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Answer the question based on the following context: To examine selected pregnancy outcomes in women without gestational diabetes mellitus to see whether there was a continuum of risk related to the maternal glucose level. Consecutive women attending two prenatal clinics and three obstetricians in private practice were ...	Pregnancy outcomes in women without gestational diabetes mellitus related to the maternal glucose level. Is there a continuum of risk?	In normal women there is a continuum of risk related to the maternal glucose level 2 h after a glucose tolerance test for the probability of having an assisted delivery and the likelihood of the baby being admitted to an SCN. The chance of having pregnancy-induced hypertension or a LGA baby also increased as the matern...	Question: Pregnancy outcomes in women without gestational diabetes mellitus related to the maternal glucose level. Is there a continuum of risk? Answer: In normal women there is a continuum of risk related to the maternal glucose level 2 h after a glucose tolerance test for the probability of having an assisted delive...
Answer the question based on the following context: To evaluate the value of full field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) for cancer detection on prostate biopsies Eight consecutive patients who underwent prostate biopsies for an elevated PSA or suspicious DRE findings were included in the study. For each patient, o...	Full field optical coherence tomography of prostate biopsies: a step towards pre-histological diagnosis?	FFOCT of prostate biopsy cores seemed to be feasible and to allow concordant results with those of pathological analysis in the majority of the cases.	Question: Full field optical coherence tomography of prostate biopsies: a step towards pre-histological diagnosis? Answer: FFOCT of prostate biopsy cores seemed to be feasible and to allow concordant results with those of pathological analysis in the majority of the cases.
Answer the question based on the following context: The objective of this study was to review the management of paranasal sinus mucoceles with skull-base and/or orbital erosion in the endoscopic era. A retrospective data analysis. A chart review was performed on 57 patients treated from January 2001 to March 2007. The ...	Paranasal sinus mucoceles with skull-base and/or orbital erosion: is the endoscopic approach sufficient?	The endoscopic approach can be safely used for the management of mucoceles with skull-base and/or orbital erosion. Open adjunct approaches can be avoided in most cases.	Question: Paranasal sinus mucoceles with skull-base and/or orbital erosion: is the endoscopic approach sufficient? Answer: The endoscopic approach can be safely used for the management of mucoceles with skull-base and/or orbital erosion. Open adjunct approaches can be avoided in most cases.
Answer the question based on the following context: To investigate whether an intervention designed to improve overall immunisation uptake affected social inequalities in uptake. Cross-sectional small area analyses measuring immunisation uptake in cohorts of children before and after intervention. Small areas classifie...	Do interventions that improve immunisation uptake also reduce social inequalities in uptake?	Despite substantial increase in immunisation uptake, inequalities between deprived and affluent areas persisted or became wider. Any reduction in inequality occurred only after uptake in affluent areas approached 95%. Interventions that improve overall uptake of preventive measures are unlikely to reduce social inequal...	Question: Do interventions that improve immunisation uptake also reduce social inequalities in uptake? Answer: Despite substantial increase in immunisation uptake, inequalities between deprived and affluent areas persisted or became wider. Any reduction in inequality occurred only after uptake in affluent areas approa...
Answer the question based on the following context: Suboptimally debulked patients with advanced ovarian cancer who are treated with a combination of cisplatin plus paclitaxel (TP therapy) have a better survival as compared to patients treated with a combination of cisplatin plus cyclophosphamide (CP therapy), but this...	Is platinum-based chemotherapy with paclitaxel effective in optimally debulked patients with advanced ovarian cancer?	We could not show that ovarian cancer patients with residual disease of<or=2cm who were treated with TP had better survival as compared to patients who were treated with CP. Taking into account the high costs of treatment with TP, a randomized trial comparing the effects of TP therapy and CP therapy in optimally debulk...	Question: Is platinum-based chemotherapy with paclitaxel effective in optimally debulked patients with advanced ovarian cancer? Answer: We could not show that ovarian cancer patients with residual disease of<or=2cm who were treated with TP had better survival as compared to patients who were treated with CP. Taking in...
Answer the question based on the following context: The purpose of this study was to characterize total homocysteine (tHcy) levels at birth in preterm and term infants and identify associations with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and other neonatal outcomes such as mortality, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronc...	Homocysteine levels in preterm infants: is there an association with intraventricular hemorrhage?	In our population of preterm infants, there is no association between IVH and tHcy. Male gender, prenatal steroids and preeclampsia were associated with differences in tHcy levels.	Question: Homocysteine levels in preterm infants: is there an association with intraventricular hemorrhage? Answer: In our population of preterm infants, there is no association between IVH and tHcy. Male gender, prenatal steroids and preeclampsia were associated with differences in tHcy levels.
Answer the question based on the following context: OBJECTIVE • To determine how the presence of MP on T1 biopsy specimens affects the outcome of patients undergoing RC as compared to when no MP is identified in the TURBT specimen. • Patients were retrospectively identified from the Columbia University Urologic Oncolog...	Does the presence of muscularis propria on transurethral resection of bladder tumour specimens affect the rate of upstaging in cT1 bladder cancer?	• The lack of MP on TURBT for high grade cT1N0M0 bladder cancer portends a high likelihood of upstaging at RC, although this risk did not translate into a detectable increased risk of disease specific mortality.	Question: Does the presence of muscularis propria on transurethral resection of bladder tumour specimens affect the rate of upstaging in cT1 bladder cancer? Answer: • The lack of MP on TURBT for high grade cT1N0M0 bladder cancer portends a high likelihood of upstaging at RC, although this risk did not translate into a...
Answer the question based on the following context: The pressure on healthcare services worldwide has driven the incorporation of disease state management services within community pharmacies in developed countries. Pharmacists are recognised as the most accessible healthcare professionals, and the incorporation of the...	Can a pharmacy intervention improve the metabolic risks of mental health patients?	The developed framework allowed effective evaluation of the service, and may be applicable to other pharmacy services. The metabolic clinic met key process, quality and outcomes indicators. The positive patient outcomes may assist in securing further funding.	Question: Can a pharmacy intervention improve the metabolic risks of mental health patients? Answer: The developed framework allowed effective evaluation of the service, and may be applicable to other pharmacy services. The metabolic clinic met key process, quality and outcomes indicators. The positive patient outcome...
Answer the question based on the following context: To determine the effect of age on hospital resource use for seriously ill adults, and to explore whether age-related differences in resource use are explained by patients' severity of illness and preferences for life-extending care. Prospective cohort study. Five geog...	Seriously ill hospitalized adults: do we spend less on older patients?	Compared with similar younger patients, seriously ill older patients receive fewer invasive procedures and hospital care that is less resource-intensive and less costly. This preferential allocation of hospital services to younger patients is not based on differences in patients' severity of illness or general preferen...	Question: Seriously ill hospitalized adults: do we spend less on older patients? Answer: Compared with similar younger patients, seriously ill older patients receive fewer invasive procedures and hospital care that is less resource-intensive and less costly. This preferential allocation of hospital services to younger...
Answer the question based on the following context: It is important that the total long-term precision of laboratory methods meet the medical needs of the patients being served. To determine the long-term within- and between-laboratory variation of cortisol, ferritin, thyroxine, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating ...	Total long-term within-laboratory precision of cortisol, ferritin, thyroxine, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone assays based on a College of American Pathologists fresh frozen serum study: do available methods meet medical needs for precision?	For all analytes tested, the total within-laboratory component of variance was the major source of variability in this study. In addition, there are several methods, especially for thyroxine and free thyroxine, that may not meet analytic goals in terms of their imprecision.	Question: Total long-term within-laboratory precision of cortisol, ferritin, thyroxine, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone assays based on a College of American Pathologists fresh frozen serum study: do available methods meet medical needs for precision? Answer: For all analytes tested, the total within-l...
Answer the question based on the following context: Understanding arithmetical principles is a key part of a conceptual understanding of mathematics. However, very little attention has been paid to children's understanding of multiplicative, as compared to additive, principles. This study investigated (a) children's ab...	Does the cue help?	Nine- and 10-year-olds understand commutativity, but are unable to use the distributive principle in multiplication. Their errors suggest that they may confuse some of the principles of multiplication with those of addition. When children do begin to understand the principle of distributivity, they most easily apply it...	Question: Does the cue help? Answer: Nine- and 10-year-olds understand commutativity, but are unable to use the distributive principle in multiplication. Their errors suggest that they may confuse some of the principles of multiplication with those of addition. When children do begin to understand the principle of dis...
Answer the question based on the following context: We evaluated the association of risk factors for breast cancer with reported follow-up procedures after abnormal mammography among diverse women. Women ages 40--80 years were recruited from four clinical sites after receiving a screening mammography result that was cl...	Are risk factors for breast cancer associated with follow-up procedures in diverse women with abnormal mammography?	Demographic profile and breast cancer risk factors have little effect on self-reported use of diagnostic procedures following an abnormal mammography examination. Level of mammography abnormality determines diagnostic evaluation but variance by site of care was observed.	Question: Are risk factors for breast cancer associated with follow-up procedures in diverse women with abnormal mammography? Answer: Demographic profile and breast cancer risk factors have little effect on self-reported use of diagnostic procedures following an abnormal mammography examination. Level of mammography a...
Answer the question based on the following context: The aims of this study were 1) to establish the standard parameters of alignment and total and segmental range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine in the asymptomatic population, and 2) to identify factors that influence cervical ROM and alignment. The authors measu...	Are the standard parameters of cervical spine alignment and range of motion related to age, sex, and cervical disc degeneration?	Cervical alignment in female subjects was 2.47° lower than that in male subjects. Total ROM was 3.86° greater in female than in male subjects and decreased 6.46° for each decade of aging. Segmental ROM decreased 1.28° for each decade of aging and 2.26° for each category increase in disc degeneration at the level of int...	Question: Are the standard parameters of cervical spine alignment and range of motion related to age, sex, and cervical disc degeneration? Answer: Cervical alignment in female subjects was 2.47° lower than that in male subjects. Total ROM was 3.86° greater in female than in male subjects and decreased 6.46° for each d...
Answer the question based on the following context: Practice-based Internet communication allows patients to obtain health information, ask questions, and submit requests through a personalized Web site. While such online tools also bring great promise for educating patients with the goal of fostering behavior change, ...	Using claims data to examine patients using practice-based Internet communication: is there a clinical digital divide?	Patients using practice-based Internet communication and having significant health risks can be identified through the use of administrative data, presenting an opportunity to test online educational efforts to improve health.	Question: Using claims data to examine patients using practice-based Internet communication: is there a clinical digital divide? Answer: Patients using practice-based Internet communication and having significant health risks can be identified through the use of administrative data, presenting an opportunity to test o...
Answer the question based on the following context: To test the impact of a theory-based, SMS (text message)-delivered behavioural intervention (Healthy Text) targeting sun protection or skin self-examination behaviours compared to attention control. Overall, 546 participants aged 18-42 years were randomised using a co...	Can skin cancer prevention and early detection be improved via mobile phone text messaging?	The Healthy Text intervention was effective in inducing significant improvements in sun protection and any type of skin self-examination behaviours.	Question: Can skin cancer prevention and early detection be improved via mobile phone text messaging? Answer: The Healthy Text intervention was effective in inducing significant improvements in sun protection and any type of skin self-examination behaviours.
Answer the question based on the following context: To analyze the impact of surgeon's experience on surgical margin status, postoperative continence and operative time after radical prostatectomy (RP) in a surgeon who performed more than 2000 open RP. We retrospectively analyzed 2269 patients who underwent RP by one s...	Surgical learning curve for open radical prostatectomy: Is there an end to the learning curve?	In the present study, we showed evidence that surgeon's experience has a strong positive impact on pathologic and functional outcomes as well as on operative time. While significant learning effects concerning positive surgical margin rate and preserved long-term continence were detectable during the first 750 and 300 ...	Question: Surgical learning curve for open radical prostatectomy: Is there an end to the learning curve? Answer: In the present study, we showed evidence that surgeon's experience has a strong positive impact on pathologic and functional outcomes as well as on operative time. While significant learning effects concern...
Answer the question based on the following context: The purpose of the study was to determine the utility of routine contrast enema prior to ileostomy closure and its impact on patient management in patients with a low pelvic anastomosis. Two hundred eleven patients had a temporary loop ileostomy constructed to protect...	Routine contrast imaging of low pelvic anastomosis prior to closure of defunctioning ileostomy: is it necessary?	All patients who developed an anastomotic leak in this study were diagnosed clinically, and the diagnosis was confirmed by selective use of radiographic tests. Routine contrast enema evaluation of low pelvic anastomoses before loop ileostomy closure did not provide any additional information that changed patient manage...	Question: Routine contrast imaging of low pelvic anastomosis prior to closure of defunctioning ileostomy: is it necessary? Answer: All patients who developed an anastomotic leak in this study were diagnosed clinically, and the diagnosis was confirmed by selective use of radiographic tests. Routine contrast enema evalu...
Answer the question based on the following context: The risk of cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis is widely recognized to be 8-30%, whereas the risk of acquiring hepatocellular carcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis is unknown. As in other chronic liver diseases, the presence of hepatocellular c...	Are patients with cirrhotic stage primary sclerosing cholangitis at risk for the development of hepatocellular cancer?	The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation is 2%. These data suggest that patients with advanced cirrhotic-stage primary sclerosing cholangitis are at increased risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma and should be screened...	Question: Are patients with cirrhotic stage primary sclerosing cholangitis at risk for the development of hepatocellular cancer? Answer: The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation is 2%. These data suggest that patients with ad...
Answer the question based on the following context: to investigate if combining VT to DGR through the pylorus can modulate the biological behavior of PL induced by DGR and to verify if TV alone can induce morphologic lesions in the gastric mucosa. 62 male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: 1 - Control (CT) gastr...	Does troncular vagotomy modify the proliferative gastric lesions induced in rats by duodenogastric reflux?	DGR induces the development of PL in the pyloric mucosa and at the gastrojejunal stoma. TV does not change the morphologic pattern of the proliferative lesions induced by DGR. TV alone is not able to induce morphologic lesions in the gastric mucosa.	Question: Does troncular vagotomy modify the proliferative gastric lesions induced in rats by duodenogastric reflux? Answer: DGR induces the development of PL in the pyloric mucosa and at the gastrojejunal stoma. TV does not change the morphologic pattern of the proliferative lesions induced by DGR. TV alone is not ab...
Answer the question based on the following context: To describe the relationship of age-related maculopathy (ARM) to hearing loss. Population-based cohort study. All 3397 adults (age range, 48-92 years) living in Beaver Dam, Wis, who were examined for age-related eye disease and hearing loss from March 1, 1993, to July...	Is age-related maculopathy related to hearing loss?	These population-based estimates document the frequent coexistence of signs of ARM and hearing loss. As late ARM is an important cause of loss of vision, and as hearing loss is associated with difficulty in communicating, the high frequencies of sensory comorbidity may affect maintenance of independent functioning as p...	Question: Is age-related maculopathy related to hearing loss? Answer: These population-based estimates document the frequent coexistence of signs of ARM and hearing loss. As late ARM is an important cause of loss of vision, and as hearing loss is associated with difficulty in communicating, the high frequencies of sen...
Answer the question based on the following context: Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle and represents a challenge for diagnosis and treatment. On account of the lack of sensitivity and specificity of routine cardiac tests, there is a need for accurate diagnostic imaging. The aim of this study is to revi...	Gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in children with myocarditis: can it be considered as an indicator of clinical outcome?	Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile G-MPS is therefore helpful in providing additional diagnostic and prognostic information in patients with myocarditis.	Question: Gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in children with myocarditis: can it be considered as an indicator of clinical outcome? Answer: Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile G-MPS is therefore helpful in providing additional diagnostic and prognostic information in patients with myocarditis.
Answer the question based on the following context: To determine the effect of tonsillectomy on morbidity in patients listed for tonsillectomy. Questionnaire survey of 257 children and 159 adults who had been listed for tonsillectomy. The cohort studied had experienced delays of greater than 12 months between being lis...	Does tonsillectomy lead to improved outcomes over and above the effect of time?	The morbidity reported by patients suffering from chronic, untreated tonsillitis decreases with time. Tonsillectomy produces significantly greater reductions in morbidity than time alone.	Question: Does tonsillectomy lead to improved outcomes over and above the effect of time? Answer: The morbidity reported by patients suffering from chronic, untreated tonsillitis decreases with time. Tonsillectomy produces significantly greater reductions in morbidity than time alone.
Answer the question based on the following context: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) is indicated in patients with confirmed bile duct stones at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The role of ES in patients with suspected bile duct stones but a normal cholangiogram, in the prevention of recurrent bili...	Does prophylactic endoscopic sphincterotomy prevent recurrent biliary problems in patients with gallstones and a normal cholangiogram?	Patients with gallstones, suspected common bile duct (CBD) stones and a normal cholangiogram need not have a prophylactic sphincterotomy since there is no reduction in recurrent biliary problems and this potentially increases the morbidity.	Question: Does prophylactic endoscopic sphincterotomy prevent recurrent biliary problems in patients with gallstones and a normal cholangiogram? Answer: Patients with gallstones, suspected common bile duct (CBD) stones and a normal cholangiogram need not have a prophylactic sphincterotomy since there is no reduction i...
Answer the question based on the following context: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been used in rehabilitation protocols for patients suffering from muscle weakness resulting from knee osteoarthritis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of an eight-week treatment program of...	Is neuromuscular electrical stimulation effective for improving pain, function and activities of daily living of knee osteoarthritis patients?	NMES, within a rehabilitation protocol for patients with knee osteoarthritis, is effective for improving pain, function and activities of daily living, in comparison with a group that received an orientation program. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN012607000357459.	Question: Is neuromuscular electrical stimulation effective for improving pain, function and activities of daily living of knee osteoarthritis patients? Answer: NMES, within a rehabilitation protocol for patients with knee osteoarthritis, is effective for improving pain, function and activities of daily living, in com...
Answer the question based on the following context: Nausea and vomiting (NV) related to DMSO affect patients undergoing auto-SCT despite antiemetic measures. Orange flavoring may reduce gastrointestinal symptoms. A multicenter, randomized, three-arm, open-label trial in four Italian large bone marrow transplant centers...	Are orange lollies effective in preventing nausea and vomiting related to dimethyl sulfoxide?	The vasoconstrictive action of ice may prevent NV related to DMSO in the acute phase and reduce the need for rescue antiemetic therapy. Ice lollies offer a simple, noninvasive, and economic means for relieving nausea and vomiting related to this preservative.	Question: Are orange lollies effective in preventing nausea and vomiting related to dimethyl sulfoxide? Answer: The vasoconstrictive action of ice may prevent NV related to DMSO in the acute phase and reduce the need for rescue antiemetic therapy. Ice lollies offer a simple, noninvasive, and economic means for relievi...
Answer the question based on the following context: To establish whether a questionnaire incorporating MacKie's risk factor flow chart can identify patients at high risk for melanoma so that they can be targeted for primary and secondary prevention. To validate the risk score derived from the questionnaire and test the...	Can primary prevention or selective screening for melanoma be more precisely targeted through general practice?	This questionnaire helped to identify a group at high risk for melanoma. Furthermore, good agreement was found when the patient's risk scores were compared with results of the clinical skin examination. This risk score is potentially useful in targeting primary and secondary prevention of melanoma through general pract...	Question: Can primary prevention or selective screening for melanoma be more precisely targeted through general practice? Answer: This questionnaire helped to identify a group at high risk for melanoma. Furthermore, good agreement was found when the patient's risk scores were compared with results of the clinical skin...
Answer the question based on the following context: Treatment of rectal cancer in North America has been associated with lower rates of sphincter-preserving surgery in comparison with other regions. It is unclear if these lower rates are due to patient, tumor, or treatment factors; thus, the potential to increase the u...	Population-based use of sphincter-preserving surgery in patients with rectal cancer: is there room for improvement?	These data suggest that the receipt of a permanent colostomy by many patients with rectal cancer may be inappropriate, and there is potential to increase the use of sphincter-preserving surgery in patients with rectal cancer.	Question: Population-based use of sphincter-preserving surgery in patients with rectal cancer: is there room for improvement? Answer: These data suggest that the receipt of a permanent colostomy by many patients with rectal cancer may be inappropriate, and there is potential to increase the use of sphincter-preserving...
Answer the question based on the following context: Previous work has shown that stimulation of GABAergic, opioid, or dopaminergic systems within the nucleus accumbens modulates food intake and food-seeking behavior. However, it is not known whether such stimulation mimics a motivational state of food deprivation that ...	Increases in food intake or food-seeking behavior induced by GABAergic, opioid, or dopaminergic stimulation of the nucleus accumbens: is it hunger?	These findings suggest that pharmacological stimulation of any of these neurochemical systems in isolation is insufficient to enable acquisition of a food-reinforced operant task. Thus, these selective processes, while likely involved in control of food intake and food-seeking behavior, appear unable to recapitulate th...	Question: Increases in food intake or food-seeking behavior induced by GABAergic, opioid, or dopaminergic stimulation of the nucleus accumbens: is it hunger? Answer: These findings suggest that pharmacological stimulation of any of these neurochemical systems in isolation is insufficient to enable acquisition of a foo...
Answer the question based on the following context: Socio-cultural factors have been hypothesized to be important drivers for inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory care. This study sought to assess any potential role in perioperative surgical prophylaxis (PAP) administered for>24 h (PAP>24). Within hospita...	Prolonged perioperative surgical prophylaxis within European hospitals: an exercise in uncertainty avoidance?	Cultural factors, namely UA, appear to be an important driver for PAP>24. Any strategy aimed at improving prolonged PAP should be informed by clear knowledge of local socio-cultural barriers, so as to achieve the most successful intervention possible.	Question: Prolonged perioperative surgical prophylaxis within European hospitals: an exercise in uncertainty avoidance? Answer: Cultural factors, namely UA, appear to be an important driver for PAP>24. Any strategy aimed at improving prolonged PAP should be informed by clear knowledge of local socio-cultural barriers,...
Answer the question based on the following context: In Zimbabwe, socioeconomic development has a complicated and changeable relationship with HIV infection. Longitudinal data are needed to disentangle the cyclical effects of poverty and HIV as well as to separate historical patterns from contemporary trends of infectio...	HIV incidence and poverty in Manicaland, Zimbabwe: is HIV becoming a disease of the poor?	HIV incidence and mortality, and perhaps sexual risk, are lower in higher socioeconomic groups. Reduced vulnerability to infection, led by the relatively well off, is a positive trend, but in the absence of analogous developments in vulnerable groups, HIV threatens to become a disease of the poor.	Question: HIV incidence and poverty in Manicaland, Zimbabwe: is HIV becoming a disease of the poor? Answer: HIV incidence and mortality, and perhaps sexual risk, are lower in higher socioeconomic groups. Reduced vulnerability to infection, led by the relatively well off, is a positive trend, but in the absence of anal...
Answer the question based on the following context: To determine the effect of treatment by a cardiologist on mortality of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI, heart attack), accounting for both measured confounding using risk-adjustment techniques and residual unmeasured confounding with instrumenta...	Does physician specialty affect the survival of elderly patients with myocardial infarction?	In a large population of elderly patients with AMI, we found significant treatment differences but no significant incremental mortality benefit associated with treatment by cardiologists.	Question: Does physician specialty affect the survival of elderly patients with myocardial infarction? Answer: In a large population of elderly patients with AMI, we found significant treatment differences but no significant incremental mortality benefit associated with treatment by cardiologists.
Answer the question based on the following context: In this study, we investigated whether the potassium channel blocker, cesium chloride (CsCl), which is capable of producing early after-depolarizations (EADs) and polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias resembling torsades de pointes, might exert similar effects in t...	Cesium-induced atrial tachycardia degenerating into atrial fibrillation in dogs: atrial torsades de pointes?	CsCl induces atrial EADs that provoke P-AT that degenerates into atrial fibrillation. P-AT has some characteristics similar to ventricular torsades de pointes.	Question: Cesium-induced atrial tachycardia degenerating into atrial fibrillation in dogs: atrial torsades de pointes? Answer: CsCl induces atrial EADs that provoke P-AT that degenerates into atrial fibrillation. P-AT has some characteristics similar to ventricular torsades de pointes.
Answer the question based on the following context: Eighty-six patients with non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal liver metastases, or metastatic melanoma who were scanned for therapy monitoring purposes were prospectively recruited in this multicenter trial. Pre- and posttreatment PET scans were acquired in protocol...	Does PET SUV Harmonization Affect PERCIST Response Classification?	Reconstruction algorithm-dependent variability in PERCIST classification is a significant issue but can be overcome by harmonizing SULs using a proprietary software tool.	Question: Does PET SUV Harmonization Affect PERCIST Response Classification? Answer: Reconstruction algorithm-dependent variability in PERCIST classification is a significant issue but can be overcome by harmonizing SULs using a proprietary software tool.
Answer the question based on the following context: To compare the distribution of pro-inflammatory cytokines in heart valve lesions with their plasma levels. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 were determined in 70 patients with heart valve lesions. TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels were also quantified in tissue specimens ...	Association between plasma levels and immunolocalization of cytokines in heart valve lesions: a possible target for treatment?	The association between plasma and tissue sample cytokine concentrations suggests that plasma cytokine levels reflect the extent and severity of valvular lesions. Statins may attenuate progressive calcific valve stenosis. Statins also affect TNF-alpha and IL-10 plasma levels. These associations may help not only predic...	Question: Association between plasma levels and immunolocalization of cytokines in heart valve lesions: a possible target for treatment? Answer: The association between plasma and tissue sample cytokine concentrations suggests that plasma cytokine levels reflect the extent and severity of valvular lesions. Statins may...
Answer the question based on the following context: From a cognitive neuroscience perspective, the emotional attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could be conceptualized either as emotional hyper-responsiveness or as reduced priming of task-relevant representations due to dysfunction in 'top-down' ...	Biased emotional attention in post-traumatic stress disorder: a help as well as a hindrance?	These findings document that hyper-responsiveness to threat but not to positive stimuli is specific for patients with PTSD.	Question: Biased emotional attention in post-traumatic stress disorder: a help as well as a hindrance? Answer: These findings document that hyper-responsiveness to threat but not to positive stimuli is specific for patients with PTSD.
Answer the question based on the following context: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a multilevel school based intervention on adolescents' emotional wellbeing and health risk behaviours. School based cluster randomised controlled trial. Students were surveyed using laptop computers, twice in the fi...	The Gatehouse Project: can a multilevel school intervention affect emotional wellbeing and health risk behaviours?	While further research is required to determine fully the processes of change, this study shows that a focus on general cognitive skills and positive changes to the social environment of the school can have a substantial impact on important health risk behaviours.	Question: The Gatehouse Project: can a multilevel school intervention affect emotional wellbeing and health risk behaviours? Answer: While further research is required to determine fully the processes of change, this study shows that a focus on general cognitive skills and positive changes to the social environment of...
Answer the question based on the following context: Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation (STN-DBS) has been shown to significantly improve motor symptoms in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Only few studies, however, have focused on the non-motor effects of DBS. A consecutive series of 15 patients was assessed ...	Does subthalamic nucleus stimulation induce apathy in Parkinson's disease?	Although STN-DBS constitutes a therapeutic advance for severely disabled patients with Parkinson's disease, we should keep in mind that this surgical procedure may contribute to the inducing of apathy. Our observation raises the issue of the direct influence of STN- DBS on the limbic system by diffusion of stimulus to ...	Question: Does subthalamic nucleus stimulation induce apathy in Parkinson's disease? Answer: Although STN-DBS constitutes a therapeutic advance for severely disabled patients with Parkinson's disease, we should keep in mind that this surgical procedure may contribute to the inducing of apathy. Our observation raises t...
Answer the question based on the following context: No data regards lipoprotein particle profiles in obese and non-obese metabolic health subtypes exist. We characterised lipoprotein size, particle and subclass concentrations among metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese and non-obese adults. Cross-sectional sample o...	Lipoprotein particle subclass profiles among metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese and non-obese adults: does size matter?	Metabolically healthy adults displayed favourable lipoprotein particle profiles, irrespective of BMI and metabolic health definition. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining a healthy lipid profile in the context of overall cardiometabolic health.	Question: Lipoprotein particle subclass profiles among metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese and non-obese adults: does size matter? Answer: Metabolically healthy adults displayed favourable lipoprotein particle profiles, irrespective of BMI and metabolic health definition. These findings underscore the importance...
Answer the question based on the following context: Edible oils are an empiric approach for the prevention of oral diseases. The present in situ study investigated the effect of edible oils on initial bacterial colonization of enamel surfaces. Initial biofilm formation was performed on enamel specimens mounted on maxil...	Do edible oils reduce bacterial colonization of enamel in situ?	Rinses with edible oils have no significant impact on the initial pattern and amount of bacterial colonization on enamel over 8 h.	Question: Do edible oils reduce bacterial colonization of enamel in situ? Answer: Rinses with edible oils have no significant impact on the initial pattern and amount of bacterial colonization on enamel over 8 h.
Answer the question based on the following context: Medical management of severe ulcerative colitis has used cyclosporine with increasing frequency as an adjuvant to systemic steroids and mercaptopurine. However, the effects of combined management with cyclosporine and prednisone may lead to significant immune compromi...	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia postrestorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: a role for perioperative prophylaxis in the cyclosporine era?	In the era of aggressive medical management for ulcerative colitis with both steroids and cyclosporine, the complications of immunosuppression may be significant, including opportunistic pneumonia. Prophylaxis against P. carinii pneumonia with sulfa antibiotics should be considered, especially in patients for whom proc...	Question: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia postrestorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: a role for perioperative prophylaxis in the cyclosporine era? Answer: In the era of aggressive medical management for ulcerative colitis with both steroids and cyclosporine, the complications of immunosuppression may be si...