Subset (2)

all_codes · 1.84M rows

Split (1)

train · 1.84M rows

Subsets and Splits

Unemployment Word Count by State

Calculates the total word count of documents related to unemployment in each state, revealing insights into the volume of unemployment-related content by location.

CO Title 8 Word Count

Calculates the total number of words in the content of entries related to 'Title 8' in Colorado, providing insight into the volume of text data available for that specific category and state.

url stringlengths 42 388	state stringclasses 50 values	path stringlengths 83 10.4k	title stringlengths 34 2.24k	content stringlengths 0 2.39M
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/2/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 2 - Ignorance of law	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 2 - Ignorance of law	Ignorance of the law does not excuse from compliance therewith. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 2.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/3/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 3 - Retroactive effect	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 3 - Retroactive effect	Laws shall not have a retroactive effect unless they expressly so decree. In no case shall the retroactive effect of a law operate to the prejudice of rights acquired under previous legislative action. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 3.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/4/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 4 - Acts contrary to law; renunciation of legal right	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 4 - Acts contrary to law; renunciation of legal right	Acts executed contrary to the provisions of law are void except when the law preserves their validity. Rights granted by the laws may be renounced, provided such renunciation be not contrary to law, to public interest or public order, or prejudicial to the interest of a third person. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 4.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/5/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 5 - Repeal of laws	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 5 - Repeal of laws	Laws shall only be repealed by means of subsequent laws; and disuse, custom or practice to the contrary shall not impede their enforcement. Laws may be repealed either entirely or in part by other laws. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 5.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/6/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 6 - Express or implied repeal; repeal of repealing act	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 6 - Express or implied repeal; repeal of repealing act	The repeal is either express or implied. It is express when it is literally declared by a subsequent law; it is implied, when the new law contains provision either contrary to or irreconcilable with those of the former law. The repeal of a repealing act does not revive the act repealed. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 6.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/7/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 7 - Refusal of court to render decision; application of equity in absence of statute	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 7 - Refusal of court to render decision; application of equity in absence of statute	Any court which shall refuse to render a decision on the pretext of silence, obscurity or unintelligibility of the laws, or for any other reason, shall be held liable therefor. When there is no statute applicable to the case at issue, the court shall decide in accordance with equity, which means that natural justice, as embodied in the general principles of jurisprudence and in accepted and established usages and customs, shall be taken into consideration. —Civil Code, 1930, § 7. History
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/8/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 8 - Months, days, and nights defined	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 8 - Months, days, and nights defined	If in the laws, months, days, or nights are referred to, it shall be understood that the months consist of thirty days, the days of twenty-four hours, and the nights from the setting to the rising of the sun. If the months are referred to by name, they shall be computed by the number of days which they respectively contain. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 8.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/9/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 9 - Law governing—Family rights and status of persons	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 9 - Law governing—Family rights and status of persons	The laws relating to family rights and obligations, or to the status, condition and legal capacity of persons, shall be binding upon the citizens of Puerto Rico, although they reside in a foreign country. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 9.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/10/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 10 - Law governing—Personal and real property	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 10 - Law governing—Personal and real property	Personal property is subject to the laws of the nation of the owner thereof; real property to the laws of the country in which it is situated. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 10.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/11/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 11 - Law Governing—Contracts, wills, and other public instruments	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 11 - Law Governing—Contracts, wills, and other public instruments	The forms and solemnities of contracts, wills and other public instruments are governed by the laws of the country in which they are executed. When such acts are authorized by diplomatic or consular officials of the United States abroad, the formalities established for their execution by the laws of the United States shall be observed. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 11.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/12/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 12 - Deficiencies in special laws	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 12 - Deficiencies in special laws	In matters which are the subject of special laws, any deficiency in such laws shall be supplied by the provisions of this title. —Civil Code, 1930, § 12. History
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/13/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 13 - Discrepancy between spanish and english texts	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 13 - Discrepancy between spanish and english texts	In case of discrepancy between the English and Spanish texts of a statute passed by the Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico, the text in which the same originated in either house, shall prevail in the construction of said statute, except in the following cases: (a) If the statute is a translation or adaptation of a statute of the United States or of any State or Territory thereof, the English text shall be given preference over the Spanish. (b) If the statute is of Spanish origin, the Spanish text shall be preferred to the English. (c) If the matter of preference cannot be decided under the foregoing rules, the Spanish text shall prevail. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 13.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/14/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 14 - Letter of law observed if free from ambiguity	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 14 - Letter of law observed if free from ambiguity	When a law is clear and free from all ambiguity, the letter of the same shall not be disregarded, under the pretext of fulfilling the spirit thereof. —Civil Code, 1930, § 14. History
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/15/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 15 - General and popular use of words	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 15 - General and popular use of words	The words of a law shall generally be understood in their most usual signification, taking into consideration, not so much the exact grammatical rules governing the same, as their general and popular use. Nothing in the Teachers’ Retirement Act shows an intention to give to the word “widow” a meaning different from the usual one; since usually the word “widow” does not include her, a mistress does not have a right to the benefits provided for the widow of a retired teacher. 1958 Op. Sec. Jus. No. 69. —Civil Code, 1930, § 15. History
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/16/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 16 - Technical terms and phrases	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 16 - Technical terms and phrases	Technical terms and phrases used in the arts and sciences shall be interpreted according to their received meaning and acceptation with the experts and authorities in the science, art or profession to which they refer. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 16.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/17/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 17 - Dubious words	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 17 - Dubious words	When the words of a law are dubious, their meaning should be sought by examining and comparing the obscure expressions with other related words and sentences in an orderly manner, in order to ascertain their true meaning. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 17.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/18/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 18 - Laws referring to same matter	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 18 - Laws referring to same matter	Laws which refer to the same matter, or whose object is the same, shall be interpreted with reference to each other, in order that what is clear in one may be employed for the purpose of explaining what is doubtful in another. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 18.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/19/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 19 - Reason, spirit, and motives of law	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 19 - Reason, spirit, and motives of law	The most effectual and universal manner of discovering the true meaning of a law, when its expressions are dubious, is by considering the reason and spirit thereof, or the cause or motives which induced its enactment. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 19.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/20/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 20 - Laws declaring acts void	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 20 - Laws declaring acts void	When, in order to prevent fraud or from other motives of public utility, the law declares certain acts void, its provisions shall not be dispensed with or left unperformed on the ground that the particular act in question has been proved not to be fraudulent or contrary to the public good. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 20.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/21/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 21 - Distinction of laws as odious or favorable	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 21 - Distinction of laws as odious or favorable	The distinction of laws into odious or favorable with a view of limiting or extending their provisions, shall not be made by those whose duty it is to interpret them. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 21.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/22/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 22 - Civil laws applied without distinction	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 22 - Civil laws applied without distinction	Civil laws are equally applied to all without distinction of person or sex, except in the cases otherwise specially provided in the law. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 22.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-preliminary/chapter-1/23/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23)›Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23)›§ 23 - Puerto Rico defined	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle Preliminary - Subtitle Preliminary Provisions (§§ 1 — 23) › Chapter 1 - The Laws, Their Effects, and the General Rules for Their Application (§§ 1 — 23) › § 23 - Puerto Rico defined	The expression “Puerto Rico” shall be held to comprehend, for all civil purposes, the island of that name and the adjacent islands situated to the east of the seventy-fourth meridian of longitude west of Greenwich and which were ceded to the United States by the Government of Spain by virtue of the treaty made on the tenth day of December, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, and ratified on the eleventh day of April, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 23.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-11/81/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83)›§ 81 - Personality and capacity—Determined by birth; when born	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83) › § 81 - Personality and capacity—Determined by birth; when born	Birth determines civil personality and capacity. A child shall be considered as born when completely separated from his mother’s womb. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 24.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-11/82/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83)›§ 82 - Personality and capacity—Extinguished by death; restrictions on civil capacity	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83) › § 82 - Personality and capacity—Extinguished by death; restrictions on civil capacity	(1) Minority. (2) Dementia or insanity. (3) Prodigality. (4) Habitual drunkenness. (5) Deaf-mutes who cannot understand or communicate effectively by any means. These are not more than restrictions to the capacity of performing. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 25; May 6, 1983, No. 26, p. 48, § 1; Dec. 14, 1994, No. 140, §§ 1, 6; Jan. 10, 1998, No. 17, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-11/83/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83)›§ 83 - Determination of priority of death	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 11 - Natural Persons (§§ 81 — 83) › § 83 - Determination of priority of death	If a doubt exists as to which of two or more persons respectively entitled to inherit from one another died first, any person alleging the prior death of any one of them shall prove such allegations; and if such proof be not forthcoming, and no special circumstances exist from which to infer such proof, the survival shall be presumed in accordance with such rules as are established by the law of evidence. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 26.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-13/101/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105)›§ 101 - Artificial persons—Definitions	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105) › § 101 - Artificial persons—Definitions	The following are artificial persons: (1) Corporations and associations of public interest, having artificial personality recognized by law. The personality of such bodies shall commence from the moment of their establishment in accordance with law. (2) Private corporations, companies or associations, whether civil, commercial or industrial, to which the law grants legal personality. A business trust institution of Massachusetts is a legal entity under the law of Puerto Rico. In re Vento Development Corp., 560 F.2d 2 (1977). A civil partnership has a legal personality different from that of its members. Heirs of Maeso v. Secretary of the Treasury, 1959, 81 P.R.R. 610. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 27.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-13/102/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105)›§ 102 - Law governing	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105) › § 102 - Law governing	The corporations, companies or associations referred to in subsection (2) of this title governed by such legal provisions as may be applicable thereto, by their classes of incorporation and by their bylaws, according to the nature of each of them. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 28.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-13/103/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105)›§ 103 - Law governing—Civil status	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105) › § 103 - Law governing—Civil status	The civil status of corporations, companies and associations shall be governed by the laws which create or recognize them. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 29.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-13/104/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105)›§ 104 - Artificial persons—Powers	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105) › § 104 - Artificial persons—Powers	Artificial persons may acquire and possess property of all kinds and also contract obligations and institute civil and criminal actions, in accordance with the laws and regulations of their establishment. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 30.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-13/105/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105)›Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105)›§ 105 - Property of extinct corporations	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART I - Distinction of Persons (§§ 81 — 105) › Chapter 13 - Artificial Persons (§§ 101 — 105) › § 105 - Property of extinct corporations	If any corporation or association shall cease in its functions by reason of the time for which it was established having legally expired, or the object for which they were constituted having been fulfilled, or it being impossible to continue giving to such object the necessary funds and attention, the property thereof shall be disposed of in accordance with law, with the clauses of incorporation or with the bylaws thereof. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 31.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/131/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 131 - Appointment of administrator	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 131 - Appointment of administrator	When any person who possesses movable or immovable property or rights and credits relating thereto shall be absent or shall reside out of Puerto Rico, without having appointed an attorney in fact to administer his estate, or when the administrator or attorney in fact so named shall die or become legally incapable, for any reason, of continuing as such, the part of the Court of First Instance in which such property is situated shall, on petition of a lawful party or of the public attorney (fiscal), appoint an administrator who shall represent the absentee and take charge of the administration of his property. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 32;.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/132/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 132 - Preference in appointment	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 132 - Preference in appointment	In the appointment of such administrator the Court of First Instance shall prefer the husband or wife of the absentee to his presumptive heirs; the presumptive heirs to other relations; said relations to strangers; and his creditors to those persons not otherwise interested, provided the said creditors are in the full possession of their civil rights and are of good reputation. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 33.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/133/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 133 - Oath of administrator	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 133 - Oath of administrator	The administrator appointed shall take an oath to fulfill well and faithfully the duties of his office and to present an exact account of his administration when called upon to do so by the Court of First Instance or a party having a legal right thereto. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 34.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/134/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 134 - Inventory; security	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 134 - Inventory; security	Before entering upon the discharge of his duties, the administrator shall make an inventory with an appraisement of the property of the absentee over which his administration extends, before the Court of First Instance appointing him or before a notary public duly authorized to that effect by such court; and he shall, besides, give good and sufficient security to the amount of the inventory, to the satisfaction of the Superior Court, for the conduct of his administration. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 35.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/135/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 135 - Sale or encumbrance of property forbidden; liability and compensation of administrator	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 135 - Sale or encumbrance of property forbidden; liability and compensation of administrator	The administrator shall only have the right of administering the property of the absentee and in no case shall he alienate or encumber the same. He is also bound, as regards his administration, by the same obligations and responsibilities as those by which tutors are bound, and shall be entitled to the same pecuniary compensation for his services. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 36.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/136/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 136 - Administrator as legal representative	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 136 - Administrator as legal representative	The administrator of the absentee shall be his legal representative. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 37.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/137/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 137 - Termination of administration	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 137 - Termination of administration	The administration of the absentee shall cease: (1) When the absentee or person residing out of Puerto Rico appears in person or names an attorney in fact or a representative to administer his property, which person may be either the same who is exercising the administration or any other person. (2) When the death of the absentee is proven and his testamentary heirs or heirs ab intestato appear. (3) When, after a certain time has elapsed without knowledge of the absentee, his heirs are placed in provisional possession of the estate, in accordance with law. (4) When a third person appears, proving by proper instruments that he has acquired, by purchase or by any other title, the property of the absentee. In all these cases, the administrator shall cease in the discharge of his duties and the property shall be placed at the disposal of those having a right thereto. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 38.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/138/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 138 - Sale of property ten years after disappearance	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 138 - Sale of property ten years after disappearance	Whenever the administrator or the attorney in fact of the absentee shall present to the Court of First Instance a petition made under oath that, according to his knowledge and belief, nothing has been known or heard of the absentee during a period of ten years since his disappearance and that he has no known heirs residing in Puerto Rico; or when such facts regarding the absentee are known to the Court of First Instance or are duly and satisfactorily proven by any other person than the said administrator or attorney in fact, the Court of First Instance shall, in either case, order the sale of the property and effects of the absentee, the proceeds of the same to be paid into the Treasury of Puerto Rico, in the same manner and under the same conditions as the law provides in cases of vacant successions. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 39.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/139/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 139 - Annual accounts	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 139 - Annual accounts	The administrator of the absentee shall file annual accounts of his administration, which shall be examined in due course of law contradictorily with an administrator appointed ad hoc to represent the absentee. The judgment rendered with respect to the said accounts shall be considered prima facie evidence of their correctness. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 40.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-one/subtitle-1/part-ii/chapter-19/140/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305)›Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984)›PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201)›Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141)›§ 140 - Final account	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 1 - Persons (§§ 81 — 984) › PART II - Absence (§§ 131 — 201) › Chapter 19 - Provisional Measures in Case of Absence (§§ 131 — 141) › § 140 - Final account	The administrator shall render a final account of his administration upon the termination thereof, in any of the cases already established for the termination of such administration. History —Civil Code, 1930, § 41.