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import OAI.SetTheory.PartitionPrinciple.Forcing.AtomicTruth
import OAI.SetTheory.PartitionPrinciple.Model
import OAI.SetTheory.PartitionPrinciple.Transfinite.CountableCoding
namespace OAI
namespace PartitionPilot.Forcing
namespace SetFormula
universe u v
theorem map_extend {A : Type u} {B : Type v} {n : Nat}
(f : A → B) (x : A) (env : Fin n → A) :
(fun i => f (extend x env i)) = extend (f x) (fun i => f (env i)) := by
funext i
refine Fin.cases ?_ (fun j => ?_) i
· rfl
· rfl
theorem realize_ex (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula (n + 1))
(env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (ex φ) env ↔ ∃ x ∈ U, Realize U φ (extend x env) := by
classical
simp only [ex, Realize, not_forall, not_not, exists_prop]
theorem realize_disj (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (φ ψ : SetFormula n)
(env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (disj φ ψ) env ↔ Realize U φ env ∨ Realize U ψ env := by
classical
simp only [disj, Realize, not_and_or, not_not]
theorem realize_imp (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (φ ψ : SetFormula n)
(env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (imp φ ψ) env ↔ (Realize U φ env → Realize U ψ env) := by
classical
simp only [imp, Realize, not_and, not_not]
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
open SetRealization
universe u
variable {P : Type u} [Preorder P] {s : Presentation P}
abbrev Assignment (D : Name.NameDomain s) (n : Nat) := Fin n → D.names
def Forces (D : Name.NameDomain s) : {n : Nat} → SetFormula n → Assignment D n → P → Prop
| _, .equal i j, env, p => Name.ForcesEq p (env i).val (env j).val
| _, .mem i j, env, p => Name.ForcesMem p (env i).val (env j).val
| _, .neg φ, env, p => ∀ q, q ≤ p → ¬ Forces D φ env q
| _, .conj φ ψ, env, p => Forces D φ env p ∧ Forces D ψ env p
| _, .all φ, env, p => ∀ τ : D.names, Forces D φ (extend τ env) p
theorem forces_mono (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) {p q : P} (h : Forces D φ env p) (qp : q ≤ p) :
Forces D φ env q := by
induction φ generalizing p q with
| equal i j => exact Name.forcesEq_mono h qp
| mem i j => exact Name.forcesMem_mono h qp
| neg φ _ => exact fun r rq => h r (rq.trans qp)
| conj φ ψ ihφ ihψ => exact ⟨ihφ env h.1 qp, ihψ env h.2 qp⟩
| all φ ih => exact fun τ => ih (extend τ env) (h τ) qp
theorem forces_of_dense (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) {p : P} (dense : DenseBelow p {q | Forces D φ env q}) :
Forces D φ env p := by
induction φ generalizing p with
| equal i j => exact Name.forcesEq_of_dense dense
| mem i j => exact Name.forcesMem_of_dense dense
| neg φ _ =>
intro q qp hq
obtain ⟨r, rq, hr⟩ := dense q qp
exact hr r le_rfl (forces_mono D φ env hq rq)
| conj φ ψ ihφ ihψ =>
exact ⟨ihφ env (denseBelow_mono dense (fun _ h => h.1)),
ihψ env (denseBelow_mono dense (fun _ h => h.2))⟩
| all φ ih =>
exact fun τ => ih (extend τ env) (denseBelow_mono dense (fun _ h => h τ))
theorem not_forces_refine_neg (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) {p : P} (bad : ¬ Forces D φ env p) :
∃ q, q ≤ p ∧ Forces D (.neg φ) env q := by
classical
have missing : ¬ DenseBelow p {q | Forces D φ env q} := fun h => bad (forces_of_dense D φ env h)
change ¬ ∀ q, q ≤ p → ∃ r, r ≤ q ∧ Forces D φ env r at missing
push Not at missing
exact missing
theorem forces_ex_iff (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula (n + 1))
(env : Assignment D n) (p : P) :
Forces D (ex φ) env p ↔ DenseBelow p {q | ∃ τ : D.names, Forces D φ (extend τ env) q} := by
classical
change (∀ q, q ≤ p → ¬ ∀ τ : D.names, ∀ r, r ≤ q → ¬ Forces D φ (extend τ env) r) ↔ _
constructor
· intro h q qp
have witness := h q qp
push Not at witness
obtain ⟨τ, r, rq, hφ⟩ := witness
exact ⟨r, rq, τ, hφ⟩
· intro dense q qp allNeg
obtain ⟨r, rq, τ, hφ⟩ := dense q qp
exact allNeg τ r rq hφ
noncomputable def evalAssignment (H : Set P) {D : Name.NameDomain s} {n : Nat}
(env : Assignment D n) : Fin n → ZFSet.{u} := fun i => Name.eval H (env i).val
omit [Preorder P] in
theorem evalAssignment_extend (H : Set P) {D : Name.NameDomain s} {n : Nat}
(τ : D.names) (env : Assignment D n) :
evalAssignment H (extend τ env) = extend (Name.eval H τ.val) (evalAssignment H env) :=
map_extend (fun τ : D.names => Name.eval H τ.val) τ env
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
universe u
def liftIndex {n m : Nat} (f : Fin n → Fin m) : Fin (n + 1) → Fin (m + 1) :=
Fin.cases 0 (fun i => (f i).succ)
theorem extend_liftIndex {n m : Nat} {A : Type u} (f : Fin n → Fin m)
(x : A) (env : Fin m → A) :
(fun i => extend x env (liftIndex f i)) = extend x (fun i => env (f i)) := by
funext i
refine Fin.cases ?_ (fun j => ?_) i <;> rfl
def reindex : {n m : Nat} → (Fin n → Fin m) → SetFormula n → SetFormula m
| _, _, f, .equal i j => .equal (f i) (f j)
| _, _, f, .mem i j => .mem (f i) (f j)
| _, _, f, .neg φ => .neg (reindex f φ)
| _, _, f, .conj φ ψ => .conj (reindex f φ) (reindex f ψ)
| _, _, f, .all φ => .all (reindex (liftIndex f) φ)
theorem realize_reindex (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n m : Nat} (f : Fin n → Fin m)
(φ : SetFormula n) (env : Fin m → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (reindex f φ) env ↔ Realize U φ (fun i => env (f i)) := by
induction φ generalizing m with
| equal i j => rfl
| mem i j => rfl
| neg φ ih => exact not_congr (ih f env)
| conj φ ψ ihφ ihψ => exact and_congr (ihφ f env) (ihψ f env)
| all φ ih =>
change (∀ x ∈ U, Realize U (reindex (liftIndex f) φ) (extend x env)) ↔ _
apply forall_congr'
intro x
apply forall_congr'
intro _
rw [ih, extend_liftIndex]
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
open SetRealization
universe u
variable {P : Type u} [Preorder P] {s : Presentation P}
def DecisionWitness (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) : Set P := {p | Forces D φ env p ∨ Forces D (.neg φ) env p}
theorem decisionWitness_dense (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) : Dense (DecisionWitness D φ env) := by
classical
intro p
by_cases possible : ∃ q, q ≤ p ∧ Forces D φ env q
· obtain ⟨q, qp, hq⟩ := possible
exact ⟨q, qp, Or.inl hq⟩
· exact ⟨p, le_rfl, Or.inr (fun q qp hq => possible ⟨q, qp, hq⟩)⟩
def AllDecisionWitness (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula (n + 1))
(env : Assignment D n) : Set P :=
{p | Forces D (.all φ) env p ∨ ∃ τ : D.names, Forces D (.neg φ) (extend τ env) p}
theorem allDecisionWitness_dense (D : Name.NameDomain s) {n : Nat}
(φ : SetFormula (n + 1)) (env : Assignment D n) : Dense (AllDecisionWitness D φ env) := by
classical
intro p
by_cases h : Forces D (.all φ) env p
· exact ⟨p, le_rfl, Or.inl h⟩
· change ¬ ∀ τ : D.names, Forces D φ (extend τ env) p at h
push Not at h
obtain ⟨τ, bad⟩ := h
obtain ⟨q, qp, neg⟩ := not_forces_refine_neg D φ (extend τ env) bad
exact ⟨q, qp, Or.inr ⟨τ, neg⟩⟩
def formulaFamily (D : Name.NameDomain s) : Set (Set P) :=
Name.atomicFamily D ∪ {E |
(∃ (n : Nat) (φ : SetFormula n) (env : Assignment D n), E = DecisionWitness D φ env) ∨
∃ (n : Nat) (φ : SetFormula (n + 1)) (env : Assignment D n), E = AllDecisionWitness D φ env}
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
universe u v
def extendMany {n : Nat} {A : Type v} : (k : Nat) →
(Fin k → A) → (Fin n → A) → Fin (n + k) → A
| 0, _, env => env
| k + 1, fields, env => extend (fields 0) (extendMany k (fun j => fields j.succ) env)
def prefixIndex (n : Nat) : (k : Nat) → Fin k → Fin (n + k)
| 0, i => Fin.elim0 i
| k + 1, i => Fin.cases 0 (fun j => (prefixIndex n k j).succ) i
def suffixIndex (n : Nat) : (k : Nat) → Fin n → Fin (n + k)
| 0, i => i
| k + 1, i => (suffixIndex n k i).succ
theorem extendMany_prefix {n : Nat} {A : Type v} (k : Nat)
(fields : Fin k → A) (env : Fin n → A) (i : Fin k) :
extendMany k fields env (prefixIndex n k i) = fields i := by
induction k with
| zero => exact Fin.elim0 i
| succ k ih =>
exact Fin.cases rfl (fun j => ih (fun a => fields a.succ) j) i
theorem extendMany_suffix {n : Nat} {A : Type v} (k : Nat)
(fields : Fin k → A) (env : Fin n → A) (i : Fin n) :
extendMany k fields env (suffixIndex n k i) = env i := by
induction k with
| zero => rfl
| succ k ih => exact ih (fun a => fields a.succ)
theorem extendMany_members {n : Nat} {A : Type v} {U : Set A} (k : Nat)
(fields : Fin k → A) (env : Fin n → A)
(fieldMembers : ∀ i, fields i ∈ U) (envMembers : ∀ i, env i ∈ U) :
∀ i, extendMany k fields env i ∈ U := by
induction k with
| zero => exact envMembers
| succ k ih =>
intro i
exact Fin.cases (fieldMembers 0)
(ih (fun i => fields i.succ) (fun i => fieldMembers i.succ)) i
def exBlock {n : Nat} : (k : Nat) → SetFormula (n + k) → SetFormula n
| 0, body => body
| k + 1, body => exBlock k (ex body)
theorem realize_exBlock (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (k : Nat)
(body : SetFormula (n + k)) (env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (exBlock k body) env ↔
∃ fields : Fin k → ZFSet.{u}, (∀ i, fields i ∈ U) ∧
Realize U body (extendMany k fields env) := by
induction k with
| zero =>
constructor
· intro value
exact ⟨Fin.elim0, fun i => Fin.elim0 i, value⟩
· rintro ⟨_, _, value⟩
exact value
| succ k ih =>
rw [exBlock, ih]
constructor
· rintro ⟨fields, members, rest⟩
obtain ⟨first, hfirst, value⟩ := (realize_ex U _ _).1 rest
let combined : Fin (k + 1) → ZFSet.{u} := Fin.cases first fields
refine ⟨combined, ?_, ?_⟩
· intro i
exact Fin.cases hfirst members i
· exact value
· rintro ⟨fields, members, value⟩
refine ⟨fun i => fields i.succ, fun i => members i.succ, ?_⟩
exact (realize_ex U _ _).2 ⟨fields 0, members 0, value⟩
def conjBlock {n : Nat} : (k : Nat) → (Fin k → SetFormula n) → SetFormula n
| 0, _ => .all (.equal 0 0)
| k + 1, clauses => .conj (clauses 0) (conjBlock k (fun i => clauses i.succ))
theorem realize_conjBlock (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (k : Nat)
(clauses : Fin k → SetFormula n) (env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (conjBlock k clauses) env ↔ ∀ i, Realize U (clauses i) env := by
induction k with
| zero =>
exact ⟨fun _ i => Fin.elim0 i, fun _ _ _ => rfl⟩
| succ k ih =>
change (Realize U (clauses 0) env ∧ Realize U (conjBlock k (fun i => clauses i.succ)) env) ↔ _
rw [ih]
exact ⟨fun h => Fin.cases h.1 h.2, fun h => ⟨h 0, fun i => h i.succ⟩⟩
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
open SetRealization
universe u
variable {P : Type u} [Preorder P] {s : Presentation P}
theorem forcing_truth (D : Name.NameDomain s) (H : ConditionFilter P)
(generic : H.GenericFor (formulaFamily D)) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) :
Realize (D.values {p | H.mem p}) φ (evalAssignment {p | H.mem p} env) ↔
∃ p, H.mem p ∧ Forces D φ env p := by
have atoms : H.GenericFor (Name.atomicFamily D) := fun E hE dense => generic E (Or.inl hE) dense
induction φ with
| equal i j => exact Name.eval_eq_iff_forcesEq D H atoms (env i).property (env j).property
| mem i j => exact Name.eval_mem_iff_forcesMem D H atoms (env i).property (env j).property
| neg φ ih =>
constructor
· intro notTrue
obtain ⟨p, hp, good | bad⟩ := generic (DecisionWitness D φ env)
(Or.inr (Or.inl ⟨_, φ, env, rfl⟩)) (decisionWitness_dense D φ env)
· exact False.elim (notTrue ((ih env).2 ⟨p, hp, good⟩))
· exact ⟨p, hp, bad⟩
· rintro ⟨p, hp, neg⟩ truth
obtain ⟨q, hq, hφ⟩ := (ih env).1 truth
obtain ⟨r, _, rp, rq⟩ := H.directed hp hq
exact neg r rp (forces_mono D φ env hφ rq)
| conj φ ψ ihφ ihψ =>
constructor
· rintro ⟨hφ, hψ⟩
obtain ⟨p, hp, fp⟩ := (ihφ env).1 hφ
obtain ⟨q, hq, fq⟩ := (ihψ env).1 hψ
obtain ⟨r, hr, rp, rq⟩ := H.directed hp hq
exact ⟨r, hr, forces_mono D φ env fp rp, forces_mono D ψ env fq rq⟩
· rintro ⟨p, hp, hφ, hψ⟩
exact ⟨(ihφ env).2 ⟨p, hp, hφ⟩, (ihψ env).2 ⟨p, hp, hψ⟩⟩
| all φ ih =>
constructor
· intro allTrue
obtain ⟨p, hp, good | bad⟩ := generic (AllDecisionWitness D φ env)
(Or.inr (Or.inr ⟨_, φ, env, rfl⟩)) (allDecisionWitness_dense D φ env)
· exact ⟨p, hp, good⟩
· obtain ⟨τ, neg⟩ := bad
have truth := allTrue (Name.eval {q | H.mem q} τ.val) ⟨τ, rfl⟩
rw [← evalAssignment_extend] at truth
obtain ⟨q, hq, hφ⟩ := (ih (extend τ env)).1 truth
obtain ⟨r, _, rp, rq⟩ := H.directed hp hq
exact False.elim (neg r rp (forces_mono D φ (extend τ env) hφ rq))
· rintro ⟨p, hp, allForced⟩ x hx
obtain ⟨τ, rfl⟩ := hx
have truth := (ih (extend τ env)).2 ⟨p, hp, allForced τ⟩
rw [evalAssignment_extend] at truth
exact truth
theorem forces_sound (D : Name.NameDomain s) (H : ConditionFilter P)
(generic : H.GenericFor (formulaFamily D)) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula n)
(env : Assignment D n) {p : P} (hp : H.mem p) (h : Forces D φ env p) :
Realize (D.values {q | H.mem q}) φ (evalAssignment {q | H.mem q} env) :=
(forcing_truth D H generic φ env).2 ⟨p, hp, h⟩
theorem ex_witness_in_filter (D : Name.NameDomain s) (H : ConditionFilter P)
(generic : H.GenericFor (formulaFamily D)) {n : Nat} (φ : SetFormula (n + 1))
(env : Assignment D n) {p : P} (hp : H.mem p) (h : Forces D (ex φ) env p) :
∃ τ : D.names, ∃ q, H.mem q ∧ q ≤ p ∧ Forces D φ (extend τ env) q := by
have truth := forces_sound D H generic (ex φ) env hp h
obtain ⟨x, hx, hxφ⟩ := (realize_ex _ φ _).1 truth
obtain ⟨τ, rfl⟩ := hx
rw [← evalAssignment_extend] at hxφ
obtain ⟨q, hq, hφ⟩ := (forcing_truth D H generic φ (extend τ env)).1 hxφ
obtain ⟨r, hr, rp, rq⟩ := H.directed hp hq
exact ⟨τ, r, hr, rp, forces_mono D φ (extend τ env) hφ rq⟩
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
universe u
def allBlock {n : Nat} : (k : Nat) → SetFormula (n + k) → SetFormula n
| 0, body => body
| k + 1, body => allBlock k (.all body)
theorem realize_allBlock (U : Set ZFSet.{u}) {n : Nat} (k : Nat)
(body : SetFormula (n + k)) (env : Fin n → ZFSet.{u}) :
Realize U (allBlock k body) env ↔
∀ fields : Fin k → ZFSet.{u}, (∀ i, fields i ∈ U) →
Realize U body (extendMany k fields env) := by
induction k with
| zero =>
exact ⟨fun h _ _ => h, fun h => h Fin.elim0 (fun i => Fin.elim0 i)⟩
| succ k ih =>
rw [allBlock, ih]
constructor
· intro h fields ground
exact h (fun i => fields i.succ) (fun i => ground i.succ) (fields 0) (ground 0)
· intro h fields ground x hx
exact h (Fin.cases x fields) (Fin.cases hx ground)
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
open SetRealization
universe u
variable {P : Type u} {s : Presentation P}
theorem realize_extensionality (D : Name.NameDomain s) (H : Set P) :
Realize (D.values H) extensionality Fin.elim0 := by
classical
simp only [extensionality, Realize, imp, extend, Fin.cases_zero,
not_and, not_not]
intro x hx y hy agree
apply D.values_extensionality H hx hy
intro z hz
exact ⟨(agree z hz).1, (agree z hz).2⟩
theorem realize_foundation (D : Name.NameDomain s) (H : Set P) :
Realize (D.values H) foundation Fin.elim0 := by
classical
simp only [foundation, Realize, imp, ex, extend, Fin.cases_zero,
not_and, not_not, not_forall, exists_prop]
intro x hx inhabited
obtain ⟨w, _, wx⟩ := inhabited
have nonempty : x ≠ ∅ := by
intro eq
rw [eq] at wx
exact ZFSet.notMem_empty w wx
obtain ⟨y, hy, yx, disjoint⟩ := D.values_foundation H hx nonempty
refine ⟨y, hy, yx, ?_⟩
rintro ⟨z, _, zx, zy⟩
have member : z ∈ x ∩ y := ZFSet.mem_inter.2 ⟨zx, zy⟩
rw [disjoint] at member
exact ZFSet.notMem_empty z member
theorem basic_axioms_in_generic [Preorder P] (D : Name.NameDomain s)
(H : ConditionFilter P) (generic : H.GenericFor (formulaFamily D)) :
∃ p, H.mem p ∧ Forces D (.conj extensionality foundation) Fin.elim0 p := by
apply (forcing_truth D H generic (.conj extensionality foundation) Fin.elim0).1
have env : evalAssignment {p | H.mem p} (Fin.elim0 : Assignment D 0) = Fin.elim0 := by
funext i
exact Fin.elim0 i
rw [env]
exact ⟨realize_extensionality D _, realize_foundation D _⟩
end SetFormula
namespace SetFormula
open Compression.RecursiveMaps
def natCode : {n : Nat} → SetFormula n → Nat
| _, .equal i j => natPair 0 (natPair i.val j.val)
| _, .mem i j => natPair 1 (natPair i.val j.val)
| _, .neg φ => natPair 2 (natCode φ)
| _, .conj φ ψ => natPair 3 (natPair (natCode φ) (natCode ψ))
| _, .all φ => natPair 4 (natCode φ)
theorem natCode_injective {n : Nat} : Function.Injective (@natCode n) := by
intro φ
induction φ with
| equal i j =>
intro ψ eq
cases ψ <;> simp only [natCode] at eq
· have parts := natPair_injective (natPair_injective eq).2
exact congrArg₂ SetFormula.equal (Fin.ext parts.1) (Fin.ext parts.2)
all_goals have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
| mem i j =>
intro ψ eq
cases ψ <;> simp only [natCode] at eq
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have parts := natPair_injective (natPair_injective eq).2
exact congrArg₂ SetFormula.mem (Fin.ext parts.1) (Fin.ext parts.2)
all_goals have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
| neg φ ih =>
intro ψ eq
cases ψ <;> simp only [natCode] at eq
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· exact congrArg SetFormula.neg (ih (natPair_injective eq).2)
all_goals have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
| conj φ χ ihφ ihχ =>
intro ψ eq
cases ψ <;> simp only [natCode] at eq
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have parts := natPair_injective (natPair_injective eq).2
exact congrArg₂ SetFormula.conj (ihφ parts.1) (ihχ parts.2)
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
| all φ ih =>
intro ψ eq
cases ψ <;> simp only [natCode] at eq
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· have bad := (natPair_injective eq).1; omega
· exact congrArg SetFormula.all (ih (natPair_injective eq).2)
instance countable (n : Nat) : Countable (SetFormula n) := natCode_injective.countable
end SetFormula
end PartitionPilot.Forcing
end OAI