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The if-else statement is one of the widely used control flow statements while programming. It lets the program execute a set of statements enclosed within the "if" block only if the certain condition evaluates to true otherwise program executes statements of "else" block. So it provides the facility to the programmer t...
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The Atmosphere — Ice — Water Interface: On the necessity of boundary layer modelling In his search for energy sources and minerals, man has started to develop the high potential wealth of the Arctic. Thus, we must promote climatological, ecological, hydrographical and meteorological studies, to provide knowledge of how...
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Common name: a copepod available through www.itis.gov Size: Less than 1 mm Native Range: The genus has a worldwide distribution. However, Bruno et al. (2000) believe it may be introduced to North America from Eurasia as a large majority of records come from disturbed habitats. Interactive maps: Point Distribution Maps ...
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As you saw in the previous chapter, the list data type is an illusion created by a set of functions that manipulate cons cells. Common Lisp also provides functions that let you treat data structures built out of cons cells as trees, sets, and lookup tables. In this chapter I’ll give you a quick tour of some of these ot...
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Add command descriptions |Deletions are marked like this.||Additions are marked like this.| |Line 56:||Line 56:| |* set exec-direction [forward | reverse]| |Line 57:||Line 58:| |A modal command: when exec-direction is set to "reverse", all ordinary execution commands such as "step" and "continue" will cause the program...
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Marty Holmes, a landscaper from Stockton, Calif., had never heard of a regulatory T cell before his doctor suggested that it could be the key to helping him survive his cancer. Holmes recalled that he didnt bat an eye when the doctors proposed an experimental radiation and drug procedure to help boost these cells, even...
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Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker, 1856) Abundant in the Solitary Islands Marine Park. Distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region: from Somalia and South Africa, to the Line, Marquesan and Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern New Zealand, Rapa and Lord Howe Islands. In Australia recorded from...
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Process uses light-harvesting nanoparticles, captures energy from 'hot electrons' Rice University researchers have demonstrated an efficient new way to capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into clean, renewable energy by splitting water molecules. The technology, which is described online in the American Che...
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Despite the high temperatures, geologists and climate researchers find evidence that there was sea ice at the North Pole during the last interglacial Temperatures in the Arctic are currently climbing two to three times faster than the global average. The result - and, thanks to feedback effects, also the cause - is dwi...
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If you're searching for Copper (Cu): Fun Facts and Information About the Element to help with your children's homework, to use as a website resource for your classroom, or to use in your lesson plan for your students, the information below can help. What is the symbol? Cu What is the atomic number? 29 What is the atomi...
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ASP.NET Web Pages - Folders This chapter is about folders and folder paths. In this chapter you will learn: - About Logical and Physical folder structures - About Virtual and Physical names - About web URLs and Paths Logical Folder Structure Below is a typical folder structure for an ASP.NET web pages web: - The "Accou...
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Locked in Arctic Soils Into the Ocean, Researchers Say The Arctic Ocean receives about ten percent of Earths river water and with it some 25 teragrams [28 million tons] per year of dissolved organic carbon that had been held in far northern bogs and other soils. Scientists had not known the age of the carbon that reach...
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Chlorocypha radix Longfield, 1959 Western Red-tipped Jewel - scientific: C. glauca (Selys, 1879) ssp. radix Type locality: Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria No diagnosis of this species that replaces C. glauca in western Africa is presently available. Please refer to the references provided. Streams shaded by forest, but sometimes in...
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Chlorophyll fluorescence extraction from water-leaving radiance of algae-containing water through polarization - 42 Downloads When measuring reflectance spectra, it is very important to accurately extract chlorophyll fluorescence from elastic- scattering light in water-leaving radiance. The elastic scattering of light ...
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Pictured is an image, captured by satellite, of the moon passing in front of Earth. This image may look photoshopped but it is 100 percent legitimate. NASA released the photograph, taken by a camera aboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite. The image shows the fully illuminated “dark side” of the mo...
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The LUNA experiment at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy has observed a rare nuclear reaction that occurs in giant red stars, a type of star in which our sun will also evolve. This is the first direct observation of sodium production in these stars, one of the nuclear reactions that is fundamental for th...
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- the induction of an electromotive force by the motion of a conductor across a magnetic field or by a change in magnetic flux in a magnetic field. Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018 The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005...
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Side view of a collapsed lava pit on the East Pacific Rise near 9°50N at a depth of 2,500 meters (about 8,000 feet). Two lava pillars in the center of the photo support a piece of the upper crust of the lava flow several inches thick. Underside of a piece of lava from the East Pacific Rise showing drip structures or st...
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To obtain a lightweight and high-strength wood sandwich structure, a wooden lattice sandwich cell element was designed in combination with a pyramid-type structure. After inserting glue to prepare the cell unit, the influence of panel thickness and core diameter on the unit cell force was analyzed and compared under th...
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The color representation of the digamma function, , in a rectangular region of the complex plane In mathematics, the digamma function is defined as the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function: It is the first of the polygamma functions. The digamma function is often denoted as ψ0(x), ψ(0)(x) or Ϝ (the uppercase fo...
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|A purple-striped jelly (Chrysaora colorata) on exhibit at Monterey Bay Aquarium| The purple-striped jelly (Chrysaora colorata) is a species of jellyfish that exists primarily off the coast of California in Monterey Bay. The bell (body) of the jellyfish is up to 70 cm (27.6 inches or 2.3 feet) in diameter, typically wi...
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Whistling tree frogs, Litoria verreauxii, are one of the species monitored around Canberra for their response to climate change. Catching the eye/flickr Climate change can seem far removed from our everyday lives, which is why a citizen science program measuring how frogs are dealing with a warming world is so importan...
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United States of Energy Learn more about Teaching Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness» See how this Animation supports the Next Generation Science Standards» High School: 2 Disciplinary Core Ideas, 1 Science and Engineering Practice About Teaching Climate Literacy 4.1 Humans transfer and transform energy. 4.5 Electri...
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Population biology of alpine plants Extreme climate conditions (i.e., a cold winter and a short summer with significant fluctuations in temperature between day and night) is the main stress factor in alpine habitats. Consequently, alpine plants must adapt their age population structure and growth strategy to the fluctu...
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Interaction domain on proteins that modulate this potent hormone allows them to stack back-to-front like button magnets Wikipedia lists 65 adjectives that botanists use to describe the shapes of plant leaves. In English (rather than Latin) they mean the leaf is lance-shaped, spear-shaped, kidney-shaped, diamond shaped,...
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Application of Nuclear Calculation Methods to the Planning of Radiation Treatment with Gamma Rays Computer programs have been developed in recent years for the design of nuclear reactors with improved shielding; these can be applied in radiology to provide a theoretical basis for earlier experimental work and semi-empi...
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Streamlined sharks are legendary for their effortless swimming. George Lauder from Harvard University, USA, explains that the fish have long inspired human engineers, but more recently attention has focused on how the fish's remarkable skin boosts swimming. Coated in razor sharp tooth-like scales, called denticles, the...
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Scientists at Helmholtz Zentrum München have succeeded in stimulating the regeneration of injured neurons in living fish by the use of light. To this end, they employed so-called Optogenetics, i.e. light inducible protein activation. The results have recently been published in the journal ‘Current Biology’. The nervous...
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Amateur astronomy has undergone a revolution in the last few years, thanks to the advent of affordable sophisticated technology. A modern amateur’s computer-controlled telescope can find and then track any celestial body. The CCD astrocamera plugged into it can obtain images that years ago would have required a large p...
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Freshwater ecosystems in northern regions are home to significantly more species of water fleas than traditionally thought, adding to evidence that regions with vanishing waters contain unique animal life. The new information on water fleas -- which are actually tiny crustaceans -- comes from a multi-year, internationa...
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Authors: Eric Su A standing wave consists of two identical waves moving in opposite direction. A frequency detector moving toward the standing wave will detect two different frequencies. One is blueshifted, the other is redshifted. The distance between two adjacent nodes in the standing wave is equal to half of the wav...
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ALL >> Business >> View Article Asteroid Clay Is A Better Space Radiation Shield Than Aluminium Total Articles: 181 Space travel Two words that make most of us jump up with joy. Turns out Star Trek and Stargate fans might only have to wait a few decades before they can start thinking about traveling to distant ‘lands’....
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The .Net Common Language Specifications In an object-oriented environment such as C# and the .Net platform, everything is an object. Once an object is created it needs to be able to communicate or interact with other objects, and the object may need to be manipulated. These other objects may have been created in a diff...
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The axiom of choice is the most esoteric math concept you are likely to encounter. You might think it has no relevance to computing, but you would be wrong. A Programmers Guide To Theory - What Is Computable? - Finite State Machines - What is a Turing Machine? - Computational Complexity - Non-computable numbers* - The ...
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A phreatomagmatic eruption ends when the water supply is exhausted, and not, as in most other eruptions when the magma stops rising. The development of an explosive surge is dependent on the magma coming into contact with water and forming a phreatomagmatic eruption. Water for a phreatomagmatic eruption could come from...
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Is it possible to excite a photon? Or bring it to a higher electronvolt? In the case of massive particles, what would it mean to "excite" one? I mean in detail - not just to give it more energy. Then try to see how that could relate to photons. The words "excite", or "bring to higher level" suggests the existence of le...
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A canyon or gorge is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and ... The processes of weathering and erosion will form canyons when the river's headwaters and estuary are at .... the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, is regarded by some as the deepest canyon in the world at 5,500 m ( 18,000 f...
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ERN Item Type: - Classroom Activities Acids are substances that have a sour taste and strong smell. Lemon juice and vinegar are common acids. Acid rain is formed when pollution inthe air mixes with the rain and falls to the ground. In this activity, vinegar will represent acid rain, and an antacid tablet will represent...
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The effects of light and moisture on the early establishment of four canopy tree seedlings were studied from October 1999 to August 2000. The study was undertaken in a primary dry forest in the Hellshire Hills protected area, Jamaica with rainfall for the year totaling 650 mm most of which fell during the 6-month long ...
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Science says: The lunar surface is much more awesome than you think it is. Here are ten heavenly bodies, ranked according to their general awesomeness: While this list might not be 100 percent scientifically accurate ... still, poor Moon. It lacks the intrigue of the sun, the mystery of Mars, even the lonely metaphor o...
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Plant cells communicate via microscopic channels called plasmodesmata that are embedded in their cell walls. For the stem cells in the plants' growing tips, called "meristems," the plasmodesmata are lifelines, allowing nutrients and genetic instructions for growth to flow in. Developmental and environmental cues trigge...
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Nagoya University-led team of physicists use a synchrotron radiation X-ray source to probe a so-called 'structure-less' transition and develop a new understanding of molecular conductors We normally associate conduction of electricity with metals. However, some of the high measured conductivities are found in certain o...
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2. Polar Covalent Bonds: Acids and Bases. Based on McMurry’s Organic Chemistry , 7 th edition. Why this chapter?. Description of basic ways chemists account for chemical reactivity. Establish foundation for understanding specific reactions discussed in subsequent chapters. Download Policy: Content on the Website is pro...
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There is a common question of “why is geothermal energy considered a renewable resource?”. Well, talking about renewable resources, usually geothermal energy is not as popular as solar energy or wind energy. However, certainly this geothermal energy is in there whenever we talk about renewable resources. This is the in...
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Smart, Self-Healing Hydrogels A smart, self-healing hydrogel developed at UC San Diego is made of linked chains of polymer molecules that are similar to the soft tissues of the body. "Dangling side chain" molecules add the capability of self-repair when the body of the hydrogel is cut or damaged. (Smart, self-healing h...
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Earth might be our Solar System’s last habitable planet after all By Mike Wehner Earth is a fantastic place to be right now, but that won’t always be the case. If humanity doesn’t manage to completely destroy the planet for ourselves before our sun begins to grow noticeably warmer, its intense heat will make our world ...
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The aurorae on Mars were discovered in 2004 using the SPICAM ultraviolet and infrared atmospheric spectrometer on board Mars Express. They are a powerful tool with which scientists can investigate the composition and structure of the Red Planet’s atmosphere. Now Francois Leblanc, from the Service d’Aéronomie, IPSL/CNRS...
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The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a system of ocean currents that has an essential role in Earth’s climate, redistributing heat and influencing the carbon cycle1, 2. The AMOC has been shown to be weakening in recent years1; this decline may reflect decadal-scale variability in convection in the ...
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Losing green up the stack By Steven Powell, email@example.com, 803-777-1923 Fume hoods are an essential feature of many laboratories. They provide an enclosed workspace, typically the size of a large desktop, for mixing chemicals that give off noxious vapors, which are whisked out of the building by the ventilation sys...
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Measurement and Detection of X-Rays In any application or study of X-rays some method of detection of the X-ray beam will be required. It may be sufficient to detect the existence of a beam or to record its position relative to the incident beam or to some other reference. In such cases qualitative methods are acceptab...
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Soils and Global Change — An Overview There have been a number of meetings and publications on soils and global change in the last few years (Anderson, 1992; Scharpenseel et al., 1990; Bouwman, 1990; Arnold et al., 1990). In continuing further with this work, we ought to bear in mind that the study of soil has been cha...
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Daniel Bernoulli wrote Euler on 18 December 1734 that he was studying the small (transversal) vibrations of a rod with one end fixed in a wall.1 On 4 May 1735, he wrote that he had found the equation for its shape, namely â d4 y/ dz4 = y, but that its solutions known to him, namely sine and exponential functions, were ...
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Elliptic boundary problems To solve a boundary problem means to find a solution of a given differential equation in an open set (or manifold with boundary) Ω which on the boundary of Ω satisfies som other given differential equations, called the boundary conditions. In the previous chapters we have only discussed the C...
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into the atmosphere than all of mankind to date, let alone 10,000 times more, is one of the most pervasive as well as one of the most demonstrably false climatological claims out there. It stems, ultimately, from a geologist named Ian Plimer, infamous for writing a widely discredited book titled Heaven and Earth, which...
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1. The C-O-C bond angle (degees) in the compound CH3-O-CH3 is closest to 2. Which of the following molecules would be expected to be MOST water soluble? 3. The relationship between CH3CH2OH and HOCH2CH3 is best described as a. constitutional isomers b. geometric isomers c. unrelated compounds d. same compound 4. The st...
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Explaining the mysterious dynamics of glassy materials Colorful church windows, beads on a necklace and many of our favorite plastics share something in common -- they all belong to a state of matter known as glasses. School children learn the difference between liquids and gases, but centuries of scholarship have fail...
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It's a make-out session on a cosmic scale: Two incredibly hot stars, spinning in a tight orbit around one another, appear to be "kissing." The stellar pair are so close together that their surfaces overlap, creating a bridge between them. The smooching stars are two of the hottest and most massive overlapping double st...
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A Korean research team has developed semi-transparent perovskite solar cells that could be great candidates for solar windows. Scientists are exploring ways to develop transparent or semi-transparent solar cells as a substitute for glass walls in modern buildings with the aim of harnessing solar energy. But this has pr...
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Metagenomic technologies of detecting genetic resources of microorganisms - 42 Downloads Although metagenomics is a relatively new scientific trend, it has managed to become popular in many countries, including Russia, over its 20-year history. This division of molecular genetics studies ecosystem- extracted nucleic ac...
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Skip to collection list Skip to video grid Java Tutorial - 05 - Using Array Length Instance Variable Get more lessons like this at http://www.MathTutorDVD.com Learn how to program in java with our online tutorial. We will cover variables, loops, if else branching, arrays, strings, objects, classes, object oriented prog...
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Max Planck scientists show how persistent pollutants will accumulate in the Arctic in the future. Many organic pollutants that originate from industrial and technical processes, are persistent and are not degraded in the environment. This poses a hazard for the environment and life even in remote regions of the world. ...
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Researchers have for the first time used a gene editing technique to successfully cure a genetic condition in a mouse model. Researchers have developed a gentle, contact-free method that uses sound waves to separate circulating tumour cells from blood samples quickly and efficiently enough for clinical use. New researc...
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Dendritic cells monitor foreign substances in the body and communicate whether they present a danger to the rest of the immune system. Emory immunologists have developed a sensitive method to detect and follow dendritic cells by marking them with a change in their DNA, and have discovered that they are more numerous an...
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- Open Access Long-term trends in geomagnetic daily variation © The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences (SGEPSS); The Seismological Society of Japan; The Volcanological Society of Japan; The Geodetic Society of Japan; The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences. 2007 Received: 11 September 2...
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Particulate matter sinking to the deep-sea floor at 2000 M in the Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, with a description of a new sedimentation trap MetadataShow full item record LocationTongue of the Ocean A sedimentation trap for use just above the deep-sea floor was free-fallen to a depth of 2050 m in the Tongue of the Oc...
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Even with 'mixed fibers' chromatin does not change its 3-D structure "Interphase" refers to the period in the cell cycle in which chromosomes spend most of their time. During this phase, in between mitoses, chromosomes live "dissolved'' in the nucleus where they carry out the processes required for the duplication of g...
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1. A fisherman catches two striped bass. The smaller of the two has a measured length of 93.46 cm(two decimal places, four significant figures), and the larger fish has a measured length of 135.3cm (one decimal place, four significant figures). What is the total length of fish caught for the day? 2. How many significan...
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Turning-point filtering is a method to focus acoustic energy from a vertical line array receiver into an oceanographically meaningful image. The turning-point filter is a simple modification of the linear beamformer which compensates for the sound-speed variation in the water column. Focused peaks in the image (phase-s...
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Researchers compared the ecological consequences of variation within species and among species, and found similar effects in many cases Concerns about biodiversity tend to focus on the loss of species from ecosystems, but a new study suggests that the loss of variation within species can also have important ecological ...
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Forest Soils of the South The impacts of acidic deposition depend strongly on the specific chemistry of each soil and the nutrient cycles within each ecosystem. To provide perspective on the general characteristics, patterns, and diversity of forest soils in the South, the general geomorphology of the region and the ma...
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Bands of strong thunderstorms that make up tropical storm Nock-ten were visible in an infrared image captured on July 28 by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument that flies on NASA's Aqua satellite. The colder the cloud tops, the higher the thunderstorms and the stronger they are, and cloud top temperature...
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They have masses of 13 and 14 respectively and are referred to as "carbon-13" and "carbon-14." If two atoms have equal numbers of protons but differing numbers of neutrons, one is said to be an "isotope" of the other. Carbon-13 and carbon-14 are thus isotopes of carbon-12. Carbon has an atomic number of 6, an atomic we...
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Populations of dolphins in the Eastern Pacific were expected to increase in abundance after successful regulations and agreements were enacted to reduce dolphin deaths as a result of fishing “bycatch,” cases in which animals are caught unintentionally along with intended targets. But the new study, published in the Oct...
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Higher Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists by Ivan S. Sokolnikoff Publisher: McGraw Hill 1941 Number of pages: 537 A book on mathematics beyond the calculus, written from the point of view of the student of applied science. The chief purpose of the book is to help to bridge the gap which separates many engineers f...
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Prof. Dr. Sabine Zachgo, Director of the Botanical Garden of the Osnabrück University and Head of the Network commented: “This project will contribute to the requirements of the German National Biological Strategy and promote the implementation of the preservation of genetic diversity of wild species and the protection...
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This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) In mathematics and its applications, particularly to phase transitions in matter, a Stefan problem (also Stefan task) is a particular kind of boundary value problem for a partial differential equat...
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Dark matter holds the universe together right? Well, the theory of dark matter may be widely believed, but there isn't much of it in our part of the universe. The research team puts forward its findings. Believers question the accuracy of what they have found. This isn't a question of how much is out there. The team fo...
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Kostal Cone is made of fragmented and solidified lava called cinder and its summit contains a bowl-shaped crater. Kostal's cinders were ejected by lava fountain eruptions and accumulated around the volcano's vent in the shape of a cone when they fell back around its surroundings. Lava flows from Kostal's 400 BP eruptio...
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A study conducted by University of Utah genetics researchers shows that the steroid hormone ecdysone controls an important phase in the embryonic development of insects, providing an unexpected parallel with the role of the hormone in controlling metamorphosis. The studys findings also give scientists new insights into...
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The hippocampus in the brain's temporal lobe is responsible for more than just long-term memory. Researchers have for the first time demonstrated that it is also involved in quick and successful conflict resolution. The team headed by Prof Dr Nikolai Axmacher from the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), together with collea...
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But a group of researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison is examining alternative materials that can be modified to absorb oil and chemicals. If further developed, the technology may offer a cheaper and “greener” method to absorb oil and heavy metals from water and other surfaces. Shaoqin “Sarah” Gong, a resea...
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Deposits in lakes and seas contain a wealth of information related to the environ-mental conditions prevalent during their genesis. Thus, they are an unfailing archive, particularly with regard to paleo-environmental conditions, for environmental and climate scientists. Now, the fine art is to interpret the derived dat...
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This function returns the end of line (EOL) text marker, also known as CRLF (carriage return line feed ~ #13 #10). @EOL() : String String split := @EOL(); String file := "c:\test\file_in_utf8.txt"; Integer cpUTF8 := 65001; //the utf8 codepage; @FileReadTextLines(file, cpUTF8, textLines, split); //Now the file was read ...
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If we add to unknown number 21, then divide by 6 and then subtract 51, we get back an unknown number. What is this unknown number? What is this unknown number? Leave us a comment of example and its solution (i.e. if it is still somewhat unclear...): Showing 0 comments: Be the first to comment! To solve this verbal math...
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They expect that part of the Northern hemisphere’s longest floating glacier will continue to disintegrate within the next year. A massive 11-square-mile (29-square-kilometer) piece of the Petermann Glacier in northern Greenland broke away between July 10th and by July 24th. The loss to that glacier is equal to half the...
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The Craft of Fractional Modelling in Science and Engineering by Jordan Hristov (ed.) Publisher: MDPI AG 2018 Number of pages: 140 Fractional calculus has performed an important role in the fields of mathematics, physics, electronics, mechanics, and engineering in recent years. The modeling methods involving fractional ...
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The team from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich have discovered that coating the film with a mix of silver and calcium phosphate nano-particles proves deadly to bacteria. Wendelin Stark, a chemical engineer and leader of the project explained that it had been previously impossible to apply silver in a t...
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Please consider donating to Behind the Black, by giving either a one-time contribution or a regular subscription, as outlined in the tip jar to the right or below. Your support will allow me to continue covering science and culture as I have for the past twenty years, independent and free from any outside influence. In...
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Blood is essentially an aqueous solution but it must transport a variety of non polar substances (hormones for example). Colloidal proteins, termed albumins, facillitate this transport. Must these albumins be polar or nonpolar?© BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com July 18, 2018, 7:03 am ad1c9bdddf Since plasma is made up prim...
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But scientists have come to realize that an even more acute danger than climate change is lurking in the world's oceans—one that is likely to be triggered by CO2 levels that are modest by climate standards. Ocean acidification could devastate coral reefs and other marine ecosystems even if atmospheric carbon dioxide st...
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Ruby's for loop works on a list of items, and it iterates over them, one by one. For example, here is a for loop that iterates over the items in an array, displaying each in turn: for i in [1,2,3] do puts( i ) end The for loop is more like the "for each" iterator. The items over which the loop iterates don't have to be...
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Researchers at MIT and Rice University have discovered that microRNAs, an emerging class of non-protein gene regulators thus far only identified in animals, also exist in plants. By extending the known phylogenetic range of miRNAs to plants, this work points to an ancient evolutionary origin for microRNAs. The report i...
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