text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
algorithms, machine-learning, computational-geometry
Title: Line separates two sets of points If there is a way to identify if two sets of points can be separated by a line?
We have two sets of points $A$ and $B$ if there is a line that separates $A$ and $B$ such that all points of $A$ and only $A$ on the one side of... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, machine-learning, computational-geometry",
"url": null
} |
electrochemistry, redox
Title: Is anode actually ever negative? Disclaimer: This question comes from a physics student.
I was studying electrostatics and I was wondering how to charge a conductor at home without any fancy furs etc. So an idea came to me: take a battery, touch for example the negative terminal with the... | {
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"tags": "electrochemistry, redox",
"url": null
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ros, trajectory-filters
Originally posted by Felix Messmer on ROS Answers with karma: 198 on 2011-02-28
Post score: 0
Hi Felix,
Here's the answer to the 2nd part of your question - how does the trajectory filtering work right now?
The trajectory filter takes paths from the planner and "shortcuts" them with cubic spli... | {
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special-relativity, reference-frames, inertial-frames
I switch on the torch and measure the amount of time it takes for the
light to reach the photosensor.
With what apparatus?
Evidently, you have a clock, at one end of the coach, that records the time that the torch is activated. Call this time $t_1$.
Then, you h... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, reference-frames, inertial-frames",
"url": null
} |
ros, joint, visualization
rqt throw err:
[ERROR] [1612077374.663698]: bad callback: <bound method MainWidget.callback of <rqt_joint_trajectory_plot.main_widget.MainWidget object at 0x7f86614cd670>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/ros/noetic/lib/python3/dist-packages/rospy/topics.py", line 748, in _invoke... | {
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"tags": "ros, joint, visualization",
"url": null
} |
java, object-oriented, mvc, swing, audio
Title: Simple Java MIDI player I created a simple program that allows you to create and play MIDI sounds.
I've used the MVC approach and I’d like to know if there are any improvements to be made regarding the design and structure of the classes? Have I used a constants class co... | {
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"tags": "java, object-oriented, mvc, swing, audio",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, reference-frames
Title: Mass inside cavity in block free to move So this is a problem I've been trying to solve for a while now. I've tried conservation of energy with conservation of momentum, as well as setting up the Lagrangian, but I have no way of checking my work and would love an outside op... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, reference-frames",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, energy-conservation, potential-energy
I greatly appreciate everyones help. The fact that the incline is frictionless allows us to use the conservation of energy approach, which is telling us that 'based on this amount of initial kinetic energy, the box ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, energy-conservat... |
electromagnetism, electricity
Title: Electric generators? When a magnet passes through a copper coil and electricity is induced into the coil, is there a magnetic resistance on the magnet as it passes through the coil? Yes, the resistance to the magnetic field is called RELUCTANCE. As the magnet moves through a copper... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, electricity",
"url": null
} |
matlab, transfer-function, step-response
1.726 2.00 2.00 0.5737 0.7110
1.729 2.00 2.00 0.5794 0.6635
1.732 2.00 2.00 0.5702 0.6689
1.735 2.00 2.00 0.5742 0.6960
1.738 2.00 2.00 0.6039 0.6219
1.741 2.00 2.00 0.5636 0.7241
1.744 2.00 2.00 0.5358 0.6628
1.747 2.00 2.00 0.6091 0.6723
1.750 2.00 2.00 0.6152... | {
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"tags": "matlab, transfer-function, step-response",
"url": null
} |
If anyone could help me understand how to factorize this equation to get the one shown in the image it would help me very much.
• Can you verify that $$(3\sin x + \cos x)(\sin x - \cos x) = 3\sin^2 x - 2\sin x\cos x -\cos^2 x$$ by expanding the product? Apr 27 '15 at 14:09
• Yes of course, i can do that. But how can y... | {
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"ta... |
# How to calculate the area covered by any spherical rectangle?
Is there any analytic or generalized formula to calculate area covered by any rectangle having length $l$ & width $b$ each as a great circle arc on a sphere with a radius $R$?
Note: Spherical rectangle is a quadrilateral having equal opposite sides but n... | {
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"tags... |
c#, .net, playing-cards
This means you can't set a default for id in its present position, but if it was so unimportant it could have a default, it wouldn't be the first parameter.
Again as downrep_nation said, there is a lot of confusion about what some of your methods do. Shuffling an array (as performed in Shuffle... | {
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Hence $\rm\ mod\ 100:\ \ 9^{\large 9^{\Large 9}}\!\equiv\ 9^{\large 9^{\Large 9}\, mod\ \color{#c00}{10}}\ \equiv\ 9^{(-1)^{\Large 9}}\! \equiv 9^{-1}\equiv\ \dfrac{1}9\ \equiv\ \dfrac{-99}9\ \equiv\ {-}11\ \equiv\ 89$
Remark Above we used the useful fact that if the powers of $\,a=9\,$ repeat with period length $\co... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430478583168,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 231.63287258574402,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8906542062759399,
"ta... |
c#, design-patterns, game, console
public void Stop()
{
if (cts != null)
{
cts.Cancel();
cts = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Second game loop that collects user input and adds it in a queue for later processing.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ct">... | {
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"tags": "c#, design-patterns, game, console",
"url": null
} |
circuit-complexity, lower-bounds
Title: Better lower bounds than 3n for non-boolean functions? Blum's $3n-o(n)$ lower bound is the best known circuit lower bound over the complete basis for an explicit function $f : \{0,1\}^n \to \{0,1\}$, cf. Jukna's answer to this question for related results.
What are the best know... | {
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This book is in Open Review. We want your feedback to make the book better for you and other students. You may annotate some text by selecting it with the cursor and then click the on the pop-up menu. You can also see the annotations of others: click the in the upper right hand corner of the page
3.3 Hypothesis Tests ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9195926189422607,... |
thermodynamics
$$
\oint TdS-PdV = 0
$$
so this defines a state function:
$$
U(S,V) = \int_{(S_0,V_0)}^{(S,V)}TdS-PdV
$$
with $(S_0,V_0)$ fixed and integral taking any path between the two endpoints. $U$ is well defined since the integral is independent of the chosen path, the difference being a loop which is $0$. The... | {
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thermodynamics, magnetism
So, it would seem that O$_{4}$ units, whether long lived 'molecules' or temporary short ranged order is the answer to the deviation from Curie's law in liquid oxygen.
Several comments on these O$_{4}$ units - first, as noted in the paper above, 'long lived' means under a picosecond (which doe... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, magnetism",
"url": null
} |
ruby, multithreading, networking, child-process
Title: Ruby script on-all-nodes-run not only for teaching I wrote the following Ruby script several years ago and have been using it often ever since on a Bioinformatics computer cluster.
It pulls out a list of hosts from the Torque queuing system qnodes. It ssh'es and r... | {
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c, array, interview-questions
Note that first, we use const and second, we use size_t rather than int for the second argument to more clearly indicate the type of variable we are expecting.
Use better variable names
I would say that nums, size and i are good variable names, but that fun and fun2 and definitely sum are... | {
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"tags": "c, array, interview-questions",
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general-relativity, special-relativity, tensor-calculus, notation
Title: Tensors index notation Symmetrisation/antisymmetrisation I am having trouble figuring out what is the development of the following equation due to its notation
Its a definition for the <> notation, and all that was previously stated was that $u... | {
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... |
USA Tom. Example: a matrix representation of the C 3v point group (the ammonia molecule) 10. But a matrix with complex non real entries cannot act on Rn, since for x 2Rn the image Mx may not belong to Rn (while certainly Mx 2Cn). translate. Transformation matrix is a basic tool for transformation. But matrices can also... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6772881150245667,
"tags"... |
ros, moveit, moveit-tutorial
Title: Planning Scene/C++ API Tutorial missing part
Hi, as I was reading this tutorial (sorry but I don't have enough karma to post a real link):
xxxx://docs.ros.org/api/pr2_moveit_tutorials/html/planning/src/doc/planning_scene_tutorial.html
I saw that the right way to maintain current p... | {
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moveit, clion, cmake, catkin
Any ideas?
Originally posted by blightzyear on ROS Answers with karma: 3 on 2018-01-09
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by mgruhler on 2018-01-09:
Did you source your ROS Environment? Do you build with catkin_make or catkin build?
Comment by blightzyear on 2018-01-09:
What do you ... | {
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javascript, html, sorting
<body>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th onclick="sort_table(people, 0, asc1); asc1 *= -1; asc2 = 1; asc3 = 1;">Name</th>
<th onclick="sort_table(people, 1, asc2); asc2 *= -1; asc3 = 1; asc1 = 1;">Surname</th>
<th onclick="sort_ta... | {
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"tags": "javascript, html, sorting",
"url": null
} |
signal-analysis, transform, local-features, hilbert-transform
If we take $\mathrm{SU}(n)$ for the general case we also require an $n$-dimensional vector space for a faithful irreducible representation, so that we will allow signals in $L^2(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}^n)$ and the Hilbert transform is a continuous linear shif... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "signal-analysis, transform, local-features, hilbert-transform",
"url": null
} |
computer-architecture, mips
Title: R2000 ALU Design probably a couple decades too late to ask this question, but does anyone know anything/have detailed documentation about the hardware/design underlying the ALU unit in the early MIPS R2000 CPU?
Ideally I am looking for a circuit diagram like the following:
I don't n... | {
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"tags": "computer-architecture, mips",
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According to the former equivalence, for any $\epsilon>0$ there exists an elementary set $B\setminus E\subseteq C$ such that
$m(C).
By using the latter equivalence, there exists an elementary set $A\subseteq B$ such that
$m_{*}(B)-\epsilon /2.
It follows from lemma 2 and inequality (2) that $m(B)-m_{*}(E). $B\setmi... | {
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"tags"... |
c, game, opengl
Then you can use the variable in a dependencies line or a command. Probably both.
all:bounce
bounce:$(OBJECTS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LDLIBS)
The special variable $@ expands to the target of the production, here bounce. And the special variable $^ expands to the dependencies from the produ... | {
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"tags": "c, game, opengl",
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It is not true in general. Let $a=0,b=2 \pi, f=g=\sin$. Then $\int_a^b f(x)g(x)dx >0$, but $\int_a^b g(x)dx = 0$.
If $g \ge 0$, then it is true:
If $g=0$, its is clearly true, so suppose $g \neq 0$ (and hence$\int_a^b g(x)dx > 0$).
Let $\overline{f} = \max_{x \in [a,b]} f(x)$, and $\underline{f} = \min_{x \in [a,b]}... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245932423308,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9330653548240662,
"ta... |
c++, tic-tac-toe
Title: Tic Tac Toe with classes I have created Tic Tac Toe in c++ using classes. Is this efficient code?
And GNU GCC compiler gives these warnings:
Warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
Warning: extended initializer lists only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11 [enab... | {
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"tags": "c++, tic-tac-toe",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, dirac-equation, spinors, chirality
Left-handed spin up,
Left-handed spin down,
Right-handed spin up,
Right-handed spin down.
Spin up and down are with respect to some arbitrary axis, which we often set to the $z$-axis .
Electron and positron(or negative-energy electron) states are identified fro... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, dirac-equation, spinors, chirality",
"url": null
} |
ruby, parsing, csv
def eof
nil
end
def delimiter
@delimiter
end
def quotes
'"'
end
end
assertions.rb
# An exception to represent assertion violations.
#
class AssertionError < RuntimeError
end
# Evaluates the given block as a boolean expression and throws an AssertionError
# in case it result... | {
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"tags": "ruby, parsing, csv",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11, template, event-handling, variadic
Delegate(Delegate&& d)
: DelegateContainer<Args...>(std::move(d))
, _t(std::move(d._t))
, _callback(std::move(d._callback))
{}
Delegate& operator= (const Delegate& d)
{
DelegateContainer<Args...>::operator= (d);
_t = d._t;
_callback = d._callback;
return *t... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c++11, template, event-handling, variadic",
"url": null
} |
fourier-transform, convolution, fourier-series, self-study
Title: Convolution in frequency domain Simple math question. The convolution theorem states that multiplication in time domain is equal to convolution in frequency domain and vice versa. There is a condition that the signal has to be properly zero padded as to... | {
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"tags": "fourier-transform, convolution, fourier-series, self-study",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, operators, angular-momentum, mathematical-physics, hydrogen
Why would $(\hat{\textbf{P}}^{2})^{2}$ by non Hermitian for $l=0$?
2.Why does this mean that my expression $\hat{V}=-\frac{1}{2m_{e}c^{2}}\left(\hat{H}_{\mathrm{non-rel}}+\frac{e^{2}}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}|\hat{\textbf{R}}|}\right)^{2}
$ is inv... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, operators, angular-momentum, mathematical-physics, hydrogen",
... |
c#, beginner, object-oriented, playing-cards
Am I Making too many instances here? can this be made better?
This will most likely be my last post on this project as I think I have reached the limit of my ability to expand it further. I genuinely appreciate all and any suggestions people have for my code.
If you wish t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, beginner, object-oriented, playing-cards",
"url": null
} |
javascript, datetime, validation
Title: JS function to check if a date is in the correct format I wrote the following JS function to check if a date comes in the right format and can be used further down in the application
const getInvalidDay = day => {
const date = new Date(day);
const dateToMoments = [date.getUT... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 43496,
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"tags": "javascript, datetime, validation",
"url": null
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c
for(j = 0; j < GRADE; j++){
sum[j] = 0;
for(k = 0; k < GRADE + 1; k++){
pr = 1;
for(i = 0; i < GRADE + 1; i++){
if(k != i)
pr = pr * ((xVal[j] - xNode[i])/(xNode[k] - xNode[i]));
}
sum[j] = sum[j] + yNode[k] * pr;
... | {
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"id": 27341,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c",
"url": null
} |
semiconductor-physics
Title: Widening of depletion region Why does the width of the depletion region of a p-n junction diode increase when it's reverse biased by connecting it to an external voltage source? In a somewhat simplistic explanation, since the N side is connected to the positive side of the external voltag... | {
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"tags": "semiconductor-physics",
"url": null
} |
python, algorithm, python-2.x, numpy, clustering
Title: K-Mean with Numpy I have implemented the K-Mean clustering Algorithm in Numpy:
from __future__ import division
import numpy as np
def kmean_step(centroids, datapoints):
ds = centroids[:,np.newaxis]-datapoints
e_dists = np.sqrt(np.sum(np.square(ds),axis=... | {
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"tags": "python, algorithm, python-2.x, numpy, clustering",
"url": null
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For initial velocity $V$ and elevation angle $\alpha$, the trajectory will be given by \begin{align} x(t) &= V\cos(\alpha)\;t\\ y(t) &= V\sin(\alpha)\;t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2 \end{align} For this trajectory, the apex will be when the derivative $y'(t_{apex})=0$. This gives us $$t_{apex}=\frac{V}{g}\sin\alpha$$ which gives us... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 565.3203380908516,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9882428050041199,
"tag... |
newtonian-gravity, geophysics, planets
Title: How does gravity behave outside the geoid? I was watching a program about the geoid recently and the relative "height" of the Himalayan plateau gave me an idea. It makes sense for the geoid to be "highest" (is that the correct term?) there as there is more mass underneath ... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-gravity, geophysics, planets",
"url": null
} |
.net, vb.net
Title: IIF shortern to one datarow .Net Is it possible to shorten the Isnull checking?
It would be great to shorten this code and only have to put the datarow once.
This code imports data details (usually there would be more .x = IIF.... statements)
Public Class apPropertyFunctions
Public Func... | {
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} |
Proof: Take $\tau^*=\inf\{ n\geq 0:Y_n\geq\delta\}$ and $\tau = \tau^*\wedge N$. Now $\tau\leq N$ a.s. and $\tau$ is a stopping time with respect to the natural filtration of $Y$. Denote $$p = \mathsf P\left\{\sup\limits_{n\leq N} Y_n\geq \delta\right\},$$ so now $\mathsf{P}\{\tau = \tau^*\} = p$.
We have $$\mathsf EY... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9292986989021301,
"ta... |
python, sampling, lowpass-filter, scipy
# Creating the data for filteration
T = 5.0 # value taken in seconds
n = int(T * fs) # indicates total samples
t = np.linspace(0, T, n, endpoint=False)
data = np.sin(1.2*2*np.pi*t) + 1.5*np.cos(9*2*np.pi*t) + 0.5*np.sin(12.0*2*np.pi*t)
# Filtering and plotting
y = butt... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, sampling, lowpass-filter, scipy",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, hilbert-space, feynman-diagrams, correlation-functions, s-matrix-theory
The $S$-matrix elements are obtained from the pertinent Green function using the Lehman-Symanzik-Zimmermann (LSZ) reduction formalism. The elastic scattering of two spin $0$ bosons may serve as an example, $$\langle p_3,p_4 \... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, hilbert-space, feynman-diagrams, correlation-functions, s-ma... |
pid, quadcopter
Title: How to tune the two PIDs for quadrotor I'm trying to implement two PIDs for stabilizing quadrotor for position tracking. The inputs are $x_{d}(t), y_{d}(t), z_{d}(t)$ and $\psi_{d}(t)$. For position tracking, usually the small angle assumption is assumed. This assumption allows for acquiring $\t... | {
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"tags": "pid, quadcopter",
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~MRENTHUSIASM
## Solution 4
Let $C_n$ be the probability that Frieda is on the central square after n moves, $E_n$ be the probability that Frieda is on one of the four squares on the middle of the edges after n moves, and $V_n$ (V for vertex) be the probability that Frieda is on a corner after n moves. The only way t... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8170498076306615,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267118026095991,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 559.6476316197563,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7336527705192566,
... |
ros, arduino, rosserial, beginner
Title: Custom Mobile Robot with ROS
Hye, for your information, im a new ROS user . my task in the university is to implement ROS in custom mobile robot. i already try the rosserial to connect arduino+ros+low level device. But i seems not clear about the different of ROS and another n... | {
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"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics
Finally, imagine that the detector is very imprecise and therefore can't distinguish between any of the three values. Then the result of the measurement is $a_1$-or-$a_2$-or-$a_3$, and the post-measurement state is therefore the projection on the subspace spanned by all three eigenvectors, but this i... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
with this function. In addition, we discuss how to evaluate some basic logarithms including the use of the change of base formula. Sound . We give the basic properties and graphs of logarithm functions. and logarithmic identities here. We will also discuss the common logarithm, log(x), and the natural logarithm, ln(x).... | {
"domain": "adamgemili.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9884918482235152,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8300701777557332,
"lm_q2_score": 0.839733963661418,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 564.4520563560498,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7276634573936462,
"tags": ... |
of an 's. Whether or not the number of iterations as a dichotomies divide-and-conquer search algorithm to work,! Search is an efficient search algorithm binary search — searching a sorted array or list of elements must sorted. For a word in a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval half. … BST is a sear... | {
"domain": "managed-marketing.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9674102561735719,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8183733937421016,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424411924673,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 704.9276266783045,
"openwebmath_score": 0.26427021622657776,
... |
conformers, cyclohexane
H -1.1814251431 0.6916654706 -1.2293744660
C -1.3009787861 -0.3905116297 0.6116386064
C -2.7523814313 -0.8697957935 0.5761213628
H -3.1371030728 -0.8924849595 -0.4399103572
H -3.3850864608 -0.21... | {
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"tags": "conformers, cyclohexane",
"url": null
} |
# Integral of absolute value of X and area under the curve.
Here's my question. We know that the absolute value of X looks like:
Clearly, we can see, since the absolute value of x is always greater than or equal to 0, the area under the curve is always positive. Why then does it integrate to the following? Where the ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245891029457,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 118.29868326947386,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9285507798194885,
"tag... |
evolution, cell-biology
What do you mean by multicellularity?
The evolution of multicellularity can be discussed in the context where sister cells form an organism together or when unrelated cells (among the same species or even cells from different species) come together to form an organism. Also, the multicellularit... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 6273,
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"tags": "evolution, cell-biology",
"url": null
} |
to x 2x+1 ) 3 applying logarithms to nonlogarithmic functions the of... = ( 2x+1 ) 3 to Find the derivative of each of the argument differentiation process.. Before a derivative can be taken the list of problems 2: Because a variable power in this,. Ordinary rules of differentiation do NOT need to simplify or substitut... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9559813538993888,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8608896854357395,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.950741708278656,
... |
print 1.0 * probability/(6**6 * 4**9)
we obtain the answer. Great 🙂
Project Euler 240
There are $1111$ ways in which five six-sided dice (sides numbered $1$ to $6$) can be rolled so that the top three sum to $15$. Some examples are:
$\begin{array}{rcl} D_1,D_2,D_3,D_4,D_5 &=& 4,3,6,3,5\\ D_1,D_2,D_3,D_4,D_5 &=& 4... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9845754452025767,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8288408555649722,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256412990657,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1258.467087904962,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8504252433776855,
"tags": nul... |
organic-chemistry, drugs
Title: What are aryl chlorides currently used for? In a recent paper by Gustafson et al. (DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02650) the authors open with the argument that
aryl chlorides are both versatile synthetic handles and common functionalities in drug discovery. | {
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Since I have not found it in any comment or answer here as yet (and neither in Lam's book), let me add that (two-sided) Noetherian rings of this form have been investigated in J. T. Stafford: Noetherian Full Quotient Rings (Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 44 (1982) pp. 385-404). Quote:
Let $A(R)$ be the largest Artinian i... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8539127548105611,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 251.61371438695124,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8568684458732605,
"t... |
organic-chemistry, nomenclature, carbonyl-compounds, cyclohexane
From there, I imagine you can figure out the rest: the cyclohexane as a valid chain is also the longest chain, you start numbering from the functional group, etc. Hope that helped explain the teacher's answer! | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, nomenclature, carbonyl-compounds, cyclohexane",
"url": null... |
quantum-mechanics, operators, hamiltonian, quantum-computer, observables
from which we can calculate
$$ H(t) = i\hbar \frac{dU(t)}{dt} U(t)^{-1}$$
Note that you need continuous evolution to be able to define the hamiltonian. The quantum gate is an unitary transformation, but generally you only know its final effect, a... | {
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"url"... |
I don't think your answer is correct. I got 2x-y+2z=0 for the other plane. (But I may have messed up as well.)
LCKurtz
Here's another approach you might try. You have a unit normal $\hat n = \frac 1 3\langle 2,-1,2\rangle$, and using that in your formula gave $-\frac 2 3$. This just means your normal points to the oth... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339616560072,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 268.69799112140106,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8395141363143921,
... |
c++
Title: Sphere-Plane collision test I'm worried about my own attempt at a solution for a Sphere-Plane collision testing. I originally implemented a solution I found on a mix of Game Development websites around the place, which was similar enough to the following:
bool intersecting(BoundingSphere const& s, Vector3 c... | {
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"tags": "c++",
"url": null
} |
terminology, concurrency, semantics
Title: What does it mean that a value can only be incremented after it's been loaded into a register? Consider the following program:
const int n = 50;
int tally;
void total() {
int count;
for (count = 1; count <= n; count++){
tally++;
}
}
void main() {
tally = 0;
pa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "terminology, concurrency, semantics",
"url": null
} |
The other way to look at it is to consider that $$f(x)$$, being periodic and regular, can be represented by a Fourier series $$f(x)=\frac{a_0}2+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(a_n\cos\frac{2\pi n(x-a)}{b-a}+b_n\sin\frac{2\pi n(x-a)}{b-a}\right)$$ Since it's periodic, $$f(a)=f(b)$$ and the trapezoidal rule computes $$\int_a^bf... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9857180681726682,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8981663005391195,
"lm_q2_score": 0.9111797069968974,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1170.837746442434,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7842830419540405,
"tag... |
physical-chemistry, thermodynamics
$$\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S$$
to give us an easier way to talk about it. Processes will happen (on their own) if $\Delta G$ is negative, they won't happen if it's positive, and when they are at equilibrium, $\Delta G$ will be zero. | {
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} |
whose directional derivative in the direction of $$\mathrm y \in \mathbb R^n$$ at $$\mathrm x \in \mathbb R^n$$ is
$$D_{\mathrm y} f (\mathrm x) := \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f (\mathrm x + h \mathrm y) - f (\mathrm x)}{h} = \cdots = \langle \mathrm y, \mathrm J_{\mathrm v}^\top (\mathrm x) \, \mathrm A \, \mathrm v (\mathr... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9865717468373084,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8385575475298545,
"lm_q2_score": 0.849971175657575,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 123.80226643624209,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9145283699035645,
"tag... |
estimation, complex
The story behind is that a complex random variable (rv) is simply a vector of two real random variables. A vector of $n$ complex rv is indeed a vector of $2n$ real rv.
You are talking about the case $n=1$, 1 complex Gaussian rv $Z = Z_r + jZ_i$ or a vector of 2 real Gaussian rv $[Z_r,Z_i]^T$. As wi... | {
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c++, c++11, networking
b.push("xxx");
b.print();
b.pop(3);
b.print();
b.pop(3);
b.print();
b.pop(b.size()); // same as b.clear()
b.print();
} One of the benefits of circular buffers is that they can be filled up to the entire size of the buffer, with completed fields being extracted from... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c++11, networking",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, interactions
Title: Gell-Mann Low Theorem and Vacuum Energy I know that the sum of vacuum bubbles can be related to the Vacuum energy, but I'm trying to understand how this follows from the Gell-Mann Low theorem/equation. My question will use equations from Peskin and Schroeder's (1995) text.
I ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, interactions",
"url": null
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php, api, laravel, client
return array_filter([
'method' => $method,
'atomicityGroup' => uniqid(null, true),
'id' => 'id_' . uniqid(null, true),
'url' => $uri,
'body' => (empty($body)) ? null : $body,
'headers' => [
'Content-Type' ... | {
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"tags": "php, api, laravel, client",
"url": null
} |
ros, navigation, gps, map-to-odom, robot-localization
If it's (2), I would expect that, because GPS will drift, and your GPS coordinates when you start between any two runs will change. Your IMU can also drift, as magnetometers are notoriously terrible.
Is it OK to set the fixed frame to map for RViz visualization? O... | {
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"tags": "ros, navigation, gps, map-to-odom, robot-localization",
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ros, ros-hydro, ubuntu-precise, ubuntu
Title: Creating a ROS msg
Has anyone tried this tutorial of ROS for creating messages in order to communicate with the nodes.
I am using ubuntu 12.04 ver and ROS Hydro for this.
The error what i am getting is that i am not able to catkin_make it. It gives some error regarding th... | {
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# 1988 AIME Problems/Problem 15
## Problem
In an office at various times during the day, the boss gives the secretary a letter to type, each time putting the letter on top of the pile in the secretary's inbox. When there is time, the secretary takes the top letter off the pile and types it. There are nine letters to ... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9854964211605607,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8147215080765643,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117876664789,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8628807067871094,
... |
c#, performance, algorithm, strings, .net
Here I find the index too general. It looks like it should be called e.g. firstLetterIndex.
Alternative? ;-)
You could use regex to clean-up the string.
public static string CapitalizeSentence(this string source)
{
return
Regex
.Replace(
... | {
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"tags": "c#, performance, algorithm, strings, .net",
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beginner, c, stack
if(top!=NULL)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
int main(void)
{
struct Stack *top=NULL;
int i=0,y,flag=0;
char str[]="((A+B)+(C+D)>";
printf("\n Running the programe to check if the string is balanced or not ");
for(i=0;str[i]... | {
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"tags": "beginner, c, stack",
"url": null
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java, concurrency, guava, bitcoin
That last line basically ignores the count, but swaps it for a key.
Now we filter out keys that don't match our criteria:
LongStream.iterate(0, i -> i + 1)
.peek(count -> progress(count))
.mapToObj(count -> new ECKey())
.filter(key -> key.toAddress(NET_PA... | {
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"tags": "java, concurrency, guava, bitcoin",
"url": null
} |
m5kyav99s5 yzr2beqh645 pbeumaqwtpf 4zlbtdcdie llcl5zo9saqdud yy631j456pok6e 8tqh8c4bufos34z raw6fiitlbl7kx h5osq769frf67 ec03uhetjhko w96l6qutuoe esb7pypo3s8gwue rw43ugg9c7t ufq3sajh4w hwgn39m81p 9past3x7cpn86 k5bpivs78gdt6s6 c6pf6w8qa9 i27stl0vud7pp ng0kyp7oa45y0 je9z0olb2ia 46fits9b5ig9n pozq4gnr0ig2 cvk40bb0w9y gn0f... | {
"domain": "accademiakravmagaitalia.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9863631631151012,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8132188650601485,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619177503205,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 484.8709305420036,
"openwebmath_score": 0.877098917961120... |
The taylor series for sinx converges more slowly for. The taylor series for fxcosx at a pi2 is summation from zero to infinity cnxpi2n find the first few coefficients c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 get more help from chegg get 1. And thats why it makes applying the maclaurin series formula fairly straightforward. In mathematics, a tay... | {
"domain": "web.app",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9901401455693091,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8530435680995675,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8615382094310357,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 335.70207560203755,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9193335771560669,
"tags": null,... |
java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded
Title: Programming challenge - report fraudulent banking activity times out How can I optimise this code
there is time out error
Program Challenge:
HackerLand National Bank has a simple policy for warning clients about possible fraudulent account activity. If the amoun... | {
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"tags": "java, programming-challenge, time-limit-exceeded",
"url": null
} |
8. Originally Posted by Ackbeet
CB: are you using $\log_{2}(i)$? Or is this a lower bound? The number you came up with seems a bit low to me, at least given the numerical approximation to the sum that Mathematica gives me.
No $\log_e$ but if you intended $\log_2$ in the original there is a simple scale factor to get th... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8079533553555661,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619177503206,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 318.4795947555046,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8852648735046387,
... |
machine-learning, deep-learning
1 Bottou, L. (2010). Large-scale machine learning with stochastic gradient descent. In Proceedings of COMPSTAT'2010 (pp. 177-186). Physica-Verlag HD.
[2] Ge, R., Huang, F., Jin, C., & Yuan, Y. (2015, June). Escaping From Saddle Points-Online Stochastic Gradient for Tensor Decomposition.... | {
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"tags": "machine-learning, deep-learning",
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} |
# Lipschitz function with right derivative =0
$f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ is a Lipschitz function satisfying $$\forall x\in\mathbb{R}, \lim_{n\to\infty} n(f(x+\frac1n)-f(x))=0$$ I want to show that $f$ is constant everywhere. I proved $$\lim_{y\to x^+} \frac{|f(y)-f(x)|}{|y-x|}=0$$ by choosing $y\in[x+\frac1{n+1},x+\f... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9683812345563902,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8306465399943903,
"lm_q2_score": 0.857768108626046,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 220.00272611107238,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9696313142776489,
"tag... |
meteorology, mesoscale-meteorology
In a sense, the fact pressure at one elevation induces changes\motion in another elevation maybe shouldn't seem any less weird than the fact that a low-level low pressure system can affect the wind and weather hundreds of miles away from it horizontally. This isn't spooky action at ... | {
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"tags": "meteorology, mesoscale-meteorology",
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ros, xacro
<link_n_box name="base_link" origin_rpy="0 0 0" origin_xyz="0 0 0" size="1 1 1" />
You are not using the correct synax to create an instance of a macro. The correct way is:
<xacro:link_n_box name=... />
Edit: I think this syntax change happened quite a few years ago.
Originally posted by Mike Scheutzow ... | {
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"tags": "ros, xacro",
"url": null
} |
catkin, roscpp
and more. To investigate this, I tried to compile the vanilla beginner tutorial with talker.cpp and listener.cpp. See code in this gist, in particular catkin_make.out.
I'm using GCC 4.9:
tsbertalan@Sigurd:~/catkin_ws$ g++ -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-l... | {
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"tags": "catkin, roscpp",
"url": null
} |
physical-chemistry, reaction-mechanism, equilibrium, free-energy
Title: Gibbs free energy in standard state vs. equilibrium I have a problem with the definition of the standard Gibbs energy and its connection to the equilibrium constants.
I think, that I've basically understood what the different equation mean but the... | {
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"tags": "physical-chemistry, reaction-mechanism, equilibrium, free-energy",
"url": null... |
quantum-mechanics, operators, potential, scattering, greens-functions
Title: Contradiction in operator identity from potential scattering Consider the potential scattering problem described by the Hamiltonian
$$H=K+V$$
where $K$ is the kinetic energy operator (e.g. $K=-\frac{1}{2} \nabla^2$) and $V$ is a position depe... | {
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"url": n... |
Therefore, $\text{Range}(y) = (- \infty,0) \cup (0,1) \cup (1,\infty)$.
-
thanks..... but if no factors cancel out then? – user60576 Feb 1 '13 at 17:23
thanks..... but if no factors cancel out then? like if it is.....y=((x^2)-3x+2)/((x^2)-7x+12) – user60576 Feb 1 '13 at 17:30
Then you check where the denominator is $0... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9845754483707558,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.800329212852716,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8128673269042767,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 158.57820311809786,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9938986301422119,
"tag... |
fourier-transform, continuous-signals, power-spectral-density, ergodic, periodogram
Title: A check on the definition of the continuous periodogram, and does it assume ergodicity somewhere? Can someone verify my understanding of what the continuous periodogram is/means, and please tell me if I say something wrong:
As ... | {
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"tags": "fourier-transform, continuous-signals, power-spectral-density, ergodic, periodogram",
... |
c++, design-patterns, classes, image
Getters
Friend class
If you want to make a friend class, just do something like this:
class Writer ;
class BMP
{
//...
private:
friend class Writer ;
}
Now the Writer class can access all of BMP's data fields.
I would personally suggest using getters though. You could ha... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, design-patterns, classes, image",
"url": null
} |
c#, .net, asp.net-core, encryption
private string GetEncodedRandomString(int length)
{
var base64 = Convert.ToBase64String(GenerateRandomBytes(length));
return base64;
}
/// <summary>
/// Create an AES Cipher using a base64 key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
... | {
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"tags": "c#, .net, asp.net-core, encryption",
"url": null
} |
image, html5, svg, base64
CwgJCAkICxELDAsLDAsRDxIPDg8SDxsVExMVGx8aGRofJiIiJjAtMD4+VP/CABEIAAMB4AMBIgAC
EQEDEQH/xAAaAAEAAwEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgQFAwYH/8QAGwEAAgMBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAABAUC
AwYAAQj/2gAMAwEAAhADEAA... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "image, html5, svg, base64",
"url": null
} |
c#, ajax, asp.net-mvc
public ActionResult MyProfile(NavigationPanelInputModel inputModel)
{
var item = inputModel.Item ?? "InitialList";
var navigationPanelViewModel = new NavigationPanelViewModel();
navigationPanelViewModel.Title = "My Profile";
navigationPanelViewModel.Navigation... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, ajax, asp.net-mvc",
"url": null
} |
Therefore $$\lim_n P[n]=\sqrt{e}$$
• thank you, that was beautiful – Lucas Tonon Apr 25 '18 at 23:47
Considering $$P_n=\prod_{i=1}^{n-1} \left(1+\frac i {n^2} \right)\implies \log(P_n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n-1} \log\left(1+\frac i {n^2} \right)$$ Since $n$ is large, by Taylor (or even using simple equivalents) $$\log\left(1+\... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.975576912076157,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8108439681231824,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430478583168,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 854.4244194163715,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9980521202087402,
"tags... |
ros, ros-hydro, rosaria, pioneer
Scanning dependencies of target geometry_msgs_generate_messages_lisp
[ 83%] Built target geometry_msgs_generate_messages_lisp
Scanning dependencies of target rosaria_generate_messages_lisp
[100%] Generating Lisp code from rosaria/BumperState.msg
[100%] Built target rosaria_generate_mes... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-hydro, rosaria, pioneer",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, energy, angular-momentum
Title: Sublimating Dry Ice off of Spinning Disk removes Momentum or Mass only If you have a spinning disk coated in a layer of dry ice with some initial angular momentum, when the dry sublimates, do the leaving particles of gaseous carbon dioxide leave with any of the m... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, energy, angular-momentum",
"url": null
} |
dna, digestion
Title: why is cellulase not found in animals? As it is really beneficial for all organisms, why are animals, especially mammals (I don't know about other vertebrates) unable to synthesize cellulase enzyme in their body? Is it linked to some DNA defects or have we not evolved from cellulase producing bac... | {
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"id": 4950,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "dna, digestion",
"url": null
} |
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