text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
organic-chemistry, nomenclature
Title: What should be the nomenclature of this organic compound? I am confused with my teacher's explanation for the nomenclature of this organic compound.
He said that we should start numbering from the sulphonic acid at the bottom of the structure. But one of the students asked if we... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, nomenclature",
"url": null
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measurements, air-quality, pm2.5
Intuitively, I would have expected the measurements to be presented in parts per million or as a count of particles per volume, not only because of how (I assume) it's measured, but also because of the utility.
This is how gaseous measurements are reported. Individual gases do not ha... | {
"domain": "earthscience.stackexchange",
"id": 2723,
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"tags": "measurements, air-quality, pm2.5",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, csv, statistics
class TextFileReporter:
"""A txt file with desired format for the physician"""
@classmethod
@contextmanager
def open(cls, admin, patient):
date = strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
file_name = '{}-({})-{}.txt'.format(patient.id, date, admin)
with open(file_n... | {
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"tags": "python, beginner, csv, statistics",
"url": null
} |
ros, nxt, nxt-ros
Title: NXT sensors and ROS
What are the possible ways to use NXT sensors such as light sensor, IR and Compass?
Thanks!
Originally posted by Nirali on ROS Answers with karma: 1 on 2011-07-07
Post score: 0
check out the example robots for ideas: http://www.ros.org/wiki/nxt_robots
Originally posted ... | {
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Thus, we now have a formula for the sum of divisors of an arbitrary positive integer $n$ using the factorization of $n$. Namely,
$\sigma(n)=\sigma\left(\prod_{i=1}^m p_i^{\alpha_i}\right)=\prod_{i=1}^m\left(\frac{p_i^{\alpha_i+1}-1}{p_i-1}\right).$
This is something I use quite a bit for various problems and programmi... | {
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"tags"... |
More generally, if my probability of being right on any guess is $p$, and I make $X$ independent guesses in a row, my probability of being right all $X$ times is $p^X$.
Remark: Your question used the word odds and we used the term probability. These are different but closely related notions. Probability is mathematica... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8295263496198051,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711756575749,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 267.7736932165229,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8810971975326538,
"tag... |
javascript, shuffle
Since your function isn't attached to the prototype of Array (a good thing), it can't be truly chained without an abstraction like Ramda's chain.
Avoid inline assignments
The code
[a[i], a[r = (i + Math.random() * (l - i)) | 0]] = [a[r], a[i]] | {
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"url": null
} |
algorithms, terminology
Title: Deterministic processing on probabilistic input I've designed an algorithm, is which responsible to process some samples from normal distribution under aegis of some deterministic steps. In other words, the algorithm generate unique response to a unique set of the random set of input.
No... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, terminology",
"url": null
} |
• In practice, of course, this is done, if a bit informally. One speaks, say, of a "Jack high straight" and such. Still, you pretty well have to record, say, each flush...as (in principle) these would be ranked. At least you could divide the number of flushes by $4$, and the number of straights by the ways to assign su... | {
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If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Rolle’s Theorem. Language English. Now for the plain English version. 4 conditions where the function is not…. It will be shown that the mean value theorem, the Cauchy’s mean value theorem, and the mean va... | {
"domain": "apartments-rijeka.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9783846703886661,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8066409121958934,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619285331332,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 986.4324138427406,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7569544315338135,
... |
satisfiability, correctness-proof, first-order-logic, propositional-logic, 3-sat
Title: Resolution on weakening rule by derived clause How to prove that every clause that is implied by the input formula (learned or not) can be derived using resolution with weakening rule:
$\frac{C}
{C \vee D}$
(A clause $C$ is impli... | {
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"tags": "satisfiability, correctness-proof, first-order-logic, propositional-logic, 3-sat",
"u... |
5. Final expression
We have now strictly determined how a second-order polynomial that fullfills all the given info looks like, namely, for example:
$$y=-\frac{1}{112.5}(x-7.5)(x+7.5)$$
3. Jul 2, 2010
### Mentallic
arildno you've misread the info. Assuming it's a parabola, it's given that the zeroes are x=0 and x=7.... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711775577736,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1185.2317802187188,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7697854042053223,
"ta... |
organic-chemistry, nomenclature
According to Rule P-44.1.1, the priority list of substituent groups has to be considered first in order to decide the parent chain for this compound. You have already done that in both of your suggested possibilities: The principal characteristic group that is expressed as a suffix is t... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, nomenclature",
"url": null
} |
acid-base, titration
3 Calculation of the initial volume
The initial volume is now calculated following the simple concentration formula:
$$ c_0 = \frac{n_0}{V_0} \Leftrightarrow V_0 = \frac{n_0}{c_0}$$
Since the amount of acid is constant ($n = n_0\; \mathrm{const}$), we can easily fill in the values:
$$ V_0 = \frac... | {
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"tags": "acid-base, titration",
"url": null
} |
c#, performance, algorithm
Title: Searching subdirectories of a subdirectory for registry keys to delete I build/maintain an IT support self-help app and recently had the need to include some registry key manipulation when users experience certain issues.
I create the Reggie class to handle the general registry key ma... | {
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symmetry, group-theory, group-representations, isospin-symmetry
and each $\phi_i$ represents a degree of freedom. So we have 4 degree of freedom but just a spin doublet.
What I thought is that when you're acting on a complex space you have to consider that for every particle you have its antiparticle (e.g. the complex... | {
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"tags": "symmetry, group-theory, group-representations, isospin-symmetry",
"url": null
} |
formal-languages, regular-languages, pumping-lemma
Title: How to prove the set of powers of 2 in ternary representation to be non-regular using pumping lemma? Given the set of natural numbers, $S = \{2^i|i\in\mathbb{N}\}$ let $L$ be the language defined as the ternary representation of all numbers in $S$. How can you ... | {
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"tags": "formal-languages, regular-languages, pumping-lemma",
"url": null
} |
python, pygame, performance
def get_key():
while 1:
event = pygame.event.poll()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
return event.key
else:
pass
def display_box(screen, message):
"Print a message in a box in the middle of the screen"
fontobject = pygame.font.Font(None,18)
pygame.draw.rect(screen,... | {
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"tags": "python, pygame, performance",
"url": null
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Indeed you have the right profit function but 1) you can integrate but its not an expectation, as you note no density is at play and 2) a change of notation will elucidate the role $$X$$: the profit is $$Y=f(X,a)$$ where $$X\sim U(0,5)$$ is the given demand and $$f:[0,5]\times [0,\infty)\to \mathbb{R}$$ is as you have ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.971563966131786,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8117257029258971,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835411997897,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 340.89496512238924,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9471689462661743,
"tag... |
classification, clustering, reinforcement-learning
Title: Assistance needed on what machine learning approach to use
I'm currently writing my Master's Thesis on Subjective tagging of sounds and I feel that I've been stuck with the same problem for quite a time now and need assistance to progress. I'll, in short, desc... | {
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"tags": "classification, clustering, reinforcement-learning",
"url": null
} |
matlab, filters, dsp-core
//Filter functions
void lp_filter (float *x ,float *y,float *aa ,float g ,float vh)
{
x[2]=x[1];
x[1]=x[0];
x[0]=vh*g;
y[2]=y[1];
y[1]=y[0];
y[0]=(x[0] + x[1]+x[1] + x[2] - aa[0]*y[1] - aa[1]*y[2]); //b0=1 b1=2 b2=1
}
void hp_filter (float *x ,float *y,float *aa ,float... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "matlab, filters, dsp-core",
"url": null
} |
ros, arm-navigation, joint-trajectory-action, pr2-controllers
accelerations: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
time_from_start:
secs: 0
nsecs: 800369305
-
positions: [-2.2959492044755803, 2.13549384276445, -2.1556486321117725, -1.9719493470579683, -2.2709395088336946]
veloci... | {
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"tags": "ros, arm-navigation, joint-trajectory-action, pr2-controllers",
"url": null
} |
performance, algorithm, lua, machine-learning, neural-network
Principal Components Analysis
PCA can be used for data compression to speed up learning algorithms, and can also be used to visualize feature relations. Basically, in a situation where you have a WHOLE BUNCH of independent variables, PCA helps you figure ou... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "performance, algorithm, lua, machine-learning, neural-network",
"url": null
} |
stress-energy-momentum-tensor
Title: What exactly is a Stress-Energy tensor? I am very new to physics and have recently come across the term stress-energy tensor. I am completely clueless as to what this is, and the Wikipedia page seems to confuse me even more. Can someone explain to me just exactly what this might be... | {
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"id": 51629,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "stress-energy-momentum-tensor",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics
so that
$$ r(t) = e^{iHt} r(0) e^{-iHt} $$
and you can check that everything works formally.
Whenever you hear somebody talking about the time derivative of an operator, they are always talking in the Heisenberg picture, because otherwise you need explicit time dependence in the operator for this to ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
optimization, matrix, matlab
This is equivalent to the first if condition in your loop. Try to do the same to the else condition. (Hint: you'll need to update your voteFromLocation method to handle arrays in the same manner.)
It's been a long time since I last used MATLAB, so my syntax may not be very accurate, but yo... | {
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"tags": "optimization, matrix, matlab",
"url": null
} |
qiskit, circuit-construction, ibm-q-experience
Title: What is a "barrier" in Qiskit circuits? I just started studying IBM Qiskit, and cannot find details about the barrier method on the QuantumCircuit class. It is shown in the circuit drawing, but I never heard about it after reading quantum computing text books. Is i... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 981,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "qiskit, circuit-construction, ibm-q-experience",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity
Title: Speed of Light and Information Einstein in his thought experiment(?) for the constancy of speed of light in vacuum in all frames reasoned , that if speed of light of vacuum isn't constant than you'll be able to perceive effect before action .
But then this must happen in all mediums , but it ... | {
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"id": 7693,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "special-relativity",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism
Title: Why is the divergence of the velocity field for point charges zero? If I want to show that a point charge distribution (a sum of delta functions in space) respects the continuity equation, then I must use that the velocity field for each charge $q_k$, $\bf{v_k}$, is solenoidal: $\nabla \cdot \b... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 90906,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism",
"url": null
} |
time-frequency, time-domain
python code used:
import allantools
import numpy as np
nsamps = 2**16
fs = 1000
freq = 1
t = np.arange(2**16)/fs
signal = np.cos(2*np.pi *freq *t)
a = allantools.Dataset(data=signal,
rate=fs,
data_type="freq",
taus = np... | {
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"tags": "time-frequency, time-domain",
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python, javascript, beginner, algorithm, strings
"rich-chosen goofy cult" and "Church of Scientology" are anagram.
--------------------------------------------------
"Uncle Sam's standard rot" and "McDonald's restaurants" are anagram.
--------------------------------------------------
"vile" and "evil" are anagram.
... | {
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"tags": "python, javascript, beginner, algorithm, strings",
"url": null
} |
fourier-transform, frequency-spectrum, frequency, frequency-domain, fourier-series
Title: Why do frequencies of analog signals range from $-\infty$ to $\infty$ while frequencies of digital signals are restricted to $[0,2\pi]$? In Fourier analysis while dealing with discrete-time signals, frequencies range from $0$ to ... | {
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"tags": "fourier-transform, frequency-spectrum, frequency, frequency-domain, fourier-series",
... |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, everyday-life
Title: How is magnetism ''conducted'' through a non-magnetic metal? I have a ball of metal about an inch in diameter and a concave disc of another metal (which is magnetic) around the ring of the disc (about $12 {\rm mm}$ in diameter). I don't know which metals they are... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, everyday-life",
"url": null
} |
One can even approximate a square-wave pattern with a suitable sum that involves a fundamental sine-wave plus a combination of harmon-ics of this fundamental frequency. 1 4 2 2 4 x Obviously, f(t) is piecewiseC 1 without vertical half tangents, sof K 2. Like Example Problem 11. Even the most complex periodic function c... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9891815510282099,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8155425206971865,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619199068831,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 524.8734259480808,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9043282866477966,
"ta... |
A simple way: $$I=\int_{0}^{2\pi}\frac{dx}{5-4\cos x}=\int_{0}^{\pi}\left(\frac{1}{5-4\cos x}+\frac{1}{5+4\cos x}\right)\,dx\tag{1}$$ $$I = 10\int_{0}^{\pi}\frac{dx}{25-16\cos^2 x}=20\int_{0}^{\pi/2}\frac{dx}{25-16\cos^2 x} \tag{2}$$ and now, by setting $x=\arctan t$, $$I = 20 \int_{0}^{+\infty}\frac{dt}{25(1+t^2)-16} ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9637799482964025,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8407509092631201,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473763375644,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 230.4848508550575,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9415411949157715,
"tag... |
the-moon, observational-astronomy
I get 27.7° at perigee and 27.8° at apogee.
At that altitude, atmospheric refraction is only about 0.03°.
The highest apparent altitude I found with JPL HORIZONS was 27.91° on 1987-09-15 around 17:15 UT.
Due to nodal precession,
the Moon doesn't reach ±28.6° geocentric declination eve... | {
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java, project-euler, lambda
"20 69 36 41 72 30 23 88 34 62 99 69 82 67 59 85 74 04 36 16\n" +
"20 73 35 29 78 31 90 01 74 31 49 71 48 86 81 16 23 57 05 54\n" +
"01 70 54 71 83 51 54 69 16 92 33 48 61 43 52 01 89 19 67 48");
problem11.run();
System.out.println(problem11.getResult()); | {
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Worked Problem 2:
Solve for x: $\log_4(x)+\log_{16}(4x^2)= \displaystyle\frac{5}{2}$
Solution:
In solving logarithmic equation we need to make sure first that the bases of expressions involved are the same. The base of the first expression is 4 and the other one is 2. So we need to find ways to make those bases the ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.3733513355255127,
... |
thermodynamics, water, electrolysis
Title: Do water hybrid cars really exist? I have heard a few claims about water-fueled cars. Being a student of Engineering I totally understand that water-fueled cars (using electrolysis to generate Hydrogen) are nothing more than a hoax, unless you are giving electricity from an ... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, water, electrolysis",
"url": null
} |
All magmas of order n (specifically 3)
I am considering the collection of all magmas (sets with binary operations) of order 3. Since we just need a binary operation and no other properties, it makes sense to define a magma in terms of all of its binary products:
$$a*a, a*b, a*c, b*a, b*b, b*c, c*a, c*b, c*c$$.
So we... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8033139479598445,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744761936437,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 114.73574221241726,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7742939591407776,
"ta... |
ros-melodic, sensor-msgs, std-msgs, nav-msgs, header
Title: Header stamp: When is/should this be from?
Many messages in ROS include the header, which includes the timestamp.
What is best/expected practice for this?
Should the stamp be the time at which the message is sent or the time of the event it is describing.
In... | {
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"tags": "ros-melodic, sensor-msgs, std-msgs, nav-msgs, header",
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transform, hilbert-transform
Then the inferred enveloppe and frequencies get not that good (some of the noise goes into the enveloppe, some into the frequencies):
This was quite expectable, and I know I just have to find a way to smooth my signal to solve that. My real problem is, say you add a trend to your signal:
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "transform, hilbert-transform",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, hilbert-space, density-operator, unitarity
A quantum channel is a linear map from matrices to matrices (we need linearity physically; see below).
It is a positive map, i.e. it sends positive semidefinite matrices to positive semidefinite matrices (states are positive semidefinit... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, hilbert-space, density-operator, unitarity... |
# What is meant by PCA preserving only large pairwise distances?
I am currently reading up on t-SNE visualization technique and it was mentioned that one of the drawbacks of using principal component analysis (PCA) for visualizing high-dimensional data is that it only preserves large pairwise distances between the poi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6928672194480896,
"tag... |
physical-chemistry, reaction-control
Kinetics is trickier. For A+ 2B -> C the first approximation is that
rate = k*[A]*[B]$^2$.
Also "k often increases by a factor of 2-4 per 10C of increase in temperature".
Now to treat it accurately you need to solve a system of equations. each equation is either
r$_i$ = $\delta$[... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "physical-chemistry, reaction-control",
"url": null
} |
variant-calling, linux
Title: How to run same command on multiple files? Hi im doing Variant calling on fastq files for which i have 4000 fq files and the variant calling are done in different 9 steps. Each step generate different files that are output to next steps.
So can anybody help me with this to do it in a loop... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "variant-calling, linux",
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newtonian-mechanics, forces, friction, free-body-diagram
Title: Why is an object still moving even if force applied is equal to friction? Why is an object still moving even if force applied is equal to friction? If this force of friction is the same as the force applied, shouldn't the object be stationary instead? It... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, friction, free-body-diagram",
"url": null
} |
plus 3, in a different way using some measures of interestingness measures of.... Of associative Law of addition to write the expression Solver ( Free ) Free Solver. Is through the use of an instance field how we group the numbers ( i.e motivating.... Multiplication problems to motivate the Definitions to come talk-sing... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9736446440948805,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8049235188208602,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267118026095991,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.4765132963657379,
... |
quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, group-theory, differentiation, open-quantum-systems
If an operator $T$ is invertible, and $|| S - T || \leq || T^{-1} ||^{-1} $, then $S$ is invertible.
Here, $|| \cdot ||$ denotes the operator norm. In our application, $T$ corresponds to $t\, \mathbb I$ and $S$ corresponds to... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, mathematical-physics, group-theory, differentiation, open-quant... |
waves, harmonic-oscillator, oscillators
Title: Deduce how much does damping affect the angular frequency of a harmonic oscillator I am asked to deduce by how much does damping change the angular frequency of a harmonic system. I immediately thought to use the equation $\omega$ = $\sqrt{\omega_0^2 - \frac{\gamma^2}{4}}... | {
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"tags": "waves, harmonic-oscillator, oscillators",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, vectors, notation, linear-algebra
Title: Inner product linearity on Dirac notation I was starting to learn Dirac notation with MIT's notes on QM. The introduction states that Dirac notation starts from turning inner products from:
$$ \langle{u}, v\rangle $$
to, substituting the comma ... | {
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"url": nul... |
vcsharp2003
vcsharp2003
Sure, but I was asking that as a step to the second question.
Then the random experiment would be to buy 1 ticket. The number of ways for losing 1 ticket would then be ## {}^{9990}C_1##.
Right.. isn't that what you were trying to show, or have I misunderstood your issue?
Yes, you're correct. I c... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8672774434089661,
... |
This type of issue arises all the time in fields like Finance, when one switches from a discrete-time model to a continuous-time model. It is a very common source of student mistakes. On the other hand, sometimes the confusion/imprecision is built in to a system. For example, when dealing with mortgage payment schemes,... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9697854111860905,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8223467668199607,
"lm_q2_score": 0.847967764140929,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 774.6012228885863,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6385128498077393,
"tags... |
python, python-3.x, console, git
The os.makedirs call needs an exist_ok=True parameter, then that
gets handled.
Maybe the argument parser construction should really be separated from
the main function, it's a distinct functionality and could very well
be tested separately.
_git_config_name and _git_config_email could... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, console, git",
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} |
ros, diagnostics, nodelet
Originally posted by Chad Rockey on ROS Answers with karma: 4541 on 2011-10-20
Post score: 2
Did you try allocating it as a new class member pointer inside your onInit()?
Originally posted by joq with karma: 25443 on 2011-10-20
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 3
Or... | {
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"tags": "ros, diagnostics, nodelet",
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bash, shell, user-interface
202114.sh:92:9: note: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting. [SC2086]
202114.sh:94:19: warning: Quote this to prevent word splitting. [SC2046]
202114.sh:94:29: note: Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting. [SC2086]
202114.sh:96:11: note: Double quote to prevent gl... | {
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# Summation Notation Confusion
I am unclear about what the following summation means given that $\lambda_i: \forall i \in \{1,2,\ldots n\}$:
$\mu_{4:4} = \sum\limits_{i=1}^{4} \lambda_i + \mathop{\sum\sum}_{1\leq i_1 < i_2 \leq 4}(\lambda_{i_1} + \lambda_{i_2}) + \mathop{\sum\sum\sum}_{1\leq i_1 < i_2 <i_3 \leq 4}(\l... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9566342012360932,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8053192113329286,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256532040708,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 684.4048028146848,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9545866847038269,
"tag... |
ros, asus-xtion-pro-live, rtabmap
<param name="frame_id" type="string" value="$(arg frame_id)"/>
<param name="wait_for_transform_duration" type="double" value="$(arg wait_for_transform)"/>
<param name="approx_sync" type="bool" value="$(arg approx_sync)"/>
<p... | {
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"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, photons, thermal-radiation, history
This is historical:
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 was awarded to Albert Einstein "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".
No semiclassical explanations at the time , b... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, photons, thermal-radiation, history",
"url"... |
c++, tree, iterator, c++17
Title: Binary search tree in C++ 17 using iterator pattern I am new to C++ and am attempting to write the following binary search tree using the iterator pattern (and std::optional in C++17):
#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <stack>
template <typename T>
class BinarySearchTree... | {
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"tags": "c++, tree, iterator, c++17",
"url": null
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machine-learning, neural-network, scikit-learn, cross-validation
Title: StratifiedKFold: ValueError: Supported target types are: ('binary', 'multiclass'). Got 'multilabel-indicator' instead Working with Sklearn stratified kfold split, and when I attempt to split using multi-class, I received on error (see below). When... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, neural-network, scikit-learn, cross-validation",
"url": nul... |
molecular-orbital-theory
\end{align}$$
(since $\langle\psi_1|\hat{H}_1|\psi_1\rangle = E$, and also $\langle\psi_1|(1/R)|\psi_1\rangle = (1/R)\langle\psi_1|\psi_1\rangle = 1/R$).
For more information I refer you to Atkins' Molecular Quantum Mechanics 5th ed., pp 262–266. The terminology can be a bit confusing and also... | {
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Which one do you think is correct? I think I have to expand the absolute sign, but my friend did not think like that. Any help is appreciated
Your friend's work is not correct for the reason that $$\Pr[Z \le 1.5] = \Phi(1.5),$$ but $$\Pr[|Z| \le 1.5] = \Phi(1.5) - \Phi(-1.5) = \Phi(1.5) - (1 - \Phi(1.5)) = 2\Phi(1.5) ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 252.12526258069926,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9009658694267273,
"tag... |
organic-chemistry, acid-base, hybridization, hydrocarbons
Title: Why is cyclopropane more acidic than propane Though I found links about ring strain and other things, I actually fail to understand the exact reason for this difference in acidity. Indeed, according to the Evans $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}$ table the cyclopr... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, acid-base, hybridization, hydrocarbons",
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} |
kinematics, photons, electrons, quantum-electrodynamics, collision
edit: now i understand that there is no specific direction for the released photons, but we can calculate the probability of them being released at a certain angle.
now is it correct that the 2 released photons must have opposite directions? It is a ... | {
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"tags": "kinematics, photons, electrons, quantum-electrodynamics, collision",
"url": null... |
java, beginner, random, serialization
Question
What do you think of my design choices? Did I manage to implement them elegantly? Are there design flaws in my source code?
Source code and config-file
Main.java
public class Main {
private static String configFile = "standard.config";
public static void main... | {
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biochemistry, kinetics
[W]hy add a further descriptor that denotes uncertainty or inaccuracy when we already know that steady state is an assumption?
Different fields use different terms for the same concept. For example, some folks call it the "pseudo-steady state hypothesis" and abbreviate it "PSSH". Some people ... | {
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"tags": "biochemistry, kinetics",
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solutions
(source: Hashimoto et al. in Molecules 2019, 24, 2296 (doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122296), section 3.2; open access publication.)
This pattern is seen for inorganic reagents like $\ce{HCl}$ dissolved in water, yet equally available in methanol, 1,4-dioxane, etc. (example); and organometallic reagents, e.g. b... | {
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ros2, c++, opencv, cv-bridge
Title: ROS2: How to publish cv Mat image?
I'm having trouble understanding how to publish a cv::Mat image in C++, and I can find very little documentation about this.
Here's my publish code. I based it on this tutorial: https://docs.ros.org/en/galactic/Tutorials/Writing-A-Simple-Cpp-Publi... | {
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"tags": "ros2, c++, opencv, cv-bridge",
"url": null
} |
Now that you are armed with information about the AP Biology multiple choice questions, it's time to study and get that 5. Find the probability distribution for the number of correct answers. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. c) You guess on the first 2 questions and ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5498582124710083,
"tag... |
data-structures, logic, satisfiability, binary
$t_{i+1} \implies t_i$ -- this ensures that $t_1,\dots,t_k$ has the form $1,\dots,1,0,\dots,0$.
$t_i \implies (n_i=m_i)$ -- this ensures that $t_1,\dots,t_k$ captures the common prefix of $n,m$
$(t_{i-1} \land \neg t_i) \implies (n_i=0 \land m_i=1)$ -- this ensures that a... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "data-structures, logic, satisfiability, binary",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, reversibility, unitarity
It seems to be a property of these formalisms that they do not do well with irreversible processes like energy loss. They are “reversible” theories of classical mechanics, meaning that if you describe classical mechanics with them, if you reversed all of... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, reversibility, unitarity",
"url": null
} |
javascript, authentication, parse-platform
Avoid unnecessary string creation
In Javascript, strings are immutable. When you do something like this
var mssg = "";
for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++) {
mssg += arr[i] + " ,";
}
it isn't "modifying" the mssg string, but instead creating a new string on every iteration. F... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, authentication, parse-platform",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law, conductors
Title: Is the electric field generated by surface charges on conductor always outgoing from the conductor surface? The field near the surface of a conductor is given by
$$\bf{E}=\frac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0} \hat{\bf{n}}$$
Where $\sigma$ is th... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law, conductors",
... |
python, parsing, numpy, scipy
cell = []
for m in row_image_re.finditer(row):
if m.group('sep') == '||':
cell.append(m.groups()[:-1])
yield cell
cell = []
else:
cell.append(m.groups())
if cell:
yield cell
def parse_inter_table(page):
"... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, parsing, numpy, scipy",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11
Note that is, in fact, a templated class so it could be used with std::string or std::wstring or any other class that implements operator== and can be placed in a std::vector. The simple linear search is not as efficient as a std::map but it's probably just fine for short lists. Using it in main is just t... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11",
"url": null
} |
Hope it helps.
What if b=0 and d=-1?
In that situation, wouldn't the 2nd equation become:
a(0) > (0)c – d
If b = 0 and d = -1, then ab^2 – b = 0 and b^2c – d = 1. Anyway, what are you trying to say?
_________________
Intern
Joined: 14 Mar 2015
Posts: 5
Re: Is a > c? [#permalink]
### Show Tags
16 Jun 2015, 12:58
N... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 3311.3609703447137,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8273312449455261,
"tags": ... |
hamiltonian-simulation, gate-synthesis
Title: How can I simulate the following 2×2 Hamiltonian $e^{i\begin{bmatrix} 8 & 6+i \\ 6-i & -1\end{bmatrix}}$? How can I simulate the following 2×2 Hamiltonian $$ e^{i\begin{bmatrix} 8 & 6+i \\ 6-i & -1\end{bmatrix}}|\Psi\rangle$$
ie. how to rewrite that matrix exponential in ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "hamiltonian-simulation, gate-synthesis",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, python-3.x, vectorization
Edit: Answer provided by Maarten Fabre below is working perfectly. To anyone who will stumble here in future, the logic flow is as follows.
Goal: find a way for vectorization: Below are the solution steps
Analyze and find unique value at each evaluation. This will help s... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, python-3.x, vectorization",
"url": null
} |
It is easy by operator algebra. Let the Shift, Triple $\mathbb C$-linear operators $\rm\ S\:n\: :=\: n+1,\ \ T\:n\: :=\: 3\:n\:$ act on fibonacci's numbers by $\rm\ S\:f(a\:n+b) = f(a\:(n+1)+b)\$ and $\rm\ T\:f(a\:n+b) = f(3\:a\:n+b)\:.$ Below I show a general method that works for any Lucas sequence $\rm\:f(n)\:$ that... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8670172293021442,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8757869851639066,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 330.2119062709151,
"openwebmath_score": 0.973792552947998,
"tags... |
"Robert Gerbicz"
Oct 2005
Hungary
59416 Posts
Quote:
Originally Posted by axn For 6x6, there is a very pretty solution with just concentric circles.
OK, my current code not searched for that very special or symmetric solutions. However some of my posted solutions are also symmetric.
Quote:
Originally Posted by ewma... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6004526019096375,
... |
`'green'``'g'``[0 1 0]``'#00FF00'`
`'blue'``'b'``[0 0 1]``'#0000FF'`
`'cyan'` `'c'``[0 1 1]``'#00FFFF'`
`'magenta'``'m'``[1 0 1]``'#FF00FF'`
`'yellow'``'y'``[1 1 0]``'#FFFF00'`
`'black'``'k'``[0 0 0]``'#000000'`
`'white'``'w'``[1 1 1]``'#FFFFFF'`
`'none'`Not applicableNot applicableNot applicableNo color
Here a... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9817357200450139,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8324802435038554,
"lm_q2_score": 0.847967764140929,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1397.3627042285625,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8812602758407593,
"tags": ... |
orbitals
Title: Angular Momentum Quantum Number and Orbitals In our lecture I was told the angular momentum QN is equal to $n - 1$ of the principle QN, which corresponded to the orbital shape. How is this case, for example in Barium the principle QN is 6 with, so it should have at least an f orbital because the angu... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
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"tags": "orbitals",
"url": null
} |
the company issues advertisements claiming that 8 out of 10 people (chosen randomly from across the country) who tried their product reported improved memory. Challenge Quizzes Triangle Centers: Level 2 Challenges Triangle Centers: Level 3 Challenges Triangle Centers: Level 4 Challenges Triangles - Circumcenter . A rig... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.966914017797636,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.805753236585167,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 747.350125511502,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5591885447502136,
"tags": null,
... |
However DES has the property that the compliment of the plaintext gives the compliment of the ciphertext under the compliment of the key. That is if the encryption is given as, $c=E(p,\,k)$ then, $\neg c=E(\neg p,\,\neg k)$. Therefore in each test (each application of the decryption algorithm) we can take the complimen... | {
"domain": "mathhelpboards.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9539661002182844,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339696776499,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 434.4036279170388,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5918154120445251,
"ta... |
acid-base, analytical-chemistry, ph, titration
Multiplied by denominators:
$\left(\ce{[H+]} + c \right)\ce{[H+]} \cdot \left(\ce{[H+]} + K_\mathrm{a}\right) = K_\mathrm{w}\left(\ce{[H+]} + K_\mathrm{a}\right) + c \cdot K_\mathrm{a} \cdot \ce{[H+]} +\ce{[Cl-]}\ce{[H+]} \cdot \left(\ce{[H+]} + K_\mathrm{a}\right)$
Separ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "acid-base, analytical-chemistry, ph, titration",
"url": null
} |
cients were de ned by as f ( t ) = X1 n = 1 C n e in!t where C n = 1 T ZT= 2 T= 2 f ( t )e in!t d t : However, we noted that this did not extend Fourier analysis beyond periodic func-tions and discrete. Even the most complex periodic function can be expanded in sines and cosines using the Fourier series. The main idea ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891283434876,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 395.5653213813762,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9252848029136658,
... |
newtonian-mechanics, history
in 1670 Edme Mariotte had announced his intention to compose a major work on the impact of bodies. Completed and read to the Academy in 1671, it was published in 1673 as Traité de la percussion ou choc des corps. The first comprehensive treatment of the laws of inelastic and elastic impact... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, history",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, hilbert-space, quantum-information, quantum-computer
Title: Derivation of QFT product formula If the quantum fourier transform is defined as follows:
$$
U_{FT} |x\rangle = \frac{1}{2^{n/2}} \sum^{2^n-1}_{y=0} e^{2\pi i x y / 2^n} | y \rangle.
$$
We can rewrite the exponential... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, hilbert-space, quantum-information, qua... |
slam, navigation, ros-kinetic, rtabmap, astra
There was no default RGB calibration file. Simply run the monocular calibration procedure (http://wiki.ros.org/camera_calibration/Tutorials/MonocularCalibration ; requires a checkerboard) and obtain a .yaml file. Then edit this .yaml file to match with the camera_name(head... | {
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"tags": "slam, navigation, ros-kinetic, rtabmap, astra",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery, beginner, functional-programming, datetime
if(isli) {
var myvalue = $me.find('a').attr('data-filter');
} else {
var myparent = $me.parent().attr('data-filter-group'),
myvalue = $me.attr('data-filter');
}
if(!x) {x = ''}
if(!y)... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 1681,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery, beginner, functional-programming, datetime",
"url": null
} |
c#, performance, json, json.net
Sample to send the intermediate function (I cannot touch this one but it's already optimized) My function should build this from the above payload:
{ "Wrapper":[
{"Token":"@!!!@17e9ad37968e25893e96855ba3d633e250a401a6584b2bc9c7288f9fc458a9b6"},
{"Token":"@!!!@008d613d1ca60885468bf274daa... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, performance, json, json.net",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, statistical-mechanics, entropy, identical-particles
Title: What is the resolution to Gibb's paradox? This question is essentially a duplicate of Gibbs Paradox - why should the change in entropy be zero?. The question concerns the following situation: I have some gas of identical particles and they are ... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, statistical-mechanics, entropy, identical-particles",
"url": nul... |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-spin
Title: When combining three spin $\frac{1}{2}$ particles what are the corresponding states? I want to combine three spin half particles and this is what I have so far.
I used the lowering operator $J_{-}$ on the top states and found the following states fine:
$$|\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2}\... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-spin",
"url": null
} |
Compute the following limit
$$\lim_{n\longrightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{n}\left[\left(\cos\frac{\pi}{2n}\right)^4+\left(\cos\frac{2\pi}{2n}\right)^4+\cdots+\left(\cos\frac{n\pi}{2n}\right)^4\right]$$
This limit involves summing up $n$ quantities that range between 0 and 1 (being the cosine to the fourth power) and dividi... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 4256.879886514165,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8642209768295288,
"tags": n... |
javascript, performance, object-oriented, chess
for(i = position.y - 1; i >= 0; i--){
if(board[i][position.x] != "vacant" && pieceType.indexOf(board[i][position.x]) != -1){
break;
}
if(board[i][position.x] != "vacant" && pieceType.indexOf(board[i][position.x]) == -1){
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, performance, object-oriented, chess",
"url": null
} |
c++, memory-management, thread-safety, c++17
It only adds the hassle of having to use *, and you never reseat it, so why not use a reference?
Now here's where you start getting into trouble with the mutexes and locking. You lock the pool mutex in reorder()... then you call getIndex(), getObject(), and allocateMove(), ... | {
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"tags": "c++, memory-management, thread-safety, c++17",
"url": null
} |
2. Every element of $$A$$ is congruent to an integer modulo $$4 + \sqrt 5$$: indeed, if it is of the form $$a + b \sqrt 5$$ with $$a, b \in \mathbb Z$$ we can subtract a suitable integer multiple of $$4 + \sqrt5$$ to land in $$\mathbb Z$$. If it is of the form $$(a+b\sqrt5)/2$$ with $$a, b$$ odd, we can subtract $$\fra... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677583778257,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 234.20956904175023,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9059702157974243,
"ta... |
Your first three factors, $8\cdot6\cdot5$, in the numerator are fine. After that, though, you have to split the calculation into cases. Suppose that the first three people, in order, are A, B, and C. If A and C are a couple, then any of the remaining $5$ people can sit in the fourth seat. Your calculation, with a facto... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835432479661,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 180.44500428024418,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8785049915313721,
"ta... |
sql, vba, ms-access
Now you know each item's quantity in percentile compared to the total quantity.
logically, the next step would be create a new column and add all previous [valueInPercent] including current row. This should give you summing all percentiles up to the current row. Finally you can then request show me... | {
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"tags": "sql, vba, ms-access",
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} |
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