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What is the purpose of the N2 interface in 5G-AN and 5G Core? [3GPP Release 18] | ['To manage the N2 interface configuration', 'To manage NAS transport procedures', 'To manage resources for PDU Sessions', 'To manage handover procedures', 'To manage the connection of multiple types of 5G-AN to the 5GC'] | 4 | Standards specifications | The N2 interface in 5G-AN and 5G Core is used to connect multiple different kinds of 5G-AN to the 5GC via a unique Control Plane protocol. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What is the significance of the 'Q' parameter in the O-RU antenna model? | ['1. Represents the number of rows of array elements in the array.', '2. Represents the number of polarizations in the array.', '3. Represents the number of overlapping array elements (array-layers) in the array.', '4. Represents the position of the center of the leftmost, bottom element of the array.'] | 2 | ORAN(Hard) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
When evaluating weight-based dynamic beamforming conformance for an O-RU in a UC-Plane scenario, which beam angles should be tested? | ['1. 0 degrees azimuth and elevation, maximum supported azimuth and elevation, maximum supported azimuth and minimum supported elevation, minimum supported azimuth and maximum supported elevation, minimum supported azimuth and minimum supported elevation.', '2. Only the maximum supported azimuth and elevation angles.', '3. Only the minimum supported azimuth and elevation angles.', '4. Only the 0 degrees azimuth and elevation angles.'] | 0 | ORAN(Hard) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What is the significance of the 'Q' parameter in the O-RU antenna model? | ['1. Represents the number of rows of array elements in the array.', '2. Represents the number of polarizations in the array.', '3. Represents the number of overlapping array elements (array-layers) in the array.', '4. Represents the position of the center of the leftmost, bottom element of the array.'] | 2 | ORAN(Hard) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
In the context of O-RAN, what happens if the DRB ID is missing in a RIC Control Request message? | ['1. The E2 node will ignore the request and proceed to the next message.', '2. The E2 node will send a RIC Control Failure.', '3. The E2 node will attempt to deduce the DRB ID from the UE Group Definition IE.', '4. The E2 node will request the missing information from the RIC.'] | 1 | ORAN(Hard) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
In an O-RAN network, what role does the Non-RT RIC play when a RAN slice's Service Level Specification (SLS) cannot be met due to insufficient resources? | ['1. The Non-RT RIC analyzes the situation and configures the RAN to prioritize emergency traffic.', '2. The Non-RT RIC automatically adjusts the QoS parameters to ensure all users receive adequate service.', '3. The Non-RT RIC uses A1 policies to improve the situation based on information from the SMO.', '4. The Non-RT RIC triggers a network upgrade to increase capacity and meet the SLS.'] | 2 | ORAN(Hard) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What is a limitation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in emergency localization? | ['Deliver sub-meter localization accuracy', 'Are integrated in the B5G network infrastructure', 'Suffer from shadowing introduced by foliage and obstacles', 'All of the above', 'None of the above'] | 2 | Research publications | GNSSs in emergency localization suffer from shadowing introduced by foliage, bodies of water, wooden obstacles, etc. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What is the relationship between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) in hybrid beamforming structures at mm-wave frequencies? | ['There is an optimal number of RF chains achieving maximal EE for any given SE', 'EE and SE have a linear relationship', 'EE increases with increasing SE', 'EE decreases with increasing SE'] | 0 | Research publications | There is an optimal number of RF chains in hybrid beamforming structures at mm-wave frequencies that achieves the maximal energy efficiency (EE) for any given spectral efficiency (SE). | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
When can there be two N3 tunnel terminations at the RAN for a PDU Session? [3GPP Release 18] | ['When there are multiple PDU Session Ids for the PDU Session', 'When the QoS Flows of the PDU Session are split across the two RATs', 'When the PDU Session belongs to a specific Network Slice', 'When the Master RAN node is congested', 'When the Secondary RAN node is congested'] | 1 | Standards specifications | If the DL User Plane traffic of some QoS Flows of a PDU Session are directed to the Secondary RAN Node while the remaining QoS Flows are directed to the Master RAN Node, there will be two N3 tunnel terminations at the RAN for such PDU Session. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
When does the AMF enable or disable the 5G access stratum time distribution for a UE? [3GPP Release 18] | ['When UE is in CM-REJECTED state', 'When UE is in CM-IDLE state', 'When UE is in CM-REGISTERED state', 'When UE is in CM-DISCONNECTED state', 'When UE is in CM-CONNECTED state'] | 4 | Standards specifications | If the AMF receives start and stop times, it sends a message to the NG-RAN to enable or disable the 5G access stratum time distribution according to the expiry of start and stop times when the UE is in CM-CONNECTED state. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
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