Datasets:
scim
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naacl_data_prog

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[ "Solving math word problems requires deductive reasoning over the quantities in the text.", "Various recent research efforts mostly relied on sequence-to-sequence or sequence-to-tree models to generate mathematical expressions without explicitly performing relational reasoning between quantities in the given cont...
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[ "For task-oriented dialog systems, training a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based Dialog Management module suffers from low sample efficiency and slow convergence speed due to the sparse rewards in RL.", "To solve this problem, many strategies have been proposed to give proper rewards when training RL, but their re...
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[ "Missing sentence generation (or sentence infilling) fosters a wide range of applications in natural language generation, such as document auto-completion and meeting note expansion.", "This task asks the model to generate intermediate missing sentences that can syntactically and semantically bridge the surroundi...
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[ "Speech Act Classification determining the communicative intent of an utterance has been investigated widely over the years as a standalone task.", "This holds true for discussion in any fora including social media platform such as Twitter.", "But the emotional state of the tweeter which has a considerable effe...
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[ "We present a novel iterative, edit-based approach to unsupervised sentence simplification.", "Our model is guided by a scoring function involving fluency, simplicity, and meaning preservation.", "Then, we iteratively perform word and phrase-level edits on the complex sentence.", "Compared with previous appro...
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[ "We propose a novel conditioned text generation model.", "It draws inspiration from traditional template-based text generation techniques, where the source provides the content (i.e., what to say ), and the template influ-ences how to say it .", "Building on the successful encoder-decoder paradigm, it first enc...
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[ "Event detection (ED) is a critical subtask of event extraction that seeks to identify event triggers of certain types in texts.", "Despite significant advances in ED, existing methods typically follow a one model fits all types approach, which sees no differences between event types and often results in a quite ...
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[ "User interest modeling is critical for personalized news recommendation.", "Existing news recommendation methods usually learn a single user embedding for each user from their previous behaviors to represent their overall interest.", "However, user interest is usually diverse and multi-grained, which is diffic...
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[ "We introduce AVA, an automatic evaluation approach for Question Answering, which given a set of questions associated with Gold Standard answers (references), can estimate system Accuracy.", "AVA uses Transformer-based language models to encode question, answer, and reference texts.", "This allows for effective...
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[ "Lexical simplification involves identifying complex words or phrases that need to be simplified, and recommending simpler meaning-preserving substitutes that can be more easily understood.", "We propose a complex word identification (CWI) model that exploits both lexical and contextual features, and a simplifica...
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[ "Multi-encoder models are a broad family of context-aware neural machine translation systems that aim to improve translation quality by encoding document-level contextual information alongside the current sentence.", "The context encoding is undertaken by contextual parameters , trained on document-level data.", ...
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[ "In this paper, we firstly empirically find that existing models struggle to handle hard mentions due to their insufficient contexts, which consequently limits their overall typing performance.", "To this end, we propose to exploit sibling mentions for enhancing the mention representations.", "Specifically, we ...
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[ "Pre-trained language model representations have been successful in a wide range of language understanding tasks.", "In this paper, we examine different strategies to integrate pre-trained representations into sequence to sequence models and apply it to neural machine translation and abstractive summarization.", ...
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[ "Graph neural networks have triggered a resurgence of graph-based text classification methods, defining today's state of the art.", "We show that a wide multi-layer perceptron (MLP) using a Bag-of-Words (BoW) outperforms the recent graph-based models TextGCN and HeteGCN in an inductive text classification setting...
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[ "Event coreference resolution is an important research problem with many applications.", "Despite the recent remarkable success of pretrained language models, we argue that it is still highly beneficial to utilize symbolic features for the task.", "However, as the input for coreference resolution typically come...
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[ "Open relation extraction (OpenRE) aims to extract novel relation types from open-domain corpora, which plays an important role in completing the relation schemes of knowledge bases (KBs).", "Most OpenRE methods cast different relation types in isolation without considering their hierarchical dependency.", "We ...
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[ "Utilizing reviews to learn user and item representations is useful for recommender systems.", "Existing methods usually merge all reviews from the same user or for the same item into a long document.", "However, different reviews, sentences and even words usually have different informativeness for modeling use...
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[ "Neural abstractive summarization models are flexible and can produce coherent summaries, but they are sometimes unfaithful and can be difficult to control.", "While previous studies attempt to provide different types of guidance to control the output and increase faithfulness, it is not clear how these strategie...
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[ "The ability to learn from large unlabeled corpora has allowed neural language models to advance the frontier in natural language understanding.", "However, existing self-supervision techniques operate at the word form level, which serves as a surrogate for the underlying semantic content.", "This paper propose...
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[ "Language models (LMs) must be both safe and equitable to be responsibly deployed in practice.", "With safety in mind, numerous detoxification techniques (e.g., Dathathri et al. 2020; Krause et al. 2020) have been proposed to mitigate toxic LM generations.", "In this work, we show that these detoxification tech...
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[ "Cross-domain sentiment analysis has received significant attention in recent years, prompted by the need to combat the domain gap between different applications that make use of sentiment analysis.", "In this paper, we take a novel perspective on this task by exploring the role of external commonsense knowledge....
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[ "Generalization and reliability of multilingual translation often highly depend on the amount of available parallel data for each language pair of interest.", "In this paper, we focus on zero-shot generalizationa challenging setup that tests models on translation directions they have not been optimized for at tra...
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[ "This paper studies the relative importance of attention heads in Transformer-based models to aid their interpretability in cross-lingual and multi-lingual tasks.", "Prior research has found that only a few attention heads are important in each mono-lingual Natural Language Processing (NLP) task and pruning the r...
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[ "Recently, the retrieval models based on dense representations have been gradually applied in the first stage of the document retrieval tasks, showing better performance than traditional sparse vector space models.", "To obtain high efficiency, the basic structure of these models is Bi-encoder in most cases.", ...
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[ "We investigate subword information for Chinese word segmentation, by integrating sub word embeddings trained using byte-pair encoding into a Lattice LSTM (LaLSTM) network over a character sequence.", "Experiments on standard benchmark show that subword information brings significant gains over strong character-b...
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[ "In this paper, we study machine reading comprehension (MRC) on long texts, where a model takes as inputs a lengthy document and a question and then extracts a text span from the document as an answer.", "State-of-the-art models tend to use a pretrained transformer model (e.g., BERT) to encode the joint contextua...
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[ "We address part-of-speech (POS) induction by maximizing the mutual information between the induced label and its context.", "We focus on two training objectives that are amenable to stochastic gradient descent (SGD): a novel generalization of the classical Brown clustering objective and a recently proposed varia...
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[ "The notion of in-domain data in NLP is often over-simplistic and vague, as textual data varies in many nuanced linguistic aspects such as topic, style or level of formality.", "In addition, domain labels are many times unavailable, making it challenging to build domain-specific systems.", "We show that massive...
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[ "Existing KBQA approaches, despite achieving strong performance on i.i.d. test data, often struggle in generalizing to questions involving unseen KB schema items.", "Prior ranking-based approaches have shown some success in generalization, but suffer from the coverage issue.", "We present RnG-KBQA, a R ank-a n ...
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[ "Recent studies have revealed a security threat to natural language processing (NLP) models, called the Backdoor Attack .", "Victim models can maintain competitive performance on clean samples while behaving abnormally on samples with a specific trigger word inserted.", "Previous backdoor attacking methods usua...
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[ "This paper presents MixText, a semi-supervised learning method for text classification, which uses our newly designed data augmentation method called TMix.", "TMix creates a large amount of augmented training samples by interpolating text in hidden space .", "Moreover, we leverage recent advances in data augme...
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[ "Department of Computer Science and Engineering & Center for Superintelligence Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea", "We address the problem of abstractive summarization in two directions: proposing a novel dataset and a new model.", "First, we collect Reddit TIFU dataset, consisting of 120K posts from the ...
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[ "As high-quality labeled data is scarce, unsupervised sentence representation learning has attracted much attention.", "In this paper, we propose a new framework with a two-branch Siamese Network which maximizes the similarity between two augmented views of each sentence.", "Specifically, given one augmented vi...
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[ "Discourse relations among arguments reveal logical structures of a debate conversation.", "However, no prior work has explicitly studied how the sequence of discourse relations influence a claim's impact.", "This paper empirically shows that the discourse relations between two arguments along the context path ...
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[ "Multi-task learning (MTL) has achieved success over a wide range of problems, where the goal is to improve the performance of a primary task using a set of relevant auxiliary tasks.", "However, when the usefulness of the auxiliary tasks w.r.t. the primary task is not known a priori, the success of MTL models dep...
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[ "Image captioning is a multimodal problem that has drawn extensive attention in both the natural language processing and computer vision community.", "In this paper, we present a novel image captioning architecture to better explore semantics available in captions and leverage that to enhance both image represent...
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[ "The COVID-19 pandemic has spawned a diverse body of scientific literature that is challenging to navigate, stimulating interest in automated tools to help find useful knowledge.", "We pursue the construction of a knowledge base (KB) of mechanisms a fundamental concept across the sciences, which encompasses activ...
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[ "Pretraining NLP models with variants of Masked Language Model (MLM) objectives has recently led to a significant improvements on many tasks.", "This paper examines the benefits of pretrained models as a function of the number of training samples used in the downstream task.", "On several text classification ta...
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[ "We introduce, release, and analyze a new dataset, called Humicroedit, for research in computational humor.", "Our publicly available data consists of regular English news headlines paired with versions of the same headlines that contain simple replacement edits designed to make them funny.", "We carefully cura...
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[ "Question Answering (QA) naturally reduces to an entailment problem, namely, verifying whether some text entails the answer to a question.", "However, for multi-hop QA tasks, which require reasoning with multiple sentences, it remains unclear how best to utilize entailment models pre-trained on large scale datase...
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[ "Voumya Vanyal 2 Yang 1", "Nnowledge Jraph Fompletion (NJF) aims at automatically predicting missing links for large-scale knowledge graphs.", "D vast number of state-of-the-art NJF techniques have got published at top conferences in several research fields, including data mining, machine learning, and natural...
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[ "We formulate the novel task of automatically updating an existing natural language comment based on changes in the body of code it accompanies.", "We propose an approach that learns to correlate changes across two distinct language representations, to generate a sequence of edits that are applied to the existing...
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[ "Abstract", "Text representation models are prone to exhibit a range of societal biases, reflecting the noncontrolled and biased nature of the underlying pretraining data, which consequently leads to severe ethical issues and even bias amplifica-tion.", "Recent work has predominantly focused on measuring and mi...
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[ "Probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs) with neural parameterization have been shown to be effective in unsupervised phrase-structure grammar induction.", "However, due to the cubic computational complexity of PCFG representation and parsing, previous approaches cannot scale up to a relatively large number o...
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[ "There are two major classes of natural language grammars the dependency grammar that models one-to-one correspondences between words and the constituency grammar that models the assembly of one or several corresponded words.", "While previous unsupervised parsing methods mostly focus on only inducing one class ...
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[ "Abstract", "Medical named entity recognition (NER) and normalization (NEN) are fundamental for constructing knowledge graphs and building QA systems.", "Existing implementations for medical NER and NEN are suffered from the error propagation between the two tasks.", "The mispredicted mentions from NER will d...
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[ "Kaustubh D. Dhole Amelia Science RnD, IPsoft New York, NY 10004 kdhole@ipsoft.com", "Christopher D. Manning Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 manning@stanford.edu", "Abstract", "A set of crowd-sourced evaluations shows that our system can generate a larger number of highly...
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[ "The patterns in which the syntax of different languages converges and diverges are often used to inform work on cross-lingual transfer.", "Nevertheless, little empirical work has been done on quantifying the prevalence of different syntactic divergences across language pairs.", "We propose a framework for extr...
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[ "Unlike literal expressions, idioms' meanings do not directly follow from their parts, posing a challenge for neural machine translation (NMT).", "NMT models are often unable to translate idioms accurately and over-generate compositional, literal translations.", "In this work, we investigate whether the non-com...
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[ "We present a fast and scalable architecture called Explicit Modular Decomposition (EMD), in which we incorporate both classification-based and extraction-based methods and design four modules (for classification and sequence labelling) to jointly extract dialogue states.", "Experimental results based on the Mult...
[ "method", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "result", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "result", "objective", "method", "method", "objective", "objective", "method", "other", "abstain", "absta...
[ "Evaluating the quality of a dialogue interaction between two agents is a difficult task, especially in open-domain chit-chat style dialogue.", "There have been recent efforts to develop automatic dialogue evaluation metrics, but most of them do not generalize to unseen datasets and/or need a human-generated refe...
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[ "We propose a data augmentation method for neural machine translation.", "It works by interpreting language models and phrasal alignment causally.", "Specifically, it creates augmented parallel translation corpora by generating (path-specific) counterfactual aligned phrases.", "We generate these by sampling n...
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[ "We introduce neural particle smoothing , a sequential Monte Carlo method for sampling annotations of an input string from a given probability model.", "In contrast to conventional particle filtering algorithms, we train a proposal distribution that looks ahead to the end of the input string by means of a right-t...
[ "method", "objective", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "objective", "result", "abstain", "objective", "method", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain...
[ "We propose a new approach to generate multiple variants of the target summary with diverse content and varying lengths, then score and select admissible ones according to users' needs.", "Abstractive summarizers trained on single reference summaries may struggle to produce outputs that achieve multiple desirable...
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[ "Researchers in NLP often frame and discuss research results in ways that serve to deemphasize the field's successes, often in response to the field's widespread hype.", "Though well-meaning, this has yielded many misleading or false claims about the limits of our best technology.", "This is a problem, and it m...
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[ "The named concepts and compositional operators present in natural language provide a rich source of information about the abstractions humans use to navigate the world.", "Can this linguistic background knowledge improve the generality and efficiency of learned classifiers and control policies?", "This paper a...
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[ "Word embedding-based similarity measures are currently among the top-performing methods on unsupervised semantic textual similarity (STS) tasks.", "Recent work has increasingly adopted a statistical view on these embeddings, with some of the top approaches being essentially various correlations (which include th...
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[ "In this paper, we propose a new adversarial augmentation method for Neural Machine Translation (NMT).", "The main idea is to minimize the vicinal risk over virtual sentences sampled from two vicinity distributions, of which the crucial one is a novel vicinity distribution for adversarial sentences that describes...
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[ "Swarnadeep Saha Prateek UNC Chapel", "Abstract We focus on a type of linguistic formal reasoning where the goal is to reason over explicit knowledge in the form of natural language facts and rules (Clark et al., 2020).", "A recent work, named PROVER (Saha et al., 2020), performs such reasoning by answering a q...
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[ "Pretrained multilingual models enable zero-shot learning even for unseen languages, and that performance can be further improved via adaptation prior to finetuning.", "However, it is unclear how the number of pretraining languages influences a model's zero-shot learning for languages unseen during pretraining.",...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "method", "abstain", "objective", "method", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "method", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "abstai...
[ "Paraphrasing natural language sentences is a multifaceted process: it might involve replacing individual words or short phrases, local rearrangement of content, or high-level restructuring like topicalization or passivization.", "Past approaches struggle to cover this space of paraphrase possibilities in an inte...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "method", "objective", "abstain", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "method", "result", "abstain", "method", "result", "objective", "result", "method", "method", "abs...
[ "In domain adaptation for neural machine translation, translation performance can benefit from separating features into domain-specific features and common features.", "In this paper, we propose a method to explicitly model the two kinds of information in the encoder-decoder framework so as to exploit out-of-doma...
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[ "Although parsing to Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) has become very popular and AMR has been shown effective on many sentence-level tasks, little work has studied how to generate AMRs that can represent multi-sentence information.", "We introduce the first end-to-end AMR coreference resolution model in ord...
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[ "There is a growing body of work that proposes methods for mitigating bias in machine learning systems.", "These methods typically rely on access to protected attributes such as race, gender, or age.", "However, this raises two significant challenges: (1) protected attributes may not be available or it may not ...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "result", "result", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "a...
[ "Prompting has recently been shown as a promising approach for applying pre-trained language models to perform downstream tasks.", "We present Multi-Stage Prompting, a simple and automatic approach for leveraging pre-trained language models to translation tasks.", "To better mitigate the discrepancy between pre...
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[ "How do typological properties such as word order and morphological case marking affect the ability of neural sequence models to acquire the syntax of a language?", "Cross-linguistic comparisons of RNNs' syntactic performance (e.g., on subject-verb agreement prediction) are complicated by the fact that any two la...
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[ "While traditional corpus-level evaluation metrics for machine translation (MT) correlate well with fluency, they struggle to reflect adequacy.", "Model-based MT metrics trained on segment-level human judgments have emerged as an attractive replacement due to strong correlation results.", "These models, however...
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[ "While national politics often receive the spotlight, the overwhelming majority of legislation proposed, discussed, and enacted is done at the state level.", "Despite this fact, there is little awareness of the dynamics that lead to adopting these policies.", "In this paper, we take the first step towards a bet...
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[ "Neural-based end-to-end approaches to natural language generation (NLG) from structured data or knowledge are data-hungry, making their adoption for real-world applications difficult with limited data.", "In this work, we propose the new task of few-shot natural language generation .", "Motivated by how humans...
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[ "By describing the features and abstractions of our world, language is a crucial tool for human learning and a promising source of supervision for machine learning models.", "We use language to improve few-shot visual classification in the underexplored scenario where natural language task descriptions are availa...
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[ "Research on overlapped and discontinuous named entity recognition (NER) has received increasing attention.", "The majority of previous work focuses on either overlapped or discontinuous entities.", "In this paper, we propose a novel span-based model that can recognize both overlapped and discontinuous entities...
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[ "Language has the power to reinforce stereotypes and project social biases onto others.", "At the core of the challenge is that it is rarely what is stated explicitly, but rather the implied meanings, that frame people's judgments about others.", "For example, given a statement that we shouldn't lower our stand...
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[ "Generating explanations for neural networks has become crucial for their applications in real-world with respect to reliability and trustworthiness.", "In natural language processing, existing methods usually provide important features which are words or phrases selected from an input text as an explanation, but...
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[ "Reliably evaluating Machine Translation (MT) through automated metrics is a long-standing problem.", "One of the main challenges is the fact that multiple outputs can be equally valid.", "Attempts to minimise this issue include metrics that relax the matching of MT output and reference strings, and the use of ...
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[ "Concept mapbased multi-document summarization has recently been proposed as a variant of the traditional summarization task with graph-structured summaries.", "As shown by previous work, the grouping of coreferent concept mentions across documents is a crucial subtask of it.", "However, while the current state...
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[ "Generating inferential texts about an event in different perspectives requires reasoning over different contexts that the event occurs.", "Existing works usually ignore the context that is not explicitly provided, resulting in a context-independent semantic representation that struggles to support the generation...
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[ "Transfer learning has yielded state-of-the-art (SoTA) results in many supervised NLP tasks.", "However, annotated data for every target task in every target language is rare, especially for low-resource languages.", "We propose UXLA a novel unsupervised data augmentation framework for zero-resource transfer le...
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[ "Modern Irish is a minority language lacking sufficient computational resources for the task of accurate automatic syntactic parsing of user-generated content such as tweets.", "Although language technology for the Irish language has been developing in recent years, these tools tend to perform poorly on user-gene...
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[ "Multilayer transformer networks consist of interleaved self-attention and feedforward sublayers.", "Could ordering the sublayers in a different pattern lead to better performance?", "We generate randomly ordered transformers and train them with the language modeling objective.", "We observe that some of thes...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "result", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "result", "result", "objective", "abstain", "result", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "abstain", "ab...
[ "Semantic role labeling (SRL) is a task to recognize all the predicate-argument pairs of a sentence, which has been in a performance improvement bottleneck after a series of latest works were presented.", "This paper proposes a novel syntax-agnostic SRL model enhanced by the proposed associated memory network (AM...
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[ "Research in the area of style transfer for text is currently bottlenecked by a lack of standard evaluation practices.", "This paper aims to alleviate this issue by experimentally identifying best practices with a Yelp sentiment dataset.", "We specify three aspects of interest (style transfer intensity, content...
[ "abstain", "objective", "result", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "objective", "abstain", "result", "result", "other", "method", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "meth...
[ "During the past few decades, knowledge bases (KBs) have experienced rapid growth.", "Nevertheless, most KBs still suffer from serious incompletion.", "Researchers proposed many tasks such as knowledge base completion and relation prediction to help build the representation of KBs.", "However, there are some ...
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[ "Abstract Current state-of-the-art neural dialogue models learn from human conversations following the data-driven paradigm.", "As such, a reliable training corpus is the crux of building a robust and well-behaved dialogue model.", "However, due to the open-ended nature of human conversations, the quality of us...
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[ "In order to deeply understand the capability of pretrained language models in text generation and conduct a diagnostic evaluation, we propose TGEA 1 , an error-annotated dataset with multiple benchmark tasks for text generation from pretrained language models (PLMs).", "We use carefully selected prompt words to ...
[ "objective", "method", "abstain", "method", "method", "abstain", "method", "abstain", "objective", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "o...
[ "Abstractive summarization for long-document or multi-document remains challenging for the Seq2Seq architecture, as Seq2Seq is not good at analyzing long-distance relations in text.", "In this paper, we present BASS, a novel framework for Boosting Abstractive Summarization based on a unified Semantic graph, which...
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[ "Hierarchical text classification is an essential yet challenging subtask of multi-label text classification with a taxonomic hierarchy.", "Existing methods have difficulties in modeling the hierarchical label structure in a global view.", "Furthermore, they cannot make full use of the mutual interactions betwe...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "a...
[ "We recast dependency parsing as a sequence labeling problem, exploring several encodings of dependency trees as labels.", "While dependency parsing by means of sequence labeling had been attempted in existing work, results suggested that the technique was impractical.", "We show instead that with a conventiona...
[ "objective", "abstain", "result", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "method", "result", "other", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abst...
[ "State-of-the-art deep neural networks require large-scale labeled training data that is often expensive to obtain or not available for many tasks.", "Weak supervision in the form of domain-specific rules has been shown to be useful in such settings to automatically generate weakly labeled training data.", "How...
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[ "To increase trust in artificial intelligence systems, a promising research direction consists of designing neural models capable of generating natural language explanations for their predictions.", "In this work, we show that such models are nonetheless prone to generating mutually inconsistent explanations, suc...
[ "abstain", "result", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "result", "abstain", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "objective", "abstain", "objective", "method", "abstain", "method", "result", "method", "...
[ "Chinese pre-trained language models usually exploit contextual character information to learn representations, while ignoring the linguistics knowledge, e.g., word and sentence information.", "Hence, we propose a task-free enhancement module termed as H eterogeneous L inguistics G raph ( HLG ) to enhance Chinese...
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[ "We propose a novel attention network for document annotation with user-generated tags.", "The network is designed according to the human reading and annotation behaviour.", "Usually, users try to digest the title and obtain a rough idea about the topic first, and then read the content of the document.", "Pre...
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[ "Neural language models (LMs) such as GPT-2 estimate the probability distribution over the next word by a softmax over the vocabulary.", "The softmax layer produces the distribution based on the dot products of a single hidden state and the embeddings of words in the vocabulary.", "However, we discover that thi...
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[ "Attention has been proven successful in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks.", "Recently, many researchers started to investigate the interpretability of attention on NLP tasks.", "Many existing approaches focused on examining whether the local attention weights could reflect the importance of input r...
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[ "Abstract Transformer-based pre-trained language models have significantly improved the performance of various natural language processing (NLP) tasks in the recent years.", "While effective and prevalent, these models are usually prohibitively large for resource-limited deployment scenarios.", "A thread of res...
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[ "The Word Embedding Association Test shows that GloVe and word2vec word embeddings exhibit human-like implicit biases based on gender, race, and other social constructs (Caliskan et al., 2017).", "Meanwhile, research on learning reusable text representations has begun to explore sentence-level texts, with some se...
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[ "Privacy plays a crucial role in preserving democratic ideals and personal autonomy.", "The dominant legal approach to privacy in many jurisdictions is the Notice and Choice paradigm, where privacy policies are the primary instrument used to convey information to users.", "However, privacy policies are long and...
[ "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "objective", "objective", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "other", "abstain", "result", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "abstain", "method", "objective", "re...
[ "Although much work in NLP has focused on measuring and mitigating stereotypical bias in semantic spaces, research addressing bias in computational argumentation is still in its infancy.", "In this paper, we address this research gap and conduct a thorough investigation of bias in argumentative language models.",...
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[ "Language models have revolutionized the field of NLP.", "However, language models capture and proliferate hurtful stereotypes, especially in text generation.", "Our results show that 4.3% of the time, language models complete a sentence with a hurtful word.", "These cases are not random, but follow language ...
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[ "Neural Network Language Models (NNLMs) generate probability distributions by applying a softmax function to a distance metric formed by taking the dot product of a prediction vector with all word vectors in a high-dimensional embedding space.", "The dot-product distance metric forms part of the inductive bias of...
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[ "The field of NLP has made substantial progress in building meaning representations.", "However, an important aspect of linguistic meaning, social meaning, has been largely overlooked.", "We introduce the concept of social meaning to NLP and discuss how insights from sociolinguistics can inform work on represen...
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