text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
Scatter plot of a nonlinear relationship. Notice that the slope of the plotted line is not constant; it can be evaluated only for a given point on the curved line. Each point on the graph represents a single (X, Y) pair. Practice identifying the types of associations shown in scatter plots. This website uses cookies to... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.817154180037163,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8519528000888386,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.2882913053035736,
"tags": null,
"... |
neuroscience, neuroanatomy, neurology
Title: Is it possible to temporarily paralyze someone through the use of electric signals or focused ultrasound? I've been reading about how it is possible to send signals to the brain using focused ultrasound or electrical impulses. It is possible to make someone see a certain sh... | {
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"tags": "neuroscience, neuroanatomy, neurology",
"url": null
} |
$$\begin{array}{ccccc|c} A & B & C & D & 32-(A+B+C+D) & 32 \\ E & F & G & H & 43-(E+F+G+H) & 43 \\ I & J & K & L & 33-(I+J+K+L) & 33 \\ 24-(A+E+I) & 18-(B+F+J) & 37-(C+G+K) & 27-(D+H+L) & -83+\left(\begin{array}{l} A+B+C+D+ \\ E+F+G+H+ \\ I+J+K+L \\ \end{array} \right) & 23 \\ \hline 24 & 18 & 37 & 27 & 25 & 131\\ \end... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424411924673,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 189.52443965789737,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8904001116752625,
"tag... |
orbit, the-sun, earth
The CSPICE libraries assume that the Gregorian
calendar reformation occurred on 4 October 1582
(meaning the day after 4 October 1582 was 15 October
1582). Looking at these lines:
SOL -13191695511.794357 A.D. 1581-12-11 20:07:27
EQU -13183992131.003845 A.D. 1582-03-10 23:57:07
SOL -1317595125... | {
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"tags": "orbit, the-sun, earth",
"url": null
} |
php, authentication, active-directory, ldap
Title: LDAP Login Script This is my first time ever having code peer reviewed! This is just the main function I'm concerned about.
Edit
Apologies for the initial vagueness of my question, this is the "login" part of my login script the classes is initial instantiated on the... | {
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"tags": "php, authentication, active-directory, ldap",
"url": null
} |
structural-engineering, structural-analysis, strength
Title: Calculating break point (bend) of a material I'm trying to compare a really tough polyurethane to baltic birch plywood to see if I can use it instead (a lot of subtractive processes to the plywood, want to eliminate it)
So what i'm looking for is how much we... | {
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"tags": "structural-engineering, structural-analysis, strength",
"url": null
} |
java, object-oriented, game, tic-tac-toe
TicTacToeGame.java
package com.sirpython.tictactoe;
public class TicTacToeGame {
public final int MIN_SPACE = 0;
public final int MAX_SPACE = 8;
private final int[][] winConditions = { {0,1,2}, {3,4,5}, {6,7,8}, {0,3,6}, {1,4,7}, {2,5,8}, {0,4,8}, {2,4,6} };
p... | {
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"tags": "java, object-oriented, game, tic-tac-toe",
"url": null
} |
A more general sum can be bounded as follows:
$$\int_0^{n+1} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 x + 1}} dx \leq \sum_{k=0}^n \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 k + 1}} \leq 1 + \int_0^n \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 x + 1}}dx$$
or, computing the integrals
$$\sqrt{2 n + 3} -1 \leq \sum_{k=0}^n\frac{1}{\sqrt{2 k + 1}} \leq \sqrt{2 n + 1}.$$
The second inequality is... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.973236083984375,
"tags... |
electrostatics, potential
Title: Equidistant Equipotential Surfaces? I was reading my textbook where it is written that equipotential surfaces due to a point charge are not equidistant as electric field is non uniform and is inversely proportional to square of the distance from charge.
I do not understand this. What I... | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, potential",
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} |
python, performance, python-2.x, random, dice
def turn_score(player):
total_score = 0
nb_dice = DEFAULT_DICE_NUMBER
while True:
dice = roll(nb_dice)
print "\n{0} rolls the dice and gets {1}.".format(player, dice)
rolling_score, nb_dice = score(dice)
if rolling_score == 0:
... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, python-2.x, random, dice",
"url": null
} |
c#, parsing, compiler, lexical-analysis
Title: Compiler Tokenizer implementation in C# - follow-up I have posted this question 2 days ago and got amazing feedback on it.
Hands back to the keyboard, I believe I took the suggestions into account and improved the classes drastically. In this question, would love further ... | {
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Here is an example one step transition matrix, for p = 0.6, n = 11, k = 3, which results in g = 3.
• Great. Yes, this agrees with observations... By the by, do you recommend any books to learn (relatively) advanced probability? I hadn't met the use of Markov Chains like this before. Apr 18 '16 at 7:02
• @Kristian D'Am... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 644.4102924561752,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7503558993339539,
"tags... |
combinatorics, strings
Title: How many segmentations are possible for a string length N? I have a string with length N. I would like to know how many segmentations are possible to it.
Consider the example abcdc the number of N = 5
All possible segmentations are
['abcdc']
['abcd', 'c']
['abc', 'dc']
['abc', 'd', 'c']... | {
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"tags": "combinatorics, strings",
"url": null
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# Why Isn’t Slope Run Over Rise?
Definitions are interesting in several ways. Sometimes they are essentially arbitrary; other times there is a very good reason for them, and understanding that reason can be helpful in understanding and using them. But they are usually taught just as something to memorize. Let’s think ... | {
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c, reinventing-the-wheel
p is not supported ...
"because it is machine dependent" is more like "implementation dependent". Code could simply convert the void * argument to unsigned long and print that with "0x%lX" when the sizeof(void *) <= sizeof(unsigned long). A deeper alternative would use a union of void * and... | {
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"tags": "c, reinventing-the-wheel",
"url": null
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It can also be done with polar coordinates: take $u=1-r^2\sin^2 t$. Then $du=-2r^2\sin t\cos t\,dt$, and then \begin{align} \int_0^1\int_0^{\pi/2}\frac {r^2\cos t\sin t}{\sqrt {1-r^2\sin ^2t}}\,r\,dt\,dr &=-\frac12\int_0^1\int_1^{1-r^2}u^{-1/2}{r}\,du\,dr\\ \ \\ &=\int_0^1r\int_{1-r^2}^1\left.u^{1/2}\right|_{1-r^2}^1\,... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339736884711,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 461.77200962700937,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9997619986534119,
"ta... |
condensed-matter, many-body, quantum-hall-effect
As far as I know, the above wavefunction is treated as the definition of (F)QH ground state. But then we found it when there is no neutralizing background potential present. Why is neutralizing background not important in finding the ground state? If the background char... | {
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"tags": "condensed-matter, many-body, quantum-hall-effect",
"url": null
} |
Jiří Matoušek's book, Using the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem, gives applications of a topological theorem (that for every continuous map $f\colon\mathbf S_n\to\mathbf R^n$, there exists a point $x\in\mathbf S_n$ such that $f(x)=f(-x)$) to geometry and combinatorics.
• I think the question was about applications to algebra. Jul... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8028903291647906,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199572530448,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 253.8010377215201,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8908846974372864,
"tags... |
optics, interference
Title: Which are the rays that form the fringes in wedge shaped film and Newton's rings? While reading interference by the division of amplitude, I came across this doubt. Different sources seem to hint towards different answers. First, in wedge-shaped film, in the book Optics by Ajoy Ghatak, p210... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "optics, interference",
"url": null
} |
mathematical-physics, differential-geometry, resource-recommendations, mathematics, supergravity
Title: Kähler and complex manifolds I was wondering if anyone knows any good references concerning Kähler manifolds and complex manifolds? I am studying supergravity theories and for the simplest $\mathcal{N}=1$ supergravi... | {
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"id": 11223,
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"tags": "mathematical-physics, differential-geometry, resource-recommendations, mathematics... |
ros, ros-melodic, rosbag, ubuntu, pcd
cloud.h
#include "cloud.h"
#ifndef CLOUD_H
#define CLOUD_H
#include <iostream>
#include <pcl/io/pcd_io.h>
#include <pcl/point_types.h>
#include <sensor_msgs/PointCloud2.h>
#include <string>
class Cloud
{
public:
void readPCloud(std::string filename);
sensor_msgs::PointC... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, rosbag, ubuntu, pcd",
"url": null
} |
parsing, regex, rust, natural-language-processing
util.rs
extern crate regex;
use regex::Regex;
pub fn string_span_tokenize(s: &str, sep: &str) -> Result<Vec<(usize, usize)>, String> {
if sep.len() == 0 {
Err(String::from("Error! Separator has a length of 0!"))
} else {
// TODO: we'll likely w... | {
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"tags": "parsing, regex, rust, natural-language-processing",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetic-radiation, estimation, electronics, shock-waves
Title: Would a major electromagnetic pulse (EMP) leave most cars operable? According to C. Davis of the Ask a Prepper blog, after a major electromagnetic pulse:
Most electronics will be fried beyond repair and it will be years – in some cases decades – b... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetic-radiation, estimation, electronics, shock-waves",
"url": null
} |
c, stack, statistics
Title: A C stack with minimum and maximum values I have this C stack implementation that knows its minimum and maximum values:
minmax_stack.h
#ifndef NET_CODERODDE_UTIL_MINMAX_STACK
#define NET_CODERODDE_UTIL_MINMAX_STACK
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct minmax_stack_node {
void* datum;
... | {
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"tags": "c, stack, statistics",
"url": null
} |
image-processing, algorithms
Title: How to compute an old style shore line drawing? I wish to represent a shore line, old-style, as in the following image (city on the left, water on the right):
UPDATE: new image for another example of what I'm after, namely the thin lines (given the thick lines). [Credit: https://ww... | {
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"tags": "image-processing, algorithms",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, calculator
print(f"Area of Sector = {sector_area}")
print(f"Area of inner Triangle = {triangle_area}")
print(f"Arc Length = {arc_length}")
print(f"Chord Area = {chord_area}")
print(f"Chord Length = {chord_length}")
print(f"Sector Perimeter = {perimeter_sector}")
print()
... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, calculator",
"url": null
} |
haskell, reinventing-the-wheel
Title: Implementing Haskell#lines Learn You a Haskell shows the lines function:
It takes a string and returns every line of that string in a separate list.
Example:
>lines' "HELLO\nWORLD\nHOWAREYOU"
["HELLO","WORLD","HOWAREYOU"]
Here's my implementation:
lines' :: String -> [String]
... | {
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"tags": "haskell, reinventing-the-wheel",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, electromagnetism, newtonian-mechanics, magnetic-fields
Title: Movement of the particle in a magnetic field This is the numerical question.
A particle having a mass of 0.05 mg carries a charge of $5\times10^{-6}C$. The particle is given an initial horizontal velocity of 5000 m/s, what is the m... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electromagnetism, newtonian-mechanics, magnetic-fields",
... |
quantum-optics, intensity, quantum-measurements
\end{equation}
Then
\begin{equation}
\text{tr}\left\{\hat{n}(\mathbf{x}_0) \hat{\rho}(\mathbf{x}_0)\right\}
= \sum_{N=0}^{\infty} \exp\left(-|\alpha|^2\right) \frac{|\alpha|^{2N}}{{N!}} N |\psi(\mathbf{x}_0)|^2
= |\alpha\psi(\mathbf{x}_0)|^2 .
\end{equation}
This result ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-optics, intensity, quantum-measurements",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization
What am I missing? Many thanks in advance for the explanation!
Edit
According to the additional comments in Adam's answer, now I understand that the functional derivative of effective action is not proportional to the derivative of effective potential:
$$iD^{-1}(x,y)=\frac{\delta^... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, renormalization",
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ros, ecto
Title: ecto installation fails on 'git submodule update'
Hello,
A few months ago I was able to install ecto on an Ubuntu 10.04 machine. Now I'm trying again on a new machine (Ubuntu 11.04) using the instructions found here. The first three steps go OK, but then I get the following error when running 'git ... | {
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"tags": "ros, ecto",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++14
accounts = std::move(load);
}
oid reportError()
{
std::cerr << "Unrecognized user input\n";
std::cerr << "Flushing Input stream\n";
std::cin.clear();
cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
}
void openAccount()
{
// Get user input
// Bank::openAccount(userInput... | {
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#### 1 comment thread
As written, (2') can never br true (2 comments)
+1
−0
A counterexample would be the set $S=\{0,1,2\}$ with the topologies $\mathcal T = \{\emptyset, \{0\}, \{0,1\}, S\}$and $\mathcal T' = \{\emptyset,\{0\},S\}$. Clearly $\mathcal T'$ is not finer than $\mathcal T$.
Now $\mathcal T$ is generate... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6648076176643372,
"tags": nul... |
The first Borel-Cantelli lemma yields $$\mathbb P\left(\limsup_{n\to\infty}|X_n|>n\right)=0.$$ As for each $n$ $$\{|X_n|>n\}\subset \bigcup_{k=n}^\infty \{|X_k|>k\},$$ it follows that \begin{align} 0&=\mathbb P\left(\bigcap_{n=1}^\infty\bigcup_{k=n}^\infty \{|X_k|>k\}\right) \\&=\mathbb P\left(\lim_{n\to\infty}\bigcup_... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9706877726405083,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8398624375516373,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8652240825770432,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1239.2350335219935,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9833565950393677,
"ta... |
navigation, move-base, amcl
<!-- Start the Motorcontrol -->
<param name="run_id" value="test1" />
<env name="ROS_LOG_DIR" value="$(find EposManager)/logs" />
<rosparam command="load" file="$(find EposManager)/params/Left_Motor.yaml" ns="motors/Left_Motor" />
<rosparam command="load" file="$... | {
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classical-mechanics
As seen in this picture, the blocks hold the weight of the string of pipe. Now he told us that if the pipe get stuck in the hole (maybe it snags something or the hole caves in), that we lose all of our mechanical advantage. He said that is why the weight indicator will shoot up and go back down aft... | {
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J: Jack is a truth teller
E: Emily is a truth teller
$$\neg(J \lor E)$$
Would you agree?
• More simply...If Jack is a liar then his statement is True, a contradiction! Hence he must be a truth teller. But then... – lulu Sep 27 '16 at 22:55
• your inititial formula is wrong (you don't mention that Jack is the one wh... | {
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# Number of closed walks on an $n$-cube
Is there a known formula for the number of closed walks of length (exactly) $r$ on the $n$-cube? If not, what are the best known upper and lower bounds?
Note: the walk can repeat vertices.
-
Yes (assuming a closed walk can repeat vertices). For any finite graph $G$ with adja... | {
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We see that the second term is simply the price at time $t$ of a call option on $S$ expiring at $T_1$ with strike $K' = e^{-r(T_2-T_1)}K$.
Furthermore, we know that:
$$p_{T_1} = \mathbb{E}_Q \left[ e^{-r(T_2 - T_1)} (K - S_{T_2}) | \mathcal{F}_{T_1} \right]$$
So the first term can be seen as:
$$\mathbb{E}_Q \left[ ... | {
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bash, linux, awk
Title: Bash script wallpaper randomizer I thought it would be fun to write a simple and small bash script which randomly chooses a wallpaper from a given directory of a set of wallpaper images. The code is as follows.
#!/bin/bash
# simple script to choose random image from
# Wallpaper directory and s... | {
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The weighted average (or weighted mean, as statisticians like to call it) is easy to compute in SAS by using either PROC MEANS or PROC UNIVARIATE. What is the uncertainty of the weighted average? What's the correct procedure to find the uncertainty of the average?. I am trying to take 4 different sets of data and creat... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8519527982093668,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.78596127033233... |
complexity-theory, np-complete, reductions, complexity-classes
Title: Types of reductions and associated definitions of hardness Let A be reducible to B, i.e., $A \leq B$. Hence, the Turing machine accepting $A$ has access to an oracle for $B$. Let the Turing machine accepting $A$ be $M_{A}$ and the oracle for $B$ be ... | {
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"tags": "complexity-theory, np-complete, reductions, complexity-classes",
"url": null
} |
quantum-state, entanglement
Title: What is the definition of genuine entanglement? I can't seem to find a definition for genuine entanglement but it is being used in an article I'm reading and the references inside but I'm unable to find the precise definition.
One thing I was able to get to the bottom of is "So far, ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-state, entanglement",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, orbital-motion, satellites
Title: Questions on the movie Gravity (2013) To start off, I'm not a physicist but a programmer, and only had a few years of physics education in high school so I'm sorry if I'm asking a stupid question.
I just finished watching the movie Gravity (2013)... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, angular-momentum, orbital-motion, satellites",
"url": null
... |
digital-communications
Title: pulse shaping concept I'm a little confused about pulse shaping
I know that pulse shaping is a filter used to convert a signal that needs to be transmitted from a rectangular pulse signal into a signal that similar to Sinc.
But how can this filter be split between the transmitter, channel... | {
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Since my example given in a comment to Zev Chonoles's answer and adapted from it, due to some reason, does not display properly now, I repeat it here.
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\hline&\zeta (3)&\zeta (2)\\\hline\sigma&3+4\ln(1+4\sqrt{2})&2+5\ln\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)\\\hline\tau&-3+4\ln(1+\sqrt{2})&-2+5\ln\le... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8757869916479466,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6171692609786987,
"tags... |
electricity, electric-circuits, electric-current
I was wearing flip flops from the time I stripped off my neoprene wet suit at the car until the time I started getting shocked (my wife was wearing Birkenstocks).
I had been snorkeling for about an hour in the Pacific Ocean wearing a full body wet-suit, booties, and gl... | {
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"tags": "electricity, electric-circuits, electric-current",
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} |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields
The z-component of the electron magnetic moment is:
$${\displaystyle ({\boldsymbol {\mu }}_{\text{s}})_{z}=-g_{\text{s}}\mu _{\text{B}}m_{\text{s}}}$$
where $m_s$ is the spin quantum number. Note that $μ$ is a negative constant multiplied by the spin, so the magnetic moment is antip... | {
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python, python-3.x, network-file-transfer
def get_free_space(directory: APath) -> int:
return psutil.disk_usage(str(directory)).free
class Backup:
def __init__(self, path: pathlib.Path) -> None:
self.path = path.resolve()
def exists(self) -> bool:
return self.path.exists()
de... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, network-file-transfer",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, operators, hamiltonian, commutator, time-evolution
$$\begin{align}
[e^{-i\mathcal{O}_1x_1},e^{-i\mathcal{O}_2x_2}]&=e^{-i(\mathcal{O}_1x_1+\mathcal{O}_2x_2-\frac{i}{2}[\mathcal{O}_1,\mathcal{O}_2]x_1x_2+\cdots)}-e^{-i(\mathcal{O}_1x_1+\mathcal{O}_2x_2+\frac{i}{2}[\mathcal{O}_1,\mathcal{O}_2]x_1x_2+\... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators, hamiltonian, commutator, time-evolution",
"url": n... |
c#, unit-testing, error-handling, comparative-review, moq
Title: Unit tests for testing error codes Both unit tests pass and they both test the same thing. The production code uses the right error codes.
System Under Test (SUT)
public interface IRepository {
string GetParameter(int id);
}
public class Repository ... | {
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finite-impulse-response, decimation, group-delay
In the structure of a moving average filter followed by a down sampler, the group delay does not dictate which sample you pick. In the OP's example of a 5 sample moving average, the group delay is indeed two samples as the OP has stated, so a sampled sine wave for examp... | {
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"tags": "finite-impulse-response, decimation, group-delay",
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javascript
Title: Class to automatically create Valve VDM files by timestamps I'm currently working on a project which should create VDM files. Here's a basic example:
demoactions
{
"1"
{
factory "SkipAhead"
name "skip"
starttick "1"
skiptotick "3623"
}
"2"
{
... | {
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ros, callback, roscpp, nodehandle, spinonce
Originally posted by cpagravel on ROS Answers with karma: 156 on 2017-04-20
Post score: 1
Recursively calling spinOnce() can be dangerous. You might end up calling your TimerCallback() recursively, particularly with the timer's duration being so short.
As an alternative to ... | {
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automotive-engineering, deformation, wheels
Lastly, with the above equations, you'll probably still have an issue with jittering around $V=0$ in a numerical simulation. Instead of using simply switching direction of force with the sign of velocity ($F_r*sign(V)$), try multiplying the force by $tahn(\beta V)$ instead, ... | {
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"tags": "automotive-engineering, deformation, wheels",
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eigenpairs:
eigenvalue: 1.0; eigenvector: [-2.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000]
eigenvalue: 0.5; eigenvector: [-0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000]
eigenvalue: 0.49999999999999994; eigenvector: [-0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000]
Note: Every non-zero vector is an eigenvector of the identity matrix with eigenvalue 1.
Eigen Decomposi... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245973817158,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 728.6994757688325,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9852852821350098,
"tags": null,
... |
algorithms, shortest-path, greedy-algorithms
Task - Find the shortest time path such that the delivery boy meets SLA for maximum number of orders. The best path is the one where SLA is met for all orders..
I think it will be better if I start with a couple of variations.. Use these variations in dry runs and gather so... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, shortest-path, greedy-algorithms",
"url": null
} |
slam, navigation, rviz, gmapping
Title: slam in gmapping auto turnaround
I make a experiment as follow.
1、the robot is static.
2、provide corridor laser information like this:
3、suppose the robot move following x-axis from (0, 0) as a speed 0.2m/s, and provide the odom data to simulate the process. In this case, the ... | {
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"tags": "slam, navigation, rviz, gmapping",
"url": null
} |
# Largest consecutive integer using basic operations and optimal digits?
If you are first time reading this, you may want to read the summary section last.
## Solution summary and questions
Sequence values
If the allowed operations are $$(+,-,\times,\div)$$ and parentheses $$(\space)$$, then the $$f(n)$$ is the num... | {
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javascript, strings, unit-testing, regex
Now, to your code!
In the unit tests, you have a lot of duplication in defining text, search, replace, expected, and actual in every test. I believe it helps the readability to drop text, search, and replace as I did in the new tests shown above. You could further reduce the a... | {
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"tags": "javascript, strings, unit-testing, regex",
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} |
nmr-spectroscopy, spin
Title: NMR - coupling of chemically equivalent protons In Klein's Organic Chemistry 3rd Edition page 671, it states
This observation, called the n + 1 rule, only applies when all of the neighboring protons are chemically equivalent to each other.
However, in the following page, it states
Equi... | {
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"tags": "nmr-spectroscopy, spin",
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rosdep, ros-electric
[sudo] password for joq:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
python-qt4 is already the newest version.
python-qt4-dev is already the newest version.
python-sip-dev is already the newest version.
libgenrunner-dev is already the newest ver... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rosdep, ros-electric",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electric-circuits, electric-current, electromagnetic-induction
Title: Why is the EMF induced? Suppose I have an infinite wire and close by I place a loop which has increasing current. The wire and the loop is fixed . Now an emf will be induced in the infinite wire which in turn induces a current to o... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, electric-circuits, electric-current, electromagnetic-induction",... |
python, beginner, programming-challenge, python-3.x
Title: Project Euler Problem 11: largest product of 4 adjacent numbers I am a fairly beginner-level programmer, and I have been working through the Project Euler Puzzles. I am currently on Problem #11, which asks to find the largest product of four consecutive number... | {
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"tags": "python, beginner, programming-challenge, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
space, observational-astronomy
Title: How was this dot identified as a mystery planet originally (Pluto in this case)? I was watching a documentary on a mission to study Pluto. At 21:11, an image is presented with an arrow mark pointing a small dot which is now identified as Pluto.
As there are hundreds of dots on the... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "space, observational-astronomy",
"url": null
} |
ros, kinect, face-recognition, face-detection
Title: pi_face_tracker installation problem
Hi, I am running Ubuntu 10.04 and ROS Diamondback.
Following the instructions of Patrick Goebel's pi_face_tracker available here, I get stuck compiling the pi_vision stack. From what I understand, the dependency arbotix_python o... | {
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"tags": "ros, kinect, face-recognition, face-detection",
"url": null
} |
paleoclimatology, isotopic
Title: Verification statistic for ice core temperature reconstructions 1 Do ice core temperature reconstruction studies have a calibration step, or is the relationship between Oxygen-18 and mean global temperature considered linear enough that this is not required?
2 Irrespective of whether ... | {
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"tags": "paleoclimatology, isotopic",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, energy, everyday-life, biophysics
Title: Why does running spend more energy than walking? The study energy expenditure of walking and running concludes that running spends more energy than walking.
My understanding is that although running makes one feel more tired, that only indicates that the po... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, energy, everyday-life, biophysics",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, lamb-shift
Title: How does one derive the Lamb shift for the Hydrogen atom? I've been perusing my copies of Srednicki and Peskin & Schroeder, and I can't seem to find an explanation of how one derives the Lamb shift that I can follow.
How does one derive the Lamb shift? What order in perturbation... | {
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ros, catkin-make, ar-kinect, ar-pose, rosmake
Am I doing anything wrong? I'm new with ROS and I need to make this work soon.
--EDIT 1:
I also tried to build the package ar_kinect using rosmake ar_kinect, but I get the following error:
[ rosmake ] rosmake starting...
[ r... | {
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"tags": "ros, catkin-make, ar-kinect, ar-pose, rosmake",
"url": null
} |
computational-chemistry
Title: Extended Hückel method: what are the atomic orbital energies usually used? I was checking out an extended Hückel (non-iterative) code, and realised that for s-block elements it would be impossible to simply use atomic ionisation energies as an approximation to the orbital potential energ... | {
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"tags": "computational-chemistry",
"url": null
} |
– Joe
Dec 23 '20 at 18:49
• @chaad Here is a plot of $\log(x^2+x)$ versus $\log(x^2)$. (I used the base-$10$ logarithm here, but any is fine.) Because we are using a more 'reasonable' scale, the two graphs are actually coming together, not going apart. Logarithmic scales are in many ways preferable, since they don't em... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9802808701643912,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.869709688219265,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8872045907347108,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 155.02156073619918,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8244909644126892,
"tag... |
kinetic-theory, viscosity
The gas is in a steady state, and momentum is being transferred. This means that a steady horizontal force on the top plate is required, and an equal and opposite force on the bottom plate. Each layer of gas receives momentum from above, and transfers the same momentum to the layer below it... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "kinetic-theory, viscosity",
"url": null
} |
# Holomorphic functions
I was told an analytic complex functions has the same derivation value at z0 (random point) however you approach z0. The cauchy riemann eq. shows that z0 has the same derivate value from 2 directions, perpendicular to each other. However, at least some real functions can have the same derivate ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9802808762133081,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8190085297979744,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835330070839,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 326.3042308117833,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8504202961921692,
"tag... |
dna-sequencing, blast
Title: Primer Design With Primer-BLAST I am trying to design primers for sanger sequencing snp detection. In the past I have used Primer-BLAST, but I'm trying to pick up KRAS codon 12 mutations. The problem is that in Primer-BLAST you specify refseq gene ID and so it doesn't seem to design primer... | {
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"id": 3858,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "dna-sequencing, blast",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, inertial-frames, lorentz-symmetry
$$
then since $B_{ij}=B_{ji} ,$ I get
$$
\sinh^2\left(\theta\right) = 0
\quad\Rightarrow\quad
\theta=0
\quad\Rightarrow\quad
v=0
\,.
$$
That would mean, that it is not possible to express two subsequent boosts in $x\text{-}$ and $y\text{-}$ direction as a combined ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "special-relativity, inertial-frames, lorentz-symmetry",
"url": null
} |
This leaves the case where # is in x. Since |vxy| <= p and k > p, v is a substring of $0^k1$ while y is a substring of $1^k$. If |v| > |y|, then removing v and y (taking n = 0 above) makes the first number shorter than the second, so the result is not in L1. Therefore, |v| <= |y|. By doubling v and y (taking n = 2), we... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9693242000616578,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8219556672055579,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677564567913,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 836.7545167415929,
"openwebmath_score": 0.777763843536377,
"tags... |
performance, algorithm, matrix, go
func BenchmarkTransposeOpt(b *testing.B) {
for N := 0; N < b.N; N++ {
_ = transposeOpt(a)
}
}
func transposeRow(a [][]int) [][]int {
b := NewMatrix(len(a[0]), len(a))
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ {
wg.Add(1)
c := b[i]
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "performance, algorithm, matrix, go",
"url": null
} |
experimental-physics, nuclear-physics
Has this interaction been modeled yet? What is it that makes researchers fairly certain that this interaction would be particularly sensitive to the last two, weakly bound "halo neutrons" as opposed to equally sensitive to all neutrons?
If it works (several years from now), perha... | {
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"tags": "experimental-physics, nuclear-physics",
"url": null
} |
3) Check out http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_ring. These have the property that all elements $x$ are idempotent meaning $x^2=x$. But then $x(x-1)=0$ so every element besides $1$ is a zero divisor.
• * to explain this example, take some matrix $x \not \in \{0,1\}$. Either it's invertible (a unit) or has a nonzero ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8124702572822571,
"tags... |
c++, sudoku
size1 = bitset_table[*ptr1 & 0xff] + bitset_table[*ptr1 >> 8 & 0xff] +
bitset_table[*ptr1 >> 16 & 0xff] + bitset_table[*ptr1 >> 24 & 0xff];
size2 = bitset_table[*ptr2 & 0xff] + bitset_table[*ptr2 >> 8 & 0xff] +
bitset_table[*ptr2 >> 16 & 0xff] + bitset_table[*ptr2 >> 24 & 0xff];
ret... | {
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"tags": "c++, sudoku",
"url": null
} |
downsampling
The diagram below helps to further explain how the quadrature combiner helps to select the upper or lower sideband from the complex IQ received signal. The quadrature block shown can be a "quadrature combiner" as shown, or a "quadrature splitter" if our signals flow in the opposite direction. It simply co... | {
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"tags": "downsampling",
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} |
On a scatterplot, the correlation between $X_1$ and $X_2$ is rendered as oblongness of the cloud. The angle (its cosine) between a component line and a variable line is the corresponding eigenvector element. Eigenvectors are identical in all three analyses (so the angles on all 3 graphs are the same). [But, it is true,... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307653134904,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8189538848157493,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256432832333,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1252.6790893332711,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6238919496536255,
"ta... |
c, makefile
Title: Rate my Makefile Here's the Makefile I've built up over the last two years which I use as a template (most often verbatim apart from target name(s)). It's meant to be used for C exclusively.
I've sort of cobbled it together, so it's very well possible I made a bone-headed mistake somewhere, hence wh... | {
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"tags": "c, makefile",
"url": null
} |
ros, tutorial, pr2, transform
void imageCallback (const sensor_msgs::Image::ConstPtr &srcImg,
const sensor_msgs::CameraInfo::ConstPtr &srcInfo) {
cv_bridge::CvImagePtr cv_ptr;
try {
cv_ptr = cv_bridge::toCvCopy(srcImg, enc::BGR8);
} catch (cv_bridge::Exception &e) {
ROS_... | {
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"tags": "ros, tutorial, pr2, transform",
"url": null
} |
$$E_X[f(X)] := \sum_{\omega_X} f(\omega_X)\Pr{}_X(\omega_X)$$
For example, if $f$ is the identity function, then $E_X[f(X)]$ is not but the familiar $E[X]$ (which you can check by translating all the symbols to the original notation).
Now with this notation, we can make sense of $E[X+Y]$ as $E_{(X,Y)}[X+Y]$, where we... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.984810949854636,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8074399392545076,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933403143929,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 128.92557013253844,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9153161644935608,
"tag... |
observational-astronomy
Title: Calculating Field of View of a Telescope Given Time of Another Object Given the celestial coordinates of a certain star and the time it takes to pass across your telescope's eyepiece, how can you calculate the field of view of the telescope? This technique for determining the field of vi... | {
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"tags": "observational-astronomy",
"url": null
} |
What fraction of points lie between plus and minus one standard deviation of the mean?
samples >= mu-sigma will return a vector of ones where the inequality is true, and zeros where it is not. (samples >= mu-sigma) & (samples <= mu+sigma) will return a vector of ones where there is a one in both vectors, and a zero wh... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.977022625406662,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.807716123326219,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117898012104,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1739.0459703522588,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5162999629974365,
"tags": null,
... |
$R3+\frac{3}{5}R2$
$z=\frac{-105}{10}$
$y=\frac{-10-\frac{315}{10}}{10}$ $= \frac{-415}{40}$
$x=\frac{-53}{10}$
Briefly looking at that, you should have a figure of z = -210/10 and not -105/10. Then substitute that value into your other equations to work out the value of y and x.
9. Originally Posted by Paymemoney
$\... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473647220786,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 424.4647834743015,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7765448093414307,
"tag... |
# Probability of getting an even number of sixes in $n$ throws of a die
A fair die is thrown $$n$$ times. Show that the probability of getting an even number of sixes is $$\frac{1}{2}[ 1 + (\frac{2}{3})^{n}]$$, where $$0$$ is counted as even number.
My solution. I have probability of getting even number of sixes as:
... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9852713831229043,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8008949110078131,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8128673223709251,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 73.03497917389872,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9166954755783081,
"tag... |
is the Sum of Squares. Note that there are 30 residuals, one for each of the 30 observations. 3) Fit the model with data. The practice of fitting a line using the ordinary least squares method is. A least squares method of the kind shown above is a very powerful alternative procedure for obtaining integral forms from w... | {
"domain": "mauritius-koeln.de",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9877587232667824,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8294545577342662,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339736884712,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 477.09976571799604,
"openwebmath_score": 0.852555513381958,
"ta... |
soft-question, history, units, si-units, metrology
BIPM
The reason why "kilogram" is the name of a base unit of the SI is an artefact of history.
Louis XVI charged a group of savants to develop a new system of measurement. Their work laid the foundation for the "decimal metric system", which has evolved into the mode... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "soft-question, history, units, si-units, metrology",
"url": null
} |
nosql, databases
Title: is this a good case for NOSQL? I'm currently facing a project that I could solve with a relational database in a relatively painful way. Having heard so much about NOSQL, I'm wondering if there is not a more appropriate way of tackling it:
Suppose we are tracking a group of animals in a forest ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nosql, databases",
"url": null
} |
differential-geometry, field-theory, gauge-theory, lie-algebra, yang-mills
What am I doing wrong? Let me first of all give a more precise definition of the curvature and exterior covariant derivative. To start with, lets fix the following data:
A smooth manifold $\mathcal{M}$
A principal $G$-bundle $P$, where $G$ is... | {
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"tags": "differential-geometry, field-theory, gauge-theory, lie-algebra, yang-mills",
"ur... |
centripetal-force
Title: Centripetal motion of a ball as the string gets shorter A ball is tied to a straw with a string. The ball is set to circle around the straw. As it rotates, the string winds up on the straw, and the string between the straw and the ball gets shorter and shorter. As this happens, the velocity of... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "centripetal-force",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, battle-simulation
time.sleep(fire_rate)
#fire rate
def start():
firearm = input('CHOOSE YOUR GUN (ENTER to exit)\n> ')
if firearm.upper() == 'ASSAULT' or firearm.upper() == 'ASSUALT':
gun(40, 130, 0.1, 7)
elif firearm.upper() == 'SHOTGUN':
gun(6, 30, 2, 12)
e... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, beginner, battle-simulation",
"url": null
} |
python, algorithm, image
return self.score
def run(self, image_block, template, process='sad'):
if process == 'ssd':
process = 'ssd'
elif process == 'sad':
process = 'sad'
else:
raise ValueError, 'Proccess must be either sad or ssd'
if not self.score == 0.0:
self._reset_sco... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, algorithm, image",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electrostatics, electric-fields
While the positive region is infinitely wide, it is also infinitely thin and has finite area.
While convincing, this depiction is slightly deceptive. As you noticed (in your Q2), we add a factor of $x$ when integrating. This is because we care about area. The region wh... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, electrostatics, electric-fields",
"url": null
} |
$A \subseteq B \cup C$, so $x\in B$ or $x\in C$ for all $x\in A$, but there is no reason to think, that ALL $x\in A$ are in $B$ or ALL are in $C$. Some might be in $B$, others in $C$.
Specifically: $$\forall x\in A : x\in B \text{ or }x\in C$$ does not imply: $$\forall x \in A : x\in B\text{ or } \forall x \in A : x\i... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9637799472560581,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677602988602,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 187.17736390801204,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8403435945510864,
"ta... |
python, mysql
return items
(this is just a simple sketch; I'm not suggesting you use variable or function names like this).
Moving the API call into one function and the work to create the cases out of the raw API result into another function would make this structure more obvious.
cases = (case, cust, da... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, mysql",
"url": null
} |
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