text stringlengths 49 10.4k | source dict |
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6. Nov 30, 2013
### Office_Shredder
Staff Emeritus
Those two statements sound contradictory to me.
7. Nov 30, 2013
### lurflurf
^Oops I had in mind limn→∞($\frac{1}{1}$+$\frac{1}{2}$+...+$\frac{1}{4n}$)
For that problem asked we have as stated a Riemann Sum
$$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\sum_{k=1}^{3n}\frac{1}{n+k}=... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.901840329170227,
"tags... |
c#, sorting
IEnumerable<T> items = null;
if (direction == ListSortDirection.Ascending)
{
items = this.OrderBy(item => property.GetValue(item));
}
else
{
items = this.OrderByDescending(item => property.GetValue(item));
}
ResetItems(items.ToList ());
IsSorted = true;
... | {
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"tags": "c#, sorting",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, rotational-dynamics, energy-conservation, moment-of-inertia
We can use the parallel axis theorem to obtain the moment of inertia:
$$I = I_{cm}+md^2 = mR^2 + mR^2 = 2mR^2. $$
The angular speed is the same, as we can see considering the speed of the point opposite to $P$, $v_P=2v_{cm}$, which is ... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, rotational-dynamics, energy-conservation, moment-of-inerti... |
psychology
Title: What's the evolutionary reason behind feeling 'sorrow'? As it's established that life's design is a product of evolution, what advantage does emotions like sadness play in the life of an individual/species ? I‘ll answer from a perspective I‘ve been studying in Psychology, but can‘t provide sources. I... | {
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"tags": "psychology",
"url": null
} |
We use the change of variables $y=x^2$. $$\int_0^\infty e^{-x^2} \; dx = \frac{1}{2}\int_{0}^{\infty} y^{-1/2} {\rm e}^{-y} \,dy = \frac{1}{2} \Gamma(\frac{1}{2}) \,,$$
where $\Gamma(x)$ is defined by the integral, $$\Gamma( x ) = \int_{0}^{\infty} y^{x-1} {\rm e}^{-y} \,dy \,.$$
Series Method
If you are interested ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.995977520942688,
"tags": n... |
Find the derivative of y D .x 3 /.x 4 /: Simplify and explain. Use the quotient rule for finding the derivative of a quotient of functions. Extend the power rule to functions with negative exponents. The Constant Multiple Rule and Sum/Difference Rule established that the derivative of $$f(x) = 5x^2+\sin(x)$$ was not co... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9799765592953409,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8101581732062966,
"lm_q2_score": 0.826711787666479,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 300.22821731979997,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8954314589500427,
"tags": null... |
keras, regularization
Title: Is regularization included in loss history Keras returns? I'm getting to know Keras. Right now, I'm testing with regularization and how to use them. Comparing the results of loss history for a training session with and without regularization, it seems to me that the loss history reported b... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "keras, regularization",
"url": null
} |
fft, ifft, signal-synthesis
Title: IFFT Synthesis from an empty spectrum I'm trying to generate a sawtooth wave using the IFFT. I can do this successfully by first performing an FFT and then putting that analysed spectrum into the IFFT, however I would really like to be able to write a UI that enables me to draw the b... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fft, ifft, signal-synthesis",
"url": null
} |
python, python-2.x, json, file-system
if pathname not in self.previous_state: return (0, 0)
dirs, files_with_sizes = self.previous_state[pathname]
total_size = sum(files_with_sizes.values())
total_num = len(files_with_sizes)
# Recursively visit all subdirs
for d in dirs:
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-2.x, json, file-system",
"url": null
} |
c#, winforms, pdf
/// <summary>
/// Listener for the "Timestamp 30 Days" button.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">The object that triggered the event.</param>
/// <param name="e">The event arguments.</param>
private async void TimeStampDefaultMonth_Click(
obje... | {
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"tags": "c#, winforms, pdf",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, numpy
Title: Fast way to calculate Standing Wave modes in NumPy I am trying to plot the standing wave modes in a 2D box over time. The equation for this is:
$$ A(x,y,t) = \sum\limits_{n,m} sin \left( \frac{n \pi x}{L_x} \right) sin \left( \frac{m \pi y}{L_y} \right) cos \left( w_{n,m}t + \phi_{n,m... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, numpy",
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ros, pid
node = ServerProxy(node_api)
pid = rosnode._succeed(node.getPid(ID))
print (" PID : {}".format(pid))
Most of this is done by rosnode as well, so I used that as a reference. See ros_comm/rosnode/src/rosnode/init.py.
Originally posted by gvdhoorn with karma: 86574 on 2017-09-28
This answer was A... | {
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"tags": "ros, pid",
"url": null
} |
c, file, linux
Title: Reverse all lines in a file The script below should open a file, read and reverse every line, then overwrite the source file.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
// reverses the order of characters in every line ... | {
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"tags": "c, file, linux",
"url": null
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# Pointwise convergent and total variation
I'm preparing for a test for real analysis and I came across this problem in Royden's book:
Let $\{f_n\}$ be a sequence of real valued functions on $[a,b]$ that converges pointwisely on $[a,b]$ to the real valued function $f$. Show that $TV(f) \leq \liminf ~TV(f_n)?$
This l... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117898012104,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 223.08043869769133,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9766984581947327,
... |
The fact that $$C_p$$ can be found explicitly for $$p = 1, 2, \infty$$ means that you can apply Riesz-Thorin-Stein interpolation.
For $$p > 2$$, we can write it as $$\frac1p = \frac{\theta}{2} + \frac{1-\theta}{\infty}$$ (or more simply, $$\theta = 2/p$$). Complex interpolation tells us that our operator having operat... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9873750514614409,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8095422269131682,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933381139645,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 327.93392205013043,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9183729290962219,
"tag... |
electromagnetism, magnetostatics
More generally, such problems are often best viewed as magnetic circuits. Magnetostatics and steady current flow in electric circuits are entirely analogous mathematically: this answer for the details. You can think of the magnetic flux as electric current exiting the north pole and en... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, magnetostatics",
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} |
ruby, tree
def valid?
each_cons(2).all? { |a, b| a <= b }
end
end
Beyond that, your current code looks good, only a few comments:
Since you have attr_accessor synthesized methods, use them. Don't access instance variables directly with @... unless you have to. The point is, that if you need to customize access... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ruby, tree",
"url": null
} |
human-biology, hematology, blood-circulation
Title: What is the speed of blood in when flows through the fingertip? What is the average speed of blood as it flows through the index finger on the right hand? This reference gives about 10-20cm/s in the major arteries and 5 cm/s in the major veins of the index finger in ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "human-biology, hematology, blood-circulation",
"url": null
} |
mechanisms
Title: How Infinadeck Omnidirectional Treadmill works I have seen this paper about the Omnidirectional Treadmill With CAD model ( with tiny rollers on it):
Which compered its prototype with infinadeck as shown below:
but don't see those roller in infinadeck as seen here:
So does the rollers in infinadec... | {
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"tags": "mechanisms",
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For (iii), I got that $$S$$ has a greatest element $$\{ 210 \}$$, since the greatest element of a subset $$S$$ of a partially ordered set (poset) is an element of $$S$$ that is greater than every other element of $$S$$; for the least element, I wrote that $$S$$ does not have a least element, since there is no element o... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8447394175024373,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681013541613,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 153.99651571483744,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7835308909416199,
... |
experimental-technique, error-analysis, calculus
Title: Error propagation estimations for sine and cosine My lab manual gives this:
$B$ is a function of $A$, Greek are uncertainties...
$$B + \beta = \sin(A + \alpha)
= \sin(A)\cdot\cos(\alpha) + \sin(\alpha)\cdot\cos(A)$$
--> because $\alpha$ is taken to be (at ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "experimental-technique, error-analysis, calculus",
"url": null
} |
materials, thermodynamics, heat-transfer, heating-systems, thermal-conduction
Title: Winding a wire heating element after a few uses I bought recently 10 meters of Kanthal A1 AWG18 wire, which is a type of heating element (FeCrAl alloy). I intend to make a coil out of it, but it's no use doing that right now, I need m... | {
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"id": 1765,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "materials, thermodynamics, heat-transfer, heating-systems, thermal-conduction",... |
algorithms, algorithm-analysis, recurrence-relation, recursion
Title: Is "backward substitution" and "backtracking" the same thing? From my limited knowledge, they both are related to solving recurrence relation.
Solving recurrence relation using backward substitution
Solving recurrence relation using backtracking
Ca... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, algorithm-analysis, recurrence-relation, recursion",
"url": null
} |
orbitals
Title: Does the octet rule only apply to the second and third shell or does it apply further? In my textbook, examples for the octet rule are only given for up to the third shell.
What about the fourth and fifth shell?
I still get confused over the fact that the $n=3$ shell has 18 electrons yet for chemical p... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "orbitals",
"url": null
} |
ros, gazebo, universal-robots
It now publishes and runs without errors, but the robot arm in gazebo doesn't move at all.
Comment by Mike Scheutzow on 2021-09-12:
That does not look like a valid description of a 1-dimensional array to me, but I don't know what the receiving side is looking for.
Comment by horvath.danie... | {
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"tags": "ros, gazebo, universal-robots",
"url": null
} |
statistical-mechanics, renormalization, phase-transition, singularities, regularization
I would conclude that these two types of singularities are unrelated. There is however a connection in the theoretical tool that one uses to solve these problems: Renormalisation.
On the $1/r^2$ side, the quantum field theory tells... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "statistical-mechanics, renormalization, phase-transition, singularities, regulariz... |
electromagnetic-radiation, astrophysics, thermal-radiation, sun, fusion
The neutrinos released during the fusion reactions in the core radiate straight out of the sun because the plasma, though very dense, is almost completely transparent to them. They carry energy off, but do not thermally equilibrate with matter on ... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetic-radiation, astrophysics, thermal-radiation, sun, fusion",
"url":... |
php, optimization, object-oriented
$vEmail = $v->validate('email', $_POST['email']);
$vEmailConfirm = $v->validate('email', $_POST['emailConfirm']);
$vPassword = $v->validate('password', $_POST['password']);
if ($vEmailConfirm === true && $_POST['email'] !== $_POST['emailConfirm']) {
$vEmailConfirm = $... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, optimization, object-oriented",
"url": null
} |
javascript, animation, timer, audio
At this point you'll be able to create an audio object with the desired event handler like so:
var audio = createAudio("audio/test.mp3",[element1,element2,element3]);
That's just to give you an idea of how you could go about cleaning it up.
There are other improvements you'd want ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, animation, timer, audio",
"url": null
} |
php, mysql, database, pdo, mysqli
in SQL, always use parameters instead of PHP variables for any database interaction
However it does not appear that parameters are used. Instead of using mysqli_query() one could use mysqli_prepare() to get a mysqli_stmt for use when binding parameters with mysqli_stmt_bind_param()... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "php, mysql, database, pdo, mysqli",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle, diffraction, wave-particle-duality
Can this pattern be viewed as a consequence of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, applied to photons? Yes, light diffraction may be viewed both as a classical phenomenon and as a quantum mechanical consequence of Heisenberg's unce... | {
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"id": 32416,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, heisenberg-uncertainty-principle, diffraction, wave-particle-du... |
homework-and-exercises, electric-circuits, electrical-resistance, batteries
Title: How to simplify this complex circuit? I am new to circuit solving and I tried to simplify this circuit, but I am unable to do so. I can't figure out which resistances are in series and which resistances are in parallel.
Do I have to use... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electric-circuits, electrical-resistance, batteries",
"u... |
mathematics, entropy
Title: How well defined is $\log(P)$ for $P$ projection? Whenever we calculate entropy we make use, for example, $\log(P)$ for $P$ a projection defined for some arbitrary finite dimensional Hilbert space.
But for projection operators this is not well-defined by means of the functional calculus. M... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 1757,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "mathematics, entropy",
"url": null
} |
fourier-transform, cross-correlation
%do correlation
result2 = method2_data1_fourier.*conj(method2_data2_fourier);
%do ifft
result2=ifft2(result2,8,8);
Unfortunately I am not getting the results I expected to get, as in result1 and result2 do not match at all. Can anyone tell me what is wrong with the ab... | {
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"tags": "fourier-transform, cross-correlation",
"url": null
} |
python, optimization, xgboost
kelly_fraction = (probs * (odds + 1) - 1) / odds
def value_bets(f): # ignore any bets with a negative kelly fraction
return 0 if f < 0 else f
kelly_fraction = np.array([value_bets(x) for x in kelly_fraction])
profit = preds * kelly_fraction * odds
... | {
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"tags": "python, optimization, xgboost",
"url": null
} |
c#
return result.Where(s => Evaluator.CheckDate(s, today)).ToList();
}
The similar code have all methods above. How to rewrite it? May be, there is some pattern for this?
And, the second, now I want that tab checks only if it filled and introduce new var called placeName (also check if filled):
private IEnumerable<E... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#",
"url": null
} |
ros, joint
Title: Continuous Joint will not load in Gazebo
I am following the structure of the R2D2 robot. I have structured my wheels exactly the same way.
(the github containing reference code to R2D2 wheels)
https://github.com/albertodesouza/r2d2/blob/master/r2d2_description/urdf/r2d2.wheel.xacro
Unfortunately, I... | {
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"url": null
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Thus $$n_7=1$$ as well. The subgroup $$P_5P_7$$ is a normal, cyclic, subgroup of order $$35$$. Since there is no map from $$P_3$$ to $$\mathrm{Aut}(P_5)$$, this is actually central. The subgroup $$P_7P_3$$, of order $$21$$, complements this, so $$G\cong P_5\times P_7P_3$$. If $$n_3=1$$, equivalently $$P_3$$ centralizes... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9840936087546923,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8068517960639301,
"lm_q2_score": 0.819893340314393,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 120.5692614543975,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9332165122032166,
"tags... |
theta# Green: #y=x# Using the symmetry, we will try to find the area of the region bounded by the red curve and the green line then double it. Show Instructions In general, you can skip the multiplication sign, so 5x is equivalent to 5*x. Parallel and Perpendicular Planes Parametric Equations of a Line. Area between po... | {
"domain": "serviziepiu.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9871787846017969,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8116476622804025,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891261650247,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 544.7980623815874,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8461021780967712,
"ta... |
java, game, community-challenge
assertEquals(2, counter.get());
assertEquals(0, indexReferenceOne.get());
assertEquals(0, indexReferenceTwo.get());
}
@Test
public void testSwap() {
Hand hand = new Hand(5);
hand.add(new MonsterCard("Test", 5, 5, MonsterModus.HEALING));
... | {
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"id": 7349,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, game, community-challenge",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, genetic-algorithms
Poon, P. W., & Carter, J. N. (1995). Genetic algorithm crossover operators for ordering applications. Computers & Operations Research, 22(1), 135-147.
I also encourage you to read that paper, it helped me a lot regarding crossover choice, but bare in mind that methods will vary from prob... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, genetic-algorithms",
"url": null
} |
ros, rosbag, header
Title: How to create a rosbag file with messages with an header
Hi,
As I wrote on the title I'm trying to create a rosbag file from another one changing message types and using only some topics from the original one. The problem is, when I play the new rosbag the messages type is Float32, thus hea... | {
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"tags": "ros, rosbag, header",
"url": null
} |
linear-temporal-logic
This "lasso" structure of $x$ tells us that there is a finite trace $uv^m\in L(K_1)\setminus L(K_2)$, for some $m\in \mathbb{N}$, thus getting rid of the "infinitely many prefixes" problem.
Now, we can define an LTL formula, using "next" operators, that states "$uv^m$ is not a prefix of the trace... | {
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"id": 5194,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "linear-temporal-logic",
"url": null
} |
performance, c, strings, io
assert(!fgetline(fp, &size));
assert(feof(fp));
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
#endif /* TEST_MAIN */
prints:
Line read: "12", line length: 3, string length: 2
Line read: "AB", line length: 3, string length: 2
Line read: "123", line length: 4, string length: 3
Line read: "ABC", line le... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "performance, c, strings, io",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, carbon-allotropes
Title: Why does graphite conduct electricity? The answer i know is delocalized electrons. But how?this site tells me that:
My textbook tells me that one carbon atom is bonded to three others and two of these bonds are single while the third is a double bond.So all the electrons ar... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 2111,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "organic-chemistry, carbon-allotropes",
"url": null
} |
ros, compile, ros-kinetic
Title: ROS cannot be compiled, tested on RPI 3 and 4
Hello,
I installed the latest version of raspbian on both RPI 3 and 4 and it just does not compile
/home/pi/ros_catkin_ws/src/rospack/include/rospack/rospack.h:108:10: fatal error: boost/tr1/unordered_set.hpp: No such file or directory
I ... | {
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"tags": "ros, compile, ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
• Is $(1+1)(1/2+1)\cdots(1/2018+1)$ computed by rewriting things as $(2)(3/2)(4/3)\cdots(2019/2018)$ and recognizing that it telescopes? – Mauve Jan 23 '18 at 15:44 | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8610283732414246,
"tag... |
angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics, reference-frames
Title: When conserving angular momentum, about which point(s) should it be calculated? In my physics problem I have a ball fired at a non fixed bar, which is moving at some velocity, causing them both to stick together and the bar-ball pair to rotate about the ne... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 18402,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "angular-momentum, rotational-dynamics, reference-frames",
"url": null
} |
photons, photon-emission, combustion
In some cases a local bubble of high-energy plasma would be formed by the interaction. The plasma gets absorbed by the surrounding matter which is heated in turn. If this bubble is close enough to the surface so that the heated material has a chance to combust in contact with air, ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 79010,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "photons, photon-emission, combustion",
"url": null
} |
declination, right-ascension
Title: What is the area of the Summer Triangle? I'm pretty sure spherical trigonometry comes into use here but I don't know how to calculate the area. I'm pretty sure Vega, Deneb, and Altair's declination and right ascension figures need to be converted to coordinates, but again, I have no... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 4865,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "declination, right-ascension",
"url": null
} |
architecture, quantum-gate, universal-gates, continuous-variable
The Hamiltonian of the SHO is $H = \omega\left(a_k^\dagger a_k+\frac 12\right)$ (in units where $\hbar = 1$).
We can then define the quadratures $$X_k = \frac{1}{\sqrt 2}\left(a_k + a_k^\dagger\right)$$ $$P_k = -\frac{i}{\sqrt 2}\left(a_k - a_k^\dagger\r... | {
"domain": "quantumcomputing.stackexchange",
"id": 60,
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"tags": "architecture, quantum-gate, universal-gates, continuous-variable",
"url": ... |
# Finding an Expression for the Difference of Roots of the Quadratic Equation
Let the equation $ax^2+bx+c=0$ have the roots $\alpha$ and $\beta$, then what is $\alpha-\beta$ in terms of $a$, $b$, and $c$?
Well, we may write $$(\alpha-\beta)^2=(\alpha+\beta)^2 -4\alpha \beta$$ $$\mbox{or}\ (\alpha-\beta)^2= \left(-\fr... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.989013057045568,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8108852167793875,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933381139645,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 304.66586724126654,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8180126547813416,
"tag... |
c, parsing, io
Q: Don't I need to free() in every case?
A: Yes, you absolutely do. Every buffer that allocated via malloc and friends should be freed at some point, otherwise you've got yourself a memory leak. Actually, you might not even want to allocate things on the heap at all. If all I want to do is read a single... | {
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"tags": "c, parsing, io",
"url": null
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this lesson you will find the curl of a vector field in three different coordinate systems. Thus, you need to set up a grid of (x,z) points to substitute into the function. In Rectangular Coordinates, the volume element, " dV " is a parallelopiped with sides: " dx ", " dy ", and " dz ". Following Yee's notation show n ... | {
"domain": "menubuddy.sg",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.992422760300897,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8204475964078123,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117898012105,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 683.347574851877,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8974097967147827,
"tags":... |
c++, tree, c++14, pointers
void traverse_inorder_helper(std::shared_ptr<Node> node, std::vector<int>& out);
void traverse_preorder_helper(std::shared_ptr<Node> node, std::vector<int>& out);
void traverse_postorder_helper(std::shared_ptr<Node> node, std::vector<int>& out);
public:
Avl() : cu... | {
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which produces the following output:
The nonnegative solutions are
(Solution, Cost) = ([50.000000000000036, 0.0, 49.999999999999986, 0.0, 200.0000000000002, 0.0, 0.0], 2000.0000000000007)
(Solution, Cost) = ([10.0, 0.0, 76.666666666666671, 0.0, 0.0, 40.00000000000005, 0.0], 1400.0)
(Solution, Cost) = ([16.66666666... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9777138170582864,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8405051321706182,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8596637559030338,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 285.47349952052633,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7017079591751099,
"ta... |
general-relativity, differential-geometry, curvature, coordinate-systems, geodesics
Gauß' Approach
Gauß' approach is to compare how “circles grow”. If you are on a sphere, the ”perceived radius“ of a circle is slightly larger than the radius corresponding to its circumference / area, so you know you are in a curved s... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 54649,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, differential-geometry, curvature, coordinate-systems, geodesic... |
solid-state-physics, fourier-transform, crystals, electronic-band-theory, dispersion
Title: How to interpret band structure of $\rm Si$? I found it very instructive to see how the $E$-$k$ relationship of a free particle can be roughly identified from the extended band structure of a solid: The following is the outcome... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 72551,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "solid-state-physics, fourier-transform, crystals, electronic-band-theory, dispersi... |
rotational-dynamics, energy-conservation, conservation-laws, torque
Title: Where does the energy of a spinning diver go? Ok, before we get to my question, I will describe the problem. You have a diver who jumps off a bridge with a slight angular speed about his center of mass (figure 1). While in the air, he curls int... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 67083,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rotational-dynamics, energy-conservation, conservation-laws, torque",
"url": nul... |
rasbperrypi
Title: Raspi 4 with Noetic & 64bit compatible?
I am trying to run Noetic on a 64bit RPi Ubuntu/Focal server version, but the following error does occur:
$ uname -a
Linux robot 5.4.0-1033-raspi #36-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Thu Mar 25 19:00:51 UTC 2021 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyse... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 36320,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rasbperrypi",
"url": null
} |
stress-energy-momentum-tensor, unit-conversion
Title: How to find Area given Diameter I need to convert diamter to area. I have (1/2)'' diamter acting on a steel cable. I need to calculate the stress, which is:
o- = Force/Area
The Force we know to be: F = 1000 lbs (pounds).
Perhaps, someone could help me calculate are... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 16747,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "stress-energy-momentum-tensor, unit-conversion",
"url": null
} |
# Find the MLE of $\mathbb{P}(X<Y)$ for $X\sim N(\mu_X,\sigma^2)$, $Y\sim N(\mu_Y,\sigma^2)$
I wish to find the MLE of $$\mathbb{P}(X after having calculated the MLE's of $$X\sim N(\mu_X,\sigma^2)$$, $$Y\sim N(\mu_Y,\sigma^2)$$ where $$\sigma^2$$ is known. We have i.i.d $$x_1,...x_n$$ and $$y_1,...,y_n$$ data from the... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9808759649262344,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8236748579536064,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339596505965,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 880.3305002937082,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8107035160064697,
"tag... |
given that A has occurred). ? What Is The Probability Of Getting 4 Heads, When The Coin Is Tossed 9 Times? Three Coins Are Tossed. Coin toss probability is explored here with simulation. Coin Toss Probability. Consider a game of chance played by making independent flips of a single fair coin. But different sequences of ... | {
"domain": "gruppokamengepavia.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9861513873424044,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8039426459541658,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324848629215,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 305.28230835746405,
"openwebmath_score": 0.778697848320007... |
general-relativity, black-holes, metric-tensor, time, causality
Title: How can time go in different directions in the Universe? This is not a duplicate, I am not asking about any kind of time dilation caused by a BH. My question is about the direction of time (and if it is possible to have different directions for tim... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "general-relativity, black-holes, metric-tensor, time, causality",
"url": null
} |
python, genetic-algorithm, traveling-salesman
Title: Traveling Salesman Problem genetic algorithm This is my take on this problem. I don't pre determine the distances, it's not suitable for the application I'll use it for. I'll use it in shool to determine some a mean total distance and how to setup a the poles of a p... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 22342,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, genetic-algorithm, traveling-salesman",
"url": null
} |
c++, hash-map
I have seen ideas for using a pair as a key, and that helps slightly. It effectively turns into this, but I am not sure if this is a notable improvement.
std::map<std::pair<std::string, AddressMode>, std::map<int, int>> OpcodeTable = {
{{"ADC", Indirect_X}, {{2, 0x61}}},
{{"ADC", Stack}, {{2, 0x63}}}... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 13521,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, hash-map",
"url": null
} |
electrostatics, electric-fields, charge, gauss-law
Title: Tricky thought on Gauss's law When the charge enclosed by a gaussian surface is equal to $q/2$ nought shouldnt the number of field lines be equal to half which does not make sense at all. The number of field lines on a diagram has no quantitative meaning. Elect... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 79759,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electrostatics, electric-fields, charge, gauss-law",
"url": null
} |
python, file-system
def find_unmatched(dir_l, dir_r, include_hidden):
filepaths_l = sorted(sizes_paths(dir_l, include_hidden))
size_to_filepaths_r = dict_of_lists(sizes_paths(dir_r, include_hidden))
# creates a progress bar
pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=[Percentage(), Bar()], maxval=len(filepaths_l))
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 6190,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, file-system",
"url": null
} |
relativity, time, big-bang
Title: understanding time: Is time simply the rate change? Is time simply the rate of change?
If this is the case and time was created during the big bang would it be the case that the closer you get to the start of the big bang the "slower" things change until you essentially approach a sta... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "relativity, time, big-bang",
"url": null
} |
java, beginner, battle-simulation
}else if (action.equals("a") && enemyChoice == 3){
checkHealth();
System.out.println("OH! "+pName+" JUST GOT SMASHED!");
playerHealth -=10;
checkHealth();
}else if (action.equals("b") && enemyChoice == 3){
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 17782,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, beginner, battle-simulation",
"url": null
} |
proteins, translation, mrna, ribosome
Title: What is the advantage of the way eukaryotes initiate translation? The eukaryote and prokaryote mechanism for translation is slightly different. Is there any advantage of the eukaryote translation mechanism ?
Edit : I specifically want to know why eukaryotic ribosome first a... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 1296,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "proteins, translation, mrna, ribosome",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, electrostatics, capacitance, stress-energy-momentum-tensor, dielectric
Ehlers, J., Ozsváth, I., & Schucking, E. L. (2006). Active mass under pressure. American journal of physics, 74(7), 607-613, doi:10.1119/1.2198881, arXiv:gr-qc/0505040. | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, electrostatics, capacitance, stress-energy-momentum-tensor, di... |
java, beginner, interface
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/541912/interface-naming-in-java
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2814805/java-interfaces-implementation-naming-convention
That being said, it used to be convention to not have to dial an area code in the U.S. but after seeing the shortcomings, it was ch... | {
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"url": null
} |
Look at the Types
whos step1*
Name Size Bytes Class Attributes
step1In 1x1 1 logical
step1Out 1x1 1 logical
The results from step 1 are logical - are these numbers greater than low? And the answers for both of our values is yes, or true, repres... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.4895719289779663,
"tags":... |
In addition, probabilities will exist for ordered pair values of the random variables. For example, one finds, say $$p(x_1 = 2)$$ , by summing the joint probability values over all ( $$x_1, x_2$$ ) pairs where $$x_1 = 2$$ :
### Most often, the pdf of a joint distribution having two.
How to find mean of joint probabil... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9881308782546026,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8055564045566715,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8152324983301567,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 344.85361821581023,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8458489179611206,
"tags": ... |
reaction-mechanism, thermodynamics, equilibrium, chemical-engineering
Title: Thermodynamics - Series Reaction - Estimating mols of reactants based on Free Energy of Rxn Question
Three reactions occur simulteneously (assume ideal) at $\pu{T = 0^\circ C}$.
$$\ce{A<=>B<=>C<=>D}$$
a) With $\Delta_r G^\circ_\text{AB} = \p... | {
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"tags": "reaction-mechanism, thermodynamics, equilibrium, chemical-engineering",
"url":... |
javascript, jquery
Then end method (jQuery API) returns you back to your previous selection (in this case $search). Also, notice I used the identity operator (===) instead of the equality operator (==). I recommend doing this in all cases.
Use .on For Events
You should also use the more current on method (jQuery API)... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, jquery",
"url": null
} |
game, react.js, jsx, redux
Title: Simple memo game project I created my first React app with Redux and this a simple memo game with possibility to select difficulty level. I am new in React world, so it would be great if you review my project :)
Project structure:
src
│ App.js
│ App.scss
│ App.test.... | {
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"tags": "game, react.js, jsx, redux",
"url": null
} |
mass, stress-energy-momentum-tensor, thermal-conduction
More complex shapes generally require solution of the heat equation $\nabla\cdot(k\nabla T)=0$ subject to the boundary conditions. $Q$ is then found from $Q=-kA\nabla T$ at either of the surfaces where the temperature difference is applied, and $U$ is calculated ... | {
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"id": 99126,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "mass, stress-energy-momentum-tensor, thermal-conduction",
"url": null
} |
human-biology, evolution
Humans are off the charts in the amount of resources we invest in our children - our lives are 1/4 to 1/3 over before we sometimes leave our parents household (in some societies of course they never leave the house, but step into an extended family). This may be one of the reasons we are so s... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 1057,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "human-biology, evolution",
"url": null
} |
tensorflow, keras
# tf Graph input
X = tf.placeholder("float", [None, n_input])
Y = tf.placeholder("float", [None, n_output])
# Store layers weight & bias
weights = {
'h1': tf.get_variable('h1', shape=[n_input, n_hidden]),
'h2': tf.get_variable('h2', shape=[n_hidden, n_hidden]),
'h3': tf.get_variable('h3'... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 2106,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "tensorflow, keras",
"url": null
} |
fluid-dynamics, pressure, fluid-statics, thought-experiment
at a local level, the random motion of particles is the cause of pressure,
Random motion of particles is measured by temperature; the higher the temperature, the more intense the random motion.
If we are to talk about causes, the cause of pressure on some wa... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "fluid-dynamics, pressure, fluid-statics, thought-experiment",
"url": null
} |
c++, datetime
void Date::Set(int day, int month, int year)
{
tmTime.tm_mday = day;
tmTime.tm_mon = month - 1;
tmTime.tm_year = year - 1900;
ttTime = std::mktime(&tmTime);
// Temp date constructed to check if Feb 29th for the specified year exists
// checks if the value of 29/Feb/YYYY is the s... | {
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"id": 36322,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, datetime",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, wick-rotation, dimensional-regularization
Title: Besides dim regularization, what are the advantages of Euclidean QFT? Initially, I saw Wick rotation as a useful trick to apply dimensional regularization, but then I learned about instantons and how they only exist in Euclidean Yang-Mills.
Also, I... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, wick-rotation, dimensional-regularization",
"url": null
} |
So no, there does not exist a unique neutral (identity) element $e$ in $\mathbb R$ such that for all $x \in \mathbb R$, $e*x = x*e = x$.
• I'm surprised by this terminology: if a neutral element exists, it is unique. If we had two neutral elements, $e$ and $e'$, we'd have $e=e*e'=e'$ by definition. – Professor Vector ... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9693242000616579,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8077616907239226,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245891029457,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 264.1463422308235,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8553213477134705,
"tag... |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, classical-mechanics, angular-momentum, potential-energy
Title: Understanding effective potential energy I am having troubles understanding whether $$\vec F=-\nabla U_{effective}$$ or $\vec F=-\nabla U$ with $$U_{eff}=U(r)+\frac{1}{2}\frac{L^2}{\mu r^2}$$ being $\mu=\frac{m_1 m_2}{m_1+m_2}$... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 99043,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, classical-mechanics, angular-momentum, potential-ener... |
c, linked-list
size_t get_No_elem_LList(LList list){
return list->NoElements;
}
LItem get_element_from_LList(LList list, LItem element){
Node *ptr = list->head;
if(!list->head){
printf("The list is empty!\n");
}
while(ptr!=NULL){
if(list->compare(ptr->node_content, element) == 0){
... | {
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"tags": "c, linked-list",
"url": null
} |
\eqalignno{ \left [\array{ \text{1}&4&0&0&2& 1 &−3&4\cr 0&0 &\text{1 } &0 &1 &−3 & 5 &2 \cr 0&0&0&\text{1}&2&−6& 6 &1\cr 0&0 &0 &0 &0 & 0 & 0 &0 } \right ] & & }
So we find that r = 3 and
\eqalignno{ D & = \left \{{d}_{1},\kern 1.95872pt {d}_{2},\kern 1.95872pt {d}_{3}\right \} = \left \{1,\kern 1.95872pt 3,\kern 1.9... | {
"domain": "ups.edu",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9820137942490254,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8266843921082145,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256412990657,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 656.1434657925603,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8862626552581787,
"tags": nu... |
python, object-oriented, functional-programming
Title: Refractoring OOP vs. Functional Programming Approach I am writing a python script that will call mandrills export activity api for every blog on a worpress mu install except for the main site. The script is designed to be called from a cron job on a regular schedu... | {
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"tags": "python, object-oriented, functional-programming",
"url": null
} |
electricity
Title: use of Mobile phone on Petrol pump I was trying to find out the cause behind the Explosion at petrol pump due to the Mobile phones but eventually it turns out it is not Radio Frequency which may cause the explosion rather it is totally the static electricity which may cause serious explosion and ign... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 4000,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electricity",
"url": null
} |
opencv
How do I code the movements?
Well, this part is up to you. You decide how you want to control your drone (you can probably start with a simple proportional controller and go from there). Once you know what you need to tell your drone what to do, you send your commands along the cmd_vel topic.
Also what stream... | {
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"id": 28864,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "opencv",
"url": null
} |
observational-astronomy, galaxy-cluster, cosmic-microwave-background, intergalactic-space, sunyaev-zeldovich-effect
above: This image shows the first measurements of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile (in blue). Astronomers combined data from ALM... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 6138,
"lm_label": null,
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"tags": "observational-astronomy, galaxy-cluster, cosmic-microwave-background, intergalact... |
medicine
Kiekeboe 21: the Piri-Piri Pills, Page 17, strip 30. Author: Merho. Publisher: J.Hoste NV (currently part of Standaard Uitgeverij). Picture taken by Nate Kerkhofs on 16 september 2014.
It is in Dutch, but the names of the illenesses are clearly readable (since they're Latin anyway).
The doctor asks "what are ... | {
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"id": 9391,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "medicine",
"url": null
} |
computability, decidability, undecidability
When Ĥ is applied to ⟨Ĥ⟩
(Ĥ.q0) The input ⟨Ĥ⟩ is copied then transitions to (qx)
(qx) embedded_H is applied to ⟨Ĥ⟩ ⟨Ĥ⟩ (input and copy)
which simulates ⟨Ĥ⟩ applied to ⟨Ĥ⟩ which begins at its own simulated ⟨Ĥ.q0⟩ to repeat the process.
This process continues to repeat until... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "computability, decidability, undecidability",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, intermolecular-forces, gas-phase-chemistry, van-der-waals-behavior
Title: Why is the van der Waals constant b of NH3 less than that of N2? According to the actual data, van der Waals constant $b$ of $\ce{NH3}$ gas is $\pu{0.0371 L mol-1}$ and that of of $\ce{N2}$ gas is $\pu{0.0387 L mol-1}$.
But... | {
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"id": 17101,
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, intermolecular-forces, gas-phase-chemistry, van-der-waals-b... |
javascript, api, vue.js
.controls {
width: 150px;
display: flex;
height: 60px;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
}
.controls .navigate {
display: flex;
box-shadow: 1px 2px 7px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.09);
width: 33px;
height: 33px;
line-height: 1;
color: #ff0057;
cursor: pointer... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 42608,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, api, vue.js",
"url": null
} |
javascript, floating-point, jsp
Title: Span decimal point precision In a JSP page I have a number of Span elements. Each of this span element will be floating point numbers.
All these span elements has class "format-decimal-precision":
<span class="format-decimal-precision">${info.flaot_val}</span>
I would like to di... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 17644,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, floating-point, jsp",
"url": null
} |
2 Parent Functions FORMULA, DOMAIN, RANGE, GRAPH. Answers: 1 on a question: Match each function formula with the corresponding transformation of the parent function y = -4 x . A trick for calculating the phase shift is to set the argument of the trigonometric function equal to zero: B FC L0, and solve for T. The result... | {
"domain": "softcelllabs.org",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9732407230237445,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.808902254727793,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430415844384,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 909.1848385281028,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4815087914466858,
"tags"... |
ros, gazebo, gazebo-worlds
Title: What's the best way to texture a large surface in gazebo?
Hey everybody! Long time no write. I hope everyone's projects are going as good as possible.
I again find myself with a dumb question about gazebo. I need to do a world that looks like a soccer field. I know how to do the fiel... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 6280,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, gazebo, gazebo-worlds",
"url": null
} |
sensors, calibration, orientation
Title: Discontinuity in device orientation Why is there a discontinuity in the quaternion representation of my device orientation?
I'm using a SENtral+PNI RM3100+ST LSM330 to track orientation. I performed the following test:
Place the device in the center of a horizontal rotating pl... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 898,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "sensors, calibration, orientation",
"url": null
} |
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