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https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-123/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 123 - PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES; NUMBER	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 123 - PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES; NUMBER	In every suit where the crime is necessarily punishable by ninety-nine (99) years or for life imprisonment, the defendant and the People be shall entitled to ten (10) peremptory challenges each. In all other cases, the defendant and the People shall be entitled to seven (7) peremptory challenges each. Once a peremptory challenge is made against a juror, he must be excluded and may not act in the [case]. History —May 27, 1980, No. 60; Dec. 19, 2002, No. 280, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-124/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 124 - PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES; SEVERAL DEFENDANTS	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 124 - PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES; SEVERAL DEFENDANTS	When several defendants are brought to trial jointly they may take the number of peremptory challenges specified in Rule 123 collectively and each defendant may, in addition, take two (2) more peremptory challenges separately. In that event the prosecuting attorney is also entitled to an additional number of peremptory challenges equal to the total number of additional challenges specified by this rule for all the defendants.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-125/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 125 - JURORS; FINAL OATH	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 125 - JURORS; FINAL OATH	The judge or clerk of the court shall orally administer to the impanelled jury the following oath: “You, and each of you, do solemnly swear that you will well and truly try the cause now pending before the court, and a true verdict render according to the evidence, so help you God.”
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-126/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 126 - ALTERNATE JURORS; REQUIREMENTS; CHALLENGES; OATH	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 126 - ALTERNATE JURORS; REQUIREMENTS; CHALLENGES; OATH	When the court deems it convenient it may order, immediately after the jury has been sworn, that one or more jurors be called as alternate jurors. The alternate jurors shall have the same qualifications, shall be subject to the same examinations and challenges as the regular jurors. Each side shall be entitled to one peremptory challenge against said alternate jurors. Alternate jurors shall take the same oath as the regular jurors and shall be considered for all purposes as members of the jury until discharged by the court.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-127/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 127 - ALTERNATE JURORS; WHEN THEY WILL ACT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 127 - ALTERNATE JURORS; WHEN THEY WILL ACT	If at any time before the ease is finally submitted to the jury, one of the regular jurors should die or become ill in such manner as to be unable to perform his duties, or if for just cause he is excused, the court shall direct his substitution by the alternate juror, if only one. If there should be more than one juror, the alternate shall be drawn by lot. When the ease is submitted to the jury the court shall excuse the alternate jurors who have not been used.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-128/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 128 - TRIAL; ORDER OF EVIDENCE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 128 - TRIAL; ORDER OF EVIDENCE	The clerk shall read the information to the jury, and state the plea of the defendant. If it charges a previous conviction and the defendant has confessed the same, the clerk shall omit therefrom all that relates to said conviction. The prosecuting attorney shall open the case stating orally to the jury or to the court, as the case may be, the nature of the offense which he expects to prove, the circumstances under which the crime was committed, the proofs which he expects to produce for upholding his charge or complaint, and shall gather and offer his evidence in support of said information or complaint. The defendant shall then set forth in a concise manner the proofs for his defense and shall offer and produce his evidence in support thereof. The prosecuting attorney and the defendant may then, in that order, offer rebutting testimony only against the evidence originally offered, unless the court, for good reason and in furtherance of justice, shall permit them to offer evidence upon their original case.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-129/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 129 - WITNESSES; EXCLUSION AND SEPARATION	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 129 - WITNESSES; EXCLUSION AND SEPARATION	While a witness is under examination, the court may exclude all witnesses who have not been examined. It may also order the witnesses to be kept separate, and to be prevented from conversing among themselves until they are examined.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-130/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 130 - PRISONERS; ATTENDANCE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 130 - PRISONERS; ATTENDANCE	Whenever it is necessary that a person confined in the penitentiary or in a jail appear in court as witness of either party or for any other purpose, the court may issue a warrant to that effect which shall be executed by the marshal.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-131/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 131 - Witnesses; evidence; public trials; exclusion of public	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 131 - Witnesses; evidence; public trials; exclusion of public	Unless otherwise provided by law and by these rules, the testimony of a witness in all trials shall be oral and in open court, and admissibility of evidence and competency and privileges of witnesses shall be governed by the provisions of the Rules of Evidence of Puerto Rico. In suits for incest, sexual assault, lewd, or indecent acts and in indecent exposure or the attempt thereof, or during the testimony of victims of incidents of domestic violence set forth in §§ 601 et seq. of Title 8, known as the “Domestic Abuse Prevention and Intervention Act”, the court may exclude the public from the courtroom during the injured person’s testimony, admitting only those persons who have a legitimate interest in the case, such as court officials and the party’s lawyers and relatives. Prior to the order of exclusion, the court shall hold a private hearing to determine if the injured person needs this protection during his or her testimony. History —June 22, 1978, No. 65, p. 201; Oct. 18, 2011, No. 206, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-131-1/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 131.1 - TESTIMONY OF THE VICTIM IN THE PROSECUTION OF CRIMES AGAINST MINORS THROUGH THE ONE-WAY...	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 131.1 - TESTIMONY OF THE VICTIM IN THE PROSECUTION OF CRIMES AGAINST MINORS THROUGH THE ONE-WAY, CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEM OF THE VICTIM OR WITNESS WHO IS A MINOR OR OVER EIGHTEEN YEARS OF AGE WHO SUFFERS FROM A DISABILITY OR MENTAL RETARDATION	Under specific conditions and circumstances, the interrogation of the underage victim or witness may be conducted according to the procedure established herein. Provided, That for the purposes of this rule and Rules 131.2 and 131.3 of this appendix, the term “minor” shall mean any person who has not attained the age of eighteen years and any person over eighteen (18) years of age who suffers from a disability or mental retardation which has been previously judicially determined or established through expert evidence or by stipulation of the parties. (1) Conditions.— The court may order, motu proprio, or at the request of the prosecution, or of the witness or victim who is a minor, that the latter can testify outside the courtroom during the proceeding through the use of a one or two-way closed circuit television system, if the following conditions concur: (a) The minor offers testimony during the judicial process, and (b) the judge has previously determined during the proceeding that, due to the presence of the defendant, it is likely that the minor, although competent to testify, would suffer grave emotional distress, which would prevent him/her to communicate effectively, and (c) at the time of testifying, the minor is under oath or affirmation, and has been duly admonished. (2) Persons that may be present in the place where the minor gives testimony.— Only the persons listed hereinbelow shall be admitted to the place where the minor gives testimony: (a) The prosecutor in charge of the case; (b) the defense attorney; (c) the closed-circuit equipment operators; (d) any support personnel, as this term is defined in Rule 131.3 of this appendix, to be determined by the court. The judge, the defendant, the jury, and the public shall remain in the courtroom while the minor testifies through the one or two-way, closed-circuit system. The defendant and the judge shall be allowed to communicate with the persons present in the place where the minor is testifying by using the electronic equipment suited for those purposes. The defendant will be able to simultaneously observe and hear the minor testify, but the minor shall not be able to see the defendant, except when a two-way system is authorized. Only the prosecutor in charge of the case, the defense attorney, and the judge may interrogate the minor during his/her testimony. (3) Determination of need.— To determine whether it is likely that the minor could suffer grave emotional distress that could prevent him/her from communicating effectively if he/she has to testify before the defendant, the judge may observe and interrogate the minor in or outside the court, and also hear the testimony of the parents, guardians, custodians, tutor, or guardian ad litem of the minor, and any other person who, in the discretion of the judge, contributes to the welfare of the minor, including the person or persons who have interacted with the minor in a therapeutic environment, due to the nature of the crime. (a) The defendant, the defense attorney, and the prosecutor in charge of the case shall be entitled to be present when the judge hears testimony to determine whether he/she authorizes the victim who is a minor, to testify outside of the courtroom where trial is being held, by means of the one or two-way, closed-circuit system. (b) If the judge decides to observe or interrogate the injured minor, in order to make the determination provided in clause (a) of this section, the defense attorney and the prosecutor in charge of the case shall be present (4) Applicability.— The provisions contained in this rule shall not apply when the defendant appears pro se. (5) Identification of the defendant.— For the victim to identify the defendant, both shall be required to appear in the courtroom after the minor has testified. History —Added on Mar. 16, 1995, No. 31, § 1; Aug. 15, 1998, No. 247, § 1, eff. 30 days after Aug. 15, 1998.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-131-2/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 131.2 - RECORDING OF DEPOSITION ON VIDEO TAPE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 131.2 - RECORDING OF DEPOSITION ON VIDEO TAPE	In every procedure involving a crime committed against a minor or in which the minor is a witness, the Prosecutor, the guardian ad litem of the minor, parents, legal tutor or custodian of the minor may request the court, before the trial, to order that the testimony of the minor be given through a deposition and that the same is recorded and preserved in any reliable recording system according to the following rules: (1) The court shall evaluate the petition and shall make a preliminary determination regarding the availability of the minor to testify in open court and in the presence of the defendant, the judge and the jury, taking into consideration the following circumstances: (a) That the minor feels fearful or intimidated. (b) That through an expert testimony, it has been established that his/her testimony in open court would cause an emotional trauma to the minor. (c) That the minor suffers a mental disability or disease or impairment. In the case of persons over eighteen (18) years of age, the disability or impairment must be previously determined judicially, or shall be established through expert testimony or by stipulation between the parties. (d) That it has been proven that the defendant or his/her lawyer have incurred in a conduct that prevents the minor from continuing his testimony. When the court finds that it is impossible for the minor to continue testifying in open court for any of the circumstances listed, it shall order that the deposition of the testimony of the minor be taken and recorded on a video tape. If the preliminary determination of the inability to testify is based on the provisions of clause (a) of this subsection and the evidence shows that the minor is unable to testify in the physical presence of the defendant, the court may order that the defendant, including a defendant who has assumed his own defense (pro se), shall be removed from the place where the deposition is being taken. In this case, provisions shall be made for the installation of a one or two-way closed circuit television system, which allows the defendant to observe the minor and communicate with his/her legal representative in private and while the deposition is being taken. (2) The judge shall preside over the deposition of the minor, who shall declare under oath or affirmation after due admonishments, and shall adjudicate any questions set forth or objections raised during the taking thereof. Only the following persons shall be present during the deposition: (a) The prosecutor. (b) The defense attorney. (c) The minor’s attorney or his/her legal guardian. (d) The operators of the recording equipment. (e) The defendant, except when disqualified under the provisions of subsection (1)(d) of this rule. (f) Any other support personnel, as the term is defined in Rule 131.3 of this appendix, whose presence contributes to the welfare of the minor, as determined by the court. (g) Officers of the court responsible for security. The constitutional rights of the defendant shall be guaranteed, including the right to legal counsel, to cross examine the witnesses for the prosecution and the right to cross examine the minor. (3) A complete record of the examination of the minor shall be kept, including the images and voices of all persons who participated in the examination, which shall be preserved on any reliable recording system, in addition to being reproduced on a double video tape sound recorder or other digital recording means. The recording shall be delivered to the Clerk of the Court in which the case is being seen and shall be available for examination by the parties during working hours. (4) If when the trial begins, the court determines that the minor is unable to testify for any of the circumstances established in this rule, the court shall admit as evidence the recording of the deposition of the minor, in substitution of his/her testimony in open court. The court shall base its determination on this rule and on the findings that it establishes for the record. (5) Any of the parties, when notified of the discovery of new evidence once the deposition has been recorded, and before or during the trial, may request the court, upon determination of just cause, to take an additional deposition to be recorded by any reliable recording system. The testimony of the minor shall be limited to the matters authorized by the Judge in the order. (6) In everything that is related to the taking of a deposition recorded on video tape or other digital recording means under this rule, the court may issue a protecting order that guarantees the right to privacy of the minor. (7) The video tape or other digital recording means used for the taking of the deposition under this rule shall be destroyed five (5) years after the sentence in the case has been issued, unless an appeal of the sentence is pending. The tape shall be part of the record and shall remain in the custody of the court until the time of its destruction. History —Added on Aug. 15, 1998, No. 247, § 2, eff. 30 days after Aug. 15, 1998.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-131-3/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 131.3 - WITNESSES WHO ARE MINORS; ASSISTANCE DURING TESTIMONY	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 131.3 - WITNESSES WHO ARE MINORS; ASSISTANCE DURING TESTIMONY	In any proceeding under these rules, and specifically, Rules 131.1 and 131.2 of this appendix, the court, on its own initiative or by petition of the Prosecutor, guardian ad litem , or the parents, tutor or guardian of a minor who is a witness in a criminal procedure, may authorize that assistance be given to the minor pursuant to the following: (1) Support personnel.— The minor shall have the right to be escorted by support personnel, which may be a relative or an acquaintance of the minor, or the professional or technical personnel who has intervened or offered assistance to the minor throughout the different stages of the process. The court may authorize the support personnel to remain next to the minor, including actions such as holding him/her on his/her lap, or holding his/her hands. While the minor is testifying, the support personnel shall not address the minor, nor make any suggestive movement whatsoever, nor communicate with the jury by making gestures nor through any other means. In the cases of trial by jury, the court shall give special instructions to clarify the function of the support personnel, emphasizing the fact that his/her presence has the purpose of facilitating the testimony of the minor and not of physically protecting him/her from the defendant nor to influence in favor of his/her credibility. (2) Means to facilitate the rendering of testimony.— The court may authorize the use in court of anatomically correct dolls, mannequins, common toys, drawings or other demonstrative means that it deems pertinent in order to help the minor to give his/her testimony. By petition of the Prosecutor, of any of the persons listed in subsection (1) of this rule, or on its own initiative, the court shall give priority to the case in which a minor is called to testify, on its calendar as well as on the order of the day, to reduce the time that the minor shall be exposed to the process. If the court has to continue the proceedings on a subsequent date, it shall take into consideration the age of the minor and any adverse effect that such postponement could entail. The court shall make findings of fact and conclusions of law, in writing, when it opts to postpone the hearing of the case. History —Added on Aug. 15, 1998, No. 247, § 3, eff. 30 days after Aug. 15, 1998.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-132/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 132 - ADJOURNMENT OF COURT; WARNING TO JURY	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 132 - ADJOURNMENT OF COURT; WARNING TO JURY	The jury must also, at each adjourment of the court, whether they are allowed to separate or remain in charge of the officers of the court, be admonished by the court that it is their duty not to talk among themselves nor with any other person, on any of the matters connected with the trial, or to form or express any opinion thereon, until the case be definitively submitted to their deliberation.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-133/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 133 - JURY; PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE FACTS	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 133 - JURY; PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE FACTS	If a juror has any personal knowledge respecting a fact in controversy in a cause, he must declare the same in open court during the trial. If, during the retirement of the jury, a juror states a fact which would be evidence in the cause, as of his own knowledge, the jury must return into court. In either of these cases the juror making the statement must be sworn and examined as a witness in the presence of the parties and shall continue acting as juror unless the judge determines that if allowed to continue the trial would not receive an impartial consideration from the jury.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-134/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 134 - JURY; VIEW OR INSPECTION	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 134 - JURY; VIEW OR INSPECTION	When, in the opinion of the court, it is advisable that the jury should view the place in which the offense was committed, or in which any other material fact occurred, it may order the jury to be conducted in a body, in the custody of a marshal, to the place, which must be shown to them by a person designated by the court for such purpose and said marshal must be sworn to suffer no person, including himself, to speak or communicate with the jury on any subject connected with the trial, and to return to the court with the jury, without unnecessary delay. Whenever an inspection is made the judge should always go with the jury to the place of the events.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-135/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 135 - PEREMPTORY ACQUITTAL	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 135 - PEREMPTORY ACQUITTAL	Motions for directed verdict are abolished. The court on motion of a defendant or of its own motion shall order the entry of judgment or acquittal of one or more offenses of the information or complaint at any time after the evidence on either side is closed if the court deems the evidence insufficient to warrant a conviction of such offense or offenses. If a motion for judgment of acquittal is made at the close of all the evidence, the court may reserve decision on the motion, submit the case to the jury, and decide the motion either before the jury has returned a verdict or after it has returned a verdict or has been discharged without having returned a verdict. If the motion is denied before a verdict of guilty is returned or the jury is discharged without rendering a verdict, the motion may be renewed within the jurisdictional term of five (5) days after the verdict is returned or the jury is discharged provided no judgment has been entered. History —Aug. 31, 2000, No. 270, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-136/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 136 - TRIAL; ARGUMENTS TO THE JURY	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 136 - TRIAL; ARGUMENTS TO THE JURY	When the evidence is concluded, the parties shall argue the case to the court or to the jury, the prosecuting attorney giving his opening statement first, and he may briefly close the argument being confined in his address to rebutting the argument of the defense. The court may in the exercise of its sound discretion limit the time and number of arguments.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-137/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 137 - TRIAL; INSTRUCTIONS	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 137 - TRIAL; INSTRUCTIONS	After the arguments, the court shall charge the jury, summing up the evidence and stating all the questions of law necessary for their information. By stipulation of the parties filed immediately before beginning the instructions and approved by the court, the summary of the evidence may be omitted. All the instructions shall be oral unless the parties consent to the contrary. Either party may present to the court any written request that certain instructions be given, at the end of the evidence, or prior thereto if the court reasonably so orders. A copy of said request must be served on the adverse party. The court may accept or refuse any or all the requests, indorsing its decision on each one, and shall give its decision to the parties before they argue to the jury. Neither party may assign as error any portion of the instructions or omission therein unless objection is raised thereto or additional instructions are requested before the jury retires to deliberate, stating clearly the grounds of challenge or of its request. An opportunity to make such objection or request outside the presence of the jury shall be given to both parties. The court shall then proceed to decide the matter, entering its decision in the record or giving any additional instruction which it might deem pertinent. After giving its instructions the court shall appoint a foreman of the jury and shall order that the jury retire to deliberate. In their deliberations and verdict the jury are bound to accept and apply the law as stated by the court in its instructions.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-138/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 138 - JURY; CUSTODY	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 138 - JURY; CUSTODY	During the course of the trial, and before submitting the case to the jury, the court may permit the jury to separate, or provide that they remain in the custody of the marshal, who shall be sworn to keep them together until the next session of the court, and not to permit any person to speak to or communicate with them, nor to do so himself, on any matter connected with the trial, and to return with them to the court in the next session. Likewise, during the course of the trial, when it is essential to the administration of justice, the defendant as well as the prosecutor may petition the court to order that the jury remain in the custody of the marshal, at its discretion. History —May 27, 1980, No. 62, p. 158.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-139/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 139 - JURY; DELIBERATION; OATH OF MARSHAL	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 139 - JURY; DELIBERATION; OATH OF MARSHAL	When the jury retires to deliberate, the marshal shall be sworn to: (a) Keep the jurors together in the room provided by the court for deliberation. (b) Not permit any person to communicate at all with the jury or with any of its members. (c) Not communicate himself with the jury or any of its members on any matter connected with the prosecution.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-140/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 140 - JURY; DELIBERATION; USE OF EVIDENCE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 140 - JURY; DELIBERATION; USE OF EVIDENCE	Upon retiring for deliberation, the jury may take with them all papers or objects that have been received as evidence, except the depositions.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-141/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 141 - JURY; DELIBERATION; RETURN TO COURT AT THEIR REQUEST	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 141 - JURY; DELIBERATION; RETURN TO COURT AT THEIR REQUEST	After the jury has retired for deliberation, if there is any disagreement or doubt between the jurors as to the testimony, or if they desire to be informed on any point of law arising in the cause, they must require the officer in charge to conduct them into court. Upon being brought into court, the information required must be given after notifying the prosecuting attorney and the defendant or his attorney.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-142/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 142 - JURY; DELIBERATION; RETURN TO THE COURT AT THE REQUEST OF THE COURT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 142 - JURY; DELIBERATION; RETURN TO THE COURT AT THE REQUEST OF THE COURT	After the jury has retired for deliberation, the court may order it to return into court in order to correct any erroneous instruction or to give additional instructions. Such instructions shall be given to the jury only after the prosecuting attorney, the defendant or his attorney have been notified of the court’s decision to correct or enlarge its instructions to the jury.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-143/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 143 - JURY; DELIBERATION; OPEN COURT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 143 - JURY; DELIBERATION; OPEN COURT	While the jury is deliberating, the court shall be considered open for every purpose connected with the cause submitted to the jury.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-144/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 144 - JURY; DISCHARGE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 144 - JURY; DISCHARGE	The court may order the jury to be discharged before verdict in the following cases: (a) If before the jury retires to deliberate, progress of the trial is prevented by reason of sickness or death of one of the members of the jury, unless the court decides to administer oath to another juror in substitution of the former and commence a new trial. (b) If after the jury retires to deliberate, the progress of the trial should be prevented by reason of sickness or death of a member of the jury, an accident or any other cause to prevent their being kept together. (c) If deliberation extends for a length of time that the court may deem sufficient to conclude clearly and manifestly that there is no possibility that the jury can agree. (d) If any error or irregularity should have been committed during the trial which in the opinion of the court precludes the jury from returning a fair and impartial verdict. (e) For any other cause by consent of the parties. In all cases where a jury is discharged under the provisions of these Rules, the cause may be tried again.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-145/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 145 - JURY; VERDICT; RETURN	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 145 - JURY; VERDICT; RETURN	When the jury have agreed upon their verdict, they must be conducted into court under the custody of the marshal, and the foreman of said jury shall deliver the verdict in writing to the clerk of the court who shall deliver it to the judge. The court shall ask the foreman of the jury if said verdict is the verdict of the jury and how many voted in favor. If the forman of the jury answers in the affirmative and the verdict returned is pursuant to law, it shall be accepted by the court and read by the clerk.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-146/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 146 - JURY; VERDICT; FORM	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 146 - JURY; VERDICT; FORM	The verdict shall find the defendant “guilty” or “not guilty” or “not guilty by reason of insanity.” It shall not be necessary to use those words strictly but the intention of the jury should be made clear. If the verdict of guilty refers to a crime with different degrees or to a crime with other lesser offenses necessarily included in the higher offense, the verdict shall specify the degree or the lesser offense of which the defendant is found guilty. Where the jury must determine whether or not a previous conviction exists and the verdict returned is guilty, it shall also state if the charge of previous conviction is true or not. In all cases the verdict shall state the number of jurors who concurred.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-147/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 147 - JURY; VERDICT; CONVICTION OF LESSER OFFENSE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 147 - JURY; VERDICT; CONVICTION OF LESSER OFFENSE	The defendant may be found guilty of any lesser offense the commission of which is necessarily included in that with which he is charged; or of a lesser offense than that with which he is charged; or of an attempt to commit either the offense charged or any offense the commission of which is necessarily included therein, or of any degree thereof, if the attempt constitutes in itself, an offense.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-148/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 148 - JURY; VERDICT; RECONSIDERATION FOR MISTAKEN APPLICATION OF THE LAW	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 148 - JURY; VERDICT; RECONSIDERATION FOR MISTAKEN APPLICATION OF THE LAW	When there is a verdict of conviction in which it appears to the court that the jury has mistaken the law, the presiding judge may explain to the jury his reasons and order them to reconsider their verdict. If, after reconsideration, they return the same verdict, it shall be accepted by the court. Nothing contained herein shall apply to a verdict of acquittal which shall always be accepted by the court.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-149/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 149 - JURY; RECONSIDERATION OF DEFECTIVE VERDICT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 149 - JURY; RECONSIDERATION OF DEFECTIVE VERDICT	If the verdict should be so defective that the court should be unable to determine the intention of the jury to acquit or convict the defendant of the offense under which the defendant might be convicted pursuant to the information, or be unable to determine of what count or counts the jury wished to acquit or convict the defendant, the court may charge the jury to reconsider said verdict and state plainly their intention. But if the jury persists in returning an informal verdict, said verdict shall be accepted and the court must give judgment of acquittal.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-150/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 150 - JURY; PARTIAL VERDICT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 150 - JURY; PARTIAL VERDICT	The jury may render a verdict or as many verdicts as may be necessary with regard to one or more of the counts of the information or with regard to one or more of the defendants included therein as to whose guilt or innocence they agree. If the jury cannot agree upon a verdict with regard to a count or a defendant, the court may order a new trial for said count or said defendant.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-151/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 151 - JURY; VERIFICATION OF THE VERDICT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 151 - JURY; VERIFICATION OF THE VERDICT	When a verdict is rendered, the jury may be polled at the request of either party or on the court’s own motion. If as the result of this poll, it is determined that the verdict was not rendered by at least nine (9) jurors, the jury must be sent out for further deliberation or it may be discharged.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-151-1/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule § 151.1 - TRIAL; CONFESSION OF DEFENDANT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule § 151.1 - TRIAL; CONFESSION OF DEFENDANT	Upon a trial by jury, all questions of fact and of law referring to the confession of a defendant shall be heard and decided exclusively by the judge, in the absence of the jury, and the judge shall either admit such confession in evidence or reject it. This provision shall not have the effect of precluding defendant from introducing to the jury, and the adverse party from challenging, pertinent evidence relating to the weight or credibility of the confession, and to the circumstances under which the confession was obtained. History —Added on June 30, 1964, eff. 60 days after May 31, 1965.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-152/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 152 - TRIAL; CONSPIRACY; OVERT ACTS	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 152 - TRIAL; CONSPIRACY; OVERT ACTS	Upon a trial for conspiracy, in a case where an overt act is necessary to constitute an offense, the defendant cannot be convicted unless one or more of said overt acts are expressly alleged in the information or complaint and one of the acts alleged is proven, but other overt acts not alleged may be proven.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-153/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 153 - TRIAL; BIGAMY; PROOF OF MARRIAGES	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 153 - TRIAL; BIGAMY; PROOF OF MARRIAGES	Upon a trial for bigamy, it is not necessary to prove either of the marriages by the records of the register, certificates, or any other official record evidence thereof, but the same may be proved by such evidence as is admissible to prove a marriage. Proof as to the place and time in which the second marriage took place, accompanied by authentic proof of cohabitation thereafter in Puerto Rico, shall be sufficient to sustain the charge.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-154/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 154 - TRIAL; EVIDENCE OF CORROBORATION	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 154 - TRIAL; EVIDENCE OF CORROBORATION	Upon trial for the crime of procuring or attempting to procure an abortion, or aiding or assisting therein, or for inveigling, enticing or for inducing or deceiving an unmarried female, under the age of twenty-one (21) years, until then reputed to be chaste, to enter a house of ill repute or any other place for the purpose of prostitut[ing] her or aiding or assisting therein or for having unlawful carnal relationship with any man, or upon trial for seduction under the promise of marriage, the defendant cannot be convicted upon the sole testimony of the aggrieved woman unless such testimony is corroborated with some evidence which by itself tends to establish the relationship of the accused with the commission of the crime. This corroboration shall not be sufficient if it only proves the perpetration of the crime, or the circumstances thereof. History —July 23, 1974, No. 209, Part 2, p. 114; Nov. 11, 1994, No. 123, § 1.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-154-1/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 154.1 - TRIAL; EVIDENCE OF PREVIOUS CONDUCT	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 154.1 - TRIAL; EVIDENCE OF PREVIOUS CONDUCT	No evidence shall be admitted in any proceedings for the crime of rape or attempted rape, with regard to the previous sexual behavior or record of the victim, or any evidence of opinion or reputation regarding said sexual behavior or record, for the purpose of challenging her credibility or to establish her consent, unless there are special circumstances that indicate that such evidence is relevant and that its defamatory or harmful nature shall not have a heavier weight than its probatory value. If the accused offers to give evidence about the sexual behavior or record of the victim, or evidence of opinion or reputation with regard to such sexual behavior or record, under the exception of special circumstances, the following procedure shall be complied with: (a) The accused shall present a sworn and a written motion to the court and to the Attorney General, indicating the evidence to be offered and its relevance to challenge the credibility or to establish the consent of the victim. Said motion shall be presented five days before the trial, unless there is no opportunity to do so or the accused had no information to support said motion. (b) If the court determines that said evidence is satisfactory, a hearing shall be held in private and in absence of the jury. In said hearing the victim may be interrogated in relation to the evidence to be presented by the accused. (c) If the court determines at the conclusion of the hearing that the evidence to be presented by the accused is relevant, and that its defamatory and injurious nature shall not have a heavier weight than its probatory value, it shall issue an order indicating the evidence that may be presented by the accused and the type of questions allowed. The accused may then give evidence according to the court order. History —Added on Feb. 1, 1979, No. 6, p. 12.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-155/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 155 - TRIAL; CORROBORATION IN CASES OF FRAUD	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 155 - TRIAL; CORROBORATION IN CASES OF FRAUD	Upon a trial for having obtained, with an intent to cheat or defraud another, by any false pretenses, the signature of any person to a written instrument, or having obtained from any person any money, personal property or valuable thing, the defendant shall not be convicted if the false pretense was expressed in language unaccompanied by a false token or writing, unless the pretense, or some note or memorandum thereof, is in writing, subscribed by or in the handwriting of the defendant, or unless the pretense is proven by the testimony of two witnesses, or that of one witness and corroborating circumstances. But this Rule shall not apply to a prosecution for false pretenses or personating another for the purposes of marrying or of receiving any money or property in such assumed character.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-156/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 156 - TRIAL; TESTIMONY OF ACCESSORY OR ACCOMPLICE	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 156 - TRIAL; TESTIMONY OF ACCESSORY OR ACCOMPLICE	The testimony of an accessory or accomplice shall be examined with distrust and given the weight the judge or the jury deems proper after examining the same with caution in the light of all the evidence submitted in the case. In jury cases the jury shall be given instructions to that effect. History —July 23, 1974, No. 208, Part 2, p. 112; Sept. 15, 2004, No. 317, § 11.
https://law.justia.com/codes/puerto-rico/title-thirty-four-appendix/ii/chapter-xi/rule-157/	PR	Justia›US Law›US Codes and Statutes›Laws of Puerto Rico›2023 Laws of Puerto Rico›TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173)›II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173)›Chapter XI - TRIAL›Rule 157 - TRIAL; MURDER; BURDEN OF PROOF	2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-FOUR Appendix - Rules of Court (§§ 10.5 — 173) › II - Rules of Criminal Procedure (§ 173) › Chapter XI - TRIAL › Rule 157 - TRIAL; MURDER; BURDEN OF PROOF	Upon a trial for murder, once it is proven that the death was caused by the defendant, the burden of proving circumstances of mitigation, or that justify or excuse it, devolves upon him, unless the proof on the part of The People tends to show that the crime committed only amounts to manslaughter or that the defendant was justified or excused in committing it.