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Hux had been emperor for about a year, and the novelty has worn off. He is instructed by the Supreme Leader to marry a far off princess in order to acquire resources for the Empire. If only he could stop Kylo Ren from pouting for onceSequel to Misfire.
Jim Moriarty has survived the suicide attempt. Recovered, he had been in a mental institution under extreme secrecy and guard. His entire network is broken, and Sebastian Moran is in prison. Sherlock and John disagree violently as to his future, and all John wants is Sherlock back. But now he's not certain he ever really had him at all.
Summary
Guren is an assassin so obviously you would think that he isn't afraid of a lot of things, but Guren would be the first to admit that he was afraid of disappointing his grandparents who raised him. That would explain why he had been lying to them about a marriage and kids that didn't exist.
Shinya didn't think that him saving Guren from bleeding to death in some alley way would result in him being proposed to, he didn't want to do it but there is a lot one could do with 1.2 million dollars. Shinya just had to pretend to be married to Guren for a year... How hard could that beAlternate timeline. Blackwatch failed to take down the Deadlock Rebels. Sojiro Shimada remains alive. The Shimada Clan, Deadlock Rebels, and Los Muertos aim to make the most powerful criminal alliance the world has ever seen. At least until they start competing against Talon. Hanzo, Jesse and Sombra find themselves in a precarious position when Overwatch attempts to gain unlikely support to combat Talon. ___ He was rewarded with a new look. One of exasperation mixed with amusement. If that look outnumbered the one calling him an idiot, Jesse would keep it. "One of these days I'm going to kiss you and you're gonna wonder why you waited."
Hanzo shook his head, the indulgent smile never left the archer's face. "No. One of these days I will kiss you and you will understand why I waited."
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35f465c1-a0b0-4dbd-80bc-acdd209ab5d1
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http://archiveofourown.org/tags/Breaking%20Up%20*a*%20Making%20Up/works
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EXERCISE 1, 2 – LANGUAGE AND ORGAN SYSTEMS OBJECTIVES 1. To describe the anatomical position, and explain its importance. 2. To use anatomical terminology to describe body directions, planes, and surfaces. 3. To name the body cavities and identify the major organs within. 4. To name the human organ systems and indicate the major functions of each. 5. To list and identify the major organs of each system. ACTIVITY 1: BODY REGIONS Describe location of organs/body parts in reference to others using appropriate medical terminology. Name major landmarks of the body as listed in lab. ACTIVITY 2: BODY ORIENTATION AND DIRECTION Describe body orientation and direction in reference to the anatomical position.
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Unformatted text preview: ACTIVITY 3: BODY PLANES AND SECTIONS Identify planes of dissection and the cut (sectioned) specimens. ACTIVITY 4-5: CAVITIES AND ABDOMINAL REGIONS Identify cavities and organs within. Name the 9 abdominal regions and MAJOR organs within. The 2 layers of serous membranes, where these membranes are found within the body, and the specific names of them. ACTIVITY 5 (EXERCISE 2): ORGAN SYSTEMS Identification of the 11 organ systems, summary of major functions of each system, and identification of the MAJOR organs on models 1 Richland College Biol. 2401 Marieb A&P Lab Manual - 9 th Edition...
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120bde40-d3d4-4b7e-9c84-b57868186a7e
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https://www.coursehero.com/file/6332473/Exercise-1-amp-2-The-Language-of-anatomy-Organ-Systems/
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to create referral business. 5. To be a part of all the promotional activities as and when scheduled by the Management. 1. Only female candidates required. 2. Candidate must have excellent Communication & presentable skill. 3.Ready to accept challenge and result oriented. 4. Freshers having exceptional communication skill can also be considered
1. New BusinessDevelopment
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eng
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35c1014a-057d-4c53-a6d8-69e92823fd13
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https://www.careesma.in/jobs?q=business+development+manager+patna+bihar
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1.Aries: Saturn, Mercury and Venus are ill disposed. Jupiter and the Sun are auspicious. The simple aggregate of Jupiter and Saturn produces no benign effects. Planet like Saturn will accompany about afterlife to the person.
2.Taurus: Saturn is the alotof advantageous and able planet. Jupiter, Venus and the Moon are angry planets. Saturn abandoned produces Raja Yoga.
5.Leo: Mars is the alotof advantageous and favorable planet. The aggregate of Jupiter and Venus does not couldcause Raja Yoga. Saturn, Venus and Mercury are evil. Saturn does not annihilate the built-in but Mercury and additional angry planets administer afterlife if they get maraca powers.
6.Virgo: Venus abandoned is the alotof powerful. Mercury and Venus if accumulated calm aftermath the Raja Yoga. Mars and Moon are evil. The sun does not annihilate the native, but Venus, the Moon and Jupiter administer death.
7.Libra: Saturn abandoned causes the Raja Yoga. Jupiter, the Sun and Mars are inauspicious. Mercury and Saturn aftermath acceptable effects. The affiliation of the Moon and the Mercury produces the Raja Yoga. Mars does not annihilate the person.
8.Scorpio: Jupiter is beneficial. The Sun and the Moon produces the Raja Yoga. Mercury and Venus are evil. Jupiter does not administer death.
9.Sagittarius: Mars is the best planet and in affiliation with the Jupiter produces accomplished effects. Venus is evil. The sun and the Mars aswell aftermath acceptable effects. Saturn does not accompany afterlife to the native.
10.Capricorn: Venus is the alotof able and in affiliation with Mercury produces Raja Yoga. Mars, Jupiter and the Moon are evil.
11.Aquarius: Venus abandoned is auspicious. The aggregate of Venus and Mars causes Raja Yoga. Jupiter and Moon are evil.
12.Pisces: The Moon and the Mars are auspicious. Mars is alotof powerful. Mars with the Moon and Jupiter causes Raja Yoga. Saturn, Venus, the Sun and the Mercury are evil.
Now let us altercate the advantageous canicule and the advantageous gems of the assorted zodiacs.
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81b3f6af-248e-4633-86a1-e508707aad0b
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http://athop.com/article/79018-Zodiacs-and-the-Ruling-Planets
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A Handbook of Descriptive and Practical Astronomy
A Handbook of Descriptive and Practical Astronomy by George F. Chambers
Publisher: Oxford At The Clarendon Press1889 ISBN/ASIN: 1108014755 Number of pages: 756
Description: The work is divided into ten parts covering the following topics: the planets of our solar system; eclipses; gravity and tides; phenomena including aberration and refraction; comets; chronological astronomy; stars; astronomical instruments; the history of astronomy; and meteoric astronomy. It is richly illustrated with photographs and woodcuts depicting a wide variety of astronomical phenomena.
Similar books4604338 views)
An Introduction to Astronomy by Forest Ray Moulton - The MacMillan Company It has been assumed that the reader has an interest in the wonderful universe which surrounds him, and that he has arrived at such a stage of intellectual development that he demands the reasons for whatever conclusions he is asked to accept. (7313 views)
A New Astronomy by David Peck Todd - American Book Company Contents: Language of Astronomy; Philosophy of the Celestial Sphere; Stars in their Courses; Earth as a Globe; Earth Turns on its Axis; Earth Revolves Round the Sun; Astronomy of Navigation; Observatory and its Instruments; The Moon; The Sun; etc. (4521 views)
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2745ee5d-4287-41be-baa6-e4aa4a239bda
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http://e-booksdirectory.com/details.php?ebook=4595
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Open Relationship
Cast: Romi Rain, Eva Lovia, Reena Sky, Alix Lynx, Staci Carr, Josie Jagger Maggie (Romi Rain) and Roger (Danny Mountain) are a sex-crazed married couple…but there is more to their marriage than what meets the eye. After a fulfilling day of separate sexcapades, the duo reunites at an erotic party, and their evening culminates in a surprise climax.
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a7592e33-9626-460b-bb3d-5c1684a6e6c2
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http://pornboss.org/open-relationship-2/
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If your are not satisfied with the results for Case Based Reasoning Res, please use one part of the name only to find better results. Please avoid common search terms such as "Case Based Reasoning Res Crack", "Case Based Reasoning Res Serial", "Case Based Reasoning Res Keygen", "Case Based Reasoning Res Warez", "Case Based Reasoning Res ZippyShare", "Case Based Reasoning Res Uploaded", "Case Based Reasoning Res MediaFire", "Case Based Reasoning Res Full Version".
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It's based on a totally romanticized vision of female submission inspired from the infamous bad book/movie "Fifty Shades of Grey".
Want a classic instead? Try "9 ½ Weeks" cast with Mickey Rourke and Kim Basinger. Though it didn't get rave reviews, its cinematography was outstanding (really, watch it) and I always found it an erotic film. The director did a fabulous job of creating discomfort for the audience to feel as close to the main character's discomfort as possible and it's spot on. Plus, there were a few very hot scenes not to be missed. The movie was a controversial even back in its day because it depicted eroticism in a way feminism didn't accept. It really went against everything that feminism stood for, and it still does: male power over females is a no go. Yet, in the realm of the erotic, so much changes. This is a good, deep topic for another post in the future.
For further reading, this is a good article about the history of how 9 ½ Weeks was written and inspired. That's really the "original" 50 Shades you want to see.
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75d780cb-9ab3-4bd9-9eac-fad8e82ae050
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http://www.vontauber.com/blog/2016/2/8/mine-a-sexy-video
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China two layer film blowing machine suppliers
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http://www.bag-machinery.com/product/China-two-layer-film-blowing-machine-suppliers.html
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NTIRING GENIE, mercury works its
magic in many electrical devices,
including industrial switches,
here aglow in an assembly-line test
(left). Each glass tube imprisons two
or more electrodes and a glob of
mercury. The brief blue flash occurs
when the tubes are tilted and the
mercury flows away from the
electrodes, breaking the circuit.
Rainbow of special light-producing
compounds called phosphors gleams
under a purplish mercury-vapor
lamp (below). General Electric
Company engineers developed the
white material at center, a blend
of colored phosphors, to coat the
inside of fluorescent tubes. Mercury
vapor fills such lamps, and produces
bluish light and ultraviolet rays
when a current passes through it.
The phosphor coating transforms the
ultraviolet radiation to visible light.
National Geographic, October 1972
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b4830185-2c12-4a02-aa41-8715b2900b99
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http://archive.nationalgeographic.com/?iid=54329&startpage=page0000100
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Details
If you are in mood to eat something rich, creamy Punjabi cuisine then Gits Paneer Makhani can fulfill your desire. Punjab is known for its extra spicy food with additional butter dishes. This masala mix is a combination of tomatoes and spices, you need to add cottage cheese cubes and cook it. The ingredients are mixed with perfection to provide ultimate cooking solution at home.
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At one point, Imran asked Sele if it's true that millennials prefer experiences over luxury items. Selena seemed surprised, mentioned that she's mostly buying stuff for her new house right now. Then, she brought up the recent gift from Abel:
My boyfriend just got me a beautiful Chanel bag, and [I love it.] It wasn't because it was a Chanel bag, it's because of where it came from and what it meant. So I wear it so proudly, and I feel cute when I have it on. I feel like, "I love this!" it makes me so happy. It literally just happened so all my friends are laughing because every time I have it on, I feel a certain way. And that to me is an experience. I see both sides, because I get to work and do different things. My job requires me to travel but I've been to a lot of places and I've seen nothing, so there's that too.
Okay, this is so freaking cute. It's like when your bestie has a new BF or GF, and she can't stop bringing them up in conversations that have nothing to do with them
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https://galoremag.com/weeknd-got-selena-gomez-chanel-bag-cant-stop-wearing/
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Green Building
The durability of steel
From concept to implementation, our certified Canam experts, LEED experts can assist you in your efforts to build a green building. They can offer you the best solutions and products to meet your needs. The concepts of green buildings, sustainable development and LEEDcertified buildings are increasingly present in the industry and Canam is aware that it must offer its clients solutions for sustainable construction.
There are many advantages of steel in construction of green buildings including, but not limited to:
strength
weight efficiency
recycling
reuse
Also, by combining well with concrete, wood and glass, steel offers countless possibilities in different forms and complex assemblies. It is therefore highly valued as a material by architects for the aesthetic design of a building, regardless of the architectural style of the project.
Sustainable development and environmental protection are important to Canam
Several initiatives have already been undertaken in this direction. On the one hand, the steel and paint we use are products containing high levels of recycled content. Furthermore, we participate in the recovery of our waste, largely recycling paint and fully recycling steel.
Reduced ecological footprint
Canam sincerely believes that the ecological footprint of buildings can be reduced. For several years now, we have sought to make our facilities more energy-efficient, and to develop products that maximize the efficiency of the building envelope and make the construction process more efficient.
This is one of the reasons that motivated us to develop BuildMaster, to ensure that our construction work has the least environmental impact.
Less time, less energy
Project sites using BuildMaster have a faster turnaround. By optimizing the components and installation, projects in which Canam is involved require less handling, less equipment, less labor and less energy. Ultimately, the customer enjoys a more efficient project which can reduce costs significantly. All while having a positive impact on the environment.
Waste reduction
By optimizing the design of its components and how they are assembled, the BuildMaster approach also significantly reduces the amount of waste left on-site. This assists management of the site and limits the risk of on-the-job injuries. Although steel is 100% recyclable, the best way to reduce the ecological footprint is to reduce its use. This is what we do. We also restrict the use of all packaging materials that must be disposed of.
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https://www.canam-construction.com/en/about-us/green-building/
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This is bad advice from her parents right?
It sounds like bad advice. The parties to the loan are her and the lender, not the husband and the lender. If he defaults, the lender will come after whoever's name is on the loan. The notarized letter represents an agreement between him and her, the lender hasn't agreed to transfer the loan to him. As far as they're concerned, she owes the money.
If he wants the vehicle, he'll have to pay her half the value of the car (what the car is worth minus what's left owing on it). He is responsible for coming up with the financing to buy out her share of the car. She can use this money to pay down her debt on the car.
I don't know how transfer of registration for the vehicle would be affected by this - anyone else know?
If he can't afford to take over a $20k loan, he can't afford to maintain both a car and a car loan in her name.
She needs to financially separate herself from him asap. It is her car, she needs to take control of it and park it somewhere until the separation is finalized. She should also be notifying her insurance company asap that the ex is to be removed from all of her policies (provide written notice the ex of the insurance, AFTER she has possession of the vehicle).
His indemnity is only worth what he is - and, apparently, no one else will accept his credit rating, why would she? She will remain liable for the loan that she signed until it is paid out in full.
Something else for your friend to consider is her having to re-qualify for existing financing of the vehicle. Her STBX may have lousy credit but his income might have been considered at time of financing. Dealership financing or bank financing? Is the vehicle the collateral for the loan or was the loan a line of credit/2nd mortgage? Often when one person buys the other person out, the financial institution insists on a new loan (they can charge fees, insist on appraisals, and take another look at the creditworthiness of the borrower).
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49erFanIF-Sizzlerz
Arre JYoti, even in the fake snow scene, he was actually hugging her really tight and it was a tight cheek to cheek and that was cut out too! Maybe I look at things too much, that's why I made that comment! I'll just keep it zipped for now!
BgblZoolander69IF-Rockerz
i really dont feel that GC doesnt want to do any intimate scenes...he does em pretty well...RTM for example he did without a hitch...but editors butchered it. And they are scared to make things too intimate before marraige because IB is after them. so u cant really blame them...but they need to start editing properly
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http://www.india-forums.com/forum_posts.asp?TID=1576750&TPN=87
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This Week's Mtg: Lessons of the New Deal
The New Deal has passed from history into myth, which is too bad, because the response to our worst economic catastrophe has some big lessons for how to deal with our current one. But,
what was the New Deal, really? Do either liberals or conservatives invoke its name on the right way?
On Thursday I'll open with 15 minutes on what the New Deal was – and was not. This will end with the usual: I'll try to frame our discussion analytically, in this case by listing a few of the lessons usually mentioned by historians and political New Deal invokers. Below are some discussion questions we can use to guide us after that, and links to information about the new Deal.
I think this is a great topic, especially if we can keep the focus on lessons for today and the future, not on historical minutiae.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
What exactly was the New Deal? What problems was it trying to solve and what did it consist of?
.
What ideology and interests guided the New Dealers – and their critics?
.
Did the New Deal "work?" What parts succeeded and which ones did not work? (tricky, because the goals were broader – and the effects were way broader – than just curing the
Depression. Also, government policies were only part of the story.)
.
How do Americans remember the New Deal? Do the Left or Right get it right?
.
What are the lessons for todays' crisis and tomorrow's America? (Economic lessons. Political lessons.)
.
Is a "New New Deal" possible today or even possible? How would it resemble the original
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46b2036d-aff5-42e1-bd54-cc41e094db2f
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https://civilizedconversation.wordpress.com/2011/11/14/this-weeks-mtg-lessons-of-the-new-deal/
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Monday, July 6, 2009
Le Tour! Le Tour!
The Tour de France began again on the Fourth of July, and Lance Armstrong is back in the mix (in case you hadn't heard).
So, if you get sick of the three-ring circus of speculation surrounding Sarah Palin, you should check it out on Versus. They play the live broadcast from 8:30 AM Eastern and then replay it in condensed form at 2:00, 5:00 and extended at 8:00.
Why do I love le Tour? Is it the snappy British commentators?
Yes.
Is it the fantastic camera work that makes you feel like you've visited France and several surrounding countries?
Yep.
The excitement of competition?
Yep.
The fact that, now after several years of watching, I feel like I know what I'm talking about, recognize the competitors, know a bit of their history, and am able to understand the significant ins and outs of the competition as it's happening?
Why, yes.
But the whole thing is just way more fun when you have someone to root for. For years my mother and I rooted for Lance Armstrong. Every year we told ourselves that it didn't matter how far back he was in the flat stages - once he got into the mountains he would climb to the top, leave the rest of them in the dust. But no matter how sternly we told ourselves that, we were always on the edge of our seats until he had earned a substantial lead.
And even though it's pretty easy to see that the guy's a bit of a jerk, at least he's a jerk who can put his money where his mouth is. Commentator Bob Roll crowed this year that he was so happy Lance was back to give some personality back to this thing. He's exciting, he's wily, and he's really damned good at this.
It was hard to be a fan in the past few years. Floyd Landis was more than exciting, with breakaway after breakaway taking him into the yellow jersey. My whole family got into the excitement and then -- he's disqualified for doping. And then over the next few years everyone and their mother is disqualified for doping. Distressing, to say the least.
But now, after a few tours in which only a few big names remained, le Tour is back! It feels alive again, it feels exciting again. I'm back to explaining to friends and co-workers why it matters that so-and-so didn't have his team with him, what they're doing pulling little cans of coke from the back of their jerseys, why the peloton all gets the same time, why breakaways hardly ever work, but are worth the shot, and (most often) how there can be a team sport with an individual winner.
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c737035e-fb47-4361-aadb-3c4be17855a7
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http://byitsname.blogspot.com/2009/07/le-tour-le-tour.html
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Beluga Whales Tracked During Hunt Reveal Patterns Of Foraging
Beluga whales dive deep under water in order to maximize the amount of food available to them during hunts. A new study reveals previously-unknown hunting patterns of the marine mammals.
During winter months, two populations of the marine mammals live in the Bering Sea. As weather warms, and ice begins to break, the animals move north into the Chukchi and Beaufort seas. These migrations can cover thousands of miles from start to finish. When the marine mammals arrive in their summer habitat, they dive as far as half a mile under water in search of their staple foods. However, during most dives, the distinctive whales cruise to just one-third of that distance. The animals searched for food both deep along the seafloor, and along sloping grounds, investigators found.
Cetacean biologists know relatively little about the species of animal, which lives in some of the most remote, frigid waters in the world.
Beluga whales often travel close to shore, making it easy to tag the creatures, allowing themselves to be tracked by satellite. These devices collect data while the whales are underwater, and data is transmitted to researchers when the creature surfaces.
"It's a really fantastic system for getting relatively high-resolution information for these animals that spend most of their time underwater and offshore. In addition to their inaccessibility, these populations use remote areas of the Arctic, so they are generally hard animals to research," Donna Hauser from the School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences at the University of Washington, said.
In all, biologists examined the diving patterns of 30 whales over the course of 15 years to arrive at their conclusions. Future research will examine how beluga whales may be affected by environmental changes in the Arctic. The creatures are also a source of sustenance for some of the human populations in the region, so this study will directly impact the lives of people there.
Beluga whales caught the attention of the general public after the release of the children's song "Baby Beluga" by singer-songwriter Raffi.
Study of the foraging patterns of Beluga whales in the region was profiled in the journal Marine Ecology Progress Series.
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e7e93eee-a470-4486-b113-c2540a90672a
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http://www.techtimes.com/articles/133555/20160214/beluga-whales-tracked-during-hunt-reveal-patterns-of-foraging.htm
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Salt analysis chart pdf
PRILIMINARY TESTS. Absence of Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni etc. 2. Carbonate (. Na+ Cl-. I. Conformatory test for carbonate. CATIONS : Pb2+ ,Hg2+ ,Cu2+ ,Cd2+ , Ag+ , Fe2+ , Fe3+ NO3- , Cl– , Br2- , PO43- , CH3COO–. For use by students of . Separation of acid radicals of groups I-IV. Apply Filter ash test. Further it can be necessary to test new. S. Detection of acidic radical [anions] for simple salt. 1 Water extract: Pinch of salt + water. tools for building your own reference databases. White. Yes. Blue ash (Al+3). ( one cation + one anion). - In the quantitative analysis of salts, we need to identify the ions that are present in salts. Cheryl Podsiki, Conservator, AIC-PA, Health & Safety Committee, November 2008. EXPERIMENT. SYSTEMATIC QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. 24 Aug 2012 how do i get salt analysis chart for my prepration as in This product is a result of sheer hard work. Confirmatory test. Most nitrate (NO3. Light green. Continue to group II. Yes. 0. The 35 capitalized Elements listed on the following chart are those regulated by OSHA as Heavy Metals, including the italicized compounds [1]. SESSION: Lab: Salt analysis. 3. - Qualitative analysis is a chemical technique used to determine what substance is present in a mixture but not their quantities. 51. (ii) Acid radicals not found in water solution. formation of an insoluble sulfide. Procedure. 1 mark ii) Detection of Acid radical (4 Marks). 5 hours). For example, a simple flow chart is shown below for separating a known mixture of Ag+(group I),. Week 1: Part A. pdf) or read online for free. 1. Record the observation. Strong alkalis liberate ammonia from ammonium salts. Pink. 4. 1) Presence of Copper. Reporting the . Examples of qualitative tests would include ion precipitation reactions (solubility tests) or chemical reactivity tests. A Clinician's Guide to Language Sample Analysis November, 2016: PDF Edition. Based. 2) A little of the salt solution is treated with Bacl2 Testing salts for anions and cations. NH3 gas evolve NH4. Sulphite: Colourless gas with pungent smell. + NH4CI + NH4OH +H2S, Ni2+ ,Mn2+ , Zn2+ ,Co2+. Carbonate: Colourless and odourless gas (CO2). Fe+3 may be present. Total Marks: 30. The basic idea of the qualitative analysis scheme is to exploit the variation in solubility of metal salts, such as chlorides, unknown solid salt, and you will attempt to identify its components (cation(s) and anion) following the general Prior to coming to lab, study the material in the Salt Analysis section and these notes. Using a grease pen or labeling tape, put your name on a scintillation vial. Students attempt to identify the anions and cations present in a salt by a This procedure should be effective as long as sodium, which produces experiment involves identifying the cations and anions in various salt solutions. (Procedures In many cases, qualitative analysis will also involve the separation of ions or compounds in a mixture. (Note colour of Salt). 3) Grassy green flame. III. INFERENCE. please reply as early as possible Group, Group Reagent, Radicals. Qualitative analysis. WE + BaCl2 (aq) = white ppt soluble in dil HCl. III Group, O. A little of salt solution is treated with dil. No. Aging at 100. There is no method available Inorganic and organic salts from top soil and geological strata. OBSERVATION. SCHEME OF VALUATION. this procedure. Hcl. Approximately 20 other elements are found in milk in trace quantities, including copper, iron, lead, boron, manganese, zinc, iodine, etc. They are: 1. No Colour (NH+. See the on line Solubility Rules. Thus, a filtrate obtained after first group analysis of Pb2+ contains an appreciable concentration of this cation, enough to give the test of the second group, viz. Most salts containing the alkali metal ions (Li. (c) Green,. Barium chloride is highly toxic. (e) Black. Test. The separation of ions is easily achieved by taking advantage of their solubility properties (Flow- Chart 1). -. No Colour. Dark brown. Rock salt/halite. Sodium sulfate. Step - I : Preliminary Test with Dilute Sulphuric Acid. In order to accurately and authentically capture the language, rules to define utterances, words, and morphemes had to be A SCHEME FOR SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF INORGANIC SALT MIXTURE: (C-142, Exp-2). Wear proper personal protective equipment when preparing solutions. OS + NaOH. 2 marks. TASK. 2 ml MnSO. Do the Anion - Cation analysis with the help of this chart and identify the salt quicker than ever. 5 hours) & 16:30 – 18:00 (1. 1) The above gas is passed through 1 ml of lime water taken in a test tube and shaken well. Test for carbonate. (nitrite): Salt + dil. Appendix II : Results of analysis: Thus, it will be important to understand the rules for solubility of salts in water. Cu, Ni This is one of the most famous topics in the IIT-JEE exam. Because much of qualitative analysis involves selective precipitation and then separation of the two phases, it is convenient to represent an analytical scheme in the form of a flow chart. Zero Group, O. NH4. Description. TIME: Friday, 17th May/ 14:30 – 16:00 (1. THE imrnediate objective in qualitative inorganic analysis is usuauy t0 identify a single substance, or t0 inte"igently f0"0wed_ It need be no less instructive because the Procedure, if it is to lead to a succcssful For exercises in analysis the substances given are usuauy Salts, either in the solid state 0r in solution; but it 3 Jun 2009 When you are ready, obtain your salt from the Boom. The information in this book . H2SO4. + . The analytical procedure consists of three steps: sampling, actual analysis and interpretation. Salt Analysis of Cations and Anions. 4 or Pb+2). 5. To understand the rationale and the procedure behind the separation for various cations and anions. + mix well till The salts of milk are mainly the phosphates, citrates, chlorides, sulphates, carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The addition of HCl in the second step fails to dissolve BaSO4 since SO4. SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANIONS. During the preparation of this tool, even the minutest information has been considered in complete detail. Revised: 12/13/14. Zn+2. The file is in 'PDF' format and contains procedure for all tests. Cu Present. Precautions must be taken to avoid ingestion of the salt or solution. Ag+, Pb+2, and Hg2. SESSION OUTLINE. +NH4Cl + NH4OH, AI2+ ,Fe3+. Fe+2 may be present. This group can be determined by adding the salt in water The aim of Exercise 9 is to analyze three inorganic salts (one of them poorly soluble) - and detect both cation and anion, which The qualitative analysis of single salt consists of preliminary research and analysis of cation and anion separately. WE 1 + MgSO4 = white ppt. The candidates SCHEME FOR SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF INORGANIC CATIONS IN SOLUTION. CARBONATE. Fe, Cu, Ni, Cr present. Much of the work you will be doing in the Chemistry 112 laboratory will be concerned with identifying positive and negative ions, that is, cations and anions, in solutions whose composition is unknown. summarized in the flow chart displayed on the right. Gravimetric Analysis of KxFey(C2O4)z•nH2O. com/topics/salt-analysis. WE + acidified ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-ANIONS. 2–. To perform qualitative analysis of two unknown solutions that contain various ions. Inference. Salt. Scheme of Chemistry Practical Examination. 4) No characteristic मुखपृष्ठ»; हमारे बारे में. –. कक्षावार नामांकन · श्रेणी - वार नामांकन · विद्यार्थी रिक्तिया · छात्रों को पर्ची · शुल्क संरचना · सफल Mix a small quantity of the salt with double its quantity of sodium carbonate in a watch glass. Add 2 ml concentrated H. Salt analysis (10 Marks) i) Preliminary tests (any two correct). Along with term end evaluation at the end of the EXPERIMENT C5: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANIONS. You have used several The various salts of the cations that you will be studying have varying solubilities. Qualitative Analysis of Salts. Duration: 3 hours. Group detection. includes PDF copy of SALT Reference Book. For this reason, Pb2+ is usually also included in the 2nd analytical group. School Curriculum 2013, term end evaluation becomes an important aspect of assessment. apply this scheme to the analysis of an unknown containing one or more of these cations. Using the following test methods, and referring to the FLOW CHART provided below, try to identify the white fluffy stuff you can see on the 4 sample 31 Oct 2012 - 10 min - Uploaded by Nurhaida RamliSalt Analysis Cation Identification Experiment Edunovus Online Smart Practicals - Duration: 15 apply this scheme to the analysis of an unknown containing one or more of these cations. प्रधानाचार्य का संदेश · सम्पर्कसूत्र · सुविधाये · विद्यालय के बारे में · वर्तमान खबर. Observation. Some cations form relatively insoluble salts that precipitate out of aqueous solution. The pre-lab assignment for Part A of the experiment is to complete the flow chart qualitative analysis. Colour. (Pb+2, Al+3, NH. Place the mixture in the cavity made on the block of charcoal. No reaction: Group I anion not present. The Summary of Steps. Pink ash (Mg+2). As you identify the cation and anion of each solution, record them in your data chart of the Data Pre-lab Assignment: Qualitative Analysis. (b) Blue or Bluish green. + NaOH + Heat, NH4+. Na+ SO4. Table of solubility. 5. Chart. Procedure for the selection of the method preparing 1 specified salt. ) salts are soluble. icbse. General comments: It is always a good idea to use as few chemicals as possible; it makes sense both from consideration of lab safety and . For example, chloride salts are generally soluble with the notable exceptions of the salts containing. Background Salt Concentrations on Steel Panels. 2) A little of the salt solution is treated with Bacl2 Testing salts for anions and cations. Introduction. There will be a practical examination of 20 marks. (d) Brown. This wasn't as simple as one might think. 6H2O. The process of finding out how much of a compound is contained in a sample is called quantitative analysis. Cu +2 may be present. Without this Do not use more unknown than is called for in each procedure; this will help reduce (or eliminate) potential. (Acidic Radicals). 2- is the anion of a strong acid. Cu+2 may be present. Flow charts that guide the use of the petrological microscope and chemical analysis as well as a background to . Timing. SO. This procedure is called QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. In this test the action of dilute sulphuric acid (procedure is given below) on the salt is noted at room temperature and on warming. Topic. + HCI + H2S, Cu2+. user guides with transcription conventions and directed exercises. , NH4. +. Mirabilite/Glauber salt. Sodium chloride. CATIONS: Pb2+ ,Hg2+ ,Cu2+ ,Cd2+ , Ag+ , Fe2+ , Fe3+ , Al3+ , Zn2+ , Mn2+ , Co2+ , Sr2+ , Ba2+ , Mg2+ , NH4+ ANIONS: CO32- , S2- , SO32- , SO42- , NO2- , NO3- , Cl- , Br2- , PO43- , CH3COO-. Salt Analysis Chart - Free download as PDF File (. Learning Outcomes underlying principle of this analysis has to do with the solubility properties of ionic . 6. 2 marks iii) Detection of Basic . Wash hands ANION ANALYSIS. II. In many cases, qualitative analysis will also involve the separation of ions or compounds in a mixture. WE + acidified ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT-ANIONS. Examine the solid and note its distinctive and significant physical properties. Other anions also form insoluble precipitates with barium ions such as BaCO3, BaSO3, and. USING SALT SOFTWARE. Laboratory work plays a crucial role in the proper assimilation of concepts in science. Cations While reporting the scheme of analysis the student is expected to indicate the chemistry involved in the relevant reactions. Color and Appearance. cal monuments. Time: 2 Hrs. Group II. Cu2+(group II), and Ca2+ (group IV) ions. The separation of ions is easily achieved by taking advantage of their solubility properties (Flow-Chart 1). Known. Blue or bluish green. The information available in this app is unparalleled, and no other tool has considered Practical Chemistry in 13 Dec 2014 The first week synthesis of the iron complex begins with Mohr's salt: Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 . Salt Analysis Chart - Free download as PDF File (. 1–2 hours. During its traverse water Water Analysis - Key Factors. Ni+2 may be present. Below we are providing a download link for Salt Analysis Chart which can be useful for Class 12 Chemistry students. 1) Bluish colour flame. II Group, O. (correct group identification – 1 mark correct radical identification – 1 mark). 2) Brick red flame. knowledge of chemistry. FHWA studies. +, Mg+2,. Sparingly Soluble Salts. Moisten the mixture with a drop of water. This group can be determined by adding the salt in water procedure of wet reactidns. V Group, O. full customer support Jun 17, 2015 Salt analysis general procedure to perfom experiments. The experiment below is what remains of EMU's old Qualitative Analysis course. Detection of Salts Insoluble in Acids : Appendix I: Dry tests. Many aspirants find this topic difficult . CO ), sulphide (S2–), sulphite (. The best book which I've refereed is VOGEL'S QU Safety Considerations. Q-I. 4 ºF (38 ºC) and 78 percent relative humidity. (i) Acid radicals in water solution - one acid rlldical present - two or more acid radicals present. Procedure 30. Cations No Colour. PROCEDURE. Extraction and . Note the state (amorphous SENIOR SECONDARY EXAMINATION. building or conservation materials for their soluble salt content and hence their suitability for use in histori-. Solutions of salts formed by cations of groups 1A and 2A (such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, and . (cations and anions) and positively identify these ions using established schemes. Strictly speaking, the proteins of The results of these steps are summarized in the flow chart below. Many of the Thus, a filtrate obtained after first group analysis of Pb2+ contains an appreciable concentration of this cation, enough to give the test of the second group, viz. SEMI – MICRO QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE INORGANIC SALT. Chile saltpeter. 2. Mix well + allow the ppt to settle. + NH4CI + NH4OH +(NH4)2CO3, Ba2+, Ca3+, Sr2+. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INORGANIC SALT. . ments or to compare diverse methods of conservation treatment. 1. The modern chemist frequently wishes to identify Qualitative Analysis. Collect sample in BOD bottle. Determine what cations are present. 2) Presence of Calcium. Sodium nitrate. 2 marks iii) Detection of Basic CHART of HEAVY METALS, THEIR SALTS AND OTHER COMPOUNDS. PRELIMINARY TESTS 1. IV Group, O. Add 6 M nitric acid to a pinch of the solid carbonate salt. research tools for extracting data from large sets of transcripts. + 2 ml Alkali iodide-azide+close stopper. 5 - 2. Synthesis & Analysis of an Fe Salt. The first and the foremost thing you should do now is to get a good book on Qualitative Analysis. . (a) Colorless. INSTRUCTOR: Alison Sawdy-Heritage. Green ash (Zn+2). Green. Procedure 29. Ba3(PO4)2. शिक्षाविदों». +2). Co+2 may be present. Salt Analysis. 0 - 2. HCl in a watch glass and introduced into the non-luminous part of the Bunsen flame. As we follow outcome focussed assessment approach in the evaluation process in the Kerala. 2-. Extraction of chloride from doped glass panels. Put the solid into solution. Therefore, some helpful procedure is given below to follow: 1. PART 1: ANALYSIS OF KNOWN SAMPLES. (i) (Write-up in which recommendations to improve extraction efficiency and analysis accuracy were provided in those. Volumetric Analysis. Take a look at While reporting the scheme of analysis the student is expected to indicate the chemistry involved in the relevant reactions. Factors. the solubility and color of ionic compounds. White ppt Pb+2. छात्र». The classic "qual scheme" is also a good exercise in deductive reasoning. + HCl, Pb2+. I Group, O. However, theses are salts of weak acids and This App is a concise and complete tool for Practical Chemistry. Students should wear chemical splash goggles and avoid contact with solutions when performing this experiment. The file is in 'PDF' format and contains procedure for all tests. Maximum Marks:20. 3) Presence of Barium. ALT ANALYSIS SCHEME FOR BASIC RADICAL. The distribution of 20 marks is as follows: Group I. Na+ NO3. 21 Jun 2012 A small amount of the salt is made into a paste with conc. (f) Pink. Direct the reducing flame of the Bunsen burner on the cavity by means of a mouth blowpipe. Heat strongly for sometime and 17 Jun 2015 Salt analysis general procedure to perfom experiments
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http://gapjunctionscience.org/eobi/wtuds/salt-analysis-chart-pdf
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Revised Count
We're probably in a wave (X) not a wave (5)... So maybe it will form a double zig zag on a higher time frame, or perhaps wave A of an expanded flat... will post more wave counts that will clarify this.
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https://www.tradingview.com/chart/CADJPY/o3o2hhJ4-Revised-Count/
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Nokia goes on the offensive with effective new 'app reality' ad, targeting new buyers
If there's one thing we can all agree on is that Windows Phone has a perception problem, especially in the US and Canada. The phone hardware is often reviewed favorably, but critics tend to ding the OS for lack of apps. This so-called 'app-gap' has become less of problem as of late 2013, but the perception is still there. Also, MIA apps like Sonos don't help either.
Nokia's new ad, showcased on their Canadian YouTube channel, does a really good job of breaking it all down for the consumer. In fact, it's one of the best we've seen. With bold bright graphics, the narrator talks about how impressive the Windows Phone store has become, highlighting things like UI design, Live Tiles, Windows Phone exclusive apps, and how major titles like Vine, Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram are all here already.
The ad is just under two minutes, so there's no way it could be shown on TV as-is. However, with some clever edits, this could make a compelling commercial on TV for the Windows Phone OS as a whole. It'd also play well at movie theaters, with the 20 minute pre-roll programming.
Currently, Microsoft does run plenty of ads showcasing Windows 8 PCs, tablets and Windows Phones, but they don't have many that are this direct on the benefits of their mobile OS. They need more of that and if they were smart, they would start promoting this particular video throughout their media channels.
What do you think? Does this video make a persuasive argument for Windows Phone?
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https://www.windowscentral.com/nokia-goes-offensive-app-reality-ad
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Periodontal Care
Periodontal (gum) disease is caused by bacteria from the plaque and tartar that accumulate on your teeth. Flossing and brushing help get rid of plaque, but plaque that is not removed can become more harmful. The bacteria can cause red, swollen, and bleeding gums and periodontal disease may lead to damage and loss of the teeth, gum tissue, and supporting bone. In severe cases, an untreated periodontal disease may contribute to several serious medical conditions, including:
At Jackson Dental, Dr. Thomas Jackson and Dr. Brent Jackson and our skilled dental team are dedicated to helping you avoid these risks through preventing and treating periodontal disease. Please contact our Lapeer, Michigan dental office today if you have red, swollen, or bleeding gums. We look forward to working with you to improve your oral health!
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https://www.jacksondentalinc.com/dental-services/general-dentistry/periodontal-care/
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Grilled Cabbage
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https://www.pinterest.de/tatimehlhorn/esssen/
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You are here
What techniques can I use to manage my time?
Time-boxing, Pareto Analysis, the Domino Reaction and Eisenhower Methods – there's no shortage of grand-sounding, slightly intimidating names for different time-management techniques and programmes. They may sound daunting, but the important thing is to understand the basic ideas that underpin most of them.
The first step of time management, they say, is to use a little of your time, untroubled by your usual work pressures, to focus on how you are going to use the rest of it. While you are swamped by demands from your employer, colleagues, clients or contacts, harassed by deadlines, schedules, phone calls and emails, it is simply impossible to get the clarity and perspective needed to organise your own time according to your own goals. In that situation, your plans for yourself and your time tend to be limited to getting through one pressing task and on to the next.
Once you've found that time, you can get stuck into the next key activity that nearly all time-management gurus insist upon: goal-setting. Without defining and laying out your own goals, you have no basis on which to organise your time, and that means other people's goals will probably have an undue influence on the job you do.
You need to step back and define what your long-term goals are, both at work and beyond, in all the different aspects of your life. If you don't know what they are, you have precious little chance of taking the necessary steps to achieve them. You'll also find that setting your own goals is extremely motivating.
Now, make a to-do list. Start with a list of all the things you'd like to achieve this year, then break them down into a monthly, then weekly, then daily task list. Add to that daily list all the other tasks you need to do today, whether or not they are part of longer projects. A to-do list might not seem very exciting, but it's a prerequisite for the next crucial time-management technique...
The next step is to prioritise it. Looking at each item on the list in turn, try to work out how important it is in terms of achieving your goals. If it helps take you a step towards one of your goals, give it a high priority. If it doesn't, but it's still urgent, give it a lower priority. And if it doesn't take you towards any of your goals and isn't even particularly urgent, stick it at the bottom. What you end up with is a prioritised to-do list, which is a very simple but hugely important tool and can make a huge difference to the way you work and live. It shapes your time entirely towards achieving your life and work goals as efficiently as possible. It also helps reduce stress, by turning what can seem like a mountain of tasks into individual pieces, sorted by priority and ready to be dealt with one by one.
Finally, schedule your tasks. It's important to be realistic about this, allowing for the many unavoidable demands that are placed upon you, but also making time for your high-priority tasks. Try doing it at the start of every week. Using a diary, notebook or computer, first identify the time you need to do the parts of your job that you absolutely must do to fulfil the basic requirements. Block those times out on your schedule. Then put in time for the work you must do to do a really good job. Then put in some blocks of unplanned contingency time. Every job has patches of unscheduled interruptions or downtime, and for your time management to be realistic you need to make allowances for them. Even though you can't predict when such interruptions will occur, allowing time for them makes them part of your day without knocking everything else out of shape and scuppering your plans entirely.
Approaching your schedule in this way should then leave you with time in which to enter items from your prioritised to-do list. If there's no time left, or not enough, then go back through the earlier entries and see if you can't shave a little time from some or all of them to make way for the things that are most important to you. Above all, once you've made this schedule, do everything you can to stick to it. If you're realistic and don't try to schedule everything at once, you can easily come up with a plan that fits into your life and lets you make the best possible use of your time. Your efforts will be directed at what you want to achieve, you will minimise activities that waste your time, and the odds are that you will be able to do your work within your contracted hours
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https://worksmart.org.uk/node/103792
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This game doesn't have a name but heres how it works:
You describe a character from a tv show or movie by giving clues about their sex, interests, past relationships, occupations etc. State if from a movie or t.v show.
For example:
T.V show
female
witch
power of telekinesis
the answer is obviously Prue
Get it? I'll start.
T.V show
I am a reporter at my high school
I have a crush a a boy named Clark
I have a bulletin board covered in clippings called the wall of weird
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http://www.shannen-doherty.net/forums/viewtopic.php?p=132627
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Your partner will never steal the blankets ever again with the Cover Clamp
If your partner tends to steal all the blankets during the night, there's finally something that might make them stop: it's called the Cover Clamp. Yes, someone has designed a product to help keep the blanket in place. hahaha.
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http://www.1043freshradio.ca/2016/10/04/monica-46818/
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columbusaerorc.org visitors, seo, traffic and competition. Website located in United States. Hosted in Columbus. Has the following nameservers: dns1.completeweb.net, dns2.completeweb.net. With ip 216.226.155.236. World rank is 13126780.
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http://www.websitelooker.net/www/columbusaerorc.org
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Duke Ellington is considered by many people
to be the most important composer in the history of jazz. This composer,
band leader and pianist got his musical start in New York City at the famed
Cotton Club in Harlem. His big band performed many
of his compositions. They toured throughout Europe and the United
States and played frequently at Carnagie Hall. They made dozens of
recordings. Ellington's brilliance as a composer, performer and band
leader gave jazz a new respectability.
"If I hear a sigh of pleasure
from the dance floor, it becomes part of our music."
--Duke
Ellington
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61439bbd-1833-4c53-9ef7-3ddf945ab22a
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http://brebru.com/musicroom/musicians/ellington/ellington.html
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Taxonomists an endangered species
Despite all the talk of biodiversity and its protection, taxonomy - the scientific classification and differentiation of species - is in crisis at universities. However, it forms an important basis for biology and especially ecology, not to mention the protection of diversity.
Peter Rüegg
If it wasn't for taxonomy, these insects would be nameless creatures: this Triorla interrupta (robber fly) has bagged himself a Plathemis lydia (dragonfly). (Photo: Thomas Shahan, flickr)
(large view)
Andreas Müller is a specialist; he practically
knows Switzerland's 600 species of wild bee off by heart. Reinhard Berndt also
has a research specialty: rust fungi – parasitic fungi that live in plants. And
Matthias Baltisberger is a professor of botany who knows the majority of
Switzerland's 3000 plants inside out. Even though they deal with extremely
different organisms, the three researchers from ETH Zurich have one thing in
common: they all work in a branch of science that is barely supported
nationally or internationally any more: taxonomy.
Taxonomists: researchers who classify and
differentiate species, and name the systematic units – the so-called taxa. Taxonomy
is a sub-domain of systematics. "And unfortunately the term has negative associations",
says Müller. Too old-fashioned and destitute, say other biologists; not
scientific enough for the publishers of major journals and many universities,
and therefore also those who dish out the research funds. The upshot of it all
is that the art of taxonomy is going the way of the dodo.
Shortage of funds
After all, taxonomy is not exactly a "quick"
science. It takes time – maybe even years – to clarify whether or not a species
has already been classified; it might be in a collection under a different
name, for instance, just waiting to be compared with the "new" species. Müller
has over 100 unclassified bees from Southern Europe, North Africa and the
Middle East alone in his collection, waiting for when he can finally find the
time to classify them and give them a scientific name. Taxonomic expertise is
slow in coming; the research time-consuming and unspectacular. Monographs of single
genera and families are published – books that are often the authors'
lifework.
That stands out like a blot on the scientific
landscape. "These days, DNA has to be involved in scientific projects or else
you don't get into the high-impact journals", says Matthias Baltisberger, an
adjunct professor of botany at the Institute of Integrative Biology. The
outcome: research has abandoned taxonomy, which is still highly morphological,
in favor of molecular and biotechnology fields.
Another branch of systematics has thrived from
this: phylogeny (the evolutionary history of genera, families, categories etc.)
"This particular branch of research is booming", says Müller. Since molecular
genetics began to play an increasingly big role in evolutionary issues, the
results from phylogeny have also been published in Science. The
classification and differentiation of species on the other hand is not deemed
sexy enough and the major publishers just aren't interested.
Berndt refuses to accept this. It takes years to
appropriate taxonomical and species knowledge, whatever the division. Only
someone who has acquired these skills can discover new species. "This involves major
intellectual input and is many years in the making."
Situation at ETH Zurich still comfortable
Compared to other Swiss universities, the situation
still looks rosy for taxonomy at ETH Zurich.
Apart from the insect collection, the university
also has a mycological collection and a herbarium, which serve as an archive
and tools for taxonomists. "The collections are also archives for biodiversity
– priceless, irreplaceable treasures", says Berndt. Müller adds, "Today, ETH
Zurich is the only university in Switzerland to fund a noteworthy entomological
collection, and it is used intensively by researchers from all over the country
and abroad."
Nevertheless, for the most part taxonomical
research has shifted to the museums. Berndt has also noticed a move in
scientific research on fungi away from universities towards the layman. After
all, it was amateur mycologists who brought out the five-volume work Die
Pilze der Schweiz.
Whilst amateurs often make terrific and very active
taxonomists, they often only really know about edible macrofungi. And they are
less familiar with scientific methods. For instance, their findings are often
poorly documented and therefore of no scientific use. "You can't understand the
immigration or spread of a new species of fungus like that", says Berndt.
The demise of classical mycology in Switzerland
(and abroad) is unprecedented. Chairs and professorships that used to conduct
research on classical mycology weren't re-staffed after the professors retired
or other specialties approved. Today, systematic mycology at universities is
almost extinct. "And last year the Swiss Mycological Society finally hung up
its magnifying glass once and for all; there just wasn't the new talent coming
through", regrets Berndt.
For Matthias Baltisberger, the fact that taxonomy is
in crisis is nothing new, however. The last large-scale university botany
project was initiated and carried out almost 60 years ago, back when ETH-Zurich
professor Hans Ernst Hess was working on Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender
Gebiete – a monograph of Switzerland's ferns and flowering plants. The
project took 16 years, during which time Hess published nothing. The
three-volume book was supposed to be his life's work, but he never managed the
leap into the "normal" publication competition.
Taxonomists a rare breed
Education is also suffering from the dwindling
appreciation of taxonomy. "In this discipline, education receives even less support
than research", says Baltisberger. There is neither the staff to teach species
identification nor the space on the timetables to fit it in. "In order to
supervise the students on field trips you need a lot of teaching assistants, and
we keep having to fight to get them; and with student numbers rocketing in
biology and pharmaceutics, whether there'll be enough money this year is still
up in the air."
ETH Zurich still has a good excursion tradition. On
botanical field trips, for example, biology, pharmaceutics, and environmental
and agricultural science students learn hundreds of plant species. In the long
run, however, these excursions don't remedy the lack of taxonomists.
It's a vicious circle: without species
identification it's impossible to conduct taxonomical studies. The taxonomical
crisis is also having a knock-on effect in ecology and ultimately biology. If
someone wants to study the evolutively important interdependency of bees and
flowering plants, for example, you need to know all the species like the back
of your hand first. "If we don't name the organisms, you can forget further
research", says insect specialist Müller.
In the meantime, there are various initiatives designed
to alter the course of the taxonomical crisis. For instance, publications on
taxonomy are to be accredited a higher impact factor than before. Furthermore,
the FOEN, which doesn't have enough specialists to conduct Switzerland's
biodiversity monitoring, is also looking to promote species identification. The
Federal Office has also commissioned the SANU in Biel to draft measures to encourage
and train taxonomists.
Andreas Müller knows that this is easier said than
done, but not impossible. In his crash course, students are instructed how to
deal with dragonflies and get to know species. After some initial hesitation and
even indifference, many develop a curiosity – and species expertise. "An
ecological and evolutive issue, the differentiation of the numerous habitat
specialists sparks an ambition in many students to learn the dragonfly species'
full names", says Müller.
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http://www.ethlife.ethz.ch/archive_articles/100429_biosystematik_per/index_EN.html
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Clear bright stars, fresh cool air, heartwarming music and barbeque served with love! Don't deny it, we know we've got you excited about Valentines Day… Ditch the usual candlelit dinner and snazzy outfits for a night beneath the stars with your beloved. Rediscover the joy of togetherness as you set off on a midnight walk and wake up to a misty kiss.
Imagine an evening away from the traffic, that alone will compel you to sing your favorite song under the stars in the warmth of the bonfire, sipping on your favorite drink. Nature lover or not, traveling together helps you know your better half at a much deeper level. It strengthens the bonds of friendship, creates unforgettable memories and you learn to trust each other as you take a break from the daily grind and relax amidst the wonders of nature.
Harmony Events & Talent presents a unique way to say "I Love You" to your beloved and do something specially delightful for him/her.
Spend quality time with your beloved in the calm of nature, walk along the nature trail, soothing music, make a painting and gift it.
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I'm struggling how to retrieve the indexPath of a UITableViewCell when the button in the cell is tapped. I'm using the typical delegate code for the button. I've googled and experimented with this but I can't get it. Here is my Custom Tableview cell code:
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eng
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f4252714-ca00-41c1-9234-ccfc3b9d3180
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http://quabr.com/48248971/swift4-uibutton-not-working
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Brachytherapy facility an important development in Africa's fight against cancer
A newly launched brachytherapy facility with advanced technology at a Johannesburg hospital provides patients from around Africa with significantly more options for the treatment of various kinds of cancers, and is "an important new tool in the fight against the disease".
This is according to Dr Niveditha Singh, an oncologist who practises at Netcare Rand Hospital in Berea, Johannesburg, where the brachytherapy facility was officially opened today. "Netcare Rand Hospital Oncology Centre has introduced sophisticated high dose rate [HDR] brachytherapy technology that is currently not widely available in South Africa or, indeed on the continent," adds Dr Singh.
"This new technology enables doctors to use this form of therapy to treat a range of different types of cancer including cervical, uterus, breast, oesophageal, lung, rectal, skin and others."
Dr Singh explains that HDR brachytherapy is an effective form of cancer treatment, which involves placing a sealed radioactive source very close to, or in contact with, cancerous tissue, in order to destroy or reduce the size of tumours.
"The brachytherapy unit at the hospital incorporates a state-of-the-art SagiNova HDR Afterloader, Co- 60 Source, which offers a number of advantages over earlier technologies. It enables clinicians, for example, to better spare tissue around diseased sites, improve local control of disease and ultimately to deliver improved medical outcomes for cancer patients.
"In addition, HDR brachytherapy enables doctors to use a higher total dose of radiation to treat a smaller area in a shorter time than is possible with external beam radiation treatment. The highly radioactive source is placed inside a slender tube called an applicator, and is directed to the diseased site that is to be treated."
Dr Singh explains that, as these radioactive sources have a high radioactive strength, they are able to deliver a strong dose of radiation safely to a localised area. "HDR brachytherapy is, in other words, a form of internal radiation therapy, which uses ionising radiation to destroy cancer cells in a highly targeted manner," she adds.
"The oncology centre at Netcare Rand Hospital, which has been providing care to patients since 1991, will initially be using this HDR technology to mainly treat gynaecological cancers such as cervical and uterine cancers, but will later be expanding its applications to treat other types of cancers," adds Dr Singh.
"HDR brachytherapy can be used as a stand-alone treatment or we can use it in conjunction with other treatments such as external beam radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy, depending on the requirements of each particular case, which is always unique. This means we are able to carefully tailor our treatment approach.
"HDR may also be recommended post-operatively to reduce the risk of reappearance of cancer in high-risk patients."
According to Dr Singh, a CT (computerised tomography) scanner has also been installed at the facility. "This enables us to visualise diseased areas more precisely and clearly, improve our diagnosis, and accurately plan the radiation to optimise treatment."
Lindiwe Fokazi, unit manager at the oncology centre at Netcare Rand Hospital, says that a set of international HDR brachytherapy treatment guidelines have been implemented by the medical physics team at the centre to ensure that patients receive high quality clinical care.
According to Fokazi, HDR brachytherapy can be used in the following types of oncology cases, among others:
Cervical cancer – This type of cancer may be treated by a combination of pelvic external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. HDR brachytherapy is a necessary component in the curative treatment of cervical cancer. It can also be administered as additional treatment of the vaginal cuff after hysterectomy in patients with an intermediate or high risk of recurrence.
Endometrial cancer – Brachytherapy may be used on its own or in conjunction with external beam radiotherapy.
Endo-bronchial radiation – The use of brachytherapy is well established for palliation or easing of cough, dyspnoea (shortness of breath), pain and haemoptysis (coughing up blood in the sputum) in patients with advanced or metastatic lung cancer.
Oesophageal radiation – HDR brachytherapy is often used to stop the bleeding that may occur in oesophageal cancer cases, and also help palliative dysphagia, which is difficulty or discomfort in swallowing.
"Over the last 25 years the oncology centre at Netcare Rand Hospital has become a trusted cancer treatment centre for patients. It has for long been our aim to establish the facility as a treatment centre of choice for patients from around the African continent, and our new brachytherapy unit takes us a step further in this regard," concludes Fokazi.
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http://www.mynewsroom.co.za/brachytherapy-facility-an-important-development-in-africas-fight-against-cancer/
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K.Will - To Heaven (2013.06.01) [Music Bank w/ Eng Lyrics] Are you okayHow are you doingAren't you cryingBecause I'm not thereEvery night in my dreamsYou came to me and chattedBut why aren't you comingAnymore these daysIs there some kind of problemDid you go away so farThat you can't reach meI look as if I'm doing fine without youAre you playing a trick beause you're angryWhen it rainsI hide behind the cloudsAnd I get worriedThat you might be cryingYou told me to stop and
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http://go2films.ru/kino/06+01+k
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Abstract
The molecular examination of pathologically altered cells and tissues at the DNA, RNA, and protein level has revolutionised research and diagnostics in pathology. However, the inherent heterogeneity of primary tissues with an admixture of various reactive cell populations can affect the outcome and interpretation of molecular studies. Recently, microdissection of tissue sections and cytological preparations has been used increasingly for the isolation of homogeneous, morphologically identified cell populations, thus overcoming the obstacle of tissue complexity. In conjunction with sensitive analytical techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction, microdissection allows precise in vivo examination of cell populations, such as carcinoma in situ or the malignant cells of Hodgkin's disease, which are otherwise inaccessible for conventional molecular studies. However, most microdissection techniques are very time consuming and require a high degree of manual dexterity, which limits their practical use. Laser capture microdissection (LCM), a novel technique developed at the National Cancer Institute, is an important advance in terms of speed, ease of use, and versatility of microdissection. LCM is based on the adherence of visually selected cells to a thermoplastic membrane, which overlies the dehydrated tissue section and is focally melted by triggering of a low energy infrared laser pulse. The melted membrane forms a composite with the selected tissue area, which can be removed by simple lifting of the membrane. LCM can be applied to a wide range of cell and tissue preparations including paraffin wax embedded material. The use of immunohistochemical stains allows the selection of cells according to phenotypic and functional characteristics. Depending on the starting material, DNA, good quality mRNA, and proteins can be extracted successfully from captured tissue fragments, down to the single cell level. In combination with techniques like expression library construction, cDNA array hybridisation and differential display, LCM will allow the establishment of "genetic fingerprints"of specific pathological lesions, especially malignant neoplasms. In addition to the identification of new diagnostic and prognostic markers, this approach could help in establishing individualised treatments tailored to the molecular profile of a tumour. This review provides an overview of the technique of LCM, summarises current applications and new methodical approaches, and tries to give a perspective on future developments. In addition, LCM is compared with other recently developed laser microdissection techniques.
Statistics from Altmetric.com
The molecular analysis of DNA, RNA, and protein derived from diagnostic tissue specimens has revolutionised pathology and led to the identification of a broad range of diagnostic and prognostic markers influencing our day to day decision making. Techniques such as Southern blot analysis and especially the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are an integral part of the diagnostic repertoire of pathology. However, the reliability of tests based on tissue or cell extracts often depends crucially on the relative abundance of the cell population in question, and sampling errors or a large number of "contaminating" cells as a result of the inherent complexity of primary tissues can lead to false negative results. This is especially true for the examination of early or precursor lesions such as carcinoma in situ and epithelial dysplasias, which are of special interest, because they could shed light on the first, seminal steps of carcinogenesis. Whereas some genetic alterations, such as tumour specific chromosomal translocations, can be detected by PCR even if they are present only in a small minority of examined cells others, such as clonal immunoglobulin or T cell receptor gene rearrangements or loss of heterozygosity at tumour suppressor gene loci, require that the proportion of altered cells exceeds a certain threshold. In situ hybridisation is a valuable alternative to in vitro studies for the analysis of certain alterations, such as numerical and major structural chromosomal aberrations, viral infection, or aberrant gene expression, but in situ techniques are not universally applicable, and are time consuming and sometimes technically difficult. Furthermore, their relatively low sensitivity precludes the examination of single copy genes or low abundance transcripts. In situ PCR might help to improve the sensitivity for certain targets, but does not allow quantification and still poses significant technical problems—for example, in terms of specificity. Cell cultures and cell lines provide pure populations, which can be studied under controlled conditions. However, because of the different microenvironment—with the lack of contact and interaction with stromal elements—gene expression patterns of cultured cells can be very different to primary tissues. Furthermore, most permanent tumour cell lines are derived from late stage cancers already showing a far advanced genotype with multiple aberrations that might not be representative of earlier clinical stages.
In combination with sensitive analytical procedures such as PCR, microdissection of histological sections or cytological preparations has recently gained importance as a tool to obtain purified cell populations from complex primary tissues. From relatively crude, manual microdissection to micromanipulator based approaches, a wide range of techniques has been described and has been useful in medical research—for example, the identification of clonal genetic abnormalities in preneoplastic lesions or the unveiling of the cell lineage and clonality of Hodgkin's cells.1–10 More recently, the precision of lasers has been exploited for microdissection.11–17 One of these techniques is laser microbeam microdissection (LMM), which uses a pulsed UV laser with a small beam focus to cut out areas or cells of interest by photoablation of adjacent tissue.11,13,15 The second technique is laser capture microdissection (LCM), which was developed at the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, and has rapidly found widespread interest as an attractive addition to the repertoire of microdissection techniques.16,18–21 The development of LCM was propelled by its integration into the "cancer genome anatomy project" (CGAP) sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, which intends to compile a catalogue of genes expressed by normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic human tissues.22 To develop high quality expression libraries from human cancers and their precursor lesions, microdissection was seen as an important tool to provide pure cell samples. LCM fulfills the requirements in speed, precision, and versatility necessary for such an ambitious project. The first description of LCM was soon followed by the development of a commercially available LCM microscope.18 Currently, the second generation of this instrument (PixCell II; Arcturus Engineering, Mountain View, California, USA) is on the market.J Clin Pathol 2000;53:667–673
Principles and technical basis of LCM
LCM is based on the selective adherence of visually targeted cells and tissue fragments to a thermoplastic membrane activated by a low energy infrared laser pulse (fig 1). The system consists of an inverted microscope, a solid state near infrared laser diode, a laser control unit, a joy stick controlled microscope stage with a vacuum chuck for slide immobilisation, a CCD camera, and a colour monitor. The LCM microscope is usually connected to a personal computer for additional laser control and image archiving. The thermoplastic membrane used for the transfer of selected cells has a diameter of approximately 6 mm and is mounted on an optically clear cap, which fits on standard 0.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes for further tissue processing.
Schematic representation of laser capture microdissection. (A) Activation of the laser leads to focal melting of the polymer membrane. (B) Lifting of the cap selectively detaches the cells adherent to the activated membrane.
The cap is suspended on a mechanical transport arm and placed on the desired area of the dehydrated tissue section under standard pressure. After visual selection of the desired cells guided by a positioning beam, laser activation leads to focal melting of the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) membrane, which has its absorption maximum near the wavelength of the laser. The melted polymer expands into the section and fills the extremely small hollow spaces present in the tissue. The polymer resolidifies within milliseconds and forms a composite with the tissue. The adherence of the tissue to the activated membrane exceeds the adhesion to the glass slide and allows selective removal of the desired cells. Laser impulses usually between 0.5 and 5 ms in duration can be repeated multiple times across the whole cap surface, which allows the rapid isolation of large numbers of cells. The selected tissue fragments are harvested by simple lifting of the cap, which is then transferred to a microcentrifuge tube containing the buffer solutions required for the isolation of the molecules of interest.
The minimum diameter of the laser beam of the LCM microscope is currently 7.5 μm, the maximum diameter 30 μm. Under standard working conditions, the area of polymer melting corresponds quite exactly to the laser spot size. Because most of the energy is absorbed by the membrane, the maximum temperatures reached by the tissue upon laser activation are in the range of 90°C for several milliseconds, thus leaving biological macromolecules of interest intact.23 The low energy of the infrared laser also avoids potentially damaging photochemical effects.
Advantages and disadvantages of LCM compared with other laser microdissection techniques
The most important advantage of LCM is its speed, combined with its precision and versatility. Depending on the chosen laser spot size, the architectural features of the tissue and the desired precision of the microdissection, thousands of cells can be collected within a few minutes. LCM is in orders of magnitude faster than micromanipulator based microdissection techniques and does not require manual dexterity because it is a "no touch" technique. The morphology of both the captured cells as well as the residual tissue is well preserved, allowing control and documentation of tissue representativity at all stages of the procedure. The isolated cells are attached firmly to the cap, minimising the danger of tissue loss. In contrast, most other microdissection techniques, with the exception of LMM with laser pressure catapulting,15 require the removal of the isolated cells with the help of a needle tip or a microcapillary—a precarious step requiring skill and practice. Because LCM is very fast and does not destroy adjacent tissues, several tissue components can be sampled sequentially from the same slide, such as normal and neoplastic cells. Owing to the easy handling of the LCM microscope and the virtual absence of time consuming calibration and adjustment, the learning curve is short and LCM can be integrated easily into procedures for molecular genetic tissue diagnostics.
LCM can be applied to a wide range of cell and tissue preparations. Even stained, archival sections can be microdissected successfully after removal of the coverslip.
The few limitations of LCM mostly reflect the difficulties of microdissection in general. Although sufficient for most purposes, the optical resolution of routinely stained, dehydrated tissue sections without coverslip is limited, and may make precise dissection of cells from certain complex tissues with lack of architectural features, such as lymphoid tissues or diffusely infiltrating carcinomas, almost impossible. This problem can be circumvented by special stains, in particular immunohistochemistry, which help to highlight the cell population to be isolated or avoided.24,25
The minimum laser spot size of 7.5 μm poses a limit to the precision of single cell or subcellular microdissection. Small cells may be difficult to isolate without contaminating fragments of adjacent cells. In addition, as a result of the large tissue contact area of the cap, the risk of contamination through rare, non-specifically adherent cells may be more important when LCM is performed at the single cell level. Although LCM was not primarily designed for single cell analysis, several studies showed the feasibility of analysing single or few cells procured by LCM from both tissue sections and cytological preparations.26–29 The latter allow faster and more precise collection of pure cell populations by LCM because the cells are already physically separated. Maitra et al developed a technique for the separation and isolation of epithelial cell aggregates (EASI) by spreading out scrapings of fresh tissues on glass slides. This procedure separates epithelial cell complexes from accompanying stroma and allows the rapid and precise procurement of cells by LCM without the necessity for tissue sectioning.28
A problem occasionally encountered in LCM is failure to remove the selected cells from the slide. This can result from a lack of adherence of the cells to the membrane, usually because of incomplete tissue dehydration or a laser setting that is too low for complete permeation of the melted polymer into the section. On the other hand, increased adherence of the section to the slide can prevent the removal of the targeted cells. This is mainly encountered in frozen sections, if they are subjected to prolonged drying, whereas paraffin wax sections normally do not require special handling. Several groups have reported detailed protocols to ensure optimal transfer conditions for a broad range of specimens, including immunohistochemically stained ones.16,24,26–28
The other commercially available, advanced laser microdissection technology is laser microbeam microdissection (PALM; Mikrolaser Technologie, Bernried, Germany). In contrast to LCM, the tissue is cut out from the surrounding structures by a highly focused UV laser beam with the help of a motorised stage. The tissue is either removed by a needle tip or by laser pressure catapulting, which allows contact free collection of tissue fragments in the cap of a microcentrifuge tube.15 For many applications, tissue sections are mounted on a thin supporting membrane, which is also cut by the laser beam, and allows the recovery of larger, intact fragments of tissue with retained morphology.13
Both LCM and LMM with laser pressure catapulting are important technical advances in microdissection, and future technical developments will improve the performance of both systems. Which of these two systems is more suited for a certain application depends largely on the requirements for tissue collection. High speed, easy handling, and good control and documentation of dissected tissue make LCM an ideal tool for the rapid collection of larger amounts of tissue and the pooling of larger numbers of single cells. LMM can be more time consuming and requires greater skills, but the smaller laser beam diameter, the motorised stage, and the absence of a large surface area with tissue contact (like the LCM cap) is probably better suited for very precise microdissection at the single cell and subcellular level.
Applications of laser microdissection
Although the first descriptions of the use of laser light for microdissection of tissue were published in 1976,30,31 it was not until the introduction of efficient analytical methods for small amounts of biological material that these techniques found widespread use.
DNA ANALYSIS
Microdissection is an established method to obtain purified cell populations for the analysis of genetic alterations at the DNA level from both fresh and fixed tissues and cell preparations. Many different microdissection techniques have been used for the detection of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in invasive neoplasms, epithelial precursor lesions in various organs including breast, oesophagus, and prostate, and in normal tissue adjacent to neoplastic lesions.1,2,6,32–34 In combination with whole genome amplification,17,35 comparative genomic hybridisation has been applied successfully to microdissected neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of breast, cervix, and oral epithelium.36–38
LOH studies and other DNA based analyses can be performed with ease on cell and tissue fragments captured by LCM.16 Captured cells are detached from the membrane by proteinase digestion, and standard single step PCR protocols can be applied if enough cells have been collected. Because of the small amounts of tissue used, time consuming purification steps such as phenol/chloroform extraction are usually unnecessary.
The analysis of microdissected endocrine tumours played an instrumental role in identifying the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene by positional cloning.39 With newly identified polymorphic markers, haplotyping of affected families and LOH analysis of 200 microdissected endocrine tumours narrowed down the interval to 300 kb, and further analysis of transcripts located in this region in MEN1 kindreds allowed the identification of this new tumour suppressor gene. LCM has also been used to identify LOH in ovarian neoplasms. The authors found allelic loss at chromosome 8p21 in a higher proportion (50%) of cases than previous studies, probably because of the homogeneous cell populations obtained by microdissection.40 Darling et al used LCM to analyse the partial re-expression of type XVII collagen in a patient with generalised atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa, who was germ line homozygous for a 2 bp deletion in the COL17A1 gene. They showed that microdissected keratinocytes overlying areas with type XVII collagen re-expression had an additional frame restoring mutation, correcting nonsense mediated mRNA decay and therefore creating mosaicism for this gene product.41 Recently, LCM has also been used to demonstrate intratumoral hetrogeneity of p53 mutations in aflatoxin induced murine lung tumours.42
Fend et al analysed cases of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with two phenotypically and morphologically distinct cell populations in the same tumour site. Sequencing of rearranged immunoglobulin genes amplified from the two different populations obtained by LCM of immunostained slides demonstrated the presence of two unrelated clones in all cases, although PCR analysis of DNA obtained from whole sections had not detected biclonality in any of the tumours.25 LCM has also been used successfully to microdissect Reed-Sternberg (RS) like cells from peripheral T cell lymphomas. Amplification of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes from pooled groups of microdissected RS like cells, which expressed CD20 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens, showed patterns suggestive of a polyclonal or oligoclonal EBV transformed B cell population, unrelated to the neoplastic T cell clone.29 The two latter studies demonstrate that routinely immunostained paraffin wax embedded sections mounted on charged slides can be used for LCM without interfering with the transfer of captured cells or subsequent PCR analysis.
Because it can rapidly sample large numbers of purified cells from heterogeneous tissues, LCM is also a promising tool for other DNA based analyses, such as comparative genomic hybridisation.
GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS
The analysis of tissue or cell specific gene expression is important in many fields of biological and biomedical research. The identification of gene expression patterns related to neoplastic transformation, inflammation, or tissue repair could have far reaching consequences not only for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, but also for preventive medicine by identifying subclinical stages of disease, and for novel treatments tailored to specific genetic alterations.43
However, tissue heterogeneity can make it very difficult to assign expressed genes to specific cell populations if gross tissue extracts are used as an mRNA source. Confirmation by in situ techniques, such as mRNA in situ hybridisation or immunohistochemistry, might not always be possible and is laborious and time consuming when large numbers of messages need to be examined. Furthermore, mRNA in situ hybridisation lacks sensitivity for the detection of low abundance transcripts. Therefore, many groups have tried to develop microdissection protocols that yield mRNA of sufficient quality for the subsequent analysis of gene expression. In contrast to DNA, mRNA is more sensitive to fixation, is quickly degraded by ubiquitous RNases, and requires stringent RNase free conditions during specimen handling and preparation. Despite these limitations, several groups have recovered good quality mRNA from microdissected samples by reverse transcription PCR (RT–PCR), down to the single cell level.3,12,14,44 Although most authors used fresh tissue, successful mRNA amplification by nested RT–PCR has also been reported for single cells isolated from paraffin wax embedded archival tissue by LMM and for methacarn fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue by LCM.15,45 Nevertheless, frozen tissue yields higher quality mRNA and should be used whenever possible to ensure optimal recovery of low abundance messages.
LCM offers several advantages for mRNA analysis. Its superior speed allows sampling of large numbers of cells without appreciable RNA degradation. This should help to reduce artifacts caused by a high number of amplification cycles or a lack of reproducibility as a result of variations of gene expression in small cell samples. In addition, the dehydration of the tissue section during LCM probably inhibits the activity of tissue RNases, in contrast to some techniques where microdissection is performed on buffer covered sections. Several groups have tried to assess the optimal conditions for RNA recovery from tissue subjected to LCM.16,24,28,46 Although the reported protocols differ in some aspects, the type of fixation, time in aqueous media, RNase free conditions during staining and tissue preparation, and probably also the tissue type are relevant factors. In general, precipitating fixatives such as acetone or ethanol give better results than crosslinking agents such as formaldehyde. Conventional stains like haematoxylin/eosin can be performed in a very short time and do not greatly influence RNA recovery. For many applications, these stains are sufficient for the morphological identification and isolation of distinct cell populations for mRNA analysis.47–49 To perform precise LCM of tissues showing a lack of architectural features identifiable by morphology alone, immunohistochemical staining protocols designed to minimise RNA loss during the procedure have been developed. Immunohistochemistry of frozen sections can be performed in less than 15 minutes, preserving sufficient amounts of mRNA to allow detection of cell specific mRNAs from as little as 200 microdissected cells with 40 cycles of amplification.24 Using cytospins of rat pituitary cells and a sensitive nested PCR technique, Jin et al amplified pituitary hormone mRNA from single immunostained captured cells.27 However, when compared with conventional stains, immunostaining always results in a measurable decrease in RNA recovery, probably because of the longer exposure to aqueous media.24,27
Because LCM helps to collect exactly determinable numbers of purified cells under controlled conditions, its combination with methods such as real time quantitative RT–PCR will allow a more precise determination of cell specific gene expression on a microscopic scale.14,46,50
To understand better the complexity of genetic changes in pathologically altered tissues, the simultaneous detection of multiple different messages is preferable over the examination of single or few expressed genes. Techniques such as cDNA array hybridisation or serial analysis of gene expression can help to establish characteristic expression profiles of normal and neoplastic cells.51–53 Changes in gene expression related to the different steps of tumorigenesis could be revealed with techniques such as subtractive hybridisation or differential display, by comparing related lesions such as epithelial dyplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma microdissected from a single tissue block.54,55
The feasibility of combining LCM and cDNA microarray hybridisation has been demonstrated by Luo et al, who showed reproducible differences in gene expression between large and small neurones isolated from rat dorsal root ganglia. For each experiment, 1000 cells of one population were captured, and the RNA was amplified with T7 RNA polymerase to obtain sufficient material to generate the fluorescent probe for microarray hybridisation.26 A similar approach, combining LCM, cDNA arrays, and real time quantitative PCR, was used to show altered gene expression patterns at various stages of breast cancer progression.50
As mentioned above, LCM can also be used to obtain expression libraries from purified cell populations for CGAP.56 Several libraries derived from microdissected normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic breast, prostate, ovary, lung, and liver tissues with large numbers of partially sequenced clones are already available at the CGAP web site ( The power of LCM for creating tissue specific expression libraries has recently been demonstrated by studies aimed at the identification of prostate specific genes by the analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). A highly expressed T cell receptor γ transcript found in prostate libraries generated from microdissected tissue was initially believed to stem from contaminating T cells in the prostatic interstitium. However, subsequent studies showed that the transcript did originate from prostate epithelial cells.57,58 Similar surprising results running contrary to known tissue expression patterns can be expected in the future from this cell specific approach to genetic analysis. To produce useful information, the quality of primary tissues used for large scale expression studies is of utmost importance, and tissue procurement, time to freezing, precision of microdissection, and other parameters need to be controlled rigorously.
SINGLE CELL ANALYSIS
Although single cell analysis was introduced to pathology and other fields of biomedical research before the advent of laser based microdissection techniques and has allowed some spectacular progress, such as the identification of the lineage and clonality of Hodgkin's disease or the identification of genetic disorders in in vitro fertilised oocytes before implantation, the dedication and manual dexterity required for micromanipulation based microdissection precluded the wide use of this technique.4,5,59,60 Both LCM and LMM have been applied successfully to the isolation of single cells. Point mutations in oncogenes such as RAS, viral DNA sequences, or rearranged immunoglobulin gene sequences have been identified from microdissected single cells, and the amplification of expressed gene sequences by RT–PCR has been performed successfully from both fresh and paraffin wax embedded tissues.11,12,14,15,27,29 A modification of LCM specifically designed for single cell capturing was developed by Suarez-Quian et al, who replaced the large cap surface with a cylinder covered with EVA polymer membrane.21 This reduces the contact area with the tissue to a 40 μm wide strip, allowing more precise dissection and greatly reducing the risk of the non-specific adherence of cells. By lifting and stepwise rotation of the cylinder through a motorised arm to provide a new strip of membrane, a large number of cells can be collected on the surface, similarly to conventional LCM.
In addition to specific targets, single cells obtained by laser microdissection can be used as a template for whole genome amplification, the generation of expression libraries, or probes for expression profiling with cDNA arrays.17,26
Single cell analysis poses special problems for microdissection and for subsequent molecular studies. The isolation of single cells from cytological preparations is relatively straightforward with both LCM and LMM because the cells are already physically separated and usually complete. In contrast, single cell isolation from tissue sections is influenced both by the properties of sectioned tissues and the technical limits of microdissection. Because of suboptimal optical resolution on uncovered sections, the cell borders are indistinct in routine stains, although cell nuclei are usually identifiable. This is crucially important if the cytoplasmic compartment (for example, mRNA) is analysed. Attached fragments of other cells may alter expression profiles greatly. Immunohistochemical membrane stains can help to circumvent this problem, but the precise recovery of cytoplasmic compartments without contamination from adjacent cells may be impossible if the cellular outlines are irregular. Furthermore, sectioning generates a large number of fragmented cells that lack parts of the cytoplasm or even the nucleus. Consequently, the analysis of sectioned cells result in considerable loss of genetic information so that multiple experiments should be performed. In addition, the high number of cycles of amplification necessary for single cell analysis increases the risk of artifacts through preferential amplification of certain templates as well as contamination.
Apart from these technical problems, single cell results might not be representative of the cell population as a whole because of events specific for the analysed cell, such as the position in the cell cycle or other random events. Therefore, for many applications the pooling of microdissected single cells is advocated to increase the representativity of the sample and the detection sensitivity.
Future developments
Because LCM is a relatively new technique, refinements and modifications of the general principle of "aim and shoot" can be expected. More precise single cell techniques will reduce the possibility of contamination when small numbers of cells are examined.21 Combining the LCM microscope with a computer controlled, programmable stage will make automated LCM of preselected areas possible, thus reducing the time needed for extensive tissue sampling even further.
Novel approaches to fixation and tissue embedding with avoidance of crosslinking fixatives, optimisation of rapid immunostaining protocols, and improvements in DNA and RNA extraction techniques will increase the yield of high quality nucleic acids from small cell samples and make "molecular histology" a reality. The wealth of information generated by the high throughput genetic analysis of microdissected samples using cDNA microarrays and the large scale sequencing of ESTs will require rigorous validation by other techniques, and the extraction of diagostically and prognostically useful information will pose a challenge to pathologists and researchers in other fields.
A further dimension of tissue analysis on a microscopic scale is the examination of proteins. Preliminary studies already demonstrated the feasibility of "proteomics" with two dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and zymography on cell samples obtained by LCM.16,61–65
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to M Emmert-Buck for critical reading
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http://jcp.bmj.com/content/53/9/666
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Is this considered mirror sites?
Is this consider mirror sites if you have 10 sites all on the same niche, for example you go into the weight loss niche. You create the first site with all it's categories and all the necessary plugins monetizing with wp robot's amazon module. Then you use back up buddy to migrate it to 9 different domains for a total of 10 sites keeping everything the same such as names of categories and all the same plugins. 10 different domains loseweight.com, burnthatfat.com, etc..Then you post 5-10 articles of 50%+ unique content across all 10 sites. Then you run the same browsenode for all 10 sites. Are these sites consider mirror sites and can they get penalize or devalue in Google's eyes
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https://www.blackhatworld.com/seo/is-this-considered-mirror-sites.211104/
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July 20, 2010
Dumb Ox
ON THE MEANING OF SUFFERING AND SUFFERING WITH MEANING Why suffering can be purposeful as well as painful.
The existence of suffering has turned many hearts away from God. It is a question as old as man; "Why would a loving God allow us to suffer - especially children and innocents?" To begin to answer this question we must think of evil as the lack or absence of good.
When Adam sinned his communion with God, the very source of life, was diminished. Everything in creation was thrown out of balance. The Genesis account makes one thing clear. Evil entered the heart of man, not blotting out love of God but diminishing it.
Following Adam's rejection of God's love, God didn't abandon us. Barely did man sin when God promised to send a Redeemer to defeat evil once and for all. God addresses the serpent who successfully tempted Adam and Eve. In so doing, God divulges the plan of salvation: "And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; he shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel." (Genesis 3:15)
The "woman" is Mary. This is why Catholics call Mary the new Eve. In her all things are made new. The woman's seed is of course Jesus Christ.
Jesus was the son of God and without sin. Everything He did was holy. When He healed it was holy. When He taught it was holy. All Christ did as God incarnate was holy. When Christ suffered it was holy. Even now, as members of the Body of Christ, our suffering is holy. More on this in my next post.
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http://www.bigccatholics.com/2010/07/dumb-ox-on-meaning-of-suffering.html
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Antonín Dvořák: " Slavonic Dance No. 2 in E Minor Op. 72″ and "Largo"
Antonin Leopold Dvořák, according to Virginia Tech, was born in the village of Nelahozeves in Bohemian, which now is in the Czech Republic. Here is the beginning of the bio at ClassicalNet:
Contrary to legend, Antonín Dvořák (September 8, 1841 – May 1, 1904) was not born in poverty. His father was an innkeeper and butcher, as well as an amateur musician. The father not only put no obstacles in the way of his son's pursuit of a musical career, he and his wife positively encouraged the boy. He learned the violin and finally was sent to the Prague Organ School, from which he emerged at age 18 as a trained organist and immediately plunged into the life of a working musician. He played in various dance bands, usually as a violist. One of his groups became the core of the Provisional Theater orchestra, the first Czech-language theater in Prague, and Dvořák was appointed principal violist. Around this time, he also began giving private piano lessons, eventually marrying one of his students. (Continue Reading…)
Above is the Slavonic Dance No. 2 in E Minor Op. 72 performed by an all star lineup: Violinist Itzhak Perlman and cellist Yo-Yo Ma are conducted by Seiji Ozawa. The only information on the Largo video that I can understand is that it is being played by the New York Philharmonic.
[Editor's note: I cross-post The Daily Music Break at Daily Kos. A commentor there was kind enough to provide more information. He wrote that this presentation of the Largo movement–from Dvorak's New World Symphony–is from the New York Philharmonic's visit to Pyongyang, North Korea, 26 February 2008. The conductor is Lorin Maazel.]
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Mental health perth
Hi. Is there an emergency mental health unit in perth that I can contact to make a plan of attack should it be needed for my mil? Bit of background: My mil moved to perth not long ago to be closer to her son (my dp). She has a few mental issues but has it pretty under control with medication.
When she lived in Melbourne she had a mental health emergency plan with the CATT team in case she went off her medication which has happened a few times since she started taking it. Since living here she hasn't had any medical records transferred or made an emergency plan so dp and I are getting onto it but I have no idea where to start
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Psd example
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Research
The long-term goal of our laboratory is to develop a framework to understand from multiple perspectives how the brain "sees" (About the Lab). To achieve this goal, it is necessary that our research be multidisciplinary. Our techniques include electrophysiology, calcium-fluorescence imaging, light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, high performance liquid chromatography, psychophysics, and biophysical and computational modeling.
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https://cvst.usc.edu/people/dr-norberto-m-grzywacz/
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MWP Warmer than today - ANOTHER new paper
CO2 Science reports on a new peer reviewed paper (Link) published in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (Link) that examined the shells of the common European limpet from an archaeological site on the Isle of Mull in the Hebrides. They learned that the Sea Surface temperatures were equal to, or greater than the mean summer SST of the period AD 1961-1990.
See CO2 Science: What was learned
Based on graphical representations of their reconstructed SSTs
pertaining to five intervals of the Roman Warm Period (RWP) - which the
three researchers identify as occurring between 2500 and 1600 years
Before Present - it is evident that fully one-third of the peak summer
SSTs were either equal to, or greater than, the mean summer SST
of the period AD 1961-1990, leading them to conclude that the mean
summer temperature of that portion of the RWP "was similar to the late
20th century."
What it means
Once again - see Roman Warm Period in our Subject Index - we have another manifestation of the fact
that in numerous places around the world, it was just as warm - or
warmer - some two millennia ago than it has been recently, when there
was 30% less CO2 in the air than there is today. And this observation strongly suggests that the warmth of today is likely due to something other than mankind's CO2 emissions. Reference
Wang, T., Surge, D. and Mithen, S. 2012. Seasonal temperature
variability of the Neoglacial (3300-2500 BP) and Roman Warm Period
(2500-1600 BP) reconstructed from oxygen isotope ratios of limpet shells
(Patella vulgata), Northwest Scotland. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology317-318: 104-113
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"Almost Gone" - John Carter's take on the white Genju
Okay, so in the most recent installment of Saturday School on the magicthegathering.com website, John Carter stated that
| if you repeatedly activate Genju of the Fields, it will get the | "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" | text multiple times.
I don't understand why this is the case. The card's text doesn't say "gains" but "becomes", so this is characteristics-setting text, right? Activating the white Genju multiple times would overwrite the previous state time and again, each resolution turning the land into a 2/5 white Spirit creature with exactly one instance of the "spirit link"-ability. Or what am I missing?
Reinhard Schilmöller <schilmo@uni-muenster.de> writes: > Okay, so in the most recent installment of Saturday School > on the magicthegathering.com website, John Carter stated > that > > | if you repeatedly activate Genju of the Fields, it will get the > | "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" > | text multiple times.
Yup.
> I don't understand why this is the case. The card's text doesn't > say "gains" but "becomes", so this is characteristics-setting text, > right?
Nope. The word "becomes" isn't one of the Magic words that does this, and the Genju is affecting another object here anyway.
,----[ Magic Comp. Rules < ] | 405.2. Some objects have static abilities which state that the | object "has" one or more abilities or characteristic values; | "is" a particular type, supertype, subtype, or color; or that one or | more of its characteristics "is" or "are" a particular value. These | abilities are characteristic-setting abilities. Abilities of an | object that affect the characteristics of another object are not | characteristic-setting abilities. See rule 201, "Characteristics," | and rule 418.5a. `----
> Activating the white Genju multiple times would overwrite the > previous state time and again, each resolution turning the land into > a 2/5 white Spirit creature with exactly one instance of the "spirit > link"-ability. Or what am I missing?
Each activation sets the power/toughness to 2/5, sets the color to white, sets the type to creature (although keeping old types due to the later "It's still a land"), sets the creature type to Spirit, and gives it the "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life." ability. Unlike the other things it does in the same sentence, giving something an ability doesn't remove all the old abilities. (After all, the old "{T}: Add {W} to your mana pool" ability is still there, isn't it?)
> Thanks for any information on this.
I hope that this helped, and hopefully others will be able to explain it even better. Please post again if you have any more questions.
-- Peter C. "The corn muffin shall be the official muffin of the commonwealth." -- Mass. General Law, Chapter 2, Section 28.
Reinhard Schilmöller <schilmo@uni-muenster.de> wrote: >Okay, so in the most recent installment of Saturday School >on the magicthegathering.com website, John Carter stated >that > >| if you repeatedly activate Genju of the Fields, it will get the >| "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" >| text multiple times. > >I don't understand why this is the case. The card's text doesn't >say "gains" but "becomes", so this is characteristics-setting text, >right?
Nope. Why? Because it is not doing anything to the _Genju enchantment_. Characteristic-setting text, by definition, has to be setting the characteristics of the object it's on (405.2). The Genju enchantment's ability is making the Plains become something-or-other, so this is not a characteristic-setting ability, or characteristic-setting text.
>Activating the white Genju multiple times would overwrite >the previous state time and again,
Yes. But: the effect does not say it -loses- any -previous- abilities. The rulebook does say the color gets overwritten (Glossary, 'Color'), and the power and toughness are obviously overwriting the previous values (if any), not adding a new power and toughness alongside the current one. But nothing says this about abilities; using a Genju ability on enchanted land doesn't take away that land's _mana_ abilities, for example.
>each resolution turning the >land into a 2/5 white Spirit creature with exactly one instance >of the "spirit link"-ability. Or what am I missing?
You're missing that it's not a char-setting ability, and is not removing previous instances of this ability the land (creature) may have - or any other ability it may have either
>>| if you repeatedly activate Genju of the Fields, it will get the >>| "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" >>| text multiple times. >> >>I don't understand why this is the case. The card's text doesn't >>say "gains" but "becomes", so this is characteristics-setting text, >>right? > > Nope. Why? Because it is not doing anything to the _Genju enchantment_. > Characteristic-setting text, by definition, has to be setting the > characteristics of the object it's on (405.2). The Genju enchantment's > ability is making the Plains become something-or-other, so this is not > a characteristic-setting ability, or characteristic-setting text.
And if 2 Essence Slivers in play, all Slivers have 2 instances of the "Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" ability. And I gain 2 life for each point of life my Sliver deals. Right? If so, this example might be easier for people to grasp. If not... please explain why the difference between Essence Sliver & Genju of the Fields.
On Thu, 3 Mar 2005 01:34:24 -0500, Giant Giant <nosp@m> wrote: >> Nope. Why? Because it is not doing anything to the _Genju enchantment_. >> Characteristic-setting text, by definition, has to be setting the >> characteristics of the object it's on (405.2). The Genju enchantment's >> ability is making the Plains become something-or-other, so this is not >> a characteristic-setting ability, or characteristic-setting text. > >And if 2 Essence Slivers in play, all Slivers have 2 instances of the >"Whenever this creature deals damage, you gain that much life" ability.
This, unlike almost all other Slivers, doesn't give something _to all other Slivers_.
However, if two of these are out, each one has a separate instance of the triggered ability which is -watching for- any Sliver to deal damage, and both will trigger off of that, and you'll end up gaining twice the damage in life. But the abilities are not _on the Sliver dealing damage itself_ here.
>And I gain 2 life for each point of life my Sliver deals. Right?
Each point of damage, and you end up gaining twice the damage, right
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Home
Student Minors Fair – we will be running a Minors Fair on Tuesday 7th March 2017 at 4pm-6pm in the Event Tent in the UCL Main Courtyard. This fair is intended to give year 1 students an opportunity to ask questions about the Minors and to help students make their final decision.
Year 1 students will choose a minor stream that allow them to gain a grounding in another engineering or relevant discipline or an interdisciplinary topic by offering a coherent set of three 0.5 course-unit modules allowing an introduction to a field as well as an opportunity to cover an interdisciplinary topic to reasonable depth. The minors currently proposed enable students to study, in depth, in a broad range of subjects.
Module 1: Takes place in Year 2 Term 2.
Module 2: Takes place in Year 3 Term 1.
Module 3: Takes place in Year 3 Term 2.
Once you have reviewed all the available minors please follow the link below to indicate which minor you intend to take next year. You will be asked to choose your top two minors.
FAQs
Why are we being asked to choose now in the Minors Poll on moodle?
It is very difficult to know for sure how popular all the Minor options available will be. To allow us to make sure we book rooms that are the right size and make other preparations for the new academic year we are asking you to make a preliminary choice by the end of term 2 of the first year. Second year options are confirmed at the start of the second year.
What if I want to change my mind later?
As this is only preliminary information we will not lock you into the choices you make now. Wherever possible we will allow people to change. However, in some cases this may only be if there is space in the module you wish to change to, as we will be planning based on this first set of numbers. In this case priority will be given to those that selected it in the preliminary selection.
I'm thinking of taking a year abroad, what happens to the minor?
You should select your minor option now. If you are successful in your application to study abroad in your third year (not in Chemical and Biochemical this option is in the 4th year) you will study the first module of the minor in your second year. On your return you can choose to complete the remaining modules of your minor but will not be forced to.
Do all programmes have minors?
A small number of programmes within those that make up the IEP do not. This is typically where there is already an additional element, such as Engineering (Mechanical with Business Finance) where the Business Finance modules form the minor.
Why a set of three modules?
The intention of the minor is that it allows you to explore another topic to a certain depth. We found in many areas that the pre-requisites required to study modules in the 3rd year, where we typically see this depth, restricted them to a small number of students. The second year modules allows a much wider range of students to access these modules and allow a much broader range of topics to be covered.
Why these topics?
Departments were asked to develop minor options that would be appealing to a range of students from across the faculty. In addition, we specifically set topics outside the main engineering subjects, such as languages, management or entrepreneurship. The minors are designed to be in areas of our interdisciplinary research strengths to provide opportunities to learn from the world-leading research staff in their specialist areas.
Does the minor change my degree title?
No, your degree title doesn't change because of the minor you choose.
If I really like the topic of the minor can I study it more?
Many of the minors will give the background knowledge required to study our masters level modules in the 4th year.
Can I change my minor once I've started?
As the first module acts as the basis for later modules it is difficult to change between many minors once you are any way into the programme. In exceptional circumstances or if there are very good reasons will do all we can to help you if changes are needed, but you may be restricted in the alternate choices you have. To request a change, please follow this link to complete the required form: IEP Minor Change Request Form. All requests must be submitted before the end of Term 2 in the second year.
How can I get more information?
There will be further events and opportunities to get more detailed information during this 2nd term. For detailed information on a specific minor, the best point of contact is the minor leader, who should be listed on the minors website.
Will there be caps or limits?
We hope that no caps or limits will be required, but there are some Minors which are very popular. Based on the information you provide now (March) we aim to put in place enough resources to meet the demand for all modules. If only a very small number of students select a particular minor we may offer an alternative choice, but we will discuss this with you first.
Why are there exclusions?
There are a few cases where students from certain programmes are not able to select particular minors. This due to the material in that minor overlapping significantly with content that is in the core of the programmes. In some cases this may mean that they are already taking some or all of the modules as compulsory modules.
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Danielle's journey continues as we all pray for a miracle, keep the faith, and look for answers and medical treatments. To make a donation to our ongoing medical expenses, please visit
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Games We Play: Board Games
This is part 2 of a series (you can find the first here). In this post I share our favorite board games and how we have adapted these games to be more educational or more suited to different ages, not to mention some games we would love to get a hold of.
First, the games. I linked to them on Amazon.com so you can see what I am talking about. There are lots more that we have and even more great games available that we don't happen to have.
Now I will get into how we have adapted each one for different ages. KEep in mind our kids are 2 years apart each so they have spent most of their lives at slightly different stages but close enough in age that they all wanted to play. We have had other junior games like Hi-ho Cherrio but these are ones that we have had for ages and have played since they were small.
Scrabble: When they were learning their letters we would get this out and play letter recognition–you can use it for go fish style games as well as making words and copying words. Later we played so that the younger kids got points for making small words or even just attempting to sound it out, even if it was wrong. Now we play for real though we seldom keep score.
Boggle: The same goes for this one. Those letter dice are awesome for new readers. Usually when I play with the kids I switch all the letters so they are facing the youngest and play upside down. The new reader is allowed to make 2 and 3 letter words and gets extra points for spelling correctly. I only make 4 letter words and up or take half the points for each.
Number Rings: This game is AWESOME for the math challenged. My 7 year old figured out how to do multiplication because of it. With younger kids I allow them to figure out whichever number instead of having to attach the numbers to the previous ones. We also fudge a bit on being allowed to put rings on other players numbers and removing them. The rules on this are very adaptable, and even come with multiple ways to play.
Uno: This one is easy for even young players to get and is great for learning numbers and colors as well as right and left.
Monopoly:Okay, I HATE monopoly, always have, but my kids love it. They did have monopoly junior but moved quickly to the regular version. We usually cut this one short, and give the younger ones help with money.
Blokus: LOVE this one. This one has tons of adaptions in the rules and can be played in groups as well. My son was able to play this game easily from the start and occasionally even beat his older sisters. It can also be played individually, which makes it a nice whenever game that works on visual perception. It can also be used for learning colors.
Scategories: This one is good to play with those who can already write and read but we have often played it in pairs so that the non readers can play as well.
Perpetual Notion: Another that requires reading. This one gets the imagination moving.
Stare: A fun game our neighbor got the kids. I believe she bought them the junior edition so I have not tried the grown up version. Great for visual memory and can easily be adapted (the grownup can adapt the question to the child's age level.)
Blink: Haven't tried it yet but the kids have been playing and love it–another memory type game.
Whiz Kids: I couldn't find a link to this but we LOVE this game. You can also play it without cards. Someone names a type of thing and then the others try to come up with as many of that type as possible–simila rto scttergories but no writing so good for the car.
Trivia games: any will do. We love playing well worded trivia games, especially in the car. (I HATE poorly worded ones–ones wher ethe answer isn't necessarily the only answer to the question.) We have several that someone will read while we are in the car and someone else will try to answer.
Dice: Dice are awesome! You can use them for all sorts of games. Sometimes we take a pile , role them, and see who can come up with the highest number by adding subtracting, multiplying, dividing. Other times we just do one sort of math with them. Still other times we do a story telling kind of game, like D&D and use the dice to figure out the results of various situations. When my son was younger he would play with them and tell me the numbers. You can also use dice to figure out which passage to read or which workbook page to do. Very fun way of making things random. We have also used blank dice and used them to make other games.
Related
5 Responses
Thanks so much for taking the time to post about your games. Aspen is just getting interested in games so this has been really helpful. By the way, right now Target is having a sale on games and they have Memory, Candyland and Chutes and Ladders for $5 each.
We are a huge board gaming/homeschooling family! Some other games you might want to look at:
Ticket to Ride US and Ticket to Ride Europe (Geography)
Gulo Gulo – fine motor skills and also one that provides lots of encouragement to those with little fingers because they are better at it than those of us with big stumpy ones.
Bananagrams – kind of like scrabble – on steroids – and they are cheap letter manipulatives
Rumis – Block Building Game
Ingenious – Kind of like Blokus with a little more strategy.
Dominoes – all round fun.
Triominoes – dominoes with triangles adds some neat point scoring elements.
Carracassone – (not sure if I spelled that one right) it's a tile laying game and could be a spring board to learning about farming, city building… The rules for this one are simple enough for my 6 year old to play, but entertaining enough for me!
Also, look into some of the European games if you would like to broaden your gaming horizons! Der Schwarze Pirot (The Black Pirate). Take a look at Board Game Geek for lots of others!
This is such an awesome, helpful post. We love games. We get new ones every year for Christmas. I'll have to check out your games and see if there is anything new we "need". 🙂 Love and hugs and many blessings. You're a good friend.
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Year 2 have been writing their own versions of the story Peace at Last by Jill Murphy. We created a plan first using time connectives, adjectives, adverbs and lots of new ideas. Today we wrote our stories and shared them with each...
Good afternoon from the Owls!! As it was International Language Day Owls had great fun representing Germany with the colours of red, black and yellow. They also had the chance to taste some German food – yum yum!!! We ended the day by singing in the hall with...
Today the whole school celebrated the European Day of Languages which was a great success as we all improved our understanding of different cultures and languages while having good fun! Each phase studied a different European country and learnt a song in a different...
Owls were very lucky to have visitors talk to them about the 999 emergency service. The visitors explained when we should call them and what information the children need to give the call handler. As a treat they were allowed to wear their jackets and their headsets...
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The flight crashed into high ground after a second landing attempt. Procedural error by the crew during the final approach in that they abandoned the ILS procedure. This was influenced by the interruption of the VOR signal.
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Lessons in Developer Relations
Recently both Google and Microsoft have made blunders in dealing with their developers, but they've responded back to developers in completely different and telling ways.
Google decided that it was going to turn off it's translation api, but after a lot of outcry from developers they decided to make the translation api into a paid service. While taking a free api and making it paid may not make everyone happy it does give developers an option to stay with the service and more importantly it is a response to concerns that developers have had.
Microsoft on the other hand has done things completely different. They had a demo video of Windows 8 that made mention of javascript has the language to use, but didn't mention silverlight or .net at all. This combined with comments that were made earlier this year has caused a lot of people to wonder if silverlight and wpf will no longer be supported. Initially I saw this as an honest mistake on Microsoft's part, it looked like some marketing people just forgot to mention either one in the video. But instead of responding to the concerns of developers with some sort of response, they've taken the no comment route and said that they will announce everything in September at the Build conference. Which has steadily made the problem worse and worse.
I have no idea whether Microsoft is getting rid of Silverlight or WPF, but right now there are a lot of rumors going around that are basically just guesses on what Microsoft may or may not be doing. And the longer that Microsoft says nothing the worse these rumors will get. Now when Microsoft finally does make their announcement will they be answering questions about developing for Windows 8 or will they be answering questions on these rumors?? My money is on the rumors. If Microsoft doesn't do their damage control now, they'll end up doing it at the announcement in September.
I'm also not a Silverlight or WPF programmer, although I do code in ASP.NET where I currently work, but if I was I wouldn't be very happy with Microsoft right now. They've been told for years now that Silverlight/WPF was the way to go if you wanted to program for Windows and now they're basically being ignored. If you were a Silverlight or WPF programmer right now and Microsoft told you that javascript was the way to go in the futire, would you listen to them?? Or would you think twice before jumping into anything new from Microsoft?? Microsoft might be jeopardizing it's standing in the developement community over this.
So, in short Google had a problem with developers which it addressed and dealt with. Microsoft has a problem which it has ignored and looks like its festering into an even bigger issue on down the road. Microsoft may want to learn from Google and start treating it's developers like someone they want to work with.
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Archives for July 2015
Guess what I've been up to this summer? I've been in school….where I just finished the summer semester teaching Educators in Thomas University's Master's Program. The course I teach is called Cultivating Collaborative Classrooms through Social Emotional Learning (SEL) and it is akin to the skills I teach parents to develop self-awareness, regulate emotions, and collaboratively problem-solve in their families.Along with my passion to support children (and parents) in their home environment, this is a dream come true to impact the lives of children in their school environment. It seems that research is finally validating what I've known for a long time–that children's social and emotional development is important to their academic success in school.
Research shows that SEL has a positive effect on school climate with students showing better classroom behavior, more motivation to learn, and a deeper commitment to school. Of course, what finally got Education Administrators' attention was research that showed students who received SEL instruction had achievement scores an average of 11 percentile points higher than students who did not receive SEL instruction. Schools that implemented SEL into their curriculum also haddecreased disruptive classroom behavior, noncompliance, aggression, delinquent acts and disciplinarian referrals. And they also reported fewer incidences of student depression, anxiety, stress, and social withdrawal.
The pendulum is swinging the other way as we are beginning to realize the negative outcomes of the "zero tolerance" policies of the last decade. Instead of suspending or expelling students for negative behavior, we need to teach them skills to deal with their anger and conflicts.
An article in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution last week said that Atlanta Public Schools will spend more than $1 million over the next year specifically to teach students how to become self-aware, responsible, caring adults through social emotional learning instruction. And earlier this year, three bills were introduced in the U.S. Congress which earmark a portion of the national Education budget to SEL programs in schools nationwide.
Developing students' 'social-emotional learning skills' will help improve their academic performance and behavior and have other benefits, Atlanta Public Schools Superintendent Meria Carstarphen said. "Research shows our students can master these SEL skills and develop their hearts, along with their smarts, to become better people than we could ever be," she said in a written statement.
I'm so excited to be part of this movement toward teaching children valuable life skills that go way beyond their school years!
For some of us, fireworks don't just happen on the 4th of July. You parents of young children know what I'm talking about! I'm talking about the fireworks that happen when our children have their meltdowns, tantrums, upsets, you-name-it….especially in a public place! When it seems like the screaming and flailing about is just as loud and spectacular as any fireworks show you've seen.
[BTW…I saw a spectacular fireworks show last night featuring my 17-year-old and a broken cellphone!]
These are the times that test our fortitude as parents and test our ability to dance in the gap of (1) our vision of how we want to parent and (2) how we actually do it during the daily grind. Hopefully, these 3 tips will help you bridge that gap in the midst of the familial pyrotechnics:
1. Stay calm
THE MOST HELPFUL thing you can do when your child is losing it is to stay calm yourself. If you lose it too then all hope is lost. Your child needs you to guide her through the emotional storm. That's hard to do if you're lost in the storm yourself. So breathe and repeat a mantra to yourself that will help you stay calm…such as "I can do this in a calm loving way" or "This too shall pass."
(You may have to come back to this mantra over and over again).
2. Get down close to your writhing child*
Yes, you read that correctly. Squat down, or even sit or lie down on the floor with your child (depending on where you are). Perhaps you just wouldn't be comfortable lying in the grocery store aisle; but if you're at home or the home of a friend, go for it!
Instead of isolating your child or letting the emotional tempest keep you at bay… go in, get close. As we say in the conflict resolution field: lean into the conflict. This will get easier the more you do it, and your calm close presence is likely to have a calming influence on your child when he starts to trust that you can be a safe container for his big emotions. With repetition, you may find this strategy alone lessens the intensity and decreases the time of a tantrum.
3. Offer understanding and empathy to your child
Your child is too young developmentally to be able to reason out of her intense emotions. That's why all the perfect reasoning and logic in the world won't help in those moments. Plus, we tend to use way too many words when our child is upset. (To be honest, when you are having intense emotions, do you want someone to give you reasons why you shouldn't be feeling that way? Or do you want someone to hear you and to understand the pain you're in?)
* I know…sometimes I want things too that I just can't have.* It's okay to cry. I know it hurts. I'm here with you.
* You want to sit on my lap?* You want me to hold you while you cry?
Comments such as these give your child the message: "I know. I understand. There's nothing wrong with you for feeling this way. I'm here to help you through it."
Understanding and empathy are not permissive parenting. You can set boundaries and limits and still be loving and supportive when they trigger intense emotions in your child. Just as you support your child with physical hurts, it's just as important to support the emotional hurts.
Your capacity to stay loving and supportive during an upset helps your child to build resiliency and capacity to behave better in the future. Studies have shown that emotional responsiveness strengthens the integrative connections in the brain, helping to bring the prefrontal cortex (the thinking brain) back on-line quicker. As the brain integrates more and more over time, this allows your child to make better choices and to better control her body and emotions.
So there you have it. 3 tips to help you and your child get through the "other" kind of fireworks show. I invite you to start seeing every tantrum as an opportunity to instill this message in your child:
You are loved even when you're at your worst.
(Don't we all want that?!)
We're a team and I've got your back!
*Special Note: Some children will not let you get near them when they are upset. (My son is this way; he really needs his space when he's upset.) You can sit further away or in the doorway and keep letting him know you are there for him, at a distance, until he is ready to be comforted or to re-engage.
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http://parentingheart.com/2015/07/
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How many will there be on the tour?
With our Jack the Ripper Walking Tour, the numbers tend to be larger: we encourage the group to become the baying London mob of old which relished gruesome and gory goings-on! However, we cap numbers to ensure that all customers can see, hear and enjoy a quality experience. The maximum number of places on this tour is 50 per guide.
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http://www.thejacktheripperwalk.com/faq-items/many-will-tour/
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Halloween Crime Prevention
From our friends at the New York State Police; some tips for Halloween safety. Please see the link at the bottom of this page for "Tips for Parents" and a Halloween Coloring book.
Our Analysis:
Bottom-line; parents should accompany their children. If they protest, that's too bad. Accompany them anyway.
Bottom-line as to "pranks" that range from harmless to malicious, call the police. Extra police are out before and during Halloween. Parole and Probation authorities are out keeping an eye on sex offenders.
If you see young teens roaming as a group unescorted by adults, stand by your property and greet them kindly. Just knowing that adults claim the neighborhood as their own is enough to keep most young folks in check.
In most neighborhoods, parents and adults intuitively know this and interact with other adults and children as they pass by. Keep your cell phones handy.
If you see strange adults or young adults driving by slowly or attempting to interact with children, get the licence number and call police. But that's not going to happen if they see you with a cell phone in your hand. Note that there are some parents who follow their kids in a vehicle (but you already knew that).
PLEASE be a nice person and check on elderly folks in the neighborhood to make sure they are OK.
Have a fun and safe Halloween!!!
Tips from the New York State Police:
Do not allow a child to go "Trick or Treating" alone. Be sure older children TAKE A FRIEND and an ADULT accompanies young children.
Be certain to accompany young children to the door of every house they approach.
Be certain that parents are familiar with every house and all people from which the children receive treats.
Children should be cautioned that they should NOT enter any home without prior permission from their parents.
Children should be cautioned not to approach any vehicle, occupied or not, unless they know the owner and are accompanied by a parent.
Make sure that all children carry a glow stick or wear reflective clothing.
When using facial masks, make sure that children can see and breathe properly and easily.
All costumes and masks should be clearly marked as flame resistant.
Children should be warned to NEVER approach any house that is not well lit and does not have a porch or "outside" light on.
Children should be cautioned to remember any suspicious incidents and report them to their parents and/or the proper official.
Children should be cautioned to run away from people who try to trick them with special treats.
Children should be instructed to scream and make a scene if anyone tries to grab them or force them, in any way, to go with them.
Parents should inspect all treats and dispose of anything that seems to have been tampered with, has been opened, or is not wrapped.
A good alternative to "Trick or Treating" is for parents to organize parties at home, in schools, or in community centers in
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2bc80047-3f1d-40b6-b1cb-1163c870cff4
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https://www.crimeinamerica.net/2010/10/28/halloween-crime-prevention/
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Soon I'll be starting in a project where my responsibility will be to create the networked multiplayer support for a game that a team is making with Unity. I'm a programmer, not a complete beginner as I have a couple small, finished games under my belt, but not terribly experienced either. I've never done a multiplayer portion for a complete game before, and frankly I'm a little terrified I botch this up. I hear network programming is supposed to be hard. This is the biggest and most ambitious project I've taken part in so far. The game is going to be released and sold to the general public, so things really need to work.
What the game needs is a way for players to find each other. A player can host a game and another player can find it and join it. Something really simple. It would be desirable for players to be able to chat with each other and add each other to a friends list so they can find each other later on too, and that playing with your friends would be easier, but that's not essential for the game to work and be playable.
We are prepared to set up a server for all this, probably renting it from somewhere reliable, running our software there. Amazon supposedly have a service where this is possible, that's a likely option. Is that a reasonable idea?
After the match has been made, it's still a bit up in the air if we want to do the gameplay peer-to-peer or with a server. I know cheating can be an issue if critical data is on the client, any other things to take into consideration when deciding this? We possibly might just consider such cheaters a small issue that we can ignore. The game is a turn-based strategy, where precision with timings is not critical.
I've searched some stuff, and read about Unity's Master Server thingy. On paper it seems to be able to do what I'm after, but someone more experienced with Unity said that in practice it's garbage. Any comments on that?
I've also looked at some not-free Unity plugins. How am I supposed to know if these do what I need them to before paying money? Just by reading their description?
Are there any plugins and such for Unity that would have the functionality we need, or do I need to roll it up from scratch? Costing money is not a deal breaker.
Does anyone have any tips for this kind of stuff? Things to avoid? Anything at all?
You've done no networking before? Well this means I have good news and bad news. The bad news is that networking can be hard to get the hang of. The good news is that the "basics" are very applicable when things get crazy.
Unity has a whole guide but their first suggestion is grasping the basics. You can get lost in Unity's implementation if you don't have that understanding.
I would say stop thinking about a server to host your stuff on. Seriously just start building a quick set of apps that showcase your basic communication. Networking is fundamentally about communication between 2 or more things. I hate to use the word clients because that has a certain connotation in networking. These things can be clients, they can also be servers.
Point being, first set up a relationship. Client/server is the simplest and it's where you might want to go with your game. Start sending some basic data. Learn how that works. It's very, very, very simple in C# which is applicable in unity. Also very easy in Python. Very easy in Java. It's easy in pretty much everything new these days. I would say don't explore in C++/C and the like... you'll find the implementation very, uh, obtuse and confusing.
Your friend (colleague?) saying it's "garbage" seems a bit silly. This is always about how you implement it. All I can say is that it works and I haven't seen any huge problems about it. There are unique challenges to it. But these challenges can become a huge problem if you don't understand the basics.
The difference between peer-to-peer and client/server you'll quickly learn is more or less semantics. As peers/clients/servers are all just things that send and receive data. Sometimes the server takes stuff with that data and sends it to the clients. Sometimes you just skip that step and send it right to the other players. This depends on the type of game though. Real time stuff is better suited to client/server as the server keeps the "real" game information. Turn based stuff can be done peer to peer. But then you have to consider what happens if someone leaves.
Networking is huge and can be daunting. So many implications exist in games without networking... now you have to share information between multiple machines! I wouldn't really know where to begin addressing all of these implications other than saying: learn the basics. Send a number from one computer. To another.
One technical piece of advice I'd suggest is do this over multiple computers. Don't try to fudge on just one machine. To really appreciate the architecture you need to see how it works. Don't use your loopback address (that is, when starting to figure this out don't make your computer your server AND client). Use multiple computers.
After you've learned the basics you'll understand the unity stuff a lot more and be much better prepared. It streamlines the sharing of data so you have to worry less about the technical stuff. But you still have to use that data in a method conducive to good performance.
I'm not going to sugar coat it. Networking is hard. It is ambitious at first. But once it clicks. It clicks. Wish I could intersperse this with pretty pictures. But such is Reddit commenting. Imagine a useful infographic or something. :)
I've done some very basic networking exercises, printing stuff on console to see that a packet from another machine got through and such, but never anything in a real application, and not with Unity. Just exercises one can probably find all over the Internet in tutorials.
Right now I don't even have a computer to develop with, just a mobile device to browse the 'net and do some preliminary research with. Once the job starts and I get a computer, I'm hoping I would have an idea about where to start. I'm trying to get some pointers researched up now, so when I get handed a computer I'll be able to show I'm doing something instead of spending a month just surfing the 'net and doing small experiments with not much to show.
What the game needs is a way for players to find each other. A player can host a game and another player can find it and join it. Something really simple.
Unfortunately this is not "really simple"! What seems simple to the user is not simple on the back-end. You need to run your own master/matchmaking server, and then one of the players runs their own game server. You will need to be able to get around that player's Network Address Translation issues because they are likely to be behind a router or two. "NAT punchthrough" is one way of describing this problem, with information in many places, but here's a good start:
Ignore this problem for now. Start developing your game as if players already know who is hosting it. Put the host's IP address into a configuration file and work from there. Once you have the game running properly in client/server mode that way, then you can think about how to perform introductions.
I don't know anything about network plugins for Unity unfortunately as I've always coded my networking from scratch. But if you're looking at plugins, you will need to consider the following with reference to your specific game:
Does it scale to enough players?
Does it mandate a peer-to-peer or client/server model?
Is it designed for fast-paced games or slower games? The former are usually more complex to use, but may give you bandwidth improvements and interpolation abilities. If it says it's TCP-only, it's probably not a good choice if you're making a shooter, but it's fine for an MMO or RTS.
Does it have a server-side component to help with introductions? If so, what platform does that run on?
Does it provide rooms, lobbies, channels, chat, or any other segregation/organisation system? Sometimes these can be useful.
Does it provide anything more than a simple serialisation system for pushing a dictionary of key/values around? Lots of systems don't actually do anything more than this, and for you that may be a pro or a con. In particular, you will want to see example code that shows how easy or hard it is to get an arbitrary user-defined type onto the wire and back off again on the other side.
Can't help with the networking part, but about Unity plugins -- and I suppose all third party code in general -- the way to approach it is this:
Time is money; figure out how much yours is worth. According to your equation, then, which is less expensive? The lump sum for the plugin, or the amount of time it would take you to create the needed functionality on your own?
Unfortunately, this means that to make an effective decision, you really have to have a sense of the features you're going to need and what it would take to implement them yourself, as well as a keen eye for clues that tell you whether the plugin actually does what you need.
I've never done networking in Unity, but you will want to think about the design of your connection. As an RTS, you don't need to worry about the timing of sending messages back and forth. A general plan for networking would be:
Player gives commands to units
Commands are stored locally until user hits "Next Turn"
Commands are sent to the server
The server waits until all players have finished their turn'
The server checks to ensure the commands are valid (prevent cheating)
The server uses the commands to move and battle units
The server sends the results of all of these commands to the Player machines
Player machines take the results and update their copy of the Units
And that would repeat each and every turn.
With a dedicated server set-up, keep in mind that the server should contain the master list of units and their conditions. If a Player machine disagrees with the server, the server is always right.
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25594b18-70d2-4970-b52e-7aee29dee448
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https://www.reddit.com/r/gamedev/comments/1b5wax/unity_online_multiplayer_never_done_networking/
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Meaning of TOBACCO in English
TOBACCO
noun the leaves of the plant prepared for smoking, chewing, ·etc., by being dried, cured, and manufactured in various ways.
2. tobacco ·noun an american plant (nicotiana tabacum) of the nightshade family, much used for smoking and chewing, and as snuff. as a medicine, it is narcotic, emetic, and cathartic. tobacco has a strong, peculiar smell, and an acrid taste.
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98806128-8a6c-4128-b134-d2038ccf8935
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http://slovar-vocab.com/english/webster-vocab/tobacco-7616451.html
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The need for Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Security. Where do we stand?
Overexploitation has shrunk the planet Earth to an unprecedented level and there is a growing concern that over years it may not be able to provide sufficient food to meet human demand. Rapid population growth, soil erosion, salinization, contamination, urbanization, evergrazing and biofuel production are the main factors to increase pressure on land resources.
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e6fe55b3-ca56-4871-b285-f53ecf69241c
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http://www.biosaline.org/publications/need-healthy-soils-sustainable-food-security-where-do-we-stand
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Hi friends, Today I am sharing with you a delicious lentils recipe made with Moong dal and fish head. It is a traditional Bengali recipe, very rich and wonderful aromatic.Generally big rohu/katla fish head is used in this recipe.But you can use any big carp head for this.
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53fdeada-f8f1-41b7-bad8-dc31fd6bbaf6
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http://www.cookingenuff.com/2014/06/golden-lentils-moong-dal-with-fish-head-bengali-recipe-moong-daler-murighanto.html
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Archive
1. Extremely small and portable. The Magic Flight fits in the palm of your hand. When cupped you can't see the vaporizer in your hand.
2. Awesome flavor and smooth vapor. The warm vapor from the MFLB has a smooth flavor and it just the right temperature.
3. So quiet you can't hear a thing. Unlike some table top bag vaporizers the Magic Flight Launch Box is perfectly silent. Nobody will here a thing when you inhale from your MFLB.
4. Great potency of herb. If you are worried about how strong or potent your herb can be search no further. The MFLB give good potency once fully heated.
5. Easy to use, just press battery in wait a few seconds and enjoy. The MFLB really needs no directions. Just grind your herb, put in top, push battery in on the side, wait a 5-10 seconds and then enjoy.
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8297d43d-76b9-442e-8b9e-4317f3034213
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http://wiservaporizer.com/author/Wiser/
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Synopsis
Build a balanced assessment system and support ESSA requirements!
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) increases assessment flexibility and responsibilities for states and districts, and this comprehensive guide helps leaders meet and succeed that challenge. Authors Chappuis, Commodore and Stiggins have helped thousands of teachers, principals and other educational leaders in becoming assessment-literate and developing assessment systems built on quality assessment. Readers will learn how to:
Develop balance in an assessment system by combining formative and summative approaches, providing insight on students' progress
Strengthen classroom-based assessment and involve students in self-assessment
Buy the eBook
List Price
$31.95 USD
Your price
$28.79 USD
You save $3.16 (10%) and
You'll see how many points you'll earn before checking out. We'll award them after completing your purchase.
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ae806f21-bd2a-437e-a50a-f4a556685bb4
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https://www.kobo.com/us/en/ebook/balanced-assessment-systems
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Guild Wars 2 Original Soundtracks
Take a musical journey through the Crystal Desert and Maguuma Jungle with the original soundtracks for Guild Wars 2: Path of Fire and Guild Wars 2: Heart of Thorns. These digital releases feature stunning instrumental tracks composed exclusively for Guild Wars 2's expansions.
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1b79d518-fb9b-4fd5-921b-aafeca8b4877
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https://www.guildwars2.com/en/shop/guild-wars-2-heart-of-thorns-original-soundtrack/
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Write a small business plan
Write A Book
Write a 150-175 page business book and self publish it with on-demand printing . Heck, write a 50-page book and self-publish it. The status of being a published author provides you with unprecedented access to media, speaking gigs, and other opportunities like nothing else can. (cost = $0 other than some time). You say you don't have the time, knowledge or expertise to produce a book? Then write a white paper. Don't have the time, knowledge or expertise for a white paper? Then write a series of short articles. Article marketing is a subtle way companies can gain exposure for their business by writing articles that provide information about news and trends occurring within their respective industries. Companies that incorporate article marketing into their marketing campaign demonstrate their expertise in their respective industry while simultaneously attracting new customers. If you can't write, find someone who can and pay them to write your content for you. That's legit.
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1ad4d9a0-95cc-47ab-a3af-ff0a37970440
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http://sse.bathroomshowercurtains.info/write-a-small-business-plan.html
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The Uterus
Located in your lower abdomen, the uterus is about the size of your fist and is connected to many other reproductive parts.
By the end of this post, you will be able to identify the parts of the uterus and what they each do.
Parts of the Uterus
In this section, we will explore the parts of the uterus and the parts connected to it. We'll start from the bottom at the cervix and work our way up from there.
Cervix
The cervix is like the neck of the uterus. It is the lowermost portion of the uterus that connects with the vagina.
Uterus
The uterus is where a lining develops and sheds every cycle.
It is located in your lower abdomen region or below your tummy and about the size of your fist. When a woman is pregnant, the uterus becomes much bigger as it grows to support a developing fetus.
Endometrium
Located inside the uterus, the endometrium is a layer that lines the uterus. The endometrium is where the endometrial lining develops and sheds every cycle.
Myometrium
The myometrium (not labeled in the diagram), is a layer of smooth muscle that lines the uterus and lies under the endometrium. These are the muscles that contract to push out your period and the muscles that cramp up during your period.
Fallopian Tubes
The fallopian tubes, also known as the oviducts, are tubes that lead from the uterus towards the ovaries. The fallopian tubes carries the ovum from the ovaries towards the uterus.
Ovaries
The ovaries is the organ that produces ova. The ovaries also produce most of the sex hormones that drive our menstrual cycle.
Ovum
Produced by the ovaries, an ovum or egg is released every cycle by the ovaries and sometimes more than one is released. If fertilized, the ovum will develop into a baby.
Since we have two ovaries, a common question is "Do our ovaries take turns releasing ova?" We're not exactly sure how the body decides which ovary releases an ovum but we know that the ovaries do not take turns releasing ova. For now, it looks like it is random.
Those are all the parts of the uterusYour period is the endometrial lining that sheds off. This lining grows on top of your endometrium (a layer in your uterus). So when you shed, you are shedding the lining which grows back after it sheds off. So even if you were to have a really weird period that lasted 3 weeks (very uncommon.. if this were to happen you should see your doctor), you are not shedding your uterus so you will still have a uterus :).
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e3caeb8f-9df3-4d12-a879-4230f8436e8e
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http://www.theperiodblog.com/anatomy/the-uterus/
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Are Young Men Thinking When They Commit Partner Violence?
What it's about: The authors asked 132 college-age men about their beliefs about women, their partners and their relationships. Of those surveyed, more than 80 percent had committed psychological or physical violence in the past year.
Why read it: Knowing what makes some young men more likely to hurt their female partners can help youth workers prevent dating violence.
Biggest takeaways for youth workers: Young men who acted violently toward their partners were more likely than nonviolent young men to be hostile toward women, to say their partners had negative motivations, and to have unrealistic expectations about what a relationship "should be."
The researchers found that violent young men blamed their partners, reporting that their partners deserved to be punished for their actions. Many of these young men also rationalized their violence based on the belief that women are hostile and blameworthy. Interventions that challenge hurtful beliefs about women and unrealistic views of relationships may be especially effective in adolescence, as teenagers develop and revise their ideas about gender and relationships, the authors say. Youth workers may be able to prevent partner violence by working to change young men's biases before violence has started or escalated.
(Publications discussed here do not necessarily reflect the views of NCFY, FYSB or the Administration for Children and Families. Go to the NCFY literature database for abstracts of these and other publications.)
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d88146d3-bd2f-462d-9864-a424e6ad9f59
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http://ncfy.acf.hhs.gov/news/2011/10/primary-sources-what-are-young-men-thinking-when-they-commit-partner-violence?utm_source=page&utm_medium=hyperlink&utm_campaign=news_news
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Thursday, February 25, 2010
The Berlin Airlift of 1948
After WWII the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway and road access to the sectors of Berlin under their control. This was the first major international crises of the now Cold War and the first of many later such crisis. Their aim was to force the Western Powers to allow the Soviet Zone to start supplying Berlin with food and fuel, thereby giving the Soviets practical control over the entire city. As the Russian General Molotov noted, "What happens to Berlin, happens to Germany; what happens to Germany, happens to Europe." President Truman called a meeting of his staff to see how we could keep West Berlin, a total of two million people needed to be feed and fuel to be supplied for heat so the German people would not to freeze to death. All the General's and military experts on President Truman's staff said that to fly in supplies could not be done. We only had a total of 37 DC-3's or C-47's in Germany and the amount need to supply the population of West Berlin was physically impossible. President Truman just sat there listening to all of his experts without saying a word. After all had presented their case with the negative news that it could not be done, President Truman asked for a vote with a show of hands and again it was a unanimous vote that what was being proposed was just not feasible.
At this point President Truman stood up, faced everyone at the meeting and simply said, "DO IT," and adjourned the meeting walking out.
In response, the Western Allies organized the Berlin Airlift to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin. The British Air Commodore Reginald Waite calculated the resources required to support the entire city. His calculations indicated that they would need to supply seventeen hundred calories per person per day, giving a grand total of 646 tons of flour and wheat, 125 tons of cereal, 64 tons of fat, 109 tons of meat and fish, 180 tons of dehydrated potatoes, 180 tons of sugar, 11 tons of coffee, 19 tons of powdered milk, five tons of whole milk for children, three tons of fresh yeast for baking, 144 tons of dehydrated vegetables, 38 tons of salt and ten tons of cheese. In total, 1,534 tons were needed daily to keep the over two million people alive. Additionally, the city needed to be kept heated and powered, which would require another 3,475 tons of coal and gasoline. Of course it took a revolutionary change and advancement in aviation at this time. The best airports in the U.S. at this time like LaGuardia or O'Hare needed 20 minutes between landings and takeoffs on commercial flights. To make the Berlin Airlift to work the cargo planes carrying the supplies landed and took off with these same DC-3's and C-47's every 45 seconds!!
By the spring of 1949, the effort was clearly succeeding, and by April the airlift was delivering more cargo than had previously flowed into the city by rail. The United States Air Force, Royal Air Force, and other Commonwealth nations flew over 200,000 flights providing 13,000 tons of food daily to Berlin in an operation lasting almost a year.
The success of the Airlift was humiliating to the Soviets, who had repeatedly claimed it could never work. When it became clear that it did work, the blockade was lifted in May. One lasting legacy of the Airlift is the three airports in the former western zones of the city, which served as the primary gateways to Berlin for another fifty years.
Now where I am going with this history lesson that can be applied currently is today when President Obama meets with the Whining Republicans in Congress on the Health Care Reform, President Obama is going to hear a unanimous vote of what is being proposed is just not feasible and cannot be done. My advice to President Obama is to emulate President Truman in 1948 and simply say in no uncertain terms, "DO IT!!", adjourn the meeting and walk out.
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f2fdf87e-6db3-465c-80b9-568555b996c0
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http://engineerofknowledge.blogspot.com/2010/02/berlin-airlift-of-1948.html
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Tommy Babcock Sample
Sunday, April 9, 2017
Fatherhood and the Presidency
Fatherhood has an impact on the presidency. Barack Obama was
a good man, and there is not been a stain on his eight years in office. He was
also a great father who helped produce two fine young women.
Donald Trump doesn't have the same integrity. He lies easily
and is surrounded by a lot of suspect individuals. But he, too ,is proud of
being a parent. Because of this, when he saw the "dead babies" he was
infuriated that anyone could do something like this.
The low point of Obama's administration was after he had
drawn a line in the sand, and after Assad had used poison gas on ordinary
people, he wiggled out of the situation.
When people, like Trump, are used to taking action they
respond quickly to horrendous acts.
When someone comes out of academia and they see something
bad, they form a committee.
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75d17bfc-3205-4b69-97f8-62366690a317
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http://richwhitneyturner.blogspot.com/2017/04/fatherhood-and-presidency.html
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Sahara Sunset' is a new and distinct cultivar of Hibiscus, botanically known as Hibiscus acetosella. The new Hibiscus was originated in Poplarville, Miss. and is a product of a mutation induction program. The parent of the present new cultivar is an unknown Hibiscus acetosella Wels. Ex Hiern seedling. The present new cultivar, selected as HAC06-11, is a seedling selection from a group of seedlings produced from seed of open pollinated purple leaf Hibiscus acetosella Welw. Ex Hiern. which were exposed to gamma-ray radiation from a Colbalt 60 source at the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture in Tifton, Ga.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of 'Sahara Sunset'. These characteristics in combination distinguish 'Sahara Sunset' as a new and distinct cultivar of Hibiscus acetosella: (1) Spreading upright growth habit. (2) Unique multicolored maple-like ornamental foliage with two dominant color regions, burgundy gray with an outer band of pink. 'Sahara Sunset' has small insignificant purple flowers induced by short days . The cultivar 'Sahara Sunset' has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with changes in environment and cultural practices such as temperature and/or light intensity without, however, any variance in genotype.
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de2ff467-3bf7-4f2e-8f5b-2e1d93eae42f
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https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=272326
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Photos:
Bio
Born out of wedlock to teenage parents in a small village in Africa. Henry immigrated to Canada in 2010. The same year he gained admission to the University of Windsor where he majored in Economics and graduated in 2014. After graduation, Henry worked with TD Bank Canada for a while before taking a bold step to pursue his dream of serving and empowering youth with the maximum self-confidence and leadership skills that will help them be resilient and successful both in school and life. Henry believes the best way to help our youth is to equip them with confidence and education.
In January 2017, Henry was invited to speak at a TEDx Youth event in Victoria, BC. He shared his amazing story of overcoming adversity and thriving amid hardship. With the help of his grandfather and through focus, faith, and determination to succeed, he got out of the village. Henry's story exhibits leadership, self-discipline and resilience.
His first book "Stand Up, Stand Out & Be Confident," teaches different ways of handling peer pressure, building self-confidence and building a successful future.
Henry is also a mentor with the "Yonge Street Mission." Where he works one on one with a youth, helping him build self-confidence while guiding him through various decisions in his life.
He speaks for Passages Canada, where he shares his immigration story with different immigrant's groups. His second book "101 Powerful Quotes" Is a quote book with stories for all ages. His third book "The Power of Immigrants" which shared different immigrants stories and experiences to inspire and empower others is on the way. Henry has shared his story on the New Canadian Radio program. He has appeared on Rogers TV as a special guest to discuss the issue of immigration in Canada. He has also appeared a second time to share his story. And a third time to discuss some of the challenges that young people face today and what is needed to be done.
Henry believes in the power of education, "If not for education I would have probably still be living in that poor village in Africa." He encourages young people to embrace education whole heartedly and help them build self-confidence. As a mentee to one of the top 5 best speakers in the world Les Brown, Henry has learned strategic ways of impacting and empowering people with his story and message.
Testimonial from some schools and organizations about Henry's speech.
(1) Henry Agassi came to Forest Trail Public School to speak to our students from grades 1 to 8. We requested that he speak to our students in 2 different groups - grades 1-4 and grades 5-8. Henry kindly accommodated our request. During his presentations, he shared his powerful and personal story about never giving up on your dreams, which connected and captured the attention of our students and educators. He also engaged students by making parts of his presentation interactive. After the presentations, he was available for more questions and pictures. Many students and teachers approached Henry and thanked him for his passion and advice. Henry was approachable, motivational, and inspiring – Ecole Forest Trail Public school, Oakville Ontario
(2) "Henry Agassi is a passionate motivational speaker who inspires youth to believe in themselves, he is able to capture the essence of leadership in a way to create impact" – Tania Lewis -Skills for Change
(3) "Henry's visit to my LINC/ESL class was a huge success. His enthusiasm and sense of humour created an immediate rapport. In addition, because he generously shared his experiences as a new immigrant with us, everyone found things to relate with in their own situation. Truly motivational!" – Connie Both – Thomas Martin Centre for Continuing Education, Oakville Ontario
(4) On May 31, 2017, The Learning Partnership was fortunate to have Henry Agassi speak to York Region District School Board students who were taking part in a day-long Global Solutions Symposium. Henry took part as a panelist, listening to student presentations, asking questions and offering positive feedback. Most importantly, he also was the closing speaker of the day sharing his background, educational journey, life goals and vision. The students were totally engaged in his story, which he presented in a very animated way, with humour as well as compassion. Students commented on his effective delivery style and the significance of his message. They were also very interested in his life in Nigeria and impressed with his ability to build a new life in Canada. Most impactful were his positive messages of hope and encouragement to achieve their dreams.
I highly recommend Henry Agassi as a speaker and see him as a great role model for today's youth – Tammy Ross: The Learning Partnership
(5) "Henry did a great job of inspiring and engaging the kids with his personal story. They were all listening intently to what he had to say, and kept prompting him to divulge more anecdotes about the cultural differences between his home in Nigeria and his new home in Canada. Henry opened up a broader worldview for his young audience, inviting them to see the differences as well as the similarities we all share, no matter where we come from"-Annette Street Library.
Story
Born in a poor little village in Africa to two unwed teenagers, my parents were too young so they couldn't take care of me. I was then adopted my authoritarian grandfather living in this poor little village where we had no electricity, no indoor bumping with little to no hope of a better life despite harboring a dream for a better life and a better future.
When I was about 7 or 8, my grandfather, a farmer who never went to school but is very passionate about education. He decided to send me to a private primary school in the city even though we didn't know where they tuition fee was going to come from. While in private school; I struggled academically because I couldn't read and my grand father tried to teach me but I couldn't get it. I was always standing in front of the classroom and getting punished because I couldn't read. But it got to a point, I got tired of the punishment and the embarrassment. So started staring in the Bible, books and newspapers trying to read them daily even though I couldn't read. I did that enough that God saw my struggle and made it happened. I started reading (it was a shocker to my teacher) It happened like a magic trick that I still can't explain it till this day.
While in the city, life was hard. We went some days with no food and no light since we didn't have any electricity at the home. We couldn't afford even the cheapest candle light to study or see with at night. 6 people slept in one bedroom, with only one bed frame with no mattress but only two mats (one on the floor and one on the bed frame). 6 people shared one towel. The roof of the room sometimes leaks during a heavy rain, which means we sometimes pile ourselves in one corner so that we don't get wet yet we had no water to shower or drink some days, a bit ironic lol. Despite the struggle, I never gave up because I had a dream and a hop for a better future. Besides, my grandfather gave no potions.
I graduated from that school and ended back in the village because my grandfather couldn't afford a school in the city. Fortunately, 4 year later God opened a way and I got admission into a private high school in the city with the help of my father. I graduated high school in 20008. Then got a visa to Canada with the help of my father in 2010. For the first time seeing snow and not knowing what it was. In the same year I got admission into a university where I majored in Economics and graduated in 2014. A week after my graduation I started working for a bank in Toronto. But I was feeling unfulfilled with my banking job; partly because I knew my passion lies somewhere else. My passion lies in speaking to people and impacting them positively with my story and message. I wanted to do for other what my grand father did for me. I wanted to be a global voice of hope, because it been said when there's hope in the future that gives you power in the present. Thus, in the late 2015 I took the bold step to pursue my true passion.
In August of 2016 I published my first book called "Stand Up, Stand Out & Be Confident" ( I am now pursing my dream of empowering people but most especially the youth to interrupt the negative thoughts in their minds and give them the courage to pursue their passion/dream regardless of their circumstances.
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647bcb41-f412-4387-bdba-eab3e82de9a2
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http://passagestocanada.com/story-profile/?story=1924
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Junior Summer Programme News
Are you looking for an English programme for your son or daughter in London this summer? Excel English have the perfect course for you!
The Explore London Experience is a fully inclusive programme for international students aged 12 – 16 years who want to learn English, have fun, make friends and explore London. Our programme includes more excursions than any other junior language programme, and high levels of supervision and student care.
Our location
We teach our students in a modern college building in Barnet, north London, and the majority of our students stay in the local student residence – next to the college building. There are some homestay places available for students aged 15 & 16 years who want to experience life in a British home – all located within 15 minutes of the college facilities.
Learning English
At the Explore London Experience, our goal is to boost the communication skills of our students, many of whom learn English at school but do not have the confidence to use it. Our lessons encourage all students to participate, with fun activities designed specially for young learners.
Exploring London
Our programme of afternoon activities ensures that students visit all of London's famous sights, while supervised by our friendly staff. At the weekends, our day trips will take students to other famous British cities and sights, including the Harry Potter Studio Tour, Oxford and Cambridge, as well as some London sights that deserve a full day trip, such as Greenwich and the Tower of London.
Airport Meeting Service
We also offer an airport meeting and transfer service, to ensure that your child is safe and supervised from the moment they arrive in London until they take their flight home.
When is the Explore London Experience available?
From Sunday 29 June to Saturday 9 August 2014. Students must arrive on Sunday and depart on Saturday and can study for 2, 3 or 4 weeks.
Who is the Explore London Experience for?
The Explore London Experience is designed specially for international students aged 12 – 16 years who want to learn English, make friends, have fun and explore London. We have classes for students from Elementary to Advanced levels of English, but unfortunately we cannot accept Beginners.
What is included in the Explore London Experience?
15 hours per week of English tuition (maximum 15 students per class)
Accommodation and all meals
5 half-day excursions per week
5 evening activities per week
2 full day excursions per week (except arrival and departure dates)
24-hour supervision (residence students) and a commitment to student care
Support from experienced, friendly staff chosen for their expertise in teaching and caring for young students world
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eng
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371d92f9-12e4-4798-a25d-261dfe262e75
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http://www.excelenglish.co.uk/2014/03/junior-summer-programme/
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Abstract
Given its nonthermal property and other advantages, irreversible electroporation (IRE) has quickly translated into clinical applications. An increasing number of clinical cases using IRE have also revealed crucial issues. The uneven distribution of the electric field caused by the heterogeneity of biological tissues has not been completely and effectively… (More)
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eng
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f5c1c62b-37b1-412f-8d97-7795bf8f5bc0
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https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Comparative-Study-of-the-Biological-Responses-to-C-Yao-Zhao/d477c27fae7faad8a908507681715513dc89b2f4
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Introducing Jericho's New Weather Station
By MUHAMMAD ASIF
In 2016, Jericho High School installed its own weather station that updates every two hours. It calculates the wind, temperature, and moisture and converts it into readable form.Â
The weather station has many different abilities to enhance the weather report. It includes a thermometer, a hygrometer which measures relative humidity, and a barometer which calculates atmospheric pressure. A barometer can also help to predict upcoming weather based on the changes it measures in the atmospheric pressure. An anemometer is another crucial part of the weather station because it measures how fast the wind is blowing and includes sensors to measure the wind's direction. Although the weather station can't predict perfectly, it estimates the situation according to the collected data which gives us some ideas to approximate.
"It's good for students to learn how weather works," said Ms. Randone.
This station was initially installed in 2015 but there were some minor issues, so the station was re-installed in 2016. It is connected to AccuWeather to enhance the reports. Located on the rooftop of Jericho High School, the station is run by earth science teachers Mr. Mills and Ms. Randone , who have taught students how to predict the weather. This station is also checked by the IT department once or twice every week.Â
There is an app for the weather station called "WeatherUnderground" and if you refine your search down to Jericho High School, you can connect to the Jericho weather station. Mr. Mills said, "The weather station is automated and students can access the raw data that comes from it and use it for better learning."
Weather has to be local. Even when you see a government report, you are really getting a local weather report. There is nothing more local than having your own weather station because you get the most up-to-date and accurate information possible. The best part is that whenever there is a threat, you will be notified. Many occupations require paying attention to the weather such as photographers, airline officials or pilots.
When asked for his thoughts on the weather station, senior Shiv S. said, "I think having our own weather station is great. It gives us knowledge on weather predictions and patterns." Additionally, senior Irtaza R. thinks the weather station is beneficial because "the app is more accurate than other apps
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eng
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5c41419d-49e8-4517-a12c-a76d5fcaba37
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http://www.jerecho.org/2017/01/19/introducing-jerichos-new-weather-station/
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Trivia
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Trivia
In one scene, Nellie refers to her Aunt Victoria as a "bore," but it's not entirely clear, and you have to listen very carefully to be able to tell that this is what she's saying. If you didn't know any better, you might think she is actually saying a 5-letter word that rhymes with "bore" and describes an immoral woman
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eng
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7fefc2c5-d9ae-4dfc-b557-65c167387672
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http://www.tv.com/shows/little-house-on-the-prairie/the-creeper-of-walnut-grove-63947/trivia/item-2490229
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Slideshow
The Death Camp Magicians
A shocking tale of surviving the notorious Nazi Regime and how magic made a difference in two lives as they journeyed from darkness into light.
By William V. Rauscher in collaboration with Werner Reich
Readers of this book must prepare themselves for a journey to the dark side of human behavior. Through these pages the reader will be transported back to the Nazi world during the years when the Third Reich truly believed their leaders would rule the world. They even chose a new name for this "new world." They called it Germania.
Central to this inside world of unspeakable atrocities are two men who experienced the hell of Concentration camps, and survived to tell others what it was like to be under the evil control of Adolf Hitler and the S.S. Along with millions of others, these two men lived through the utter despair of years in the death camps of Europe under Nazi control.
At that time Herbert Levin, one of these two, was known as The Great Nivelli. Prior to the Nazi control, Levin was a prominent performer in Berlin, and the youngest member of the Berlin Stock Exchange. In an effort to escape, Levin moved to Prague, Czechoslovakia until the Nazi regime once again gained control. He and his family were arrested and sent to Auschwitz. But he survived, and came to the United States to once again perform in this country until his death in 1977. William V. Rauscher saw him perform, became acquainted with him, and periodically corresponded with him and his wife Lotte until Levin's death in 1977.
Werner Reich was a young boy when he entered Auschwitz. He was also a survivor, and while in the camp learned card tricks from Nivelli. Reich was liberated when he was 17 years old - at that time he weighed 60 pounds.
This book is an appeal to the readers' best instincts by showing humanities most base instincts. It portrays the strength of the will to survive in the midst of cruelty that passes all understanding
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57290cef-8343-44fb-9eef-e37063000253
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http://www.magicana.com/news/blog/death-camp-magicians
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The Umayyad Caliphate (Banu Ummayah, arabic – بنو أمية ) is the second caliphate to rule the Islamic civilization after the Rashidun Caliphate, ruling after the prophet of Islam, Muhammad. Named after the great grandfather of first Ummayad caliphate, Umayyah Ibn Abd Shams, the caliphate ruled the Muslim lands from 661-750, extending from Iran up to the modern day Spain.
Development of Islamic Art and Architecture under the Umayyad Caliphate –
During the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate, Islamic art and architecture, whether religious or secular, were developed and improved. New ideas and concepts were put into use. During this period, the 'Arab Plan' of architecture were utilized, that is, the building plan of a hypostyled (pillared) prayer hall. The finest example of this plan being put into use is the La Mezquita in Spain and The Ummayad Mosque in Damascus, completed in 715 by Caliph Al-Walid I.
Author - Jerzy Strzelecki
The interior of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, Syria. The Main Prayer Hall is pillared – a Hypostyle Hall. This is what referred to the Arab Plan, and was emulated by many mosques.
During this time as well, one of the most sacred building in the Islamic world – The Dome of the Rock – in which sits a block of stone believed by the Muslims to be the rock where the Prophet Muhammad stood before ascending the Heaven to meet God, were built. The building, completed in 618, was built in the shape of an octagonal, and features a golden dome.
Photo by en:User:Gilabrand. Dome of the Rock viewed through Bab al-Qattanin
Most innovations and ideas produced during this time were mainly architectural in nature ; great buildings were planned, imagined and realized during this time, although the decorations for embellishing these buildings were inspired by other foreign cultures, meaning the Islamic art is still in its infancy, still in the process of assimilating various cultures and traditions it stumbles upon to make a unique representation of their artistic aesthetics.
Influences –
Early in the Ummayad caliphate, the Islamic empire began to grow from the Hijaz mainland of Mecca and Medina – southwards to the lands of Yemen, The east towards the modern day Iraq and Iran, To the north reaching the Turkish lands and its surroundings and westwards to Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Morocco and the Spanish Andalusia. While the Umayyads were expanding their territories, for sure they came across many cultures and subsequently the arts, for example the Byzantines in Constantinople (modern day Istanbul), The Sassanids in Iran and Iraq, The Copts of Egypt (and the Ancient Egypts who influenced the Coptics), The Berbers of the North African region and the Mediterranean cultures of Rome, Greek and Cyprus.
The Byzantine decorative method of utilizing gold coloured mosaics were adopted by the Umayyad artisans, one fine example of this usage is at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, though the figurative representations were replaced by scenes of gardens, palm trees and cities and buildings, as so to comply with the Hadith (tradition) of the Prophet Muhammad who discouraged, or more likely forbade the representations of human and animal figure, for the fear that the early Muslims would commit to idolatry this way. This Byzantium influences of mosaic is also used in the famed Dome of the Rock. In addition of flowery and vegetal motifs used for the mosaics, it was also used to create epigraphical frieze under the dome of the building, just above the rock inside it.
Comparison of Byzantine and Umayyad mosaic art.Note the use of gold coloured mosaics.On the left – Apostles (detail), Arian Baptistry, Ravenna, Italy, 5th Century. the right – The Dome of the Tresury, Umayyad Mosque, 8th Century.
Influences of Sassanids were also notable by the representations of stylized vegetal and flowery motifs, soon to be known as Arabesques. This art style were used in Architecture as decorative elements of the mosques and other secular buildings, as well as daily items and specialties such as ceramics (which are still unglazed by that time) and Quranic manuscripts, which is still written in Kufic scripture. Figurative represntations were also taken from the Sassanid culture, even though to a smaller scale. Animal and human figures were depicted in items such as vessels and vases, along with various articles of artwork, but never used in religious items, as to comply with the Hadith aforementioned.
Comparison of Sassanid and Umayyad Art. On the left : Candlestick with lion protomes. Cast bronze with engraved and openwork decoration. Khurasan, Iran, 11th–12th century. On the right : Sassanid Ceramic Candleholder, National Museum of Iran. Date not enclosed. Photo of the Sassanid art courtesy of Fabien Dany –
With the expansion of the Islamic empire comes the influences of other cultures and civilizations that will assimilate into the Muslim culture, and the amalgamation, therefore, paved the way for the unique style of Islamic art afterward.
This is a great introduction and overview of Islamic art and architecture of the discussed periods. I am currently studying Islamic Architecture at university and believe this is a great source to start from when beginning to study its origins, influences, and developments. A great starting point and general overview.
Your words are too kind. If you feel that my writing is a veritable beginner's source for studying Islamic Architecture in the different periods, I am most honoured, for I do not hold any university degree or diplomas. I am very glad that you enjoyed my work 🙂
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eng
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69a29124-b970-48f4-b140-c49bcd206985
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https://starsinsymmetry.wordpress.com/2010/02/15/history-islamic-art-during-the-ummayad-caliphate/
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Greenhouse gases
Those gases, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride, that are transparent to solar (short-wave) radiation but opaque to long-wave (infrared) radiation, thus preventing long-wave radiant energy from leaving Earth's atmosphere. The net effect is a trapping of absorbed radiation and a tendency to warm the planet's surface
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eng
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69ec2711-0156-44a6-a826-4e51c18a46e4
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http://www.teachmefinance.com/Scientific_Terms/Greenhouse_gases.html
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