text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
electromagnetism, electromagnetic-radiation, magnetic-fields, electric-fields, electromagnetic-induction
There is a vector identity that $$(\nabla \times \vec E) \cdot \vec B -(\nabla \times \vec B) \cdot \vec E = \nabla \cdot (\vec E \times \vec B)$$ This is a vector identity so it holds for all vector fields. Now, i... | {
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lower-bounds, space-bounded, query-complexity, linear-equations
and three passes is open... So, instead, I'm just hoping for a reasonable conjecture on what an expert would estimate to be likely true, a "rule of thumb" if you like, of the form "we expect any such adversary to require at least $n^d$ accesses to $M$", w... | {
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"tags": "lower-bounds, space-bounded, query-complexity, linear-equations",
"url": null
} |
Induction step. The AM-GM inequality is homogeneous, so it can be assumed WLOG that the smallest $x_j=1\,$. Assume again WLOG that $\,j=n\,$, then the inequality reduces to:
$$x_1+x_2+ \cdots + x_{n-1} + 1 \ge n \cdot \sqrt[n]{x_1 \cdot \ldots \cdot x_{n-1}} \quad\style{font-family:inherit}{\text{with}}\quad x_i \ge... | {
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"tags... |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields
Title: Force felt by a moving charge due to its own magnetic field? Suppose a moving proton traverses a uniform magnetic field with constant velocity. Note that because the proton is moving, it is generating its own magnetic field.
Is the magnetic force experienced by the proton comp... | {
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java, android
}
}
}
//Create a new map of values, where column names are the keys
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("reminders_remaining",remindersRemaining);
values.put("date", new Simple... | {
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"tags": "java, android",
"url": null
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metric-tensor, tensor-calculus, notation
Title: Inconsistency in index contraction Given an expression
$$g_{\mu\nu}v^{\nu} v^{\rho} k_{\nu} \delta^{\mu}_{\alpha} k_{\rho} \delta^{\nu}_{\beta}$$
if we contract $v^{\rho} k_{\rho}$, we get $v \cdot k$, then the rest of it reads
$g_{\mu\nu}v^{\nu} k_{\nu} \delta^{\mu}_{\a... | {
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"tags": "metric-tensor, tensor-calculus, notation",
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python, array, python-2.x
You can see this if you consider a sample array--I'll borrow your example--such as [4,7,8,9,11]. Once sorted in descending order, we can pair each value with its index to get [(0, 11), (1, 9), (2, 8), (3, 7), (4, 4)]. Because of the sorting, the index will always represent the number of value... | {
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"tags": "python, array, python-2.x",
"url": null
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gravitational-waves, interferometry, ligo
These plots can be misleading; the curves they show don't represent a minimum detectable strain. Indeed, the units on the y-axis of these plots are $\mathrm{Hz}^{-1/2}$, while the GW strain is dimensionless, so you can't actually compare them! It's entirely possible to detec... | {
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"tags": "gravitational-waves, interferometry, ligo",
"url": null
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It has been shown that $$\sum_{n = k+1}^{\infty} \Bigg| \frac{1}{n^{p}} \Bigg|$$ converges for $$p > 1$$ now since $$n \in \mathbb{N},\ n > 1$$ eventually. So the original series converges.
You are bringing in the $$p$$-test unnecessarily. Once you know that all the terms in the tail of the sequence satisfy $$a_n > 2$... | {
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turing-machines, finite-automata, pushdown-automata
So, doing this while cloning all transitions and other properties, will ensure that the DFA/PDA/TM will be equivalent.
Notice that in the special case of TM the accepting state will never be duplicated, since it doesn't have any transitions at all. | {
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concentration
I have tried $M_1V_1=M_2V_2$. I have tried converting it to kg of $\ce{CH3OH}$ and subtracting it from the $\pu{1.00kg}$ to get kg of $\ce{H2O}$. All of which have worked to no avail. If the molality is $1.44 \ce{m}$, it means that, there is 1.44 moles of methanol in $1 \ce{kg}$ of water.
To prepare this... | {
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"tags": "concentration",
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neuroscience, neurophysiology, vision, eyes
Title: How is color information transmitted from the eye to the brain via the optic nerve? I would presume that is has something to do with synapses and specific chemicals starting specific charges through the optical nerve's sub-components, and that this is somehow interpre... | {
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"tags": "neuroscience, neurophysiology, vision, eyes",
"url": null
} |
discrete-signals, fourier-transform
Title: Inverse DTFT of left-sided sequence I am pretty new to inverse Fourier transforms and I would like to ask a question. Does anyone know how to bring back to the "sequence domain" this relation below? In other words, get the inverse DTFT of this expression? (Given that C, D and... | {
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image-processing, matlab, c, c++, sparsity
Another example is polynomial representation: suppose that you have fifteen couples of $x_i,y_i$ values that you want to use for prediction. Of course a Lagrange polynomial of degree 14 will fit then perfectly. Should it be used for prediction? Probably not, as data are impre... | {
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"tags": "image-processing, matlab, c, c++, sparsity",
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newtonian-mechanics, forces, newtonian-gravity, everyday-life, free-body-diagram
Title: Why is bench pressing your bodyweight harder than doing a pushup? Why does bench pressing your own bodyweight feel so much harder than doing a push-up?
I have my own theories about the weight being distributed over multiple points... | {
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thus we set w_i=1/n_i. Lima, Souza, Cribari-Neto, and Fernandes (2009) built on Furno's procedure based on least median of squares (LMS) and least trimmed squares (LMS) residuals. where W is the diagonal martrix with diagonal entries equal to weights The White test b. will be more efficient. Mathematically, homoscedast... | {
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A proof that $y-x=y+(-x)$ would be as follows: By definition, we have that $$x + (y-x) = y$$ for any $x$ and $y$. From the commutative property, we have that $$(y-x) + x = y$$ Add $(-x)$ to each side to get $$((y-x) + x) + (-x) = y + (-x)$$ Use associativity to give us $$(y-x) + (x + (-x)) = y + (-x)$$ $(-x)$ is the sa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9317696690559387,
"tags... |
quantum-field-theory, angular-momentum, quantum-spin, representation-theory, helicity
Title: Analog of spin VS helicity for internal symmetries This might be more of a soft question, since I don't While learning about representations of the Lorentz group, I found in Maggiore's book (Chapter 2) that massive particles o... | {
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the next event e.g expected number of days x between calls. Pdf and the complement of the geometric distribution until failure '' of, say, lightbulbs { e } {. Constant parameter$ \lambda $called the exponential lifetime of the probability functions for exponential. Interval, parametrized by$ \lambda $called the rate pa... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9896718483945665,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8128673155708976,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 517.6863820886438,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8786601424217224,
"tags"... |
java, role-playing-game
//Event 9a: Large Resource Gain Metals
public void mountEvent9a() {
System.out.println("While out patrolling the mountains, your drones find an enormous deposit of metal ore.");
}
/**In which the hive discovers a colossal derelict spaceship and has free access to a
* random value of metals d... | {
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water, ph, buffer
This is the old Henderson–Hasselbalch equation you surely heard about before. As we know the pH and K2, we can calculate the ratio between carbonate and bicarbonate.
In the other side, if I'm below my dividing line near 8.6, carbonate ion concentration is zero, now I have to deal only with the pair c... | {
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9. BenBlackburn
ya i do i just dident know the best way for me to type it. do you mean reduced row echelon form?
10. TuringTest
yes
11. TuringTest
and it's true, you can't type it unless you know latex
12. TuringTest
the equation editor is too limited
13. TuringTest
$\begin{array}9w+2x+5y-5z =1\\w+3x+10y-3z =2... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7604113221168518,
"tags": n... |
How would you show that not every number of the form $$N = (p_1 p_2 p_3 \cdots p_n) + 1$$ is prime, where $$p_1, p_2, p_3,...,p_n$$ is the list of all prime numbers?
I have tried several proof techniques including the proof of infinitely many primes but to no avail. Any suggestions would be appreciated.
• There is no... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8570237159729004,
"ta... |
ros, c++, plugin, rqt, gui
def save_settings(self, plugin_settings, instance_settings):
# TODO save intrinsic configuration, usually using:
# instance_settings.set_value(k, v)
pass
def restore_settings(self, plugin_settings, instance_settings):
# TODO restore intrinsic configuratio... | {
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pcl, mesh
// Set the maximum distance between connected points (maximum edge length)
gp3.setSearchRadius (p_setSearchRadius); //It was 0.025
// Set typical values for the parameters
gp3.setMu (p_setMu); //It was 2.5
gp3.setMaximumNearestNeighbors (p_neighbours... | {
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"tags": "pcl, mesh",
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haskell, monads, telegram
data HandlerContext = HandlerContext
{ userId :: Int
, messageId :: Int
}
runHandler :: HandlerAction a -> HandlerContext -> SessionT ConfigT ()
runHandler handler = runReaderT (reportErrors =<< run handler)
where
reportErrors :: Either String a -> ReaderT HandlerContext (Session... | {
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quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle
The last equation suggests that the magnitude of angular momentum is $m\hbar$, which, in turn, is equal to the magnitude of the component in the z direction, $m\hbar$. However, both values can only be the same if the components in... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, schroedinger-equation, heisenberg-uncertainty-pri... |
imu, navigation, gps, robot-localization
First, double-check your sensor data. To answer your question, yes, I am compensating for acceleration due to gravity. There's a parameter called remove_gravitational_acceleration, and it defaults to true. I should really make that a per-sensor configuration, but I digress. How... | {
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java, linked-list
Here are my implementations of the interfaces:
Class IValueElement
package implementierung;
import schnittstellen.IValueElement;
public class ValueElement implements IValueElement
{
private String name;
private int value;
public ValueElement(String name, int value) {
if (name =... | {
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Here is graph of $$\frac{d^2 g(x)}{dx^2} = 6x$$:
• If a function $f$ is smooth, then can I suppose that $f$ is increasing ou decreasing? At least in some interval? Oct 9, 2020 at 0:52
Consider a sequence in $\mathbb{R}$ say $\{x_n\}_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$, which is continuous in $\mathbb{R}$. Usually we do not say it a ... | {
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thermodynamics, entropy
We have optimized the multiplicity here and since entropy can be computed from multiplicity directly and is monatomic, we have also maximized the entropy. Further investigations can show that this holds in other cases and you can consult an undergraduate book on thermal physics for more of the ... | {
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missing-data, data-imputation
I have split the dataset to d1 where we have complete data for all variables and d2 where all records have at least one missing variable.
I made different models using KNN: To predict the values of var5 and var6 for the first observation, I used d1 (dataset without missing value) and mode... | {
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"tags": "missing-data, data-imputation",
"url": null
} |
cc.complexity-theory, barriers
Title: Barriers to separating other complexity classes Do Natural Proofs, Relativization and Algebrization also affect separation of other complexity classes like $L\neq NL\neq NP\neq coNP \neq PH\neq PSPACE$ etc?
For instance natural proofs barrier should affect any proof of $NP\neq CoN... | {
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"tags": "cc.complexity-theory, barriers",
"url": null
} |
botany, terminology, fruit
Fruits are nuts enclosed by fleshy or winglike fused bracts/perianth, giving a samaroid or drupaceous appearance. (emphases mine)
And, according to Manning (1940):
Whole fruit drupelike, but the husk derived from the involucre and the calyx, and the skin from the calyx alone, neither one f... | {
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"tags": "botany, terminology, fruit",
"url": null
} |
php
/*signup*/ | {
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ros
Title: Kinect - bitmap file
Hello!
Does anybody know how I can save a greyscale image from the Kinect as a bitmap file? (python code)
Thanks for help!
Originally posted by JaRu on ROS Answers with karma: 153 on 2012-12-13
Post score: 0
This may be a somewhat roundabout approach, and something faster could be po... | {
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thermodynamics, entropy, reversibility
Title: How is entropy a state function? Is there only one reversible way to move from one state to another?
If we consider two states $A$ and $B$ on an isotherm and we move from $A$ to $B$ by first reversible isochoric process and then reversible isobaric process. Now the pat... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, entropy, reversibility",
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be approached by a greedy algorithm that always selects the largest denomination not exceeding the remaining amount of money to be paid. , Sm} valued coins. Change-making problem 5. Greedy Algorithm vs Dynamic Programming 53 •Greedy algorithm: Greedy algorithm is one which finds the feasible solution at every stage wit... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8983216524778994,
"lm_q2_score": 0.9086178870347122,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 631.4589835219829,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6997814178466797,
"ta... |
java, rational-numbers
assertEquals(1, new Fraction(4, 4).intValue());
assertEquals(1, new Fraction(5, 4).intValue());
assertEquals(1, new Fraction(6, 4).intValue());
assertEquals(1, new Fraction(7, 4).intValue());
assertEquals(0, new Fraction(-0, 4).intValue());
assertEquals(0... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, rational-numbers",
"url": null
} |
ruby, multithreading, locking
Testing FreeAndEasy with 32 readers and 8 writers. Readers iterate 50 times, sleeping 0.001s each time, writers iterate 50 times, sleeping 0.001s each time
BAD!!! Readers+writers overlapped!
BAD!!! Writers overlapped!
0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 ( 0.058086)
WRITE INTENSIVE (80% writ... | {
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"tags": "ruby, multithreading, locking",
"url": null
} |
# Homework Help: Reduction of Order
1. Oct 24, 2014
### QuantumCurt
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
Given - $$y_1(x)=sin(2x)$$, find a second linearly independent solution to $$y''+4y=0$$
2. Relevant equations
I'm using reduction of order to write a second solution as a multiple of th... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8705972700870909,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8861240148544312,
"tag... |
newtonian-mechanics
I'm designing throwing target that will behave like a person when struck. | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++17
There is really no reason to save the whitespace, neither around the operators nor after the for; it only makes your code less readable.
Prefer the C++ equivalents to standard C functions. There is no reason to use printf("%s\n", accum.c_str()) when std::cout << accum.c_str() does the job equally well but s... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++17",
"url": null
} |
c#, duck-typing
private DuckEqualityComparer(Func<Tx, Ty, bool> equals, Func<Tx, int> getHashCodeX, Func<Ty, int> getHashCodeY)
{
_equals = equals;
_getHashCodeX = getHashCodeX;
_getHashCodeY = getHashCodeY;
}
public new bool Equals(object x, object y)
{
if (ReferenceEq... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, duck-typing",
"url": null
} |
galilean-relativity
Title: How to prove that $\Delta r^2 =\Delta x^2+\Delta y^2 +\Delta z^2$ is invariant under Galilean transformation Consider events A and B with coordinates $(t_A, x_A, y_A,z_A)$ and $(t_B, x_B, y_B,z_B)$ respectively.
I am trying to prove that the quantity
$$\Delta r^2 =\Delta x^2+\Delta y^2 +\De... | {
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"tags": "galilean-relativity",
"url": null
} |
algorithm, recursion, primes, clojure
I've noticed that, in translation, several functions have acquired an extra argument that is used internally to control repetition. I'll just restore decompose:
(defn decompose [n]
(loop [exponent-of-two 0, n n]
(if (odd? n)
{:exponent exponent-of-two :n n}
(rec... | {
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"tags": "algorithm, recursion, primes, clojure",
"url": null
} |
c, collections, library, vectors, macros
Here is the code:
#ifndef LIB_DYNAMIC_ARRAY_H
#define LIB_DYNAMIC_ARRAY_H | {
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classification, perceptron
};
I transform my input 2 dimensional data set into 3d by adding 1 [x 1] is our input vector. Then, all we need to do is to find $ \vec w $ only since bias is automatically adjusted. For every misclassification, I add the training point vector to the $ \vec w $ so that classification moves c... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classification, perceptron",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, parsing, validation, balanced-delimiters
... or ...
if (topBracket != openingBracket)
{
std::cerr << "Expected " << charmap[topBracket] << " but found " << closingBracket;
return true;
}
In your existing code you have three different places where you define the pairs: e.g. here ...
if (errorsFound... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, parsing, validation, balanced-delimiters",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, electric-circuits, electric-current, electrical-resistance, batteries
Lets begin by asking this question: In these circuits with identical batteries and bulbs, compare the time the power sources in these circuits will last . | {
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machine-learning, reinforcement-learning, openai-gym
Args:
state: Observation from the environment
Returns:
action: Action to be performed
"""
state = torch.tensor(np.array([state]))
action_means, action_stddevs = self.net(state)
# create a normal distr... | {
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"url": null
} |
harmonic-oscillator, dirac-delta-distributions
The situation is similar to the situation above,
except that the hitting time is even shorter,
and the force during this time is even larger.
But the transferred momentum is still the same:
$$\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} F_\text{hammer}(t)\ dt = P$$
Now let's use an infinitel... | {
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"tags": "harmonic-oscillator, dirac-delta-distributions",
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# Math Help - Degenerated Conic
1. ## Degenerated Conic
If the equation of the curve is
$
ax^2+2hxy+by^2+2gx+2fy+c=0
$
and this curve is such a conic that the focus lies on the directrix.
Can anybody describe the possible situations i.e what happens if $h^2-ab$ is $>,<$ or $=$ to 0(zero)
Or
Can anybody provide a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7187625765800476,
... |
botany, toxicology
Title: How can a plant become resistant to glufosinate? From Wikipedia, the mode of action of the non selective herbicide Glufosinate is:
Phosphinothricin is an glutamine synthetase inhibitor that binds to the glutamate site. Glufosinate-treated plants die due to a buildup of ammonia and correspond... | {
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As @Stefan suggested, different starting values do seem to improve the fit dramatically. I eyeballed the data to suggest that omega should be about $2 \pi / 20$, since the peaks looked like they were about 20 units apart.
When I put that into nls's start list, I got a curve that was much more reasonable, although it s... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307676766119,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189538945261222,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256512199033,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 795.1767355086105,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6971419453620911,
"tag... |
android, image, mvvm, kotlin
your sub-class is then forced to implement them:
class CropFragment: BaseFragment() {
override fun createInViewModel() = getViewModel()
override fun createOutViewModel() = getViewModel()
}
to much?
You can of course also combine both the template methods to one called createViewMo... | {
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"tags": "android, image, mvvm, kotlin",
"url": null
} |
c, graphics, c99
buffer[index] = colors[colorIndex];
}
++linePixelsDone;
if (linePixelsDone == lineThickness)
{
// Switching to the right side of the image?
if (!flippedSide && x >= (width / 2) - 1)
{
lineSizeIncr = -lineSizeIncr;
... | {
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"tags": "c, graphics, c99",
"url": null
} |
urdf, xml, transform
Can anyone point out what is my mistake? Thank you.
Updates:
This is the msg I get after running rostopic echo on /joint_states
header:
seq: 1685
stamp:
secs: 16
nsecs: 881000000
frame_id: ''
name: ['base_caster_support_joint', 'caster_wheel_joint',
'base_link_left_wheel_joint', 'base_... | {
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"tags": "urdf, xml, transform",
"url": null
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ions
Also, some compounds, even if largely ionic, react with water.
So magnesium oxide reacts with water forming magnesium hydroxide, both being almost insoluble in water.
Oxide anion as a very strong Lewis base immediatelly reacts with water $\ce{O^2- + H2O -> 2 OH-}$. So the only chance for metal oxides to stay bei... | {
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ros-melodic, catkin
Originally posted by Rethen on ROS Answers with karma: 13 on 2020-11-15
Post score: 1
I think you missed to install move_base_msgs package
Make sure to install all the dependencies
You can install all the dependencies by running this instruction inside your workspace
rosdep install --from-paths s... | {
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"tags": "ros-melodic, catkin",
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roboearth
Title: problem with roboearth installation
can somebody help me in installing roboearth..im using ubuntu 11.04 ros electric...i follow provided in ros wiki but cannot install....this is the output from the terminal
azfaryusof@azfaryusof-PC:~$ $ rosinstall ~/ros /opt/ros/electric 'http://www.ros.org/wiki/ro... | {
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quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, unitarity
&& u = \cos\xi\cos(\varphi+\zeta) + i \sin\xi\cos(\varphi-\zeta)\;,
\nonumber\\
&& w = \cos\xi\sin(\varphi+\zeta) + i \sin\xi\sin(\varphi-\zeta)\;.
\label{SU2Euler}
\end{eqnarray}
It provides a simple relationship between the group parameters and the orientat... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, unitarity",
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} |
\cos{x} \\ &= \cot{x} \\ \end{aligned} \\ (b) Hence, integrate $$\cot{x}$$. Let’s take a close look at the following example of applying the chain rule to differentiate, then reverse its order to obtain the result of its integration. f(z) = √z g(z) = 5z − 8. f ( z) = √ z g ( z) = 5 z − 8. then we can write the funct... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8141603003994349,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199572530448,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9885673522949219,
"tags": null,
... |
inorganic-chemistry, everyday-chemistry, experimental-chemistry, home-experiment, carbon-allotropes
Same argument as before: This test is pointless because your sample doesn't have fixed, uniform dimensions. Nor do the particles (if they're graphite; doesn't matter if it's charcoal) align themselves in extended planes... | {
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, everyday-chemistry, experimental-chemistry, home-experiment,... |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization
Title: Can't find the mass scale; calculation using the modified minimal subtraction scheme and dimensional regularisation I am taking a course on quantum field theory where there is some confusion regarding the renormalisation scheme we are using (and a corresponding one in my mi... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, renormalization",
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} |
star, constellations
Title: Exactly how does Canis Minor look like a dog? Here's what Canis Minor looks like.
To me, all I see is two stars. Canis Minor is a constellation of the giant Orion's hunting dog. Two stars can give quite a meaning. Two stars can mean a stick, a telescope, et cetera. But how could that be in... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "star, constellations",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, statistical-mechanics, path-integral, complex-numbers, wick-rotation
Title: In the Wick rotated path integral, are the paths functions of an imaginary time variable? Consider the following action:
\begin{equation}
S=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}[\frac{1}{2} \dot x^2(t)-V(x(t))]dt.
\end{equation}
I promote... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, statistical-mechanics, path-integral, complex-numbers, wick-rot... |
neural-network, deep-learning, keras
More specifically, when there is no farther documentation (and its an open source project) I usually take a look at the code for more intuitions.
In this case concat, dot, average and the like where strait forward implemented as it sounds (concatenating date, averaging, etc..), but... | {
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beginner, c, quiz
}
printf("\n");
}
else if(input == 3)
{
if(player->attribute_points > 0)
{
player->attribute_points--;
player->dexterity++;
player->dexterity_price = 5 * player->dexterity * player->dexterity +... | {
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"id": 26302,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "beginner, c, quiz",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, csv
if 'keyword' in header:
keyword_index = header.index('keyword')
if fields[keyword_index] == "":
print "keyword not defined for %s" % fields[url_index]
else:
payload['seo_page[keyword]'] = fields[keyword_index] I would consider wrapping the condition... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, beginner, csv",
"url": null
} |
java, cryptography, stream
assertEquals("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", out.toString());
decryptIn.close();
out.close();
}
@Test
public void testEncryptDecrypt() throws Exception {
String testStr = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.";
OutputStrea... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, cryptography, stream",
"url": null
} |
natural-deduction
Is it anything related to _|_ bottom in Haskell, or else the Void empty type?
All those missing pieces makes me unable to grasp the meaning and how to apply these rules.
EDIT: I was also having difficulties with the Universal Introduction rule and this video covers the topic. I'm guessing your firs... | {
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"tags": "natural-deduction",
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} |
electromagnetism, special-relativity
\tag{03}\label{03}
\end{equation}
is a factor less than or equal to or greater than 1 if instantaneously the charge $\;q\;$ from its retarded position is coming closer, is running away or keep the same distance from the field point respectively(2),(3). As you could realize y... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, special-relativity",
"url": null
} |
reference-request, big-picture, big-list, algebra, survey
So, there is a wide-ranging application of "algebra" in Computer Science, but it is not the kind of algebra found in traditional algebra textbooks. | {
"domain": "cstheory.stackexchange",
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"tags": "reference-request, big-picture, big-list, algebra, survey",
"url": null
} |
java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded, mathematics
Now the "challenge" is to translate the Inclusion-Exclusion approach to a
recursive function, and that could look as follows:
// Sum of all numbers 1...k, computed modulo MOD.
private static long sumUpTo(long k) {
k = k % MOD; // Otherwise the followin... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded, mathematics",
"url": null
} |
rviz, ros-kinetic
Thanks.
Edit: Launch file -> sick_tim_5xx.launch
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<launch>
<arg name="hostname" default="192.168.0.1" />
<arg name="cloud_topic" default="cloud" />
<arg name="frame_id" default="cloud" />
<node name="sick_tim_5xx" pkg="sick_scan" type="sick_generic_caller" re... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 32580,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rviz, ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
c++, c, algorithm
stackArray.pop(); }
}
else { nextNode = nodes[stackArray.top()].adjList[nextToVisit[stackArray.top()]];
nextToVisit[stackArray.top()]++;
if (0 == dfLabels[nextNode]) {
parents[nextNode] = stackArray.top();
printf("processing (%d,... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c, algorithm",
"url": null
} |
python, file, windows
def loopThroughDir(path):
try:
for iterator in os.listdir(path):
if os.path.isdir(path + "\\" + iterator): # if the path is a folder
loopThroughDir(path + "\\" + iterator)
else: # if it's a regular file
if iterator[0:4] != "fil... | {
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"id": 39633,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, file, windows",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, condensed-matter, material-science, fermions
At low temperatures, a classical ideal gas will have many states in which particles are spread out among energies and temperatures. This is a consequence of particles being distinguishable from one another. On the other hand, it does contain states in whic... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 5923,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "thermodynamics, condensed-matter, material-science, fermions",
"url": null
} |
nlp, dataset, language-model
Note
This question has been cross-posted from CrossValidated. You can use Data Selection with Importance Resampling (DSIR), which applies importance resampling with bag-of-words ngrams estimators. This method is specifically meant to select good data for LLM training.
The authors of the me... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nlp, dataset, language-model",
"url": null
} |
phase-transition, freezing, ice
There's also the fact that dissolving the salt is endothermic, as you mentioned. To test whether this is important, you could try adding salt to some chilled water without any ice, and see if the temperature drops a lot. My feeling is that it will only drop by a tiny amount that will be... | {
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"tags": "phase-transition, freezing, ice",
"url": null
} |
I can only get $1 - \frac{ba^2}{(x^2 - a^2)^{3/2}} =$ $x = \sqrt{a^2 + ba^{4/3}}$
7. If the length we get, 16.65 is a minium then how is that the largest possible ladder. Is it because we have to minimize theta in order to maximize length.. but does that make sence... the larger theta is the larger the length would be... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9848109489630492,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744806385542,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8120490908622742,
"tags... |
structural-engineering, materials, steel, strength
Is a 1/8" AR400F steel plate strong enough, for maximum 4,000 lbs?
If not, what do you think about AR400F 3/16" thick ? I could see a moment when an overloaded trailer with defective brakes is rushing into the cabin.
You need to consult the trailer's hitch manual, or ... | {
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"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "structural-engineering, materials, steel, strength",
"url": null
} |
• If `w` is a scalar, `lazy` applies it to all states. That is, the transition matrix of the lazy chain (`lc.P`) is the result of the linear transformation
`${P}_{\text{lazy}}=\left(1-w\right)P+wI.$`
P is `mc.P` and I is the `NumStates`-by-`NumStates` identity matrix.
• If `w` is a vector, `lazy` applies the weights... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9802808695883038,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8082042562449097,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461928533133,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1245.1246621919074,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6978907585144043,
"tags": ... |
graph with 5 vertices that is isomorphic to its own complement. A simple graph has no parallel edges nor any (5 points, 1 point for each) True/False Questions 1.1) In a simple graph on n vertices, the degree of a vertex is at most n - 1. 29 Let G be a simple undirected planar graph on 10 vertices with 15 edges. The gra... | {
"domain": "com.br",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9597620608291781,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.80391586609081,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199673867852,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 340.43042791623736,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5580781102180481,
"tags": null... |
$=-\displaystyle\frac{4}{3} (9-x)^{\frac{3}{2}}$ from x=5 to x=9
$=-\displaystyle\frac{4}{3}\left[ (9-9)^{1.5}-(9-5)^{1.5}\right]=\frac{32}{3}$
You've got to practice. Keep going until you can reproduce the solution for both integrals. | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9857180681726683,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8564182414062878,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8688267660487572,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 643.7519994399651,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9478228688240051,
"tag... |
cosmology, black-holes, gravitational-waves, dark-matter, ligo
I don't understand how it was obtained! $\rho/M$ is the number volume density $n$ of the black holes. $\sigma v n$ gives you the rate of mergers $R$ per black hole. So, the number of mergers is, to first guess, $\frac{1}{2}R * \left({\rm number\, of\, blac... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 40926,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "cosmology, black-holes, gravitational-waves, dark-matter, ligo",
"url": null
} |
filters, transfer-function, delay
Title: How is time or sampling rate accounted for in this model? A basic model of coupled strings (eg. piano) is provided here as:
The principle is that it has two identical string simulations each formed by a delay line and LPF. The outputs of these are summed at the "bridge" in the... | {
"domain": "dsp.stackexchange",
"id": 8109,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "filters, transfer-function, delay",
"url": null
} |
beginner, c, compiler
if (!is_type(tokenizer)) return;
char *paramType = expect_type(tokenizer);
char *paramName = expect_identifier(tokenizer);
define(func->lTable, paramName, paramType, KIND_ARG);
while(is_this_symbol(tokenizer, ',')) {
expect_symbol(tokenizer, ',');
paramType = expect_type(tokenize... | {
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"id": 34086,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "beginner, c, compiler",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, ising-model, ferromagnetism
Title: The need for the Ising model in Mean field theory? Consider the Heisenberg Hamiltonian:
$$\newcommand{\p}[2]{\frac{\partial #1}{\partial #2}} \newcommand{\f}[2]{\frac{ #1}{ #2}} \newcommand{\l}[0]{\left(} \newcommand{\r}[0]{\right)} \newcommand{\mean}[1]{\langle #1 ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 40585,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, ising-model, ferromagnetism",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces, friction
So really your mass should be able to take on any value between $m_1$ and $m_3$ (assuming your work is correct, which I have not checked).
If you want to check for another one of the infinite solutions you can do one of two things. The first thing you can d... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, forces, friction",
"url": null
} |
c#, object-oriented, email
string replacement;
string tag = body.Substring(openingPound+1,closingPound-openingPound-1);
if (dict.TryGetValue(tag,out replacement)
{
bodyBuilder.Append(replacement);
openingPound = body.IndexOf('#',closingPound+1);
}
else
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 13287,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, object-oriented, email",
"url": null
} |
data-structures, search-trees, algorithm-design
As long as we are not talking about a small runtime offset, each criterion has priority over the next.
My research so far has yielded that the answer is likely some kind of self-balancing search tree, but I failed to find any information which of them is best for the cas... | {
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"id": 6473,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "data-structures, search-trees, algorithm-design",
"url": null
} |
# Subset of knight's move in chess.
A particle is allowed to move in the $$\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}$$ grid by choosing any of the two jumps:
1) Move two units to right and one unit up
2) Move two units up and one unit to right.
Let $$P=(30,63)$$ and $$Q=(100,100)$$, if the particle starts at origin then?
a) $$P... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245911726382,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 261.68399461836054,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9644154906272888,
"tag... |
solving and mathematical.! Cascading '' the constant $\text { query }$ function translates the collection possible...: i.e implicit Tree numbers from 1 ) the implementation from the root vertex with that number problems can turned. The vertex that covers the Segment cp algorithms segment tree can be extended in lots of... | {
"domain": "ruml-gastrotech.eu",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9688561694652216,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8073716793456316,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 433.1737371021284,
"openwebmath_score": 0.49244052171707153,
"t... |
error-correction, terminology-and-notation, stabilizer-code, nielsen-and-chuang
Stabiliser codes
A stabiliser code is a quantum error correction code determined by a set $\mathscr S$ of stabiliser generators, which are Pauli operators which commute with one another, and which define a code-space $\mathcal C$ by the i... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
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"tags": "error-correction, terminology-and-notation, stabilizer-code, nielsen-and-ch... |
python
class GetAllPaths:
"""
Return file and paths directions
"""
if platform == "win32":
root = 'C:\\Users'
elif platform == 'linux':
root = '/home'
else:
# Probably raise an exception here
raise Exception(f"Platform {platform} not supported")
def test(se... | {
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"id": 40001,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, error-analysis
Even though you have kept the mass, $m$, constant whilst doing the experiment it still has an error attached to it as does the gravitational field strength, $g$.
However, in your experiment it looks as though the errors associated with these two quantities are significantly small... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, error-analysis",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, python-3.x, file, heap-sort
# Algorithm based on
# https://github.com/melvilgit/external-Merge-Sort
def split_large_file(starting_file, my_temp_dir, max_line=1000000):
"""
:param starting_file: input file to be splitted
:param my_temp_dir: temporary directory
:param max_line: num... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, performance, python-3.x, file, heap-sort",
"url": null
} |
molecular-orbital-theory, orbitals, phase, quantum-chemistry
How do we form the bonding and antibonding MOs? Is it becaue each orbital is actually in a superposition of being 'phase 0' and 'phase pi' which is why you get both bonding and antibonding MOs?
The absolute phase of the orbital has nothing to do with it, bu... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "molecular-orbital-theory, orbitals, phase, quantum-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
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