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How to properly figure out all possible "long entries" made based on the OHLC data and upper bound and lower bound price series? Pandas related
<p>Say you have a Pandas <code>df</code> that contains the OHLC (short for the Open, High, Low, Close) prices of a particular financial asset.</p> <p>Also, you have two other Pandas dataframes to consider, one of them called <code>upper_bound</code> that contains a series of prices which are above the close price, and ...
<python><pandas><dataframe><data-science><back-testing>
2023-01-31 13:17:50
1
875
NoahVerner
75,297,701
13,023,224
Remove and replace multiple commas in string
<p>I have this dataset</p> <pre><code>df = pd.DataFrame({'name':{0: 'John,Smith', 1: 'Peter,Blue', 2:'Larry,One,Stacy,Orange' , 3:'Joe,Good' , 4:'Pete,High,Anne,Green'}}) </code></pre> <p>yielding:</p> <pre><code>name 0 John,Smith 1 Peter,Blue 2 Larry,One,Stacy,Orange 3 Joe,Good 4 Pete,High,Anne,Green </code>...
<python><pandas><replace>
2023-01-31 13:11:34
4
571
josepmaria
75,297,565
4,783,029
How to disable iPython Notebook's (ipynb) cell output line wrapping in VSCode?
<p>I use PySpark in VSCode <code>ipynb</code> documents. The text lines in the cells <strong>output</strong> are wrapped and it is not possible to understand them correctly.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/Z0pz2.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/Z0pz2.png" alt="enter image description...
<python><visual-studio-code><jupyter-notebook>
2023-01-31 13:01:10
0
5,750
GegznaV
75,297,555
9,281,109
Is there anyway to use kubernetes pods with a shared resource NFS to save chunks of files as they come?
<p>I have encountered in this issue for some days and I cannot get along with it with this configuration. So basically the issue is to open a request stream with octet-stream and as I get the file write it down to a file in filesystem, this works perfectly locally and hosted on Debian Linux servers, but there are some ...
<python><kubernetes><fastapi><nfs>
2023-01-31 13:00:05
0
2,372
Edi
75,297,516
2,141,427
Python function to extract specific values from complex JSON logs data
<p>I am trying to write a Python function (for use in a Google Cloud Function) that extracts specific values from JSON logs data. Ordinarily, I do this using the standard method of sorting through keys:</p> <pre><code>my_data['key1'], etc. </code></pre> <p>This JSON data, however is quite different, since it appears to...
<python><json><data-structures><google-cloud-functions>
2023-01-31 12:57:21
0
333
Jman
75,297,454
4,534,466
MLFlow - Experiment tracking - No such file or directory
<p>I want to run experiment tracking on my jupyter notebooks, I've installed mlflow and have set it up as such:</p> <pre><code>Path(&quot;mlruns&quot;).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) mlflow.set_tracking_uri(&quot;file:mlruns&quot;) client = mlflow.MlflowClient() experiment_id = client.create_experiment( EXPERI...
<python><mlflow>
2023-01-31 12:52:17
0
1,530
João Areias
75,297,426
5,190,087
How to handle the callback with MagicMock
<pre><code>import unittest from mock import Mock, MagicMock import time wait = False def pushback_callback(self, res): print(&quot;Received callback&quot;) wait = True def pushback_fcn(callback): print(&quot;pushback_fcn&quot;) def execute(): pushback_fcn(pushback_callback) while wait == False: ...
<python><python-mock><magicmock>
2023-01-31 12:49:29
1
1,598
Swapnil
75,297,406
222,529
How to make pytest select tests having markers with arguments
<p><a href="https://docs.pytest.org/en/7.2.x/example/markers.html#passing-a-callable-to-custom-markers" rel="nofollow noreferrer">According to the official documentation</a>, it is possible to mark tests with custom markers that have positional or keyword arguments. For instance:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-ove...
<python><pytest>
2023-01-31 12:48:11
1
3,215
Jir
75,297,385
15,537,675
Read large json file - update?
<p>I'm having a large json file which I'm struggling to read and work with in python. It seems I can for instance run <code>json.loads()</code> but then it crashes after a while.</p> <p>There are two questions which are basically the same thing:</p> <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10382253/reading-rathe...
<python><json>
2023-01-31 12:47:02
1
472
OLGJ
75,297,220
16,591,917
Why does objective function for some iteration shows as NaN
<p>I have a Gekko model and is currently experimenting with different objective functions. Most of the objective functions is built with <code>.COST</code> and <code>.DCOST</code> constructs on <code>CV</code> and <code>MV</code> variables augmented by some additional <code>Maximize</code> and <code>Minimize</code> s...
<python><gekko>
2023-01-31 12:33:57
1
319
JacquesStrydom
75,297,212
3,593,246
Find all tags containing a string in BeautifulSoup
<p>In BeautifulSoup, I can use <code>find_all(string='example')</code> to find all NavigableStrings that match against a string or regex.</p> <p>Is there a way to do this using <code>get_text()</code> instead of <code>string</code>, so that the search matches a string even if it spans across multiple nodes? i.e. I'd wa...
<python><html><parsing><web-scraping><beautifulsoup>
2023-01-31 12:33:29
2
362
jayp
75,297,205
20,185,574
Compute Bernoulli numbers with Python recursive program
<p>I'm trying to solve a problem about Bernoulli numbers using Python. The aim is to output the numerator and the denominator of the $n$-th Bernoulli number. I use the conventions and the generic formula given in <a href="https://projectlovelace.net/problems/ada-lovelaces-note-g/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this source<...
<python><recursion><math><fractions><python-fractions>
2023-01-31 12:33:03
1
461
Barbara Gendron
75,297,138
12,297,666
Why predict works without fit the model in Keras
<p>Check the following code:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np import keras from keras.models import Sequential from keras.layers import Conv1D, MaxPooling1D, Flatten from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split # Data X = np.random.rand(1000, 100, 1) y = np.random.randint(0, 2, (1000, 1)) # Splitting into tr...
<python><keras>
2023-01-31 12:28:00
1
679
Murilo
75,297,062
821,780
pytest requests to fastapi in a separate process
<p>I am trying to have working tests for an API written with FastAPI.</p> <p>I start the service in a separate process, run the tests with requests to the service, and check if the results are as expected.</p> <p>I have extracted the key parts into a minimal working example, in the PD.</p> <p>Running the MWE with the m...
<python><multiprocessing><pytest><fastapi>
2023-01-31 12:21:59
1
1,498
Trylks
75,296,710
3,099,733
Is it possible to limit YAML bool value literal in python?
<p>I am using YAML to describe some configuration that will be read by a Python tool using <code>ruamel</code>. The problem is I need to use string literal ON a lot and in YAML ON without quote will be treated as bool value <code>true</code>. I have to quote those 'ON' carefully or else the tool will throw unexpected r...
<python><yaml><pyyaml><ruamel.yaml>
2023-01-31 11:50:06
1
1,959
link89
75,296,495
13,490,682
Sum the values ​of a column with Python
<p>I'm new to python, I would like to read a column of values ​​from a csv file and add them together, but only those to the left of the &quot;,&quot; My csv File:</p> <pre><code>Name Code Angel 19;90 Eduardo 20;21 Miguel 30;45 </code></pre> <p>I would like to be able to sum only the numbers to the left of...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2023-01-31 11:32:33
4
393
Jacket
75,296,469
13,184,183
Is there a way to get version of production model in mlflow?
<p>I use <code>mlflow 1.23.1</code> and when trying to load model via <code>models:/model_name/Production</code> I receive error described <a href="https://github.com/mlflow/mlflow/issues/5171#issuecomment-1027234578" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a> with <code>405</code> code <code>Method not allowed</code>. Setting...
<python><mlflow>
2023-01-31 11:30:09
1
956
Nourless
75,296,422
11,964,058
Adding new key value to dictionary in a for loop
<p>I have a hugging face dataset in format</p> <pre><code> test = [{'doc':document1, 'id':id1},{'doc':document2, 'id':id2}.......] </code></pre> <p>I'm trying to generate summaries for the dataset and append them to the doc. The code below takes one dict from test and computes lex rank summary. This is stored in summar...
<python><dictionary><for-loop>
2023-01-31 11:25:26
1
493
Praveen Bushipaka
75,296,322
17,176,270
How can I retrieve relative document in MongoDB?
<p>I'm using Flask with Jinja2 template engine and MongoDB via pymongo. This are my documents from two collections (phone and factory):</p> <pre><code>phone = db.get_collection(&quot;phone&quot;) { &quot;_id&quot;: ObjectId(&quot;63d8d39206c9f93e68d27206&quot;), &quot;brand&quot;: &quot;Apple&quot;, &quot;...
<python><mongodb><pymongo>
2023-01-31 11:16:56
1
780
Vitalii Mytenko
75,296,240
5,654,564
Define timeout when tox is installing requirements
<p>I have a gitlab ci pipeline which basically do some stuff on the enviornment ( install python and other packages) then it simply run <code>tox</code> in order to run some tests.</p> <pre><code>stages: - check before_script: # here you can run any commands before the pipelines start - apt-get -qq update ...
<python><gitlab><tox>
2023-01-31 11:10:03
2
2,507
Marco Fumagalli
75,295,957
15,034,606
why does Fuzzywuzzy python script take forever to generate results?
<p>To give an idea, I have an excel file(.xlsx format) within which I am working with 2 sheets at a time.</p> <p>I am interested in 'entity name' from sheet a and 'name' from sheet b.</p> <p>Sheet b has 'name' column written 7times.</p> <p>my sheet a looks like this.</p> <pre><code>Isin Entity Name DE0005545503 1...
<python><excel><pandas><dataframe><fuzzywuzzy>
2023-01-31 10:44:23
0
521
technophile_3
75,295,935
5,343,362
Improve text reading from image
<p>I am trying to read movie credits from a movie. To make a MVP I started with a picture:<a href="https://i.sstatic.net/eR2ls.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/eR2ls.jpg" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>I use this code:</p> <pre><code>print(pytesseract.image_to_string(cv2....
<python><ocr><tesseract>
2023-01-31 10:41:58
1
301
Quentin M
75,295,899
5,868,293
How to add indicator column that lists all values of another column in pandas
<p>I have the following pandas dataframe:</p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd pd.DataFrame({'id': [1,1,1,1,2,2,2], 'col': ['a','b','c','c','a','b','d']}) id col 0 1 a 1 1 b 2 1 c 3 1 c 4 2 a 5 2 b 6 2 d </code></pre> <p>I would like to add a new column, which would contain the list of uniqu...
<python><pandas>
2023-01-31 10:39:15
2
4,512
quant
75,295,856
9,038,295
Pre-commit install-hooks does not work (SSLError)
<p>I use conda Python environments. Whenever I try to run <code>pre-commit install-hooks</code>, I get the error</p> <pre><code> Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/ruamel-yaml/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded w ith url: /...
<python><ssl><pre-commit-hook><pre-commit><pre-commit.com>
2023-01-31 10:35:14
2
501
karu
75,295,827
1,870,969
Find tuples in a list of tuples, with consecutive values and turn them into bigger tuples
<p>I have a list of tuples, each having two elements. Example:</p> <pre><code>my_tuples = [('black', 'grey'), ('red', 'orange'), ('blue', 'purple'), ('orange', 'yellow'), ('grey', 'white'), ('yellow', 'cream')] </code></pre> <p>I am looking for an efficient way to find all the tuples whose first values ar...
<python><list><sorting><tuples>
2023-01-31 10:33:14
2
997
Vahid S. Bokharaie
75,295,687
7,318,120
How can I Export Pandas DataFrame to Google Sheets (specific cell) using Python?
<ul> <li>I can read data and write data to a google sheet.</li> <li>I can also write a pandas dataframe to a google sheet <code>cell(1,1)</code>.</li> </ul> <p>I am now trying to write the same dataframe to a specific cell (like <code>cell(20,20)</code>) on a sheet.</p> <p>resources:</p> <ul> <li><p>this link is close,...
<python><pandas><dataframe><google-sheets><google-sheets-api>
2023-01-31 10:21:29
1
6,075
darren
75,295,639
19,580,067
Split the text between the start and end words from a long String using Regex Python
<p>Extracted a threaded email body using pywin32 and I need to extract the signature part alone from the body. I tried to split the text using the signature start as starting word and the next email From as the Ending word. For ex: 'With Regards' will be the starting word and 'Von' will be the ending word.</p> <p>Body ...
<python><regex><regex-lookarounds>
2023-01-31 10:17:54
1
359
Pravin
75,295,398
9,962,007
How to find which python package(s) require(s) certain dependency?
<p>Ideally using a one-liner, without the need for a dedicated script (e.g. looping and grepping over <code>pipdeptree -p</code> output with many packages). Ideally using standard tools (unless the extra package required is actively maintained).</p> <p>Importantly, the package (said dependency) is not installed, so its...
<python><pip><dependencies><conda>
2023-01-31 09:57:29
0
7,211
mirekphd
75,295,311
7,132,596
Pandas qcut with infinite values
<p>I would like to have bins with infinite values on the left and right. This worked in older pandas versions (at least 1.1.5) but not in 1.5.</p> <pre><code>pd.qcut([1,2,3,4,5,-np.inf, np.inf], q=3, duplicates=&quot;drop&quot;) </code></pre> <p>results in <code>ValueError: missing values must be missing in the same lo...
<python><pandas><numpy>
2023-01-31 09:49:24
0
956
Hans Bambel
75,295,294
6,256,859
Django - Can not join 2 models
<p><strong>Problem:</strong> Joining 2 models in Django.</p> <p><strong>Error</strong>: Error during template rendering. Direct assignment to the reverse side of a many-to-many set is prohibited. Use entity_id.set() instead.</p> <p>I have read through all the threads on SO. Tried all the suggested solutions, read the D...
<python><django><django-models><django-rest-framework><django-views>
2023-01-31 09:47:33
1
1,080
Andy
75,295,132
13,983,136
How to place specific constraints on the parameters of a Pydantic model?
<p>How can I place specific constraints on the parameters of a Pydantic model? In particular, I would like:</p> <ul> <li><code>start_date</code> must be at least <code>&quot;2019-01-01&quot;</code></li> <li><code>end_date</code> must be greater than <code>start_date</code></li> <li><code>code</code> must be one and onl...
<python><fastapi><pydantic>
2023-01-31 09:35:26
2
787
LJG
75,295,115
7,657,180
Remove corrupt exif warnings with tiff images
<p>I am trying to fix the corrupt exif warnings from tiff images and here's a code I am using</p> <pre><code>from PIL import Image def remove_exif(image_name): image = Image.open(image_name) if not image.getexif(): return print('removing EXIF from', image_name, '...') data = list(image.getdata(...
<python><python-imaging-library>
2023-01-31 09:33:47
0
9,608
YasserKhalil
75,295,032
9,758,017
Set steps on y-axis with matplotlib
<p>Currently I have the problem that I do not get the steps on the <strong>y-axis</strong> (score) changed. My representation currently looks like this:</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/c4yNt.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/c4yNt.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>...
<python><matplotlib>
2023-01-31 09:26:49
2
1,778
41 72 6c
75,294,999
10,413,428
Path from list of path parts with pathlib
<p>I want to generate a path based on a list inside the configuration toml. I have chosen a list to be able to support different operating systems.</p> <p>For example the following list is stored inside my configuration.toml:</p> <pre class="lang-ini prettyprint-override"><code>temporary_storage_folder = [&quot;~&quot;...
<python><python-3.x><pathlib><toml>
2023-01-31 09:23:38
1
405
sebwr
75,294,852
11,710,304
String manipulation in polars
<p>I have a record in polars which has no header so far. This header should refer to the first row of the record. Before I instantiate this row as header, I want to manipulate the entries.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import polars as pl # Creating a dictionary with the data data = { &quot;Co...
<python><string><dataframe><python-polars>
2023-01-31 09:11:32
2
437
Horseman
75,294,739
10,488,923
Rocket UniData/UniVerse: ODBC Unable to allocate sufficient memory
<p>Whenever I tried using <code>pyodbc</code> to connect to a Rocket UniData/UniVerse data I kept running into the error:</p> <pre><code>pyodbc.Error: ('00000', '[00000] [Rocket U2][U2ODBC][0302810]Unable to allocate sufficient memory! (0) (SQLDriverConnect); [00000] [Rocket U2][U2ODBC][0400182]Connection not open. (0)...
<python><odbc><pyodbc><universe><unidata>
2023-01-31 09:01:16
1
989
Kagiso Marvin Molekwa
75,294,735
10,829,044
Sort column names using wildcard using pandas
<p>I have a big dataframe with more than 100 columns. I am sharing a miniature version of my real dataframe below</p> <pre><code>ID rev_Q1 rev_Q5 rev_Q4 rev_Q3 rev_Q2 tx_Q3 tx_Q5 tx_Q2 tx_Q1 tx_Q4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 ...
<python><pandas><string><list><dataframe>
2023-01-31 09:01:08
3
7,793
The Great
75,294,711
9,879,869
What would be the best way to return the result of asynchronous task to Django views?
<p>I am building a Djano app that processes image in a Celery task. A post inside the view method handles the input and triggers the task. Inside the task, I create a model instance based on the processed image. In the same view, I wanted to return a response of the de-serialization of the model instance. What is the b...
<python><django><asynchronous><django-rest-framework><celery>
2023-01-31 08:58:37
0
1,572
Nikko
75,294,710
7,657,180
Count pages on tiff raises TypeError: int() argument must be a string
<p>I am working on some images with tiff extension and I have a step that I should count the pages of each tiff image Here's my try till now</p> <pre><code>from pathlib import Path from PIL import Image import os def count_pages(img): i = 0 ...
<python><python-imaging-library>
2023-01-31 08:58:35
1
9,608
YasserKhalil
75,294,667
5,641,924
Flatten a column with nested dictionary in pandas
<p>I fetch data from MySQL database. The fetched data has a column with nested lists and dictionaries. This json is similar to the stored data in my database:</p> <pre><code>my_dict = {'id': [1, 2, 3], 'b': [{'100': [{'p': 10, 'max': 20, 'min': 15}, {'p': 20, 'max': 30, 'min': 20}] ...
<python><pandas>
2023-01-31 08:53:30
2
642
Mohammadreza Riahi
75,294,639
12,769,783
Onnxruntime: inference with CUDNN on GPU only working if pytorch imported first
<p>I am trying to perform inference with the onnxruntime-gpu. Therefore, I installed CUDA, CUDNN and onnxruntime-gpu on my system, and checked that my GPU was compatible (versions listed below).</p> <p>When I attempt to start an inference session, I receive the following warning:</p> <pre class="lang-bash prettyprint-o...
<python><pytorch><onnxruntime>
2023-01-31 08:50:24
0
1,596
mutableVoid
75,294,630
7,800,760
Python: best way to check for list of URLs
<p>I have a file defining a list of RSS feeds:</p> <pre><code>RSS_FEEDS = [ &quot;https://www.fanpage.it/feed/&quot;, &quot;https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/feed/&quot;, &quot;https://forbes.it/feed/&quot;, &quot;https://formiche.net/feed/&quot;, ] </code></pre> <p>I wrote the following test:</p> <pre><...
<python><unit-testing><rss>
2023-01-31 08:49:24
2
1,231
Robert Alexander
75,294,337
5,159,404
how to align matplotlib graphs
<p>I am plotting two different graphs with matplotlib. The two plots are separate and must be kept that way since I am saving them onto file and have different uses for them.</p> <p>As it can be seen on the picture below they are misaligned because the ylabels on the top graph are occupying more space than the one on t...
<python><matplotlib>
2023-01-31 08:20:38
0
1,002
Wing
75,294,118
10,731,820
How to pass parameters from one Pass state to another?
<p>How to pass parameters from one Pass state to another? <code>aws_stepfunctions.JsonPath.string_at</code> is working fine when invoking lambda function (insude <code>aws_stepfunctions.TaskInput.from_object</code>) but it is not working with Pass state (inside <code>aws_stepfunctions.Result.from_object</code></p> <p>I...
<python><amazon-web-services><aws-cdk>
2023-01-31 07:54:51
2
853
psowa001
75,293,876
3,247,006
How to reduce more `SELECT` queries which are already reduced by "prefetch_related()" to iterate 3 or more models?
<p>I have <code>Country</code>, <code>State</code> and <code>City</code> models which are chained by foreign keys as shown below:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class Country(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=20) class State(models.Model): country = models.ForeignKey(Countr...
<python><django><postgresql><django-models><django-prefetch-related>
2023-01-31 07:28:40
1
42,516
Super Kai - Kazuya Ito
75,293,854
6,494,707
How to convert the radius from meter to pixel?
<p>I have a camera with these specs:</p> <ul> <li>full resolution 1280x1024</li> <li>pixel size 0.0048mm</li> <li>focal length 8 mm</li> </ul> <p>I need to detect a ball in this image. It is 4 meters away and its radius is 0.0373 meter.</p> <p>How to convert the radius to from meter to pixel in this case?</p> <p>the re...
<python><opencv><image-processing><geometry><camera-calibration>
2023-01-31 07:26:25
1
2,236
S.EB
75,293,732
8,034,918
How to resolve ValueError: Graph disconnected: cannot obtain value for tensor KerasTensor
<p>I am trying to get the embedding for a siamese network written in keras and I keep having the issue below. Does anyone know how to solve this issue?</p> <p>Here is the network:</p> <pre><code>input = layers.Input((40, 1)) x = layers.Conv1D(8, 64, activation=&quot;relu&quot;, padding='same', kernel_regularizer=regula...
<python><tensorflow><keras>
2023-01-31 07:12:03
1
439
user8034918
75,293,644
2,989,330
GUnicorn: Queue not working after re-starting worker
<h2>Problem Statement</h2> <p>After booting the GUnicorn worker processes, I want the worker processes still be able to receive data from another process. Currently, I'm trying to use <code>multiprocessing.Queue</code> to achieve this. Specifically, I start a data management process before forking the workers and use t...
<python><multiprocessing><queue><python-multiprocessing><gunicorn>
2023-01-31 07:01:35
1
3,203
Green 绿色
75,293,413
1,173,495
importlib.metadata error on pre-commit tool
<p>I have installed pre-commit 3.0.1 via asdf. When I try to run pre-commit -v throwing the following error</p> <pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last): File &quot;/Users/san/.cache/pre-commit-zipapp/6Bkef3U7os33XPapd4VZ7HEfyUexbeBTjOn51afz0r8/python&quot;, line 47, in &lt;module&gt; raise SystemExit(main())...
<python><pre-commit><pre-commit.com><asdf>
2023-01-31 06:32:04
4
10,189
SANN3
75,293,337
1,670,830
How to print the value of a variable in the stack trace
<p>I want to print in the stack trace the value of a variable.</p> <p>Indeed, when executing my program, I have an error and I would like to know the value of a variable.</p> <p>I don't have access to the console.</p> <hr /> <p>code:</p> <pre><code>os.chdir(directoryName) </code></pre> <p>Error:</p> <blockquote> <p>os....
<python>
2023-01-31 06:21:13
2
3,563
Colas
75,293,289
14,808,637
Adjacency matrix using numpy
<p>I need to generate the following adjacency matrices:</p> <p><strong>No of Nodes = 3</strong></p> <pre><code> A B C AB AC BC A 0 1 1 0 0 1 B 1 0 1 0 1 0 C 1 1 0 1 0 0 AB 0 0 1 0 0 0 AC 0 1 0 0 0 0 BC 1 0 0 0 0 0 </code></pre> <p>To genera...
<python><numpy><adjacency-matrix>
2023-01-31 06:13:28
1
774
Ahmad
75,293,254
6,660,638
How to remove space in cluster in python diagrams
<p>I am generating cluster with the below code</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from diagrams import Diagram, Cluster, Node with Diagram('./output/output', show=False, outformat='svg') as d: with Cluster('cluster'): n1 = Node('A', height = '0.5', width = '5', labelloc = &quot;c&q...
<python><graphviz><diagram>
2023-01-31 06:07:07
1
9,097
Epsi95
75,293,239
2,218,321
Python3 error No module named 'attrs' when running Scrapy in Ubuntu terminal
<p>I am new to Python. I installed Scrapy on ubuntu linux. When I run <code>Scrapy shell</code> I get this error</p> <pre><code> File &quot;/home/user/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/scrapy/downloadermiddlewares/retry.py&quot;, line 25, in &lt;module&gt; from twisted.web.client import ResponseFailed File &quot;/ho...
<python><python-3.x><scrapy>
2023-01-31 06:05:14
3
2,189
M a m a D
75,293,146
2,543,424
Unable to import definitions from submodule package
<p>I have a project that uses a git submodule to import a python package from a private repository, which is then installed via pip. The structure is something like this:</p> <pre><code>my_project _submodules prvt_pkg prvt_pkg lib __init__.py types.py __init__.py ...
<python><python-3.x>
2023-01-31 05:50:54
1
1,301
e-e
75,293,106
4,897,973
Shared code library between Docker containers
<p>I've seen a related question from 2017 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46135315/cp-vs-rsync-vs-something-faster">here</a> and the linked GitHub discussion from 2014 <a href="https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/1676" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>, but this behavior really doesn't make sense to me an...
<python><docker><web-services><dockerfile>
2023-01-31 05:44:31
1
1,228
beeselmane
75,293,068
10,829,044
pandas split string and extract upto n index position
<p>I have my input data like as below stored in a dataframe column</p> <pre><code>active_days_revenue active_days_rate total_revenue gap_days_rate </code></pre> <p>I would like to do the below</p> <p>a) split the string using <code>_</code> delimiter</p> <p>b) extract <code>n</code> elements from the delimiter</p> <p>S...
<python><pandas><string><list><dataframe>
2023-01-31 05:38:50
1
7,793
The Great
75,293,047
11,235,205
Pytorch: Is there a way to implement layer-wise learning rate decay when using a Scheduler?
<p>I want to implement the layer-wise learning rate decay while still using a Scheduler. Specifically, what I currently have is:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>model = Model() optim = optim.Adam(lr=0.1) scheduler = optim.lr_scheduler.OneCycleLR(optim, max_lr=0.1) </code></pre> <p>Then, the learnin...
<python><pytorch>
2023-01-31 05:35:04
1
2,779
Long Luu
75,292,769
3,099,733
cloudpickle: unexpectly import my local module when it is not necessary
<p>In file ai2_kit/domain.py</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>def fun(ctx): def in_add(a, b): print (a+b) ctx.executor.run_python_fn(in_add)(1, 2) # this pass ctx.executor.run_python_fn(out_add)(1, 2) # this failed, the error is: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ai2_kit' ...
<python><pickle><cloudpickle>
2023-01-31 04:40:01
1
1,959
link89
75,292,737
7,415,134
why these 2 sorting is opposite in order
<p>I am implementing bubble sort in Python and used range for indexing the array:</p> <pre><code>&quot;&quot;&quot; program to implement bubble sort &quot;&quot;&quot; a = [9,1,5,3,7,4,2,6,8] for i in range(len(a)): for j in range(i+1, len(a)): if a[i] &gt; a[j]: a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] print(a)...
<python><sorting><range><bubble-sort><enumerate>
2023-01-31 04:31:26
2
379
Sid
75,292,736
4,893,753
Adding packages to memgraph transformation
<p>I am writing a memgraph transformation in python.</p> <p>When I import modules such as &quot;requests&quot; or &quot;networkx&quot;, the transformation works as expected.</p> <p>I have avro data w/ schema registry, so I need to deserialize it. I followed the memgraph example here: <a href="https://memgraph.com/docs/...
<python><avro><confluent-schema-registry><memgraphdb>
2023-01-31 04:31:22
1
911
Avocado
75,292,657
787,463
Is there a data serialisation language (or program/editor) without repeating property names?
<p>So I'm working on a program (one for my own amusement, as often is the case). Still nowhere near as good as I'd like to be <strong><em>snip long story</em></strong> anyways I'm trying for my first time to use an external configuration file rather than have variables littered throughout the source (Python, so not har...
<python><json><serialization><yaml>
2023-01-31 04:16:36
1
325
Slashee the Cow
75,292,494
15,379,556
How to write and call wrapper without decorator in python
<p>I'd like to write wrapper function for various functions.</p> <p>How can I write the wrapper function and call it?</p> <ul> <li>Without decorator</li> </ul> <p>This is my expectation but doesn't work.</p> <pre><code>import external_library # example def wrapper(func): return func() def test1(a,b): print(a,...
<python>
2023-01-31 03:43:54
2
327
HG K
75,292,431
4,688,190
Python function with excessive number of variables
<p>Very general question: I am attempting to write a fairly complext Python script.</p> <pre><code>#Part A: 100 lines of python code #Part B: 500 lines of python code #Part C: 100 lines of python code </code></pre> <p>Assume that I want &quot;Part B&quot; taken out of the picture for readability and debugging purposes,...
<python>
2023-01-31 03:27:35
1
678
Ned Hulton
75,292,400
1,572,146
SQLalchemy with column names starting and ending with underscores
<p>Set <code>RDBMS_URI</code> env var to a connection string like <code>postgresql://username:password@host/database</code>, then on Python 3.9 with PostgreSQL 15 and SQLalchemy 1.14 run:</p> <pre><code>from os import environ from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, Identity, Integer from sqlalchemy import create_engin...
<python><sqlalchemy>
2023-01-31 03:21:20
1
1,930
Samuel Marks
75,292,326
1,070,833
how to add custom format to QMovie in python
<p>I have a simple widget that uses QMovie to display animated gif on a QLabel. This works really well. I would like to implement my own format and add it to supported formats in QMovie (all in python). Is it possible?</p> <p>QMovies <code>supportedFormats()</code> returns two supported formats:</p> <p><code>[PySide2.Q...
<python><qt><pyqt><pyside>
2023-01-31 03:06:17
0
1,109
pawel
75,292,270
5,805,389
Poetry cannot handle sources which redirect after setting cert
<p>I have a pypi server, TLS server cert signed by self signed CA.</p> <p>I added it as a source (default, secondary = false) to my <code>toml</code> file using</p> <p><code>poetry source add mypypiserver https://server.url/</code></p> <p>I added the CA cert using</p> <p><code>poetry config certificates.mypypiserver.ce...
<python><ssl><python-poetry><http-status-code-303><pypiserver>
2023-01-31 02:53:54
0
805
Shuri2060
75,292,083
1,326,945
reportlab.pdfgen generating corrupted PDF
<p>I have a Django Python 3.6.5 view that's intended to write and export a report to PDF using reportlab.pdfgen. I can get the PDF file to generate when the view is called, but the .pdf file that's generated is corrupted. I'm following reportlab's documentation as best as I can tell, is there an issue with how I'm crea...
<python><python-3.x><pdf-generation><reportlab>
2023-01-31 02:15:50
0
1,585
Chris B.
75,291,919
5,942,100
Positive and negative value sum separately in Pandas
<p>Find and sum all negative values Find and sum all positive values</p> <p><strong>DATA</strong></p> <pre><code>ID value A -1 B -5 AA 1 TT 3 UV 4 QA 50 WQ -40 QC 10 </code></pre> <p><strong>DESIRED</strong></p> <pre><code>positive 68 negative -46 </code></pre> <p><strong>DOING</strong></p> ...
<python><pandas><numpy>
2023-01-31 01:45:56
1
4,428
Lynn
75,291,891
4,573,162
Python Unit Test to Assert Type Annotation of Object
<p>In Python versions &lt;3.11 where the <code>assert_type</code> (<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.assert_type" rel="nofollow noreferrer">source</a>) isn't available, how does one assert a type annotation via the <code>unittest</code> <code>TestCase</code> class? Example of the problem:</p...
<python><python-3.x><unit-testing><python-typing>
2023-01-31 01:40:58
2
4,628
alphazwest
75,291,569
14,890,683
Python Plotly Scatterplot Highlight Group on Click
<p>Is there a way to highlight all points with attribute on click?</p> <p>I am working within a Streamlit framework, so Dash solutions won't work.</p> <p>Similar to this post: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52532428/highlight-all-values-from-a-group-on-hover?noredirect=1&amp;lq=1">Highlight all values fro...
<python><plotly><visualization><scatter-plot><streamlit>
2023-01-31 00:25:21
0
345
Oliver
75,291,413
11,333,172
Checking topological equivalence in shapely
<h1>Problem</h1> <p>I am using shapely 2.0.0. I have a bunch of polygons in shapely as <code>shapely.Polygon</code> and I would like to check if any of the polygons is a rectangle. This can be done by checking if a polygon's minimum rotated rectangle is <strong>topologically equivalent</strong> to itself. I have tried...
<python><shapely>
2023-01-30 23:56:24
0
620
adrianop01
75,291,327
11,370,582
Upload multiple Excel workbooks and concatanate - dcc.Upload, Plotly Dash
<p>I'm developing a interactive dashboard using Plotly Dash, which takes an Excel workbook as an input, formats the data into a pandas dataframe and displays as a bar graph.</p> <p>It works well with a single workbook but when I add a variable to allow for multiple works to be loaded and concatenated into one long data...
<python><pandas><flask><plotly><plotly-dash>
2023-01-30 23:37:35
1
904
John Conor
75,291,306
6,202,327
Using sfepy to solve a simple 2D differential euqation
<p>I am trying to learn sfepy. To that effect I want to solve the differential equation</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/DQNfN.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/DQNfN.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>On a triangle domain (2D).</p> <p>There';s 2 things I don't under...
<python><math><numerical-methods><differential-equations><finite-element-analysis>
2023-01-30 23:34:57
1
9,951
Makogan
75,291,295
4,047,084
Dynamodb GSI containing boolean
<p>I have a dynamodb table of events that have specified start and end times. These events can be happening in realtime, in which case, the end timestamp is not yet written.</p> <p>I have setup a global secondary index with the sort key being the binary field, <code>active</code>. When I try and update a record to set ...
<python><amazon-dynamodb><database-administration>
2023-01-30 23:32:11
2
1,864
Stuart Buckingham
75,291,090
2,057,516
Why don't I get a full traceback from a saved exception - and how do I get and save the full trace?
<p>I have a user submitted data validation interface for a scientific site in django, and I want the user to be able to submit files of scientific data that will aid them in resolving simple problems with their data before they're allowed to make a formal submission (to reduce workload on the curators who actually load...
<python><django>
2023-01-30 23:05:19
1
1,225
hepcat72
75,291,059
688,208
What is the reason for list.__str__ using __repr__ of its elements?
<p>What is the reason for <code>list.__str__</code> using <code>__repr__</code> of its elements?</p> <p>Example:</p> <pre class="lang-python prettyprint-override"><code>class Unit: def __str__(self): return &quot;unit&quot; def __repr__(self): return f&quot;&lt;unit id={id(self)}&gt;&quot; &gt;&gt;&gt; str(Un...
<python><python-3.x>
2023-01-30 23:00:00
2
493
Number47
75,291,026
5,860,483
Django rest framework unsupported media type with image upload
<p>this is my first time trying to upload image to django rest framework, i am using svelte for my front end and using the fetch api for requests.</p> <p>i am have an error that i cannot solve. all requests containing images return an unsupported media type error.</p> <p><strong>Back End</strong></p> <p>i have added th...
<python><django><django-rest-framework><fetch><svelte>
2023-01-30 22:55:11
1
330
Omar Alhussani
75,291,018
19,321,677
How to create %lift from pandas dataframe comparing several variants to control group?
<p>my df looks like this:</p> <pre><code>segment group purchase_amount A control 2601 A variant1 2608 A variant2 2586 B control 2441 B variant1 2712 B variant2 2710 </code></pre> <p>I would like a table wh...
<python><pandas>
2023-01-30 22:54:34
2
365
titutubs
75,290,914
18,476,381
Convert sql join data into list of dictionaries on certain same key
<p>From a sql stored proc that performs a join on two tables I get the data below.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>[ {&quot;service_order_number&quot;: &quot;ABC&quot;, &quot;vendor_id&quot;: 0, &quot;recipient_id&quot;: 0, &quot;item_id&quot;: 0, &quot;part_number&quot;: &quot;string&quot;, &qu...
<python><sql><list><dictionary>
2023-01-30 22:41:00
2
609
Masterstack8080
75,290,880
1,130,785
How do I aggregate array elements column-wise in pyspark?
<div class="s-table-container"> <table class="s-table"> <thead> <tr> <th>col1</th> <th>col2</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>[1,2,3,4]</td> <td>[0,1,0,3]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>[5,6,7,8]</td> <td>[0,3,4,8]</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p><code>desired result:</code></p> <div class="s-table-container"> <table cl...
<python><arrays><apache-spark><pyspark><snowflake-cloud-data-platform>
2023-01-30 22:35:52
2
2,027
whisperstream
75,290,789
6,524,326
Efficient pythonic way to compute the difference between the max and min elements of each tuple in a large list of tuples
<p>Using the following code, I am trying to calculate the difference between the max and min elements of each tuple in a large list of tuples and store the results in a list. However, the code runs for long time and then OS kills it because it consumes huge amount of RAM. The large list is generated by choosing <code>n...
<python><algorithm>
2023-01-30 22:22:59
3
828
Wasim Aftab
75,290,788
1,867,985
numpy in a virtual environment: DLL load failure on attempted parallelization
<p>I'm doing some scientific computation in python, and recently switched away from Anaconda since it doesn't yet support python 3.10 (which has some new features I'd like to use). I am now running on python version <code>3.10.9</code>. I have a pipenv virtual environment set up for this, and in it I've got numpy ver...
<python><numpy><dll><virtualenv><pipenv>
2023-01-30 22:22:56
0
325
realityChemist
75,290,706
21,046,803
How to copy Stackoverflow example Dataframe into a pandas Dataframe for reproduction
<p>Is there an systematic approach do import copied dataframes from Stackoverflow Questions into your programm? I often see Dataframes similar like the example below. But i usually have to put in some <code>&quot;:&quot;</code> or some other formatting to turn it into a proper pandas Dataframe via <code>pd.read_cvs</co...
<python><pandas><dataframe><csv>
2023-01-30 22:12:04
1
1,539
tetris programming
75,290,680
14,293,020
How to gather arrays of different sizes in the same array with Numpy?
<p><strong>Context:</strong> I have 3 arrays. <code>A</code> that is <em>3x3</em>, <code>B</code> that is <em>5x2</em>, and <code>C</code> that is a <em>3D</em> array.</p> <p><strong>Question:</strong> Is there a way to stack arrays of different sizes along the 1st dimension of a 3D array, with Numpy ?</p> <p><strong>E...
<python><arrays><numpy>
2023-01-30 22:08:42
1
721
Nihilum
75,290,517
18,476,381
pymsql (1054, "Unknown column 'None' in 'call statement'")
<p>I am trying to call stored procedure with pymsql but it looks like I am getting an error when one of the param is passed in as None. My stored proc is able to handle cases of Null but ofcourse not None. I was under the impression that pymysql automatically converts None to Null. Below is the code I am using.</p> <pr...
<python><sql><pymysql>
2023-01-30 21:48:30
1
609
Masterstack8080
75,290,501
9,663,207
Is it possible to use SQLAlchemy where the models are defined in different files?
<p>I'm using SQLAlchemy for the first time and trying to define my models / schema. My only experience with ORM prior to this was with Rails and <a href="https://guides.rubyonrails.org/active_record_basics.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ActiveRecord</a>.</p> <p>Anyway, following SQLAlchemy's ORM Quick Start, this is t...
<python><database><sqlalchemy><orm>
2023-01-30 21:46:34
3
724
g_t_m
75,290,351
6,843,153
Get Slack channel ID with python slack sdk
<p>I'm writing a Slack bot that requires updating already posted messages, so I implemented this code using Slack python SDK:</p> <pre><code>def update_message(self, message_text, ts): response = self.client.chat_update(channel=self.channel, ts=ts, text=message_text) return response </code></pre> <p>The problem...
<python><slack><slack-api>
2023-01-30 21:28:02
3
5,505
HuLu ViCa
75,290,271
7,056,539
pyproject.toml listing an editable package as a dependency for an editable package
<p>Using setuptools, is it possible to list another editable package as a dependency for an editable package?</p> <p>I'm trying to develop a collection of packages in order to use them across different production services, one of these packages (<code>my_pkg_1</code>) depends on a subset of my package collection (<code...
<python><pip><setuptools><pyproject.toml>
2023-01-30 21:19:05
2
419
Nasa
75,290,101
3,357,935
Could Match.start(0) ever return -1 in Python?
<p>I recently came across a code block using Python's <a href="https://docs.python.org/3.11/library/re.html#" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>re</code> library</a> that had a confusing sanity check.</p> <pre><code>import re def someFunctionName(pattern, string): for match in re.finditer(pattern, string): m...
<python><regex><python-re>
2023-01-30 21:01:30
0
27,724
Stevoisiak
75,289,851
2,594,812
Why does calling future.exception() in a done callback change the traceback
<p>I noticed that error messages in <a href="https://github.com/hadron/carthage" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Carthage</a> were sometimes getting truncated. That code is quite complex, so I worked on reproducing things in simpler form and found:</p> <ul> <li>If I attach a done callback to a coroutine that calls the <code...
<python><python-asyncio>
2023-01-30 20:35:14
0
6,539
Sam Hartman
75,290,757
24,894
Why is running 2 processes on 2 cores slower than on a single core?
<p>I would expect some overhead from context switching when running two processes on the same CPU core. What I didn't expect is so much overhead when running two processes on two separate CPU cores.</p> <p>Here is my Python program to do some counting:</p> <pre class="lang-python prettyprint-override"><code>import time...
<php><python><cpu-usage>
2023-01-30 20:18:25
1
32,751
kovshenin
75,289,619
1,825,360
problem.getSolutions() of constraint library yielding no solutions
<p>I'm trying to solve a small constraint problem using the &quot;constraint&quot; library in Python. The code is as follows but the solutions is empty. I was expecting a solution for Km * wt_Km (1 *42). Can somebody help in solving this? Thanks</p> <pre><code>from constraint import * wt_Nd = 1 wt_Qd = 1 wt_Km = 42 wt...
<python><constraint-programming>
2023-01-30 20:10:30
1
469
The August
75,289,579
7,177,478
Leetcode 393: UTF-8 Validation (Python)
<p>problem:</p> <blockquote> <p>Given an integer array data representing the data, return whether it is a valid UTF-8 encoding (i.e. it translates to a sequence of valid UTF-8 encoded characters).</p> <p>A character in UTF8 can be from 1 to 4 bytes long, subjected to the following rules:</p> <p>For a 1-byte character, ...
<python><list><bit>
2023-01-30 20:05:24
0
420
Ian
75,289,517
353,337
Python string plus extra data, mutability
<p>I'm looking for a Python class that behaves exactly like <code>str</code> execpt that</p> <ul> <li>it should be mutable, i.e., its content modifyable in-place, and</li> <li>it should carry some extra data.</li> </ul> <p>This</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class MyString(str): def __init__(se...
<python><string>
2023-01-30 19:59:52
2
59,565
Nico Schlömer
75,289,350
4,826,074
Keep only outer edges of object in an image
<p>I have a number of grayscale images as the left one below. I only want to keep the outer edges of the object in the image using python, preferably OpenCV. I have tried OpenCV erosion and then get the right image below. However, as seen in the image there is still brighter areas inside of the object. I want to remove...
<python><opencv>
2023-01-30 19:41:48
2
380
Johan hvn
75,289,188
8,119,069
Trying to make a scrollable table with tkinter
<p>I'm trying to make a scrollable <strong>grid</strong> table. I had a look at some answers and it seems the way is to make a <strong>Frame</strong>, then put a <strong>Canvas</strong> and a <strong>Scrollbar</strong> next to eachother and apply some commands for scrolling. I have this code here, but I can't figure ou...
<python><python-3.x><tkinter><tkinter-canvas>
2023-01-30 19:25:03
1
501
DoctorEvil
75,289,181
15,341,457
Join rows and concatenate attribute values in a csv file with pandas
<p>I have a csv file structured like this:</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/qhA56.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/qhA56.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p> <p>As you can see, many lines are repeated (they represent the same entity) with the attribute 'category' being t...
<python><pandas><csv><join><row>
2023-01-30 19:24:09
2
332
Rodolfo
75,289,130
4,718,335
Flatten nested Pydantic model
<pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from typing import Union from pydantic import BaseModel, Field class Category(BaseModel): name: str = Field(alias=&quot;name&quot;) class OrderItems(BaseModel): name: str = Field(alias=&quot;name&quot;) category: Category = Field(alias=&quot;category&quot;...
<python><fastapi><pydantic>
2023-01-30 19:18:16
5
1,864
Russell
75,289,020
5,278,205
Remove duplicate numbers separated by a symbol in a string using Hive's REGEXP_REPLACE
<p>I have a spark dataframe with a string column that includes numbers separated by <code>;</code>, for example: <code>862;1595;17;862;49;862;19;100;17;49</code>, I would like to remove the duplicated numbers, leaving the following: <code>862;1595;17;49;19;100</code></p> <p>As far as patterns go I have tried</p> <ol> <...
<python><regex><pyspark><hive><sparklyr>
2023-01-30 19:07:09
1
5,213
Cyrus Mohammadian
75,288,973
6,387,095
Pandas - compare day and month only against a datetime?
<p>I want to compare a <code>timestamp</code> datatype <code>datetime64[ns]</code> with a <code>datetime.date</code> I only want a comparison based on <code>day and month</code></p> <p>df</p> <pre><code> timestamp last_price 0 2023-01-22 14:15:06.033314 100.0 1 2023-01-25 14:15:06.213591 101.0...
<python><pandas><datetime>
2023-01-30 19:02:22
2
4,075
Sid