text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
|---|---|
this is obviously an integral equation which when utilising Laplace (or Fourier transforms) may yield an analytical solution.
Cheers again for the problem, really enjoyed working on it!
David
ps - I do have one discrepency with you solution,
I have erf(...) = (1-K)/(1+K)
on your second line, are you sure you have ... | {
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• Von Neumann
$\begin{array}{l} 0=\varnothing\\ 1=0\cup\{0\}=\{0\}=\{\varnothing\}\\ 2=1\cup\{1\}=\{0,1\}=\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\}\}\\ 3=2\cup\{2\}=\{0,1,2\}=\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\},\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\}\}\}\\ n+1=n\cup\{n\}=\{0,1,2,..,n\}=\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\},\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\}\... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8338169779719897,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8519527963298946,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 309.59539378527467,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7147682905197144,
"ta... |
Rather than give a detailed argument, I’ll use an example to illustrate how to reconstruct the seating arrangement from a permutation. Suppose that $n=9$ and I start with the more less randomly chosen permutation $694872531$. Clearly $6$ must be a table leader, and in fact the largest-numbered table leader. Scan the pe... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8930996656417847,
"ta... |
python, pattern-recognition, sequence-modeling, data-mining
sequential approach
def find_patterns(S, N, m, M):
root= TreeNode(None, 0, 0)
active_nodes= []
for el in S:
root.count+=1
# append the root node
active_nodes.append(root)
# now replace all nodes in active nodes by t... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, pattern-recognition, sequence-modeling, data-mining",
"url": null
} |
cc.complexity-theory, graph-theory, graph-isomorphism, np-intermediate
Title: GI-hard graph problem not known to be $NP$-complete Graph Isomorphism ($GI$) is good candidate for $NP$-intermediate problem. $NP$-intermediate problems exist unless $P=NP$. I'm looking for natural problem that is hard for $GI$ under Karp re... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "cc.complexity-theory, graph-theory, graph-isomorphism, np-intermediate",
"url": ... |
visible-light, laser, coherence
Title: Is a ray of light, produced by an ordinary light bulb, filtered through a perfect monochromatic filter and 2 (in-line) pinholes, coherent? A physicist once told me it is not, because even if it is perfectly monochromatic and perfectly collimated (by the two in-line pinholes), eac... | {
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"tags": "visible-light, laser, coherence",
"url": null
} |
Proof of Fact E.2
Let $X$ be a compact space. Let $U_1,U_2,U_3,\cdots$ be open subsets of $X$ such that each $U_i$ is also a dense subset of $X$. Let $V$ a non-empty open subset of $X$. We wish to show that $V$ contains a point that belongs to each $U_i$. Since $U_1$ is dense in $X$, $O_1=V \cap U_1$ is non-empty. Sinc... | {
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"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9843363545048391,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8265806744663752,
"lm_q2_score": 0.83973396967765,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 90.51940825272462,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9695743918418884,
"tags": nu... |
c++, beginner, object-oriented, eigen
Eigen::VectorXd LSM::Findcallpath(Eigen::VectorXd S, const double K){
Eigen::VectorXd path(S.size());
int count = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < S.size(); i++){
if(S(i) - K > 0){
path(count) = i;
count++;
}
}
path.conservativeResi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, beginner, object-oriented, eigen",
"url": null
} |
Dataplot Vol 2 Vol 1
# EMPIRICAL QUANTILE FUNCTION
Name:
EMPIRICAL QUANTILE FUNCTION (LET)
Type:
Let Subcommand
Purpose:
Compute the empirical quantile function.
Description:
The quantile function is the inverse of the cumulative distribution function, F,
$$Q(u) = F^{-1}(u) \hspace{0.2in} 0 < u < 1$$
Given a set of... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 7327.1706070325745,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5834603309631348,
"tags": null... |
performance, vba, excel
Title: Searching for an empty row in a given destination It simply searches for an empty row in a given destination. If it is empty, it performs certain actions (copying, pasting, etc.). If it is not empty, it goes to another row. I managed to do it with dozens of If formulas, but doing it in... | {
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"tags": "performance, vba, excel",
"url": null
} |
There are $2^5$ subsets of {$1,2,3,4,5$} and we are only taking those and sticking a $6$ into them. There are $2^5$ such sets.
• I like your way of dividing it up. That makes good sense! – John Aug 25 '16 at 20:16
• You have to be careful in assuming that your condition is exactly 1/2 though. In this case you can but ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8774767986961403,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 292.80404298376527,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8369197845458984,
"tag... |
php, pagination
/*
* Set the query to run
*/
$this->query = $query;
/*
* Populate the options array
*/
if(!empty($options))
{
foreach($options as $key => $value)
{
if(array_key_exists($key, $this->options))
... | {
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"id": 1382,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, pagination",
"url": null
} |
html, css, sass
@media (max-width: 576px) {
.section-header {
font-size: 26px;
text-align: center;
}
}
@media (max-width: 992px) {
.section-header {
text-align: center;
}
}
.header__logo {
font-size: 20px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.header__logo span {
color: black;
font-family: 'Righteous', ... | {
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"tags": "html, css, sass",
"url": null
} |
The answer is: 133,320.
List the $4! = 24$ permutations of the four digits
,. . and consider their sum.
. . $\begin{array}{cc}
&2468 \\ &2486 \\ &2648 \\ &2684 \\ &2846 \\ &2864 \\ &\vdots \\
&8246 \\ &8264 \\ &8426 \\ &8462 \\ &8624 \\ + & 8642 \\ \hline
\end{array}$
We find that each column has: six 2's, six 4's, ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8538596034049988,
... |
(So, for instance, any prime power is a nilpotent number. A product of two distinct primes $pq$ is a nilpotent number unless $p \equiv 1 \pmod q$ or $q \equiv 1 \pmod p$.)
Then, for $n \in \mathbb{Z}^+$:
(i) (Pazderski, 1959) Every group of order $n$ is nilpotent iff $n$ is a nilpotent number.
(ii) (Dickson, 1905) Ev... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8519528000888386,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 342.2592933142293,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9116901755332947,
"tags... |
ros, usb-cam-node, usb-cam, camera
libswresample 2. 0.100 / 2. 0.100
libpostproc 54. 0.100 / 54. 0.100
Hyper fast Audio and Video encoder
usage: ffmpeg [options] [[infile options] -i infile]... {[outfile options] outfile}... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, usb-cam-node, usb-cam, camera",
"url": null
} |
vba
Private Sub Class_Initialize()
' bypass all setters & getters when initializing
' shared props
'mName =
mDriver = DSN_DRIVER_EMPTY
mDSNType = DSN_SYSTEM
mBitMode = DSN_32BIT
'mDriverFile =
'mDesc =
'mServer =
' sql server
'mDatabase =
mTrustedConnection = True
' o... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "vba",
"url": null
} |
catkin-make, catkin, ros-indigo
Also, I've already installed empy, soo the error on "import em" is kinda weird (specially when this line works perfectly fine when I try it on any other python2 file).
Thanks!
PS: I'm using ROS Indigo btw.
Originally posted by pedrocunial on ROS Answers with karma: 11 on 2016-03-05
Pos... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "catkin-make, catkin, ros-indigo",
"url": null
} |
electrochemistry, conductivity
The IS units of conductivity are therefore siemens per metre (S/m).
Note that unlike conductance, which is an extensive quantity, conductivity is an intensive quantity which doesn't depend on the size of the conducting element. According to 19th century naming conventions, conductivity c... | {
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"tags": "electrochemistry, conductivity",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, standard-model, gauge-theory, renormalization, gauge-symmetry
As the theory is renormalisable one can show that in the end we need only one counter-term for each bare quantity, such that we can just write down a counter-term Lagrangian which has the same form of the bare quantities.
When does thi... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, standard-model, gauge-theory, renormalization, gauge-symmetr... |
c++, neural-network
}
void Net::definedescenttype(const std::string& descenttypeS)
{
if (descenttypeS == "SGD")
{
descenttype = 1;
}
else if (descenttypeS == "MiniBatch")
{
descenttype = 2;
}
else std::cout << "No descenttype chose, default SGD set" << '\n';
}
double Net::re... | {
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• thanx for your answer. I am trying it right now. As far as you being mysterious is concerned: I can give you the link, from where these questions are taken. This question was asked in an exam in the year 2004. – Mathy Jun 21 '13 at 15:20
• Cool. Also, if anything I wrote is too vague, I can definitely clarify. – Alex... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8479677506936878,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 194.80442470369437,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9064562320709229,
"ta... |
php, curl
Title: Getting a remote file to local storage I've prepared a function using cURL to get a remote file to the local storage:
/**
* cURL - Get Remove File
*
* Function using CURL the get a remote file to the local storage.
*
* @param str $url Full remote URL
* @param str $xml_path ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, curl",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++20, deque
int pos_idx = std::distance(begin(), pos);
int new_size = m_size + count;
// Ensure there is enough space for the new elements
while (idx_to_block_position(new_size - 1).first >=
back_blocks.size()) {
back_blocks.push_back(new T[BLOCK_SIZE]);
... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, c++20, deque",
"url": null
} |
audio
Title: How to make a silence? I am trying to make a method in my simple application which is like SetSilence(); Now If I have audio (mono) PCM 16 bit Signed - should I fill all data with 0 values? And for PCM 16 Unsigned with 32768 values? Yes, this is correct. Other values would cause a DC offset. | {
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"tags": "audio",
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} |
Definitions:
Reflexive relation => (a,a) in R
Symmetric relation => If (a, b) in R, then (b, a) in R, and a can be equal to b
• Now for reflexive relations, based on the definition, this means that the main diagonal must all be present within our answer, and thus their value is set. If it were just reflexive (and not ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9263695478439331,
"tags": n... |
python, algorithm, project-euler
I hope I explained it well enough. The script seems to be working with lower values, but when going to higher numbers, I'm starting to miss things in limit situations, but I can't figure out what.
For example, with LIMIT = 99 I should be getting 1975, but I get 1943. Any ideas what I c... | {
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"tags": "python, algorithm, project-euler",
"url": null
} |
c++, matrix, computational-geometry, graphics, c++17
template <int rowsB, int colsB, typename TypeB>
Matrix<rows, cols, decltype(Type() - TypeB())> operator - (Matrix<rowsB, colsB, TypeB>&& mat) {
return (*this - mat);
}
template <int rowsB, int colsB, typename TypeB>
Matri... | {
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"tags": "c++, matrix, computational-geometry, graphics, c++17",
"url": null
} |
ros-kinetic
Title: fusing IMU and GPS,make rosbag manually
I want to fusing IMU and GPS data to smooth the GPS data,and I followed the question https://answers.ros.org/question/200071/how-to-fuse-imu-gps-using-robot_localization/ .
I write my launch file and parameter.yaml .And I make my rosbag file,but I do not know... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
graphs, weighted-graphs, minimum-spanning-tree, spanning-trees
Here is a characterization of maximum spanning Tree(MST). A proof for that characterization can be found here.
Given a spanning Tree $T$ of $G$, $T$ is an MST $\iff$ for any edge $uv\notin T$, $uv$ has the minimal weight among edges in the cycle created ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "graphs, weighted-graphs, minimum-spanning-tree, spanning-trees",
"url": null
} |
water, safety, hydrogen, equipment, reaction-control
Title: Creating water from hydrogen and oxygen Assuming a scientist has two canisters: One with a liter of pure gas of hydrogen (single atoms gas), and one with half a liter of pure gas of oxygen (single atoms gas).
The scientist desires to conjunct the two single a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "water, safety, hydrogen, equipment, reaction-control",
"url": null
} |
c++, object-oriented
BookItem.hh
#ifndef BOOKITEM_HH
#define BOOKITEM_HH
/*****************************************************************
* Name: BookItem.hh
* Author: Samuel Oseh
* Purpose: BookItem class method-function prototype
* ***************************************************************/
#include <stri... | {
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"tags": "c++, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
ros, roslaunch, dynamic-reconfigure, parameters
Title: Menu and parameter passing issue
I would like to ask several things regarding my implementation issue in menu setup.
When I set up a menu, just popping up a menu to select at run-time in the terminal, my menu will not be able to be read by user because the termi... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, roslaunch, dynamic-reconfigure, parameters",
"url": null
} |
image-processing, matlab, wavelet, denoising, deconvolution
Title: Tutorial on 2nd generation wavelets (with lifting)? For some denoising and deconvolution experiments, I'd like to apply a 2nd generation wavelet transform (using lifting steps) to images.
I know that there are several implementations available, but mos... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "image-processing, matlab, wavelet, denoising, deconvolution",
"url": null
} |
python, multithreading, python-2.x, web-services, chat
While the following issues aren't necessarily style-related, they're still good things to consider for writing clean quality code.
Instead of writing out a repeating string of characters, like you've done here:
LoadConnectionInfo('Connected with: ' + str(addr) + ... | {
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"tags": "python, multithreading, python-2.x, web-services, chat",
"url": null
} |
gauge-theory, group-theory, quantum-electrodynamics
In turn after all of this, we may look to the theory of such a vector field $A_\mu$ and a fermion field $\psi$ and observe that what actually happend is that the free $\psi$ theory had one global $U(1)$ symmetry and the inclusion of $A_\mu$ promoted it to a local sym... | {
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"tags": "gauge-theory, group-theory, quantum-electrodynamics",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, dynamic-programming
The time could be perhaps reduced to $O(n^3)$ by altering the function to optimize the $O (n^2)$ transition cost to something like $O (1)$ amortized.
But instead, let us consider another approach.
Say we want the answer to be at most $s$.
We can then greedily construct a subset.
First, ... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, dynamic-programming",
"url": null
} |
java, swing
Looking at some of your other variable names, I'm not quite as happy.
bar = new JMenuBar();
menu1 = new JMenu("Edit circle");
sub1 = new JMenu("Colour");
colors = new JRadioButtonMenuItem[]{new JRadioButtonMenuItem("White"),
color
Firstly colors I'd expect a list/array of colours - but no, it's an array ... | {
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"tags": "java, swing",
"url": null
} |
Suppose that we have $n$ observations $(x_1,y_1),\ldots,(x_n,y_n)$ from a simple linear regression $$Y_i=\alpha+\beta x_i+\varepsilon_i,$$ where $i=1,\ldots,n$. Let us denote $\hat y_i=\hat\alpha+\hat\beta x_i$ for $i=1,\ldots,n$, where $\hat\alpha$ and $\hat\beta$ are the ordinary least squares estimators of the param... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8900468349456787,
"tags... |
energy, work, torque, dimensional-analysis, si-units
Title: What's the meaning of unit of moment $\mathrm{N\cdot m}$? How do you explain it? I know the meaning of units with division like $\mathrm{m/s}$ or $\mathrm{m/s^2}$ etc. they make sense, like $2\ \mathrm{m/s}$ is like the car pass $2\ \mathrm m$ in $1$ second, ... | {
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"tags": "energy, work, torque, dimensional-analysis, si-units",
"url": null
} |
I hope you can take it from here.
• Perhaps the one weakness of this approach is that it does not provide an immediate way to pick out the value for $\ n \$ . While one of the roots corresponds to an obtuse angle and so can be rejected in the context of the geometrical situation, the other two roots produce $\ \sin \a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9421048164367676,
"ta... |
c#, asp.net-mvc-3
ctr++;
}
}
if (!boolHasBeenAdded)
{
Add(page);
}
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
}
} I have the following comments and recommendations:
The tr... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, asp.net-mvc-3",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, spacetime, terminology, soft-question, closed-timelike-curve
Furthermore, generally physicists tend to keep the distinction between the metric tensor $g$ (which is independent of any coordinate system) and the components of the metric tensor $g_{\mu\nu}$ in a given coordinate system $x$, such that ... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, spacetime, terminology, soft-question, closed-timelike-curve",... |
Repeating this process, you then sum the number of elements on each row to compute the result, and you'll scan only at most $2n$ elements since the path followed by the algorithm is a path from the point $(0,n-1)$ to the point $(n-1,0)$, going only up and left, and these kind of path have length $2n$. This is hence ind... | {
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"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9890130554263734,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8406325857028023,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711718571775,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 174.19838802394975,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7881278395652771,
"ta... |
Player $C$ makes free throw shots with probability $P(A_j|C) = 0.7$, independently, so we have
\begin{align} P(A_1|C) &= P(A_2|C) = 0.7 \\ P(A_1 \cap A_2|C) &= P(A_1|C) P(A_2|C) = 0.49 \\ P(A_1 \cup A_2|C) &= P(A_1|C) + P(A_2|C) - P(A_1 \cap A_2|C) \\ &= 2 \times 0.7 - 0.49 \\ &= 0.91 \end{align}
And so we have our c... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619220634457,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1475.7994793816326,
"openwebmath_score": 1.000008225440979,
"tag... |
rust
loop {
match self.numbers.next() {
None => {
return match self.start {
None => None,
Some(start) => {
self.start = None;
match end {
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rust",
"url": null
} |
scala
session.close()
dataCache.put(typeID, result)
logger.trace("[cacheGet] added to cache.")
Some(result)
}
}
}
@Entity
@NamedQueries(
Array[NamedQuery](
new NamedQuery(name = "findMappedValueByType", query = "FROM MappedValue WHERE mapType = :mapType")
))
@Table(name = "MappedV... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "scala",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-kinetic, rosconsole, logging
Title: rosconsole: log file bloated with ros topics, etc
Hi,
When we are using ROS_DEBUG_STREAM() macro, and the output is configured to screen, everything is fine. But when we configure it to log, and it goes to file, we get extremely bloated lines, like:
1530790045.295181299 DE... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros-kinetic, rosconsole, logging",
"url": null
} |
c#, linq
if (item.InterestIds != null)
{
IEnumerable<Guid> dbIds = memberIntersestIds.Select(p => p.InterestSubCategoryId);
IEnumerable<Guid> guids = dbIds.ToList().Union(item.InterestIds).ToArray();
foreach (var id in guids)
{
if (_memberInterestService.IsSubInterestExi... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 23828,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, linq",
"url": null
} |
electrochemistry, electrolysis, reduction-potential
Title: calculate cell potential for the voltaic cell where its involving the two cobalt species with Copper Calculate the cell potential for the voltaic cell that results when the following two half-cells are connected at $\pu{25 ^\circ C}$:
(1) A platinum electrode ... | {
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"tags": "electrochemistry, electrolysis, reduction-potential",
"url": null
} |
added is always the one for an axis through the mass center. Get an answer for 'About which axis of a body 'Moment of Inertia' is the least?' and find homework help for other Science questions at eNotes. The so-called Parallel Axes Theorem is given by the following equation:. Take the measurement using a unit from the ... | {
"domain": "opera11bbparma.it",
"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9867771786365549,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8157803295921193,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117919359419,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 208.34489284734323,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6377691030502319,
"ta... |
python, python-3.x, parsing
# Here
converter.setTokens(tokens)
converter.convert(self.tableName, self.columnName)
converter.writeOnFile(self.outputFilename)
Getters and Setters
The Manager class should be able to take output_filename, table_name, and column_name as parameters, since you seem ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, parsing",
"url": null
} |
java, algorithm, interview-questions, palindrome
Title: Longest palindrome in a string Please be brutal, and judge my code as if it was written at a top 3 tech company, straight out of college. (The method signature, and input parameter is given by the problem, so don't worry about that)
Worst case complexity: \$ O \l... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, algorithm, interview-questions, palindrome",
"url": null
} |
deep-learning, cnn, batch-normalization, dropout
Title: Dropout and BatchNorm decrease speed of learning Experimenting with the cifar10 dataset and faced with strange behavior when Dropout and BatchNorm don't help at all.
As I get:
Dropout - freezing some of the weights which helps us to prevent overfitting
BatchNorm... | {
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"id": 11823,
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"lm_name": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "deep-learning, cnn, batch-normalization, dropout",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, lagrangian-formalism, gauge-theory, noethers-theorem, gauge-invariance
Dirac Constraints
In the above discussion, one obtains the full Hamiltonian (1.5) with two first class contraints $$\Pi^{0}=0\quad\mathrm{and}\quad\nabla\cdot\mathbf{\Pi}-\rho=0. \tag{1.6}$$
According to Dirac's algorithm, first ... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, lagrangian-formalism, gauge-theory, noethers-theorem, gauge-inva... |
ros, teb-local-planner
Originally posted by pietrocolombo on ROS Answers with karma: 63 on 2017-11-08
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by JohnMdz on 2018-06-28:
Hello,
I am facing the same problem. I have a robot that rotates with a 1.4m radius and that is not able to perform backwards movements (or lets say t... | {
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javascript, jquery, jquery-ui
}
#faq_search_box input {
padding: 2px;
}
#faq_btn_next {
display: none;
padding: 2px;
font-weight: bold;
cursor: pointer
}
.faq_highlight {
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
background: yellow;
color: #000
}
h3 .faq_highlight {
font-weight: bold;
font-style:... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 33227,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery, jquery-ui",
"url": null
} |
c, strings, io
if (errors) {
puts("FAILED");
}
puts("");
fclose(stream);
fflush(stdout);
return errors;
}
int main(void) {
/* two lines each of 4 chars and a newline */
static const char *test_string = "1234\n" "A\0BC\n";
return
+ test4(test_string, 5, 0, "123", -1)... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c, strings, io",
"url": null
} |
dataset, training, transformer, data-quality
Title: Effect of Sequential Data Quality Variation on Transformer Model Training: Seeking Insights and Experiences I'm exploring the training efficiency of transformer models against the backdrop of data quality sequencing. Specifically, I ponder whether arranging unlabeled... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 12177,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "dataset, training, transformer, data-quality",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, quasiparticles
One calls these particle effective to distinguish them from the real particles of the QFT. In some sense it follows from our thinking of them being somehow secondary excitations of a solid state, composed of real particles. ... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-field-theory, condensed-matter, solid-state-physics, qu... |
ros, gazebo, rviz, move-group, ros-indigo
* /move_group/Quadrotore/kinematics_solver_attempts: 3
* /move_group/Quadrotore/kinematics_solver_search_resolution: 0.005
* /move_group/Quadrotore/kinematics_solver_timeout: 0.005
* /move_group/Quadrotore/longest_valid_segment_fraction: 0.05
* /move_group/Quadrotore/plann... | {
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"tags": "ros, gazebo, rviz, move-group, ros-indigo",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization, group-theory
The answer is "no". Now, lets see how to carry out this transformation (albeit slightly handwavy, just to show the milestones alont the way).
Label these components that we will integrate out as
$$\tag{3}\hat{\phi}(k) = \begin{cases}\phi(k) & \mbox{for $b\Lambda\leq|... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, renormalization, group-theory",
"url": null
} |
energy, particle-physics, statistical-mechanics, speed
Title: Why is the energy probability different from its speed probability in the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution? I know this has been asked before here and I understand how the formula changes when the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution (MBD) is written in terms of sp... | {
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} |
so $\displaystyle \int_{\gamma} f(z) \ dz = \int_{i}^{2-i} f(z) \ dz = F(2-i) - F(i) = \frac{1}{2}e^{(2-i)^{2}} - \frac{1}{2} e^{i^{2}}$ and then simply if you want
That is what I wasn't understanding. | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 355.76203637365717,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9535701870918274,
"t... |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, everyday-life, string
Title: Which is stronger, a rope without knots or a rope with knots? Suppose I have two identical ropes, one of which I manually tie some knots in. If I use them to hang clothes, which one is more durable?
Personally I think that rope with knots will be more durable... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, everyday-life, string",
"url": null
} |
microbiology, bacteriology, ecology, environment, freshwater-biology
Here's a graph showing the relative amounts of various taxa found in their samples:
How Many Bacteria?
DeLeon-Rodriguez et al's (2013) results revealed an average bacterial concentration of somewhere between $5.1 × 10^3 cells / m^3$ to $1.5 × 10^5 ... | {
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"tags": "microbiology, bacteriology, ecology, environment, freshwater-biology",
"url": nul... |
java, algorithm
i = j; //choosing the item to which we should put the new packed item next to
minRemB = remainingBreadth[j]; //minimum length left
}
}
remainingBreadth[p] = remainingBreadth[i] - item.getBreadth(); //update the remaining breadth of the new item added
remainingHei... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 19367,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, algorithm",
"url": null
} |
or halves, the other ) ( diagonal 1 ) ( diagonal 1 ) ( 2! An entire level, that they are both equal to the sum of the vertices. Are given as a four-sided, flat shape with straight sides see that ED ≅ ED by the kite fly... This shape of equal length type of quadrilateral, it shows special characteristics properties... A... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.991812089856283,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.909791869516126,
"lm_q2_score": 0.9173026612812897,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1013.592811348578,
"openwebmath_score": 0.43014153838157654,
"tags": nu... |
javascript, performance, graph, d3.js, facebook
for (i=0; i < friends.length; i++) {
var id = friends[i]['id'];
getMutualFriends(id, friends, friendlinks);
}
}
function graphFriends(friends, friendlinks) {
// Configures a d3 force-directed graph of friends and friend links.
document.getEle... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 22062,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, performance, graph, d3.js, facebook",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization, lattice-model
Concretely what this should mean in terms of a lattice simulation is the following. If we change the lattice spacing, using a finer or coarser grid, we can get the exact same correlation functions as before (at scales much larger than the lattice spacing). All we ha... | {
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"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, renormalization, lattice-model",
"url": null
} |
ros, libuvc-camera, usb-cam, camera
Title: How to calibrate dual (stereo) camera and obtain data?
Hi,
My knowledge of ROS/Linux is limited, so I'm hoping someone could kindly help me.
I am using Virtual Box running Linux 14.04, and ROS Indigo.
I am trying to use a dual camera setup in order to obtain stereo vision vi... | {
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"tags": "ros, libuvc-camera, usb-cam, camera",
"url": null
} |
Another proof based on geometry is mentioned in Frank Burk: The Geometric, Logarithmic, and Arithmetic Mean Inequality, The American Mathematical Monthly , Vol. 94, No. 6 (Jun. - Jul., 1987), pp. 527-528, jstor, link. (It was among the first hits in the google search for logarithmic geometric mean inequality.)
We know... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9817357195106374,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8511999704313336,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8670357546485407,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 236.88276737150215,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9455187320709229,
"ta... |
c#, performance
#endregion
}
public sealed class RobotMover
{
#region FIELDS
private RobotSimulationModel _simulationModel;
public bool MoveRobotToChargingStation { get; set; }
#endregion
#region CONSTRUCTORS
/// <summary>
/// Default construc... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, performance",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electricity, superconductivity, conductors
Title: There is no electric field in a metal if the current through the conductor remains constant. In a chapter of superconductor, I found, "There is no electric field in a metal if the current through the conductor remains constant". My question is, "Why t... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, electricity, superconductivity, conductors",
"url": null
} |
c++, template-meta-programming
// full runtime version
assert(ipow(0,1) == 0);
assert(ipow(0,2) == 0);
assert(ipow(0,3) == 0);
assert(ipow(0,50) == 0);
assert(ipow(1,0) == 1);
assert(ipow(1,1) == 1);
assert(ipow(1,2) == 1);
assert(ipow(1,50) == 1);
assert(ipow(2,0) == 1);
assert... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, template-meta-programming",
"url": null
} |
beam, bearings, masonry, load-spreading
Title: Does the corbel angle govern in this scenario? If not, how is load spreading allowed for, when a load is supported by a wall on a beam The following outline is inspired by something I noticed today and couldn't figure out.
It shows what I guess is a fairly common generic ... | {
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"id": 4677,
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"tags": "beam, bearings, masonry, load-spreading",
"url": null
} |
#### Questions¶
1. How can we work with arrays of differing shapes without needing to manually loop or copy data?
2. How can we reframe operations on data to avoid looping in Python?
### 1. Using broadcasting to implicitly loop over data¶
Broadcasting is a useful NumPy tool that allows us to perform operations betwe... | {
"domain": "github.io",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9674102524151827,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8298136554447211,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681013541611,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 2363.1444258152674,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6070868372917175,
"tags": nul... |
zoology, materials
Title: Is autoclaving sucrose solution necessary? I use 10% sucrose solution to feed lab mosquitoes. Until now, I mix sucrose in autoclaved water and use it directly for feeding mosquitoes. Is it necessary to autoclave the sucrose solution itself before use? I found a standard protocol for the same ... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 7681,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "zoology, materials",
"url": null
} |
ros, path-planning, base-global-planner
Title: Robot planner tuning - does not plan down the middle of small pathways
Hello All,
I've had some difficulty tuning the global planner. The basic problem is the plan ends up hugging one side of the path. In this case we are using "unknown" cells to restrict the robots path... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 25994,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, path-planning, base-global-planner",
"url": null
} |
javascript, html, error-handling, ecmascript-6, null
Photo <input type="radio" name="type" value="photo" id="photoCheck"><br/>
Text <input type="radio" name="type" value="text" id="textCheck">
</form>
</div> | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, html, error-handling, ecmascript-6, null",
"url": null
} |
java, enum
Assume the necessary imports etc.
I find this use of ordinal() to be an antipattern, and consider that it should be avoided.
Instead, an inner field with the equivalent DB representation (e.g. NEW(1) or NEW("N")) should be used, in order to decouple the semantically meaningful representation of the enum val... | {
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"id": 32940,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, enum",
"url": null
} |
Circle Problem. Related Rates Problems | Examples 1. An interactive exploration of related rates, the study of variables that change over time where one variable is expressed as a function of the other. After 1 hour, how fast is the distance between them changing? Ans: ds dt = q 61 + 30 p 2 m/hr 2. (Often the unknown r... | {
"domain": "studiotamarapani.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.983342959990771,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.815131143503781,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388104343893,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 639.9930241551878,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5510013699531555,
"tag... |
quantum-gate, terminology-and-notation
There is a twitter post https://twitter.com/CraigGidney/status/1393069730785857536 where some other choices are listed. One choice therein seems to be: ``face" gates denoted by $F$ since this gate always maps the faces of a octahedron to another face. | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 4856,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-gate, terminology-and-notation",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, hilbert-space, adiabatic
Title: Ordering of eigenstates in the quantum adiabatic theorem Suppose we have an 'initial' Hamiltonian $H_{i}$ whose eigenvalues are all non-degenerate, which we order as follows:
$ E^{0}_{i} < E^{1}_{i} < \dots < E^{N-2}_{i} < E^{N-1}_{i}$
Suppose als... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, hilbert-space, adiabatic",
"url": null
} |
observational-astronomy, telescope
Title: Why do small mirror imperfections matter with modern computers Modern telescopes go to great lengths to have perfectly shaped parabolic mirrors. My question is, why go to the trouble of having a perfect mirror? Why not take a mirror roughly the right shape, and then correct fo... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 5508,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "observational-astronomy, telescope",
"url": null
} |
classical-mechanics, symmetry, group-theory, hamiltonian-formalism, phase-space
Title: ${\rm 2D}$ isotropic oscillator: Is ${\rm SO(4)}$ a subgroup of ${\rm Sp}(4,{\rm R})$? Consider the ${\rm 2D}$ isotropic oscillator. The hamiltonian is $$H=\frac{1}{2}(p_x^2+p_y^2+x^2+y^2)$$ and the phase space is $4$ dimensional. I... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 68887,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics, symmetry, group-theory, hamiltonian-formalism, phase-space",
... |
$$T = \frac {60}{160 + w} + \frac {60}{160-w} = \frac {60(160-w) + 60(160 + w)} {(160 + w)(160 - w)} = \frac {9600 - 60w + 9600 + 60w}{(160 + w)(160 - w)}= \frac {19200}{(160 + w)(160 - w)} = \frac {19200}{25600 +160w-160w-w^2}=\frac {19200}{25600-w^2}$$
For this scenario of finding round trip time where you have 2 is... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9859363741964573,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8216050341118366,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245994514084,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 616.2695792022942,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6353168487548828,
"tag... |
ros, python, freenect
Originally posted by Samer on ROS Answers with karma: 75 on 2015-07-27
Post score: 0
A few comments:
If you want speed, especially when processing point clouds, you'll have a better time with C++
That hardware is pretty old
There are a bunch of computations that you do multiple times per iterat... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, python, freenect",
"url": null
} |
simulation, ibm-q-experience, programming
// Apply Hadamard gate to the first qubit
H(qubits[0]);
// Apply CNOT gate
CNOT(qubits[0],qubits[1]);
}
}
}
A more detailed version (including measurement) can be found here: Microsoft: Writing a Quantum Program. | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "simulation, ibm-q-experience, programming",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, free-body-diagram, string
Title: How to figure out the free body diagram?
This was the part of the Motivation to the definition of Green's Function. I am referring this problem from the book Ordinary Differential Equations by Tyn Myint-U. I am not able to figure out the Free body diagram... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 84825,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, free-body-diagram, string",
"url": null
} |
python, k-mer, algorithms
The symbol • means concatenation of 2 strings. For example, 'S' • 'V' = 'SV'.
If we remove the first symbol of Pattern (denoted FirstSymbol(Pattern)), then we will obtain a
(k − 1)-mer that we denote by Suffix(Pattern).
Illustration:
Given pattern = 'ACG'
Expected Hamming distance (D) = 1
Ans... | {
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"id": 1879,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, k-mer, algorithms",
"url": null
} |
ros2, ros-melodic, docker
--gpus all --env NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all --env NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=compute,utility,graphics,display --env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/nvidia/lib64 --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --env ADE_IMAGE_ADE_FQN=registry.gitlab.com/autowarefoundation/autoware.auto/autowareauto/ade:master --env ADE_IMAGE... | {
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"id": 34958,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros2, ros-melodic, docker",
"url": null
} |
.net, vb.net, serial-port
End Get
Set(value As Byte)
If value.Equals(_ParityReplace) Then Return
_ParityReplace = value
SerialPort_ReOpen_Flag = True
End Set
End Property
Public Property PortName As String
Get
Return _PortName
End Get
Set(value As String)
If ... | {
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"tags": ".net, vb.net, serial-port",
"url": null
} |
# Evaluate ⌊x⌋ + ⌊y⌋ + ⌊z⌋
#### anemone
##### MHB POTW Director
Staff member
If $x, y, z$ are real numbers such that $x+y+z=6$, $xy+yz+xz=9$, find the sum of all possible values of the expression $\lfloor x\rfloor+\lfloor y\rfloor+\lfloor z\rfloor$.
#### Klaas van Aarsen
##### MHB Seeker
Staff member
Re: Evaluate ⌊... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9852713831229043,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8451343636199219,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681013541611,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 786.5073049092917,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9394071698188782,
"ta... |
general-relativity, differential-geometry, ads-cft, boundary-conditions
Title: Finding superpotentials and central charges in $AdS_3$ In text "Covariant theory of asymptotic symmetries, conservation laws and central charges" is given an example of finding central charges and superpotential (among other things).
I am ... | {
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"id": 9398,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, differential-geometry, ads-cft, boundary-conditions",
"url": ... |
thermodynamics, entropy, biophysics, biology
Title: What does it mean for sunlight to be of low entropy? I once listened to a lecture by Sir Roger Penrose on life and also read the second answer to this question. If I understood correctly, then the reason why life still exists on earth inspite of the second law of the... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 85876,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "thermodynamics, entropy, biophysics, biology",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros2, action, colcon
---
Failed <<< action_tutorials [ Exited with code 1 ]
Summary: 0 packages finished [1.09s]
1 package failed: action_tutorials
1 package had stderr output: action_tutorials
Error 2: Occurs when I remove such tag
CMake Error at /opt/ros/crystal/share/rosidl_cmake/cmake/rosidl_generat... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 34335,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros2, action, colcon",
"url": null
} |
phase
More generically, if one was to apply enough pressure to a gas to make it a solid at room temperature and then remove the pressure, would it stay in the solid form? Instantly? Just like if you go outdoors when the temperature is below zero (centigrade) you freeze instantly? Are you from a location where temperat... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 6247,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "phase",
"url": null
} |
black-hole, kinematics
Title: highspeed black holes or neutron stars on (almost) head-on collision course and kinetic energy First: I don't think this is a duplicate question. There are related question on mergers of black holes that orbit around each other etc., so please read on.
I'm having a hard time picturing wha... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 3737,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "black-hole, kinematics",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, schroedinger-equation, density-operator, time-evolution
I'll first give an argument that is more algebraic and intuitive (I think), then I'll follow it up with plug and chug through LvN equation to rearrange things into the Schrodinger equation.
first argument
We can take a g... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, schroedinger-equation, density-operator... |
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