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Successfully pinged pod: example-job-0.headless-svc Successfully pinged pod: example-job-1.headless-svc Successfully pinged pod: example-job-2.headless-svc ``` {{< note >}} Keep in mind that the `.` name format used in this example would not work with DNS policy set to `None` or `Default`. Refer to [Pod's DNS Policy](/... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/job/job-with-pod-to-pod-communication.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This task demonstrates running multiple {{< glossary\_tooltip text="Jobs" term\_id="job" >}} based on a common template. You can use this approach to process batches of work in parallel. For this example there are only three items: \_apple\_, \_banana\_, and \_cherry\_. The sample Jobs process each item by printing a s... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/job/parallel-processing-expansion.md | main | kubernetes | [
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instance of the template had one parameter, and that parameter was also used in the Job's name. However, [names](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names/#names) are restricted to contain only certain characters. This slightly more complex example uses the [Jinja template language](https://palletsprojects.com... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/job/parallel-processing-expansion.md | main | kubernetes | [
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pods from another Job's pods. In this example, each Job and its Pod template have a label: `jobgroup=jobexample`. Kubernetes itself pays no attention to labels named `jobgroup`. Setting a label for all the Jobs you create from a template makes it convenient to operate on all those Jobs at once. In the [first example](#... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/job/parallel-processing-expansion.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This guide demonstrates how to install and write extensions for [kubectl](/docs/reference/kubectl/kubectl/). By thinking of core `kubectl` commands as essential building blocks for interacting with a Kubernetes cluster, a cluster administrator can think of plugins as a means of utilizing these building blocks to create... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/extend-kubectl/kubectl-plugins.md | main | kubernetes | [
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```shell sudo mv ./kubectl-foo /usr/local/bin ``` You may now invoke your plugin as a `kubectl` command: ```shell kubectl foo ``` ``` I am a plugin named kubectl-foo ``` All args and flags are passed as-is to the executable: ```shell kubectl foo version ``` ``` 1.0.0 ``` All environment variables are also passed as-is ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/extend-kubectl/kubectl-plugins.md | main | kubernetes | [
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create a plugin containing an underscore in its filename echo -e '#!/bin/bash\n\necho "I am a plugin with a dash in my name"' > ./kubectl-foo\_bar sudo chmod +x ./kubectl-foo\_bar # move the plugin into your $PATH sudo mv ./kubectl-foo\_bar /usr/local/bin # You can now invoke your plugin via kubectl: kubectl foo-bar ``... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/extend-kubectl/kubectl-plugins.md | main | kubernetes | [
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plugins are available: test/fixtures/pkg/kubectl/plugins/kubectl-foo /usr/local/bin/kubectl-foo - warning: /usr/local/bin/kubectl-foo is overshadowed by a similarly named plugin: test/fixtures/pkg/kubectl/plugins/kubectl-foo plugins/kubectl-invalid - warning: plugins/kubectl-invalid identified as a kubectl plugin, but ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/extend-kubectl/kubectl-plugins.md | main | kubernetes | [
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`kubectl` supports using the [Kustomize object management tool](/docs/tasks/manage-kubernetes-objects/kustomization/) to manage Secrets and ConfigMaps. You create a \*resource generator\* using Kustomize, which generates a Secret that you can apply to the API server using `kubectl`. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kustomize.md | main | kubernetes | [
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## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Create the Secret {#create-the-config-file} You can define the `Secret` object in a manifest first, in JSON or YAML format, and then create that object. The [Secret](/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/{{< param "version" >}}/#secret-... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-config-file.md | main | kubernetes | [
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`stringData` field for a Secret does not work well with server-side apply. {{< /note >}} The `Secret` object is created as follows: ```yaml apiVersion: v1 data: username: YWRtaW5pc3RyYXRvcg== kind: Secret metadata: creationTimestamp: 2018-11-15T20:46:46Z name: mysecret namespace: default resourceVersion: "7579" uid: 91... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-config-file.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows you how to create, edit, manage, and delete Kubernetes {{}} using the `kubectl` command-line tool. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Create a Secret A `Secret` object stores sensitive data such as credentials used by Pods to access services. For example, yo... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl.md | main | kubernetes | [
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existing `Secret` object unless it is [immutable](/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#secret-immutable). To edit a Secret, run the following command: ```shell kubectl edit secrets ``` This opens your default editor and allows you to update the base64 encoded Secret values in the `data` field, such as in the following ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/configmap-secret/managing-secret-using-kubectl.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to define commands and arguments when you run a container in a {{< glossary\_tooltip term\_id="pod" >}}. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}} ## Define a command and arguments when you create a Pod When you create a Pod, you can define a... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to securely inject sensitive data, such as passwords and encryption keys, into Pods. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ### Convert your secret data to a base-64 representation Suppose you want to have two pieces of secret data: a username `my-app` and a pa... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/distribute-credentials-secure.md | main | kubernetes | [
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- name: foo mountPath: "/etc/foo" readOnly: true volumes: - name: foo secret: secretName: mysecret items: - key: username path: my-group/my-username ``` When you deploy this Pod, the following happens: - The `username` key from `mysecret` is available to the container at the path `/etc/foo/my-group/my-username` instead... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/distribute-credentials-secure.md | main | kubernetes | [
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>}} - Create a Secret containing multiple key-value pairs ```shell kubectl create secret generic test-secret --from-literal=username='my-app' --from-literal=password='39528$vdg7Jb' ``` - Use envFrom to define all of the Secret's data as container environment variables. The key from the Secret becomes the environment va... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/distribute-credentials-secure.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to define environment variables for a container in a Kubernetes Pod. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Define an environment variable for a container When you create a Pod, you can set environment variables for the containers that run in the Pod. To set... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-environment-variable-container.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how a Pod can use a [`downwardAPI` volume](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#downwardapi), to expose information about itself to containers running in the Pod. A `downwardAPI` volume can expose Pod fields and container fields. In Kubernetes, there are two ways to expose Pod and container fields to a runni... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/downward-api-volume-expose-pod-information.md | main | kubernetes | [
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Pod that again has just one container: {{% code\_sample file="pods/inject/dapi-volume-resources.yaml" %}} In the manifest, you can see that the Pod has a [`downwardAPI` volume](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#downwardapi), and that the single container in that Pod mounts the volume at `/etc/podinfo`. Look at the `items... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/downward-api-volume-expose-pod-information.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to define dependent environment variables for a container in a Kubernetes Pod. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Define an environment dependent variable for a container When you create a Pod, you can set dependent environment variables for the containe... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-interdependent-environment-variables.md | main | kubernetes | [
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{{< feature-state feature\_gate\_name="EnvFiles" >}} This page show how to configure environment variables for containers in a Pod via file. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{% version-check %}} ## How the design works In this exercise, you will create a Pod that sources en... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-environment-variable-via-file.md | main | kubernetes | [
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[environment variables](/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/environment-variable-expose-pod-information/). \* Read [Defining Environment Variables for a Container](/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-environment-variable-container/) \* Read [Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Environment Variables](/do... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-environment-variable-via-file.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how a Pod can use environment variables to expose information about itself to containers running in the Pod, using the \_downward API\_. You can use environment variables to expose Pod fields, container fields, or both. In Kubernetes, there are two ways to expose Pod and container fields to a running co... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/environment-variable-expose-pod-information.md | main | kubernetes | [
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the new Pod isn't yet healthy, rerun this command a few times. kubectl get pods ``` View the container's logs: ```shell kubectl logs dapi-envars-resourcefieldref ``` The output shows the values of selected environment variables: ``` 1 1 33554432 67108864 ``` ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}} \* Read [Defining Environment ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/environment-variable-expose-pod-information.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page demonstrates how to build a basic {{< glossary\_tooltip text="DaemonSet" term\_id="daemonset" >}} that runs a Pod on every node in a Kubernetes cluster. It covers a simple use case of mounting a file from the host, logging its contents using an [init container](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/init-containers/),... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/create-daemon-set.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page demonstrates how can you run {{}} on only some {{}} as part of a {{}} ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Running Pods on only some Nodes Imagine that you want to run a {{}}, but you only need to run those daemon pods on nodes that have local solid state (SSD) stor... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/pods-some-nodes.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to perform a rolling update on a DaemonSet. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## DaemonSet Update Strategy DaemonSet has two update strategy types: \* `OnDelete`: With `OnDelete` update strategy, after you update a DaemonSet template, new DaemonSet pods wi... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/update-daemon-set.md | main | kubernetes | [
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of: ```shell kubectl get pods -l name=fluentd-elasticsearch -o wide -n kube-system ``` Once you've found those nodes, delete some non-DaemonSet pods from the node to make room for new DaemonSet pods. {{< note >}} This will cause service disruption when deleted pods are not controlled by any controllers or pods are not ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/update-daemon-set.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to perform a rollback on a {{< glossary\_tooltip term\_id="daemonset" >}}. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}} You should already know how to [perform a rolling update on a DaemonSet](/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/update-daemon-set/). ## Pe... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/rollback-daemon-set.md | main | kubernetes | [
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Sometimes things go wrong. This guide helps you gather the relevant information and resolve issues. It has four sections: \* [Debugging your application](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/) - Useful for users who are deploying code into Kubernetes and wondering why it is not working. \* [Debugging your cluster](/docs... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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Sweden | [`#se-users`](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/se-users) Turkey | [`#tr-users`](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/tr-users), [`#tr-events`](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/tr-events) {{< /table >}} ### Forum You're welcome to join the official Kubernetes Forum: [discuss.kubernetes.io](https://di... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page explains how to debug Pods running (or crashing) on a Node. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} \* Your {{< glossary\_tooltip text="Pod" term\_id="pod" >}} should already be scheduled and running. If your Pod is not yet running, start with [Debugging Pods](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/). \* For some of ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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the event. "Reason" and "Message" tell you what happened. ## Example: debugging Pending Pods A common scenario that you can detect using events is when you've created a Pod that won't fit on any node. For example, the Pod might request more resources than are free on any node, or it might specify a label selector that ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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has about the Pod. Here you will see things like annotations (which are key-value metadata without the label restrictions, that is used internally by Kubernetes system components), restart policy, ports, and volumes. ```shell kubectl get pod nginx-deployment-1006230814-6winp -o yaml ``` ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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it does not contain debugging utilities, but this method works with all container images. If you attempt to use `kubectl exec` to create a shell you will see an error because there is no shell in this container image. ```shell kubectl exec -it ephemeral-demo -- sh ``` ``` OCI runtime exec failed: exec failed: container... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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about how this works, see [Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod]( /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/share-process-namespace/). {{< /note >}} Don't forget to clean up the debugging Pod when you're finished with it: ```shell kubectl delete pod myapp myapp-debug ``` ### Copying a Pod while changing its co... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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need a privileged pod, create it manually or use the `--profile=sysadmin` flag. Don't forget to clean up the debugging Pod when you're finished with it: ```shell kubectl delete pod node-debugger-mynode-pdx84 ``` ### Capturing and analyzing Node/Pod traffic When debugging networking issues, capturing and analyzing netwo... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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means the container process is granted full capabilities as a privileged container by applying `sysadmin` profile. See more details about [capabilities](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/#set-capabilities-for-a-container). You can also check that the ephemeral container was created as a privileged co... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-running-pod.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to use `kubectl exec` to get a shell to a running container. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} ## Getting a shell to a container In this exercise, you create a Pod that has one container. The container runs the nginx image. Here is the configuration file f... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/get-shell-running-container.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This guide is to help users debug applications that are deployed into Kubernetes and not behaving correctly. This is \*not\* a guide for people who want to debug their cluster. For that you should check out [this guide](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster). ## Diagnosing the problem The first step in troubleshooting is tri... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-pods.md | main | kubernetes | [
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never changes immutable fields on `UPDATE` operations. For example, changes to containers are usually not allowed. - For a validating webhook, make sure that your validation policies only apply to new changes. In other words, you should allow Pods with existing violations to pass validation. This allows Pods that were ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-pods.md | main | kubernetes | [
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spec: - selector: name: nginx type: frontend ``` You can use: ```shell kubectl get pods --selector=name=nginx,type=frontend ``` to list pods that match this selector. Verify that the list matches the Pods that you expect to provide your Service. Verify that the pod's `containerPort` matches up with the Service's `targe... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-pods.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This task shows you how to debug a StatefulSet. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} \* You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. \* You should have a StatefulSet running that you want to investigate. ## Debugging a StatefulSet In order t... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-statefulset.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to investigate problems related to the execution of Init Containers. The example command lines below refer to the Pod as `` and the Init Containers as `` and ``. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}} \* You should be familiar with the bas... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-init-containers.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This page shows how to write and read a Container termination message. Termination messages provide a way for containers to write information about fatal events to a location where it can be easily retrieved and surfaced by tools like dashboards and monitoring software. In most cases, information that you put in a term... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/determine-reason-pod-failure.md | main | kubernetes | [
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"whatsnext" %}} \* See the `terminationMessagePath` field in [Container](/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/{{< param "version" >}}/#container-v1-core). \* See [ImagePullBackOff](/docs/concepts/containers/images/#imagepullbackoff) in [Images](/docs/concepts/containers/images/). \* Learn about [retrieving logs](/d... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/determine-reason-pod-failure.md | main | kubernetes | [
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An issue that comes up rather frequently for new installations of Kubernetes is that a Service is not working properly. You've run your Pods through a Deployment (or other workload controller) and created a Service, but you get no response when you try to access it. This document will hopefully help you to figure out w... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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would happen if you tried to access a non-existent Service? If you have another Pod that consumes this Service by name you would get something like: ```shell wget -O- hostnames ``` ```none Resolving hostnames (hostnames)... failed: Name or service not known. wget: unable to resolve host address 'hostnames' ``` The firs... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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this case it is looking for Services in the local Namespace ("default.svc.cluster.local"), Services in all Namespaces ("svc.cluster.local"), and lastly for names in the cluster ("cluster.local"). Depending on your own install you might have additional records after that (up to 6 total). The cluster suffix is passed int... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE hostnames-632524106-bbpiw 1/1 Running 0 1h hostnames-632524106-ly40y 1/1 Running 0 1h hostnames-632524106-tlaok 1/1 Running 0 1h ``` The `-l app=hostnames` argument is a label selector configured on the Service. The "AGE" column says that these Pods are about an hour old, which implies th... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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like: ```none I1027 22:14:53.995134 5063 server.go:200] Running in resource-only container "/kube-proxy" I1027 22:14:53.998163 5063 server.go:247] Using iptables Proxier. I1027 22:14:54.038140 5063 proxier.go:352] Setting endpoints for "kube-system/kube-dns:dns-tcp" to [10.244.1.3:53] I1027 22:14:54.038164 5063 proxier... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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{#a-pod-fails-to-reach-itself-via-the-service-ip} This might sound unlikely, but it does happen and it is supposed to work. This can happen when the network is not properly configured for "hairpin" traffic, usually when `kube-proxy` is running in `iptables` mode and Pods are connected with bridge network. The `Kubelet`... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/debug-service.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.05445... | 0.057823 |
{{< feature-state for\_k8s\_version="v1.11" state="stable" >}} `crictl` is a command-line interface for CRI-compatible container runtimes. You can use it to inspect and debug container runtimes and applications on a Kubernetes node. `crictl` and its source are hosted in the [cri-tools](https://github.com/kubernetes-sig... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/crictl.md | main | kubernetes | [
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Running nginx 0 1941fb4da154f k8s-gcrio.azureedge.net/hyperkube-amd64@sha256:00d814b1f7763f4ab5be80c58e98140dfc69df107f253d7fdd714b30a714260a 18 hours ago Running kube-proxy 0 ``` List running containers: ```shell crictl ps ``` The output is similar to this: ``` CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATE NAME ATTEMPT 1f73f2d81bf... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/crictl.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.000460328214103356,
0.06901505589485168,
0.0026063555851578712,
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0.06403058767318726,
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0.050843168050050735,
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0.07526355981826782,
0.09636925905942917,
-0.03204935044050217,
-0.07525645941495895,
0.0032346926163882017,
0.00385... | 0.064102 |
Kubernetes keeps many aspects of how pods execute on nodes abstracted from the user. This is by design. However, some workloads require stronger guarantees in terms of latency and/or performance in order to operate acceptably. The `kubelet` provides methods to enable more complex workload placement policies while keepi... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/topology.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.006806161720305681,
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-0.09... | 0.271574 |
"systemReserved":2252341248, "allocatable":133034381312, "reserved":29295144960, "free":103739236352 } }, "nodes":[ 0, 1 ] } }, "entries":{ "fa9bdd38-6df9-4cf9-aa67-8c4814da37a8":{ "guaranteed":[ { "numaAffinity":[ 0, 1 ], "type":"memory", "size":161061273600 } ] } }, "checksum":4142013182 } ``` It can be deduced from ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/topology.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.007734001614153385,
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0.023156043142080307,
-0.02... | 0.253446 |
## Node-level troubleshooting {#troubleshooting-node} 1. My Pods are stuck at "Container Creating" or restarting over and over Ensure that your pause image is compatible with your Windows OS version. See [Pause container](/docs/concepts/windows/intro/#pause-container) to see the latest / recommended pause image and/or ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/windows.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.05830621346831322,
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[section](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/#dns-windows). 1. `kubectl port-forward` fails with "unable to do port forwarding: wincat not found" This was implemented in Kubernetes 1.15 by including `wincat.exe` in the pause infrastructure container `mcr.microsoft.com/oss/kubernetes/pause:3.6`. Be sure ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/windows.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This documentation is about investigating and diagnosing {{}} related issues. If you encounter issues accessing `kubectl` or connecting to your cluster, this document outlines various common scenarios and potential solutions to help identify and address the likely cause. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} \* You need t... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/troubleshoot-kubectl.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.0... | 0.039936 |
check status for the cluster's API server. Verify the status of the load balancer (if used) to ensure it is healthy and forwarding traffic to the API server. ## TLS problems \* Additional tools required - `base64` and `openssl` version 3.0 or above. The Kubernetes API server only serves HTTPS requests by default. In th... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/troubleshoot-kubectl.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.031727... | 0.033562 |
Kubernetes \_auditing\_ provides a security-relevant, chronological set of records documenting the sequence of actions in a cluster. The cluster audits the activities generated by users, by applications that use the Kubernetes API, and by the control plane itself. Auditing allows cluster administrators to answer the fo... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/audit.md | main | kubernetes | [
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script. You can also refer to the [`Policy` configuration reference](/docs/reference/config-api/apiserver-audit.v1/#audit-k8s-io-v1-Policy) for details about the fields defined. ## Audit backends Audit backends persist audit events to an external storage. Out of the box, the kube-apiserver provides two backends: - Log ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/audit.md | main | kubernetes | [
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mode: - `--audit-webhook-batch-buffer-size` defines the number of events to buffer before batching. If the rate of incoming events overflows the buffer, events are dropped. The default value is 10000. - `--audit-webhook-batch-max-size` defines the maximum number of events in one batch. The default value is 400. - `--au... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/audit.md | main | kubernetes | [
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size in bytes of the batch sent to the underlying backend. - `audit-log-truncate-max-event-size` maximum size in bytes of the audit event sent to the underlying backend. By default truncate is disabled in both `webhook` and `log`, a cluster administrator should set `audit-log-truncate-enabled` or `audit-webhook-truncat... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/audit.md | main | kubernetes | [
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To scale an application and provide a reliable service, you need to understand how the application behaves when it is deployed. You can examine application performance in a Kubernetes cluster by examining the containers, [pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/), [services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/), an... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md | main | kubernetes | [
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should be capable of handling the [OpenMetrics](https://openmetrics.io/) metrics transmission standard and needs to be chosen to best fit into your overall design and deployment of your infrastructure platform. ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}} Learn about additional debugging tools, including: \* [Logging](/docs/concepts... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md | main | kubernetes | [
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\*Node Problem Detector\* is a daemon for monitoring and reporting about a node's health. You can run Node Problem Detector as a `DaemonSet` or as a standalone daemon. Node Problem Detector collects information about node problems from various daemons and reports these conditions to the API server as Node [Condition](/... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/monitor-node-health.md | main | kubernetes | [
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- A `HealthChecker` type of daemon checks the health of the kubelet and container runtime on a node. ### Adding support for other log format {#support-other-log-format} The system log monitor currently supports file-based logs, journald, and kmsg. Additional sources can be added by implementing a new [log watcher](http... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/monitor-node-health.md | main | kubernetes | [
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For Kubernetes, the \_Metrics API\_ offers a basic set of metrics to support automatic scaling and similar use cases. This API makes information available about resource usage for node and pod, including metrics for CPU and memory. If you deploy the Metrics API into your cluster, clients of the Kubernetes API can then ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/resource-metrics-pipeline.md | main | kubernetes | [
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{ "name": "minikube", "selfLink": "/apis/metrics.k8s.io/v1beta1/nodes/minikube", "creationTimestamp": "2022-01-27T18:48:43Z" }, "timestamp": "2022-01-27T18:48:33Z", "window": "30s", "usage": { "cpu": "487558164n", "memory": "732212Ki" } } ``` Here is an example of the Metrics API request for a `kube-scheduler-minikube`... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/resource-metrics-pipeline.md | main | kubernetes | [
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You can also check out the following: \* [metrics-server design](https://git.k8s.io/design-proposals-archive/instrumentation/metrics-server.md) \* [metrics-server FAQ](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/blob/master/FAQ.md) \* [metrics-server known issues](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/resource-metrics-pipeline.md | main | kubernetes | [
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{{% thirdparty-content %}} Kubernetes applications usually consist of multiple, separate services, each running in its own container. Developing and debugging these services on a remote Kubernetes cluster can be cumbersome, requiring you to [get a shell on a running container](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/get-sh... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/local-debugging.md | main | kubernetes | [
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... | 0.174717 |
This page shows how to debug a [node](/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes/) running on the Kubernetes cluster using `kubectl debug` command. ## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} {{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}} You need to have permission to create Pods and to assign those new Pods to arbitr... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/kubectl-node-debug.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This doc is about cluster troubleshooting; we assume you have already ruled out your application as the root cause of the problem you are experiencing. See the [application troubleshooting guide](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-application/) for tips on application debugging. You may also visit the [troubleshooting overview do... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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(10%) 0 (0%) 28m Allocated resources: (Total limits may be over 100 percent, i.e., overcommitted.) Resource Requests Limits -------- -------- ------ cpu 1100m (55%) 1 (50%) memory 456Mi (24%) 256Mi (13%) ephemeral-storage 0 (0%) 0 (0%) hugepages-2Mi 0 (0%) 0 (0%) Events: ... ``` ```shell kubectl get node kube-worker-1 ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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these will be replicated as well and may not be co-located - they do not have their own persistent state - Individual node (VM or physical machine) shuts down - Results - pods on that Node stop running - Network partition - Results - partition A thinks the nodes in partition B are down; partition B thinks the apiserver... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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This section lists the different ways to set up and run Kubernetes. When you install Kubernetes, choose an installation type based on: ease of maintenance, security, control, available resources, and expertise required to operate and manage a cluster. You can [download Kubernetes](/releases/download/) to deploy a Kuber... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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{{% dockershim-removal %}} You need to install a {{< glossary\_tooltip text="container runtime" term\_id="container-runtime" >}} into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there. This page outlines what is involved and describes related tasks for setting up nodes. Kubernetes {{< skew currentVersion >}} requires... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes.md | main | kubernetes | [
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of the processes become unstable under resource pressure. The approach to mitigate this instability is to use `systemd` as the cgroup driver for the kubelet and the container runtime when systemd is the selected init system. To set `systemd` as the cgroup driver, edit the [`KubeletConfiguration`](/docs/tasks/administer... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.002763892523944378,
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-0.... | 0.148053 |
``` [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc] ... [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options] SystemdCgroup = true ``` Containerd versions 2.x: ``` [plugins.'io.containerd.cri.v1.runtime'.containerd.runtimes.runc] ... [plugins.'io.containerd.cri.v1.runtime'.containerd.run... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes.md | main | kubernetes | [
-0.028704466298222542,
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... | 0.075687 |
to find out the path to the CRI socket. #### Overriding the sandbox (pause) image {#override-pause-image-cri-dockerd-mcr} The `cri-dockerd` adapter accepts a command line argument for specifying which container image to use as the Pod infrastructure container (“pause image”). The command line argument to use is `--pod-... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0... | 0.135426 |
A production-quality Kubernetes cluster requires planning and preparation. If your Kubernetes cluster is to run critical workloads, it must be configured to be resilient. This page explains steps you can take to set up a production-ready cluster, or to promote an existing cluster for production use. If you're already f... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.0... | 0.090013 |
\*worker nodes\*, \*user access\*, and \*workload resources\*. ## Production cluster setup In a production-quality Kubernetes cluster, the control plane manages the cluster from services that can be spread across multiple computers in different ways. Each worker node, however, represents a single entity that is configu... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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details. - \*Manage on-going features\*: If you plan to keep your cluster over time, there are tasks you need to do to maintain its health and security. For example, if you installed with kubeadm, there are instructions to help you with [Certificate Management](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-certs/) and... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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... | 0.160948 |
cluster (authentication) and deciding if they have permissions to do what they are asking (authorization): - \*Authentication\*: The apiserver can authenticate users using client certificates, bearer tokens, an authenticating proxy, or HTTP basic auth. You can choose which authentication methods you want to use. Using ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.019... | 0.141009 |
namespace. See [Managing Service Accounts](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/service-accounts-admin/) for information on creating a new service account. For example, you might want to: - Add secrets that a pod could use to pull images from a particular container registry. See [Configure Service Accounts for Pods](/doc... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.02... | 0.119695 |
There are many methods and tools for setting up your own production Kubernetes cluster. For example: - [kubeadm](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/) - [Cluster API](https://cluster-api.sigs.k8s.io/): A Kubernetes sub-project focused on providing declarative APIs and tooling to simplify provisioning, upgr... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/_index.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.0... | 0.109376 |
As with any program, you might run into an error installing or running kubeadm. This page lists some common failure scenarios and have provided steps that can help you understand and fix the problem. If your problem is not listed below, please follow the following steps: - If you think your problem is a bug with kubead... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.00... | 0.054758 |
[Debugging Kubernetes nodes with crictl](/docs/tasks/debug/debug-cluster/crictl/). ## Pods in `RunContainerError`, `CrashLoopBackOff` or `Error` state Right after `kubeadm init` there should not be any pods in these states. - If there are pods in one of these states \_right after\_ `kubeadm init`, please open an issue ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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see errors such as `x509: certificate has expired or is not yet valid` in kube-apiserver logs. To fix the issue you must follow these steps: 1. Backup and delete `/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf` and `/var/lib/kubelet/pki/kubelet-client\*` from the failed node. 1. From a working control plane node in the cluster that has ... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.029... | 0.045686 |
an older version of Docker, you might experience a scenario where the `coredns` pods are not starting. To solve that, you can try one of the following options: - Upgrade to a [newer version of Docker](/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/#docker). - [Disable SELinux](https://access.redhat.com/documenta... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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0.013... | 0.069302 |
is [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubeadm/issues/1027). ## `/usr` is mounted read-only on nodes {#usr-mounted-read-only} On Linux distributions such as Fedora CoreOS or Flatcar Container Linux, the directory `/usr` is mounted as a read-only filesystem. For [flex-volume support](https://github.com/kubernetes/commu... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.05353694036602974,
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-0.01... | 0.066055 |
tried to recover everything into the earlier state. Errors faced k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade.rollbackOldManifests cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade/staticpods.go:525 k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade.upgradeComponent cmd/kubeadm/app/phases/upgrade/staticpods.go:254 k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.... | 0.035385 |
This page shows how to install the `kubeadm` toolbox. For information on how to create a cluster with kubeadm once you have performed this installation process, see the [Creating a cluster with kubeadm](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/) page. {{< doc-versions-list "installation g... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
0.10029739141464233,
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-0.134897... | 0.179786 |
adapter. ## Check required ports {#check-required-ports} These [required ports](/docs/reference/networking/ports-and-protocols/) need to be open in order for Kubernetes components to communicate with each other. You can use tools like [netcat](https://netcat.sourceforge.net) to check if a port is open. For example: ```... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0... | 0.1354 |
control plane you want kubeadm to install for you. If you do not, there is a risk of a version skew occurring that can lead to unexpected, buggy behaviour. However, \_one\_ minor version skew between the kubelet and the control plane is supported, but the kubelet version may never exceed the API server version. For exa... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.... | 0.024185 |
do this until SELinux support is improved in the kubelet. - You can leave SELinux enabled if you know how to configure it but it may require settings that are not supported by kubeadm. {{< /caution >}} 2. Add the Kubernetes `yum` repository. The `exclude` parameter in the repository definition ensures that the packages... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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... | 0.029281 |
If you are running into difficulties with kubeadm, please consult our [troubleshooting docs](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/troubleshooting-kubeadm/). ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}} \* [Using kubeadm to Create a Cluster](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/) | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.0... | 0.110299 |
This page covers how to customize the components that kubeadm deploys. For control plane components you can use flags in the `ClusterConfiguration` structure or patches per-node. For the kubelet and kube-proxy you can use `KubeletConfiguration` and `KubeProxyConfiguration`, accordingly. All of these options are possibl... | https://github.com/kubernetes/website/blob/main//content/en/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/control-plane-flags.md | main | kubernetes | [
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-0.0... | 0.068493 |
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