context stringlengths 1 5.66k | question stringlengths 17 664 | id int64 113k 27.9M | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|
Prolonged P wave duration is a marker of delayed inter-atrial conduction which may predict cardiovascular disease (CVD). Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for all atherosclerotic manifestations including stroke. We evaluated the prognostic significance of prolonged P wave duration among middle-aged Finnish type 2 diabet... | Does prolonged P wave duration predict stroke mortality among type 2 diabetic patients with prevalent non-major macrovascular disease? | 25,425,321 | {
"answer_start": [
755
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The present study aimed to investigate the intraplantar (ipl) and central (icv) effects of neuropeptide S (NPS) in the formalin test and to evaluate the role of adenosine receptors, mainly A1 and A2A, in mediating such effects. The ipl injection of formalin was used to assess the nociceptive activity. Moreover, by pret... | Do central adenosine A1 and A2A receptors mediate the antinociceptive effects of neuropeptide S in the mouse formalin test? | 25,447,449 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is frequently associated with peripheral and central complications and has recently emerged as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a unique tryptophan derivative, displays pleiotropic effects including blockade of ionotropic glutamate and α7 nicotinic recep... | Does experimental diabetes mellitus type 1 increase hippocampal content of kynurenic acid in rats? | 25,443,746 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Gastrointestinal dysfunction is one of the major complications of diabetes. The roles of inflammation in diabetes and its associated complications are increasingly recognized. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has been shown to be involved in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. The aims of this stud... | Does blockade of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway ameliorate delayed gastric emptying in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats? | 25,445,962 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Matrix metalloproteinase-11 (MMP-11) is reported to be overexpressed in several cancers and may contribute to tumorigenesis. The current study investigated the association between the clinicopathological characteristics and plasma level of MMP-11 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. The plasma MMP-11 concen... | Is high level of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-11 associated with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma? | 25,423,087 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Interferon Lambda-3 (IFN-λ3) gene polymorphism is associated with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and response to IFN-based therapy (IFN). However, very few data are available about its value in predicting sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with cirrhosis, and whether IFN-λ3 genotype influe... | Is interferon lambda-3 associated with clinical outcome in patients with HCV-induced compensated cirrhosis : a long-term cohort study? | 25,446,338 | {
"answer_start": [
307
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
Excessive anticipatory reactions to potential future adversity are observed across a range of anxiety disorders, but the neurogenetic mechanisms driving interindividual differences are largely unknown. We aimed to discover and validate a gene-brain-behavior pathway by linking presumed genetic risk for anxiety-related p... | Does dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex mediate the Impact of Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region Genotype on Anticipatory Threat Reactions? | 25,444,169 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To compare the efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, and conventional radiotherapy for cervical cancer treatment. Whole pelvis intensity-modulated radiotherapy, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, and conventional radiotherapy plans were designed for 16 patients w... | Does intensity-modulated whole pelvic radiotherapy provide effective dosimetric outcomes for cervical cancer treatment with lower toxicities? | 25,451,672 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Patients infected with influenza A(H7N9) virus present with acute lung injury (ALI) that is due to severe pneumonia and systemic inflammation. It is often fatal because there are few effective treatment options. Complement activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of virus-induced lung injury; therefore, we in... | Does treatment with anti-C5a antibody improve the outcome of H7N9 virus infection in African green monkeys? | 25,433,014 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Vaccines are very important to reduce morbidity and mortality by preventable infectious diseases, especially during childhood. Optimal coverage is not always achieved, for several reasons. Here we assessed vaccine coverage for the first 12 months of age in children between 12 and 59 months old, residing in the urban ar... | Are socioeconomic inequalities still a barrier to full child vaccine coverage in the Brazilian Amazon : a cross-sectional study in Assis Brasil , Acre , Brazil? | 25,428,334 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Mental fatigue can negatively impact on submaximal endurance exercise and has been attributed to changes in perceived exertion rather than changes in physiological variables. The impact of mental fatigue on maximal anaerobic performance is, however, unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to induce a state... | Does mental fatigue affect maximal anaerobic exercise performance? | 25,425,259 | {
"answer_start": [
948
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
The tumor suppressor p53 is known to be inactivated frequently in various cancers. In addition, germline polymorphisms in TP53 are known to affect protein function and influence risk of developing different types of cancers. In this study, we analyzed the association of TP53 Pro72Arg polymorphism with squamous cell car... | Is tP53 Pro72 allele enriched in oral tongue cancer and frequently mutated in esophageal cancer in India? | 25,436,609 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
α-Enolase is a glycolytic enzyme with "second jobs" beyond its catalytic activity. However, its possible contribution to cardiac dysfunction remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the role of α-enolase in doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiomyopathy as well as the underlying mechanisms. The expres... | Does α-Enolase play a catalytically independent role in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction? | 25,446,184 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Most burns happen in low- and middle-income countries. In India, deaths related to burns are more common in women than in men and occur against a complex background in which the cause - accidental or non-accidental, suicidal or homicidal - is often unclear. Our study aimed to understand the antecedents to burns and the... | Do a qualitative study of the background and in-hospital medicolegal response to female burn injuries in India? | 25,433,681 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The purpose of the study was to determine whether racial differences exist in the pattern of local disease progression among men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer (PCa), which is currently unknown. In this study we evaluated the pattern of adverse pathologic features in an identical ... | Is african-american race a predictor of seminal vesicle invasion after radical prostatectomy? | 25,450,037 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Recently, a considerable amount of evidence suggested that anxiety, depression and other psychosocial variables might influence the outcomes of cardiac surgery. This study investigated the relationship between length of stay at the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital after surgery and different psychosocial variable... | Is self-rated health associated with the length of stay at the intensive care unit and hospital following cardiac surgery? | 25,432,074 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Sublethal doses of photon irradiation (IR) are suspected to increase tumor cell migration and support locoregional recurrence of disease, which has already been shown in other cell lines. This manuscript describes the effect of photon and carbon-ion IR on WHO class I meningioma cell migration and provides an approach t... | Is integrin-based meningioma cell migration promoted by photon but not by carbon-ion irradiation? | 25,445,155 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Early-life stress and a genetic predisposition to display an anxiety- and depressive-like phenotype are associated with behavioral and gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. Animals exposed to early-life stress, and those genetically predisposed to display anxiety or depressive behaviors, have proven useful tools in which ... | Does early-life stress selectively affect gastrointestinal but not behavioral responses in a genetic model of brain-gut axis dysfunction? | 25,443,141 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Some studies done in Asian patients have shown that serum levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA predict the development of cirrhosis. However, it is unclear whether this also applies for non-Asian patients. This study investigated historic and current HBV DNA and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels ... | Are historic and current hepatitis B viral DNA and quantitative HBsAg level associated with cirrhosis in non-Asian women with chronic hepatitis B? | 25,449,247 | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
The members of the patatin-related phospholipase subfamily III (pPLAIIIs) have been implicated in the auxin response. However, it is not clear whether and how these genes affect plant and cell morphogenesis. Here, we studied the roles of the patatin-related phospholipase pPLAIIIδ in auxin-responsive cell morphology and... | Does patatin-related phospholipase pPLAIIIδ influence auxin-responsive cell morphology and organ size in Arabidopsis and Brassica napus? | 25,428,555 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To examine the accuracy of HistoScanning (HS) in detecting seminal vesicle (SV) invasion (SVI) within prostate cancer (PCa) patients. We relied on our prospective institutional database. Patients who received HS before radical prostatectomy were included in the study cohort. An experienced HS examiner retrospectively r... | Does histoscanning have low sensitivity and specificity for seminal vesicle invasion? | 25,443,925 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To investigate the effect of the percentage of free prostate-specific antigen (%fPSA) on future prostate cancer risk. We examined serum total PSA (tPSA) and %fPSA annually in a prostate cancer-screening cohort between July 2001 and June 2011. Men with tPSA >4.0 ng/mL or tPSA of 2.0-4.0 ng/mL with %fPSA ≤12% were screen... | Is low percentage of free prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) a strong predictor of later detection of prostate cancer among Japanese men with serum levels of total PSA of 4.0 ng/mL or less? | 25,443,923 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Right ventricular pacing (RVP) has been associated with heart failure and increased mortality. His-bundle pacing (HBP) is more physiological but requires a mapping catheter or a backup right ventricular lead and is technically challenging. We sought to assess the feasibility, safety, and clinical outcomes of permanent ... | Is permanent His-bundle pacing feasible , safe , and superior to right ventricular pacing in routine clinical practice? | 25,446,158 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation is contraindicated in those with <1-year life expectancy. The aim of this study was to develop a risk prediction score for 1-year mortality in patients with primary prevention ICDs and to determine the incremental improvement in discrimination when serum-based b... | Are clinical and serum-based markers associated with death within 1 year of de novo implant in primary prevention ICD recipients? | 25,446,153 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a subset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the most common chronic liver disease in the U.S. Fibrosis, a common feature of NASH, results from the dysregulation of fibrogenesis in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In this study, we investigated whether astaxanthin (ASTX), a xanth... | Does astaxanthin prevent TGFβ1-induced pro-fibrogenic gene expression by inhibiting Smad3 activation in hepatic stellate cells? | 25,450,180 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in CTCL patients and whether supplementation corrects vitamin D deficiency or treatment outcome. Three hundred eleven CTCL patients including 27/311 (8.7%) with Sézary syndrome (SS), 169 cancer controls, and 69 normal controls from the M.... | Is vitamin D deficiency in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome patients similar to other cancer patients? | 25,442,486 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Migraine is a common comorbidity among individuals with bipolar disorder, but the underlying mechanisms for this co-occurrence are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic background of bipolar patients with and without migraine. We performed a genome-wide association analysis contrasting... | Does genome wide association study identify variants in NBEA associated with migraine in bipolar disorder? | 25,451,450 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). To determine the relationship between resolution of NASH and dyslipidemia. Individuals in the Pioglitazone vs. Vitamin E vs. Placebo for the Treatment of Nondiabetic Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (PIVENS) ... | Is nASH resolution associated with improvements in HDL and triglyceride levels but not improvement in LDL or non-HDL-C levels? | 25,429,853 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell-to-cell adhesion glycoproteins playing a critical role in the formation and maintenance of normal tissue architecture. In normal mammary gland, E-cadherin is expressed by luminal epithelial cells, while P-cadherin is restricted to myoepithelial cells. Changes in the expression of cl... | Is aberrant P-cadherin expression associated to aggressive feline mammary carcinomas? | 25,424,750 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The fruits of Vitex rotundifolia L. are widely used to treat inflammation of the airway in Traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies found that casticin, isolated from Vitex rotundifolia, could induce apoptosis of tumor cells. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of casticin and its underlying... | Does casticin inhibit COX-2 and iNOS expression via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages? | 25,446,583 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis, is a major commercial source of natural rubber. Increasing the rubber yield of rubber trees is a very serious problem since the demands for high quality rubber materials are great. Establishment of a tapping system is based on an estimate of tapping intensity from the rubber tree. L... | Do transcriptome sequencing and comparative analysis reveal long-term flowing mechanisms in Hevea brasiliensis latex? | 25,431,836 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Growing evidence shows cannabidiol (CBD) modulates some of the effects of Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). CBD is a constituent of some strains of recreational cannabis but its content is highly variable. High CBD strains may have less memory-impairing effects than low-CBD strains and CBD can reverse behavioural effec... | Does cannabidiol fail to reverse hypothermia or locomotor suppression induced by Δ ( 9 ) -tetrahydrocannabinol in Sprague-Dawley rats? | 25,425,111 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The effective mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) functions as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still obscure. Here, we investigated the function and expression of miR-1228 in HCC. The role of miR-1228 in HCC was determined by colony formation, transwell, and nude mice xenograft ... | Does miR-1228 promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells through a p53 forward feedback loop? | 25,422,913 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite the advances in therapy over the years, its mortality remains high. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteases 1 (SENP1) in NSCLC tissues and its role in the regulation of v... | Does over-expression of small ubiquitin-like modifier proteases 1 predict chemo-sensitivity and poor survival in non-small cell lung cancer? | 25,430,449 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
We previously demonstrated that 6-benzylthioinosine (6-BT) could induce the differentiation of a subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and primary AML cells regardless of their cytogenetics. In this study we investigated whether Wnt signaling pathways played roles in 6-BT-induced differentiation of AML cell... | Is wnt signaling involved in 6-benzylthioinosine-induced AML cell differentiation? | 25,428,027 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the active ingredients isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Previous studies demonstrated that Rg3 has antioxidant and neuroprotective abilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Rg3 on erectile function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Two-mo... | Does ginsenoside Rg3 improve erectile function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats? | 25,442,300 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Some cases with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can ultimately progress to liver cirrhosis. However, studies to clarify factors predictive of histological change in patients with NASH remain scarce. Our aim is to determine predictors of histological progress... | Does serum alanine aminotransferase predict the histological course of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Japanese patients? | 25,429,984 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Notch signaling plays an acknowledged role in bile-duct development, but its involvement in cholangiocyte-fate determination remains incompletely understood. We investigated the effects of early Notch2 deletion in Notch2(fl/fl)/Alfp-Cre(tg/-) ("Notch2-cKO") and Notch2(fl/fl)/Alfp-Cre(-/-) ("control") mice. Fetal and ne... | Does hepatic Notch2 deficiency lead to bile duct agenesis perinatally and secondary bile duct formation after weaning? | 25,446,530 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
By binding to T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) on activated Th1 cells, galectin-9 (Gal-9) negatively regulates Th1-type alloimmunity. Although T cells contribute to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), it is unknown whether negative T cell-dependent TIM-3 co-stimulation may rescue IR-stressed orthotopic live... | Does recipient T cell TIM-3 and hepatocyte galectin-9 signalling protect mouse liver transplants against ischemia-reperfusion injury? | 25,450,716 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Preoperative suspicion of malignancy in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs) is mostly based on tumour size. We retrospectively reviewed the contrast enhancement pattern (CEP) of a series of pNETs on multiphasic multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), to identify further imaging features predictive of lesion agg... | Does contrast enhancement pattern on multidetector CT predict malignancy in pancreatic endocrine tumours? | 25,447,971 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Ketamine is a widely used anesthetic in obstetric and pediatric anesthesia. In the developing brain, the widespread neuron apoptosis triggered by ketamine has been demonstrated. However, little is known about its effect on neural stem cells (NSCs) function. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ketamine on prol... | Does ketamine inhibit proliferation of neural stem cell from neonatal rat hippocampus in vitro? | 25,427,956 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an economically important grain crop. Two-dimensional gel-based approaches are limited by the low identification rate of proteins and lack of accurate protein quantitation. The recently developed isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method allows sensitive and accu... | Does iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome and phosphoprotein characterization reveal the central metabolism changes involved in wheat grain development? | 25,427,527 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Low vitamin D status (serum 25(OH)D concentration) is associated with increased incidence and unfavourable outcome of various types of cancer. However, there are limited data on influence of serum 25(OH)D on risk and prognosis of malignant melanoma. Basal serum 25(OH)D concentrations were retrospectively analyzed in a ... | Are low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations associated with increased risk for melanoma and unfavourable prognosis? | 25,437,008 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Rural primary health centers frequently treat patients with tick bites. This study compares everyday clinical practice at our primary healthcare center to practices recommended by current scientific evidence. To describe the everyday management of tick bites by different healthcare professionals and to compare this man... | Does [ Descriptive study of healthcare professionals ' management of tick bite ]? | 25,428,423 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Cardiac troponin is widely accepted as a biomarker of myocyte injury in patients with myocardial ischemia. Patients with congestive heart failure are also associated with elevated cardiac troponin and it is a very sensitive prognostic marker. However, the mechanisms of troponin elevation in patients with heart failure ... | Do left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and ejection fraction correlate independently with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-T concentrations in stable heart failure? | 25,443,176 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The goals of this study were to evaluate the complication rate for intraoperative placement of a long-term central venous catheter (CVC) using intraoperative ultrasound (US) and fluoroscopy and to examine the feasibility for eliminating routine postprocedure chest X-ray. Retrospective data pertaining to operative inser... | Does image-guided placement of long-term central venous catheters reduce complications and cost? | 25,440,481 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Exosomes are 30-100 nm membrane vesicles of endocytic origin, mediating diverse biological functions including tumor cell invasion, cell-cell communication and antigen presentation through transfer of proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs can be released through ceramide-dependent secre... | Does exosome-mediated transfer of miR-10b promote cell invasion in breast cancer? | 25,428,807 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To investigate clinical outcomes of coronary intervention using a biolimus-eluting stent (BES) compared with a sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Limus Eluted from A Durable versus ERodable Stent (LEADERS) coating trial at the final 5-year follow-up. The LEADERS tria... | Does biolimus-eluting stent with biodegradable polymer improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction? | 25,423,953 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
We have reported that triptolide can inhibit airway remodeling in a murine model of asthma via TGF-β1/Smad signaling. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of triptolide on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) proliferation and the possible mechanism. Rat airway smooth muscle cells were cultured and ma... | Does triptolide inhibit TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation in rat airway smooth muscle cells by suppressing Smad signaling? | 25,447,441 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
What are typical values of physical function for women diagnosed with breast cancer and how do these compare to normative data? Systematic review with meta-analysis. Women diagnosed with breast cancer who were before, during or after treatment. Physical function was divided into three categories: aerobic capacity, uppe... | Are aerobic capacity and upper limb strength reduced in women diagnosed with breast cancer : a systematic review? | 25,443,649 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To compare rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) among women who did and did not receive an intrauterine device (IUD) the day they sought emergency contraception (EC) or pregnancy testing. Women, 15 to 45 years of age, who sought EC or pregnancy testing from an urban family planning clinic completed surveys at the... | Is same-day intrauterine device placement rarely complicated by pelvic infection? | 25,445,666 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized as a disease continuum that is marked by metabolic changes that are present for several years, sometimes well before frank diagnosis of T2DM. Genetic predisposition, ethnicity, geography, alterations in BMI, and lipid profile are considered important markers for the path... | Do obese first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes with elevated triglyceride levels exhibit increased β-cell function? | 25,423,015 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) as important human pathogens are causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. Burn patients are at a higher risk of local and systemic infections with these microorganisms. A screening method for MRSA by... | Do identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) strains isolated from burn patients by multiplex PCR? | 25,441,547 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) binds to Dishevelled (Dvl) and functions as a modulator of Dvl nuclear localization in Xenopus embryos. However, the relationship between IQGAP1 and Dvl in tumor tissues is unclear. We used immunohistochemistry to assess the expressions of IQGAP1 and Dvl in a cohort of 111... | Is coexpression of IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 ( IQGAP1 ) and Dishevelled ( Dvl ) correlated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer? | 25,436,461 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
In Cameroon, most women use traditional medicine for the treatment of pregnancy and childbirth complaints. In order to identify some of the medicinal plants locally used to alleviate these complaints, an ethnobotanical survey was undertaken in five villages of Menoua Division (West-Cameroon). Interviews were conducted ... | Do ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used for pregnant women׳s health conditions in Menoua division-West Cameroon? | 25,449,451 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Shexiang Tongxin dropping pill (STDP) is a formulation of Traditional Chinese Medicine mainly used for clinical treatment of stable angina pectoris in China. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of STDP treatment on atherosclerosis. ApoE deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice were utilized to evaluate the effect of STDP treat... | Does shexiang Tongxin dropping pill attenuate atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE deficient mouse model? | 25,449,459 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
α-Actinins are myofibril anchor proteins that influence the contractile properties of skeletal muscles. ACTN2 is expressed in slow type I and fast type II fibers, whereas ACTN3 is expressed only in fast fibers. ACTN3 homozygosity for the 577X stop codon (ie, changing 577RR to 577XX, the R577X polymorphism) results in t... | Do aCTN3 R577X genotypes associate with Class II and deepbite malocclusions? | 25,439,211 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
We sought to determine whether outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vary according to CTO target vessel: left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA). We evaluated the clinical and angiographic characteristics and proc... | Is percutaneous intervention of circumflex chronic total occlusions associated with worse procedural outcomes : insights from a Multicentre US Registry? | 25,442,459 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To determine the effects of supplemental fiber on plasma p-cresol, stool frequency, and quality of life (QoL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. In a 12-week single-blind study, participants were provided with control muffins and supplements (5.5 g sucrose/day) for 2 weeks, muffins containing 10 g/day pea hull f... | Does fiber supplementation lower plasma p-cresol in chronic kidney disease patients? | 25,446,837 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Our goal was to analyze the association of the level of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) with stroke severity and outcome in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Observational study included consecutive patients with ischemic stroke younger than 55 years (2007-2012). We analyzed serum levels of aPLs, includ... | Do antiphospholipid antibodies correlate with stroke severity and outcome in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome? | 25,434,364 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Young people in Tanzania are known to access reproductive health services from a range of close-to-community providers outside formal health settings such as drug stores, village AIDS committees, traditional healers and traditional birth attendants (TBAs). However, questions remain about the quality of services such ag... | Are `` There bugs in condoms '' : Tanzanian close-to-community providers ' ability to offer effective adolescent reproductive health services? | 25,432,866 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To investigate how affects electrical-conduction function following myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Thirty SD rats of either sex (220-250 g) were anesthetized using chlorine hydrate and were randomly divided into three groups: control group, MI group and transplantation group. The field potential (FP) morphology an... | Does engineered heart tissue transplantation alter electrical-conduction function in rats with myocardial infarction? | 25,445,439 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Protein kinase D (PKD or PKD1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has been shown to play a role in a variety of cellular processes; however, the function of PKD1 in the skin has not been fully investigated. The balance between proliferation and differentiation processes in the predominant cells of the epidermis,... | Does protein kinase D1 deficiency promote differentiation in epidermal keratinocytes? | 25,450,094 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Cancer stem cells (CSC) was reported to play an important role in various kinds of cancer. CD133 is one of the cancer stem cell markers in solid cancers. However, the correlation between CD133 expression and the clinicopathological factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Forty patients with CRC who underwen... | Is cD133 expression correlated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer? | 25,436,343 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Mice with functional ablation of the neurokinin-1 receptor gene (NK1R(-/-)) display behavioural abnormalities which resemble the hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity seen in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here, we investigated whether the established ADHD treatment, atomoxetine, alleviates these... | Does atomoxetine reduce hyperactive/impulsive behaviours in neurokinin-1 receptor 'knockout ' mice? | 25,450,119 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Irinotecan (CPT-11), a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent, can cause severe neutropenia and diarrhea. The area under the curve of plasma levels over time of SN-38, an active metabolite of CPT-11, was previously reported to correlate with the pre-treatment serum total bilirubin level (PTB). However, there are no es... | Do pre-treatment serum total bilirubin level as an indicator of optimal CPT-11 dosage? | 25,432,775 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play key roles in the development of the disease. However, the therapeutic target of NASH has not been fully defined and new treatments are needed. We investig... | Does the indole derivative NecroX-7 improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in ob/ob mice through suppression of mitochondrial ROS/RNS and inflammation? | 25,443,620 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The dynamics of intestinal stem cells are crucial for regulation of intestinal function and maintenance. Although crypt stem cells have been identified in the intestine by genetic marking methods, identification of plural crypt stem cells has not yet been achieved as they are visualised in the same colour. Intestinal o... | Does fluorescent labelling of intestinal epithelial cells reveal independent long-lived intestinal stem cells in a crypt? | 25,451,268 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
There are two opposing possibilities for the main pathogenesis of trauma-induced coagulopathy: an acute coagulopathy of trauma shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation with the fibrinolytic phenotype. The objective of this study was to clarify the main pathogenesis of trauma-induced coagulopathy using a rat mod... | Does noble-Collip Drum Trauma induce Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation But Not Acute Coagulopathy of Trauma-Shock? | 25,423,126 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Aminoguanidine (AG), a well known inhibitor of advanced glycation end products, has been reported to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism by which AG exerts its anti-fibrotic activity is not well understood. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are ... | Does aminoguanidine inhibit ventricular fibrosis and remodeling process in isoproterenol-induced hypertrophied rat hearts by suppressing ROS and MMPs? | 25,445,437 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
With the advent of laparoscopic surgery, more choledochal cysts are excised laparoscopically. In this study, we compared the outcomes from laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) and hepaticoduodenostomy (HD) for biliary-enteric reconstruction. A retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone laparoscopic choledoch... | Is biliary-enteric reconstruction with hepaticoduodenostomy following laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst associated with better postoperative outcomes : a single-centre experience? | 25,433,691 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
It has been proposed that nutritional therapy in critically ill patients after major burn reduces mortality. However, the actual practice of nutrient delivery, and the effect on outcome, has not been described. To evaluate international practices related to nutritional support and outcomes in mechanically ventilated pa... | Do international observational study of nutritional support in mechanically ventilated patients following burn injury? | 25,445,003 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Oxidative stress plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiopathogenesis. There were several studies that showed impaired antioxidant defense system (ADS) enzymes expression or activity in AD patients. There are only few studies evaluating the importance of ADS gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) a... | Is rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene associated with risk of Alzheimer 's disease? | 25,440,013 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 (SMC-4) is a chromosomal ATPase which plays an important role in regulate chromosome assembly and segregation. However, the role of SMC-4 in the incidence of malignancies, especially colorectal cancer is still poorly understood. We here used quantitative PCR and Western blot anal... | Is structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 a predictor of survival and a novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer? | 25,422,241 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Nestin is a type VI intermediate filament protein known as a marker for progenitor cells that can be mostly found in tissues during the embryonic and fetal periods. In our study, we aimed to determine the expression of nestin in meninges covering the brain tissue at different developmental stages and in the new born. I... | Is intermediate filament protein nestin expressed in developing meninges? | 25,428,542 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To compare the safety and efficacy of patients undergoing dorsal penile plication with patients undergoing ventral and lateral plication. A retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent penile plication between 2007 and 2013. Plication was performed through a 2-cm longitudinal incision in the proxima... | Is dorsal plication without degloving safe and effective for correcting ventral penile deformities? | 25,443,939 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The objective of the study was to evaluate work disability and its main associated factors in patients with early arthritis. Argentine Consortium for Early Arthritis (CONAART) is the first early arthritis cohort in Argentina. Patients with one or more swollen joints and less than 2 years of symptoms duration were follo... | Is work disability related to the presence of arthritis and not to a specific diagnosis . Results from a large early arthritis cohort in Argentina? | 25,425,494 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Central giant cell lesion (CGCL) and giant cell tumour (GCT) are bone lesions that share similar microscopic features. Recently, it was reported that 90% of bone GCT exhibit either p.Gly34 Trp or p.Gly34 Leu in H3F3A, one of two genes for histone H3.3 located on chromosome 1. We aimed to test whether sporadic CGCL of t... | Is the highly prevalent H3F3A mutation in giant cell tumours of bone shared by sporadic central giant cell lesion of the jaws? | 25,442,495 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized as the incomplete resolution of emboli after pulmonary embolism (PE) and the subsequent fibrotic organization and remodeling of pulmonary vascular bed. It has been reported that abnormal fibrin probably contributes to the incomplete resolution of em... | Is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension associated with iron overload? | 25,449,047 | {
"answer_start": [
251
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
The mechanisms and immune pathways associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are not fully understood. Immunological changes during acute exacerbation of CRS may provide valuable clues to the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the disease. To characterize local and systemic immune responses associated with acute worse... | Does immunological profiling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps reveal distinct VEGF and GM-CSF signatures during symptomatic exacerbations? | 25,429,844 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Little is known about endothelial function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, and we evaluated endothelial dysfunction, using reactive hyperaemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT). This prospective, observational, 1-year study focused on 73 adolescents with type 1 diabetes, using multiple daily injections or con... | Do adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes display a high prevalence of endothelial dysfunction? | 25,424,745 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Induction of delayed hypersensitivity reactions by red tattoos has been occasionally reported. Little is known about the inks used. Azo pigments have been implicated in some instances, but there is only one reported case involving quinacridones. To describe the clinical and pathological features and outcome of skin rea... | Do azo pigments and quinacridones induce delayed hypersensitivity in red tattoos? | 25,441,375 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The current American Joint Committee on Cancer Seventh Edition (AJCC7) pathologic staging for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is derived from data assessing the outcomes of patients having undergone esophagectomy without neoadjuvant treatment and has unclear significance in patients who have received multimodality ther... | Is neoadjuvant treatment response in negative nodes an important prognosticator after esophagectomy? | 25,442,991 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) possesses antiinflammatory effects. Given that calcification occurs in adult valves, we hypothesized that AVICs from adult valves more likely unde... | Do adult aortic valve interstitial cells have greater responses to toll-like receptor 4 stimulation? | 25,442,996 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
In flowering plants, fertilization relies on the delivery of the sperm cells carried by the pollen tube to the ovule. During the tip growth of the pollen tube, proper assembly of the cell wall polymers is required to maintain the mechanical properties of the cell wall. Xyloglucan (XyG) is a cell wall polymer known for ... | Do pollen tube cell walls of wild and domesticated tomatoes contain arabinosylated and fucosylated xyloglucan? | 25,434,027 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Before guidelines were issued, many patients with hepatitis B flare and hepatic decompensation had discontinued lamivudine therapy instead of indefinite therapy. We investigated their outcomes. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 263 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B (94 with cirrhosis) who recover... | Do clinical events after cessation of lamivudine therapy in patients recovered from hepatitis B flare with hepatic decompensation? | 25,445,774 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
This study aims to characterize the function of downregulated MicroRNA miR-205 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and show how the downstream zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is negatively regulated by miR-205. The expression of miR-205 was detected in RCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues using real-time polymeras... | Is miRNA-205 a candidate tumor suppressor that targets ZEB2 in renal cell carcinoma? | 25,427,583 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The aim of the present study was to explore the association of the functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3746804 in C20orf54 with the susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). SNP rs3746804 in C20orf54 was detected by direct sequencing in 434 ESCC patients and 554 healthy controls from Sh... | Does the functional SNP rs3746804 in C20orf54 modify susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma? | 25,427,582 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Previous reports revealed the potential value of the soluble CD30 level (sCD30) as biomarker for the risk of acute rejection and graft failure after renal transplantation, here we examined its use for the prediction of safe tapering of calcineurin inhibitors as well as late acute rejection. In a cohort of renal transpl... | Does soluble CD30 predict late acute rejection or safe tapering of immunosuppression in renal transplantation? | 25,446,808 | {
"answer_start": [
354
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
Anemia of chronic disease, a cytokine-mediated anemia, is a frequent complication of many chronic inflammatory conditions. The present case-control study was aimed to evaluate levels of systemic hematological markers indicative of anemia in patients with generalized, severe, chronic periodontitis. A convenience quota s... | Is generalized , severe , chronic periodontitis associated with anemia of chronic disease : a pilot study in urban , Indian males? | 25,427,271 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Increased C-reactive protein levels have been found in all active inflammations, including periodontitis. This study aims to assess the C-reactive protein levels in periodontal disease progression. Forty-five patients were divided into the following three groups (n=15) based on gingival index, probing pocket depth, and... | Does progressive periodontal disease have a simultaneous incremental elevation of gingival crevicular fluid and serum CRP levels? | 25,427,270 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Besides chronic stress, chronic pain is a prevalent determinant for depression. Changes induced in specific brain regions by sustained pain may alter the processing of affective information, thus resulting in anxiodepressive disorders. Here, we compared the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the posterior ... | Is the anterior cingulate cortex a critical hub for pain-induced depression? | 25,433,903 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, regulates glucose metabolism by inducing insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon secretion. The aim of the study is to assess the levels of fasting and post-prandial GLP-1 and their risk for T2DM. A case control study was conducted at the diabetes clinic Sanglah ... | Is the low level of glucagon-like peptide-1 ( glp-1 ) a risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus? | 25,427,660 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of an extract from Shinzami, a variety of purple sweet potato, in rats injured by hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R). Pretreatment with Shinzami extract decreased the aspirate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase serum levels in our hepatic I/... | Does shinzami Korean purple-fleshed sweet potato extract prevent ischaemia-reperfusion-induced liver damage in rats? | 25,428,031 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
Depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy patients. The lack of success with current pharmacological interventions for this patient population, highlights the importance of optimizing non-pharmacological neuromodulatory treatments such as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Studies on the antidepress... | Does vagus nerve stimulation have antidepressant effects in the kainic acid model for temporal lobe epilepsy? | 25,444,592 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To determine the frequency and clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in patients with potentially curable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are eligible for definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Between January 2001 and December 2010, we analyzed the EGFR mutational sta... | Is epidermal growth factor receptor mutation associated with longer local control after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage III nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer? | 25,442,336 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
ST22-IV is a successful hospital-associated MRSA clone. Due to its known ability to replace other MRSA clones in hospitals, it became a dominant clone in Europe and beyond. So far, there are no studies investigating the relationship between the epidemiological success of MRSA clones and their capacity to withstand comm... | Is epidemic MRSA clone ST22-IV more resistant to multiple host- and environment-related stresses compared with ST228-I? | 25,428,923 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
The aim of this study was to describe clinical and virological outcomes in therapy-naive HIV-1-positive patients treated in a routine ART programme in rural Cameroon. In a prospective cohort, 300 consecutive patients starting first-line ART were enrolled and followed for 12 months. Among 238 patients with available vir... | Is virological failure after 1 year of first-line ART associated with HIV minority drug resistance in rural Cameroon? | 25,428,920 | {
"answer_start": [
473
],
"text": [
"no"
]
} |
Previous reports have indicated an association between blood transfusion and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. However, clinicopathological biases were not adjusted in these studies. We aimed to clarify the effect of blood transfusions in patients with HCC and Child-Pugh class A after hepat... | Is blood transfusion associated with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy in Child-Pugh class A patients? | 25,446,481 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
To evaluate the superiority of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) before, during and after peripheral transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in comparison with ankle brachial index (ABI) in patients with diabetes. 40 consecutive patients with diabetes treated by PTA where included. This study shows results before, during a... | Does transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements following peripheral transluminal angioplasty procedure have more specificity and sensitivity than ankle brachial index? | 25,431,933 | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"yes"
]
} |
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