Subset (2)

all_codes · 1.84M rows

Split (1)

train · 1.84M rows

Subsets and Splits

Unemployment Word Count by State

Calculates the total word count of documents related to unemployment in each state, revealing insights into the volume of unemployment-related content by location.

CO Title 8 Word Count

Calculates the total number of words in the content of entries related to 'Title 8' in Colorado, providing insight into the volume of text data available for that specific category and state.

url stringlengths 42 388	state stringclasses 50 values	path stringlengths 83 10.4k	title stringlengths 34 2.24k	content stringlengths 0 2.39M
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vi/rule-50/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VI - Witnesses›Rule 50 - Interpreters	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VI - Witnesses › Rule 50 - Interpreters	When a witness’ disability or lack of knowledge of the Spanish language requires the use of an interpreter, the latter shall be qualified as such if the judge determines that he can understand or interpret the witness’ statements. The interpreter shall take an oath that he will make a true and exact interpretation or translation of the witness’ testimony.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-51/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 51 - Opinions or inferences by lay witnesses	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 51 - Opinions or inferences by lay witnesses	If the witness is not testifying as an expert, his testimony in the form of opinions or inferences shall be limited to those opinions or inferences which are rationally based on the perception of the witness and helpful to a clear understanding of his testimony or to the determination of a fact in issue.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-52/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 52 - Expert testimony	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 52 - Expert testimony	When scientific, technical or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert on the matter on which he shall testify may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-53/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 53 - Qualification as an expert witness	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 53 - Qualification as an expert witness	(A) A person is qualified to testify as an expert if he has special knowledge, skill, experience, training or education sufficient to qualify him as an expert on the subject to which his testimony relates. Against the objection of a party, such special knowledge, skill, experience, training or education must be shown before the witness may testify as an expert. (B) An expert witness’ special knowledge, skill, experience, training or education may be shown by any admissible evidence, including his own testimony.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-54/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 54 - Cross-examination of expert witnesses	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 54 - Cross-examination of expert witnesses	Any witness testifying as an expert may be cross examined to the same extent and scope as any other witness, and may also be fully cross examined as to: (1) His or her qualifications as an expert; (2) the subject to which his or her expert testimony relates, and (3) the facts, data and circumstances upon which his or her testimony is based. History —Oct. 28, 2002, No. 257, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-55/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 55 - Limit on number of expert witnesses	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 55 - Limit on number of expert witnesses	The court may, at any time before or during the trial of an action, limit the number of expert witnesses to be called by any party.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-56/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 56 - Bases of opinion testimony by experts	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 56 - Bases of opinion testimony by experts	The opinions or inferences of an expert witness may be based upon facts or data perceived by the witness or personally known to the witness or made known to him before or during the trial of an action or the hearing. If of a type reasonably relied upon generally by experts in the particular field in forming opinions or inferences upon the subject, the subject need not be admissible in evidence.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-57/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 57 - Opinion on ultimate issue	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 57 - Opinion on ultimate issue	Testimony in the form of an opinion or inference made by an expert witness is not objectionable because it embraces an ultimate issue to be decided by the trier of fact.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-58/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 58 - Disclosure of basis of opinion	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 58 - Disclosure of basis of opinion	An expert may testify in terms of opinions or inferences and state the reasons upon which his testimony is based without prior disclosure of the facts and data upon which his opinions or inferences are based, unless the court requires otherwise. The expert may in any event be cross-examined on the subject underlying his opinions or inferences and he is bound to disclose the same.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-vii/rule-59/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony›Rule 59 - Court-appointed experts	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VII - Opinions and Expert Testimony › Rule 59 - Court-appointed experts	(A) Appointment. — Whenever the court determines, before or during the trial, that expert testimony is needed, the court may, of its own motion or at the request of any party, appoint one or more experts to investigate and to render a report as may be ordered by the court, or to testify as expert at the trial. The court shall fix the compensation for such services. (B) Compensation. — In all criminal actions or juvenile court proceedings, the compensation fixed shall be paid from the State’s funds. In all civil actions, the compensation fixed shall be paid by the parties in such proportion as the court may determine and shall be thereafter chargeable as other costs or disbursements pursuant to the law. (C) Appearance and examination. — An expert appointed by the court pursuant to this rule may be called to testify and examined by the court or by any party. Whenever he is called and examined by the court, the parties may cross-examine him as in the case of any other witness. (D) Right to produce other expert evidence. — Nothing in this rule shall prevent any of the parties from producing other expert evidence on the same fact or matter to which the testimony of the expert witness appointed by the court relates. If the party calls its own expert witness, his fees shall be paid by said party but said fees shall not be taxed as costs unless the court at its discretion provides otherwise.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-60/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 60 - Definitions	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 60 - Definitions	The following definitions regarding hearsay evidence apply under these rules: (A) Statement. — Is: (1) An oral or written assertion; (2) nonverbal conduct of a person, if it is intended by him as an assertion. (B) Declarant. — Is a person who makes a statement. (C) Hearsay. — Is a statement, other than one made by the declarant while testifying at the trial or hearing, offered in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-61/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 61 - General rule of exclusion	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 61 - General rule of exclusion	Except as otherwise provided by law, hearsay evidence shall be inadmissible only pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. This rule shall be known as the “hearsay rule”.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-62/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 62 - Admissions	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 62 - Admissions	As an exception to the hearsay evidence rule, the statement offered against a party is admissible if: (A) It is made by said party, in either his individual or representative capacity, or (B) It is one of which the party, having knowledge of the contents thereof, has manifested his adoption or belief in its truth, or (C) It is made by a person authorized by said party to make a statement concerning the subject, or (D) It is made by his agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of his agency or employment, during the existence of the relationship, or (E) It is made by a coconspirator of said party during the course and in furtherance of the conspiracy.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-63/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 63 - Prior statement by witness	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 63 - Prior statement by witness	As an exception to the hearsay rule, a prior statement made by a witness who appears at a trial or hearing and who is subject to cross-examination as to the prior statement is admissible, provided that such statement is admissible if made by the declarant appearing as witness.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-64/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 64 - Unavailability of witness	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 64 - Unavailability of witness	(A) Definition. — “Unavailability as a witness” includes situations in which the declarant: (1) Is exempted or unable to testify because of a privilege acknowledged by this rule concerning the subject matter of his statement; or (2) persists in refusing to testify despite an order of the court to do so; or (3) testifies to a lack of memory; or (4) has died or is unable to be present and testify because of a physical or mental illness or infirmity; or (5) is absent from the hearing and the proponent of his statement has exercised reasonable diligence to procure his attendance by a summons of the court. A declarant is not unavailable as a witness if the reason alleged for the unavailability is that the procurement or conduct of the proponent of his statement has been such as to prevent the witness from appearing or testifying. (B) When the declarant is unavailable as a witness, the following exceptions to the hearsay rule are admissible: (1) Former testimony. — Testimony given as a witness at another hearing, or a deposition taken in compliance with the law in the course of the same or another proceeding, if the party against whom the testimony was given offered it for his own benefit or had the opportunity to cross-examine the declarant with an interest or motive similar to that had in the hearing. (2) Statement under belief of impending death. — A statement made by a person according to his personal knowledge and while believing that his death is imminent. (3) Statement against interest. — A statement which, at the time of its making, was so far contrary to the declarant’s pecuniary or proprietary interests, or so far tended to subject him to civil or criminal liability, or to render invalid a claim by him against another, or to create a risk of turning him into the object of hatred, ridicule or social misfortune, that a reasonable man in his position would not have made the statement unless he believed it to be true. (4) Statement of personal or family history. — (i) A statement concerning the declarant’s own birth, adoption, marriage, divorce, legitimacy, relationship by blood or marriage, race, ancestry or other similar fact of his personal or family history, even though the declarant had no means of acquiring personal knowledge of the matter stated. (ii) A statement concerning the matters set forth in subdivision (i) above, and death also, of another person, if the declarant was related to the other by blood, marriage or adoption, or was so intimately associated with the other’s family as to be likely to have accurate information concerning the matter declared. (5) Other exceptions. — A statement having circumstantial guarantees of trustworthiness, if it is determined that: (i) the statement is more probative on the point for which it is offered than any other evidence which the proponent may procure through reasonable efforts, and (ii) the proponent notified the adverse party sufficiently in advance his intention to offer the statement, and the particulars of it, including the name and address of the declarant.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-65/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 65 - Exceptions to the hearsay rule even though the declarant is available as witness	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 65 - Exceptions to the hearsay rule even though the declarant is available as witness	The following are not excluded by the hearsay rule, even though the declarant is available as a witness: (A) Present sense impression. — A statement relating, describing or explaining an act, condition or event perceived by the declarant and made while the declarant was perceiving the act, condition or event, or immediately thereafter. (B) Spontaneous excited utterance. — A statement made by the declarant while under the stress of excitement caused by the perception of an act, event or condition, and the statement refers to said act, event or condition. (C) Mental, physical or emotional condition. — A statement of the declarant’s then existing state of mind, emotion, sensation or physical condition including a statement on the intent, plan, motive, design, mental or emotional feeling, pain and bodily health, but not including a statement of memory or belief to prove the fact remembered or believed unless it relates to the execution, revocation, identification or terms of the declarant’s will. (D) Diagnosis or medical treatment. — A statement made for purposes of medical diagnosis or treatment, describing medical history or past or present symptoms, pain or sensations, insofar as reasonably pertinent to diagnosis or treatment. (E) Recorded recollection. — A statement contained in a writing or recording concerning a matter about which the witness once had knowledge but now has insufficient recollection to enable him to testify accurately, if the writing or recording was made or adopted by the witness when the matter was fresh in his memory. If admitted, the writing or recording shall be read, but shall not be received as an exhibit unless offered by the adverse party. (F) Records of business or activity. — A writing made as a record of an act, condition or event, if made during the course of a regularly conducted business activity, at or near the time of the act, condition or event, and the custodian of said writing, or another witness, testifies as to the identity and mode of its preparation, if the sources of information, method and time of preparation are such as to indicate its trustworthiness. The term “business” includes business, a government activity, profession, occupation, calling or operation of institutions, whether or not conducted for profit. (G) Absence of entry in business records. — Evidence of the absence from the records of a business of an entry of an alleged act, condition or event, when it is offered to prove the nonoccurrence of the act or event, or the nonexistence of the condition, if it was the regular course of the business to make records of all such acts, conditions or events at or near the time of the act, condition or event and to preserve them, if the sources of information and the method and time of preparation of the business records were such that the absence from the record is a trustworthy indication that the act or event did not occur or the condition did not exist. (H) Public records and reports. — Evidence of a writing made as a record or report of an act, condition or event, when it is offered to prove the act, condition or event, if the writing was made at or near the time of the act, condition or event, by and within the scope of duty of a public officer, if the sources of information and the method and time of preparation were such as to indicate its trustworthiness. (I) Records of vital statistics. — A writing made as a record of a birth, fetal death, death or marriage, if the maker was required by law to file it in a specific public office, and the writing was made and filed pursuant to requirements of law. (J) Absence of public record. — A writing made by the official custodian of the records of a public office, stating that diligent search failed to disclose a specific record, if offered to prove the absence of said record in that office. (K) Records of religious organizations. — Statements of births, marriages, divorces, deaths, legitimacy, ancestry, race, relationship by blood or marriage or other similar facts of personal or family history contained in a regularly kept record of a church or other religious organization. (L) Marriage, baptismal and similar certificates. — A statement concerning the birth, marriage, death, race, ancestry, relationship by blood or marriage or other similar fact of the family history of a person, if the statement is contained in a certificate that the maker performed a marriage or other ceremony or administered a sacrament, if the person who performed the ceremony was a person authorized by law or by the rules and regulations of a religious organization to perform the acts certified, and purporting to have been issued by the maker at the time and place of the ceremony or sacrament, or within a reasonable time thereafter. (M) Family records. — Evidence of entries in family Bibles, or other books or charts, engravings on rings, inscriptions on family portraits, engravings on urns, crypts or tombstones, or the like, when offered to establish the birth, marriage, divorce, death, legitimacy, race, ancestry, relationship by blood or marriage or other similar fact of the family history of a member of a family. (N) Official records affecting an interest in property. — Evidence of the official record of a document affecting a right or interest in real or personal property as proof of the content of the original document and its execution, including the delivery by each person by whom its purports to have been executed, if the record is an official record of a public office and the recording of that document in said office is authorized by law. (O) Statements in documents affecting an interest in property. — A statement contained in a document affecting a right or interest in real or personal property, if the matter stated was relevant to the purpose of the document, provided that the dealings with the property since the statement was made have not been inconsistent with the truth of the statement. (P) Statements in ancient documents. — Statements contained in a writing more than twenty (20) years old if the authenticity of the writing has been established. (Q) Market lists and other compilations. — A statement contained in a tabulation, list, directory, register or other compilation, if generally such compilation is used and relied upon as exact in the course of the pertinent activity or occupation. (R) Learned treatises. — Statements contained in a treaty, periodical, pamphlet or other similar publication, on the subject of history, medicine or other science or art, if it is established, through judicial notice or expert testimony, that the publication is a reliable authority on the matter. (S) Reputation among the family concerning personal or family history. — Evidence of reputation among members of a family if such reputation concerns the birth, marriage, adoption, divorce, death, legitimacy, race, ancestry, relationship by blood or marriage or other similar fact of the family or personal history of a member of the family by blood or marriage. (T) Reputation concerning boundaries; general history, or personal or family history. — Evidence of reputation in the community if the reputation concerns: (1) Boundaries of lands or customs affecting lands in the community, if the reputation arose before the controversy; (2) an event of general history of the community, if the event was notorious or important to the community; (3) the birth, marriage, divorce, death, legitimacy, race, ancestry or relationship by blood or marriage, or other similar fact of the personal or family history of a person who resided in the community at the time the reputation arose. (U) Reputation as to character. — Evidence of a person’s reputation in the community in which he resides, or in a group with which he associates, regarding the character or a specific character trait of such person. (V) Judgment of previous conviction. — Evidence of a final judgment, entered after a trial or a plea of guilty, adjudging a person guilty of a felony, offered to prove any fact essential to sustain the judgment of conviction. The pendency of an appeal shall not affect admissibility under this rule, although the fact that the judgment of conviction is not yet final may be brought before the court’s consideration. This rule does not permit the Government in a criminal prosecution to offer as evidence the judgment of conviction of a person other than the accused, except for the purpose of impeaching a witness. (W) Other exceptions. — A statement having sufficient circumstantial guarantees of trustworthiness, if it is determined that: (1) The statement is more probative on the point for which it is offered than any other evidence which the proponent can procure through reasonable efforts. (2) The proponent notified the adverse party sufficiently in advance his intention to offer the statement in evidence, notifying the latter on the statement’s particulars, including the name and address of the declarant.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-66/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 66 - Hearsay within hearsay	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 66 - Hearsay within hearsay	Hearsay within hearsay is admissible if both the principal and the subordinate or included hearsay fall within the scope of an exception to the hearsay rule.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-viii/rule-67/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter VIII - Hearsay›Rule 67 - Credibility of declarant	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter VIII - Hearsay › Rule 67 - Credibility of declarant	When a hearsay statement, as defined in this chapter, has been admitted in evidence, the credibility of the declarant may be attacked, and if attacked, may be supported by any evidence which would be admissible for those purposes if the declarant had testified as a witness. Evidence of a statement or conduct by a declarant-at any time-inconsistent with his hearsay statement, is not subject to any requirement of previous confrontation, so as to give the declarant an opportunity to deny or explain such statement or inconsistent conduct. If the party against whom a hearsay statement has been admitted calls the declarant as a witness, the party is entitled to examine him on the statement as if under cross-examination.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-68/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 68 - Definitions	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 68 - Definitions	For the purposes of this chapter the following terms shall have the meaning indicated below: (A) Writings and recordings. — Consist of letters, words, numbers or their equivalent, set down by handwriting, typewriting, mechanical or electronic recording, micrography, microfilm or other form of data compilation. (B) Photographs. — Include still photographs, X-ray films, video-tapes and motion pictures. (C) Original. — An original of a writing or recording is the writing or recording itself or any counterpart intended to have the same effect by a person executing or issuing it. An original of a photograph includes the negative or any print therefrom. If data are stored in a computer or similar device, any print or other output readable shown to reflect the data accurately is an original. (D) Duplicate. — Is a counterpart produced by the same impression as the original, or from the same matrix, or by means of photography, including enlargements and miniatures, or by mechanical or electronic re-recording, or by chemical reproduction, or by other equivalent techniques which accurately reproduce the original. History —Amended July 20, 1979, No. 180, p. 489, 1, eff. Oct. 1, 1979.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-69/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 69 - Best evidence and extrinsic evidence rule	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 69 - Best evidence and extrinsic evidence rule	Except as otherwise provided by statute or these rules, to prove the content of a writing, recording or photograph, the introduction of the original writing, photograph or recording is required. History —Amended July 20, 1979, No. 180, p. 489, 1; Sept. 23, 2004, No. 448, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-70/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 70 - Admissibility of other evidence of contents, different from the original	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 70 - Admissibility of other evidence of contents, different from the original	Evidence of the contents of a writing, recording or photograph other than the original shall be admissible if: (a) The original is lost or has been destroyed, unless the proponent lost or destroyed it in bad faith. (b) The original cannot be obtained by any available judicial process or otherwise. (c) The original is under the control of the opponent and he does not produce the original at the hearing despite having been put on notice of the necessity thereof. (d) The original is not closely related to the controlling issues and it is inconvenient to require its production.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-71/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 71 - Public records and papers	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 71 - Public records and papers	The contents of a public record or of other document kept under the custody of a public entity or office may be proved by certified copy of the original issued by an authorized officer, or by a copy testified to be correct by a witness who has compared it with the original. If this is not possible despite the exercise of reasonable diligence of the proponent, other secondary evidence of the content of the original shall be admissible.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-72/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 72 - Voluminous writings	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 72 - Voluminous writings	The contents of voluminous writings, recordings or photographs which cannot be conveniently examined in court may be presented in the form of a chart, summary or calculation, or any other similar evidence. The originals or duplicates shall be made available for the examination or copying by other parties at a reasonable time and place. The court may order that the originals or duplicates be produced in court.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-73/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 73 - Duplicates	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 73 - Duplicates	A duplicate is admissible to the same extent as an original unless a genuine question is raised as to the authenticity of the original, or if in the circumstances of the case it would be unfair to admit the duplicate in lieu of the original.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-ix/rule-74/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs›Rule 74 - Testimony or written admission of party	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter IX - Contents of Writings, Recordings and Photographs › Rule 74 - Testimony or written admission of party	Contents of writings, recordings or photographs may be proved by the testimony or deposition of the party against whom it is offered or by his written admission, without the need to produce the original.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-x/rule-75/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter X - Authentication and identification›Rule 75 - Requirements of authentication or identification	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter X - Authentication and identification › Rule 75 - Requirements of authentication or identification	The requirement of authentication or identification as a condition precedent to admissibility is satisfied by evidence sufficient to support a finding that the matter in question is what its proponent claims.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-x/rule-76/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter X - Authentication and identification›Rule 76 - Illustrations of authentication and identification	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter X - Authentication and identification › Rule 76 - Illustrations of authentication and identification	Pursuant to the requirements of the previous rule, below are some examples, among others, of authentication or identification: (A) Authenticity by handwriting evidence. — A writing may be authenticated by evidence of the genuineness of the handwriting of the maker. For those purposes, a nonexpert witness may state his opinion as to the genuineness of the handwriting of the supposed writer on the basis of his familiarity with the latter’s handwriting, if such familiarity has not been acquired for purposes of the litigation. Authenticity may also be shown by the trier’s or expert’s comparison of handwriting of the writing in controversy with another duly authenticated writing. (B) Voice identification. — Identification of a person’s voice, whether heard firsthand, or through mechanical or electronic recording, by opinion based upon hearing the voice at any time under circumstances connecting it with the voice of the alleged speaker. (C) Telephone conversations. — Telephone conversations may be authenticated or identified by evidence that a call was made to the number assigned at that time by the telephone company to a particular person or business, if: (1) In the case of a person, circumstances, including self-identification, show the person answering to be the one called. (2) In the case of a business, the call was made to a place of business and the conversation was related to business reasonably transacted over the telephone. (D) Ancient documents. — When it is found that a writing has been in existence for twenty (20) years or more at the time it is offered, and that it is generally respected and acted upon as authentic by persons having an interest in knowing whether it is genuine, and that, at the time of discovery, was in a place where, if authentic, it would likely be, the writing will be sufficiently authenticated, unless its condition is such as to cast serious doubts over its authenticity. (E) Writings in reply. — A writing may be authenticated by evidence that the writing was received in reply to a communication sent to the person who is claimed by the proponent of the evidence to be the author of the writing. (F) Content of writings. — A writing may be authenticated by evidence that the writing refers to or states matters that are unlikely to be known to anyone other than the person who is claimed by the proponent of the evidence to be the author of the matter. (G) Authentication by admission. — A writing or any other material may be authenticated by evidence that the party against whom it is offered has at any time admitted its authenticity, or by evidence that the writing has been accepted as authentic by the party against whom it is offered. (H) Wills. — A will executed in Puerto Rico shall be authenticated in accordance with the applicable laws.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-x/rule-77/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter X - Authentication and identification›Rule 77 - Subscribing witnesses	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter X - Authentication and identification › Rule 77 - Subscribing witnesses	(A) The testimony of a subscribing witness is not necessary to authenticate a writing, unless otherwise provided by statute. (B) If the testimony of a subscribing witness is required by statute to authenticate a writing and the subscribing witness denies or does not recollect the execution of the writing, the writing may be authenticated by other evidence.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-x/rule-78/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter X - Authentication and identification›Rule 78 - Witnesses to the execution of a writing	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter X - Authentication and identification › Rule 78 - Witnesses to the execution of a writing	A writing may be authenticated by anyone who saw the writing made or executed, including the subscribing witnesses.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-x/rule-79/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter X - Authentication and identification›Rule 79 - Self-authentication	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter X - Authentication and identification › Rule 79 - Self-authentication	Extrinsic evidence of authenticity as a condition precedent to admissibility is not required with respect to the following: (A) Acknowledged documents. — Documents accompanied by a certificate of acknowledgment or proof, if the certificate complies with the pertinent statutory provisions concerning certificates, particularly with the provisions on notarial law. (B) Public documents under official seal. — Documents bearing a seal purporting to be the official seaL of: (1) The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; or (2) the United States of America; or (3) a state, territory or possession of the United States of America; or (4) a department, public agency, public corporation or public officer of any of the entities enumerated in clauses (1), (2) and (3) above. Said documents must bear the signature of the person purporting to attest to or execute them. (C) Public documents bearing official signatures. — Documents which, although having no seal, purport to bear the signature in his official capacity of an officer of any of the entities included in clauses (1), (2) and (3) of subsection (B) of this rule, if a competent officer certifies under seal that the signature is genuine and that the signer has the official capacity to sign the documents. (D) Foreign public documents. — A document purporting to be signed in his official capacity by an officer or deputy of an officer of a nation recognized by the executive power of the United States and the document bearing the signature is accompanied by certification, issued by a competent consular officer, certifying that the document is valid and existent in the foreign nation. (E) Certified copies of public records and documents. — A copy of an official record, or part thereof, or of a document authorized by law or public regulation to be filed in a public office, if certified as correct by the custodian or other person authorized by law to make the certification, if the certificate meets the requirements set forth in subsections (B), (C) or (D) of this rule, or in any other pertinent law or public regulation. (F) Official publications. — Books, pamphlets or other publications purporting to be issued by public authority. (G) Newspapers and periodicals. — Printed materials purporting to be newspapers or periodicals. (H) Trade inscriptions. — Inscriptions, signs, tags and the like, purporting to have been affixed in the course of business and indicating ownership, control and origin.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-xi/rule-80/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence›Rule 80 - Objects cognizable by the senses	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence › Rule 80 - Objects cognizable by the senses	Whenever an object, cognizable by the senses, is pertinent pursuant to the provisions of Rule 18, such object, after previous identification or authentication, is admissible in evidence, subject to the discretion of the court pursuant to the factors or criteria set forth in Rule 19.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-xi/rule-81/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence›Rule 81 - Personal inspection	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence › Rule 81 - Personal inspection	Personal inspection is a means of proof that may be admitted by the court pursuant to the provisions of §§ 3262, 3311 and 3312 of Title 31, and of Rule 134 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure. The court may deny a personal inspection on the grounds set forth in Rule 19.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-xi/rule-82/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence›Rule 82 - Experiments and scientific evidence	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter XI - Demonstrative and Scientific Evidence › Rule 82 - Experiments and scientific evidence	(A) The admissibility of evidence resulting from an experiment or test shall be determined by the court pursuant to the provisions of Rule 19. If the experiment is intended to show that certain facts occurred in a specific manner, the proponent shall persuade the court that the experiment was carried out under circumstances identical or similar to those existing at the moment said facts occurred. (B) Upon passing on the probative value of scientific evidence, the court shall give weight to the reliability or certainty that science confers to the test in question. This can be determined by expert evidence or through judicial knowledge pursuant to the provisions of Rule 11. (C) In any action in which paternity is a pertinent fact, the court may, on its own initiative or upon an opportune motion presented by a party, shall order the mother, son or daughter and the putative or alleged biological father to undergo genetic tests. In case the putative father is deceased, the parents, children, siblings, and grandchildren of the putative father may be submitted to genetic testing, following an order of preference in accordance with the degree of consanguinity of the relative with the putative father. All expenses related to the requested test shall be defrayed by the petitioner in those cases in which the test produces a negative result. In the event that the result of the test is positive, the expenses shall be covered by the respondent. If the party bound to pay the cost of the test is a beneficiary of the Public Assistance Program of the Department of the Family under the Category of Temporary Help to Needy Families or the Assistance to Medically-Indigent Families (Medicaid) Program, its cost shall be charged to that part of the General Fund of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico appropriated to the Minors Support Program of the Department of the Family. Paternity shall be disputably presumed in those cases in which a putative father or his parents, children, siblings or grandchildren refuse to undergo the genetic test ordered by the court. The tests shall be performed by duly-qualified experts appointed by the court. Prior to admitting said tests as evidence, the court shall determine and enter into the record that the tests have been performed following the strictest standards required for this type of analysis. (D) If the court determines from the findings and conclusions of the experts, as revealed by the evidence based on the tests, the alleged father is not the father of the child, the fact of paternity shall be resolved accordingly. If the experts cannot agree on their findings and conclusions, the fact of paternity shall be resolved according to all the evidence presented. If the experts conclude that the blood tests show the possibility of the paternity of the alleged father, the admissibility of this evidence shall be at the discretion of the court depending on whether the blood type is a common or an uncommon one. History —Amended on July 21, 1988, No. 121, p. 513; July 16, 1990, No. 10, p. 67; Aug. 30, 1991, No. 79, § 2; Aug. 11, 2000, No. 147, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-xii/rule-83/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter XII - Effective date and repeal›Rule 83 - Effective date	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter XII - Effective date and repeal › Rule 83 - Effective date	These rules shall take effect October 1, 1979, and shall apply to all the proceedings or actions initiated on or after such date. For such purposes, it shall be understood that a trial has begun when the oath of the first witness is given or when the first exhibit is received in evidence. If a new trial is decreed through an appeal and it is initiated on or before the effectiveness of these rules, the same shall apply in said trial, regardless of when the original proceedings were initiated. History —Amended July 20, 1979, No. 180, p. 489, § 1, eff. Oct. 1, 1979.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-two-appendix/appendix-iv/chapter-xii/rule-84/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4)›Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979›Chapter XII - Effective date and repeal›Rule 84 - Repeal and provisional effectiveness	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-TWO Appendix (§§ 1 — 39.4) › Appendix IV - Rules of Evidence for the General Court of Justice, 1979 › Chapter XII - Effective date and repeal › Rule 84 - Repeal and provisional effectiveness	(A) Repeal. The following articles of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1933 ed., included in the Law of Evidence of Puerto Rico, are hereby repealed: 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 393, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 427, 428, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525 and 526. (B) Provisional effectiveness. The following articles of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1933 ed., shall be provisionally effective until modified, repealed or reclassified through special laws: 392, 394, 409, 421, 426, 429, 527, 528, 529, 530 and 531. History —Amended July 20, 1979, No. 180, p. 489, 1, eff. Oct. 1, 1979.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-three/subtitle-1/part-i/chapter-5/98/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939)›Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204)›PART I - General Provisions (§§ 1 — 231)›Chapter 5 - Parties to Crime (§§ 81 — 99)›§ 98 - Inciting or urging commission of a felony which is not committed	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939) › Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204) › PART I - General Provisions (§§ 1 — 231) › Chapter 5 - Parties to Crime (§§ 81 — 99) › § 98 - Inciting or urging commission of a felony which is not committed	Any person who individually or in combination with others, whether it be at a convention, meeting, or assembly, in a speech over the radio, through a book, pamphlet, poster, handbill, phonograph record, or any other publication, or otherwise directly or indirectly incites or urges one or more other persons to the commission of an act which constitutes a felony under Commonwealth laws shall, after the fact of the inciting or urging has been proved, be guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a maximum penalty of four (4) years imprisonment in jail, or by a maximum fine of five thousand dollars ($5,000), or by both penalties. Any person may be prosecuted for violating the aforesaid provisions, without requirement that anyone should have committed or attempted to commit the offense to which he may have been incited or urged. Should the offense be committed which has been incited or urged the pertinent provisions of the Penal Code shall govern. The Court of First Instance is hereby vested with exclusive jurisdiction to take cognizance of the violations to this section, and the trials thereof shall be heard by the court without a jury. History —June 10, 1948, No. 52, p. 168, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-three/subtitle-1/part-iv/chapter-35/430/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939)›Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204)›PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519)›Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432)›§ 430 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939) › Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204) › PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519) › Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432) › § 430 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court	When, during the trial of any case pending in the District [Court] or Court of First Instance of Puerto Rico, a witness shall appear and take an oath, or shall affirm that he will testify and depose truly before any such [court] in any of the cases in which such an oath or affirmation may be administered, and after having taken such oath or affirmation, shall wilfully, and contrary thereto, state as true any material matter which he knows to be false, or which he does not know to be true, is guilty of perjury; and when such oath or affirmation is taken in open court, and is violated as herein provided, then said witness is guilty of a contempt of court, and shall be punished as hereinafter provided. If the judge presiding in said case shall be satisfied, in any case pending in his court, that a witness, after taking the oath, or after having affirmed, as prescribed by statute, to testify truly in any matter pending in the court, is guilty of perjury as herein defined, then it shall be the duty of said judge so trying the case, and he is hereby empowered on his own motion alone, to cause the arrest and detention of the party so offending, and he shall issue an order, to be served on the offending party, to appear and show cause why he should not be punished for contempt of court. The defendant shall, within a time to be fixed by the court, make his defense to the citation, and the court shall hear the testimony adduced by the prosecution and the defense, and after hearing the testimony shall pronounce judgment in the case. If the court is satisfied from the depositions which must be taken in writing that the party so cited has been guilty of perjury, then it shall be the duty of the court to punish him as for contempt of court, and the punishment for such contempt shall be a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars ($100), or imprisonment in the district jail not exceeding three (3) months, or both such punishments, in the discretion of the judge trying the case. Any person so convicted in the District Court shall have a right to appeal to the Court of First Instance, as in other criminal cases; and in case the contempt is originally committed in the Court of First Instance, the party convicted in said Court of First Instance shall have the right to appeal to the Supreme Court. History —Mar. 9, 1911, No. 41, p. 128, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-three/subtitle-1/part-iv/chapter-35/431/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939)›Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204)›PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519)›Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432)›§ 431 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court—Effect on other provisions	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939) › Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204) › PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519) › Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432) › § 431 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court—Effect on other provisions	The power given herein to the judge of any court to punish as for a contempt any perjury committed in open court is not to be understood as taking away from the courts the power and authority to punish for perjury as provided by the other statutes and laws of Puerto Rico; but this is intended as a summary manner of dealing with cases of perjury committed in open court where the falsity of the testimony is apparent to the judge of the court. History —Mar. 9, 1911, No. 41, p. 128, § 2.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-three/subtitle-1/part-iv/chapter-35/432/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939)›Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204)›PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519)›Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432)›§ 432 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court—Evidence of sentence of co...	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939) › Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204) › PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519) › Chapter 35 - Perjury (§§ 421 — 432) › § 432 - Summary punishment as contempt of perjury committed in open court—Evidence of sentence of contempt not admissible in criminal prosecution	In case of a person being sentenced for perjury in proceedings for contempt of court and his being prosecuted in a criminal cause for the same offense, no evidence whatever of the order or sentence dictated by the judge nor anything related to said order shall be admissible. History —Mar. 9, 1911, No. 41, p. 128, § 3.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-three/subtitle-1/part-iv/chapter-39/517/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939)›Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204)›PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519)›Chapter 39 - Other Offenses Against Public Justice (§§ 491 — 519)›§ 517 - Criminal contempt of court or Industrial Commission	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-THREE - Penal Code (§§ 1 — 4939) › Subtitle 1 - Penal Code of 1937 and Miscellaneous Laws (§§ 1 — 2204) › PART IV - Crimes Against Public Justice (§§ 361 — 519) › Chapter 39 - Other Offenses Against Public Justice (§§ 491 — 519) › § 517 - Criminal contempt of court or Industrial Commission	The Supreme Court, the Court of First Instance, the District Court, and any court of record duly established in Puerto Rico, and the Industrial Commission of Puerto Rico, shall have the power to punish for criminal contempt any person guilty of any of the following acts: (1) Breach of the peace, noise, or other disturbance directly tending to interrupt its proceedings, or disorderly, contemptuous or insolent conduct towards a court or a justice thereof, or the Industrial Commission of Puerto Rico constituted by all or some of its members, in its presence or during its session and tending to interrupt its proceedings, or in the presence of a jury, while it is actually sitting or deliberating in any case. (2) Wilful disobedience of, or resistance offered to or exerted against, any lawful writ, mandate or order issued or made by any such court in a suit or action pending therein, or against any order issued by the Industrial Commission of Puerto Rico in connection with any proceedings pending before it. (3) Scurrilous or libelous criticism of the orders, judgments, writs, or proceedings of any court, including the Industrial Commission of Puerto Rico, published in any public print or newspaper or circular for circulation, tending to bring the court or any of its members into undeserved disrepute. (4) The unlawful or contumacious refusal of any person to be sworn or properly qualified as a witness in any cause pending in such court or before the Industrial Commission of Puerto Rico, or, after being sworn or qualified, the refusal, without lawful excuse, to answer any legal interrogatory. (5) The wilful publication of any false or grossly inaccurate report of judicial or quasi-judicial proceedings; Provided, however, That the publication of any true and fair report of any judicial proceeding shall not be punishable as a contempt. History —Mar. 1, 1902, p. 83, § 1; Mar. 8, 1906, p. 41, § 1; May 12, 1937, No. 102, p. 241, eff. 90 days after May 12, 1937.