inputs stringlengths 17 1.05M | targets stringlengths 0 2.92M | _template_idx int64 0 9 | _task_source stringclasses 1 value | _task_name stringclasses 70 values | _template_type stringclasses 1 value |
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Next question: where do the boston bruins play their home games?
| TD Garden | 8 | Flan2021 | natural_questions_open:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Complete the following sentence.
When Leslie slammed the dusty book closed, Hunter sneezed, so
Available options: [i] Leslie grabbed a tissue for his nose.; [ii] Hunter grabbed a tissue for his nose.; | [ii] | 8 | Flan2021 | winogrande:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Write an article based on this "Scottish GP surgeries are set to miss a target for online repeat prescription and appointment bookings, research has found."
Article: | The Scottish government target was for 90% to offer these services.
But think tank Reform Scotland has established only four health boards are on track to deliver the changes.
The Scottish government said it was investing money in primary care which will support the introduction of the latest technology.
NHS Highland is one of the poorer-performing health board areas. Just a quarter of practices there offer online appointment bookings and/or repeat prescribing.
Reform Scotland said that, as private sector contractors, most GP surgeries were free to decide for themselves whether to offer online services.
But it has called for NHS boards to allow new GP surgeries to open up alongside existing practices.
The think tank argued this would stimulate competition and offer patients more choice.
Research director Alison Payne said: "The Scottish government and the Royal College of General Practitioners have recognised the benefit of offering more services, such as repeat prescriptions and booking appointments, online. Yet it is clear from these figures that too few people can benefit from these services.
"Ever since the NHS was created, it has always been the case that the majority of GPs were private contractors, just like opticians. If we can choose where to get our eyes tested then we should be able to apply the same flexibility to choose our doctor."
She added: "By giving people greater choice over their GP surgery this will give them much greater influence over the way services are developed."
A Scottish government spokesman said: "We are committed to investing an additional £500m a year by 2021/22 to transform primary care. That transformation will be supported by the latest technology, including offering more services online.
"Investing in new systems means GPs will be able to access and record medical information more quickly, giving them more time to spend with patients during consultations." | 9 | Flan2021 | huggingface:xsum | zs_opt |
Premise: The photo albums collected dust in the attic.
What is the cause?
Options are: (I) They remained untouched for years. (II) The family reminisced over the photos. | (I) | 9 | Flan2021 | super_glue/copa:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book heroes of all time. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first introduced to the world in the pages of Marvel Comic Books. Spiderman's story is the story of Peter Parker, a child who lost his parents and lives with his aunt and uncle. Peter is a shy, quiet boy wearing glasses and has few friends. One day, on a high school class trip to a science lab, he gets bitten by a special spider. Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers: he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense. He no longer needs his glasses and he can use his super power to fly through the city streets! Remembering something his Uncle Ben has told him _ ,Peter decides to use his powers to fight against enemies who do cruel things to people. And so, Spiderman is born. Life is not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero. He is in love with Mary Jane but he can't tell her about his amazing powers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time. He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself!) to a newspaper and he keeps losing his other jobs because he's so busy saving people! Yet he has to fight against different kinds of cruel enemies.
1. Who was created?
2. by whom?
3. when?
4. was he famous?
5. who is he?
6. is he outgoing?
7. what bites him?
8. what did the spider bite do?
9. like what?
10. can he fly?
11. what does he use his power for?
12. does he love anyone?
13. who?
14. does she know?
15. does he have a best friend?
16. what's his name?
17. how does he make money?
18. sells to who?
19. where did he get bit?
20. why was he there?
Provide a numbered list of answers. | 1. Spiderman
2. Stan Lee
3. in 1963
4. yes
5. Peter Parker
6. no
7. a special spider
8. gave him amazing powers
9. he's strong and quick and has a sixth sense
10. yes
11. to fight against enemies who do cruel things
12. yes
13. Mary Jane
14. no
15. yes
16. Harry
17. sells photos of Spiderman/himself
18. a newspaper
19. a science lab
20. a class trip | 7 | Flan2021 | coqa:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Multi-choice problem: does word "dip" have the same meaning in the following two sentences?
I'm going for a dip before breakfast.
This onion dip is just scrumptious.
Choices:
- different meanings;
- the same meaning; | different meanings | 4 | Flan2021 | super_glue/wic:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
In week 11, the Lions visited their division rival, the Chicago Bears. The Bears scored 10 points in the first quarter via a 23-yard field goal from Connor Barth, and a one-yard touchdown pass from Mitchell Trubisky to Adam Shaheen. The Lions scored 21 points in the second quarter via a 27-yard fumble return from D. J. Hayden, a 28-yard touchdown pass from Matthew Stafford to Marvin Jones Jr. and a two-yard touchdown pass from Stafford to Ameer Abdullah. The Bears responded with a 12-yard touchdown run from Jordan Howard, to make the score 21-17 in favor of Detroit at half-time. After a scoreless third quarter, the Lions extended their lead in the fourth quarter via a 27-yard field goal from Matt Prater. The Bears responded with a 15-yard touchdown run from Tarik Cohen to tie the game. The Lions regained the lead via a 52-yard field goal from Prater. The Bears attempted comeback failed when Barth missed a potentially game-tying 46-yard field goal attempt with eight seconds remaining in the game, making the final score 27-24 in favor of Detroit. With the win, the Lions won all of their division games on the road in a season for the first time in franchise history.
What are the two shortest touchdowns? | one-yard touchdown pass | 2 | Flan2021 | drop:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Skype has entered a partnership with Facebook, and they hope that more members join their social network.
Who is "they" in this prior sentence(see options)?
Possible answers:
1). Skype;
2). Facebook; | 2). | 1 | Flan2021 | definite_pronoun_resolution:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Answer the following question:
where was the first burger king restaurant located? | Jacksonville, Florida | 2 | Flan2021 | natural_questions_open:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Fact: breaking down an object changes that object 's shape and mass
Question: When broken down, what happens to an object's shape and mass
What's the answer? pick from the following.
(1). it turns to water;
(2). it shall be broken;
(3). it is then altered;
(4). it stays the same; | (3). | 5 | Flan2021 | openbookqa:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
Complete the following sentence.
Strangely, at the restaurant, the customer only found the dessert fulfilling and not the meal because the
Select from:
* dessert was sparse..
* meal was sparse.. | meal was sparse. | 8 | Flan2021 | winogrande:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Given the fact "the sun is the source of energy for physical cycles on Earth", what is the answer to the question or completion "Every single bit of growth and life on earth is connected to the power of"
Choose from: (a). solar aliens. (b). magic orbs. (c). magic beans. (d). daylight. | (d). | 2 | Flan2021 | openbookqa:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
superstar soccer players ronaldo and zinedine zidane are to line up for a `` match against poverty '' , the u.n. development program announced thursday .
What is a very short summary of the above text? | ronaldo zidane collina in charity match in switzerland | 5 | Flan2021 | gigaword:1.2.0 | zs_opt |
Do these sentences have the same meaning?
Courant Staff Writers Matt Eagan and Ken Davis contributed to this story .
Courant Staff Writer Jeff Goldberg contributed to this story .
Options are: [+] no. [+] yes. | no | 9 | Flan2021 | glue/mrpc:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Data: name = Browns Cambridge, priceRange = moderate. Can you generate a sentence about this data? | Browns Cambridge serves mid-range priced food and customers say it is an okay place to eat. | 1 | Flan2021 | gem/e2e_nlg:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Dialogue:
Trevor: So what are we doing for Evans birthday?
Masha: Your parents coming on Sunday right? I'll ask my mother to come as well then. Maybe we can go for lunch?
Trevor: yeah ok
Trevor: and his friends are coming over on Saturday?
Masha: yes but I don't really have a plan yet. He said he wanted to go to the park. But then we have to ship the whole party picnic thing to the park
Trevor: also not so cool if it rains...
Masha: true. we might have to talk to him about Saturday again.
Trevor: I'll have a word tonight.
Masha: and what are we doing for presents? My mum is giving him that backpack he likes.
Trevor: were we going to give him an Xbox?
Masha: does he want that or do you want that? ;)
Trevor: good point, he'll love it though
Masha: I think he will actually, he likes that Island game
Trevor: Dead Island?!? that is a killing horror game, for 18 and over!!!
Masha: not that one then! 😱 How does he know about it then?
Trevor: Maybe he means another one. lets hope so anyway. There will be loads of cool games for him though!
Masha: and you?
Trevor: yes 😜
Masha: cool lets do that then, are you able to sort that out? He'll need some APPROPRIATE games as well I guess. I wouldn't know where to start...
Trevor: Yeah no worries, I'll go after work. Can you chat with him about his party then please? I might not be back in time.
Masha: yeah sure. Have a good day!
Trevor: You too, love you
Masha: xxx
What is a summary of this dialogue? | Trevor, Masha, Evans, and their parents are meeting on Sunday to celebrate Evans' birthday. They will have a picnic if the weather is nice. He is celebrating with his friends on Saturday. He will get a backpack form Masha's mum and an Xbox from Trevor and Masha. Trevor will buy him games after work. | 2 | Flan2021 | samsum:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
This text is missing some spaces, please add them: spy,clothed,uniform,stockings,matureanal,bigass,dogging
| spy, clothed, uniform, stockings, mature anal, big ass, dogging | 5 | Flan2021 | word_segment | zs_opt |
Answer this question:
who sings here we go again on our own?? | Whitesnake | 3 | Flan2021 | natural_questions_open:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Translate the following.
English: Talk to your doctor about this risk.
Spanish: | Consulte con su médico sobre este riesgo. | 7 | Flan2021 | para_crawl_enes | zs_opt |
Translate "However, it is my responsibility to set the record straight for those who will judge this draft resolution on its merits." to French? | Toutefois, je me dois de mettre les choses au clair pour ceux qui jugeront le projet de résolution sur ses mérites. | 7 | Flan2021 | wmt14_translate/fr-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
In the county, the population was spread out with 34.20% under the age of 18, 9.80% from 18 to 24, 26.30% from 25 to 44, 19.40% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 104.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.10 males.
Answer this question: How many more males were there than females out of every 100? | 2.4 | 3 | Flan2021 | drop:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Q: Who is Johnny Carson ?
Which one of the following options would the answer to this be?
Choose from:
-- description
-- entity
-- abbreviation
-- human
-- numeric
-- location
A: | human | 8 | Flan2021 | trec:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
News article:
A newly discovered clay tablet in the Sulaymaniah Museum in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq has corrected the order of chapters, filled in blanks and added 20 lines to the Epic of Gilgamesh. Since the invasion of Iraq and subsequent orgy of looting, the museum has a matter of policy paid smugglers to keep artifacts from leaving the country, no questions asked. The tablet was acquired by the museum in late 2011 as part of a collection of 80-90 tablets sold by an unnamed shady character. Professor Farouk Al-Rawi examined the collection while the seller haggled with museum official Abdullah Hashim. When Al-Rawi he saw this tablet, he told Hashim to pay whatever the seller wanted: $800.
Even caked in mud the tablet’s importance was instantly recognizable to the expert. Once it was clean, Al-Rawi identified it as a fragment of Tablet V of the Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh.
The tablet is the left half of a six-column tablet written in Neo-Babylonian. It’s composed of three fragments that have been glued together, oddly enough, probably either by the original excavators or the seller. It is 11 centimeters (4.3 inches) high, 9.5 cm (3.7 inchs) wide and three cm (1.2 inches) thick.
The tablet adds new verses to the story of how Gilgamesh and Enkidu slew the forest demigod Humbaba. Gilgamesh, King of Uruk, gets the idea to kill the giant Humbaba, guardian of the Cedar Forest, home of the gods, in Tablet II. He thinks accomplishing such a feat of strength will gain him eternal fame. His wise companion (and former wild man) Enkidu tries to talk him out of it — Humbaba was set to his task by the god Enlil — but stubborn Gilgamesh won’t budge, so Enkidu agrees to go with him on this quest. Together they overpower the giant. When the defeated Humbaba begs for mercy, offering to serve Gilgamesh forever and give him every sacred tree in the forest, Gilgamesh is moved to pity, but Enkidu’s blood is up now and he exhorts his friend to go through with the original plan to kill the giant and get that eternal renown he craves. Gilgamesh cuts Humbaba’s head off and then cuts down the sacred forest. The companions return to Uruk with the trophy head and lots of aromatic timber.
The newly discovered tablet casts a new whole light on Humbaba and his forest home. From the absolutely fascinating paper about the find (pdf), which includes the entire text of the tablet both transliterated and translated into English, published by Farouk Al-Rawi and Andrew George of the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies:
The most interesting addition to knowledge provided by the new source is the continuation of the description of the Cedar Forest, one of the very few episodes in Babylonian narrative poetry when attention is paid to landscape. The cedars drip their aromatic sap in cascades (ll. 12–16), a trope that gains power from cedar incense’s position in Babylonia as a rare luxury imported from afar. The abundance of exotic and costly materials in fabulous lands is a common literary motif. Perhaps more surprising is the revelation that the Cedar Forest was, in the Babylonian literary imagination, a dense jungle inhabited by exotic and noisy fauna (17–26). The chatter of monkeys, chorus of cicada, and squawking of many kinds of birds formed a symphony (or cacophony) that daily entertained the forest’s guardian, Ḫumbaba. The passage gives a context for the simile “like musicians” that occurs in very broken context in the Hittite version’s description of Gilgameš and Enkidu’s arrival at the Cedar Forest. Ḫumbaba’s jungle orchestra evokes those images found in ancient Near Eastern art, of animals playing musical instruments. Ḫumbaba emerges not as a barbarian ogre and but as a foreign ruler entertained with music at court in the manner of Babylonian kings, but music of a more exotic kind, played by a band of equally exotic musicians. The aftermath of the heroes’ slaying of Ḫumbaba is now better preserved (300–308). The previously available text made it clear that Gilgameš and Enkidu knew, even before they killed Ḫumbaba, that what they were doing would anger the cosmic forces that governed the world, chiefly the god Enlil. Their reaction after the event is now tinged with a hint of guilty conscience, when Enkidu remarks ruefully that [ana] tušār ništakan qišta, “we have reduced the forest [to] a wasteland’ (303). The anxiety about offending the gods seems to a modern reader compounded by ecological regret. Enkidu goes on to imagine the angry questions that Enlil will ask them when they arrive home: minû uzzakunūma taraḫḫisā qišta, “what was this wrath of yours that you went trampling the forest?” (306). In the theme of the angry gods, the poems about Ḫumbaba in both Sumerian and Akkadian already displayed an ethical ambivalence toward the expedition to his Cedar Forest, arising from what one commentator has called the “double nature” of the forest’s guardian as ogre and servant of Enlil (Forsyth 1981: 21). This newly recovered speech of Enkidu adds to the impression that, to the poets’ minds, the destruction of Ḫumbaba and his trees was morally wrong.
Here is a video of Hazha Jalal, curator of the Sulaymaniyah Museum, displaying the tablet and talking about it in Kurdish. Translation below courtesy of neurologist and Mesopotamian history buff Dr. Osama S. M. Amin.
[youtube=https://youtu.be/tl1zlHJnpKc&w=430]
“The tablet dates back to the Neo-Bablyonian period, 2000-1500 BCE. It is a part of tablet V of the epic. It was acquired by the Museum in the year 2011 and that Dr. Farouk Al-Raw transliterated it. It was written as a poem and many new things this version has added, for example Gilgamesh and his friend met a monkey. We are honored to house this tablet and any one can visit the Museum during its opening hours from 8:30 morning to noon. The entry is free for you and your guests. Thank you.”
This entry was posted on Monday, September 28th, 2015 at 11:58 PM and is filed under Ancient, Looting, Museums. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed. ||||| I was taking photos in the main hall of the Sulaymaniyah Museum and came across a display case containing a small clay tablet. The description beside it said the tablet was part of the Epic of Gilgamesh and a fragment of tablet V. Immediately I thought it was a ‘replica’ as the description was superficial. It did not say the tablet was genuine, that it was newly discovered or even told about the many new pieces of information it had revealed.
After the US-led invasion of Iraq and the dramatic looting of Iraqi and other museums, the Sulaymaniyah Museum (directed by the council of ministers of Iraqi Kurdistan) started an initiative. They paid smugglers to ‘intercept’ archeological artifacts on their journey to other countries. No questions were asked about who was selling the piece or where it came from. The Sulaymaniyah Museum believed this condition kept smugglers from selling their merchandise to other buyers, as they would have otherwise done so ‘with ease and without any legal consequences.’
In late 2011, the Sulaymaniyah Museum acquired a collection of clay tablets: The collection was composed of 80-90 tablets of different shapes, contents and sizes. All of the tablets were, to some degree, still covered with mud. Some were completely intact, while others were fragmented. The precise location of their excavation is unknown, but it is likely that they were illegally unearthed from, what is known today as, the southern part of the Babel (Babylon) or Governorate, Iraq (Mesopotamia).
While the seller negotiated the prices, Professor Farouk Al-Rawi (of the School of Oriental and African Studies in London) rapidly examined each item in terms of its content and originality. He even found a few fakes! The seller wanted a large sum of money for the tablet of the Epic of Gilgamesh. He did not know what it represented, he only knew it was relatively large. Still, this tablet captured the attention of Professor Al-Rawi when he skimmed the cuneiform inscriptions on it. He immediately intervened and told Mr. Hashim to buy it, “just give him what he wants, I will tell you later on,” Al-Rawi said to Abdullah. The final price was $800.
Millimeter by millimeter Professor Al-Rawi cleaned the tablet. It was composed of 3 fragments and amazingly the fragments were already joined together… by whom, the excavators or the smugglers? We’ll never know.
Soon enough Al-Rawi realized that this tablet was one of the tablets of the Epic of Gilgamesh. He informed his colleague Professor Andrew R. George about this discovery and with the help of Mrs. Hero Talabani (wife of the former Iraqi president Mr. Jalal Talabani) Professor George received a funded visit to the Sulaymaniyah Museum. Professors Al-Rawi and George resided in a guest house belonging to the General Directorate of the Antiquities of Sulaymaniyah.
In November 2012, work started on reading and translating the cuneiform texts; it took five days. Al-Rawi also drew sketches of both the tablet’s obverse and reverse sides. According to Al-Rawi and George, the new tablet is inscribed in Neo-Babylonian cuneiform language and represents the left half of the sixth tablet column. The tablet can be found at number T.1447 in the Sulaymaniyah Museum. It is 11 cm in height, 9.5 cm in width, and 3 cm in thickness.
The museum’s description beside the tablet said that it dates back to the old-Babylonian period (2003-1595 BCE).While Al-Rawi and George’s article hints it was inscribed by a neo-Babylonian writer (626-539 BCE).
The new T.1447 tablet, according to the article Back to the Cedar Forest: The beginning and end of Tablet V of the Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgameš published in June, 2014 is:
The revised reconstruction of Tablet V yields text that is nearly twenty lines longer than previously known.
The obverse (columns i-ii) duplicates the Neo-Assyrian fragments which means the Epic tablet can be placed in order and used to fill in the gaps between them. It also shows the recension on Tablet V was in Babylonia, as well as Assyria and that “ izzizūma inappatū qišta” is the same phrase that other tablets being with.
The reverse (columns v-vi) duplicates parts of the reverse (columns iv-vi) of the late Babylonian tablet excavated at Uruk that begins with the inscription “ Humbāba pâšu īpušma iqabbi izakkara ana Gilgāmeš” .
The most interesting piece of information provided by this new source is the continuation of the description of the Cedar Forest: Gilgamesh and Enkidu saw ‘monkeys’ as part of the exotic and noisy fauna of the Cedar Forest; this was not mentioned in other versions of the Epic. Humbaba emerges, not as a barbarian ogre, and but as a foreign ruler entertained with exotic music at court in the manner of Babylonian kings. The chatter of monkeys, chorus of cicada, and squawking of many kinds of birds formed a symphony (or cacophony) that daily entertained the forest’s guardian, Humbaba.
The aftermath of Gilgamesh and Enkidu’s slaying of Humbaba is now better preserved.
The passages are consistent with other versions and confirm what was already known. For example, Enkidu had spent some time with Humbaba in his youth.
I believe it is important to draw attention to this tablet because of it’s significance and it is my pleasure to tell you all about it!
I am a consultant neurologist not an archeologist so many thanks goes to Mr. Kamal Rashid, (director of the General Directorate of Antiquities of Sulaymaniyah) Mr. Hashim Hama Abdullah, (director of the Sulaymaniyah Museum) and Miss Hazha Jalal, (manager of the tablets’ section of the Museum) for their kind help and unlimited cooperation.
Miss Hazha Jalal, (manager of the tablet’s section at the Sulaymaniyah Museum of Iraqi Kurdistan) speaks (using Kurdish language) about this tablet: “The tablet dates back to the Neo-Bablyonian period. It is a part of tablet V of the Epic. It was acquired by the Museum in the year 2011 and Dr. Farouk Al-Raw transliterated it. It was written as a poem and this version has added many new things, for example Gilgamesh and his friend met a monkey. We are honored to house this tablet and anyone can visit the Museum during its opening hours from 8:30 AM to 2:00 PM. The entry is free for you and your guests. Thank you.” |||||
What is a shorter version of the above article? | – When a man arrived at Iraq's Sulaymaniyah Museum offering to sell 80 to 90 clay tablets in 2011, it was Farouk Al-Rawi's job to study them. The professor at SOAS, University of London, found a few fakes in the mix, but spent much of his time examining a large inch-thick tablet, for which the seller was asking a large sum. Suddenly, Al-Rawi told the museum's director to buy the thing, 4.3 inches long by 3.7 inches wide, no matter the cost. As Al-Rawi had suspected, the $800 buy turned out to be a missing version of the 12-tablet Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, considered to be among the first pieces of literature, the History Blog reports, via Ancient History Etc. After five days spent translating the Neo-Babylonian cuneiform language, Al-Rawi discovered the tablet was a fragment of Tablet V of the poem and adds 20 lines and previously unknown details. The tablet, made of three fragments, had been glued together, but researchers aren't sure who repaired it or even who dug it up. Scientists do suspect, however, that the collection came from the ancient area of Babylon. Tablet V tells of Gilgamesh, king of Uruk, and his companion Enkidu going to kill the giant Humbaba, who guards the Cedar Forest, home of the gods. The tablet confirms Enkidu spent time with Humbaba as a boy, but shows Humbaba to be more of a "foreign ruler" than a "barbarian ogre," the impression that comes across in other versions, according to 2014 study. It mentions that monkeys, cicadas, and birds were present in the forest, and their chatter formed a kind of symphony. It also shows that Gilgamesh and Enkidu felt guilty after killing Humbaba, which hadn't previously been referenced. (A study of its ink lends credibility to the so-called "Gospel of Jesus' Wife.") | 5 | Flan2021 | multi_news:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
However, wealth is highly concentrated among a small percentage of the population.
Translate to French. | Cependant, les richesses sont fortement concentrées entre les mains d'un petit pourcentage de la population. | 0 | Flan2021 | wmt14_translate/fr-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Sentence: "Medea poisoned who?"
Pick from options: would a linguist rate this sentence to be acceptable linguistically?
Available options: 1). unacceptable 2). acceptable...I think the answer is | 2). | 0 | Flan2021 | glue/cola:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Q: What do Mormons believe ?
Which one of the following options would the answer to this be?
OPTIONS:
[i] description
[ii] entity
[iii] abbreviation
[iv] human
[v] numeric
[vi] location
A: | [i] | 8 | Flan2021 | trec:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Der von uns angenommene Text wird in vier Jahren überarbeitet.
Translate this to English? | The text we have adopted will be revised in four years' time. | 3 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/de-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Sentences: 1. Many of these laws would be much more difficult to enforce than a blanket ban .
2. Child performers are currently protected by laws about all sorts of things from the minimum amount of education they may get to their pay and how many hours they can work .
3. The government could then bring charges against those who are employing the child and fine them .
4. It would be simple to enforce as child performers would in most cases be easy to spot as they are performing for the public .
What claim can be made from these sentences? | Just as the state creates laws to protect child performers it could ban child performers | 1 | Flan2021 | opinion_abstracts_idebate | zs_opt |
How might one describe the sentiment of this review?
This place is awesome A nice variety of slices, and of the 3 or 4 I tried, I'd say the 18b slice was my favorite. The crust has a great crunch to it, and the cheese and toppings are fantastic. As a local and a frequenter of downtown, I'm really excited that this place is here. Can't wait to see what's next for this place!...Choose from: -negative. -positive. I think the answer is | positive | 6 | Flan2021 | yelp_polarity_reviews:0.2.0 | zs_opt |
The design variations, also called “views,” also appear on the back of the envelope. These line drawings include more design details, such as darts, seam lines, and potential lengths. Each view is identified by a symbol, typically a letter. The symbol is used in charts and the pattern to identify information about that specific view. The back of the pattern envelope contains a list of fabrics suitable for this garment. Read through the list carefully. Select a fabric that is appropriate for the garment and that you are comfortable working with. In addition to fabric, your pattern may require notions and trims. The “Notions” section will list all of the additional pieces you will need to complete the garment. These may include items such as zippers, hook and eye closures, and elastic. Pattern sizing rarely aligns with ready to wear sizes. When cutting the pattern, you will follow lines for a specific size. Therefore, it is essential to accurately determine your size instead of assuming that you are a certain size. Use a measuring tape to measure various points on your body listed on the pattern envelope, such as your chest or bust, waist, and hips. Match your measurements to the measurements provided on the chart to determine your pattern size. The fabric requirements are listed directly below the body measurement and size charts. Locate the row containing the design variation you intend to create. Follow the row over until you reach the column containing your pattern size. The number in this cell is the amount of yardage you will need to complete the garment in your pattern size. Most patterns will list alternative lengths for different widths of fabrics (45 inches wide v. 60 inches wide). The last box in the chart contains information on the finished garment measurements. The finished garment will be slightly larger than your body measurements to allow for ease, or the fabric added to a garment so you may wear it comfortably. This information is often printed onto the pattern as well.
Summary: | View the design drawings. Read the fabric suggestions. Read the notion and trim requirements. Study the body measurement and size chart. Asses the fabric requirements. Note the finished garment measurements. | 0 | Flan2021 | gem/wiki_lingua_english_en:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Choose your answer: is the following review positive or negative?
Lets first start with the ambiance. The furniture and decor was outdated. It was dark, gloomy, and far from elegant being the prices were more then your average restaurant. It needs a lot of gordon ramsays help to fix this restaurant. The service was average, if that. We started with the shirazi salad which contained diced cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, a little bit of EVOO, and a tremendous amount of lemon juice. It was very difficult to enjoy with the sour/tart aftertaste. Since this was our first time, we decided to order the chefs special platter. It contained chicken breast kebob, ground beef Kebob, and lamb Kebob. On top of that we also ordered the shish Kebob platter. This platter contained "filet mignon" Kebob (biggest lie, filet mignon isn't a thin strip of meat which is tough, unless they don't know how to cook it), another chicken breast Kebob and lamb Kebob. We ordered these platters for some variety, but the funny thing is, there was no variety. All of the meats were marinated in the same spices/sauce that in result, didn't allow us to differentiate between all of the different meats. I am a foody and I cook traditional shish Kebob at home, being that I am from the Middle East. This restaurant does not deserve to sell and advertise their horribly tasting Kebobs. Having said that, their basmati rice was my favorite dish. That is why I'm generous enough to give them two stars. In conclusion, 6 skewers of the same exact tasting meats, a huge portion of basmati rice, small bowl of salad, and two hot teas costed roughly 120 dollars with tip. Don't waste your time and gas. You would have a better service at McDonald's.
Select from the following.
[-] negative;
[-] positive; | negative | 4 | Flan2021 | yelp_polarity_reviews:0.2.0 | zs_opt |
I stopped to look at a map , felt a stinging in my left leg ... and looked down to a mosquito . And then another . Sigh . I have issues with mosquitoes . Maybe I have sweet blood ?
Q with options: Give answer the following question using evidence from the above passage: Where might I be visiting currently ?
Available choices: [-] I might be visiting an area not familiar to me which is why I need a map . [-] None of the above choices . [-] I might be visiting an area familiar to me which is why I need a map . [-] I might be visiting an area familiar to me which is why I have a map . | I might be visiting an area not familiar to me which is why I need a map . | 4 | Flan2021 | cosmos_qa:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Translate the following sentence to German:
Where can the needed funds come from?
German: | Wo das Geld hernehmen? | 5 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/de-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Choose the next sentence for this paragraph.
(CNN) -- As a shivering and nervous new recruit to the British Army in 2007 -- wearing three layers just to keep warm -- Semesa Rokoduguni began to seriously question why he had left the tropical Pacific Island of Fiji. "Everyone just looked at me and burst out laughing," he told CNN's Human to Hero series. With limited grasp of the English language, Rokoduguni had to bite his lip and take his medicine to earn the respect of his colleagues in the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards, a tank regiment based in Germany. But fast forward six years and Rokoduguni has had the last laugh because when he is not patrolling the front line with the army in dangerous trouble spots such as Afghanistan, he is charging to the try line at the home of rugby union Twickenham.
But Rokoduguni also believes the teamwork ethic that is necessary for very survival in a theater of conflict such as
OPTIONS:
- Afghanistan can cross over to sports.
- Army-Navy can cross over to sports.
- Bath can cross over to sports.
- British Army can cross over to sports.
- CNN can cross over to sports.
- English can cross over to sports.
- Fiji can cross over to sports.
- Fijian can cross over to sports.
- Germany can cross over to sports.
- Human to Hero can cross over to sports.
- Pacific Island can cross over to sports.
- Rokodoguni can cross over to sports.
- Rokoduguni can cross over to sports.
- Royal Scots Dragoon Guards can cross over to sports.
- Semesa Rokoduguni can cross over to sports.
- Twickenham can cross over to sports.
| Afghanistan can cross over to sports. | 7 | Flan2021 | super_glue/record:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
"Mluvíte jako Provozní technik."
Which language is this? | Czech | 9 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/cs-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Q: Air is made up of many gases. Which gas is found in the greatest amount?
What is the correct answer to this question?
Pick your answer from:
[A]. Nitrogen;
[B]. Oxygen;
[C]. Carbon dioxide;
[D]. Hydrogen;...A: | [A]. | 3 | Flan2021 | ai2_arc/ARC-Easy:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Iran Dismisses Reported U.N. Nuclear Work Claims
TEHRAN, Iran – New intelligence the U.N. atomic agency plans to release on alleged nuclear weapons work by Iran is fabricated, the Iranian foreign minister said Saturday.
Diplomats have told The Associated Press that the International Atomic Energy Agency plans to reveal intelligence in the coming week suggesting Iran made computer models of a nuclear warhead, as well as other previously undisclosed details on alleged secret work by Tehran on nuclear arms.
Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi accused the IAEA of giving in to U.S. pressure to level accusations against Iran, which insists its nuclear program is only for peaceful aims like energy production.
"Iran has already responded to the alleged studies in 117 pages. We've said time and again that these are forgeries similar to faked notes," Salehi told a news conference in Tehran.
Salehi, Iran's former nuclear chief, asserted that allegations proven false in the past are being reproduced.
"The Americans raised documents like this in the past: the Niger scandal," he said, referring to claims -- based on a forgery -- that Iraq under Saddam Hussein had sought uranium from Niger.
"The documents were used as a pretext to invade Iraq," Salehi said. "After killing tens of thousands of innocent people, it was discovered that it was a forged document."
Iran has previously claimed that reports on alleged nuclear weapons activities were based on false information provided by a "few arrogant countries," a phrase authorities in Iran use to refer to the United States and its allies.
Salehi accused the IAEA of violating its neutrality and siding with U.S. intelligence claims under new agency chief Yukiya Amano, saying he is using information that his predecessor, Mohamed ElBaradei, said the agency could not authenticate independently.
"The IAEA should not do things under pressure. ... Iran's nuclear issue is not a technical or legal issue. It's a totally political case," Salehi said.
Iran has in the past dismissed investigations by the IAEA into the so-called Green Salt Project, which the U.S. alleged was an Iranian plan studying diverse components of a nuclear weapons program, including uranium enrichment and high explosives testing.
But Washington has refused to hand over the original documents to the IAEA and only presented a copy to the agency to support its claims. Iran has argued that U.S. reluctance to hand over original documents reinforces its assertion that they are forged.
Iran is already under U.N. sanctions for its refusal to halt uranium enrichment, a technology that can be used to produce reactor fuel or material for a warhead. Iran insists its nuclear work is only to produce energy and conduct peaceful scientific research.
Write a one or two sentence summary. | New intelligence the U.N. atomic agency plans to release on alleged nuclear weapons work by Iran is fabricated, the Iranian foreign minister said Saturday. | 0 | Flan2021 | newsroom:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Use this fact to answer the question: metal is an electrical energy conductor
To move electrical energy around a field, a person would use
Select from the following. (i). tin pipes. (ii). glass tubing. (iii). plastic wires. (iv). wood barrels.
The answer is: | (i). | 6 | Flan2021 | openbookqa:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
Write a text based on this summary: soldier injured defusing bomb in nepal
Text: | a soldier trying to defuse a small bomb was injured thursday when it exploded , police said . | 8 | Flan2021 | gigaword:1.2.0 | zs_opt |
Here is a news article: Abstract Objective In contrast to proposals that physical activity (PA) can be a substitute for alcohol use, people who engage in greater overall PA generally consume more alcohol on average than less-active peers. Acknowledging that both PA and alcohol use vary considerably from day-to-day, this study evaluated whether established associations reflect daily behavioral coupling within-person, are an artifact of procedures that aggregate behavior over time, or both. Methods A lifespan sample of 150 adults (aged 19–89 years) completed three 21-day measurement bursts of a daily diary study. At the end of each day, they reported on their PA and alcohol consumption. Data were analyzed in a negative binomial multilevel regression. Results As expected, both behaviors exhibited limited between-person variation. After controlling for age, sex, and seasonal and social calendar influences, daily deviations in PA were significantly associated with daily total alcohol use. Once the within-person process linking PA and alcohol use was controlled, usual PA and total alcohol use were not associated. Conclusions The established between-person association linking PA and alcohol use reflects the aggregation of a daily process that unfolds within-people over time. Further work is needed to identify mediators of this daily association and to evaluate causality, as well as to investigate these relations in high-risk samples. Keywords: exercise, substance use, intraindividual, smartphone
Methods Participants Data are drawn from the Intraindividual Study of Aging, Health, and Interpersonal Behavior (Ram et al., 2014), a study of 150 community-dwelling adults (51% women) recruited from The Pennsylvania State University and surrounding community. Purposively stratified by gender and across the adult life span, they were between 19 and 89 years of age (M = 47.64, SD = 18.85) in bins from 18–24 (n=22), 25–34 (n=27), 35–49 (n=30), 50–64 (n=41), and 65+ (n=30). Participants had obtained between 2 and 24 years of formal education (M = 16.36, SD = 3.90), and between 0 and 6 children (M = 1.5, SD = 1.41). Largely mirroring the local population, participants self-identified as Caucasian (91%), African American (4%), Asian American (1%), and Mixed or Other (4%) ethnicity; and as heterosexual (93%) or bisexual, gay, or lesbian (6%), with less than 1% of the participants declining to indicate sexual orientation. Participants described their employment status as full time employed (49%), retired (18%), students (15%), part-time employed (15%), or unemployed (3%). Participants’ yearly family income ranged from ‘under $20,000’ to ‘$200,000 and over’ (Median = ‘$50,000 – $74,999’, Mode = ‘$20,000 – $49,999’), with 8.7% declining to answer. Comprehensive information about the study can be found elsewhere (Ram et al., 2014). Methodological details relevant to the present study are included below. Procedures Participants completed three 21-day measurement bursts at regular intervals (mean interval between bursts = 124 days, SD = 38) with lab visits at the beginning and end of each measurement burst. During those lab visits, participants completed a series of web-based surveys that included demographic characteristics (distributed throughout the study to minimize burden during any single lab visit). During each 21-day measurement burst, participants used a custom smartphone survey application to provide end-of-day reports of their alcohol use and PA. In the first lab visit, a research assistant trained participants how to answer each question on the survey and specifically provided definitions of serving sizes and examples of different intensities of PA (this information was also available in the study handbook given to participants as well as in a help screen linked to those questions on the smartphone). Upon completing each daily report, participants’ time- and date-stamped data were transmitted wirelessly to a secure server and backed-up locally on the phone to minimize missing data due to transmission errors. When participants returned to the lab at the end of each burst, data were downloaded from their phones to fill in any non-transmitted observations. Participants’ compensation was pro-rated based on their compliance with study procedures. In total each person contributed an average of 57.1 days (SD = 12.68) of data. All procedures were approved by the institutional review board and participants provided written informed consent for all procedures prior to data collection. Measures Daily alcohol use was measured using three items where participants were asked to indicate the number of standard servings of beer (12 fl oz), wine (5 fl oz), and liquor (1.5 fl oz) consumed that day. The response scale included 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5+ as options. Along with number of drink type-specific servings consumed, number of total servings of alcohol was calculated for each day as the sum of the three drink types. Daily physical activity was measured using items adapted from the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (Godin & Shephard, 1985). This measure was adapted from a previous-week recall to a same-day recall – an adaptation that should reduce error variance due to recall failures and reliance on heuristics (Matthews et al., 2012). Participants reported the number of 10+ min bouts of mild-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity PA that they engaged in each day. Weights corresponding to the metabolic equivalents of each level of activity were applied (mild = 3, moderate = 5, vigorous = 9) and weighted responses were summed to create a daily PA score. Following usual practice (see Schwartz & Stone, 1998) the daily measures of PA were person-centered and split into time-invariant and time-varying components. Usual PA was calculated as the person-specific mean across all days, and daily PA deviations as day-to-day differences from those means. Demographic characteristics were assessed using self-reports of personal (e.g., age, sex, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, employment status, education) and family characteristics (e.g., household income, number of children). Drawing from time stamps on each record, within-person dummy variables were created for each day of the week and month of the year except Tuesday and November (which served as reference categories because they had the lowest mean alcohol consumption). Data Analysis Generalized multilevel models were used to accommodate the data structure with days nested within people (Snijders & Bosker, 1999) and to test hypotheses about both the within- and between-person associations between PA (daily and aggregate [usual], respectively) and alcohol use. All models were fit to the data using Mplus 5.2 (Muthén & Muthén, 1998). Although the missingness (≪ 1%) mechanism was unknown, we treated incomplete data within available records as missing at random based on the null correlations between the number of days with observations and person-level scores for key study variables. In the first step of the analysis we evaluated the utility of different distributional assumptions for accommodating the count nature of the alcohol servings variable. Specifically, we fit a series of unconditional models to participants’ total servings and compared the resulting fit indices to evaluate the relative fit of models that treated the outcome variable as Gaussian, Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson, or negative binomial (Coxe, West, & Aiken, 2009; Hilbe, 2011).1 As an example, the most complex of these, the negative binomial model, is given as E ( y it ) = log ( μ i t ) = γ 00 + u 0 i (1) where μ it is the expected number of alcohol servings for person i on day t, u 0i are residuals that are assumed normally distributed with mean 0 and variance σ2 u0 and γ 00 is the fixed effect intercept coefficient. The number of alcohol servings for person i on day t, y it , is assumed to be negative binomial distributed with a variance given by μ i t + α μ i t 2 , where α is the dispersion parameter. In the second step of the analysis (unadjusted model), we expanded the best-fitting model by adding daily and usual PA as predictors of alcohol use. For example, following the negative binomial model above, Equation 1 became E(y it ) = log(μ it ) + β 0i + β 1i (Daily PA it ) (2) with β 0 i = γ 00 + γ 01 ( Usual PA i ) + u 0 i (3) β 1i = γ 10 (4) where γ 10 = β 1i represents the average within-person association between daily deviations in PA and alcohol use, γ 01 represents the between-person association between usual PA (centered) and alcohol use, and β 0i represents average alcohol servings adjusted for daily deviations in PA. In practice, coefficients are converted to readily-interpretable incident rate ratios by exponentiation. In the third step of the analysis (adjusted model), equations (3) and (4) were expanded to include the control variables. Specifically, previous-day PA, previous-day alcohol use, day of week (via a set of dummy variables), and season (via a set of dummy variables) were included as additional predictors in Equation 2, and age (centered), sex (0=female, 1 = male), and their two-way interactions with each other and usual PA were included as additional predictors in Equations 3 and 4.
Results The dataset comprised 8574 daily records which represented 91% of 9450 (=150 participants × 21 days/burst × 3 bursts) possible daily records. Alcohol use data were available in 99.6% of these records. The upper portion of shows that beer accounted for the majority of daily alcohol servings; however, zero was both the mode and median for daily consumption of all three drinks as well as total servings. Participants consumed one or more total servings of alcohol on an average of 1.91 days/week (SD = 2.20; mode = 0, median = 1, range = 0 – 7). The average number of daily standard servings of alcohol (beer, wine, and liquor combined across all days) was 0.66 (SD = 1.32; mode = 0, median = 0, range = 0 – 12). When drinking days were examined separately, participants drank an average of 2.24 total servings (SD = 1.54; mode = 1, median = 2). According to the definition of heavy drinking (i.e., ≥ 5 servings/day for men, ≥ 4 servings/day for women; Wechsler, Dowdall, Davenport, & Rimm, 1995), only 3.7% of the days qualified as heavy drinking days; however, 35% of participants had at least one heavy drinking day during the study. Table 1 M SD Median Mode Range % Days Zero ICC Alcohol Use Total servings 0.66 1.32 0 0 0 – 12 70.2% .40 Beer 0.32 0.88 0 0 0 – 5 83.7% .31 Wine 0.21 0.68 0 0 0 – 5 87.8% .47 Liquor 0.14 0.54 0 0 0 – 5 91.6% .21 Physical Activity Light 1.47 1.49 1 0 0 – 10 29.5% .40 Moderate 0.77 1.12 0 0 0 – 10 56.4% .27 Vigorous 0.35 0.80 0 0 0 – 10 76.3% .21 Total (raw) 11.46 12.46 8 0 0 – 170 19.4% .33 Total (transformed) 2.63 1.68 2.76 0 0.00 – 8.98 19.4% .40 Open in a separate window PA data were available in 99.9% of the daily records. The lower portion of shows that both mean scores and the proportion of between-person variation (estimated by the intraclass correlation) decreased as the intensity of activity increased. Daily PA exhibited significant positive skew (skewness = 2.66, SE = 0.03, p < .05) so a Box-Cox transformation was implemented to normalize the distribution. With λ = 0.20, the resulting skew was −0.10. Correlations among key study variables were estimated at the within- and between-person levels of analysis. It is best to interpret these correlations descriptively rather than inferentially because of the inherent limitations of each (i.e., within-person correlations disregard the nesting of observations within people, and between-person correlations were based on behavioral aggregates and disregard the daily fluctuations in scores for alcohol use and PA). Correlations with age and sex suggested that alcohol use was only weakly associated with greater PA (within-person r = .03, between-person r = .01) and more likely for younger adults (r = −.06) and men (r = .18). Levels of usual consumption were correlated with age, such that younger people tended to consume more beer (r = −.25, p < .01) and less wine (r = .18, p < .05) than older people, with no systematic relation between age and usual levels of liquor consumption. The fit of an unconditional means model was estimated using a variety of distributions to characterize total servings of alcohol (i.e., Gaussian, Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson, negative binomial, or zero-inflated negative-binomial). Fit was best, as indicated by lower AIC and BIC statistics, for the negative binomial model (AIC = 15,121, BIC = 15,142) compared to the Gaussian (AIC = 25,297, BIC = 25,318), Poisson (AIC = 22,459, BIC = 22,467), or zero-inflated Poisson (AIC = 18,398, BIC = 18,412). The zero-inflated negative binomial model exhibited a similar fit (AIC = 15,063, BIC = 15,091), but did not offer sufficient improvement to justify the added complexity of differentiating two data generation processes. All subsequent analyses treated outcome variable residuals as following a negative binomial distribution. presents estimated parameters from the unadjusted and adjusted multilevel models of total servings of alcohol. A subset of 21 participants did not drink at all during the study but conclusions were the same whether they were included or excluded so results from the entire sample are presented. In both the unadjusted and adjusted models, people drank more on days when they were more active than usual (unadjusted γ = 0.05; adjusted γ = 0.04), and between-person differences in usual PA levels were unassociated with alcohol use. We also tested a quadratic association between these variables at both the within- and between-person levels, but these were not statistically significant and thus were not included in the final model. Daily alcohol consumption was positively associated with previous-day consumption but not with previous-day PA. Total alcohol consumption was greatest over the social weekend (Thursday through Sunday) but did not vary by season (as indicated by the month of the year). At the between-person level, age, sex, and their interactions (both with each other and with usual PA) were not associated with total alcohol consumption. Table 2 Unadjusted Model Adjusted Model γ SE IRR γ SE IRR Intercept −1.43** 0.16 0.24 −2.16** 0.43 0.11 Daily physical activity 0.05* 0.02 1.05 0.04* 0.02 1.04 Usual physical activity 0.20 0.14 1.22 0.07 0.19 1.07 Previous-day alcohola 0.06** 0.02 1.06 Previous-day physical activity 0.00 0.02 1.00 Sunday 0.25** 0.09 1.28 Monday 0.13 0.08 1.14 Wednesday 0.12 0.08 1.13 Thursday 0.34** 0.09 1.41 Friday 0.77** 0.10 2.17 Saturday 0.88** 0.11 2.42 January 0.13 0.13 1.14 February 0.10 0.14 1.11 March 0.02 0.11 1.02 April −0.11 0.09 0.90 May 0.16 0.11 1.18 June 0.08 0.09 1.09 July 0.15 0.14 1.17 August 0.15 0.12 1.16 September 0.24 0.20 1.27 October 0.16 0.10 1.17 December −0.04 0.12 0.96 Age −0.02 0.02 0.98 Sex 0.99 0.68 2.70 Age × Sex −0.01 0.02 1.00 Age × Usual physical activity −0.01 0.01 0.99 Sex × Usual physical activity 0.18 0.27 1.20 Dispersion, α 0.59** 0.19 0.44** 0.15 Random effects, σ2 u0 3.03** 0.46 2.60** 0.43 Open in a separate window Additional analyses were conducted to evaluate whether the daily coupling of PA and alcohol consumption varied as a function of age or the day of week. Neither age nor day of week moderated associations between daily PA and alcohol consumption (all p > .05). Thus, the daily coupling between these behaviors appeared to be relatively uniform across slow (age) and fast (day of week) timescales. Another analysis was conducted that controlled for both the burst number (0–2) and the sequence of the day within burst (0–20); neither predictor was significant and our conclusions from the model did not change. Another set of additional analyses were conducted to predict the binary outcome of heavy episodic drinking using two versions of the dataset: one with all observed days and one with drinking days only. In both cases, PA was not associated with heavy drinking at the within- or between-person level; however, only 3.7% of total days involved heavy drinking so these results may not be conclusive. Finally, an analysis was conducted to predict the binary incident rate of drinking on a given day and findings led to conclusions that were consistent with those outlined above based on count data.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging grant AG035645 and the National Institute on Drug Abuse grant P50 DA010075. ||||| It had long been thought an antiquated concept associated with a slower, unproductive working world and Nigel Farage, but the boozy lunch is back.
Figures released by M&C Allegra Foodservice have revealed that the lunchtime pint is enjoying a surprising upturn in popularity. The study, which asked 18,000 people in-depth questions about their drinking habits, showed alcohol sales continuing to decline but a 2pc rise in the number consumed with food during the daytime. In the same period soft drinks and tap water sales fell by 3pc.
It's officially a trend, and you need to catch that train before it pulls out of town. To stop you from drinking alone, however, here are seven watertight scientific reasons available to convince your colleagues to join you.
1. It boosts your creativity
Are you prone to looking out of the window for extended periods of time, desperately searching for ideas? Do you find yourself easily bored and distracted when looking for answers, chatting to colleagues and reading articles that excuse daytime drinking? The only remedy is to have a pint at lunch.
It has been proven over and over again that a limited amount of alcohol aids creativity and problem solving. Beer, specifically, has just the right amount of kick to get the creative juices flowing without turning your brain to mush.
"Alcohol manipulates focus," Professor Jennifer Wiley of the University of Illinois at Chicago has said. “We have this assumption that being able to focus on one part of a problem or having a lot of expertise is better for problem solving. But that’s not necessarily true. Innovation may happen when people are not so focused. Sometimes it’s good to be distracted.”
So, if you're stuck on something, you'll always find the answer in the bottom of a glass. Just remember to write that idea down before you blackout.
This man is about to have an idea Credit: Alamy
2. It's better at hydrating you than water
In April this year, The Telegraph reported that "Not drinking enough water has the same effect as drink driving" – which is problematic, given that beer is actually better at hydrating you than water. Sort of.
Impish scientists at Granada University in Spain conducted an experiment in 2007 in which a group of students was asked to complete strenuous exercise routines until their temperatures reached 40ºC. Half the group were then given water to cool down with, and the other half beer. Emphatically, the hydration effect in the latter was "slightly better" than those on traditional agua. Gracias, students.
Still sceptical? British scientists have backed it up, too. Dr James Betts, an expert on nutrition and metabolism at Bath University, said at the time: "If you are dehydrated to start with following exercise, a beer, as opposed to a spirit, probably does not have a high enough concentration of alcohol to induce a diuretic effect."
So next time the health and safety bods suggest you drink 9 litres of water a day to keep your brain sharp, place a firm palm in their chest and bellow "NO. I AM GOING TO THE PUB, DARREN."
Thanks to his beer habit, Nigel Farage will technically live forever Credit: Getty
3. You will live longer
Should your boss ever berate you for wobbling back in to the office at 3pm after an extended conference call in JD Wetherspoon, riddle her this: had you not drunk those two pints at lunch, you could die early. So rather than wasting valuable working hours, you were in fact investing in more time further down the line.
A study by researchers at Virginia Tech University found that during a period of five years, non-drinkers were 19pc more likely to die than those who enjoy one or two drinks a day for half the week. What's more, the tee-totallers were 56pc more likely to be diagnosed with coronary heart disease. If you want to see your grandchildren grow up, go for a pint at lunch.
4. It complements food better than wine
Looking to liven up that Pret sandwich? Pair it with a fine, full-bodied pint of bitter.
Wine may bring out certain qualities in more sophisticated or flavoursome foods for evening meals, but lunchtime fare is better enhanced by beer. Curry notwithstanding (Cobra or Kingfisher being the obvious marriage partner), beer is reckoned to complement sandwiches, fried foods, cheese, pasta and chocolate.
"Beer is a great match for food because of the complexity of its flavors, its ability to provide refreshment and to interact with many food flavors," Marc Stroobandt, a beer sommelier, told Men's Fitness. "Even before the meal, beer already is doing its work for food pairing as the hops stimulate the appetite."
So if you truly want to enjoy your lunch, you will do so with a pint.
"We like to drink with Xi, 'cos Xi is our mate..." Credit: Andy Rain/EPA
5. Everyone back at the office will suddenly like you
It does not take us, nor scientists, to tell you that beer has properties that make it a useful social lubricant, but the University of Washington proved it so anyway.
In 2011 the faculty conducted a survey of nearly 500 students and asked them how often they had experienced a list of negative (hangovers, regretful sexual awakenings and so on) and positive effects of drinking (a greater ability to tell jokes, heightened bravery, singing quality etc). Not only did the majority say they experienced the positives far more, they also claimed not to take the negatives seriously.
Need more evidence? People who drink have more friends and are more likely to be keep a healthy marriage. Get the Special Brew; it's time to make friends.
This group of colleagues had not spoken before sipping these beers Credit: Alamy
6. It'll help you sleep
As nine out of ten health articles posted on the internet will tell you, getting a poor night's sleep is about as good for your overall wellbeing as skinny-dipping in lava. How fortunate, then, that a pint at lunch will do wonders for nodding off easily that night. Eight of them would do the job even faster, of course, but the sleep quality wouldn't be quite tip-top. A moderate amount each day, however, has been shown to help.
As well as helping us relax and fall asleep faster (not entirely helpful going in to the work afternoon, but worth bearing in mind), a small amount of alcohol each day could be beneficial to the quality of your rest, especially if you keep it to late afternoon.
Know your limits. This man's is one and one half. Credit: Alamy
7. It's far better for you than most other options
Consider what else is on offer at lunchtime. Coca-cola? Tap water? Wine? Panda pops? In the health stakes, all are thrashed by beer.
Water, as we have discovered, is utterly worthless when it comes to hydration. Wine triggers migraines. Coca-Cola will start to dissolve your soul after less than an hour. And Panda Pops? They died four years ago.
Beer, on the other hand, has been proven to lower the risk of type-2 diabetes, shrink the risk of gallstones, delay muscle deterioration and keep your bones strong. This isn't pub chat; these are facts. Look them up. ||||| Exercise provides a wealth of benefits to brain and body, and is regarded as a protective factor against disease. Protective factors tend to cluster together - that is, people who engage in one healthy behavior, such as exercise, also engage in other healthy behaviors, such as maintaining a nutritious diet and getting sufficient sleep. In contrast to exercise, alcohol consumption is not typically regarded as a health-promoting behavior, although moderate intake has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Surprisingly, several large, population-based studies have shown a positive association between physical activity and alcohol intake. The present review focuses on what is known about this relationship, including potential neural bases as well as moderating factors, and discusses important directions for further study, such as a more thorough characterization of people who both drink and exercise. We focus on ramifications for intervening with people who have alcohol use disorders, as exercise has been assessed as both a treatment and preventive measure, with mixed results. We believe that, in order for such interventions to be effective, clinical trials must distinguish treatment-seeking populations from non-treatment-seeking ones, as well as ensure that the use of exercise as a tool to decrease alcohol consumption is made explicit. We posit that a better understanding of the relationship between physical activity and alcohol intake will maximize intervention efforts by informing the design of clinical trials and research-driven prevention strategies, as well as enable individuals to make educated decisions about their health behaviors. ||||| Photo
Phys Ed Gretchen Reynolds on the science of fitness.
For many people, working out and alcohol are closely linked. Sports teams and training partners celebrate victories, bemoan defeats or mark the end of training sessions with a beer or three. Beer, in fact, provides a substantial portion of some exercisers’ fluid intake after workouts.
But whether exercise encourages people to drink and, likewise, whether drinking encourages people to exercise has been in dispute.
Now two new studies suggest that exercise may well influence when and how much people drink. Drinking may even affect whether people exercise, and, the findings suggest, the interplay between exercise and alcohol could be a good thing.
Past epidemiological studies have shown that people who exercise tend numerically also to be people who drink, and vice versa. In a typical study from 2001, for example, researchers found that men and women who qualified as moderate drinkers, meaning they downed about a drink a day, were twice as likely to exercise regularly as teetotalers.
But most of these previous studies had limitations. They relied, for instance, on people’s ability to recall their exercise and drinking habits over the course of, say, the past year, which can be notoriously unreliable. They also rarely took into account participants’ ages and gender, which affect how much people exercise and drink.
And perhaps most problematic, these past studies rarely determined whether people’s exercise and drinking tended to go hand in hand, suggesting a strong link. In other words, someone might work out on a Thursday and then imbibe on Friday evening with friends, providing no obvious connection between the activities. But in many earlier studies, he or she probably would have been categorized as an exerciser who drinks.
So to better untangle the relationship between drinking and sweating, researchers at Pennsylvania State University, in the most scientifically ambitious of the new studies, turned to a representative group of 150 adult men and women age 18 to 75 who already were enrolled in an ongoing, long-term health study at the university.
They asked these volunteers to visit the lab and fill out extensive questionnaires about their lifestyles, and then provided each of them with a simple smartphone app that could be used to record a day’s drinking and exercise activities. The app would automatically send each day’s report to the scientists.
The volunteers agreed to use the app for 21 consecutive days. Over the course of about a year, covering different seasons, each participant completed three of these 21-day reports.
When the researchers collated and compared the data from their volunteers, they found, for the first time, an unequivocal correlation between exercising on any given day and subsequently drinking, especially if someone exercised more than usual. As the scientists write in their study, which was published recently in Health Psychology, “people drank more than usual on the same days that they engaged in more physical activity than usual.”
This relationship held true throughout all seasons of the year and whether someone was a man or a woman, a collegian or a retiree. Age and gender did not affect the results.
Thankfully, the data did not show that exercise incited or exacerbated problem drinking. Only very rarely during the study did anyone report drinking heavily, which the researchers defined as downing more than four drinks in succession for a woman and five for a man.
But of course this kind of epidemiological study cannot determine why working out and drinking should be associated at all, which makes the second study, a newly published review of past, related experiments, especially those involving animals, so compelling.
In the review, published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, the authors point out that in lab rodents, both exercise and alcohol have been shown to increase activity in parts of the brain related to reward processing. The animals seem, in animal fashion, to get a kick out of both exercise and drinking.
But while the animals’ brains responded similarly to the two activities, they did not respond identically, the past studies show. There are aspects of reward processing related to exercise that differ from reward processing related to drinking, and those differences may help to explain why, if given the opportunity, animals will avidly engage in both running and ethanol sipping. The resulting neurological high appears to be generally more pervasive and lasting than with either activity alone.
It’s possible, although not proved, that something similar happens in people who exercise and imbibe, said J. Leigh Leasure, an associate professor at the University of Houston, director of the school’s behavioral neuroscience lab and the lead author of the new review.
Feeling a slight buzz after a workout, she said, we may, without overt volition, look to extend and intensify that feeling with a beer, a glass of wine or a cocktail.
But we also are more complicated and opaque in our behavior than rodents and likely to conjoin workouts and alcohol for many additional and sometimes tangled reasons, Dr. Leasure said. Many people, for instance, exercise in large part to burn the calories associated with drinking, meaning that, for them, drinking drives exercise behavior. Social bonding also plays an outsize role in the two activities for many of us, Dr. Leasure said. The camaraderie created on the practice field or among workout partners can nudge exercisers to reconvene convivially at the local bar, and those gatherings may motivate reluctant exercisers to stick with their routines, because they feel rewarded afterward.
But while the available evidence suggests that exercise may encourage people to drink, it does not indicate that this relationship is necessarily worrisome for the vast majority of us, Dr. Leasure said. Someone who drinks moderately is unlikely to become a problem drinker as a result of exercise.
“But it’s good to be aware,” she said, that the two activities frequently intersect. “Many people may not have noticed” that they indulge in an extra beer or two on those days when they visit the running trail or the gym.
Related: |||||
A summary of this is? | – If you ever crave a beer after sweating it out on the trail or at the gym, you're not alone. Two new studies suggest that there's a link between exercise and drinking, and that it "could be a good thing," reports the New York Times. What's more, neither study showed that exercise incites heavy drinking (defined as four or more drinks for a woman, five or more for a man). In one study, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the journal Health Psychology an "unequivocal correlation," as the Times puts it, between exercising and then drinking, most notably when the workout was particularly strenuous. As the authors found, "People drank more than usual on the same days that they engaged in more [physical activity] than usual." In the other study out of the University of Houston, researchers report in the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry that the brains of lab rodents tend to respond very similarly, though not identically, to exercise and alcohol—and that the neurological high is markedly stronger when both activities are performed instead of just one. It's possible, one researcher posits, that by drinking after a workout we're subconsciously seeking to extend the euphoria of the workout. And the authors of the first study observe that while exercise "has intuitive appeal as an alternative activity" for drinking, "the literature does not support this approach as a universal, primary prevention strategy." Meanwhile, drinking during the daytime is on the rise, reports the Telegraph. (One study has found that moderate drinking is associated with longer life expectancy.) | 4 | Flan2021 | multi_news:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Translate to German:
When the weather is fine, sit in the largest and loveliest beer garden in Dresden, with its wonderful view of the Old Town.
German: | Bei schönem Wetter verweilen Sie im größten und schönsten Biergarten Dresdens mit seinem schönen Ausblick auf die Altstadt. | 4 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/de-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Urbanistul Giorgios Tziralis atribuie acestor îmbunătăţiri reducerea poluării şi accelerarea creşterii economice.
Translate to English
English: | Urban planning scholar Giorgios Tziralis credits those improvements with reducing pollution and boosting economic growth. | 1 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/ro-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Read the text and determine if the sentence is true (see options at the end):
Rutgers University (officially known as Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey) is an institution of higher learning with campuses across the State of New Jersey its main flagship campus in New Brunswick and Piscataway, and two other campuses in the cities of Newark and Camden, New Jersey.
Sentence: The Newark campus is very popular.
Select from: A). Yes; B). It's impossible to say; C). No; | B). | 6 | Flan2021 | anli/r2:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
Write a sentence in English. | The default installation does not require a password. | 8 | Flan2021 | para_crawl_enes | zs_opt |
Choose from options: Determine if the sentence is true based on the text below:
In the 1930s the Mudi was used for sport.
The Mudi (in Hungarian, the plural form of mudi is "mudik") is a herding dog breed from Hungary. It is closely related to the Puli and Pumi, from which it was separated in the 1930s. Today, the Mudi is bred for work, sport, companionship, and show. They continue to be used in herding, as well as participating in a variety of dog sports.
pick from the following. a). Yes; b). It's impossible to say; c). No; | b). | 8 | Flan2021 | anli/r2:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
Lawrence was born Victoria Ann Axelrad in Inglewood, California, the daughter of Anne Alene (nee Loyd) and Howard Axelrad, a certified public accountant for Max Factor. The family surname was legally changed to "Lawrence" when Vicki was young. She is a graduate of Morningside High School in Inglewood, class of 1967. Lawrence had originally planned on being a dental hygienist.
As a singer, Lawrence got her start as one of the scores of hopefuls on the syndicated Johnny Mann's Stand Up And Cheer program. However, she is most known for her number-one hit, "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia", a song written by her first husband Bobby Russell, which was released on Bell Records in November 1972. It sold over two million copies and was awarded a gold disc by the Recording Industry Association of America in April 1973. During the last episode of the sixth season of The Carol Burnett Show (March 24, 1973), Lawrence received her gold record by surprise from Carol Burnett. Her first LP, The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia, was issued soon after the single went gold. "He Did With Me", Lawrence's followup to "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia", reached number 75 in the United States, although it reached the top 20 of the adult contemporary music charts and also became her biggest hit in Australia, peaking at number one there in November 1973. She followed it up there with "Ships in the Night" (1974). In the fall of 1975, Lawrence managed one last minor U.S. chart entry on the Private Stock label with "The Other Woman" (number 81). In 1974, she recorded her second LP for Bell Records, Ships in the Night. The label was in the process of being bought out by Arista, and the LP was not released in the U.S. The LP was, however, released in Australia, where she continued to have chart success. Lawrence's first two LPs were released as a single CD with bonus tracks on April 1, 2014, by Real Gone Music. She released a disco album entitled Newborn Woman late in 1979. The album produced the minor disco hit "Don't Stop the Music".
Ask a question about this article. | what happened after this hit? | 9 | Flan2021 | quac:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
I approached the man. What is the cause?
Available choices: (a). He looked busy.. (b). He looked familiar.. | (b). | 0 | Flan2021 | super_glue/copa:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
Translate "«Overall, three communities would be affected. Their residents had to migrate to the United States because of the reforms implemented by President Carlos Salinas in the 1990s», she explained." to Spanish. | “En total se afectarían tres comunidades, que tienen una característica, muchos de sus pobladores tuvieron que emigrar a Estados Unidos por las reformas del presidente Carlos Salinas, en la década del noventa”, explicó el referente del colectivo COA. | 6 | Flan2021 | para_crawl_enes | zs_opt |
Do the following two sentences have the same meaning?
U.S. manufacturing growth expanded for the third straight month in September but at a slower pace , according to a report released shortly after the opening bell .
US manufacturing grew for the third consecutive month in September , but at a slower rate than in previous months , according to a survey released Wednesday .
Choices: (I) no (II) yes
The answer is: | (II) | 7 | Flan2021 | glue/mrpc:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Are these paraphrases?
She worked on processes of chemical extraction of metal complexes and described the chemical and physical properties of solvent species in an organic solvent .
It worked on solvent extraction processes of metal complexes and described the chemical and physical properties of chemical species in an organic solvent .
Options are: * no * yes | no | 7 | Flan2021 | paws_wiki:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Generate a sentence about this data: The Vaults eatType coffee shop; The Vaults priceRange more than £30; The Vaults customer rating low; The Vaults near Café Brazil
Sentence: | The Vaults is a coffee shop near Café Brazil with a price range more than 30 and a low customer rating. | 5 | Flan2021 | gem/dart:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
If "Jane knocked on the door, and Susan answered it. She invited her to come out.", does it follow that "Jane invited her to come out."
Pick from: *no; *yes; | yes | 1 | Flan2021 | glue/wnli:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
This is a question with answer options. Goal: What is an important item to wear over your eyes when making a bicycle powered washing machine?
Which of the following methods is more reasonable for accomplishing this goal?
Select from:
--A blindfold.
--Safety glasses....I think the answer is | Safety glasses | 2 | Flan2021 | piqa:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Nel Gwyn was the mistress of which King of England?
What is the answer? | charles second | 9 | Flan2021 | trivia_qa/rc:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
The Raiders travelled to face the San Diego Chargers with a chance to secure their first playoff bid since 2002. In a stadium at least half full of Raider fans, the Chargers took an early lead on a pass from Philip Rivers to Travis Benjamin to put the Chargers up 7-0. The Raiders responded with an 11-play drive that stalled on the Charger 27-yard line and had to settle for a Sebastian Janikowski field goal to narrow the lead to 7-3. Neither team could muster anything offensively for the remainder of the quarter. A promising Raider drive to the Charger 16-yard line stalled again as Derek Carr was intercepted inside the 10-yard line. A Charger field goal following a 14-play drive put the Chargers up 10-3 with 1:33 left in the half. The Raider offense switched to their two-minute offense and cruised down the field before Carr hit Michael Crabtree in the corner of the end zone to tie the game at 10. The Raider offense drove deep into San Diego territory to open the second half, but had to settle for another Janikowski field goal to take the lead 13-10. The Chargers answered with a Rivers seven-yard touchdown pass to Hunter Henry to retake the lead. A missed extra point left the lead at 16-13. The remainder of the third quarter saw the offenses accomplish little before Charger running back Kenneth Farrow fumbled at the San Diego 14 early in the fourth quarter. The Raiders offense could not take advantage of the turnover and settled for Jankowski's third field of the game to tie it at 16. The Raider defense again stopped the Chargers and the offense, lead by Latavius Murray and Jalen Richard, moved the ball into San Diego territory again. For the fourth time, the offense settled for a Janikowski field goal to take the lead 19-16 with 3:47 remaining. On the ensuing San Diego possession, Rivers was intercepted by Reggie Nelson to allow the Raiders to take over and run out the clock. The win gave the Raiders their first playoff appearance since 2002. With a loss earlier in the day by Kansas City, the Raiders also took back first place in the AFC West.
Based on the above article, answer a question. Who caught the Raider's only touchdown pass? | Michael Crabtree | 5 | Flan2021 | drop:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
The most important component of the Paraguayan economy is the farming sector, which contributed 27% to GDP in 2006. The participation of commerce was 20.2%, and that of other services, including government, 38.4%. Industry's part was about 20%. After years of economic crisis, between 1999 and 2002, the Paraguayan economy grew at between 2.9 and 4.1% per year from 2003 to 2006. For 2007, the estimated growth is about 6.4%. Inflation in 2007 reached 6.0%. Most enterprises are small, micro and individual ones, including subsistence jobs like street vendors. Only 4% of the Paraguayan labor force works in companies with more than 50 employees. In June 2007 external foreign exchange reserves amounted to US$2153 million, and the foreign official debt US$2154 million, close to parity. Fiscal surplus is provisionally reported as 0.5% of GDP in 2006 and 2007. Paraguay's economy grew 5,8% in 2008, fastest growing sector being agriculture with 10,5% growth
Answer this question based on the article: How many years did Paraguay suffer from an economic crisis? | 3 | 1 | Flan2021 | drop:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Komissio esitti kolme vaihtoehtoa siitä, millainen tämä luettelo voisi olla.
Which language is this? | Finnish | 9 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/fi-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
"ebullient tunisian film "
How would the sentiment of this sentence be perceived --
OPT:
- negative
- positive
Answer: | positive | 3 | Flan2021 | glue/sst2:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
A Big HELLO to everyone who's following me on twitter! This smiley is for you guys
Select your answer from the options. What is the sentiment of this tweet?
OPT:
[1]. negative.
[2]. positive....I think the answer is | [2]. | 0 | Flan2021 | sentiment140:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Read the text and answer the questions.
Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book characters. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first introduced to the world in the page of Marvel comic books. Spiderman's story is the story of Peter Parker, a child who lost his parents and lives with his aunt and uncle. Peter is a shy, quiet boy wearing glasses and has few friends. One day, on a high school class trip to a science lab, he was bitten by a special spider . Soon Peter realizes he has amazing powers: he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense. He no longer needs his glasses and he can use his super power to fly through the city streets! Remembering something his uncle Ben has told him, that "with great power, there must also come great responsibility ,"Peter decides to use his powers to fight enemies who do cruel things to people. And so, Spiderman is born. Life is not easy for Peter even though he is a superhero. He is in love with Mary Jane but cannot tell her about his amazing powers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is also short of money and time. He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself) to a newspaper and he keeps losing his jobs because he is so busy saving people! Yet he has to fight different kinds of cruel enemies. ,.
1. What is the article about?
2. Who created that character?
3. When?
4. Which comic book was he in?
5. What kind of powers does he have?
6. Any others?
7. Is he outgoing and friendly?
8. How did he get his powers?
9. When did that happen?
10. What does he do with his powers?
11. Does he have a real name?
12. What is it?
13. Does he live with his parents?
14. Why not?
15. Who does he live with?
16. Does he have a girlfriend?
17. What's her name?
18. Does she know he is Superman?
19. Does he have a job?
20. What does he do for money?
Numbered answers: | 1. Spiderman
2. Stan Lee
3. 1963
4. Marvel comic books
5. he is as strong and quick as a spider and also has a type of sixth sense.
6. unknown
7. Yes
8. bitten by a special spider
9. on a high school class trip to a science lab
10. to fight enemies who do cruel things to people
11. Yes
12. Peter Parker
13. No
14. lost his parents
15. lives with his aunt and uncle
16. Yes
17. Mary Jane
18. No
19. No
20. He has to sell photos of Spiderman (himself) to a newspaper | 1 | Flan2021 | coqa:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Multi-select: Let's say that "Bill passed the gameboy to John because his turn was over."
Can we now say that "Bill's turn was over."?
pick from the following.
A). no;
B). yes; | B). | 3 | Flan2021 | glue/wnli:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Data: Ajoblanco INGREDIENT Almond; Almond FAMILY Rosaceae; Almond ORDER Rosales; Almond ORDER Rosids
What would a sentence about this data be like? | Ajoblanco includes the ingredient almonds, which are from the Rosaceae family, are members of the Rosales order and are from the order Rosids. | 1 | Flan2021 | gem/dart:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Single/multi-select question: Does the sentence "The main venues in the city are Arena México and Arena Coliseo." provide a valid answer to the question "What are the main arenas for Lucha Libre?"
pick from the following. [I] yes; [II] no; | [I] | 1 | Flan2021 | glue/qnli:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Choose from the options at the end. Are the following two questions the same?
What is meant by entropy?
What is the physical meaning of Entropy?
pick from the following.
(A). no.
(B). yes.
The answer is: | (B). | 8 | Flan2021 | glue/qqp:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Premise: Nature lovers can hike (or rent a donkey) up the extinct volcano of Mount Epomeo, 788 m (2,585 ft), starting from Fontana for unforgettable views of the island and the Bay of Naples.
Hypothesis: Donkey rentals produce a good amount of funds for the local economy.
Does the premise entail the hypothesis?
Available choices:
A). yes
B). it is not possible to tell
C). no | B). | 0 | Flan2021 | glue/mnli:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
"The Domino Principle" is, without question, one of the worst thrillers ever made. Hardly any sense can be made of the convoluted plot and by the halfway point you'll want to throw your arms up in frustration and scream "I give up!!!"
How Gene Hackman and director Stanley Kramer ever got involved in this mess must only be summed up by their paychecks.
I hope they spent their money well.
Is the sentiment of this review positive or negative?
Possible answers:
[a]. negative.
[b]. positive. | [a]. | 3 | Flan2021 | imdb_reviews/plain_text:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Write an article using the following points:
Georgia-based Fixd is currently seeking funding on Kickstarter. Their app and sensor combo can be used to determine when a car is 'sick' The sensor attaches to a port available on most modern cars. This then connects to an app via Bluetooth that keeps the user updated on how their car is doing. This includes things such as as if it needs an oil change or when the air filter needs replacing. Fixd is available for Android in October this year and for iPhone in April 2015.
Article: | For many people keeping their car fit and healthy is something that generally gets forgotten until it’s time for a service. But an app could keep your vehicle ship shape by using a sensor to detect any problems with the car. Called Fixd, it will also let you know how much the repairs will cost you and what will happen if they are not addressed, such as the car's fuel efficiency decreasing. Georgia-based Fixd is currently seeking funding on Kickstarter. Their app and sensor combo can be used to determine when a car is 'sick'. The sensor attaches to an OBD-II port available on most modern cars (shown). This then connects to an app via Bluetooth that keeps the user updated on how their car is doing. The Georgia-based company’s system consists of a vehicle sensor and an app. For many people living in towns and cities, growing flowers, fruits or vegetables is out of the question. But a team of inventors from San Francisco has unveiled a device that makes it possible, via an indoor greenhouse called Niwa that can be controlled by a smartphone. By connecting their phone to the greenhouse, people will be able to grow fruit and vegetables in their homes without needing access to a garden. The indoor gadget uses a built-in miniature computer that detects when plants need water and the ideal temperature for their growth. The glass-sided device uses special sensors to pick up these readings, which then automatically activate different parts of the machine. And the device warms up, cools down, turns on a light or waters the plants autonomously without input from the user. The sensor, which will cost £30 ($50), plugs into the On-Board Diagnosticics-II (OBD-II) port, which almost all modern cars have. Hardware within the sensor monitors the car and checks for any problems, and it then connects to the app on a smartphone via Bluetooth. The company is currently seeking funding on Kickstarter. Through the app users will see when they need an oil change, when the air filter needs replacing and so on. When attached the sensor is powered by the car, meaning it doesn’t need a battery. Multiple sensors can also be placed on different cars, with the app using a multi-vehicle feature to check up on all of them. If repairs are needed the app will show how much the cost to fix the car will be, perhaps using crowdsourcing in future to find cheaper deals. And it will also estimate how issues could affect the car. 'We want to give you confidence when dealing with repair shops,' the company writes on Kickstarter. 'We want to give you peace of mind over all the cars that you own. We want you to turn to FIXD when you are having car troubles.' The app will be available from October this year for Android, with an iPhone version due to be released in April 2015. And over the next year various features of the app, such as repair estimates and multi-vehicle control, will be rolled out. The app includes features such as telling you the status of your airbags (left) and whether the car needs an oil change. A multi-vehicle feature (right) also lets a user keep track of multiple cars at once. The £30 ($50) sensor will be available later this year, while the app will be available for Android in October and for iPhone in May 2015, with various features to be rolled out over the next year. | 7 | Flan2021 | cnn_dailymail:3.4.0 | zs_opt |
How is "Guest reviews are written by our customers after their stay at Clarion Suites St. George." said in Russian? | Отзывы гостей написаны посетителями нашего сайта после проживания в отеле Clarion Suites St. George. | 6 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/ru-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Here are some concepts: commander, family, politician
What is a sentence about these concepts? | military commander with politician and his family visiting building | 2 | Flan2021 | gem/common_gen:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Since 2001, the Benedictine monks have been replaced by some from the Monastic Fraternities of Jerusalem, originally from Saint-Gervais' Church in Paris.
Based on the above text, what's the best answer to this question: are there still monks at mont st michel?
Select from the following.
1). no.
2). yes. | 2). | 5 | Flan2021 | bool_q:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Write the next sentence.
To treat his liver cancer, the man decided to forgo the radiation in favor of chemotherapy, because he deemed the
Choices: a). radiation to be tolerable.. b). chemotherapy to be tolerable..
Answer: | b). | 1 | Flan2021 | winogrande:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Translate "They warned of a resurgence of Russia's security services under Mr. Putin." to Russian? | По их словам, при Путине в России продолжается возрождение служб безопасности. | 7 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/ru-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Write a sentence in English. | As you now sit and write Blossom, you are in the moment of what IS. | 8 | Flan2021 | para_crawl_enes | zs_opt |
(options at the end). Does the word "rise" mean the same thing in "Rise to a challenge." and "The building rose before them."?
Choices:
--different meanings
--the same meaning | different meanings | 9 | Flan2021 | super_glue/wic:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
Claim: Subsidising Tobacco is counter productive .
What evidence supports this claim? | 1. Governments should be consistent in their subsidies and taxes rather than encouraging an industry with subsidies and then taking money away again with increased taxes .
2. 1 .
3. Governments spend a huge amount of money on helping people stop smoking ; in the UK the government spends annuallyannually 83.9 m on services to help people stop smoking and a further 61.8 m on stop smoking medication .
4. For the EU and states around the world to go out of their way to subsidise tobacco farming undermines these sorts of public health initiatives . | 9 | Flan2021 | opinion_abstracts_idebate | zs_opt |
Generate an approximately fifteen-word sentence that describes all this data: The Vaults eatType restaurant; The Vaults food Chinese; The Vaults priceRange high; The Vaults familyFriendly no
| There is an expensive Chinese restaurant called The Vaults that is not child friendly. | 2 | Flan2021 | gem/dart:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
buy cheap bordorode kitchen aprons? here you can buy cheap professional kitchen aprons! these kitchen aprons are 14 different colors! this kitchen aprons are great for cooking workshops and birthday parties!
This is all lower case. Can you fix that? | Buy Cheap bordorode Kitchen Aprons? Here you can buy cheap professional Kitchen Aprons! These Kitchen Aprons are 14 different colors! This Kitchen Aprons are great for cooking workshops and birthday parties! | 6 | Flan2021 | true_case | zs_opt |
Answer the question
A researcher observes that an organism placed in a glass container filled with water moves away when a penlight is focused on the container. The researcher concludes that the organism is light sensitive. Which other explanation for the organism's response to the light is most possible?
Possible answers:
(i) The organism avoids radio waves..
(ii) The organism avoids gamma rays..
(iii) The organism moves away from vibrations..
(iv) The organism moves away from heat sources.. | (iv) | 5 | Flan2021 | ai2_arc/ARC-Easy:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Des Weiteren begrüße ich die Ernennung eines Mannes, der alle Qualitäten zur Besetzung eines solchen Postens aufweist.
Translate to English
English: | I also welcome the appointment of a man who has all the qualities required to fill such a post. | 1 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/de-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Malheureusement, il a gâché cette occasion historique.
Could you please translate this to English? | Unfortunately, it has squandered that historic opportunity. | 2 | Flan2021 | wmt14_translate/fr-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
The patient was dehydrated.
What is the effect of the preceding sentence?
Available options:
a). The nurse tested his reflexes..
b). The nurse gave him an IV.. | b). | 2 | Flan2021 | super_glue/copa:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
Data: name = Green Man, food = Japanese, priceRange = more than £30, area = city centre, familyFriendly = no, near = All Bar One. Can you generate a sentence about this data? | Green Man is located near All Bar One and in city centre. It has Japanese food, price range is more than £30, and is not kid friendly. | 1 | Flan2021 | gem/e2e_nlg:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
What is the sentiment of the following movie (choose your answer from the options) review sentence?
writer-director randall wallace has bitten off more than he or anyone else could chew , and his movie veers like a drunken driver through heavy traffic .
OPT:
A). negative.
B). positive.
The answer is: | A). | 5 | Flan2021 | glue/sst2:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
What's the most logical way to complete this passage?
New York (CNN) -- Taliban insurgents in Afghanistan will be unable to withstand mounting U.S. pressure and their only option will be to break with al Qaeda and join a peaceful dialogue on the country's future, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Friday. "They cannot wait us out. They cannot defeat us. And they cannot escape this choice," Clinton said in a major address on U.S. policy in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In her remarks to the Asia Society, Clinton reaffirmed President Barack Obama's pledge to begin withdrawing troops this July, based on conditions on the ground, and said all troops will be out of the country by the end of 2014.
Although the reconciliation process must be
OPTIONS:
- Afghanistan-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Asia Society-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Barack Obama-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- CNN-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Clinton-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Hillary Clinton-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- New York-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Pakistan-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- Taliban-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- U.S.-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
- al Qaeda-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community.
| Afghanistan-led, Clinton said, it will draw in other countries in the region and the international community. | 3 | Flan2021 | super_glue/record:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
Based on the following sentence, what is the effect?
The pond froze over for the winter.
Choose from: *People skated on the pond.; *People brought boats to the pond.; | People skated on the pond. | 4 | Flan2021 | super_glue/copa:1.0.2 | zs_opt |
EULEX başkanı Sırp bakanlarla işbirliği konusunda görüştü
Translate this to English? | EULEX chief holds talks with Serbian ministers on co-operation | 3 | Flan2021 | wmt16_translate/tr-en:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Write a text based on this summary: fire breaks out at total oil refinery in britain
Text: | a fire broke out at britain 's third largest oil refinery tuesday , causing an explosion and sending a huge plume of black smoke across the sky , emergency services and witnesses said . | 8 | Flan2021 | gigaword:1.2.0 | zs_opt |
Write the next sentence in this paragraph:
A dart board is shown against a wall. A man lifts his arm in slow motion, throwing darts one after another at the board. he
Pick from: *walks up to the board and reaches for it.; *falls to the ground and does a number on the board, alternating between darts and standing straight.; *works to get the darts out and one grabs his eye.; *throws the darts, then stands in a circle, then runs around.; | walks up to the board and reaches for it. | 4 | Flan2021 | hellaswag:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Add punctuation: Carbohydrates 212 g of
| Carbohydrates 21.2 g of | 6 | Flan2021 | fix_punct | zs_opt |
Select your answer from the options. How would one describe the sentiment of this tweet?
I'm so mad Adam Lambert won, Kris doesn't know how to sing, Adam HOWEVER does.
Available choices:
* negative;
* positive; | negative | 5 | Flan2021 | sentiment140:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge (or Qingdao Haiwan Bridge) is a 26.7 km long roadway bridge in eastern China's Shandong province, which is part of the 41.58 km Jiaozhou Bay Connection Project. s of December 2012 , Guinness World Records lists the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge as the world's longest bridge over water (aggregate length) at 41.58 km .
Can we infer the following?
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge is located in a quiet part of China
Options are:
[a]. Yes.
[b]. It's impossible to say.
[c]. No.
The answer is: | [b]. | 4 | Flan2021 | anli/r2:0.1.0 | zs_opt |
Sally kicked Mary and she was hurt.
Based on this sentence, who is she?
OPT:
(A). Sally;
(B). Mary; | (B). | 4 | Flan2021 | definite_pronoun_resolution:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Review: I'm a huge fan of war movies, and, as a Vietnam combat vet, have some experience with the technical details. I worked with the bomb guys more than once and have nothing but respect for them. Other vets, and Iraq vets in particular, have summarized the inaccuracies in this movie very well. Poetic license is one thing, but this movie is a complete fantasy, and fails badly because of it. No bomb disposal unit, or any unit, would ever have tolerated this rogue operator for more than 5 minutes. Military units prize conformity and discipline for a reason;it saves lives. The opening scene particularly annoyed me. The guy with the cell phone would have been shot immediately. Yelling, "Stop dialing" is not an effective deterrent. It got worse from there. The scenes with the sniper were particularly egregious. As others have noted, your average EOD guy doesn't know jack about being a sniper, and to think any Arab sniper is that good really stretches the imagination. Kidnapping an Arab businessman for some form of personal revenge just wouldn't happen. Somebody might shoot him, but this kind of risk-taking is limited to the movies. I could go on, but, as I said, others have pointed these things out in detail. This is not a good movie, and if it wins any awards at all, it's a further reflection of why "La La land" is so named.
What is the sentiment of this review?
OPTIONS:
(a). negative.
(b). positive. | (a). | 7 | Flan2021 | imdb_reviews/plain_text:1.0.0 | zs_opt |
Sentence: name = Fitzbillies, eatType = coffee shop, food = French, priceRange = £20-25, area = city centre, familyFriendly = no
Can you represent the content in this sentence in data form? | French coffee shop, Fitzbillies is in the city centre. It is not kid friendly and has a price range of £20-25. | 5 | Flan2021 | gem/e2e_nlg:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Continue writing the following text.
Bill's new comforter would not fit inside his old washing machine, the
Pick your answer from: (I) machine was too wide.; (II) comforter was too wide.; | (II) | 4 | Flan2021 | winogrande:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
If "Two girls in leopard costumes play drum pads.", does this mean that "Two girls are wearing costumes."?
pick from the following.
+ yes;
+ it is not possible to tell;
+ no; | yes | 0 | Flan2021 | snli:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
Is the sentiment of the following sentence positive or negative (see options at the end)?
: the poor acting by the ensemble cast , the flat dialogue by vincent r. nebrida or the gutless direction by laurice guillen
Choose your answer from:
+ negative;
+ positive; | negative | 4 | Flan2021 | glue/sst2:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
Question: What specific institution did Barnes indicate could not be a rival of the Royal Institute?
Answer: Barnes commented that the Act's purpose was not protecting the architectural profession, and that the legitimate interests of the profession were best served by the (then) architectural associations in which some 80 per cent of those practising architecture were to be found.
A single-select problem: Is the question answered in a satisfactory fashion?
Pick your answer from: [-] yes; [-] no; | no | 6 | Flan2021 | glue/qnli:2.0.0 | zs_opt |
After finishing last in the NL Central with 66 wins in 2006, the Cubs re-tooled and went from "worst to first" in 2007. In the offseason they signed Alfonso Soriano to a contract at 8 years for $136 million, and replaced manager Dusty Baker with fiery veteran manager Lou Piniella. After a rough start, which included a brawl between Michael Barrett and Carlos Zambrano, the Cubs overcame the Milwaukee Brewers, who had led the division for most of the season, with winning streaks in June and July, coupled with a pair of dramatic, late-inning wins against the Reds, and ultimately clinched the NL Central with a record of 85–77. The Cubs traded Barrett to the Padres, and later acquired Jason Kendall from Oakland. Kendall was highly successful with his management of the pitching rotation and helped at the plate as well. By September, Geovany Soto became the full-time starter behind the plate, replacing the veteran Kendall. They met Arizona in the NLDS, but controversy followed as Piniella, in a move that has since come under scrutiny, pulled Carlos Zambrano after the sixth inning of a pitcher's duel with D-Backs ace Brandon Webb, to "....save Zambrano for (a potential) Game 4." The Cubs, however, were unable to come through, losing the first game and eventually stranding over 30 baserunners in a 3-game Arizona sweep.
Answer this question, if possible (if impossible, reply "unanswerable"): Who was signed to a contract at 8 years for $136 million? | Alfonso Soriano | 6 | Flan2021 | squad/v2.0:3.0.0 | zs_opt |
Produce a sentence which mentions all of these concepts: car, exhaust, image, reveal, tyre | thermal image revealing the heat of the exhaust and tyres of a speeding car | 3 | Flan2021 | gem/common_gen:1.1.0 | zs_opt |
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