text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
Pose the normal equations \begin{align} \mathbf{A}^{*} \mathbf{A} x &= \mathbf{A}^{*} b \\ \left[ \begin{array}{cc} \mathbf{1} \cdot \mathbf{1} & \mathbf{1} \cdot x \\ x \cdot \mathbf{1} & x \cdot x \end{array} \right] % \left[ \begin{array}{c} a_{0} \\ a_{1} \end{array} \right] % &= % \left[ \begin{array}{c} \mathbf{1... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9999840259552002,
"tags"... |
javascript, algorithm, machine-learning
];
const tubes = [{}, {}];
const GAME_SIZE = 32;
const FLAP_SPEED = -1.4;
const TUBE_HEIGHT = 44;
const TUBE_WIDTH = 6;
const GRAVITY = 0.25;
const BIRD_WIDTH = 5;
const BIRD_HEIGHT = 3;
const BIRD_START_Y = 14;
const states = {
HO... | {
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"tags": "javascript, algorithm, machine-learning",
"url": null
} |
Finally, observe that $[0,1]$ is that standard Fibonacci sequence whose $i$th term is $f_i$, and $[1,0]$ is the "shifted" Fibonacci sequence, whose $i$th term is $f_{i-1}$. (Note that I am following the standard convention here that has $f_0 = 0$ and $f_1 = 1$; your $F_i$ seems to have $F_0 = 1$ and $F_1=1$, which is n... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8933094060543488,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 172.268803242183,
"openwebmath_score": 0.940873384475708,
"tags"... |
time-complexity, combinatorics, permutations, performance
Note: field of science "nutrigenetics" allows you to get estimates for your personal RDA goals!
A program would have to take into an account all portions between 1-100gram of foods. E.g. it would enumerate amounts of nutrients contained per 1-100g of a tomato, ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "time-complexity, combinatorics, permutations, performance",
"url": null
} |
gravity, asteroids, accretion
That's it for now. I think with this description it is clear that the whole problem is not chicken-and-egg, but if you think otherwise then please comment. | {
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"tags": "gravity, asteroids, accretion",
"url": null
} |
magnetic-fields, astrophysics, astronomy, exoplanets
I'm aware of two recent papers (Vedantham et al. 2020, Pope et al. 2020) that claim an indirect detection of an exoplanet orbiting the star GJ 1151 by 1) detecting radio emission at ~150 MHz and 2) ruling out companions of $M\sin i>5.6M_{\odot}$, theorizing that the... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "magnetic-fields, astrophysics, astronomy, exoplanets",
"url": null
} |
signal-analysis, fourier-transform, continuous-signals, dtft
$$x_2(t) = x_1(-t)= e^{-j\omega_o t} \tag{2} \label{2}$$
To convince yourself, review the Fourier Transform of $\ref{1}$ and $\ref{2}$ to see that the Fourier Transform for $\ref{1}$ is a single impulse in the positive frequency axis, where the Fourier Trans... | {
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"tags": "signal-analysis, fourier-transform, continuous-signals, dtft",
"url": null
} |
optics, geometric-optics, vision
lenses correcting the problem, but I do not know how to project the image that the lens would generate to simulate what the retina would receive from light . Researchers in this field (typically doctors studying the response of the human visual system) commonly use ray tracing programs... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "optics, geometric-optics, vision",
"url": null
} |
heat-transfer, airflow, heating-systems, heat-exchanger
Yes, both solutions would require significant insulation. The problem with the airduct, due to its larger cross-section it would require more insulation.
Looking at solutions online, there are a lot of liquid-to-air pumps, though I guess I need two pumps to 1) c... | {
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"tags": "heat-transfer, airflow, heating-systems, heat-exchanger",
"url": null
} |
fcc = Integrate[Cos[n π x] Cos[m π x], {x, 0, 1},
Assumptions -> {{n, m} ∈ Integers}]
$$\text{fcc} = \frac{m \sin (\pi m) \cos (\pi n)-n \cos (\pi m) \sin (\pi n)}{\pi m^2-\pi n^2}$$
Imposing no assumptions at all with the integral gives the same result. Hence at least in version 8 it is not necessary to proceed as ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9572778036723354,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6785317063331604,
"tag... |
javascript, jquery
<li class="secondary-item"><a href="#">P1 - Secondary 3</a>
<ul class="tertiary">
<li class="tertiary-item"><a href="#">P1 - S3 - Tertiary 1</a>
</li>
<li class="tertiary-item"><a href="#">P1 - S3 - Tertiary 2</a>
</li>
</ul>
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, hilbert-space, differentiation
The point is that in Quantum Mechanics most of the time operators are unbounded.
So in the general case, how can one define the derivative of one operator-valued function? There may be some problems in properly define the derivative for arbitrary ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, hilbert-space, differentiation",
"url":... |
gravity, newtonian-gravity, rotational-dynamics, orbital-motion, rotational-kinematics
$$
r(t)^{3/2} = r_0^{3/2} + 3\tau\sqrt{\gamma M}\left( 1 - e^{-t/2\tau}\right),
$$
from where one can easily see that the orbit radius increases as the Sun loses mass. Plugging now $M(t)$ and $r(t)$ to the orbital velocity one can s... | {
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\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{6}\EE[M_i] \leq 6 \cdot 0.16 = 0.96 < 1 \end{align}
### Computational verification
from random import sample
num_conts = 200
num_capq = 120
num_questions = 6
runs = 10000
tot_successes = 0
conts = list(range(num_conts))
questions = list(range(num_questions))
for _ in range(runs):
answers = ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.988491849579606,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619285331332,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 404.23719359452724,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9829915165901184,
"tags": nu... |
mathematics, dirac-delta-distributions
(I just know basics distribution theory) If you have some text that deals with
$$
g(x) = f(x)\delta(x-x_0),
$$
with no integration, then $g(x)$ is also a distribution, to be used only in the form
$$
\langle g, h\rangle = \int g(x) h(x) \mathrm dx= \int f(x)\delta(x-x_0) h(x) \ma... | {
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"tags": "mathematics, dirac-delta-distributions",
"url": null
} |
c#, beginner, datetime, homework, formatting
return displayHours.ToString() + ":" + displayMinutes.ToString() + " " + period;
}
One thing this doesn't address is the leading zero for minutes < 10, but this can very easily be done in a few extra lines.
It's hard to do a line-by-line comparison of this to your version,... | {
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"tags": "c#, beginner, datetime, homework, formatting",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, harmonic-oscillator, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle, mathematics
Finally, plug them into Heisenberg's relation using $\sigma_x = \sqrt{\left<x^2\right>}$ and $\sigma_p = \sqrt{\left<p^2\right>}$, then completing the square:
$$ \begin{align} \sigma_x\sigma_p &= \sqrt{\frac{\hbar}{m\omega}\left( \fr... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, harmonic-oscillator, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle, mathemat... |
c, formatting, api
*num = strtoi(str, NULL, base, INT8_MIN, INT8_MAX, &rstatus);
switch (rstatus) {
case 0:
return 0;
case ENOTSUP:
return rstatus;
case ECANCELED:
case EINVAL:
case ERANGE:
default:
return -r... | {
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"tags": "c, formatting, api",
"url": null
} |
Consider two values symmetrically placed around $$0.5$$ - like $$0.4$$ and $$0.6$$ or $$0.25$$ and $$0.75$$. Their logs are not symmetric around $$\log(0.5)$$. $$\log(0.5-\epsilon)$$ is further from $$\log(0.5)$$ than $$\log(0.5+\epsilon)$$ is. So when you average them you get something less than $$\log(0.5)$$.
Simila... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9894936680793762,
"tags"... |
## Improvement can be made to the log plots
### Improvement can be made to the log plots with qlog_10(n) = arsinh(a(n)/2) / ln 10
7.8010329675812 ${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\rm {qlog}}_{10}(F(n))\,}$
−7.8010329675812
David Wilson, [1], posting to SeqFan on Oct 13 2011:
---------- Forwarded message --------... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.628336489200592,
"tags": null,
... |
biophysics, biology, laws-of-physics
Randomness, or more particularly Quantum Randomness, plays a huge role in physics and has been studied to a great extent. We can start with Schrodinger's Cat, "a hypothetical cat may be considered simultaneously both alive and dead as a result of its fate being linked to a random ... | {
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quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, path-integral
Alternatively, if we assume that $A_0$ does not depend on time, then we can prove $|A_0|=1$ by going to the short time limit $|t_f-t_i|\to 0$. In that limit the classical action blows up, so that
$$ \frac{K(\varphi_f;\varphi_i)}{A_0\exp\left[\frac{i\delta}{2\pi}\D... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, path-integral",
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} |
c++, performance, search, simulation
Lattice lattice;
};
int main() {
std::vector<Boid> boids;
using Lattice = BinLattice<WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, NUMBER_BINS, MAX_BOIDS_PER_BIN>;
for (int i = 0; i < BOIDS; ++i) {
boids.push_back({{
static_cast<float>(rand() % WINDOW_WIDTH),
... | {
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"tags": "c++, performance, search, simulation",
"url": null
} |
particle-physics, electromagnetic-radiation, photons, quantum-electrodynamics
Title: Which particles can be described as an excitation of the electromagnetic field? In my teacher's class notes, came across this definition of light today:
Light is an excitation of the electromagnetic field, with photons being the lowe... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "particle-physics, electromagnetic-radiation, photons, quantum-electrodynamics",
... |
optics, everyday-life, reflection, dispersion
How does the thicker thinner argument reconcile with the uniform colours and almost constant widths of each colour at a slanted angle? Also the colours get repeated after some interval which would imply that thickness decreases then increases or that the angle somehow (sti... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "optics, everyday-life, reflection, dispersion",
"url": null
} |
nielsen-and-chuang, linear-algebra
Title: Verify that if $A$ and $B$ are diagonal in the same orthonormal basis, then $[A,B]=0$ This is from Nielson and Chuang's textbook "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information".
They state the Simultaneous Diagonalisation Theorem: Suppose $A$ and $B$ are Hermitian operators. The... | {
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"tags": "nielsen-and-chuang, linear-algebra",
"url": null
} |
python, database
#Returns a variable. Useful for quick counts or returning of an id, for example. Inspired by Wordpress
def get_var(self, table, columns = None, where = None, op = "AND"):
r = self.select(table, columns, where, op);
return r[0].items()[0][1] if r else None;
#Count the rows of a... | {
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"tags": "python, database",
"url": null
} |
$\displaystyle \mathop{\mathbb E}|X|^i < \infty,$
there exists a real valued discrete random variable ${Y}$ which takes no more than ${m+1}$ values in ${{\mathbb R}}$ and its first ${m}$ moments are the same as ${X}$, i.e.,
$\displaystyle (\mathbb{E}Y,\mathbb{E}(Y^2),\dots, \mathbb{E}(Y^m) )=(\mathbb{E}X,\mathbb{E}(X... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117876664789,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 11766.24440627605,
"openwebmath_score": 1.0000014305114746,... |
observable-universe, size
Title: If the whole observable Universe is as big as planet Earth, how big would Earth be? If the whole observable Universe is as big as planet Earth, how big would Earth be?
The radius of the observable Universe is 41.5billion light years (ref).
A light year is $9.5\cdot10^{12}$ km.
The rad... | {
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"tags": "observable-universe, size",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, optimization
minimum height $h$ to stack all your bricks without violating the constraint will be
$\max(\max_i(c_i), \lceil \frac{n}{Y} \rceil)$.
The idea is to go from left to right (column 1 to X) and keep pushing a brick of the same color on to the left most non-full stack. And by non-full I mean that ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, optimization",
"url": null
} |
rna-seq, sam, subread, featurecounts
Title: featureCounts segmentation fault on Arch Linux I am encountering a segmentation fault when attempting to run featureCounts from subread-1.6.3 on even small test data. I installed featureCounts from SourceForge using the precompiled Linux binary.
Most existing help threads on... | {
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"id": 741,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rna-seq, sam, subread, featurecounts",
"url": null
} |
python, game, tic-tac-toe
## Tic-tac-toe game by Mateon1
from __future__ import print_function
from itertools import chain, cycle, islice
try:
input = raw_input
range = range
except NameError:
pass
def get_shape(board):
return len(board[0]), len(board)
def prompt(question, check_func=lambda i: i.l... | {
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"tags": "python, game, tic-tac-toe",
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} |
entanglement, information-theory, linear-algebra, entanglement-negativity, partial-transpose
(A^{T_A}B^{T_A})_{(ij)(mn)} = \sum_{kl} A^{T_A}_{(ij)(kl)}B^{T_A}_{(kl)(mn)} = \sum_{kl} A_{(kj)(il)}B_{(ml)(kn)}
$$
which shows that changing the order of matrix multiplication and partial transpose affects which elements are... | {
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"tags": "entanglement, information-theory, linear-algebra, entanglement-negativity,... |
object-oriented, array, vba
Title: Array manipulation object I'm trying to write a class that simplifies the most common operations with arrays and then I want to distribute... Maybe it can help someone...
But I'm facing some problems in make the object simple to use and intuitive.
Here a summary of the public method... | {
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"tags": "object-oriented, array, vba",
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} |
javascript, object-oriented, tree, ecmascript-6
It also introduces the Fragment class, which behaves both like a tree and a branch in the fact that it can be assigned to both and have child properties.
Upon an object or primitive being assigned, it is immediately converted to a branch or a leaf, respectively.
All leav... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, object-oriented, tree, ecmascript-6",
"url": null
} |
c++, template
Code
Naming
What the code essentially performs is selective copying, so I would use selective_copy or indexwise_copy. Some people might get confused, but hopefully IDE popup with argument types will resolve it.
More fluent interface
std::list<int> char_indices =
{ 33, 4, 11, 11, 14, 52, 53, 48, 14, 1... | {
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"id": 29016,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, template",
"url": null
} |
javascript, pagination
}
else if (j == lastColumn) {
index.push({value : j, isEllipses: true});
}
else if (j == 1) {
index.push({value : j, isEllipses: false});
}
}
}
// Is middle element
else if (currentPage !== 1 || c... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 37596,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, pagination",
"url": null
} |
java, performance, android, animation
private void setColorsFromPalette(Palette palette, boolean animate) {
Palette.Swatch swatch = palette.getVibrantSwatch();
if (swatch != null) {
if (animate) {
ViewUtils.setBackgroundColorWithAnimation(itemView, mDefaultBackgroundColor, palette.getVibran... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 18536,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, performance, android, animation",
"url": null
} |
programming-languages, type-theory, type-checking, types-and-programming-languages
Title: Dynamic testing of down casts as explained in TAPL On page 195 of Pierce's TAPL book, he states that one can replace a down-cast operator by some sort of dynamic type test. Then he gives the following rules:
T-Typetest:
$\dfrac{\... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "programming-languages, type-theory, type-checking, types-and-programming-languages",
... |
java, multithreading, networking, javafx, chat
public class ChatClient extends Application {
final int PORT = 9001;
final String SERVER_ADDRESS = "localhost";
BufferedReader in;
PrintWriter out;
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void sta... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, multithreading, networking, javafx, chat",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-melodic, installation, windows10
Fetched 1715 kB in 25s (69.6 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
87 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
karl@DESKTOP-H1L55EN:/etc/apt/sources.list.d$ sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-... | {
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"id": 31978,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, installation, windows10",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, reinventing-the-wheel, pointers
// Access to smart pointer state
T* get() const {return data;}
explicit operator bool() const {return data;}
// Modify object state
T* release() noexcept
{
T* result = nullptr;
... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11, reinventing-the-wheel, pointers",
"url": null
} |
• A fifth degree polynomial has, counting multiplicities, five zeros in $\mathbb{C}$. How many zeros are determined by the given conditions? – Daniel Fischer Oct 11 '15 at 19:50
• Adding to the above comment: one needs six pieces of information to specify a fifth-degree polynomial. It looks like you're given only five ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 127.77655214644902,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7958022356033325,
"ta... |
organic-chemistry, alcohols, c-c-addition
Title: What are the products of alkene oxymercuration with diols? I was wondering what would be the product of the reaction of alkene with a diol (such as glycol) in alkoxymerucuration/demercuration, i.e. $\ce{(CF3CO2)2Hg/NaBH4}$?
I tried to look online but I couldn't land on ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "organic-chemistry, alcohols, c-c-addition",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, mole
Reaction of europium with acids
Europium metal dissolves readily in dilute sulphuric acid to form solutions containing the very pale pink aquated Eu(III) ion together with hydrogen gas, $\ce{H2}$. It is quite likely that $\ce{Eu^3+}$(aq) exists as largely the complex ion $\ce{[Eu(OH2)9]^3+}$
... | {
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"id": 5588,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, mole",
"url": null
} |
javascript, css
function toogle()
{
if (this.nextElementSibling.className === "")
{
this.nextElementSibling.className = "hide";
}
else
{
this.nextElementSibling.className = ""
}
} Yes, you should use classList. Right now you overwrite the entire className attribute of the elements. It works, but it... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 12659,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, css",
"url": null
} |
black-holes, singularities
The outgoing component of the inner horizon becomes the location of a shock wave singularity (this is the up-flying singularity of the interview). If outer (event) horizon of a black hole is a surface of infinite redshift for the external observer, the inner horizon is a surface of infinite ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "black-holes, singularities",
"url": null
} |
c#, beginner, game
Try writing your code starting from this template. Notice how clear and logical it forces your code to be when you start from a position of the code reading like an abstract description of the workflow. Make every method like this, where you can read the logical workflow right out of a half dozen ... | {
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"tags": "c#, beginner, game",
"url": null
} |
for calculating the maximum shear stress due to an applied shear force. y = 0, at the neutral axis. , The apparent viscosity of fluid ‘A’ at 20 °C is 20 Pa∙sat a shear rate of 25 s-1. " Determine the cross-sectional area of the object. 6 5 Shear Ering360. Roark shows that the maximum shear stress which is set up when a... | {
"domain": "laquintacolonna.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9865717452580315,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8133908373489247,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619220634456,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1143.035002803819,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7363621592521667,
"ta... |
machine-learning, recommender-system
Title: How to represent genre or artist name in a neural network I am writing a music recommendation system using machine learning. I'm attempting to make sense of ensemble networks to allow the system to learn from both the content-based features, as well as the global 'meta' feat... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 8507,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "machine-learning, recommender-system",
"url": null
} |
fourier, fourier-series
Title: Why can Fourier series be used on a non-repetitive function? I was just wondering why Fourier series can be used on the function in the linked image. This is since I thought the function had to repeat itself to use Fourier series on it. Or is it saying a period is from 0-5s and so it wil... | {
"domain": "dsp.stackexchange",
"id": 5019,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fourier, fourier-series",
"url": null
} |
only arises when integrating over an interval. P(Rolling a 4 on a standard die and B) = d. Worksheets are Independent and dependent events, Independent and dependent, Independent and dependent events, Independent and dependent events, Independent and dependent events, Probability of independent and dependent events, Pr... | {
"domain": "everwoodbiocostruzioni.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9871787883738261,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.80478022772877,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324960856177,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 351.12934814143114,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7463113665580... |
java, performance, beginner, formatting, complexity
/* if not a resistor entered */
if (!testLetter.equals("r")) {
if(!testLetter.equals("R")) {
/* throw exception to keep user within loop */
throw new I... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, performance, beginner, formatting, complexity",
"url": null
} |
c#, cyclomatic-complexity
The method to rule them all:
private void CalculateSolutions()
{
Solutions.Clear();
var numbers = new List<int>(4) { NumberOne, NumberTwo, NumberThree, NumberFour };
var solutions = new List<OperatorResult>(); | {
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"tags": "c#, cyclomatic-complexity",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, gravity, quantum-gravity
forces within the framework of quantum mechanics. Nonetheless, theoretical physicists have found it to be extremely difficult to construct a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates both general relativity and quantum mechanics. | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, gravity, quantum-gravity",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, field-theory, gauge-theory, higgs, symmetry-breaking
$3.$ How is it that if Lorentz invariance needs to be maintained, as in the positive definiteness of the metric of the Hilbert space has to be sacrificed? Does he refer to here covariant quantization in Lorentz gauge? A simpler discussion can b... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, field-theory, gauge-theory, higgs, symmetry-breaking",
"ur... |
c#, beginner, mysql, dapper
public static IEnumerable<T> ExecuteQueryWithParameters<T>(string Query, string ParametersArray, string ValuesArray)
{
try
{
using (MySqlConnection Connection = new MySqlConnection(ConnectionString))
{
Query = Query.Replace(Paramet... | {
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"tags": "c#, beginner, mysql, dapper",
"url": null
} |
evolution
Rightfully so, I think. I do not know of one evolutionary biologist (myself included) that has ever considered a particular trait without considering the broader evolutionary history of an organism. Indeed, considerable effort is spent by evolutionary biologists to determine how the evolutionary history of a... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "evolution",
"url": null
} |
the-moon, surface
Title: Are these parallel lines I'm seeing in this image a real pattern on the Moon? In this question I mention the GIF in EarthSky.org's Moon Phases update Lengths of lunar months in 2017. After watching it a while, I've noticed a pattern of parallel nearly vertical lines on the Moon image that's us... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 2084,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "the-moon, surface",
"url": null
} |
c++, beginner, tic-tac-toe
std::string predict_future(std::string* current_player){
std::string position;
int score;
for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++){
for (int column = 0; column < 3; column++){
if (board[row][column] != "X" && board[row][column] != "O"){
if (possible_m... | {
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"id": 42048,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, beginner, tic-tac-toe",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, cosmology, space-expansion, cosmological-inflation, dark-energy
Title: Is there any other explanation for the expansion of the universe other than dark energy? Why did the universe expand from the Big Bang singularity? If gravity was a separate force and in its current form by 1 Plank time, would n... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 62922,
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"tags": "general-relativity, cosmology, space-expansion, cosmological-inflation, dark-energ... |
python, opencv
// get contours from binary image
cv::findContours(binImg,contours,CV_RETR_TREE,CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);
// poly contours
std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point> > contours_poly(contours.size());
// bounded rectangles
std::vector<cv::Rect> boundRect(contours.size());
for (int i=0; i<contours.size(); i++) ... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 17763,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, opencv",
"url": null
} |
java, optimization, game, collections, playing-cards
playGame() Method:
private static void playGame(int players) {
int playerTurn;
int choice;
int kings=0;
Card cardDrawn;
Deck deck=new Deck();
while(true){//loop to run the game till the 4th king is drawn
playerTurn=0;
while (p... | {
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"id": 4677,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, optimization, game, collections, playing-cards",
"url": null
} |
quasars, light-curve
TFORM24 = 'K ' / format for column 24
TUNIT24 = '- ' / units for column 24
TTYPE25 = 'N_SPEC_SDSS' / label for column 25
TFORM25 = 'I ' / format for column 25 ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quasars, light-curve",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, file-system
Title: Get the total file size from a directory for each date using map and pairs I'm working on a project where the file name consists of actual dates but the data for the dates are split into multiple files.
Developed the following program to count the number of files for each date (p... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, file-system",
"url": null
} |
neuroscience, neuroanatomy, etymology
In their study of the cytoarchitecture of macaque cortex, von Bonin and Bailey ('47) labeled this region with a question mark on their section drawings but showed a photomicrograph through the region that they labeled “TEO.” | {
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"tags": "neuroscience, neuroanatomy, etymology",
"url": null
} |
keras, cross-validation, early-stopping
Title: Can the use of EarlyStopping() offset overfitting problems caused by validation_split? Keras gives users the option, while fitting a model, to split the data into train/test samples using the parameter "validation_split.
Example:
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(3, ac... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "keras, cross-validation, early-stopping",
"url": null
} |
javascript, html, dom
Do not hardcode your html element id in your function.
function Incrementer(name, value) {
/// bad
let mydiv = document.getElementById('mydiv');
}
It either needs to be sent via the parameter or accessed statically using class
class Incrementer {
/// still bad though
static target =... | {
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"id": 34933,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, html, dom",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, computational-geometry, randomized-algorithms
A relatively concise algorithm and proof is given in the paper below by Edelsbrunner and Shah which describes a flip-based algorithm that runs in expected O(n log n) time.
Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Nimish R. Shah. "Incremental topological flipping works for re... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, computational-geometry, randomized-algorithms",
"url": null
} |
python, unit-testing
FILE = Path('data.csv')
def read_data():
if not FILE.exists():
return []
with open(FILE, 'r') as f:
data = f.read()
return list(map(int, data.split()))
@click.command()
@click.option('--add', help='Adds an integer to an online database that the binary is connected t... | {
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"id": 41298,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, unit-testing",
"url": null
} |
bond, quantum-chemistry, atoms, orbitals, valence-bond-theory
So there's one bonding orbital ($\sigma$) and one anti bonding orbital ($\sigma^*$).
The energy of the orbitals will be:
$e_1 = \frac{H_{11} + H_{12}}{1 + S_{12}}$
$e_2 = \frac{H_{11} - H_{12}}{1 - S_{12}}$
You can put in some numbers and see what happens (... | {
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"tags": "bond, quantum-chemistry, atoms, orbitals, valence-bond-theory",
"url": null
} |
gazebo
#include
namespace gazebo
{
SystemClock::SystemClock()
{
this->world_created_ = false;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Destructor
SystemClock::~SystemClock()
{
event::Events::DisconnectWorldUpdateBegin(this->time_update_event_);
// Finalize t... | {
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"id": 3271,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "gazebo",
"url": null
} |
lisp, scheme, racket
(define (-tokenize-openparen first)
(if (equal? first #\()
(list #\( (read-char))
'()))
(define (-tokenize first endchar)
(if (equal? first endchar)
'()
(let ([operator (-tokenize-operator first)]
[number (-tokenize-number first)]
... | {
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"tags": "lisp, scheme, racket",
"url": null
} |
complexity-theory, graphs
However, denoting the lexicographic product by $\circ$, there is an easy proof due to Geller and Stahl that $\alpha(G \circ H) = \alpha(G)\alpha(H)$.
So you want the lexicographic product. | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, graphs",
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} |
data-science-model
Title: Counting the transition in a dataframe overtime I am stuck at a problem and am thinking how to come out of it. I want to write a code in python with dataframe as below:
data = {'Id':['a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c'],
'value':['Active', 'Notactive', 'Active', 'Superactive', 'Notactive', '... | {
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"url": null
} |
array, swift, search
But there is a better algorithm: Instead of two nested loops it suffices to increment the end index if the current sum is too small, and to increment the start index if the current sum is too large. The current sum is always kept up to date by incrementing or decrementing it accordingly:
func suba... | {
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"tags": "array, swift, search",
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homework-and-exercises
Title: Concept of the working of friction? I have been trying to solve the exercises of HC Verma- Concepts of Physics. Can't understand the solution of one of the questions on friction.
Question
The friction coefficient between an a pair of shoes and the ground is 0.90. Suppose a superman wears ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, reinforcement-learning
Do you want to know if a customer will buy a specific product according to some characteristics (features) of them? Then you have a prediction problem. You could possibly represent each customer with a set of features and try to predict if they will buy a product by training a ... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, reinforcement-learning",
"url": null
} |
c#, algorithm, strings
Can you see why?
The basic structure of your code is good. That is, the part that effectively goes
var maxCount = 0;
foreach (var c in input)
{
// TODO: Count occurrences of c in input.
maxCount = Math.Max(count, maxCount);
}
return maxCount;
Now how to we complete that TODO? Using Ind... | {
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"tags": "c#, algorithm, strings",
"url": null
} |
ros2, foxy, launch
Title: ROS2 parameters file and launch argument override I am using ROS2 foxy. I would like to launch a node with a set of default parameters in a .yaml file and add support for launch argument to override such parameters.
Default parameters:
/imu:
ros__parameters:
spi_dev: "/de... | {
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"url": null
} |
i = 0 to n insert A[i] into Bucket[A[i]] end for for i = 0 to n - 1 Sort Bucket B[i] using insertion sort end for end for end BucketSort Complexity. The time complexity of heap sort in worst case is. Test Yourself #1. So the upshot with counting sort is that, if you're willing to assume that datas are integers bounded ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9811668657039606,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8280019050521553,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8438950947024555,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 998.6157899837536,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4209200143814087,
"tags": ... |
ros, remap, ros-kinetic, realsense-camera
Comment by jcgarciaca on 2018-10-23:
...
/my_namespace/camera/color/image_raw/compressed/parameter_descriptions
/my_namespace/camera/color/image_raw/compressed/parameter_updates
/my_namespace/camera/color/image_raw/compressedDepth
/my_namespace/camera/color/image_raw/compresse... | {
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"tags": "ros, remap, ros-kinetic, realsense-camera",
"url": null
} |
mass-energy, quantum-chromodynamics, protons, binding-energy, strong-force
Now onto the question, what fraction of this total net binding energy can be considered as the potential energy of the gluon field between quarks and the gluons themselves, and what percentage can be considered to be in the kinetic energy of th... | {
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"tags": "mass-energy, quantum-chromodynamics, protons, binding-energy, strong-force",
"ur... |
special-relativity, coordinate-systems, group-theory, inertial-frames, lorentz-symmetry
\begin{align}
&\mathrm{R}\boldsymbol{=}\Lambda\cdot\mathrm{L}^{\boldsymbol{-1}}\boldsymbol{=}
\nonumber\\
&\begin{bmatrix}
\hphantom{-}\cosh\!\xi & \hphantom{-}0 & \hphantom{-}0 &-\sinh\!\xi\vphantom{\dfrac{a}{b}}\\
\hpha... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, coordinate-systems, group-theory, inertial-frames, lorentz-sym... |
I don't understand how sitting around a circular table and sitting in seven chairs are different. Could somebody explain it please?
• Since the table is circular, the arrangement $1234567$ and $2345671$ are considered to be same, contrary to what happened in the case of linear arrangments. Can you now find it why is i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7284843325614929,
"tag... |
swift
Coordinators
You should split your Coordinator protocol into a abstract coordinator protocol and a protocol for the project coordinator. Like this each child coordinator you add to your ProjectCoordinator also needs to have a moveToDetail() method. This is probably not what you want.
Passing the factory to the r... | {
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} |
electric-circuits
The circuit breaker is supposed to quickly respond to excessive current and disconnect the mains, but if it does not then the lights in the houses served by the same transformer will all suddenly go dim, as the low resistance hogs the power from the transformer.
Meanwhile, the incandescent arc will e... | {
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"tags": "electric-circuits",
"url": null
} |
digital-communications, estimation, ofdm, equalization, equalizer
Thank you For a SISO channel, assuming you have estimated channel coefficients for each sub-carrier $k$, the MMSE equalizer is
$$
\hat{h}_k=\frac{h_k^*}{|h_k|^2 + \frac{N_0}{\sigma_x^2}}
$$
So you can see already there is a multiplication in the numerat... | {
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"url": null
} |
Example: $W = 632541$. The final result is $S = 652134$, which corresponds to the permutation $143625$. We can see that $S(1)$ is correct since $W$ satisfies the conditions of Lemma 4. We have $t_r = 3$ and $W(t_r) = 2, W(t_{r+1}) = 5$. We see that indeed $W(S(5)) = 2$ instead of $5$.
Theorem 2. If $W$ contains $312$ ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744695262775,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 288.66424574615604,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8489747643470764,
"ta... |
Whenever you can, relate the problem to a known category of familiar problems.
Here, you can treat it the way you compute poker probabilities:
We want $3-2$ of a kind, so numerator will be [Choose kinds] $\times$ [Choose balls from each kind]
$Pr = \dfrac{\dbinom31\dbinom21 \times \dbinom73\dbinom72}{\dbinom{21}5}$
... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.970239907775086,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8106194640251734,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835309589073,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 167.98527098208308,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8486316800117493,
"tag... |
python, machine-learning, clustering
# Initiate a distance matrix
distance_m = np.tile(centers.flatten(), (X.shape[0],1))
# Duplicate data matrix to same dimension as distance matrix
X_m = np.tile(X, (centers.shape[0]))
if self.h_params["dist_f"] == "L2_norm":
# Complete t... | {
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"tags": "python, machine-learning, clustering",
"url": null
} |
quantum-fourier-transform
(Image Source, with $\vert \tilde d \rangle=\text{qubit 0}$, $\vert \tilde c \rangle=\text{qubit 1}$, ..., $\vert + \rangle = x$)
In a single counting sequence from $\vert \tilde 0 \rangle$ to $\vert \tilde {16} = \tilde 0 \, (\text{mod} \, \tilde {16}) \rangle$ the qubits associated with $\v... | {
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"tags": "quantum-fourier-transform",
"url": null
} |
observational-astronomy, the-moon, night-sky, atmospheric-effects
The reason that the effects are worse at the blue end of the spectrum is that the presence of the Moon has a greater effect (because scattering is stronger) on the dark sky surface brightness, increasing it by the equivalent of about 4 magnitudes (per s... | {
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"url": null... |
navigation, mapping, rviz, nodes, hector-mapping
Originally posted by koenlek with karma: 432 on 2014-02-18
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 2
Original comments
Comment by alex.filgueira on 2014-02-18:
Thanks, I thought that these files were equals to files.py etc. | {
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} |
machine-learning
*Note:
1- With x_1 centered cube 2 points: x_1 & x_2 lie inside the cube; same for x_2 centered cube. However for x_1 only one point x_1 lies in the cube - out of total of 3 points.
2- d|a, b| gives distance between points a, b.
3- for a large collection of data points and cubes of small sides (h), w... | {
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} |
quantum-mechanics, operators, hilbert-space
$$Q(t_1)|q_1;t_1\rangle=q_1|q_1;t_1\rangle$$
We have no idea how $Q(t)$ acts on $|q_1;t_1\rangle$ for times $t\neq t_1$.
So, is it then possible to view the transition amplitude as the probability amplitude that if I act on $|q_1;t_1\rangle$ with $Q(t_2)$ I will find $q_2$? ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators, hilbert-space",
"url": null
} |
c#, x86, simd, .net-5
public Bitmap Apply(Bitmap bmp)
{
int width = bmp.Width;
int height = bmp.Height;
int pixelsCount = width * height;
byte[] buffer = new byte[pixelsCount];
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(Point.Empty, bmp.Size);
Bitmap... | {
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"tags": "c#, x86, simd, .net-5",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, complexity-theory, time-complexity, primes
Title: Is Mersenne primality testing necessarily EXPTIME? The computational complexity of primality testing is usually specified in relation to the bit length of the number being tested.
However, Mersenne numbers have the special property that the characterizing i... | {
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} |
where we have used a well-known identity, $\sum_{i=0}^N \binom{N}{i}^2 = \binom{2N}{N}$.
b) First, let's continue a) by finding $P(X > Y)$ and $P(X \geq Y)$.
By symmetry, $P(X < Y) = P(Y < X)$. Then
$1 = P(X < Y) + P(X=Y) + P(X >Y) = P(X=Y) + 2 P(X>Y)$
so
$P(X>Y) = (1/2) [1 - P(X=Y)] = (1/2) \left(1 - \binom{2N}{N} (1... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.824461928533133,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 340.60271409578843,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8554474115371704,
"tag... |
example of diagonal matrix | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 245.51364109745063,
"openwebmath_score": 0.904793918132782,
"tags... |
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