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2025-11-01 19:08:18
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⌀
77,818,659
13,396,497
Read first two and last rows based on 2 columns
<p>I have a dataframe :</p> <pre><code>dfs = pd.read_csv(StringIO(&quot;&quot;&quot; datetime ID C_1 C_2 C_3 C_4 C_5 C_6 &quot;18/06/2023 3:51:50&quot; 136 101 2024 89 4 3 13 &quot;18/06/2023 3:51:52&quot; 136 101 2028 61 4 3 18 &quot;18/06/2023 3:51:53&quot; 24 101 2029 65 0 ...
<python><pandas>
2024-01-15 09:05:22
1
347
RKIDEV
77,818,549
3,909,896
Read value with hidden carriage return in boolean field as boolean
<p>I'm trying to read (dirty) CSV files from a cloud storage with PySpark which have <code>&lt;boolean&gt;\r</code> values at the end of the line sometimes. This is not always the case, the column also contains correct booleans or even nothing (=null).</p> <p>I get a schema from another place which specifies the colum...
<python><csv><pyspark>
2024-01-15 08:44:10
1
3,013
Cribber
77,818,509
1,055,817
ReadTheDocs Sphinx build failing due to version error
<p>I've created a documentation for python library that I released last December. <a href="https://monalysa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://monalysa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/</a></p> <p>GitHub Repository: <a href="https://github.com/siva82kb/monalysa/tree/main" rel="nofollow noreferrer">htt...
<python><python-sphinx><read-the-docs>
2024-01-15 08:34:38
1
1,942
siva82kb
77,818,152
11,922,237
How to remove Jupyter + all its components completely (As if it never existed)
<p>After I totally messed up my base (root) environment and the Jupyter installation within, I want to install it from scratch. To do so, I need to remove it entirely from my system. I tried the solutions recommended in <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33052232/how-to-uninstall-jupyter">this thread</a> but ...
<python><jupyter-notebook><jupyter><jupyter-lab>
2024-01-15 07:12:34
1
1,966
Bex T.
77,817,773
6,676,101
Why would the `plot` method of the `matplotlib` library return an empty list?
<p>I was hoping to make two different plots using <code>matplotlib</code>.</p> <pre class="lang-python prettyprint-override"><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as pltlib import numpy as np x1 = np.arange(1, 5, 0.1) y1 = np.sin(x1) x2 = np.arange(1, 5, 0.1) y2 = np.log10(x2) plot1 = pltlib.plot() plot2 = pltlib.plot(x2,...
<python><matplotlib>
2024-01-15 05:10:15
2
4,700
Toothpick Anemone
77,817,609
10,844,607
Cloud Function can't call PostgreSQL multiple times at once, unless test queries are run first
<p>Edit: The answer to this was a bit complicated. The tl;dr is make sure you do <a href="https://cloud.google.com/functions/docs/samples/functions-tips-lazy-globals#functions_tips_lazy_globals-python" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Lazy Loading</a> properly; many of the variables declared in the code below were declared an...
<python><flask><sqlalchemy><google-cloud-functions><google-cloud-sql>
2024-01-15 03:48:40
2
5,694
Dr-Bracket
77,817,496
4,451,521
argparse with a pair of floats
<p>Is there an elegant way to introduce a pair of floats using argparse?</p> <p>I know I can use both separately and later process them to convert them into a numpy array of two floats, or even I have been suggested to enter the pair as a string and convert them to numbers but both seem ugly and unnecessary.</p> <p>Is ...
<python><argparse>
2024-01-15 02:59:25
0
10,576
KansaiRobot
77,817,356
10,693,596
How to correctly define a classmethod that accesses a value of a mangled child attribute?
<p>In Python, how do I correctly define a classmethod of a parent class that references an attribute of a child class?</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from enum import Enum class LabelledEnum(Enum): @classmethod def list_labels(cls): return list(l for c, l in cls.__labels.items()) ...
<python><enums><python-class>
2024-01-15 01:59:08
3
16,692
SultanOrazbayev
77,817,085
2,249,815
Python 3.X exec + compile - pass command line arguments
<p>I see answers on how to pass command line arguments to exec but not if compile is nestled inside.</p> <p>Provided with the code:</p> <pre><code>filename = 'C:\\temp\\script.py' exec(compile(open(filename).read(),filename, 'exec')) </code></pre> <p><strong>How can I pass command line arguments or input to the calling...
<python><python-3.x><blender>
2024-01-14 23:34:59
1
4,653
Jebathon
77,816,808
9,582,542
Scrapy Collecting Data From Table
<p>I dont get errors from the script below but this script returns no data. I am trying to get all the games for each of the weeks which start in table 4 in the html. When I enter the xpath commands in the scrapy shell I get data but once I put in the parse definition I dont get anything in return.</p> <pre><code>impor...
<python><scrapy>
2024-01-14 21:45:59
2
690
Leo Torres
77,816,676
6,753,182
Is it possible to immediately interrupt the AsyncIO event loop upon task completion?
<p>Take a look at the following simple program:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import asyncio def callback(_): loop = asyncio.get_running_loop() loop.stop() async def echo(msg): print(msg) async def main(): loop = asyncio.get_running_loop() taskA = loop.create_task(echo(...
<python><python-asyncio><event-loop>
2024-01-14 20:57:05
1
3,290
FirefoxMetzger
77,816,072
998,248
How does pyright retain argument type information with `partial`?
<p>Take this simple example</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from functools import partial def foo(a: str, b: int, c: float, d:str) -&gt; bool: print(a, b, c, d) return True bar = partial(foo, 'a', 1, 2.0) bar() # error </code></pre> <p>Pyright can correctly identify that <code>bar</code> ...
<python><python-typing><pyright>
2024-01-14 17:43:32
1
2,791
Anthony Naddeo
77,815,953
17,835,120
Autogen connecting to config file errors
<p>Errors connecting to config files for models using autogen, seems to be dependent on the python code I am executing.</p> <p>My goal is to have one config file that will work for any autogen project.</p> <p>I'm able to get execute a basic conversation between <code>assistant</code> and <code>user_proxy</code> a but a...
<python><configuration><artificial-intelligence><openai-api><ms-autogen>
2024-01-14 17:06:36
0
457
MMsmithH
77,815,874
4,105,440
Placing images in an already existing matplotlib axis side by side
<p>Starting from an already existing matplotlib figure I added a footer by appending a small axis to the bottom. The idea is to fill this footer with an arbitrary number of logos. I want to place the logos side by side (separated by a user controllable pad parameter) so that they fill the footer in height, thus computi...
<python><matplotlib>
2024-01-14 16:46:43
1
673
Droid
77,815,745
11,748,924
Preventing multiple runs of a cell in google colaboratory
<p>Here is I define <code>run_once</code> cell magic in order to prevent multiple output in same code in google colaboratory. If it's happen while code is not changed, it will display history output without actual computation like first run.</p> <pre><code>#@title Mendefinisikan Fungsi `run_once` from IPython.core.magi...
<python><jupyter-notebook><jupyter><google-colaboratory>
2024-01-14 16:09:22
1
1,252
Muhammad Ikhwan Perwira
77,815,725
2,991,243
Unmasking adds an extra whitespace for BPE tokenizer
<p>I created a custom BPE tokenizer for pre-training a Roberta model, utilizing the following parameters (I tried to align it with the default parameters of BPE for RoBERTa.):</p> <pre><code>from tokenizers.models import BPE from tokenizers import ByteLevelBPETokenizer from tokenizers.processors import RobertaProcessin...
<python><huggingface-transformers><tokenize><huggingface><huggingface-tokenizers>
2024-01-14 16:03:00
1
3,823
Eghbal
77,815,713
1,208,142
Accessing element in web page using Selenium with Python
<p>I can't seem to be able to scrape the description on this page: <a href="https://www.centris.ca/fr/condo-appartement%7Ea-louer%7Ebrossard/17307615?view=Summary&amp;uc=6" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.centris.ca/fr/condo-appartement~a-louer~brossard/17307615?view=Summary&amp;uc=6</a></p> <p>With this selector...
<python><selenium-webdriver>
2024-01-14 15:59:00
3
5,347
Lucien S.
77,815,644
14,954,262
For loop with random number of conditions
<p>I have this code for filtering lists in Python:</p> <pre><code>column_to_check_for_include = [ 1, 2, ] # random result possible , could as well be [0] or [0,1,2] or whatever column_to_check_for_exclude = [ 0, 2, 3, ] # random result possible , could as well be [0] or [0,1,2] or whatever conte...
<python><for-loop><random>
2024-01-14 15:37:22
1
399
Nico44044
77,815,379
639,676
How to speed up data exchange between Python processes?
<p>I'm using Python's <code>multiprocessing</code> module for parallel processing of tasks. My goal is to have multiple processes work cooperatively on a set of tasks as efficiently as possible. To avoid duplicating work, I'm using a shared dictionary to track completed tasks. If a task is already completed by one proc...
<python><python-3.x><multiprocessing>
2024-01-14 14:17:23
0
4,143
Oleg Dats
77,815,182
10,544,569
In python how to update node at jsonpath with filter?
<p>I want to update node at json path with filtering (e.g. json path with such part &quot;[@.field]&quot;).</p> <p>My current attempts with jsonpath_ng failed:</p> <pre><code>import jsonpath_ng.ext import jsonpath_ng from hashlib import md5 # try several ways to transform {&quot;a&quot;: {&quot;b&quot;: &quot;c&quot;}...
<python><jsonpath>
2024-01-14 13:18:08
1
1,325
IndustryUser1942
77,815,033
726,730
Python Aiortc Video delay (after some seconds remote video is frozzen
<p>I am trying to connect a browser peer with a server python peer.</p> <p>The code I use to stream server video is:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code> def create_local_tracks(self): global relay, webcam options = {&quot;video_size&quot;: &quot;640x480&quot;} if relay i...
<python><webrtc><aiortc>
2024-01-14 12:27:52
0
2,427
Chris P
77,815,006
1,473,517
Find the optimal shift for max circle sum
<p>I have an n by n grid of integers which sits in an infinite grid and I want to find the circular area, with origin at (x, x) (notice that both dimensions are equal), with maximum sum. I assume that x &lt;= 0. Here is an illustration with n=10 of two circles with different centers and different radii. Only one qua...
<python><algorithm><performance><math><optimization>
2024-01-14 12:18:45
1
21,513
Simd
77,814,939
5,798,365
Double elements of a list with specific indices stored in another list
<p>I have this list:</p> <pre><code>L=[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90] </code></pre> <p>and a list of indices of the elements that should be doubled, for example:</p> <pre><code>dbl_indices = [0, 2, 5] </code></pre> <p>which should turn my list into:</p> <pre><code>[20, 20, 60, 40, 50, 120, 70, 80, 90] </code></pre...
<python>
2024-01-14 11:57:54
2
861
alekscooper
77,814,924
1,351,182
How can I explicitly free numpy array memory?
<p>How can I explicitly free the memory associated with a <code>numpy</code> array?</p> <p>As usual on Stackexchange, there are numerous questions with more-or-less the same title, but with no correct answer.</p> <p>Here is an example of the problem:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import numpy as n...
<python><numpy><memory-management>
2024-01-14 11:53:24
3
924
Myridium
77,814,729
1,473,517
How to emphasise a part of a circle in matplotlib
<p>I have the following code:</p> <pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.patches import Circle import numpy as np plt.yticks(np.arange(-10, 10.01, 1)) plt.xticks(np.arange(-10, 10.01, 1)) plt.xlim(-10,9) plt.ylim(-10,9) plt.gca().invert_yaxis() # Set aspect ratio to be equal plt.gca().set_aspect('eq...
<python><matplotlib>
2024-01-14 10:48:52
1
21,513
Simd
77,814,353
4,872,985
Repeating values on recursive sudoku solver in python
<p>I'm trying to make a sudoku solver using recursion by storing possible values in a dictionary with index as key and the set of possible values as value. Parameter b is just the board expressed as a single list, and .get_row, .get_col, .get_box methods return their respective values properly. If an entry in the dicti...
<python><algorithm><sudoku>
2024-01-14 08:29:31
1
616
Fabio Olivetto
77,814,328
5,459,343
Consistent characters with DALL E-3 and python API
<p>How can I generate consistent characters across multiple images using the OpenAI Python API for DALL-E 3? I've successfully achieved this by directly prompting the model on the OpenAI website (e.g., by referencing a seed number), but I'm uncertain about replicating the same behavior through the API. Any guidance or ...
<python><openai-api><image-generation>
2024-01-14 08:18:57
0
573
J.K.
77,814,327
5,798,365
Sorting in the ascending and then in the descending order in Python without negation
<p>I have this list:</p> <pre><code>L = [(1, 'a'), (4, 'k'), (3, 'p'), (3, 'q'), (2, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (1, 'z')] </code></pre> <p>which I want to sort in the ascending order by the 0th element of each tuple and <em>then</em> in the descending order by the 1st one. What's the way to do that?</p> <p>I could use the general...
<python><sorting>
2024-01-14 08:18:48
2
861
alekscooper
77,814,292
4,281,998
Sqlalchemy: for loop over related collection skips items
<p>I'm trying to iterate through a related collection (<code>user.addresses</code> below), and disassociate all of them from the parent <code>User</code>. When I set a breakpoint in the loop, my debugger shows the collection has say 3 items, but advancing execution may only hit the breakpoint one more time. In all of m...
<python><sqlalchemy><python-asyncio>
2024-01-14 08:02:26
1
3,611
Brady Dean
77,814,150
2,964,170
How to find the next element using Python Selenium
<pre><code> browser.find_element(By.ID,'thread-0-list') browser.find_element(By.ID,'tpz_body') browser.find_element(By.ID,'view') browser.find_element(By.ID,'topaz') browser.find_element(By.ID,'X1') browser.find_element('id','X4') ...
<python><selenium-webdriver><selenium-chromedriver>
2024-01-14 06:41:57
2
425
Vas
77,813,880
1,397,922
How to hide fields in order_line based on some value of their parent (order_id) in Odoo v16?
<p>Is there any way to hide some fields in purchase order line based on some conditions/value of their parent (order_id). I've tried this way:</p> <pre><code>&lt;field name=&quot;price_subtotal&quot; attrs=&quot;{'invisible': [('order_id.currency_id.name', '=', 'IDR')]}&quot;/&gt; </code></pre> <p>But unfortunately, th...
<python><xml><odoo>
2024-01-14 03:47:54
1
550
Andromeda
77,813,551
5,896,591
Python2.7: How to create a new StreamHandler without losing the module name on each output line?
<p>I want to replace the default <code>StreamHandler</code>, to redirect output to a different stream. However, when I create a new <code>StreamHandler</code>, the module name no longer appears in logging output:</p> <pre><code>import logging logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO) LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)...
<python><python-2.7><logging><python-logging>
2024-01-14 00:13:36
1
4,630
personal_cloud
77,813,470
13,281,808
Django rest framework is providing the wrong parameters to custom permission class
<p>I'm having an issue where Django Rest Framework's custom permission system is treating my custom permissions' methods like they are <code>classmethods</code> or <code>staticmethods</code>.</p> <p>When hitting a breakpoint in the permission method:</p> <pre><code>def has_permission(self, request, view=None): </code><...
<python><django><django-rest-framework><permissions>
2024-01-13 23:29:26
1
379
NateOnGuitar
77,813,441
2,056,201
Cannot activate venv while debugging in Visual Studio Code
<p>I am able to activate the venv in terminal from VSCode in the console using <code>venv/Scripts/activate</code> command.</p> <p>I can run the python script in the terminal</p> <p>But when I try to Debug the same script in VSCode, it does not run in the Venv and I get missing dependency errors.</p> <p>What are the st...
<python><windows><visual-studio-code>
2024-01-13 23:16:55
2
3,706
Mich
77,813,013
15,452,898
Create subsets in Python based on special conditions
<p>I am currently doing some data manipulation procedures and have run into a problem of how to make subsets based on special conditions.</p> <p>My example (dataframe) is like this:</p> <pre><code>Name ID ContractDate LoanSum DurationOfDelay A ID1 2023-01-01 10 0 A ID1 2023-01-03 15 ...
<python><dataframe><pyspark><filtering><data-manipulation>
2024-01-13 20:37:27
1
333
lenpyspanacb
77,812,660
893,254
Why does the presence of the Global Interpreter Lock not prevent data corruption issues when using thread shared state?
<p>I am trying to understand exactly what the Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) in Python protects, and what it does not protect.</p> <p>An example code which demonstrates an answer to this question would be useful. I can't create such a thing myself, because I do not fully understand what state the GIL protects and what i...
<python><multithreading><gil>
2024-01-13 18:37:18
1
18,579
user2138149
77,812,632
11,357,623
factory pattern with lambda
<p>How would you create a factory based method using lambda?</p> <p>function signature looks like this. Factory gets a string parameter and returns the instance.</p> <pre><code>class Foo: @abstractmethod def store(factory: Callable[[str], Bar]) obj = factory(&quot;abc&quot;) # store or call to get insta...
<python><factory>
2024-01-13 18:28:00
1
2,180
AppDeveloper
77,812,285
13,968,392
column order relevant in df.to_sql(if_exists="append")?
<p>I was wondering, whether <code>df.to_sql(&quot;db_table&quot;, con=some_engine, if_exists=&quot;append&quot;)</code> requires that the order of the columns of <code>df</code> (a dataframe) and <code>db_table</code> (a database table) has to be the same. There is nothing about it in the <a href="https://pandas.pydata...
<python><sql><pandas><pandas-to-sql>
2024-01-13 16:53:39
1
2,117
mouwsy
77,812,185
3,123,290
Accessing Eager-Loaded Relationships When Lazy Loading in Async Sqlalchemy
<p>Asyncio Sqlalchemy has the nifty <code>awaitable_attrs</code> that allows you to lazy load relationships you might otherwise be forced to eager load. However, when you <em>do</em> lazy load relationship objects, those objects do not appear to execute their respective relationship loading strategies. For example:</p>...
<python><sqlalchemy><python-asyncio>
2024-01-13 16:25:55
1
778
EthanK
77,812,156
2,779,432
Reassign dictionary key values
<p>I have this dictionary</p> <pre><code>brands = { 1: 'BPR Performance Rimfire', 2: 'M22', 3: 'M22 Subsonic', 4: 'Super Suppressed', 5: 'Super X', 6: 'USA', 7: 'Varmint HE', 8: 'Varmint LF', 9: 'Wildcat', 10: 'Xpert', } </code></pre> <p>and depending on some user selection I want to display a subset of this dictionary...
<python><dictionary>
2024-01-13 16:16:32
1
501
Francesco
77,811,984
2,437,508
python - can't come back when reaching EOF when using less as a pager
<p>I am using <code>less</code> as a pager so that output of the application can be read easily. I create the subprocess like this:</p> <pre><code>a_process = subprocess.Popen([&quot;less&quot;], stdin=subprocess.PIPE) </code></pre> <p>Then I write into the pager like this (multiple lines):</p> <pre><code>a_process.std...
<python><subprocess><less>
2024-01-13 15:28:41
1
31,374
eftshift0
77,811,879
5,177,326
How to match regex in contents from file in python?
<p>This forum is full of similar questions, so here is mine:</p> <pre><code>import re import subprocess rx = re.compile(&quot;(?m)^\(cpu\)\(.*\)&quot;) output = subprocess.run([&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;/proc/cpuinfo&quot;], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) lines = output.stdout.decode('utf-8') r = rx.search(lines) if r: p...
<python><regex>
2024-01-13 14:58:05
2
328
olh
77,811,835
7,478,525
How to configure two microservices using Python (uvicorn/fastapi/requests) to call each other in one use case?
<p>I have two microservices. Let's name them <code>service1</code> and <code>service2</code>. I have implemened an endpoint on <code>service1</code> which calls an endpoint from <code>service2</code>. To fullfill this request, an endpoint from <code>service2</code> needs some data from <code>service1</code>, so <strong...
<python><rest><microservices><fastapi><uvicorn>
2024-01-13 14:46:50
1
783
westman379
77,811,591
1,186,421
Django 5 signal asend: unhashable type list
<p>Trying to make a short example with django 5 async signal. Here is the code:</p> <p>View:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>async def confirm_email_async(request, code): await user_registered_async.asend( sender=User, ) return JsonResponse({&quot;status&quot;: &quot;ok&quot;}) <...
<python><django><python-asyncio><django-signals>
2024-01-13 13:31:18
1
2,673
KaronatoR
77,811,394
15,671,866
Buffer overflow script using subprocess
<p>This is my <code>vuln.c</code> code:</p> <pre class="lang-c prettyprint-override"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt; #include &lt;unistd.h&gt; // this function is added because I need that sequence of assembly istructions in the binary file void oh_look_useful() { asm(&quot;pop %rdi; ret&quot;); } int vuln() { ...
<python><c><subprocess><buffer-overflow>
2024-01-13 12:21:55
0
585
ma4stro
77,810,920
1,473,517
How to find pair of subarrays with maximal sum
<p>Given an array of integers, I can find the maximal subarray sum using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_subarray_problem" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Kadane's algorithm</a>. In code this looks like:</p> <pre><code>def kadane(arr, n): # initialize subarray_sum, max_subarray_sum and subarray_sum = 0...
<python><algorithm><performance>
2024-01-13 09:25:51
2
21,513
Simd
77,810,703
3,337,089
Loading video using scikit-video latest version and numpy latest version gives numpy has no float attribute error
<p>I have installed the latest version of <code>scikit-video=1.1.11</code> and the latest version of <code>numpy=1.26.1</code>. When trying to load a video as</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; import skvideo.io &gt;&gt;&gt; skvideo.io.vread('video_path.mp4') </code></pre> <p>I get the following error</p> <pre><code>Traceback...
<python><numpy><video><scikits>
2024-01-13 07:56:47
1
7,307
Nagabhushan S N
77,810,665
10,896,941
Is it possible to make non-first tab selected in PySimpleGUI window startup?
<pre><code>window = sg.Window(&quot;foobar&quot;, layout, margins=(2, 2), finalize=True) window.Element('-ENCR_TAB-').Select() </code></pre> <p>What I see is that the first tab is selected and only after a little while the '-ENCR_TAB-' (the second tab) is selected as expected. Is it possible to have it selected by defa...
<python><user-interface><pysimplegui>
2024-01-13 07:42:44
2
410
Jiri B
77,810,565
6,202,327
Pymeshlab claiming files are not present when they are?
<p>I have two pymeshlab scripts:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import os import argparse import pymeshlab from collections import Counter def load_mesh(file_path): ms = pymeshlab.MeshSet() ms.load_new_mesh(file_path) measures = ms.get_topological_measures() print(measures) d...
<python><geometry><mesh><pymeshlab>
2024-01-13 06:53:25
0
9,951
Makogan
77,810,548
3,547,851
Langchain model to extract key information from pdf
<p>I was looking for a solution to extract <strong>key information</strong> from pdf based on my instruction.</p> <p>Here's what I've done:</p> <ol> <li>Extract the pdf text using ocr</li> <li>Use langchain splitter , CharacterTextSplitter, to split the text into chunks</li> <li>Use Langchain, FAISS, OpenAIEmbedding to...
<python><openai-api><langchain><chatgpt-api><chat-gpt-4>
2024-01-13 06:43:17
0
1,143
Webster
77,810,507
8,211,382
How to browse the message based on MsgId or CorrelId from queue in pymqi
<pre><code>import pymqi queue_manager = 'QM1' channel = 'DEV.APP.SVRCONN' host = '127.0.0.1' port = '1414' queue_name = 'TEST.1' message = 'Hello from Python 2!' conn_info = '%s(%s)' % (host, port) </code></pre> <p>First I did the PUT operation like the below code and I worked fine. I put for more 2000 messages</p> <p...
<python><ibm-mq><pymqi>
2024-01-13 06:25:05
2
450
user_123
77,810,374
5,795,116
Empty pdf while scraping using Python and Selenium
<p>I'm facing an issue while attempting to print a PDF from a webpage using Selenium in Python. The webpage in question is <a href="https://jamabandi.nic.in/land%20records/NakalRecord" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://jamabandi.nic.in/land%20records/NakalRecord</a>. I'm trying to select the first record from each drop...
<python><pandas><web-scraping><selenium-chromedriver><webdriver>
2024-01-13 05:15:30
1
327
jatin rajani
77,810,274
11,748,924
`%%capture` jupyter notebook or colab doesn't work for storing cell output that display image or table pandas
<p>I have read docs about <code>%%capture cap</code>. It only work for text representation. I expect it stored everything what has been displayed into cell output; image, table, even html element.</p> <p>And then I can load it into another cell with same identical output:</p> <h1>CELL_A</h1> <pre><code>%%capture cap i...
<python><matplotlib><jupyter-notebook><google-colaboratory><stdout>
2024-01-13 04:10:55
2
1,252
Muhammad Ikhwan Perwira
77,810,225
12,461,032
fastAPI multiple model file relationship causes circular dependency issue
<p>I am relatively new to fastAPI.</p> <p>I am developing a set of APIs. To make my project better structured, I separated my model into multiple files. For now, I have an Employee and Skills table. There is a one to many relationship from employee to skills, where each employee can have multiple skills which are tied ...
<python><fastapi><circular-dependency>
2024-01-13 03:31:26
1
472
m0ss
77,810,105
3,973,175
python3's adjust_text is moving text badly
<p>I have overlapping text from my script:</p> <pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from adjustText import adjust_text x = [12,471,336,1300] y = [2,5,4,11] z = [0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4] im = plt.scatter(x, y, c = z, cmap = &quot;gist_rainbow&quot;, alpha = 0.5) plt.colorbar(im) texts = [] texts.append(plt.text(783, 7.623...
<python><python-3.x><matplotlib>
2024-01-13 02:23:50
1
6,227
con
77,810,074
6,423,456
How can I maintain an async CosmosDB connection pool in a FastAPI app?
<p>I have a FastAPI app that uses the <code>azure-cosmos</code> library to store data in a CosmosDB. I'm expecting to have a ton of traffic, so I want to create a pool of async CosmosDB clients.</p> <p>Is that something the azure-cosmos library supports? I can't seem to find any examples of using a connection pool for ...
<python><azure-cosmosdb><fastapi>
2024-01-13 02:06:58
2
2,774
John
77,810,045
214,526
How to set important features as attribute on XGBRegressor and save as part of json while saving the model
<p>I have trained a <code>XGBRegressor</code> model. Now, I am trying to save the important features as attribute on the model and want that the attribute gets saved/restored along with the model.</p> <p>I have 2 issues here -</p> <p>1.</p> <pre><code>regressor.fit(X=X_train, y=y_train, eval_set=[(X_train, y_train), (X...
<python><python-3.x><xgboost><xgbregressor>
2024-01-13 01:47:43
2
911
soumeng78
77,809,859
2,537,486
Change the type of a column multi-index level?
<p>I am reading a <code>.csv</code> file that looks like this:</p> <pre><code>,1,1,2,2,3,3... ,'A','B','A','B',... 0,1,2,3,4,... 1,2,3,4,5,... </code></pre> <p>I read this with <code>df = pd.read_csv(fname,header=[0,1],index_col=0)</code></p> <p>Now, deplorably, pandas sets the dtype of the first level of the column mu...
<python><pandas><csv><multi-index>
2024-01-13 00:04:42
2
1,749
germ
77,809,714
7,809,915
Get page with requests without response or status code
<p>I use the following source code:</p> <pre><code>import requests url = &quot;https://www.baha.com/nasdaq-100-index/index/tts-751307/name/asc/1/index/performance/471&quot; web = requests.get(url) print(web.status_code) url = &quot;https://www.baha.com/adobe/stocks/details/tts-117450574&quot; web = requests.get(url)...
<python><python-3.x><python-requests><python-requests-html>
2024-01-12 23:11:43
1
490
M14
77,809,695
2,474,876
partial() on python types?
<p>I often use type hints to help document code &amp; occasionally when the type signatures are too complex &amp; repeatedly used I alias them like this:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>MyType = Dict[Tuple[int,...], float] # ex: cluster &amp; score. </code></pre> <p>Is there a way in python to para...
<python><generics><python-typing><type-alias>
2024-01-12 23:04:49
1
417
eliangius
77,809,648
5,960,363
VS Code uses wrong interpreter with Poetry and Docker
<h2>Question</h2> <p>How can I get VS Code to default to my poetry interpreter?</p> <h2>Background</h2> <p>I'm working on a Python project in a dev container based on a Debian image, with the Python extension installed in the container. I use Poetry for dependency management. For debug simplicity I'm running as root.</...
<python><docker><visual-studio-code><python-poetry><vscode-remote>
2024-01-12 22:48:08
1
852
FlightPlan
77,809,634
573,082
How to create windows-based CUDA-enabled docker image?
<p>I'm new to docker. I created an executable from python script (with <code>pyinstaller</code>) that I want to run in docker container. That executable needs CUDA. I found CUDA-enabled image from <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/nvidia/cuda" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>. But, these images are for linux. I canno...
<python><windows><docker><dockerfile><cuda>
2024-01-12 22:44:15
1
14,501
theateist
77,809,536
709,439
How to store tabular data in Python, to be able to search using different indexes?
<p>I have a table of data, which I read from a database; something like:</p> <div class="s-table-container"> <table class="s-table"> <thead> <tr> <th>id</th> <th>name</th> <th>timestamp</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Alice</td> <td>324234234</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Bob</td> <td>756756746</td> </...
<python><python-3.x>
2024-01-12 22:17:03
1
17,761
MarcoS
77,809,501
9,092,563
ScrapyRT Port Unreachable in Kubernetes Docker Container Pod
<p>I'm experiencing difficulties in accessing a ScrapyRT service running on specific ports within a Kubernetes pod. My setup includes a Kubernetes cluster with a pod running a Scrapy application, which uses ScrapyRT to listen for incoming requests on designated ports. These requests are intended to trigger spiders on t...
<python><node.js><docker><kubernetes><scrapy>
2024-01-12 22:06:55
2
692
rom
77,809,483
1,873,689
MicroPython sleep_us lies?
<p>Working on another project I faced something weird in working with time.<br /> Especially with <code>time.ticks_us()</code>.</p> <p>I am using the ESP32 S2 module.</p> <p>Code:</p> <pre><code>from time import ticks_us, sleep_us for i in range(100): t2 = ticks_us() sleep_us(1) t = ticks_us() - t2 prin...
<python><time><esp32><micropython>
2024-01-12 22:01:06
2
1,301
aleXela
77,809,438
10,759,785
How to use Python's multiprocessing library to parallelize a for loop that iterates a depth array?
<p>I work with well log data that has different values related to different depths. Very often I need to iterate over the depths, performing calculations, and storing these values in a previously created array to create new well logs. It is something equivalent to the example below.</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np d...
<python><multithreading><numpy><performance><multiprocessing>
2024-01-12 21:49:39
1
331
Lucas Oliveira
77,809,386
119,527
How to capture all arguments after double dash (--) using argparse
<h2>Background</h2> <p>Many command-line utilities provide special handling for all arguments after a double dash (<code>--</code>). Examples:</p> <p><code>git diff</code>: All arguments after <code>--</code> are paths (which can start with <code>-</code>):</p> <pre><code>git diff [options] -- [path...] </code></pre> <...
<python><argparse>
2024-01-12 21:33:47
3
138,383
Jonathon Reinhart
77,809,374
21,305,238
How to specify a pyparsing expression that has two parts, the length of each may varies but their sum is fixed?
<p>I need to specify an expression that is defined as <code>a<sup><i>m</i></sup>b<sup><i>n</i></sup></code>, such that:</p> <ul> <li><code>m</code> + <code>n</code> = <code>t</code>; <code>t</code> is fixed</li> <li>0 &lt;= <code>m</code> &lt;= <code>t</code> - 1</li> <li>1 &lt;= <code>n</code> &lt;= <code>t</code></li...
<python><pyparsing>
2024-01-12 21:31:28
1
12,143
InSync
77,809,352
2,417,922
Why doesn't "np.equal" (Numpy) work for me when executing under PyCharm?
<p>I'm trying to understand some curious behavior running Python <strong>under PyCharm</strong>. Here's the code:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np s=&quot;aabaaaacaabc&quot; m=np.array( [ list( s ) ] * 3 ) print(&quot;m&quot;, m ) l=np.array([['a'],['b'],['c']] ) print( &quot;l&quot;, l ) x = np.equal( m, l ) </code><...
<python><numpy><pycharm>
2024-01-12 21:24:42
0
1,252
Mark Lavin
77,809,196
8,248,194
Getting Username/Password authentication is no longer supported. Migrate to API Tokens or Trusted Publishers instead
<p>When doing</p> <pre><code>python -m twine upload dist/* </code></pre> <p>in my computer I get:</p> <pre><code>Username/Password authentication is no longer supported. Migrate to API Tokens or Trusted Publishers instead. </code></pre> <p>I have in ~/pypirc the following data:</p> <pre><code>[distutils] index-server...
<python><pypi>
2024-01-12 20:38:17
1
2,581
David Masip
77,809,173
2,805,482
How overlay a image to specific part on another image in opencv
<p>I have below image and I want to overlay a black patch on the right most side of the image. So I am resizing the both the images to specific size in below code and get only the non white part of overlay and paste it over the specific x,y coordinates but not getting the expected results. I looked into <code>cv2.addWe...
<python><opencv><image-processing><transparency><alphablending>
2024-01-12 20:32:52
1
1,677
Explorer
77,809,095
896,112
Python syntactic sugar to generate identical instances of the same class?
<p>Let's say I have this simple class :</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class Person: def __init__(self, name, id): self.name = name self.id = id </code></pre> <p>and the following instances :</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>tom = Person('Tom', 12) dick = Pers...
<python>
2024-01-12 20:12:44
1
9,259
Carpetfizz
77,809,007
7,428,676
Importing pandas dataframe data to HubSpot CRM
<p>I need to send data which is in a pandas dataframe df. I need to import this data to Hubspot</p> <pre><code>from io import StringIO csv_data = StringIO() df.to_csv(csv_data, index=False) csv_data.seek(0) import requests import json # Your HubSpot API Key api_key = 'api_key' # HubSpot Import API endpoint endpoint =...
<python><pandas><hubspot>
2024-01-12 19:54:21
1
564
IronMaiden
77,808,931
1,874,170
Deducing console codepage when PEP 528 may or may not be implemented?
<p>I've got some code that needs to print certain non-ASCII characters to the console, when the console might not be in UTF-8 mode.</p> <p>On Linux and Mac, it's <em>simply</em> the responsibility of anyone rowdy enough to use a non UTF-8 terminal to set <code>LANG</code> <a href="https://drj11.wordpress.com/2007/05/14...
<python><character-encoding><future-proof>
2024-01-12 19:36:31
2
1,117
JamesTheAwesomeDude
77,808,731
5,036,928
NumPy Get elements based on starting indices and stride
<p>I am looking for the numpythonic way to accomplish the following:</p> <pre><code>A = np.arange(1000) x = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30], dtype=int) dx = np.array([3, 4, 5, 6], dtype=int) for x_, dx_ in zip(x, dx): print(A[x_:x_+dx_]) </code></pre> <p>Looking at <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48920850/ho...
<python><numpy><numpy-slicing>
2024-01-12 18:51:57
1
1,195
Sterling Butters
77,808,666
11,357,623
nested directories and classes in a python library
<h1>Efficient Imports</h1> <p>I have several nested directories in this library I'm building, some nested directories have no files but other directories, or each directory has one or more class files.</p> <p>The library is basically getting ported from another language, and I have to keep the structure same.</p> <p>I'...
<python>
2024-01-12 18:39:11
1
2,180
AppDeveloper
77,808,612
7,648,377
Python test fail while function works in isolation
<p>This is the function</p> <pre><code>def update_content_if_reusable(content_data): &quot;&quot;&quot; Add reusable counter &quot;&quot;&quot; content = json.loads(content_data) if 'layouts' in content: for layout in content['layouts'].values(): if 'isReusable' in layout: ...
<python>
2024-01-12 18:29:48
1
2,762
Andrei Lupuleasa
77,808,549
711,855
Shared variable & threading.Lock
<p>In Java, unless you use atomic operations or some other thread sync mechanism, you might have stalled values for a shared variable in a thread.</p> <p>Given the GIL, in CPython. I see the value of a Lock inc cases where: Multiple steps are taken before assigning a value, even in the confusing <code>a += 1</code> idi...
<python><multithreading><synchronization><locking>
2024-01-12 18:15:12
1
2,004
juanmf
77,808,548
8,022,306
How to use Django's ORM to update the value for multiple keys in a JsonField using .update() method?
<p>I have a model field I am trying to update using Django's <code>.update()</code> method. This field is a JsonField. I am typically saving a dictionary in this field. e.g. <code>{&quot;test&quot;: &quot;yes&quot;, &quot;prod&quot;: &quot;no&quot;}</code></p> <p>Here is the model:</p> <pre><code>class Question(models....
<python><django>
2024-01-12 18:14:56
2
422
Toluwalemi
77,808,447
2,142,728
Where is the selected Python interpreter path stored in Visual Studio Code (workspace)?
<p>I am using Visual Studio Code for my Python development, and I can select the Python interpreter through the UI by using cmd + shift + p and then choosing Python: Select interpreter.</p> <p>I've checked the <code>&lt;project&gt;/.vscode/settings.json</code> file, but I couldn't find the information about the selecte...
<python><visual-studio-code><python-poetry>
2024-01-12 17:52:27
0
3,774
caeus
77,808,398
10,155,763
ECS Scheduled Task Start and End Time
<p>How do i get the start and end time of an ECS scheduled task using CLI or SDK?</p> <pre><code>aws events describe-rule </code></pre> <p>only provides basic information with no start and end time.</p>
<python><amazon-ecs><aws-fargate><aws-event-bridge>
2024-01-12 17:41:46
1
325
manoman687
77,808,349
4,506,929
How do I call Python scripts from within a Python script such that the hierarchy information is always retained?
<p>I'd like to run a few scripts within a script such that</p> <ol> <li>Know when a script is being called from another script and when it's run directly</li> <li>Be able to get information/variables from the parent script into the child script.</li> </ol> <p>Here's an illustration of what I mean. Say I have files <cod...
<python><ipython>
2024-01-12 17:30:14
1
3,547
TomCho
77,808,303
6,817,610
Property decorator without object attribute
<p>I have a class like this that contains property but doesn't have corresponding attribute:</p> <pre><code>class Example(object): def __init__(self, csv_dict): self._csv_dict = csv_dict @property def name(self): return self[&quot;name&quot;] @property def number(self): try...
<python><class><object>
2024-01-12 17:21:59
1
953
Anton Kim
77,808,253
1,473,517
How to replace Counter to use numpy code only
<p>I have this code:</p> <pre><code>from collections import Counter import numpy as np def make_data(N): np.random.seed(40) g = np.random.randint(-3, 4, (N, N)) return g N = 100 g = make_data(N) n = g.shape[0] sum_dist = Counter() for i in range(n): for j in range(n): dist = i**2 + j**2 ...
<python><numpy>
2024-01-12 17:12:41
1
21,513
Simd
77,808,226
10,645,965
Pydantic: pass the entire dataset to a nested field
<p>I am using django, django-ninja framework to replace some of my apis ( written in drf, as it is becoming more like a boilerplate codebase ). Now while transforming some legacy api, I need to follow the old structure, so the client side doesn't face any issue. This is just the backstory.</p> <p>I have two separate mo...
<python><django><django-rest-framework><pydantic><django-ninja>
2024-01-12 17:09:08
1
691
Khan Asfi Reza
77,808,185
7,675,202
Importing locally created package in python installed from Pipfile not detected
<p>I created a package folder parallel to my apps folder, where my packages folder will have shared/reusable code that'll be used across different apps and probably published, but before then i need to test it and use it locally.</p> <p>This is my Pipfile for my mobile folder:</p> <pre><code>[packages] pronto_auth = {e...
<python>
2024-01-12 17:02:42
1
4,345
Mohamed Mohamed
77,807,760
10,816,965
Avoid SQL injection when creating user with SQLAlchemy Core
<p>When creating a user with <code>psycopg</code>, I would create the following composite in order to avoid SQL injection:</p> <pre><code>from psycopg.sql import SQL, Identifier, Literal username = &quot;test_user&quot; password = &quot;test_password&quot; query = SQL( &quot;CREATE USER {username} WITH ENCRYPTED P...
<python><postgresql><sqlalchemy><psycopg3>
2024-01-12 15:51:16
0
605
Sebastian Thomas
77,807,681
2,611,159
Getting all values of an "enum" class of ctypes type
<p>I'm struggling to find all values or iterate over all values for an enum class found in an SDK I need to make use of. The enums are not the classical <code>Enum</code> as python comes with but defined as</p> <pre><code>import ctypes import ctypes.utils XSULONG32 = ctypes.c_uint32 class XS_INFO(XSULONG32): XS_CON...
<python><enums><ctypes>
2024-01-12 15:37:53
1
6,094
planetmaker
77,807,656
5,506,167
Why is it unsafe to use a generic self type in an argument?
<p>The <a href="https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/generics.html#generic-methods-and-generic-self" rel="nofollow noreferrer">mypy doc says</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>Note that mypy lets you use generic self types in certain unsafe ways in order to support common idioms. For example, using a generic self type in an arg...
<python><python-typing><mypy>
2024-01-12 15:33:02
1
1,962
Saleh
77,807,611
1,714,692
Proper index creation in mongodb timeseries collection
<p>I am trying to create indexes for a nested mongo db timeseries collection. My mongo db version, obtained by running <code>mongod --version</code>, is v3.6.8.</p> <p>The timeseries schema follows the <a href="https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/core/timeseries-collections/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">suggested one</a>...
<python><mongodb><indexing><pymongo><mongodb-compass>
2024-01-12 15:24:34
1
9,606
roschach
77,807,349
6,494,707
macro accuracy in scikit learn
<p>I am trying to calculate <code>macro accuracy</code>.</p> <p>if I set</p> <pre><code>from sklearn.metrics import precision_recall_fscore_support y_true=[2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2] y_pred=[2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2] print(precision_recall_fscore_support(y...
<python><scikit-learn>
2024-01-12 14:42:15
1
2,236
S.EB
77,807,142
13,520,498
AttributeError: Calling operator "bpy.ops.import_scene.obj" error, could not be found
<p>I am trying to write a python script that will convert triangular-mesh objects to quad-mesh objects.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/mNB4W.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/mNB4W.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>For example, image (a) will be my input (<code>.obj/.stl</...
<python><python-3.x><blender><stl-format><bpy>
2024-01-12 14:06:50
2
1,991
Musabbir Arrafi
77,807,054
5,764,661
FastAPI exception_handlers and mounted apps
<p>I have a FastAPI app :</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>app = FastAPI() </code></pre> <p>And several mounted apps.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>app.mount(&quot;app_1&quot;, mounted_app_1) app.mount(&quot;app_2&quot;, mounted_app_1) # and so on </code></pre> <p>I defined an e...
<python><exception><fastapi>
2024-01-12 13:49:06
0
301
William Pollet
77,806,959
1,652,219
How to run multiple dependent sql statements in sqlalchemy?
<h2>Problem</h2> <p>I have a bunch of dependent SQL statements that I would like to run in the same context in sqlalchemy, but I cannot make it work.</p> <h2>Running All at Once</h2> <pre><code>values = ', '.join(f&quot;('{id}')&quot; for id in obligor_ids) q = f&quot;&quot;&quot; USE {database}; DECLARE @Oblig...
<python><sql><sql-server><sqlalchemy><subquery>
2024-01-12 13:34:32
1
3,944
Esben Eickhardt
77,806,881
1,279,000
How do I update multiple rows when applying a left join on a model query?
<p>In this little card scanning app demo I'm making while learning SQLAlchemy, I'm attempting to make any card(s) assigned to a user inactive after the user is made inactive. I'm struggling to write a query that will update the access card status value with a left join in the mix. Here's what I have now:</p> <pre><code...
<python><sqlalchemy><flask-sqlalchemy>
2024-01-12 13:23:41
1
1,278
Christopher Stevens
77,806,839
2,168,548
pydicom.dcmread() consumes a lot of memory when working with bigger files
<p>Is there a way where we can read the dicom file using buffer?</p> <p>I tried defer_size = '50 MB' , but when i accessed pixel data, all the pixel data was read and stored in memory</p> <p>Can I do something like:</p> <pre><code>def buffered_dcmread(file_path, buffer_size=4096): with open(file_path, 'rb') as file...
<python><pydicom>
2024-01-12 13:15:31
1
359
ShoibAhamed
77,806,829
2,989,777
How can I write a JMESPath expression to select a keys containing brackets ("({")?
<p>Given the dictionary</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>product_data = { 'restrictions({&quot;basketItems&quot;:[],&quot;endDateTime&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;startDateTime&quot;:&quot;&quot;})': [ { '__typename': 'ProductRestrictionType', 'type': 'RdgDateRange', ...
<python><json><jmespath>
2024-01-12 13:13:50
1
1,185
yasirnazir
77,806,798
13,180,560
Unable to bypass CORS in my Flask and React app
<p>I am getting CORS error most of the time even if i give access to all origins its giving the same issue</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/TWSUi.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/TWSUi.png" alt="CORS ERROR" /></a></p> <p>Here is my code in Flask</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/I...
<python><reactjs><flask><socket.io><flask-socketio>
2024-01-12 13:08:52
1
1,416
Amir Doreh
77,806,675
11,829,002
Compute a linear regression, not for all data points
<p>I'm plotting errors obtained for various mesh sizes to study the order of convergence of the model. As shown in the two plots below the &quot;good regime&quot; is not always present, either because the mesh is too coarse (Fig. 1) or either we reach floating point precision (Fig. 2).</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic...
<python><scikit-learn><linear-regression>
2024-01-12 12:47:42
1
398
Thomas
77,806,510
14,720,380
Can I use Pydantic to deserialize a Union type, without creating another basemodel?
<p>I want to deserialize some data into a union type like so:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from pydantic import BaseModel, Field from typing import Annotated, Union, Literal class Foo(BaseModel): type: Literal[&quot;foo&quot;] = &quot;foo&quot; x: int class Bar(BaseModel): type: Li...
<python><pydantic><pydantic-v2>
2024-01-12 12:19:21
1
6,623
Tom McLean