text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
gravity, astrophysics, supernova
Title: Stellar Core Collapse Speeds If gravity determines the speed of free falling objects, but stellar core collapses happen much faster than the speed of free falling objects, wouldn't that indicate that stellar core collapses are caused by something other than, or in addition to, g... | {
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"tags": "gravity, astrophysics, supernova",
"url": null
} |
waves, acoustics, biophysics, boundary-conditions, resonance
The "bottom end" of the resonating cavity is not, in fact, the lungs, but the vocal folds (as Georg pointed out). This end has some acoustic impedance that's neither extremely low nor extremely high. I'm sure the impedance also changes somewhat with the pitc... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "waves, acoustics, biophysics, boundary-conditions, resonance",
"url": null
} |
electric-circuits, electricity, electrical-resistance
But the incoming "fast charge" will now have to "queue up" in front of the resistor, which will necessarily also slow it down before the resistor. In fact it will be slowed down to the exact same drift speed. Thus the current before the resistor reduces until it is... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electric-circuits, electricity, electrical-resistance",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, collision, rotational-kinematics
$$\mathbf F_\text{net}=m\ddot{\mathbf x}_\text{cm}$$
Since your new composite system (ring + particle) has no forces acting on it after the collision, we have $0=m\ddot{\mathbf x}_\text{cm}$, i.e. the center of mass cannot be accelerating. If the system was rotatin... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, collision, rotational-kinematics",
"url": null
} |
javascript, mongodb, express.js, modules, ecmascript-8
exports.displayDashboard = async (req, res, next) => {
const posts = await Post.find({}, (err, posts) => {
if (err) {
console.log('Error: ', err);
} else {
res.render('admin/index', {
layout: 'admin/layou... | {
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"tags": "javascript, mongodb, express.js, modules, ecmascript-8",
"url": null
} |
We split this into cases by making a chart. In each row, the entries $(\pm1)$ before the dividing line represent the right or left steps (without regard to order), and the entries after the dividing line represent the up or down steps (again, without regard to order). This table only represents the cases where the endi... | {
"domain": "artofproblemsolving.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9934102297025936,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8190289180898455,
"lm_q2_score": 0.824461932846258,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 121.31549344905316,
"openwebmath_score": 0.893199622631073,
... |
continuum-mechanics, stress-strain
The divergence theorem yields
$$\int_{B_r(p)} \sigma_{ij},_j dv =0\:.$$
Now assume that $\sigma_{ij},_j(p) = v >0$. The case $<0$ is completely analogous. Since $\sigma_{ij},_j(q)$ is continuous when $q \in B_r(p)$, for every fixed $\epsilon>0$, we can find a second ball $B_\delta(p)... | {
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"tags": "continuum-mechanics, stress-strain",
"url": null
} |
To calculate the number of edges: as you say there are $2^n$ corners. Each one is connected to n other corners. Adding all of these up counts each edge twice, so there are $2^{n-1}n$ edges, which equals $32$ for $n=4$. Another way to count edges is to define $E(n)$ as the number of edges in $n$ dimensions. If you think... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9732407137099625,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8490039766899767,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473697001441,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 379.8880349867579,
"openwebmath_score": 0.753924548625946,
"tags... |
The digit $$1$$ will occur in the $$x$$ positions precisely $$\frac{1}{10}$$ of the time. Similarly it will occur in the $$y$$ positions precisely $$\frac{1}{10}$$ of the time and same to for the $$z$$ positions.
The contribution of the $$1$$'s digit to the overall sum from a single term in the sum when it occurred in ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9770226294209299,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8141769933392945,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333246015211008,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 154.12286466847553,
"openwebmath_score": 0.943360447883606,
"tag... |
automata, finite-automata, pushdown-automata
Can someone tell me the limitations of a CFG / PDA (if any) and whether or not $\text{L}$ can be generated by a PDA/CFG? Additionally, are PDAs infinite state automata? Since each context-free language can be described by a grammar, there are only countably many context-fre... | {
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"tags": "automata, finite-automata, pushdown-automata",
"url": null
} |
pl.programming-languages, type-theory, linear-logic
Francois Pottier give an excellent overview of various approaches in this presentation. The main technique you probably would be interested in is region typing.
The Wikipedia article is quite complete, but the basic idea is to keep explicit regions which references a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "pl.programming-languages, type-theory, linear-logic",
"url": null
} |
optics, interference, geometric-optics
If the screen is at a sufficiently large distance, the rays emitted by S1 and S2 which interfere at E are practically parallel and the difference in the path is $\delta =2d\cos (\theta )$ (if there is no additional phase shift due to reflections on the mirrors ).
The bright rings... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "optics, interference, geometric-optics",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++17
std::string ConfigurationModule::getCurrentSection()
{
return current_section_;
}
ConfigurationCallbackHolder.h
#ifndef CONFIGURATION_CALLBACK_HOLDER_H
#define CONFIGURATION_CALLBACK_HOLDER_H
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <functional>
class ConfigurationHandler;
using ConfigurationCall... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c++17",
"url": null
} |
terminology, duality
Knowing two things are dual requires you to understand how to construct and calculate quantities precisely using the theories between which you want to describe a duality. However, proving two things are dual is much more mathematical. | {
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"tags": "terminology, duality",
"url": null
} |
scala
// Separate out the endpoints into their own category
object endpointResolver {
// Use a partial function which you can re-use in order parts
// of your program. You may use this in your testing as well.
val endPoints: PartialFunction[Named, String] = {
case _: Track => "track.json"
case _: Album ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "scala",
"url": null
} |
resource-recommendations, laser, free-electron-lasers
Title: Laser book for physics GRE The recent physics GRE exams have some questions on lasers. Does anyone know of a good book which goes briefly through different types of lasers? When I was studying for the physics GRE I used the book Conquering the Physics GRE b... | {
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"tags": "resource-recommendations, laser, free-electron-lasers",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, web-scraping, selenium, facebook
def login(self, login, password):
self.driver.get(self.LOGIN_URL)
# wait for the login page to load
self.wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "email")))
self.driver.find_element_by_id('email').send_keys(login)
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, web-scraping, selenium, facebook",
"url": null
} |
immunology, cell-membrane, membrane-transport
Is this basically correct as far as it goes?
If so, what causes the lipid droplet to fuse with muscle (or other) cells in the first place? I can't give an authoritative answer on this because my PhD work was based on mRNA delivery using peptides instead of lipids, but many... | {
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"tags": "immunology, cell-membrane, membrane-transport",
"url": null
} |
look at Python, and is admittedly selective in which features we investigate (for instance, we don't use classes, as in our second primer on random psychedelic images ). Here, bottom-up recursion is pretty intuitive and interpretable, so this is how edit distance algorithm is usually explained. The algo-rithm is a synt... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. Yes\n2. Yes",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9766692277960746,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8117518326123543,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844385,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1282.145413049841,
"openwebmath_score": 0.23353199660778046,
"tags": nu... |
c++, file-system
File.cpp
#include "../headers/File.hpp"
namespace FilesApi {
File::File(const std::string &file_name, bool exceptions, const std::string &file_path) {
name = file_name;
path = file_path;
is_ready = !name.empty();
use_exceptions = exceptions;
is_open = false... | {
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"tags": "c++, file-system",
"url": null
} |
# Arithmetically random bitstreams
Motivation (informal). When trying to generate a random bit-stream, we expect that "half of the" bits are $$0$$, and the "other half" are $$1$$. So, how about $$010101\ldots$$? Well, we would also expect that if we look at every second member of the sequence, then "half of" those bit... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9825575116884779,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8209106192356873,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835309589073,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 450.08331542442926,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8968937993049622,
"tag... |
c#, tree
public IEnumerable<Tree<T>> Children
{
get { return _items.Values; }
}
public Tree<T> Parent(T item)
{
if (item.ParentKey == null)
{
return this;
}
if(_items.Count == 0)
{
return null;
}
var child = _items... | {
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"tags": "c#, tree",
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} |
c#
You managed to find the issue yourself. Your RuleSet class shouldn't be implemented in such way that the rules are always the same (I believe?). What this mean is that when you create a new RuleSet any rules should be able to go into that set.
I don't know what is the purpose of it but it seems your kind of associa... | {
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"tags": "c#",
"url": null
} |
waves, acoustics
When the wavelength of one wave is an integer multiple of the other, or the two are in a simple ratio like 2:3 you tend to get an overall effect that is pleasing to the ear. Such ratios are known as harmonics. Generally, when you pluck a string on a guitar it does not vibrate purely at its nominal fre... | {
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"tags": "waves, acoustics",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, charge, equilibrium
which comes out to be (upon plugging in)
$$\frac{2}{(\frac{l}{\sqrt 2})^2 + (\delta r)^2} \times \frac{\sqrt{2}\delta r}{l}$$
which could be rewritten as
$$\frac{2 \sqrt{2}\delta r}{\frac{l^3}{2}(1 + (\frac{\sqrt{2}\delta r}{l})^2)} = \frac{4 \sqrt{2}\delta ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, charge, equilibrium",
"url": null
} |
java, object-oriented
Title: Best way to manage a device information class This is probably a really simple question.
An embedded device I'm working with will store the device information in an xml file.
In my code, I want to read this xml file and freely reference to it wherever I need to, so I made a simple helper c... | {
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"tags": "java, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
filters, filter-design, finite-impulse-response, frequency-response, digital-filters
Question:
My question is -- how can we convert this into an FIR filter?
For instance, the zero-phase frequency response of an FIR filter is given by:
$$ H(\omega) = \sum_{i=0}^{n} a_i \text{cos}\left( i \omega \right) $$
and then the ... | {
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"tags": "filters, filter-design, finite-impulse-response, frequency-response, digital-filters",... |
c++, file, console, windows, quiz
std::wcout << "OK ";
for (int i = 0; i < 80; ++i)
std::wcout << '-';
int start_row = 0 + (page - 1) * rows_per_page;
int end_row = 0;
if (page == count_of_pages)
end_row = file_voc.size()-1;
... | {
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"id": 31017,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, file, console, windows, quiz",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, operators, integration, time-evolution
Let $t\mapsto H(t)$ a strongly continuous map of $\mathbb{R}$ into the bounded self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$. Then there is a unitary propagator on $\mathcal{H}$ so that, for all $\psi\in\mathcal{H}$,
$$\phi_s (t) = U(t,s) \psi $$
... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators, integration, time-evolution",
"url": null
} |
c#, performance
Using complex filters and results should also speed things up a little bit over separate filters for real and imaginary part. It also improves readability and reduces duplicate code, but they're not a must.
In addition, 14% of CPU time is spend in the innermost loops without counting the kernel element... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, performance",
"url": null
} |
c++, image, template, lambda, c++20
#endif
The testing code
/* Developed by Jimmy Hu */
#include "image.h"
#include "basic_functions.h"
int main()
{
auto img1 = TinyDIP::Image<GrayScale>(10, 10, 4);
auto img2 = TinyDIP::Image<GrayScale>(10, 10, 3);
auto img3 = TinyDIP::Image<GrayScale>(10, 10, 2);
a... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, image, template, lambda, c++20",
"url": null
} |
qiskit
Title: How to use Qiskit visualization in Python IDLE 3.X (Python 3.X 64-bit)? Why doesn't Qiskit visualization work on Python IDLE 3.X like circuits.draw(), plot_histogram() and plot_bloch_vector()? Is there any way to make visualization module work on Python IDLE 3.X? These functions don't automatically displ... | {
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"id": 1152,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "qiskit",
"url": null
} |
statistical-mechanics
The width of the region on the left is equal to the change in $q_1$ in time $dt$ is equal to $\dot{q_1}dt$. So the area is given by $(\dot{q_1}\mathrm dt)(\mathrm dq_2, \ldots,\mathrm dp_f )$. So the number of particles entering the volume element is given by
\begin{equation}
\rho\times (\dot{q_... | {
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"tags": "statistical-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
astrophysics, astronomy, galaxies
$$\frac{\partial}{\partial r} \int \mathrm{d}(\dot{r}, r^2\dot{\theta}, r^2\sin^2\theta\dot{\phi}) v_r^2 f \Bigr|_{\theta, \phi, \dot{r}, r^2 \sin^2 \theta \dot{\phi}, r^2\dot{\theta}}$$
ie
$$\frac{\partial}{\partial r} \int \mathrm{d}(v_r, r \sin\theta v_{\phi}, r v_{\theta}) v_r^2... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 74639,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "astrophysics, astronomy, galaxies",
"url": null
} |
evolution
Just have to disclaim here: We will never do this. Many unthinkable consequences would result...
If you simply forbid anyone to have children before they are 40 or 45 (fertility doesn't drop until age 35 or so), forbid invitro fertilization and medical assistance to conception we would probably be looking a... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 6069,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "evolution",
"url": null
} |
c++, object-oriented, windows, tetris
void Table::generateRandomTile()
{
// generating a random tile from all the tiles possible and setting its coordinates for the game table
short randomTile;
randomTile = rand() % allTiles.getNumberOfTiles();
actualTile = allTiles.getTile(randomTile);
actualTil... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented, windows, tetris",
"url": null
} |
python, interview-questions
def find_duplicates(arr1, arr2):
output = []
for val in arr1:
if b_search(arr2, val):
output.append(val)
return output
def b_search(A, value):
lower_ind = 0
upper_ind = len(A) - 1
while lower_ind <= upper_ind:
middle_ind = lower_ind + ... | {
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"tags": "python, interview-questions",
"url": null
} |
java, matrix
This is unnecessarily verbose, using the iterable nature of arrays you could simply:
for (int[] row : m) {
flipRow(row);
}
This is self-documenting, and all good.
In your flipRow method, you do a bit more work, and, it is pretty well structured, and readable. If you want to perhaps squeez... | {
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"tags": "java, matrix",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, symmetry, fermions
Title: Two fermions with total spin 1 antisymmetric wave function? How can I prove, that two fermions with a total spin of 1 must have an antisymmetric wave function? Note: All products between $\chi$'s are to be understood as tensor products.
Assuming the fermions a... | {
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• How about working it out for a much smaller number than 100, such as 5? Then 6... – Steve Kass Jul 8 '20 at 18:54
• ...or consider: what is the largest number of $1$s that can ever fit your criterion? what is the largest number of $6$s that can ever fit your criterion? – David G. Stork Jul 8 '20 at 18:55
• You may fi... | {
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"tags... |
This proves that :
$$\sum_{k=1}^nu_k\sim\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{1}{k}$$
But we know that $\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{1}{k}\sim\ln(n)$ as $n\to\infty$, hence the conclusion (by transitivity of $\sim$).
Alternative solution: let us assume that there exists a real number $S$ such that $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(a_n-S\sqrt{2n} \right)=... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324803738429,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 323.42963983168846,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9199724197387695,
"ta... |
python, beginner, python-3.x, hangman
I would get rid of correct_guess, because you're trying to rely on list mutation to modify a variable. Instead of passing a list and mutating it, you should just do the changes inline as follows (this is also coupled with a change to make secret all lowercase in the beginning of p... | {
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"tags": "python, beginner, python-3.x, hangman",
"url": null
} |
genetics
talking about. Now since every humans have SNPs at roughly 1 every 1000 base pair, there are genetic variations between sequences of genes between humans, although there are some hot spots, which are more varied and some genes are very highly conserved due to their critical function such as cytochrome C. This... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "genetics",
"url": null
} |
representation-theory, lie-algebra, calculus, poincare-symmetry, matrix-elements
Title: Representation of the Poincare algebra on the space of smooth functions The following representation describes how a field $\varphi$ transforms under the Poincaré group $\mathcal{P}$.
$$\mathsf{S} : \left\lbrace \begin{aligned}
\... | {
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"tags": "representation-theory, lie-algebra, calculus, poincare-symmetry, matrix-elements",... |
quantum-mechanics, electromagnetism, particle-physics, gravity, quantum-gravity
The so-called "Blackett effect" appears to be a hypothesis that you can generate an electromagnetic magnetic field, i.e. a $\mathbf{B}$-field, using only neutral matter. This has been experimentally falsified, apparently - it does not exis... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, electromagnetism, particle-physics, gravity, quantum-gravity",
... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, rocket-science
For some accounting, I would read this question on Space Stack Exchange. Different answers will give you a few attempts at a break-down of how much different factors count for. This is a relatively common topic, but I it's hard to find examples where people g... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, rocket-science",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x
Title: Finding sub-list Pythonic way of expressing the simple problem:
Tell if the list needle is sublist of haystack
#!/usr/bin/env python3
def sublist (haystack, needle):
def start ():
i = iter(needle)
return next(i), i
try:
n0, i = start()
for h in hay... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, collections, pointers, hash-map
inline auto begin() noexcept -> decltype(storage.begin()) { return storage.begin(); }
inline auto end() noexcept -> decltype(storage.end()) { return storage.end(); }
inline auto begin() const noexcept -> decltype(storage.b... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, collections, pointers, hash-map",
"url": null
} |
units, error-analysis
Multiplying out:
$$((1.23)(4.6) + (1.23)(\pm 0.1) + (4.6)(\pm 0.01) + (\pm 0.01)(\pm 0.1)) \times 10^1.$$
$$(5.658 + (\pm 0.123) + (\pm 0.046) + (\pm 0.001)) \times 10^1.$$
The number of digits we can write down is determined by the total uncertainty, which here is dominated by $\pm 0.123$. So,... | {
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"tags": "units, error-analysis",
"url": null
} |
quantum-chromodynamics, gauge-invariance
Title: $SU(3)$ gauge invariance in QCD In QCD, the gauge-invariant Lagrangian under the transformation
$$ \psi \to \psi' = e^{ig T^a \theta^a(x)} \psi$$
is written as:
$$\mathcal{L} = \bar{\psi}(i\gamma^\mu D_\mu - m)\psi - \frac{1}{4}G^a_{\mu\nu}G_a^{\mu\nu}$$
where the covari... | {
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"tags": "quantum-chromodynamics, gauge-invariance",
"url": null
} |
functional-programming, category-theory, algebra
An example for monoids in a functional programming language could look as follows, by interpreting the theory of monoids as a monad:
type 'a mon =
| Id
| Bin of 'a mon * 'a mon
| Var of 'a
let return (x : 'a) : 'a mon = Var x
let rec bind (x : 'a mon) (f : 'a -> 'b ... | {
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• I do not understand the last step. How come you end up from $$\lim_{t \to \infty}\frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{\sqrt{a}} \int_{-t}^{+t}e^{-x^2} dx=\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{a}} \left(\lim_{t \to \infty} \mbox{erf}(t)\right)$$ The limit is the whole real line. How you we end up only on the half real line?
– zhk
Jul 31 '16 at 3:02
• Look a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8912007212638855,
"tags"... |
vcf, genomics, genotyping
When I run the equivalent code on the reference genome
gunzip -c referencegenome.snp.vcf.gz | grep -v '^##' | awk 'BEGIN {OFS="\t"} {print $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7}' | head -n100 | awk 'BEGIN{OFS="\t"} {print $0 , "SNP"}' | sed '1s/SNP/Type/' | {
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"tags": "vcf, genomics, genotyping",
"url": null
} |
decomposition
Title: Risks from overheated phenolphthalein in green/orange silica gel drying Recently I tried to dry out some indicating silica gel. When I googled, I found advice on line saying that it should be heated to 150 C and that such was a standard procedure, so I popped it into the toaster oven set it to 300... | {
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"tags": "decomposition",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, console, polymorphism, tetris
bool Tetris::applyRotate()
{
Matrix temp(ilBlock.size(), std::vector<int>(ilBlock.size(), 0));
std::copy(mBlock.begin(), mBlock.end(), temp.begin());
rotateBlock();
if (isCollide(position.X, position.Y))
{
std::copy(temp.begin(), temp.end(), mBlo... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, console, polymorphism, tetris",
"url": null
} |
beginner, c
I have a fairly complex file with many variations on this theme that provides simple-to-use error reporting, including variations reporting on the system error (via errno) and including time stamps and process ID and ... all selectable based on program design.
Closer scrutiny shows that at any one time, at... | {
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"tags": "beginner, c",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, free-body-diagram, torque
$$ \sin \varphi \gt \mu_S \cos \varphi $$
with the solution for the tilt angle
$$ \varphi \gt \arctan( \mu_S) $$
This angle is often called the critical angle for friction. It is the same angle something placed on a ramp is going to be sliding down when exceeded. | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, free-body-diagram, torque",
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} |
ros2
class MainGui(Node):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__('gui_client')
# Initialization of the GUI
self.layout = minimal_layout()
self.window = sg.Window('Lifecycle GUI', self.layout, location=(800, 400), finalize=True)
self.values, se... | {
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"tags": "ros2",
"url": null
} |
powershell, installer
Title: Powershell Windows Service Deployment Based on this with a couple of changes.
Any issues you can point out would be great.
param([string]$targetServer, [string]$user, [string]$pass)
function Get-Service(
[string]$serviceName = $(throw "serviceName is required"),
[string]$targetSe... | {
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"tags": "powershell, installer",
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} |
python, object-oriented, design-patterns, django, mongodb
_match = MatchStage
_group = GroupStage
_sort = SortStage
_reroot = ReRootStage
def __init__(self, data, devices):
self._set_match().set_interval("time", data)
if "devid" in data:
devices = devices.filter(id__in=data[... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, object-oriented, design-patterns, django, mongodb",
"url": null
} |
python, object-oriented, sql, playing-cards, postgresql
def ask_question(question):
while True:
print(f"{question} (y/n)?")
ans = input("> ").casefold()
if ans in ("y", "n"):
return ans == "y"
def ask_bet(budget):
clear_console()
print(f"Money: ${budget}")
print("Ho... | {
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"tags": "python, object-oriented, sql, playing-cards, postgresql",
"url": null
} |
geophysics, core
So how is it that pressure drops off fast enough relative to temperature to give rise to the liquid outer-core. A good answer will explain how temperature drops off with radius and how pressure drops off with radius and how these compare to give rise to the liquid outer-core. First, you need a phase ... | {
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javascript, beginner, form, dom
To stay lightweight I decided to implement this in vanilla-js. The current state of the code can be found at this revision in my GitHub repository
I am aware and intend to timely "fix" following shortcomings: | {
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# Evaluate $\int_{0}^{1/2}\frac{e^x(2-x^2)}{(1-x)^{3/2}(1+x)^{1/2}}\,dx$
Consider the following intergal: $$\int_{0}^{1/2}\frac{e^x(2-x^2)}{(1-x)^{3/2}(1+x)^{1/2}}dx$$
I have tried this by trying to write the numerator as 1 + the product of the below-given functions and then using partial fractions. I've also thought... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9525039196014404,
"tag... |
php, validation, form
break;
case 'equalto':
if ($_POST[$this->field_name] !== '' && $_POST[$this->field_name] !== $_POST[$this->argument]) throw new Exception($this->message);
break;
case 'file_accept_extensions':
$extension =... | {
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"tags": "php, validation, form",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, symmetry, representation-theory, lie-algebra, discrete
Title: General analysis of internal symmetries in QFT I am trying to understand as much as I can about internal symmetries in QFT, without using a Lagrangian or the canonical formalism (nor perturbation theory), but I am having a hard time to... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, symmetry, representation-theory, lie-algebra, discrete",
"... |
waves, acoustics, everyday-life, wavelength, harmonics
Title: Why do water sounds different at different levels? I observed that when we fill a water bottle it sounds different at different levels of height.
means it sounds different while filling at $\frac{1}4$ level and different at $\frac{1}2$.
I just want to ask w... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "waves, acoustics, everyday-life, wavelength, harmonics",
"url": null
} |
rosdep, catkin, tf2, rosinstall, osx
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/catkin_tools/verbs/catkin_build/build.py", line 162, in determine_packages_to_be_built
workspace_packages = find_packages(context.source_space_abs, exclude_subspaces=True, warnings=[])
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/c... | {
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"tags": "rosdep, catkin, tf2, rosinstall, osx",
"url": null
} |
catkin-make
Title: How to silence catkin_make output regarding EusLisp
Whenever I catkin_make I get all this unnecessary output like:
"set ARCHDIR to Linux64
use the location of executables to set EUSDIR
set EUSDIR to /opt/ros/hydro/share/euslisp/jskeus/eus"
after every single object is compiled.
How do I silence thi... | {
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• Ha! My attempt to look this up in an obvious place quickly ran into an obstacle. In Hirsch's Differential topology, Exr.2.4.2 (a starred exercise) is essentially identical to your question, without suggesting an answer: "Under what conditions is the natural map $C_S(X,C_S(Y,Z)) \to C_S(X\times Y, Z)$ a homeomorphism?... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9579122696813394,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199592797929,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9054862260818481,
"tags... |
object-oriented, ruby, game, simulation
def apply_skill(pins)
picks = []
(@skill + 1).times { picks << rand(0..pins)
break if picks.max == pins }
picks.max
end
end
Frame:
# This class stores and evaluates a single array of rolls.
class Frame
attr_reader :results
... | {
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"url": null
} |
javascript, d3.js
// create domains for the scales
xScale.domain(d3.extent(TOPbarData, function(d) {
return d.dt;
}));
var amounts = TOPbarData.map(function(d) {
return d.amount;
});
var yMax = d3.max(amounts);
var ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, d3.js",
"url": null
} |
compilers, interpreters, theory
Yes. Maybe. But mostly yes. Depending on how you look at it.
You need an interpreter to execute something. Period. There is no way around that. Even if you just read the source code and figure out the result by hand, you are interpreting the code in your head: you are the interpreter. F... | {
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"tags": "compilers, interpreters, theory",
"url": null
} |
ros, gazebo, rviz, urdf
</material>
</visual>
<collision>
<origin
xyz="0 0 0"
rpy="0 0 0" />
<geometry>
<mesh
filename="package://car_design_full/meshes/h_right_wheel_2.STL" />
</geometry>
</collision>
</link>
<joint
name="joint_wheel_right_2"
... | {
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"tags": "ros, gazebo, rviz, urdf",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, cosmology, metric-tensor, big-bang, singularities
timelike complete, spacelike and null incomplete
spacelike complete, timelike and null incomplete
spacelike complete, timelike and null incomplete
null complete, timelike and spacelike incomplete
timelike and null complete, spacelike incomplete
spac... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, cosmology, metric-tensor, big-bang, singularities",
"url": n... |
quantum-mechanics, atomic-physics, quantum-electrodynamics, hydrogen
That being said, such a state is not a true eigenstate of the full Hamiltonian if the electron is not in its ground state, and vacuum fluctuations can induce transitions in which the electron moves to a lower energy state and the photon number increa... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, atomic-physics, quantum-electrodynamics, hydrogen",
"url": nu... |
np-hard, knapsack-problems
To obtain an instance of your problem you can create one $y_i$ for each integer $x_i$ and set $p_i = w_i = x_i$. Then create $2n$ additional "dummy" items with weight 0 and profit 0.
If there is a solution $S = \{x_{i_1}, \dots, x_{i_k}\}$ to the partition instance, then you can obtain a sol... | {
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"tags": "np-hard, knapsack-problems",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, spacetime, differential-geometry, causality, topology
I was wondering how those notions are justified. I understand, that $i^0$ is not reachable by any timelike worldline. However, consider e.g. a timelike wordline, starting in the center and proceeding at an angle, say $40°$ to the x-axis. Such a ... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, spacetime, differential-geometry, causality, topology",
"url... |
classical-mechanics, fluid-dynamics, bernoulli-equation
Title: Where is the limitation within the assumptions leading to Bernoulli's law? Lets say there is a horizontal pipe $P_1$ of diameter $d_1$, connected to another horizontal pipe $P_2$ with diameter $D_2$.
The fluid inside shall be considered as "ideal" without ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics, fluid-dynamics, bernoulli-equation",
"url": null
} |
concentration
Title: Constant concentrations in solution I'm a high school student considering the concentration of solutions, and whether the concentration is constant at the bottom or towards the surface. Even then, how would I know that the solution is consistent and not more concentrated in places compared to othe... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "concentration",
"url": null
} |
c#, design-patterns
Come to think of it, if your alerts are really being used as progress indicators and not just errors, I would think about using ref instead of out to pass it throught the rest of your processes. But again, that doesn't really change the design pattern. In C++ returning a bool or a numeric value whi... | {
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} |
So am I evaluating the ODE's over the variable $t$. But I want to express the x-axis in the energy $\mu$ instead.
How can I adjust the x-axis to reflect the energy?
I have tried to rewrite the RGE's in terms of $\mu$ instead of $t$ giving me
$\frac{\partial g_1}{\partial \mu} = \frac{1}{\mu} \frac{1}{16\pi}\frac{41}... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5872383713722229,
"tags... |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, measurement-problem
Without any additional constraints, the answer is: as fine as you want.
For example, it can be factorized as
$$
H = H_x\otimes H_y\otimes H_z\otimes H_\text{spin}
\tag{1}
$$
where ${\cal H}_x$ corresponds to the particle's freedom of motion in the $x$ direction, an... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, measurement-problem",
"url": null
} |
ros, gazebo, pr2-simulator, pr2
Originally posted by Stefan Kohlbrecher with karma: 24361 on 2012-04-27
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 1 | {
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"tags": "ros, gazebo, pr2-simulator, pr2",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, visible-light, speed-of-light, faster-than-light
Not exactly right. You would be correct if the Galilean transformation correctly described the relationship between moving frames of reference but, it doesn't.
Instead, the empirical evidence is that the Lorentz transformation must be used and, by t... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, visible-light, speed-of-light, faster-than-light",
"url": nu... |
thermodynamics, material-science, phase-transition, states-of-matter
Furthermore, materials that aren't purely composed of one kind of molecule also generally don't have a simple fix melting point. There's a certain range in which two phases may coexist. (More generally, you can have all sorts of emulsions, dispersion... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, material-science, phase-transition, states-of-matter",
"url": nu... |
c++, algorithm, sorting, c++14
// Stack of elements, top is the current element
std::stack<
RandomAccessIterator,
std::vector<RandomAccessIterator>
> positions;
while (true)
{
RandomAccessIterator dest; // Final destination of the current element
if (positions.empty())
... | {
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"tags": "c++, algorithm, sorting, c++14",
"url": null
} |
nmr-spectroscopy
13C satellites
The 13C satellites are around 1% of the total signal, if you need high accuracy you should use decoupling to get rid of those.
Other aspects
You also need to ensure that the pulses used in the experiment have a reasonably flat excitation profile for the area you're looking at. This is u... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nmr-spectroscopy",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, hamiltonian, linear-algebra, eigenvalue, ground-state
Title: Ground state of electrons in diatomic molecule and probability to find electron near a shell at the ground state Question:
The effective Hamiltonian of an outer-shell electron in a diatomic molecule is given by
$$H = \left(\begin{array}{cc... | {
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"url"... |
quantum-field-theory, black-holes, standard-model, hawking-radiation
http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0601001 | {
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"url": nu... |
c++, ros-melodic
In file included from /opt/ros/melodic/include/ros/ros.h:45:0,
from /home/alex/Code/ovis_ws/src/jog_control/jog_controller/src/twist_to_jog_frame.cpp:1:
/opt/ros/melodic/include/ros/node_handle.h:1222:17: note: candidate: ros::ServiceServer ros::NodeHandle::advertiseService(ros::Adver... | {
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"tags": "c++, ros-melodic",
"url": null
} |
java, linked-list
} I think it's looking pretty good so far!
A few things,
I would make the Node class private. This is an implementation detail and nobody using your list should need to know or worry about it. I would also remove any public facing methods that return a Node over a T. If you want them internally you c... | {
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"tags": "java, linked-list",
"url": null
} |
molecular-biology
I'm assuming "products" are either new protein molecules or maybe the amino acids that made up the original input proteins. What I don't understand is what the overall end result of these reactions are. So there's a reaction, but what does that mean? How does that reaction, lets say, result in some p... | {
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"tags": "molecular-biology",
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} |
Why do we not use here that $\overline{Y}_B=p \overline{Y_1} + (1-p) \overline{Y_0}$ ?
If follows mathematically.
Let's go through the steps for B, using indeed the formula for $\overline{Y_B}$.
$$E(\overline{Y_B})=E\left(p\overline{Y_1}+(1−p)\overline{Y_0}\right) =pE(Y_1)+(1−p)E(Y_0) =p\mu_1 + (1-p)\mu_0 =\mu = E(Y)$$... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9828346967697144,
"tag... |
sorting, vba, excel
3
7,3,5
15,20,40
300,550,137
Option Explicit
Public Sub TestBubbleSorting()
Const DELIMITER As String = ","
Dim targetSheet As Worksheet
Set targetSheet = ActiveSheet
Dim numberOfArrays As Long
numberOfArrays = targetSheet.Cells(1, 1)
Dim rawArray As Variant
Dim arrayTo... | {
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"tags": "sorting, vba, excel",
"url": null
} |
polymers, materials, nanotechnology
Another application of nanofiber polymers is their use as electrodes in fuel cells: the greater the electrodes surface area, the more efficiently they catalyze the reactions that drive the cell.
Another interersting application of polymer nanofibers is in meshes that allow only na... | {
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"tags": "polymers, materials, nanotechnology",
"url": null
} |
computer-architecture
Manufacturing modern microprocessors is a highly complex engineering challenge which requires a lot of very expensive equipment. Getting the design right in the first place requires a massive upfront investment. And the profit margin on each unit is tiny, so in order to turn a profit you also hav... | {
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"tags": "computer-architecture",
"url": null
} |
performance, sql, mysql
Sample output
For search parameters: [ '%1%', '%fakemail%', '%moon%', '%d%' ]
+----+--------+---------------+-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| id | name | phones | emails | addresses |
+----+--------+--... | {
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"id": 34319,
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"tags": "performance, sql, mysql",
"url": null
} |
python, python-2.x, networking, osx
def listen(lhost, lport, *args, **kwargs):
with Server(lhost, lport) as server:
client = server.get_client()
netcat(client, *args, **kwargs)
def connect(rhost, rport, *args, **kwargs):
server = socket.create_connection((rhost, rport))
with closing(server... | {
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"tags": "python, python-2.x, networking, osx",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, software-testing
As a programmer, I am used to writing detailed test-cases to test my programs, but the algorithm is written in pseudo-code (it is not easy to implement). What ways can you recommend for testing the algorithm? This is an excellent question: how do we know that a complex piece of mathematics... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, software-testing",
"url": null
} |
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