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Welcome to the Mintel Region! The Mintel region is a land northwest of Johto. This is a very varied landscape where pokemon and people live in harmony. However, the land of Mintel is under siege by a mysterious group of people known as team Eclipse. This group appears to be capable of influencing or even controlling the minds of pokemon. Team Eclipse's motives are surrounded in mystery. It appears they are after something, something extremely dangerous. They will stop at nothing to get it. Start your journey in the land of Mintel, encounter pokemon never before seen, gather badges and challenge the Elite 4, and decide the destiny of Mintel.
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Posted: Jul 8 2007, 08:41 PM
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1. Do not flame members or staff members.. In case you don't know, flaming is the posting of angry messages. Take a couple deep breaths and say what you have to say in a civil manner.
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0.046244 | <urn:uuid:d2c32983-1204-4137-ad51-13be1d1fe48a> | en | 0.948292 | Monday, November 26, 2012
Breaking the Chain
The problem
However there are longer term impacts and threats, in particular:
(i) Greenland Ice Sheet destabilisation,
(ii) accelerated methane discharge,
(iii) loss of biodiversity and habitat, and
1. The melt feedback loops 1 and 2, sea ice and N albedo loss more generally are swirled into loop 3 - hard core CH4, Methane release mostly from shallow Sea floor. Best point for interdiction is to keep ice cover on Arctic. If that fails what feeds life processes which holds climate mellow fails as well.
Had to think about what to say after reading this article because it matters what we say, that is if Earth is to recover and peace is to be had. Tactical application of force to keep sea ice intact some more during melt season without destroying Ozone and or having negative feedback and unintentional environmental consequence may necessitate use of ships with thick hulls and flight deck capability to deploy capabilities so Arctic can have support platform for application of perhaps height specific aerosol applications to best shield the Arctic Sea from sun's light this coming Summer. I'm thinking Sulphate particle dispersal at very lowest Stratosphere could perhaps be seasonally applied to best block incoming rays from the sun from hitting sea surface and transforming to heat.. Land locked ocean in Arctic could as Paul pointed out when Cyclone was raging about August 7th 2012 whip up future storms fed from heat of surrounding lands.. That could last for long times.. tests of what works and what doesn't need to be carried out in a big hurry along with cost projection analysis along with all manner of input and retries to find out the the best of ways..
It would be good to see war infrastructure stuff used to best advantage without exception.
Doha needs a bit of an injection of the reality of what's going on in the Real world Earth to perhaps get dialog started about the severity of heat.. As someone said - This is a golden opportunity. The color gold.
2. I'm more inclined to think a systemic monetary alteration designed to protect Earth for a change that helps keep ecosystems whole and viable would be of most value. Protecting permafrost to keep it from melting and sea ice intact means, amongst other things, mankind has to stop using things that make smoke and create greenhouse gas emissions.. -To do that will take broad change to the value of money, tying its worth to what supports Earth ecosystems.
Feedback from satellite and earth science can prove what works and what doesn't and can make quality improvements on effectiveness of things like restoration. But it will likely be all over but the singing if all Arctic sea ice melts.
Whether Earth survives or not even now falls to us.
3. I've run small tests of effect of giving glimpse of reality of where Earth is relative to runaway into vibrant discussion of hot button issues that get people going and it bounces off without much effect but to gain criticism upon myself and a voiced regret that I've ruined a great discussion.
Was hoping to get systemic change going in the world fast enough including action for peace to create a full press concerted effort upon runaway.
I think we're cooked. But even dead men walking can attempt, somehow try and speak up to change.
Somehow try and keep hope alive and spirit alive. Essentially that we aren't dead yet.
This blog is now closed for comments.
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0.415366 | <urn:uuid:ed0e9a22-069b-42e4-87c5-45d7d75ed49b> | en | 0.974011 | Honesty and bravery
February 18, 2012
I believe that a president should be organized, brave and honest. The president has to be organized because he is in charge of a lot of things that he can't afford to mix up. He has to be organized when meeting with other world leaders. The president has to be brave because he can decide if he wants to go to war with another country. He also has to be brave when there is a disaster happening in the U.S. The president needs to be honest when in office. The people want an honest president so that they can rely on him for the good of our country. That's why we need a president who is organized, brave and honest.
Riley E. Carsey
Eighth grade,
Nazareth Area Middle School
Morning Call Articles | http://articles.mcall.com/2012-02-18/opinion/mc-presidents-day-carsey-20120218_1_honest-president-world-leaders-meeting-with-other-world | dclm-gs1-115680002 | false | false | {
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0.031173 | <urn:uuid:40084707-3b3f-4831-a5e1-e865cba22868> | en | 0.900417 | Tell me more ×
I used the matlab deploy tool to make my code executable and a standalone. It created a folder containing 2 folders inside. Those 2 folders have the executable files inside (prog1) and a file called What should I do to run that file? I click on it and it doesnt open anything.
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Welcome to AskUbuntu! Please check to learn how to run a .sh file. If those answers don't fully address your question please edit it to include why. – carnendil May 27 at 17:32
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Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question. | http://askubuntu.com/questions/300721/running-an-executable-file-made-from-matlab-code | dclm-gs1-115720002 | false | false | {
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0.23714 | <urn:uuid:1b95917c-c71e-43e1-8e7a-e2b03c492d02> | en | 0.983311 | Assassin's Creed Wiki
Ezio and Altair aren't related!!!
4,614pages on
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Forums: Index Masyaf's Courtyard Ezio and Altair aren't related!!!
I you watch this video you will know the truth. Ubisoft explains the ancestry of desmond!!!
Tdv96 18:03, February 5, 2012 (UTC)
So it seems they are from two different sides of Desmond's family.
XNQtionr 02:46, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
I'm pretty sure they are related. Still, don't you want to explain why you think so? MikeBone 02:57, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
my mistake, I copied the wrong address. The article explains that writer Darby McDevitt stated that Ezio and Altair are not related.
XNQtionr 03:06, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
How would they not be related yet Desmond can view their memories? He can only do that if they are connected in some way--DNA. Why do they look so much alike if they aren't related? Strang3Happ3nings 03:21, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Yeah I just saw it wand was about to post it. Wow wtf. MikeBone 03:22, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Strang3Happ3nings: Desmond has both of their DNA, Ezio doesn't need Altair's DNA for Desmond to view both their memories.
XNQtionr 03:27, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Desmond could be related to both of them through marriage though wasn't Dominic Auditore (the founder of the Auditore family) a descendant of Altair? Aleksandr the Great 03:32, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Kind of defeats the purpose of putting spoilers in the title when you have Altair and Ezio aren't related in the title as well.... LuckyTimothy 6:66, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
I just read the article and I retract my statement. MY GOSH. So Altair came from one side of the family and Ezio from the other, which means Subject 16 is only related to Desmond through Ezio. But why do they look alike? So there is a possibility that Desmond has family that stayed in the Middle East and some that stayed in Europe--this is a trip! :D Question is: is Ezio Desmond's father's relative or his mother's? What if the reason the Masonic Eye and Phyrgian cap meet is because his ancestors have something to do with both symbols rather than the French Revolution? The Masonic Eye appears in the American Constitution and the US dollar. the Phyrgian cap appears in the French Revolution and in Latin America (Peru, Haiti, Colombia, Cuba, etc.). Perhaps he has two ancestors in two different lands that meet: an Assassin and a Templar. The eye is associated with the Freemasons, aka Templars. The cap is associated with revolutions in oppressed nations, aka Assassins fighting the Templars for freedom. Thoughts? Strang3Happ3nings 03:56, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
They don't have to come from different sides of the family though. They could be from the same side of the family if for example the mother of Ezio's child is a descendant of Altair. 21:54, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
There's one major problem that nobody has realized yet. How can both Ezio and Altair have Eagle Vision if they aren't related? JumpInTheFire13 05:16, July 22, 2011 (UTC) they both came from two seperate lineages of twcb 05:25, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
They both came from ancestors who were TWCB hybrids? Adam and Eve had a bunch of kids, but that may not be true in the AC universe. Desmond isn't the only Assassin with Eagle Vision. Just because we don't know exactly who they are doesn't mean they don't exist. Someone on this website said that "Eve" may be a distant relative of Desmond's, so they're probably right. She's probably related to him and carries the other half of TWCB's DNA that Subject 16 said he needs to save the world. Now, don't say they need to have a child because that was never implied with either TWCB or Subject 16. Talks about DNA does not equal sex. A few people have posted some theories about Lucy being pregnant when Desmond stabbed her or she was to have his child or something along those lines. Strang3Happ3nings 05:29, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Perhaps the Animus represents the ancestors with a face similar to the user's, adjusted for age. Perhaps it gave Altair an American accent for a chuckle too. DCTF 10:42, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Someone on GameFAQs had an interesting point: "If this is true, why can Ezio see Altair at Masyaf?" Just something for your mind to chew on. As I said before, I don't believe it. Aegis Runestone 17:54, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
@Aegis - In the Gamespot interview, the AC representative said that the seals in AC:R will have some of Altair's memories encoded into them through which Ezio will experience parts of Altair's life (so Desmond will live through these new memories of Altair's via Ezio's memories). Perhaps the seals are TWCB technology in the same way that the Pieces are. Masyaf is where the seals will be brought together to unlock the final secret beneath Masyaf, so that's why the trailer shows a vision of Altair in that location. DCTF 18:01, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Then they are breaking their own canon. The wiki here says that Altair is Ezio's ancestor and cites Assassin's Creed II as the source. So, therefore, if Ezio and Altair are not meant to be related, then why does it say they are in AC2? Aegis Runestone 18:33, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Don't know – maybe it's been misrepresented in this latest article, or maybe there's more to this than we understand right now – perhaps Desmond has a more direct genetic link to Altair, and Ezio's familial connection is weaker? It's anyone's guess, but I'd like to think they wouldn't have messed up on such a fundamental detail as this. PS. Can you refresh my memory on this thing about AC2? Been a while since I played it, so I can't remember where it specifically said Altair is an ancestor of Ezio. DCTF 19:40, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
I'd have to start a new AC2 game. Which, I'm actually willing to do, it's just that it might take me a day or two to get to the scene where they enter the Sanctuary (I've heard that location is where Ezio is told that Altair is his ancestor. Indirectly, though.) Basically, Mario supposed says "our ancestor, Altair" or something like that in the Sanctuary. We'll see. If nothing is mentioned, I might believe this. However, I'd like to put into perspective of how writers might think: J.K. Rowling declared once that her books (Harry Potter) were "not fantasy." Which is ridiculous because they are made of 100% fantasy elements (well, maybe not 100%). Here, we have the main writer for AC saying that Altair and Ezio aren't related when we have semi-solid evidence that they are. The point here is: writers don't always know what they're talking about, even it's their own writing. :PAegis Runestone 19:55, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
Ah good point, that sounds familiar. I'm thinking of playing it again because I did AC2 once and Brotherhood twice, so it's about time I went back. Still, perhaps this writer hasn't made a mistake after all. For example: suppose a woman outside the Auditore family has a child with a non-Auditore male. The child's father dies, leaving the woman as a single parent. She then marries an Auditore, who accepts the child as his own into the family. Thus, a person without Auditore genetic lineage could be accepted as an Auditore by history. (I know, it's a pointless fudge...) DCTF 20:02, July 22, 2011 (UTC)
So... I just started playing through AC2 again (slowly, as I've got a lot of work on, and I wanted to pay attention for any mention of Altair). It seems the Wikia might actually be wrong. I'm in Sequence 5 right now. Mario has not made any mention of Altair being an Auditore ancestor yet, only that he was an assassin long ago who is important to the organisation. The transcript of the Auditore family crypt engravings doesn't say Altair is an ancestor, and the Codex pages obviously can't. I suspect I'm going to get to the end again and discover this writer is absolutely correct, and a lot of us have fooled ourselves that we heard something which was never said. DCTF 12:16, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
are you guys forgetting about Domenico Auditore his information can be found on this wiki and the u-play bonus download which clearly states that Altair is Domenicos ancestor and therefore Ezios as well JTassassin137 13:12, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
@JTassassin137 - You mean this? I can't see anything clearly stated in there which says Altair is Domenico's ancestor DCTF 13:43, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
@DCTF You should see it in the biography section third paragraph in the Domenico Auditore article. AssassinCreedFreak122 00:10, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
@Anon - I do see that, but it's not in the actual text of the game, which is why I'm suggesting it may be a mistake in the Wikia. We'll see when I get to the crypt again, because the one other possibility is that it comes from the TAB-to-view Biography text from Shaun, in which case it's easy for the game's writer(s) to say he made a false assumption. After all, the Wikia points out that he got the generations wrong. I'll let you know later! P.S. And now I can't use my desktop machine because the graphics card appears to have died and its fan doesn't spin. This won't be cheap. Lesson learned: do not challenge the Wikia. DCTF 14:08, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
Gosh darn it. You're right. I got to the Sanctuary scene, and Mario didn't say anything about Altair being Ezio's ancestor... Aegis Runestone 16:02, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
So I just read the G4 coverage of the Assassin's Creed panel and it was said that Ezio and Altair are both related to Desmond but not to each other. So it is official, I suppose. I don't know why we always assumed it was a straight lineage, but it feels very strange to think that Ezio is not Altair's descendant. Conor Shepard 20:21, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
What about when Altair and Maria had a "moment" on William's tower. It panned in to her stomach, what was the point of that, To explain the Lineage between Ezio and Altair. Tyler D'Ambrosio 20:46, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
Well I don't see how it was supposed to explain the lineage between Ezio and Altair in the first place. Just showed who it was Altair knocked up. 21:54, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
I really doubt Altair and Ezio aren't somehow related by blood. I looked over the family lines, and here's what I've got pegged down:
Altair and Maria had two sons, Darim and Sef. Darim was childless, Sef had two daughters around or before 1217. They moved to Alexandria around 1247 (they would have been in their early 30's by now). Altair gives his Codex to the Polo brothers in 1247 before the Khan family attacks Maysaf. My guess (since Altair is 92 by 1247) is that Altair and his son Dairm die protecting Maysaf.
The time period between 1247 and 1296 bears no records regarding Altair's lineage.
Then in 1296 Domencio (later taking the name "Auditore") is born in Venice to a sailor and assassin. He also becomes a sailor and assassin, marries, and has a son. Domenico works for his father's patron, Marco Polo. Marco gives Dante Aligheri the Codex, and Dante gives the Codex to his apprentice, Domenico to bring to Spain (coincidence? there's no such thing in this world!). Domenico, his wife, and son are ambushed by Templars. Domenico loses his wife and the Codex. He then moves to Florence with his son and uses Marco Polo's bank account to become a noble under the name "Auditore". The two eventually move and rule Monteriggioni. Skip ahead a few more generations and Mario and Giovanni are born. Giovanni and Maria have several children, including Ezio. Ezio then discovers and reassembles Altair's Codex and his armor. Skip ahead a ton more generations and Subject 16 and Desmond are born.
There is a huge theme of the relationships between fathers and sons in these games and comics-- it's really hard to miss. So to say that Ezio and Altair aren't related when there's enough coincidental evidence and threads that connect the two together seems in laymen's terms: DUMB. I think someone just screwed up somewhere OR Ubisoft's got something up their sleeve. Probably the latter, since one of their writers said it. It just seems weird to me. We'll have to wait and see.Mcm62992 23:00, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
Well, I do want to point out one small fact - why Abstergo needed Desmond in the first place? They needed Desmond because in his blood was encoded with the memories of his ancestors. So here is a question if Subject Sixteen and Desmond were related thru Ezio's bloodline and Ezio is part of Altair's bloodline, then, I ask why didn't Abstergo find about Altair/Ezio's POE and why did they needed Desmond to relive through his ancestors memories? Couldn't they find that out if Subject Sixteen had Altair's memories? No, they discovered that about Altair's involvement thru Subject Sixteen's experience with Ezio Auditore's memories and what Ezio learnt with the Seals and Codex.
Example of Desmond Family tree:
The Auditore Line ---> Domenico's father ---> Domenico ---> Domenico's Son ---> GIovanni and Mario's Father ---> Giovanni and Mario ----> Ezio + Sofia -----> Ezio's Son or Daughter ----> Many Generations? ---> Desmond's Ancestor that Joins Altair's Line ---> Many Generations? ---> Desmond
Altair's Line --> Altair's Father ---> Altair + Maria ---> Darium ---> Darium's Childrens ---> Many Generations? ----> Desmond's Ancestor that Joins the Auditore's Line ---> Many Generations? ---> Desmond
And since we know found the game that Ezio was the last/earliest common ancestor between Desmond and Subject Sixteen - it fits on that regard. Dinale 23:51, July 24, 2011 (UTC)
Altair is Ezio's forefather and they are two meanings of forefather one meaning is an ancestor (and since they arent related i guess thats not it) and the other meaning is person who is from an earlier time and has originated or contributed to a common tradition shared by a particular group and that makes the most sense with the not related idea. AssassinCreedFreak122 00:09, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Links that work please. I think that this is a bunch of nonsense. Of course Ezio is Altairs descendant. Aëtius 00:30, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Comic Con - Live Blog Panel --> Nikole: Q: Can you comment on Altair and Ezio's hookup? A: You mean are they related or are they gay? [haha] They are both related to Desmond but they're not related.
Read more: Dinale 00:35, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
@Aëtius "Of course" isn't very good evidence. I'm playing through again now (and I got my gfx card working again, thankfully); at the time of writing, there's still no mention of Ezio being Altair's descendant. If you can remember where it said otherwise, let us know and save us some time, please :) At the moment, it's looking very much as though Desmond is important because he's the intersection between two bloodlines containing at least two exceptional characters. DCTF 00:44, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I was hoping that the writers were not going to go down the 'convergence of dna' road because it is a bit to close to Eugenics for my liking. Kaloneous 01:25, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Why did they put the Altair and maria scene in AC II? when they could have put in in AC or AC Bloodlines? It's cause they needed to explain Ezio and Altair's Lineage. Also, we may have an explanation of Altair being related to 16. 16 was the guy in AC: Altairs chronicles. I'm just wondering, It's possible he was reviewing older memories. And Ezio and Altair are almost identical in appearence. It's common genetics, Ezio Inherited Altairs genes. Tyler D'Ambrosio 02:05, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
In Assassin's Creed 2 they discuss memory-in-memory patterns and it talks about how a persons mothers memories and fathers memories were competing. It is highly likely we are seeing the same thing here as the memories from one side of the family are competing with the others. This would leave the same feeling as a bleeding effect while still plugged into the animus and so leading to Ezio being able to see Altair in memory form. Unknown144 02:26, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Its always been heavily implied that they are and for this new writer to just come in and say "no their not related." is just insulting to everything I understand about the series. Altair is Desmonds ancestor, Ezio is the next step in that genetic line that leads to Desmond. It just dosen't even make logical sense for them to be related Desmond and not each other. So my opinion is that this Mcdevitt guy is an idiot and I have little faith in the revevaltions script because of his ignorance. 03:03, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I don't really see how it's insulting, and calling the writer an idiot based on your assumptions is a bit ironic in the circumstances. There was a whole academy full of assassins in AC1, in a town which presumably contained a fair number of assassins' relatives. You mention logic - how does it make logical sense that Altair and Ezio *are* related just because Desmond is descended from both? Really, lots of players screamed "plothole" and now they won't admit to having jumped to conclusions.
PS To Tyler: showing us Altair and Maria's creation of another assassin will presumably be important in Revelations. The event let us know for sure that any viewing of your ancestors' memories is impossible after the moment of the conception of the generation which leads to you. Most players are only going to play the desktop/large console titles, so it filled in the Maria/Altair story. It couldn't happen in AC1 very easily (though it would have made a more intriguing ending). The common appearance may just be a feature of the Animus: you look like yourself at an age appropriate to the period of life you're experiencing, perhaps. DCTF 03:21, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
DCTF, it could just be because Ubisoft used the same character model for all three. There doesn't have to be an explanation for everything, especially little things like that. JumpInTheFire13 05:19, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I think I figured something out...Ezio can NOT be related to Altair at all but in order to Desmond being able to view Ezio's and Altair's memories, some one must have Altair's DNA in them! So My point is: Ezio isn't A Descendant of Altair BUT HIS WIFE IS! I Highly believe that Sofia Sorta (or whatever her name is) is the descendant of Altair that unites his[Altair's] memories with the Auditore :P 06:28, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
JumpInTheFire, that's very true, which is why I said "perhaps". It's not a detail which I think needs any explanation.
In other news, got the gfx card working, played the Auditore Family Crypt again. There is no Animus history about the crypt, and the only text comes with the wall carvings. The plot of the next game is solid and nothing conflicts with it. AC2 never said Ezio is a descendent of Altair. DCTF 09:03, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Then the article must be fixed. Though, I forgot WHICH article cited AC2 as the source of Ezio being related to Altair (which we now know is false). Aegis Runestone 15:07, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I just think it was stupid for the writers to make a move like this. Had we found out about this in the game itself, it might have come as an interesting twist, but announcing this before the game. Plus if they planned this all along why give them the same faces? Was it just to fool us to think they were from the same bloodline? It also weakens the story of 'Revelations', cause first it felt like Ezio was going on a personal quest to find the secrets of his ancestor. Now it just seems like he is doing his duty as an Assassin to find this secret in Masyaf and find the keystones to open it. Just doesn't feel personal anymore, thus also not as strong anymore. Just my thoughts. -- Altaïr 19:07, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I totally agree with you, Altaïr. It should have been a reveal in the game, and yeah, it does make it feel less personal. :/ I wish Ezio WAS Altaïr's descendent, but Ubisoft has said "no." As for the faces, that has me going, too. I really think Ezio's and Altaïr's faces should look different if they're not related. Aegis Runestone 19:11, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
This just feels like a retcon and I hate retcons. This just sounds like they want to add this to make it more interesting, but this just destroys the story as we knew it. Ezio felt more important to me as a character because he was the descendant of Altaïr, because I think it is no surprise that he is one of my favourite characters in fiction lol. And what are they going to do now. Keep the faces as they are, despite that they're not all related or change them, which would just piss off more fans. -- Altaïr 19:23, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Pretty sure they knew this all along, but they're only going to comment on it and explain it in Revelations. I think this makes me even more interested to find out how these three very diverse figures are all part of the same nexus. 19:48, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
Altaïr, this isn't really a retcon. Ezio was only stated to be Altaïr's descendant in pre-release interviews of AC2. It is stated nowhere in the game, and can therefore easily considered not to be part of the canon. -- Master Sima Yi 21:23, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
I think we all knew that Ubi would throw a major curve ball with Revelations and even though it isn't stated in game, it is implied (the character likeness at the very least) and it could always have been corrected way earlier then now as Darby stated during the comic con interview that both he and Corey May were aware of the fans misconception about the ezio/altair connection since after ACII, but they played (in my opinion) along so the could add this twist in the story. Don't get me wrong, I think that they will establish a good rationale for all of this throughout the rest of the story. Again though, it is kind of misleading and I understand why it annoys people. I mean what if they turn around tomorrow and said that we aren't playing as Desmond at all but his son etc... (i know this isn't the case) but it still would annoy a lot of people. Kaloneous 21:40, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
@Master Sima Yi. Retcons aren't always about contradictions. True, it was never stated but Ubisoft knew most of the fans thought that Altaïr and Ezio were related. It was almost as good as established especially because they all made them look the same. Retcons can be when they add something that changes a reader (or in this case) player's interpretation of the story. And it this case it does. That's why I consider it a retcon. -- Altaïr 21:51, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
One person mentioned that they'd have rather found this out in the game, but I still think that moment in the game would have being accompanied by a million exit beeps and the angry rattling of keyboards on forums everywhere anyway. For one thing, the only reason we know already is because someone asked a question at Comic Con, and besides, it's better we know now so we can prove that and get used to it. It's obviously only a very minor surprise compared to other things we're going to see in AC:R, since it's one of the very few things they're allowing us to know ahead of time. It's been done for a reason, and I trust them to make it worthwhile. For whatever reason, this was better than a lineage connection between Ezio and Altair so there must be an advantage in the story.
I believe it's been planned for years - after all, why not explicitly point out a connection between them in AC2 or AC:B? It's conspicuous that they didn't decide to put it in. I'm happy to be patient and see how this pans out. DCTF 22:12, July 25, 2011 (UTC)
If you go by that defenition, Altair, then you're going to feel like Assassin's Creed has a lot of retcons, because very often the player is encouraged to belive that something is one way, when there's a twist that changes your perception of everything. We thought that TWCB were strictly benign, but the one at the end of Brotherhood spoke harshly and forced Desmond to kill one of his best friends. It's not a retcon if the authors knew it from the beginning. If writers avoided challenging the player's natural preconceptions then the stories would have to be plainly laid out from start to finish. I prefer building up mysteries that the player never suspects, and then unleashing them. It makes for that amazing feeling I get at the end of each Assassin's Creed game, and makes staying up all night to finish it so totally worth it. 01:33, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
It's different imo. TWCB were still a mystery, cause we only met one of them, namely Minvera. But with Ezio and Altaïr. Well like I said I know it was not established in the game, but from outside the game. In interviews and other sources it was almost as good as established even by Ubisoft workers, that they were related and they gave us a clear impression that they were in the game, while TWCB were still a mystery to us. That's the difference. We didn't just assume it based on nothing. There were several stories going on, and especially because their faces are identical! How are they going to explain that? It's a coincidence that they have the same face, despite that they are not related? And Revelations had the best cinematic trailer of E4 also because of the emotion in it. How Ezio looked at this phantom image of who we presumed to be his ancestor Altaïr. Now the meaning of is just lost, because there is no connection at all, except that they are both assassins and are ancestors to Desmond, but that barely connects them together. Like I said it doesn't feel personal anymore. It might not be true retcon, but I still feel they ruined a lot by making this move. But I'm not going to conclude... I'm just going to wait and see. -- Altaïr 03:10, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Well put Altair my current thoughts exactlyJTassassin137 05:48, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
can someone explain to me how ezio has eagle vision if hes not related to altair and i know about TWCB and humans breeding and creating half humans-half TWCBJTassassin137 06:02, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
That is why I asked myself too. Makes you think Desmond is extremely lucky to have two ancestors, possibly three, who come from different families, but all have Eagle Vision, or should I say Sense in Ezio's case and likely the third ancestor too. -- Altaïr 06:18, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
If Altair isn´t Ezio´s ancestor, then how did his great-great grandfather Domenico get a hold of Altair´s armor? The 16th saint 06:33, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Because Altaïr likely gave it to Niccolò Polo in Masyaf in his older years together with the codex. I know the codex later got in the in the hands of his son Marko Polo, and passed it on to Dante Alighieri who gave it to his apprentice Domenico Auditore, ancestor of Ezio who built the villa, so also the sanctuary where he placed the armor. The thing is that Domenico learned of his Assassin legacy. So that was one of the many hints that he was the descendant of Altaïr. Another thing is that the theory that Altaïr also gave his armor to Niccolo is speculation. It's not confirmed in the Secret Crusade or other sources as far as I know. So it's more likely that he went in search for it. One of the Auditore's did at least. But why if they are not related to Altaïr? You would think that they went looking for it because it is part of their legacy, but it's not. -- Altaïr 06:47, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
I think that scene is just as powerful with two masters separated by time as with an ancestor. Altair didn't really seem like Ezio's ancestor to me. Ezio only knows him as a guy who was a living legend. even if they were related, the connection he would feel to him would still only be on that level.
I read he article today only and was quite surprised.But then in AC2 why does ezio and mario refer to altair as their Great Grandfather
The Hidden Blade 11:00, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
He wasn't refering to Altair as the great grandfather. They were refering to Domenico Auditore... So your point is invalid. FailChef Words are Awesome 11:13, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
then how does ezio see altair at masyaf?The Hidden Blade 13:30, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Well...what Ezio see is Altair's ghost. We have seen Desmond seeing ghosts before due to the bleeding effect. And those ghosts are not exactly his forefathers.
I believe Ezio already has one of those stone disks that contain Altair's memories, before traveling to Masyaf. Those disks function like the stuff Abstergo uses to show you memories of people from the past in Project Legacy (the DDS), so anyone can use it to view memories of people who are not your forefathers.
MiloE 14:03, July 26, 2011 (UTC)_
The stuff Abstergo uses??? THE ANIMUS??? How do you remember all of the other names you mentioned and not Animus hahaha jk. But I was thinking perhaps they could make the excuse of the Animus just inserting the face of the user onto the ancestor and that's why Desmond's face was so similar to Ezio's and Altair's. And the reason his face changed in Revelations was a change in Animus software. Just a theory, but if this theory did hold true, that would mean they would have to change Altair's face model as well. Conor Shepard 16:50, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
This whole crap of discussion, I am still disagreed that they are not related - If they are not related, then how can Ezio get all skills directly from Altair, included Eagle Sense/Instinct, etc? I am still saying that Altair is a previous living figure of Ezio, as Ezio is to Desmond. Like how Desmond learned and honed all moves Ezio once did; without directly teaching in Real-Life (aka outside Animus). Those reviewers who mentioned about Ezio ≠ Altair are liars and tricksters. --FredCat 16:55, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
It is possible that Altaïr and Ezio aren't related, if Altaïr is a relative to Sofia Sorto, Sofia Sorto and Ezio had kids, one of the kids is related to Desmond and the other to S16, the kids are related to Sofia and Ezio so Desmond and S16 are both related to Altaïr and Ezio while Ezio isn't related to Altaïr, do you understand me?CoffeeRocks 17:10, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Still, it's impossible. I am still denying this relation craps, it's all because of Eagle Sense/Instinct. If Ezio had it and not get Altair's Blood or DNA, then it's conflict. Again, for Revelation; Ezio had Altair's DNA as he was only person saw Altair in the trailer, where other people (Guards) do not. --FredCat 17:15, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
It's not impossible, Fredcat. Eagle sense wasn't unique to Altair. If it was, they would have said so, or people would have remarked about it, but they never talked about it being unusual. Altair lived in a town full of other assassins. You are inventing things, declaring them to be true and then getting angry about the games having their own story that doesn't match the one you made up. We don't know why Ezio could see Altair until we play AC:R and see what happens to Ezio after he relives Altair's memories when he uses the Seals. The fact that he could see him does not prove that they are related. DCTF 17:29, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
@DCTF actually Eagle Sense is an advanced eagle vision so it could have happened in Altair's later life but we couldnt know because we only played a year in Altair's life while we played Ezio from 17 to 52. AssassinCreedFreak122 18:04, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
We can't know if Altaïr had eagle sense. One thing already does not support the theory and that is the book The Secret Crusade, but then again it never really refers to his Eagle Vision either. So there could still be other sources claiming Altaïr Eagle vision evolved to an Eagle Sense, but so far there are no sources to back this up. Anyway I just want to repost what I said earlier. I do think it is highly coincidental Desmond has two ancestors with this ability. And @DCTF you talk almost as if every assassin had eagle vision in the Creed during the third crusade. I think Altaïr was suppose to be the only, if not one of the few who had Eagle vision in the Creed. It suppose to be a rare ability. Still it's possible people had it who were not Assassins and one of these people passed it on to Ezio eventually. -- Altaïr 18:14, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
I would repeat this, Altair is Ezio's grandfather, because Eagle Sense is in the blood. Desmond also got this by end of AC1, which is before he learned of Ezio and his life. That does further prove that the supernatural power and moves have passed down from Altair to Ezio, then to Desmond. And I am sealing this in my own mind. --FredCat 18:45, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
@Altair - Rare ability, sure. They don't say how many people have it. It is an assassin's ability though, as Ezio's father says when he tells him how to find the robes in the hidden area in the house: "use your gift".
@Fredcat - Altair is blatantly not Ezio's grandfather or even great-grandfather. Dominico is further back than that in Ezio's family. There is no proof in what you're saying, other than the gift is hereditary. TWCB explain that the eagle vision/sense comes from them - they had it, the glyph puzzles explain that there was interbreeding between them and some humans (which echoes the biblical account of the Nephilim), and as a result the eagle vision is out there in the human population too. DCTF 18:59, July 26, 2011 (UTC)@DCTF Where is the proof that Eagle vision or sense is only an assassin ability? This goes all the way back to Adam and Eve, were all descendants Assassins? Umar likely had eagle vision too, only because his ancestors had it. While there is no proof that his ancestors were assassins.
Eagle Vision does not mean that Altair is related to Ezio. Since Eagle Vision is a result of the mixing of human and TWCB DNA, then any descendant of Adam and Eve could have it. And unless their descendants only had one child each, making their family tree a staight line, then Altair and Ezio could be far enough apart that they are not considered related but still both have Eagle Vision. Wunderkind67 19:48, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Yeah I don't mean it's exclusive to assassins - as I was saying above, it's just a genetic heritage from TWCB, and I wasn't suggesting all assassins have it either. Just that, for the purposes of the game, it's a thing you use in assassinations and no doubt there are meant to be Templars and ordinary people too who have the ability. DCTF 20:28, July 26, 2011 (UTC)
Ezio saw altair because of the seals. We don't know how, but that's it. 20:10, July 27, 2011 (UTC)
I proposed how some lines above: he gets a secondary effect of using the seals: the bleeding effect. So he starts seing ghosts, just like Desmond sees ghost of guards and other people. 23:02, July 27, 2011 (UTC)
I've read this forum page from top to bottom, and I have a few things to say. First of all, I don't see why some people refuse to admit Altaïr and Ezio are not related. The writers write the story, therefore what the writers say about the story is the absolute truth. Second, many people wrote false deductions attempting to prove that the two Assassins are indeed related, but I have not found one post attempting to prove that they can *not* be related. I believe I have found said proof, but I've never been very good at explaining my thoughts, especially in writing, so please bear with me.
First of all, I believe we can all safely assume that Abstergo acts in a rational manner, or else they would never have succeeded in their plans. Second, Ezio is one of Subject 16's ancestors, therefore if Altaïr was Ezio's ancestor, then he would also be Subject 16's ancestor. This would mean Abstergo could access Altaïr's memories through Subject 16. So, if they could, why did they go through Ezio's memories instead? This would mean Ezio's memories had greater priority than Altaïr's. To summarise what I've said so far, we can safely say that because of who's memories Abstergo accessed through Subject 16, that if Altaïr was one of Ezio's ancestors than that Ezio's memories were more important than Altaïr's.
However, Subject 16 (officially) committed suicide, so Vidic had to move on to Subject 17, Desmond. Now, if Altaïr and Ezio were related, than Abstergo would once again have access to both Altaïr's and Ezio's memories. But why did they study Altaïr's life and not continue on with Ezio's? They had not reached the point where Ezio meets Minerva's interactive hologram, or else Lucy would have known about this memory before Desmond relived it. The only explanation is that Abstergo preferred to study what Altaïr knew rather than what Ezio knew, which is logical since it allowed them to learn the location of many Pieces of Eden instead of just two.
Now, to summarise: we know for sure that Altaïr's memories were more important than Ezio's (see third paragraph), and we know that if Altaïr and Ezio were related, that Ezio's memories were more important than Altaïr's (see second paragraph). In other words, we have two contradictory ideas. However, one of them is based on an assumption, that Altaïr is one of Ezio's ancestors, therefore this assumption is false. I hope I've managed to make myself understood, and that people will stop saying that the writers are bad at their job.
Mahlete 00:22, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
P.S. Please tell me if you see any mistakes in my logic, or if I have my facts wrong, so that we may all get closer to an explanation, or in my English (I'm French and trying to improve) :)
In the 23:06, July 27, 2011 version of the Eagle Vision article it is stated:
"Assassin's Creed states that the Eagle vision ability is actually just the Animus' visualization of the Assassin's observational skills. However, as Juno later refers to Assassins seeing "the blue shimmer," the backstory for Eagle vision was likely changed to be a real-world ability. "
In the 01:26, July 27, 2011 version of The Creed article it is stated:
"Nothing is true; everything is permitted."
―The Creed's maxim.
The maxim could apply to those that are involved with the game. 00:30, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
I for one do not know for sure, but i am crushed by the fact this is even a possibility. If they are indeed unrealated, then it changes everything i believed about the series. Now i have no choice but to question everything. I guess the only to really know is to wait for it to be revealed in November. Man, I sure do hope they are related and this statement was just made to mess with us. Solo assassin 07:57, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
I have seen alot of good arguments in this forum. But none of you answered the question above; if ezio and altair aren't related, why do they have the same face? And you know that little easter egg in brotherhood with Altair's statue? That implies that Desmond himself thinks that Altair and ezio are related! (unsigned)
I agree that we haven't answered the question regarding their faces, but no-one can really know for sure until the writers actually let us know. Anyway, here is my theory. I don't believe the Animus simply puts the user's face on top of the ancestor's, that just seems weird. Also, that does not explain why Maria Thorpe keeps her own face and does not take Desmond's. Some say that is because Altaïr saw her face therefore her appearance is encrypted into Desmond's DNA, but in that case Maria saw Altaïr's face and since she is also one of Desmond's ancestors, her husband's (did they actually get married? I'm not sure) face should be in Desmond's DNA as well.
If you watch the Truth video from AC2, you may notice Adam ressembles Desmond, Altaïr and Ezio, but I'll admit it is difficult to tell because of his beard. Now, Adam had 50% TWCB DNA, and it's simple genetics and logic that his descendants will each have less and less TWCB DNA the more Adam's family merges with the 100% humans. I believe that from time to time Adam is reincarnated in one of his descendants and that that somehow brings a fresh batch of TWCB DNA into the family. That also explains why after all those generations, Altaïr and Ezio have the same genetic abilities (Eagle Vision/Sense, apparently infinite endurance, surviving a 60 feet/20 meter drop without breaking one bone, etc.). My theory is supported by the fact that Desmond has to find "Eve", which kind of implies that he is Adam. I know all of this is mere speculation, but tell me what you think :)
Mahlete 14:24, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
Eagle Vision was retconned DURING the development of AC1. This is obvious because Desmond can use it IRL at the end, and if it wa sjust an animus program, how the heck would it ever apply to real life, let alone blood splatters? I don't think Adam's "Reincarnated", but I do think that certain individuals get the full power of TWCB, and certain ones don't. 19:03, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
If someone finds a direct quote of someone from Ubisoft saying that Ezio is Altaïr's descendent, I would love to see it. I've looked back over a lot of interviews and articles, including all six Developer Diaries for AC2, and I haven't found one instance of this being said by someone from Ubisoft. The original reveal article for AC2 in Game Informer says that Altaïr is Ezio's ancestor, but that's not a direct quote and could easily be a misunderstanding by the article's author. In the Gamespot E3 Stage Demo for AC2, one of the viewer questions mentions Altaïr being Ezio's ancestor, and Patrice kind of changed the subject a little bit, but he never confirmed that statement (the main question was will we see more of Altaïr). He then says "Desmond is the link." Why would he say that if the two were related? Desmond wouldn't be the link between them if he already knew they were related. I think a lot of the confusion came because Patrice kept describing Ezio as "the next ancestor". This would naturally make people think he's in the same line as Altaïr, but he's simply saying that Ezio is the next ancestor of Desmond that we're visiting. 20glyphs 21:32, July 28, 2011 (UTC)
Exactly. and even with Revelations, if you read a recent review, they WILL say something that is assumed or totally wrong. I was just reading an article that made it seem like EVERYTHING would be revealed in revelations, and Desmond's story would be over. Then I read one that made it seem like Revelations was going to reveal as much as other AC games have. (Basically another, bigger mystery)
There are those who think Assassin's Dens are missions you have to activate, there are those who say the the graphics engine is completely untouched, even though there have been obvious upgrades. (not too drastic, but noticable)
The thing to remember is that they all have to have some sort of thesis on the game, and since they have to write so many articles, they ususally jump on one before they have all the facts, or only focus on the ones that support it. We have never been told directly from Ubisoft representitives or in-game that Ezio and Altair were related. This leads me to conclude that it was planned from the beginning. Darby even said that they really just never got around to explaining it, since the part of the story that required that fact was only explored in Revelations. But he said that by itself it wasn't that big a deal, they just never ended up getting it in. 04:39, July 29, 2011 (UTC)
When the makers first played around with Assassin's Creed, it is safe to say it was an experiment. They wee not aware of the success this title was going to take on. Then they put out Assassin's Creed II which was much more informative and they also added plenty of back story. Needless to say it only got better with Brotherhood. For whatever reason the men at Ubisoft working on this project chose to mention now that Altair and Ezio are not related. Up until this point they have given us every indication that the two were indeed related, but the made sure to never say it. Not stating this fact in any of the Assassin's Creed titles they gave themselves plenty of wiggle room. It may have very well been that at the beginning of Assassin's Creed II they were meant to be related. Now they must have something much better in in mind for Revelations seeing as officially announced they are not related.
This is going off topic, but is anyone familiar with the television show CSI: Miami? It too is a great story and i very much enjoy it. Since the very first season there has been a core group of cast members. Even though others may come and go, the core memebers remain pretty much the same. Through the first 5 seasons we were made to believe the beginning of the saw in which we saw from its Las Vegas precedent, was the original formation of the team. Later in season 6 or 7 they introduced a new member, who is said to have been around for a very long time before his departure to Los Angeles. Before his debut of the show, there had been zero mention of he prior to, but because they never set anything in stone, the writers were able to manipulate the history known to it's viewers. They then dedicated an entire episode to the story of his participation way before our beloved core cast members even came into play; and the came up with all this after he had spent a full season on the show already.
I hope that comparison makes sense to everyone. The point was that the writers do hold free will, and as long as they never entirely close off a particular angle, then can essentially do whatever they want. I too am extremely bothered by Altair and Ezio not being related, but im starting to feel that it is all right if they are not. I still hope that it is revealed that they are, and what we have believed all this time is correct. Solo assassin 08:01, July 29, 2011 (UTC)
Since its official that Ezio and Altair are not related, There are Some parts of the Assassin's Creed Revelation page of this wiki needs a bit of a re-wording then, cuz there are some parts still claiming that Ezio is Altair's Descendant! Just wanted to point that out to an admin who is reading this77.71.199.174 15:51, July 31, 2011 (UTC)
Altair and Ezio are not related fully but that does not mean Altair is not Ezio's descendant. A descendant may also be described as a person who maintained a culture or held a belief before another. Altair held the Assassin's belief before Ezio and therefore Altair is still a type of descendant of Ezio. Unknown144 23:35, July 31, 2011 (UTC)
Hey, Unknown, I think you meant to say ancestor, because descendant is someone who comes after someone else. Wunderkind67 01:31, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
meh. Unknown144 01:42, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
... and "descendent" does not mean a person who maintains a culture or belief from an older person. A descendent is a person of a later generation to another by genetic heritage, and you would have to be employing the wobbliest of poetic usages to make it mean anything else. DCTF 01:49, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
Altair is actually Ezio's forefather as you see in earlier information about assassin's creed revelations. AssassinCreedFreak122 02:11, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
Forefather was probably used in relation to the Assassin's, because Altair started the true revolution of the Assassin order. He's the forefather of the order. 04:45, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
I am confused How could Altair have started the Assassin order if Al Mualim was the grand master before him, and his father (who came before him) was an assassin also? Unless im failing to comprehend what you mean by revolution, which is is a very high possibility. Solo assassin 08:29, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
Well Al Mualim wasn't a true assassin, because he wanted to use the Apple for his own gain, which was against what the Assassin's believed in. When Altaïr killed him, he brought a revolution of the creed. HellasTholophonos 12:55, August 1, 2011 (UTC)
To the guy who said that Eagle Vision was rectoned in AC1: Since the Animus's representation was how Desmond "saw" EV, then that might be how he visualized it. Ezio/Altair could've "felt" instead of "seen" if somebody was good/bad.
I do also find the scars suspect, all three of them have the same scar, but it may be just a coincidence.
After reading all this, I'm sorry I clicked on the article. I feel as if I should've heard that in-game. (Annabis)
I was really dissappointed when i found this out tbh, i dunno why though :/. However the question is...If those seals (That will be in AC:R) work as a pre-Animus type of thing...(it was said in some interview i cannot remember where though :/) Then how will Ezio be able to see Altair's Memories?
@Annabis, Eagle vision was meant to be an actual power after it was retconned during the development of AC1, not just showing how the character felt about stuff, as evidenced by desmond's ability to see traces of blood that had long been removed. to the guy who didn't sign above me, seals are more like the DDS from project legacy, which allows you to relive memories even if they're not from your ancestors. So Ezio can use it. The scar is a kind of interesting coincidence thing, and it may make more sense once we find out how Desmond, Ezio and Altair are connected. 22:37, August 2, 2011 (UTC)
The Scar only yeah. Would have been a nice coincidence. But their entire face? I hope they have a good explanation for that... -- Altaïr 02:11, August 3, 2011 (UTC)
Wow, I can't believe that this became so long.
XNQtionr 03:12, August 8, 2011 (UTC)
I really don't like this revelation and I hope Ubisoft didn't screw up with it. Even though they never directly stated Ezio was Altair's descendent it just made alot of sense that he was. There was so many hints that alluded to it. They both had eagle vision,a similar appearance, and were Desmonds ancestors. The name of the psp game was called BLOODLINES. It's interconnectivity was weapons from Altair's vanquished foes that ended up at the Auditore villa. His armor and sword both end up at Monteriggioni aswell making it seem like their were family heirlooms. One of the biggest themes in ACII was the importence of family and lineage. During the assassination of Uberto one noble questions the origins of the Auditore family and at the crypt we find out the name is a alias. Also making it appear that the Ibn-La'Ahad became the Auditore. Now the main reason why this news is so heartbreaking. Most of his quests in ACII had to do with Altair be it collecting the codex pages, finding the seals to retrieve his armor, and eventually obtaining the POE. It made sense they were related like Ezio was following in his legendary ancestors shoes. Now Ezio is searching for Altair's memory seals/keys to Masyaf. How cool would it have been in ACR for Ezio to find out he was Altair's descendent.That would have been in awesome moment. I think the reason people are so pissed by this announcement is because if Ubisoft knew this 2 years ago why didn't they say anything. So for 2 years we have all thought something that wasn't. Original Assassin
It doesn't neccisarily have to come from two different sides of Desmond's fmaily tree. It could be Demond's grandmum's two parents. 16:59, September 11, 2011 (UTC)
Are you a bloodly idiot? It makes perfect sense. Look, think of it like this: Altair is related to Desmonds mother while Ezio is related to Desmonds father. They aren't DIRECTLY related. The reason why they have the same face is because of the Animus. See in Revelations they have different faces now becauset he Animus has finally 100% realized how they looked. -LuposBite 17:20, September 11, 2011 (UTC)
WTH? Since when does Ezio speak Arabic? He mainly speaks Italian and at one point, French.
Izamanaick 22:55, September 11, 2011 (UTC)
"Nothing is true; everything is permitted."
―The Creed's maxim.
The part with Altair having observational skills does make a bit of sense because there is a possibility that Altair does not have eagle vision while Ezio is the one with eagle vision. Blix1ms0ns 23:03, September 11, 2011 (UTC)
Am I the only one not pissed off by this? It actually makes a lot of sense. 03:21, September 12, 2011 (UTC)Anonymous
WE all know that the ones who came before cross breeded with humans to form assassins.those assassins were the the only ones who had eagle vision(not all assassins have eagle vision eg shaun, lucyand all assassins who have been accepted into the order by ceremony).So there could be juno assassins ,minerva assassins and jupiter assassinsand so on.So altair could be,say a juno assassin while ezio could be an assassin having ancestry of say,minerva.desmond is lucky to have 2 gods as ancesors + is an ancestor of adam and now has to find a guy (or gal) having eve ancestry! 08:25, September 12, 2011 (UTC)anon
My Theory:
They are not related, Altaïr and Ezio don't come from the same Ancestor. Ezio had kids with Sofia (who I believe to be a descendant of Altaïr) so Desmonds's ancestor is one of their kids and Subject 16's ancestor is the other kid. Aquilus was born before Altaïr and Ezio so most likely the closest relation between them is Aquilus. And Ezio is most likely the closest link between Desmond and 16. CoffeeRocks 15:35, September 12, 2011 (UTC)
@CoffeeRocks Sofia Sorto is not a descendant of Altair, As they confirmed that at ComicCon or Gamescom. I can't remember which.
Izamanaick 18:26, September 12, 2011 (UTC)
I don't see why people get so angry over this. So what if they aren't related? What does that really change anyway? I'm pretty sure it was never blatantly said that Ezio and Altair were related. Just because they said what you thought wasn't true doesn't mean you have to hate them for it.
And Sofia couldn't be Altair's ancestor, because I remember hearing (although I can't remember where I heard it) that Subject 16 was related to Ezio but not Altair. That means one of Ezio's kids are 16's ancestor, while the other kid or one of their descendents had a child with one of Altair's descendents, which eventually led to Desmond. Wunderkind67 20:39, September 12, 2011 (UTC)
I don't think you should call us angry, we just show our opinions and thoughts. We are just having a discussion ;) CoffeeRocks 15:34, September 13, 2011 (UTC)
Sorry but I just don't by it. They state clearly in AC2 that Ezio is a decendant of Altair, and isn't it only possible to use the apple if you have the right genes? Furthermore what about Eagle Vision? Yes I grant you that alot of people have it, but is it not possible that those people are decended from Altair as well? His master had it and they are not related directly. My point is that even if Ezio is not Altair's direct decendant then surely he is apart of his bloodline in some way. I mean the whole story seems to loose it's meaning if it is not about a the torch being passed from father to son, so to speak that is. Captain Hook 7:53 1/12/2012
@Captain Hook - A lot of people thought so, but it's simply not true. Play AC2 and ACB again, as many of us did: they never said it, clearly or otherwise, and the Eagle Vision thing is explained as a product of concentration of certain genetics from TWCB, not from Altair. A fraction of humanity has the ability, and both the Assassins and the Templars are especially interested in investigating individuals from the present and the past who have these genetics. The Animus requires its users to have a reasonably strong genetic match to the ancestors in order to prevent a desynch. The story doesn't lose its meaning at all - it's just not what you assumed it to be. DCTF 04:06, January 13, 2012 (UTC)
Now see here if you have played Desmond's Journey in ACR I'm pretty sure that he says that Altiar is from his mother's side and Ezio from his father's (I beat Desmond's Journey a few weeks ago so...) but seeing altiar in masyaf in the books is a spirit, in the game it's desmond seeing Altiar, (But then again how would he get distracted in the opening scence) well that's my contribution 23:46, January 17, 2012 (UTC) Noah
Actually, they never mention that in Desmond's Journey. In fact, the releationship between Ezio and Altair is never mentioned at all in the AC games, only in the interviews and other video media. It ticked me off that Ezio never found out that he was a descendant of Altair in AC2 or ACB, but now we know that he is not. Also, Desmond inheriting his Altair genes from his mom and his Ezio genes from his father is only a theoretical situation set up by Darby to help explain the situation. It could be possible that the Ezio and Altair's bloodline could have both been given to Desmond by his mom or one of Ezio's children fell in love with one of Altair's descendants. Whatever it may be, Ezio's and Altair's bloodlines, eventually converged after the conception of Ezio's children but before Desmond's birth.
XNQtionr 00:56, January 18, 2012 (UTC)
Actually, it isn't jsut a hypothetical situation set up by Darby. If you read the database entry for Ezio in ACR, William Miles says that he experienced Eagle Vision/Sense himself alongside Ezio, eventhough he didn't spend as much time with him than Desmond. So from that we know Ezio's genes come from Desmond's dad. Also, William says that Desmond has a particularly high concentration of TWCB DNA, insinuating that he inherited it from both his parents. Because of that, we can safely assume that Altaïr's genes came from his mom, or else William would have a very high concentration of TWCB DNA as well.
Mahlete (Sorry, can't log on for some reason.)
I believe it was clay, and not William who made the database entries on ACR. Shaun, Rebecca and William did not see anything Desmond (and us) saw in the animus while he was in the coma, as the recording program or something was deactivated in order to free up memory in the animus, as Rebecca says in the beginning of the game. DanleYelnaD 00:57, January 21, 2012 (UTC)
Nobody seems to have thought of this yet, so since it has been confirmed altair is not ezio's ancestor, then who was? I assume it is a character we mustve meet in some way during the first assassins creed, and id really love to know who. My best guess would be Malik because he was the only assassin ever shown in the game to be anywhere near altair's skills as an assassin, because he was the only one ever shown in master assasin robes. Malik, like altair, was fairly young considering his rank in the order, only in his mid twenties when shown as a master assassin during the solomon temple mission. Therefore, perhaps he also had eagle vision or atleast the capability of passing it on to descendants from some dormant twcb genes. However, this is just a guess, it could be ezios descendants in masyaf at this time were all women, or we just may have never been introduced to them, but i really feel like malik would make the most sense, becaue along with his skill he also seemed to be an unusually wise man, possibly suggesting he too was a descendant of twcb. I'm also curious about who altair's descendant was during ezio's time period, however i doubt we were ever introduced to them since sef's children apparently settled in Alexandria. Does anyone else agree with the malik theory? And ik he had atleast one son...Tazim al sayf. Tazim was the assassin altair predominantly spoke with upon his return to kill abbas...was also one of the view assassins who still followed the creed and was trained as a true assassin, and of those who still followed the creed, he appeared to be the leader. During the battle to retake masyaf from abbas, he served as Altairs body guard, only leaving his side when Altair directed him to. Tazim actually creates a better arrgument for malik being the descendent then malik himself does. I just see a lot of similarity. But then again i saw a lot of similarity in Altair and Ezio, and we all know how that turned out TheEagle6 03:34, January 21, 2012 (UTC)
Well, Altaïr and Ezio are Desmond's ancestors, but from different lineages. I mean, Altaïr's blood's Desmond's mother, while Ezio's is in Desmond's father. the reason why they look alike would be som kind of adaptation the Animus made, so that the Subjects might identify themselves with it's ancestors more easily. Ezio's and Altaïr's aging, might be that there's also an aging program, and Desmond will look alike them in their ages. Safety and Peace, BrothersSchwarzkatz 23:50, February 3, 2012 (UTC)
Perhaps the resemblance is due to them having the same origin of their lines. It is possible they look alike because thye both look like members of TWCB? The pool for likely ancestors was rather small in that respect, what with the war and all, so they may likely have the same original ancestor, and thus the same inheritted features. I also believe, whatever is stated as the reason, the likely original reason would be that they base their models from CGI mapping of actor faces, and likely didn't want to hire an additional actor for the modelling...
Why is it that everyone gets so up in arms about it? It was an assumption made by the community, Ubi never said we were right. As for the 'great coincidence' bit, technically the convergent lines would have had to happen some time if both lines endured. An Desmond is the 'hero' the 'chosen one' and they often have some great origin. Yes, it's a great coincidence, because Desmond is a great (at least in terms of plot significance) character. I don't even think it's meant to be a twist of any sort, just the way they have it made. They never intended the two to be related and they had no reason to state otherwise because it didn't matter. The scene with Altair and Maria was likely to show that there would be no more Altair memories to access directly via the animus because the DNA had already been passed. The remaining Altair memories could then be controlled in their exposure and allow them to avoid the whole "just plug into Altair's memories with the apple and find everything out" route.
Whatever the reason or rhyme behind it, the ultimate question is: Why does it matter? They're both Desmond's ancestors and it could easily work that way, why does it matter how they're related beyond that? Desmond is technically the main character. 06:54, February 8, 2012 (UTC)
Why are people still talking about this? It's so easy to understand. Basically if you can understand how genes work than you will get this. Altair is from Desmonds Mom or Dad, Ezio is from the other Parents, Clay (subject 16) is a relative of that parent also. It was never said that Altair and Ezio were related and the whole reason why Desmond is so special is because he is the joining of two powerful Bloodlines e.g Altair and Ezio. All humans have the Potential to use Eagle vision just those certain genes happen to be more prominent in Altair's and Ezio's bloodline just like any other gene. The reason why Ezio looked the same as Altair is because the developers modelled them all off Desmonds model (They try and back this up by saying it was a lower version in the animus lol). Anyway this discussion is pretty pointless as it is just a minor fact plus it would be kind of unrealistic to have Ezio related to Altair what are the odds of two badass assasins being related to each other and Desmond? Crash911 13:57, February 8, 2012 (UTC)
I can understand now the twist in the plot about non related Ezio and Altair, Seems That Connor is half english/Half native-american, and there is only about 200 years to transform an italian family in an english one. I think that they will link altair family with connor (Maria Thorpe was english right?) and the nexus between ezio and altair lineage closer to the 20th century ""librarian""
Connor comes from a seperate bloodline that converges into Desmond. Altair, Ezio and Connor aren't ancestors/descendants of each other. Slate Vesper 10:32, June 6, 2012 (UTC)
Completely mind boggeling taking all of these ideas in my mind. I admit that I am disapointed that Ezio and Altair are not related directly, but I agree with those that claim it doesn't matter. Yes, I think it might have made a better story, and they would have had more options to continue the story, but I say we just drop this, look forward to AC:3, and find something else to rant about. :3 14:42, August 19, 2012 (UTC)
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0.07105 | <urn:uuid:6c9b9a0e-0639-43b0-96ee-a2751380000e> | en | 0.856642 | EPL Transfer News: Latest English Premier League News, Rumours Chatter
By (Transfers Correspondent) on August 19, 2013
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Which Premier League club signed Pablo Osvaldo?
How did Everton react to Manchester United's dual bid for Marouane Fellaini and Leighton Baines?
Who are Arsenal trying to sign?
Is Jose Mourinho looking at Wayne Rooney alternatives?
Pablo Osvaldo
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Southampton have signed forward Pablo Osvaldo from Roma for £15 million.
Current Saints' manager Mauricio Pochettino turned around Osvaldo's career at Espanyol. He had arrived in Spain after unsuccessful stints with Fiorentina, Lecce and Atalanta.
Osvaldo scored goals from headers against Fiorentina, Torino, Bologna, AC Milan and Genoa, so he's immense in the air.
He's technically superb, can hold up the ball and create shots for his teammates.
One issue: he's overly sensitive and lashes out when he feels his pride is being threatened.
If you wanted to draw up a list of players who are the easiest to wind up, he'd be a contender at No. 1 because he's picked up some suspensions for going bonkers.
Jose Mourinho Wants Another Striker
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Despite having Romelu LukakuFernando Torres, Demba Ba, Andre Schurrle (who rose to prominence as a centre-forward at Mainz before becoming a wide forward at Bayer Leverkusen) and Islam Feruz in the U-21 team, Jose Mourinho wants another striker.
"We will try until the last day of the transfer window to add a new player to the squad—a striker," he said, via BBC Sport. "I won't name players who belong to other clubs. We go direct to the club."
The last quote implies Mourinho could be looking at Wayne Rooney alternatives with Manchester United refusing to sell the Englishman.
Rooney coming on as an impact sub and creating two goals during the 4-1 win over Swansea City further strengthens United's stance on keeping him.
Marouane Fellaini and Leighton Baines
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Manchester United submitted a pointless £28 million joint bid for David Moyes's two former Everton players, Marouane Fellaini and Leighton Baines.
"Everton can confirm that it has received bids from Manchester United for two players," said Everton communications director Alan Myers, via The Telegraph. "Those bids were immediately rejected out of hand as derisory and insulting."
Why not submit a bid for 19-year-old Ross Barkley?
He outplayed Fellaini in the 2-2 draw against Norwich City, completing more dribbles, having a higher passing percentage and scoring a vital goal.
Yohan Cabaye
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Sky Sports reports Newcastle United have turned down Arsenal's £10 million bid for Yohan Cabaye.
It's been the story of Arsène Wenger's transfer window—strike-out, strike-out, strike-out.
Influential midfielder Mikel Arteta is injured, so the Gunners lack depth in the pivot position.
In the 3-1 loss to Aston Villa, Jack Wilshere filled Arteta's void, but Arsenal's No. 10 should be starting as a No. 10, not a No. 6.
Asking Wilshere, who's played 26 league games since the 2010-11 season, to take on added defensive responsibilities is increasing the risk of another long-term injury.
Emmanuel Frimpong, another injury-prone Arsenal midfielder, warmed the bench against Villa so he could be an outside chance to start in the following weeks—stay dench or get Frimponged!
Statistics courtesy of WhoScored.comSquawka.com and Transfermarkt.co.uk.
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0.095457 | <urn:uuid:976f3f15-e27f-4097-ba94-4f023cf7458e> | en | 0.858727 | Android RenderScript support library
A while back I wrote about RenderScript and the lack of a support library. Now Google has released the support library for RenderScript, making it a lot more accessible for a lot of developers.
Usage is really simple, just import the correct classes:
1. import*;
And target Android API 18 when building:
3. sdk.buildtools=18.1.0
There are unfortunately some limitations, but nothing that’s a real show-stopper.
“Allocation.USAGE_IO_INPUT and Allocation.USAGE_IO_OUTPUT are not currently available in the RenderScript Support Library.”
“Devices running Android 4.2 and earlier will always run their RenderScript applications on the CPU, while devices running Android 4.3 or later will run their RenderScript applications on whatever processors are available on that particular device.”
“Support Library versions have to be precompiled to support all possible platforms, there is a performance hit when running the precompiled scripts compared to runtime compilation on Android 4.3.”
Read the full details in Google’s blog post.
Android fragmentation 2013
At last year’s DroidCon in London, Robin Puthli’s talked about Device Fragmentation among Android devices. Open Signal has just posted a new visualization of device fragmentation for 2013.
Read the full article on
SQLite on Android
In the past week I started working with SQLite databases on Android.
It can be quite cumbersome to explore the data stored in the DB on an actual device. What has helped me a lot is grabbing the DB from the device and loading the SQLite DB in a third party SQLite browser / manager. This will give you a lot more flexibility on exploring the data that is stored and will also be a great help for testing your queries.
You can retrieve your database from the device using ADB:
1. adb pull /data/data/[app_package]/databases/[db_file] .
I’ve been using SQLiteBrowser to explore the DB and test my queries.
One thing I noticed is that inserting around a hundred rows took quite some time, about 350ms. I was inserting one row at a time and after some Googling on how to insert multiple rows in one query, I found an answer on StackOverflow. The suggestion was to do something like the following:
1. INSERT INTO 'tablename'
2. SELECT 'data1' AS 'column1', 'data2' AS 'column2'
3. UNION SELECT 'data3', 'data4'
4. UNION SELECT 'data5', 'data6'
5. UNION SELECT 'data7', 'data8'
After trying this approach it cut the insertion time in half near the 170ms mark, still quite slow.
Some more searching brought me to an article about “Speeding up SQLite insert operations“. What this article advises is to use transactions, an example:
1. database.beginTransaction();
2. for (...) {
3. database.insert(...);
4. }
5. database.setTransactionSuccessful();
6. database.endTransaction();
Using this technique the insertion was sped up to roughly 25ms, much better!
As an alternative to using a database, you could just store the data on disk. This works fine especially when you just use a database to store data and don’t need to sort it or do more complex queries. Even if you needed sorting, you could use the SortedMap class.
IntelliJ keyboard shortcuts
Recently I switched from Eclipe to IntelliJ and that meant getting to know IntelliJ’s keyboard shortcuts. Below is a list of the shortcuts I use most.
crtl + n = Open resource.
ctrl + f4 = Close window.
alt + [left/right arrow] = Move to the window on the left/right.
ctrl + shift + f = Find in path, i.e search in whole project.
Text operations
ctrl + d = Duplicate line.
ctrl + y = Remove line.
ctrl + shift + [up/down arrow] = Move line up / down.
ctrl + g = Navigate to line.
ctrl + shift + u = Toggle case.
ctrl + q = Quick docs (floating documentation window when having selected a class, method, member).
ctrl + f12 = Show members.
alt + f7 = Find usage.
shift + f6 = Refactor > rename.
ctrl + alt + l = Format.
ctrl + alt + [left/right arrow] = Back / Forward.
alt + insert = Generate code, i.e. constructor, getters/setters.
Global Exception handling in Android
To be able to catch any exception you may encounter that isn’t part of a try-catch-clause, you can use the Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler( Thread. UncaughtExceptionHandler ) method.
In the handler you can then perform whatever action you want. Don’t forget to call “System.exit()” though, because otherwise this won’t work!
A simple example:
1. public class SomeActivity extends Activity {
3. private static final String LOG_TAG = "SomeActivity";
5. @Override
6. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
8. Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
9. @Override
10. public void uncaughtException(Thread paramThread, Throwable paramThrowable) {
11. Log.e(LOG_TAG, "OMG! Uncaught Exception!");
12. // Without calling System.exit() this will not work.
13. System.exit(2);
14. }
15. });
16. }
17. }
For some more details have a look at “Using Global Exception Handling on android” on
To do some faster image manipulation I’ve been looking at Renderscript.
Renderscript provides a platform-independent computation engine that operates at the native level. Use it to accelerate your apps that require extensive computational horsepower.
This made it a better candidate than using the NDK with JNI. It’s also easier to maintain as an Android developer.
What I wanted to achieve is a fast way to apply Gaussian blur. Googling around will provide you plenty ways to do this in Java. It let me to a blog post about using a Convolution matrix combined with various kernels to achieve different effects. Unfortunately doing this on large images in Java is slow.
The other option was to use JNI, but I don’t feel confident enough about writing C/C++. There are, however, some libraries out there worth looking at. OpenCV and Lightbox’ PhotoProcessing for instance. But when you’re just trying to use one or two effects, this seems a bit overkill.
Last but not least is Renderscript. This is a bit more accessible than the NDK and only results in a slight loss of performance compared to using the NDK. The only requirement is Android 3+ (API level 11 and above).
If you’re looking to get started with Renderscript, Google has a good introduction and more in-depth article about the design goals of Renderscript. The Renderscript reference comes in very handy when you are writing your own scripts.
At first I was happy to find the ScriptIntrinsicBlur class, but unfortunately that one is only available from API level 17. Discarding that option, I decided to implement my own class to create a Gaussian blur effect. To start work on a fast algorithm for Gaussian blur, I had a look at how this is being done for games and came across a blog post about “Efficient Gaussian blur“. I’ve made a first (yet to be further optimized) version and tried it out, you can find the script at Github. This implementation already renders a Gaussian blur effect extremely fast. It looks great when using the emulator, but unfortunately when used on a phone it seems to produce some scanline-like side-effect.
The biggest downside of Renderscript is that it is only available on Android 3+. It does, however, look like Google is working on a compatibility library for Android 2.2. When you clone ““, there seems to be a “renderscript\v8″ folder. I tried building it using the supplied Make file, but there were some errors.
I hope the compatibility library for Renderscript arrives soon, so it can be used across a bigger range of devices.
Sending SMS
Being able to send an SMS to a device can come in really handy from time to time. Below are two methods for sending text to a device using SMS. The first is to send to a hardware device, the second to send to a virtual device on an emulator.
Hardware device
> adb shell
$ am start -a android.intent.action.SENDTO -d sms:01123123123 –es sms_body “Text to send” –ez exit_on_sent true
For more info, see “How do I send an SMS from a shell?” on Stackoverflow.
1. Open the DDMS perspective in Eclipse.
2. Under “Telephony Actions” select “SMS”.
3. Fill out “Incoming number” and “Message”.
4. Hit “Send”
For more info, see “Using DDMS” on the Android developers site.
• HTTP Client handling
• Background network I/O
• Playing server
Enable caching, it will save a lot of network traffic.
An Android device could also serve as a server (think multiplayer gaming). This could be quite complex to create, but luckily the library will probably meet most of your needs.
Custom Notifications
Today I ran into an interesting problem with custom Notifications. The following error kept on being thrown while I was testing with a Samsung Galaxy Ace phone:
“android.widget.RemoteViews$ActionException: can’t find view: …”
My custom Notification contains an ImageView and some TextViews. The image for the ImageView was being loaded from a remote server. When the image was retrieved I tried updating the Notification by modifying a clone of the original Notification I sent, calling:
1. RemoteView.setImageViewBitmap(myViewId, bitmap)
After this the app would crash. The LogCat output would then show the error above.
Having a close look at the other Notifications displayed by the phone, it turned out that ImageViews were automatically removed.
To solve the issue you have to make sure to always create a new Notification, that way your custom XML gets inflated and the ImageView is (again) accessible. | http://blog.ansuz.nl/ | dclm-gs1-115790002 | false | false | {
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0.13768 | <urn:uuid:9893b786-af29-4926-af65-e6ae7f7d62ea> | en | 0.96061 | • The Heritage Network
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Posted in Economics [slideshow_deploy]
15 Responses to President Obama Is Against A Balanced Budget
1. cejkn says:
How about we get all the healthy people in the country to work and stop giving them a free ride off the backs of the people who do work? Nooooo,,,Obama has to go right for the Social Security & Medicare money which we the people set aside for our retirement, he has no right to that.
• Evergreen says:
Everyone please See the Movie 2016 It will answer many many questions. Then decide you Vote. Also encourage your Friends and Family to see it.
Famous Quote !! And no truer words ever spoken in Americas past about Americas Future.
- Noah Webster
2. Bobbie says:
What kind of family is the president talking about? An American family that fulfills their lifes obligations under freedom and independence and responsibly within their means? Or the families he entitles to free housing, daycare, food, education, health, etc while their employment is an income of pocket change? he wants more money for his entitled, including government workers and their unions he over pays. That's why the president threatens his rightful obligations to the elderly and military and vets. There the first to go…
3. chromehawk says:
The President has no say in the Amendment process. He neither gets a veto nor a vote.
4. George Colorado says:
A key portion of the presser was where he said his $1T in cuts are achieved by freezing spending at existing levels. Not letting costs grow is a spending cut? A typical liberal argument.
5. Timo says:
Despite what your economists and others will say, there will have to be tax hikes at some point. Though there may be long-term benefits for the US from the military conflicts, defense spending appears immune from any significant spending cuts. While everyone may take a big enough hit in some way, there are always those who stand to benefit from the lowering of the majority even further. Either way it's time to make a difference for the people, and not just the highest bidders.
6. EJM says:
The President and the Senate are already violating the 1974 law (passed by a Democratic Congress) that requires them to submit and pass a budget resolution before appropriating any money. Obama is violating the law withe the actions he is taking in Libya, but again with no effect. His health care bill is clearly unconstitutional for arrogating the federal government powers far greater and more sweeping than anything even dreamed of by the founders. Not even close. The fact that it will probably be a 5-4 vote shows how far our Constitution has been degraded and rendered almost meaningless by decades of "progressive" legal opinions.
What no one has been able to tell me is what would Obama and the Senate now be doing differently even if we had a BBA in effect. Wouldn't he just ignore it as well? And dare the Congress to impeach him? Impeachment is far too political and disruptive a remedy for clearly unconstitutional actions of the executive. That is why the Balanced Budget Amendment should stipulate clearly what the consequences for breaching it are. It should include a provision forbidding any President who does not submit a balanced budget to Congress for 3 consecutive years when the nation is not in a state of war from being eligible at all to stand for election to a second term. Likewise any member of Congress for 3 consecutive Congresses who has not passed a balanced budget during those previous 6 years when the nation is not in a state of war shall be ineligible for reelection to his/her office in Congress.
This would have several advantages.
1) It is more flexible than a rigid BBA. There may be unforseen circumstances short of war which require the nation to spend over budget for a year or two.
2) It makes the consequences of disobeying it crystal clear, just as the 22nd amendment fixers the presidential term limit to 2 terms and no President would dare to violate it or he surely would be impeached.
3) The consequences and remedy are far less disruptive. Without this provision a President would provoke a constitutional and political crisis by violating the BBA, which paralyzes the country. With this provision he might get away with non-balancing temporariliy but will pay a cost to his own career that is far less damaging to the country.
4) It accomplishes a second goal of term limits for members of Congress tied to their performance. By taking an oath to the Constitution they will be essentially accepting the contract with the American people to behave responsibly. Balance the budget and you can have a career in Congress. Cannot or will not do it? You are in breach of contract and ineligible to run for reelection. We'll strike a blow against the corrupt patronage system under which Congress operates as well.
7. EJM says:
8. Milo says:
I laugh at these comments. "Obama has no right to go for the Social security or Medicare money." How is refusing to make deep cuts in these organizations "going after them"? Obama is the one protecting these right now. Republicans want massive spending cuts…where are those cuts going to come from? If you were to take Medicare, defense and Social Sec off the table that leaves about ooh 15% of the budget left to work with? Mmmk so I guess we don't need things schools, roads, NASA or the CDC. Great! But at least we won't have to increase taxes on the wealthiest 1% of this country! I also love the continued myth that government employees are living off the fat of everyone else even though they make less than any of their corporate counterparts. Where's the outrage over banker's salaries after the bailout (due to Bush totally deregulating the industry)?
• George Colorado says:
Always blame Bush. Two key contributors were the repeal of Glass-Steagall in 1999 (90-8 in the Senate, 362-57 in the House, signed by President Clinton) and the housing affordability legislation pushed by Democrats (and supported by Bush). Spending it $1T higher today than in 2007. Deficit in 2007 was $161B now $1.6T. Revenues are down about $400B from 2007 so the deficit isn't becasuse tax rates are too low. Are LaBron James and Alex Rodriguez overpaid – playing in taxpayer funded stadiumd and arenas? I wonder who has more millionaires – investment bankers or professional sports?
9. Jeshurun says:
Even Conservatives should acknowledge 'The Truth'…. While Obama and The Democrats aren't really interested in Balanced Budgets, neither are The Republicans. They had their chance, when they controlled both house of Congress, and they blew it. Why? Because the people who control both parties are fully intending to intentionally destroy America!
They don't work for us, and never have. They're working for: The Catholic Church [ The Mother Of Harlots ] and The European Union [ Babylon The Great ]! Some of us aren't stupid….
10. rubyTea says:
never mind cutting the social entitlements – how about the corporate entitlements and the tax cuts to the wealthy – I'm sick of giving my money to the wealthy and big business – Big business who have off shored – their taxes and jobs – we should triple tax products produced by american companies who have off shored their production and then sell them back to us while waving the flag in our faces – shame shame shame
• Bobbie says:
ruby Tea (pretty name,) we don't have a choice paying government, but you aren't paying anything to big businesses unless you choose and the ones that off shore their business is directly due to government overreach mandated policies and tax cuts are just closer to the gross of what the company actually earned. With the government in between us and the businesses is costing more money for government interference. Don't look to government for your security, the government will label you for their security, increase government control.
11. Dunkinlover says:
The economy will never be any better until we get Obama out of office. I am sick and tired of having to work my butt off to have to pay people to sit at home and collect food stamps and welfare…The more kids they have the more money they get a month. I have friends who work as cashier's in a supermarket. They have told me the amounts and balance's on EBT cards is amazing. Like in the THOUSANDS!! And what do they purchase. Bakery cakes, $50.00-$150.00 dollars. Crab legs, Steak. All types of seafood. Is this "right"… I feel that if they get money from the Goverment they should have to be made to buy food they have to Cook themselves.
If you want to stimulate the economy then LOWER the taxes. Not RAISE THEM. That is just plain common sense…
12. Elijah says:
Right… You do realize that the only two presidents to have struck up balanced budgets were democrats (Clinton & Jackson). Both managed to do so without a Constitutional Ammendment. I wish people like you believed in things like history, facts, and science.
| http://blog.heritage.org/2011/07/15/president-obama-is-against-a-balanced-budget/ | dclm-gs1-115810002 | false | false | {
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0.113629 | <urn:uuid:ac82869d-d017-4d76-8073-6a9333e3a3df> | en | 0.738054 | Sunday, October 17, 2010
Setting Parity on DES Keys
DES keys are 8 bytes, of which only 7 bits of each byte are used for the key. The least significant bit is used for parity and is thrown away for the actual encryption/decryption (resulting in a 56-bit key for single DES). Mostly, it seems, the parity is ignored by DES implementations, but occasionally a system using DES will check the parity and reject the key if the parity is not odd (or so Google tells me, I've never actually seen this happen). The parity bit was intended to prevent corruption or tampering with the key.
The DES parity calculation works as follows:
00001001 = 9
• for each byte, count the number of bits that are set. For the example byte above, 2 bits are set
• if the number of bits set is odd, do nothing
• if the number of bits is even, set or unset the least significant bit to make the count odd
In the example, the new value for the byte would be
00001000 = 8
Reading through Erlang's crypto support for DES and DES3, it's up to the caller to use a valid key. For example, the NIF making up crypto:des_cbc_crypt/3 is defined as:
DES_set_key((const_DES_cblock*), &schedule);
DES_ncbc_encrypt(, enif_make_new_binary(env, text.size, &ret),
text.size, &schedule, &ivec_clone, (argv[3] == atom_true));
DES_set_key() is an OpenSSL compatibility function that, in this case, is identical to DES_set_key_unchecked(). The corresponding checking function, DES_set_key_checked(), returns some information about the key: -1 (if the parity is even) and -2 (if the key is weak).
So I was curious how to go about setting the parity in a functional language. It turns out to be quite easy:
-export([set_parity/1, check_parity/1, odd_parity/1]).
set_parity(Key) ->
<< <<(check_parity(N))>> || <<N>> <= Key >>.
check_parity(N) ->
case odd_parity(N) of
true -> N;
false -> N bxor 1
odd_parity(N) ->
Set = length([ 1 || <<1:1>> <= <<N>> ]),
Set rem 2 == 1.
set_parity/1 uses a binary comprehension to read 1 byte at a time from the 8 byte key.
check_parity/1 checks whether an integer has an odd or even parity and returns the integer XOR'ed with 1 if the parity is even.
odd_parity/1 counts the bit set by using a bit comprehension to return the list of bits that are set. The modulus of the length of this list returns oddness/evenness.
To test if this is correct, we can check if a few cases (all even bits or all odd bits in a key) work and then test that a key with corrected parity produces the same cipher text as the uncorrected key:
test() ->
<<1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1>> = set_parity(<<0:(8*8)>>),
<<1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1>> = set_parity(<<1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1>>),
K1 = <<"Pa5Sw0rd">>,
K2 = set_parity(K1),
Enc = crypto:des_cbc_encrypt(K1, <<0:64>>, "12345678"),
Enc = crypto:des_cbc_encrypt(K2, <<0:64>>, "12345678"),
<<"12345678">> = crypto:des_cbc_decrypt(K2, <<0:64>>, Enc),
No comments:
Post a Comment | http://blog.listincomprehension.com/2010/10/setting-parity-on-des-keys.html | dclm-gs1-115830002 | false | false | {
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0.038598 | <urn:uuid:b9ec834f-13b9-41b9-ae7d-d4b63cc1e3d9> | en | 0.902031 | Key to Strong Bones Is a Mood Chemical Made in the Gut
By Nina Bai | November 26, 2008 5:46 pm
stomachA hormone produced in the gut appears to limit bone formation, scientists report in Cell [subscription required]. The hormone, serotonin, is the same one produced by the brain to regulate mood, learning, and sleep, but the new study finds that serotonin produced by the gut has an entirely separate function. Mice engineered to produce extra serotonin formed weak bones, while mice engineered to produce less serotonin developed extra-strong bones. The research, though still basic, suggests new avenues of osteoporosis research in humans. “It’s what you’d call a landmark study,” Bjorn Olsen [a Harvard cell biologist who was not involved with the study] says. “It opens new doors” [Science News].
Although serotonin produced by the gut makes up 95 percent of the body’s serotonin, its function had not been well understood. The connection between serotonin and bone formation revealed itself through two types of rare human diseases, both involving the gene Lrp5. People with one mutation produced less Lrp5 protein, developing fragile bones and blindness, while people with another mutation produced extra Lrp5 protein, developing unusually dense bones and resistance to osteoporosis. However, when the authors of the new study looked into the gene further, they were surprised to find that it acted not in bone cells but in cells of the gut. “We, as bone [researchers], thought of the skeleton as functioning independent of everything else,” said [Cliff Rosen, a bone biologist]. This group “asked the question, ‘could there be other regulators outside the skeleton that are regulating bone?’ and found the answer to be ‘yes.’” [The Scientist].
Using transgenic mice, the researchers showed inactivating Lrp5 caused severe osteoporosis while overactivating Lrp5 led to higher bone mass. Specifically, the researchers learned that Lrp5 blocks conversion of the amino acid tryptophan to serotonin, meaning that they could also change the density of the mice’s bones by adjusting the amount of tryptophan in their diet. Mice with inactivated Lrp5 could still produce normal bones if restricted to a low-tryptophan diet.
Osteoporosis, a disease that causes bone loss, affects 10 million Americans over the age of 50. But most existing treatments only prevent further bone loss without increasing the formation of new bone. The discovery could have enormous implications, osteoporosis experts say, because there is an urgent need for osteoporosis treatments that actually build bone [New York Times]. Since the Lrp5 gene doesn’t affect serotonin production in the brain and serotonin produced in the gut cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, it would be an attractive drug target. Senior author Gerard Karsenty hopes to find a new drug that depresses the gut’s serotonin synthesis and stimulates bone growth in these patients [New York Times].
Related Content:
DISCOVER: Menopause and Bone Loss
DISCOVER: Osteoporosis Hits Men Too
DISCOVER: Osteoporosis and Bears , scientists studying bears discover a hormone that promotes bone growth
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| http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/2008/11/26/key-to-strong-bones-is-a-mood-chemical-made-in-the-gut/ | dclm-gs1-115860002 | false | true | {
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0.02301 | <urn:uuid:6cffb180-fd2c-4085-aa43-ebf5c7e394bf> | en | 0.777619 | What Ahn Says About North Korea
• DPRK’s nuclear weapons and apparent irrationality are keeping the Japanese at bay.
• Cleo you are an idiot.
• Got to laugh at how sanctions are actually keeping people N.Koreans in the dark. Hey, U.S.A., maybe it’s time we actually let some computers get into their hands? You know, their people having the internet, it might help. I know, it’s a crazy idea to a politician, but trust me on this one.
• 영어로 글을 써 본적이 없어 한글로 적습니다. 죄송합니다.
한국의 시사문제에 대한 “날카로운 비판과 통찰”을 제시한다고 하는데
전혀, 전혀 아닌데요..
“안철수의 생각” 159쪽 마지막 문장은 번역하지 않았네요.
대한민국의 전반적인 민감한 사안들에 대해 “대화”로
풀이해 놓은게 이 책이에요. 현재 이 책을 열광적으로 대한민국 국민들이
읽고 있는데 대한민국 국민을 모두 “바보”라고 생각하시나요?
“국제문제”, “경제성장”에 대한 언급이 전혀 없다고 하는데
제대로 좀 읽어 보세요… 제에발,,,,,(제발)
• @sigh
Yes, because we all know the regime would be absolutely thrilled to hand over communication devices and free reign of the internet to everyone so they can find out just how destitute, impoverished, and insane their country really is. They could find out just how big of a lie the Kim dynasty has spun for the last 60 years. Yeah, that would help the elite.
You know, I think we should also introduce the second amendment as well, and send over handguns. I’m sure the elite in North Korea would welcome that with open “arms” as well.
Add a Comment
| http://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/07/20/what-ahn-says-about-north-korea/tab/comments/ | dclm-gs1-115890002 | false | false | {
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0.768748 | <urn:uuid:805c845e-64f6-474f-8189-8ee17fe558a4> | en | 0.980834 | You do have a way of leaving chaos in your wake.
i just got back from seeing frozen, it was such a cute and enjoyable movie! and now let it go is stuck in my head… :)))
I’ve never understood why people have to become brats when they become successful. I think you should work harder when you become more successful because people are expecting more from you. Success doesn’t mean that you’re allowed to work less and treat people like shit. I’m not really supposed to say shit. Now I’ve gone and said it twice. | http://carstairs.tumblr.com/ | dclm-gs1-115900002 | false | false | {
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0.020124 | <urn:uuid:940b06cc-01d2-4aa5-9537-a1a76237fa1e> | en | 0.97025 | A Teacher’s Thoughts on the Assembly’s Budget
I stood in the kitchen.
* * *
* * *
* * *
* * *
Teach on.
Members of the General Assembly,
22 thoughts on “A Teacher’s Thoughts on the Assembly’s Budget
1. As a 40 year veteran of this system, I am heartened to see someone with as much passion for teaching as I have fought to maintain. Please stay the course the children of our state deserve you and many more like you. THANK YOU
2. We are voting! Last time, we voted for a former teacher in hopes that she would improve the conditions for for education. One of the first acts of her administration was to take monet from our paychecks to balance the budget! When that didn’t work, we voted for someone who promised to make it better. What is a citizen to do?
• It’s not so much the governor because really the members of the general assembly make the decisions. Our last governor did try to make changes but the assembly refused to pass them. Her hands were tied. It’s them we need to get rid of…
3. Thank you. I am a retired teacher and I can not believe what has happened. This is a dark time for students and educators. Monday we need to be in Raleigh marching with NCAE.
4. I value the wonderful, professional teachers we have, and definitely think that cuts should be made elsewhere first, BUT keep in mind that I as a small business owner pay my own insurance (as well as my employees’) and retirement plan (when/if I can afford one), make less per hour than teachers (yes, we also work many more hours than the sign on the door says) haven’t had a pay raise in years either, thanks to the poor economy, and on and on it goes. Do I feel unappreciated or de-valued? And what other profession enjoys the benefits of tenure, anyway? Personally, I wish the government would step in and bail me out when I have a “down” business year like they do for the farmers when their crops are ruined. I would honestly be all for paying higher wages to keep good teachers here in NC, but that’s really not the problem, anyway. The education SYSTEM has way too much money as it is — it’s just being spent on administration and testing, not teaching. And that won’t change even if we put more money into the budget. They need to get rid of Common Core, most of the testing, all of these IEPs and other ridiculous pampering of our kids. We each chose the profession we’re in for one reason or other, so let me say thank you for your continued hope and passion for passing that along to our students, and please keep on keeping on like everyone else paying taxes. Like most things in life, there are others who have it much worse….
• Do you even know what the Common Core is? Why would we get rid of a curriculum that demands our students develop literacy skills across the content areas? A curriculum that requires teachers to develop higher level thinking skills by teaching students to be able to explain HOW to work through a math problem rather than to just do it by rote memorization. The time is upon us that, in order for our students to rise to the challenge of competing in what is more than ever becoming a global marketplace where borders are irrelevant, we must teach these skills. Otherwise, not only will your IT phone support person speak with an accent in the future, everyone who you ask for help will. Do you have children? Do you even care? If this budget goes into effect, your state’s educational system is DONE. Everyone who can will retire and not a soul with any sense will enter the profession. In four years there will be no teachers. Where will they come from? Virginia? No, not going to take a pay cut to come here and teach. South Carolina, Tennessee? They wont either. Oh, that’s right. By then, we’ll be at the bottom of the pay scale. NO ONE will come here to teach. Where will that leave the schools?
• This is a well-reasoned and balanced response to the proposed cuts to eduction, but I find myself getting hung up on your likening of farm aid to private business. Agriculture needs subsidies simply because food is a staple we cannot live without and bad crop years would derail the country economically without intervention. You didn’t state what your business is, but unless it’s a service or product as vital as crops, the two aren’t comparable. Education, on the other hand, is something we require all of our children to go through and therefore is vital. A basic principle of manufacturing is that the more time and resources are devoted to manufacturing a product, the higher the quality will be. The costs will be increased, but the alternative is to pump out acceptable-quality products quickly at low price, which is what I liken the recent legislation on the education budget to be.
Otherwise, I do believe that education administration is costing much more than it should and most standardized testing is useless. Thanks for the debate and good luck with your business.
5. As a 68 year old retired teacher with a daughter who has tenure and has passed the “boards” ( a national certification), I am not surprised at all.. They have played games with salaries and pension funds since I began teaching in 1967. Public education AND mental health always come last. Let us not let power and greed wreck our public education system.
6. All in all, very sad! EDUCATION=SMARTER VOTES!! 25 years of teaching and watching from abroad might give me a different point of view. Do they want higher level thinking and smarter citizens that stand up for their rights? Just food for thought. What is the goal? Finances? or maybe some long-term hidden agenda? But what I have learned, by observing a 14 year on-going totalitarian revolution in my country….. a squeaky wheel and a big group of people does stop a movement, at least buying you some time, if not a real change. And as a recent example in the US Zimmerman and Trayvon case. Even the President made an appearance after a big number of citizens protested! But alas, in my country we`ve lost that right and many others, so don`t wait to let your voices be heard! Think of Horton and the Who, and it´s not only your state, it´s happening in your entire country!!!!
7. I too am a teacher. I teach kindergarten! I LOVE my job. I love seeing eyes light up with understanding and smiles widen with each success. I will teach on in spite of the disrespect being shown by those who should be our greatest supporters. I will teach on because these children are the future of our state and our nation. I will teach on because the people making these decisions don’t know what I do everyday. They don’t see the promise I see when I look into the eyes of a child. So, bring it on.
8. As a teacher I could not have said it better! Teachers need to not give up, but push on and fight…not just for themselves, but for their students and future generations.
9. I left the teaching profession because it was difficult to afford to pay for my groceries each month. My heart goes out to those that are still in the profession. May you prevail and don’t forget the best rewards in teaching are from the students. Unfortunately it is not being able to afford a decent living or having enough money to pay for your groceries each month.
10. I am at the intern stage of a Master’s of Instructional Technology. I understand how you are feeling about this.
11. We support you in WI. Our Governor and state legislature has been attacking public education here boldly for that past three years. I pray that the students we have had over the years will rise up as adults and put an end to these attacks before education has deteriorated so badly that only the top 10% of the population who can afford private schooling get anything resembling an education.
12. State to state…no raises, no professional respect, fewer and fewer entering into the field. The private prep school students are the ones getting an education. The rest are being encouraged by the teachers, but the continual creation of an underclass continues.
13. The wife’s comment of, “Basically, if you do a good job, you get to teach another year.” is how the rest of the world works. I commend those who do teach, but in many cases, there are many who do not teach, but do what they can do to get by. I have seen the people who posted this chart showing that it takes a teacher 19 years to get what the average McDonald’s manager makes. Look at the hours that McDonald’;s managers work and ask them how they like their summers off. Also, look at how much of their pay is bonuses. If they do not do the job, they don’t get the bonuses and probably lose their job. I do wish you could make more money, but you are a State employee and if the State does not have the money, they can’t pay it. Teachers are underpaid, but you know that going into the profession. Please keep teaching and know that you are appreciated, but sympathy is not something I think you need.
Leave a Reply | http://chapelboro.com/columns/guest-column-columns/a-teachers-thoughts-on-the-assemblys-budget/?wpmp_switcher=mobile | dclm-gs1-115920002 | false | false | {
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0.14567 | <urn:uuid:98faac4d-7ba4-4bd3-985a-a576fcf4ef7b> | en | 0.97431 | HOME > Chowhound > Southwest >
Places to Dine & Dance in Phoenix -- old school ?
tastyjon Jul 12, 2006 02:52 AM
So pretend it's 1943 - I'm waxing nostalgic.
Fellows: You are on leave from the army for the weekend. Dressed up, but you don't normally wear anything formal so maybe you're not feeling perfect. No worries.
Ladies: You'd like to go to a place to meet some fellows, so you are dolled up - but it's not as formal as... a formal?
So everyone wants to go out and have a good time. Looking good, but not in tux or ballroom gear. You'd like some good grub, but don't need the best or most expensive restaurant. Rather, you want a place to eat, meet and dance. Do you see the scene?
There's a formal aspect at the table, but you can go to the bar and laugh it up with a friend. Then someone grabs your hand and pulls you in front of a lively band. You can dance all night, go back to the bar, or return to your table for a well mannered course. There's action no matter where you go.
Zoom to 2006.
Is this happening in Phoenix? Maybe not now due to the heat, but are there fun dinner/dance places in the fall? Durants is a classy old school steak house, but do they or similar places have dancing?
1. Grey Dec 7, 2006 12:53 AM
Can you dance at Avanti, in Phoenix? I've never been (and have no idea of the food?), but it's an older restaurant (for Phoenix) that often has live jazz/ piano music on the weekends. http://www.avanti-az.com/
1. a
Alice Letseat Dec 6, 2006 05:17 PM
How did I miss this? It seems to me that on occasion I have seen people dance at Drinkwater's in Scottsdale. Also, the local Swing Dance association dances every Friday at McAlpine's Grill on 7th St. AND just yesterday I had coffee (GREAT coffee and pasteles, too!) at a lovely coffehouse called Inza at Pima and Shea (Pima Crossing center) and they were promoting tango lessons and dancing!
1. silverbear Dec 5, 2006 10:28 PM
There's a new place called Skye in Peoria that claims to offer this type of experience. I haven't been there but have read a little in the local media:
1. p
phundal Dec 5, 2006 09:58 PM
I realize I'm posting late to this, but let me say, I wish what you describe existed. I'm a young'n (read: mid 30's) and didn't grow up in the post war era. But I pine for the class and elegance that is implied by such establishments.
A place where the dinner and the entertainment are blended together with a "casual" formal atmosphere. Live entertainment, maybe a mix of solo jazz singers and band, and comedians with clean respectable humor. I'd love it.
That said, most of my peers, and even more so younger than me, wouldn't be interested. But - maybe there would be a market for the baby-boomers. Who knows?
Now reality. I've been to Mastro's in Orange County California. There was a group of 8 of us, and we ate in the bar. The ambience and service was very nice (dark lighting, rich colors, Frank and Dean playing in the background, live piano singer after 8pm). Food was great (we had both seafood and steak), maybe a little more expensive than it needed to be. Definitely a great place to go if you want an "over the top" experience. And you could dance. So, somewhat on track with what you're asking for? Sadly, no where near the scale. In any case, hopefully, Scottsdale's version is similar.
1. Seth Chadwick Jul 12, 2006 03:23 AM
Durant's does not have dancing, although it is a classic restaurant. I don't know of any place that would meet your definition. Most of the dancing places I know are bars or night clubs. Mastro's in Scottsdale has a dance floor, but most of people around the dance floor are cozying up to the bar, not having dinner.
I wish I could help you further, but I haven't heard of any places that are something similar to the Rainbow Room in NYC.
1. mamamia Jul 12, 2006 03:17 AM
Sadly, I don't know of any dinner-and-dancing/supper clubs. I guess that's seen as too "old" for the young and hip of Phoenix. Every major city I've been to has options for a nice night out with dinner, drinks, and dancing.
If the Mastro's/Ocean Club bars weren't packed to the gills with those on the scene, they would be perfect since they actually have some great musicians there every night.
The only place I would venture to have something like this would be Sun City, since the older crowd really enjoys some dancing with their dinner. But you have to eat by 6pm. | http://chowhound.chow.com/topics/308640 | dclm-gs1-115930002 | false | false | {
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0.424478 | <urn:uuid:344d1836-bd9b-47ae-89c1-4f7206b4df63> | en | 0.941553 | The Daily Caller
The Daily Caller
An attack in Benghazi on 9/11? Why does that sound so familiar?
It rings a bell, but I can’t quite… Oh well. What difference, at this point, does it make?
Associated Press:
The early morning blast targeted a building that once housed the U.S. Consulate under the rule of King Idris, whom former Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi overthrew in a 1969 bloodless coup. The explosion caused no serious casualties, though several passersby were slightly wounded, officials said.
That’s a relief. Nobody was killed, so our noble, stalwart leaders don’t need to come up with a completely ridiculous excuse for it, and then lie their asses off about it for a full year and counting.
Sorry for putting “Benghazi” in another headline, Juan Williams. I know how much you hate that.
“It’s gone, baby, it’s all in your head.” Ambassador Christopher Stevens could not be reached for comment. | http://dailycaller.com/2013/09/11/an-attack-in-benghazi-on-911-why-does-that-sound-so-familiar/ | dclm-gs1-115960002 | false | false | {
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0.028426 | <urn:uuid:3ba42ae0-b047-4b14-a587-5ea9db6c89dd> | en | 0.760445 | Retrieving a Virtual Machine Image
We want to retrieve that actual raw data for a specific virtual machine image that the Glance server knows about.
We issue a GET request to http://glance.example.com/images/1 to retrieve metadata for that image as well as the image itself encoded into the response body.
x-image-meta-name Ubuntu 10.04 Plain 5GB
x-image-meta-disk-format vhd
x-image-meta-container-format ovf
x-image-meta-size 5368709120
x-image-meta-checksum c2e5db72bd7fd153f53ede5da5a06de3
x-image-meta-status available
x-image-meta-is-public true
x-image-meta-owner null
x-image-meta-property-distro Ubuntu 10.04 LTS
All timestamps returned are in UTC
image's metadata was last updated, not its image data, as all
image data is immutable once stored in Glance
There may be multiple headers that begin with the prefix
The response's `Content-Length` header shall be equal to the value of
the `x-image-meta-size` header
The response's `ETag` header will always be equal to the
`x-image-meta-checksum` value
The response's `x-image-meta-is-public` value is a boolean indicating
whether the image is publically available
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be null or which will indicate the owner of the image
The image data itself will be the body of the HTTP response returned
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0.02333 | <urn:uuid:53455228-1f4b-496d-a6c6-341d032d8ca6> | en | 0.988254 | Friday, April 01, 2011
Hamas terrorist dies in "resistance tunnel" collapse
Hamas member Hasan Abu Jaser was killed in a tunnel collapse Thursday.
The Al Qassam website said he was in a "resistance tunnel."
I don't think this is the same as a wind tunnel.
They said that he was a jihadi and died as a martyr. They need to announce that publicly or else he misses out on the virgins in the afterlife, so it is important to declare dead Hamasniks to be "shahids" as soon as possible after death. | http://elderofziyon.blogspot.com/2011/04/hamas-terrorist-dies-in-resistance.html | dclm-gs1-116080002 | false | false | {
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0.054952 | <urn:uuid:389b06de-e505-4119-861c-356deaff4ace> | en | 0.731402 | From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Achenar)
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Position Alpha Eri.png
The position of Achernar (lower right).
Observation data
Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000
Constellation Eridanus
Right ascension 01h 37m 42.84548s[1]
Declination –57° 14′ 12.3101″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 0.445[2]
Spectral type B6 Vep[3]
U−B color index −0.64[2]
B−V color index −0.17[2]
Variable type Lambda Eridani
Radial velocity (Rv) +16[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 87.00 ± 0.58[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −38.24 ± 0.50[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π) 23.39 ± 0.57[1] mas
Distance 139 ± 3 ly
(43 ± 1 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV) –2.77
Mass 6.7[5] M
Radius 7.3 × 11.4[6] R
Luminosity 3,150[6] L
Surface gravity (log g) 3.5[7] cgs
Temperature ~15,000[7] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i) 250[7] km/s
Age 1–5 × 108[citation needed] years
Other designations
α Eri, CD -57°334, FK5 54, HD 10144, HIP 7588, HR 472, SAO 232481,[8] 水委一.
Achernar (α Eri, α Eridani, Alpha Eridani), sometimes spelled Achenar, is the brightest star in the constellation Eridanus and the tenth-brightest star in the night sky. Of the ten apparent brightest stars in the nighttime sky, Achernar is the hottest and bluest in color, being of spectral type B.[nb 1] Lying at the southern tip of Eridandus, the star has an unusually rapid rotational velocity, causing it to become oblate in shape. Achernar is actually a binary star system,[5] with the second star known as Achernar B. The second star is smaller and orbits Achernar A at a distance of 6.7 astronomical units (AU). Achernar B is of spectral type A.
Physical properties[edit]
Extreme rotation speed has flattened Achernar.
Achernar is a bright, blue star with about seven times the mass of the Sun.[5] As determined by the Hipparcos astrometry satellite,[9][10] it is approximately 139 light-years (43 pc) away.[1] It is a main sequence star with a stellar classification of B6 Vep, but is about 3,150 times more luminous than the Sun. Achernar is in the deep southern sky and never rises above the horizon beyond 33°N, roughly the latitude of Dallas, Texas. Achernar is best seen from the southern hemisphere in November; it is circumpolar below 33°S.
Until about March 2000, Achernar and Fomalhaut were the two first-magnitude stars furthest in angular distance from any other first-magnitude star in the celestial sphere. Antares, in the constellation of Scorpius, is now the most isolated first-magnitude star, although Antares is located in a constellation with many bright second-magnitude stars, whereas the stars surrounding Achernar and Fomalhaut are considerably fainter.
Infrared observations of the star using an adaptive optics system on the Very Large Telescope show that Achernar has a companion star in a close orbit. This appears to be an A-type star in the stellar classification range A0V–A3V, which suggests a stellar mass of about double the Sun's mass. The separation of the two stars is roughly 12.3 AU and their orbital period is at least 14–15 years.[5]
As of 2003, Achernar is the least spherical star in the Milky Way studied to date.[11] It spins so rapidly that it has assumed the shape of an oblate spheroid with an equatorial diameter 56% greater than its polar diameter. The polar axis is inclined about 65° to the line of sight from the Earth.[6] Since it is actually a binary star, its highly distorted shape may cause non-negligible departures of the companion's orbital trajectory with respect to a Keplerian ellipse. A similar situation occurs for the star Regulus.
Because of the distorted shape of this star, there is a significant temperature variation by latitude. At the pole, the temperature may be above 20,000 K, while the equator is at or below 10,000 K. The average temperature of the star is about 15,000 K. The high polar temperatures are generating a fast polar wind that is ejecting matter from the star, creating a polar envelope of hot gas and plasma. The entire star is surrounded by an extended envelope that can be detected by its excess infrared emission.[7] The presence of a circumstellar disk of ionized gas is a common feature of Be stars such as this.[12]
Name and etymology[edit]
• The name originally comes from the Arabic آخر النهر ākhir an-nahr, meaning, "The End of the River" or "River's End". The constellation Eridanus did not originally include Achernar, due to the star's extreme southern declination, but the constellation was extended southwards in modern times.[13]
• In Chinese, 水委 (Shuǐ Wěi), meaning Crooked Running Water, refers to an asterism consisting of Achernar, ζ Phoenicis and η Phoenicis.[14]
• The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria named it as Yerrerdetkurrk.[15]
In culture[edit]
1. ^ The ten brightest stars in the nighttime sky in terms of apparent magnitude are, from brightest to least brightest, Sirius, Canopus, Alpha Centauri, Arcturus, Vega, Capella, Rigel, Procyon, Achernar and Betelgeuse
2. ^ a b c Cousins, A. W. J. (1972), "UBV Photometry of Some Very Bright Stars", Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society, Southern Africa 31: 69, Bibcode:1972MNSSA..31...69C
3. ^ Nazé, Y. (November 2009), "Hot stars observed by XMM-Newton. I. The catalog and the properties of OB stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics 506 (2): 1055–1064, arXiv:0908.1461, Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1055N, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912659
5. ^ a b c d Kervella, P.; Domiciano de Souza, A.; Bendjoya, Ph. (June 2008), "The close-in companion of the fast rotating Be star Achernar", Astronomy and Astrophysics 484 (1): L13–L16, arXiv:0804.3465, Bibcode:2008A&A...484L..13K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809765
6. ^ a b c Carciofi, A. C. et al. (March 2008), "On the Determination of the Rotational Oblateness of Achernar", The Astrophysical Journal 676 (1): L41–L44, arXiv:0801.4901, Bibcode:2008ApJ...676L..41C, doi:10.1086/586895
7. ^ a b c d Kervella, P. et al. (January 2009), "The environment of the fast rotating star Achernar. II. Thermal infrared interferometry with VLTI/MIDI", Astronomy and Astrophysics 493 (3): L53–L56, arXiv:0812.2531, Bibcode:2009A&A...493L..53K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810980
8. ^ "Achernar -- Be Star", SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), retrieved 2010-02-16
11. ^ See “Achernar the Flattest star” in ‘Sky & Telescope’ P. 20 ‘Newsnotes’, September 2003.
12. ^ Carciofi, A. C. et al. (December 2007), "Achernar: Rapid Polarization Variability as Evidence of Photospheric and Circumstellar Activity", The Astrophysical Journal 671 (1): L49–L52, arXiv:0710.4163, Bibcode:2007ApJ...671L..49C, doi:10.1086/524772
13. ^ Kaler, James B. (December 24, 1999), "ACHERNAR (Alpha Eridani)", Stars (University of Illinois), retrieved 2011-12-20
External links[edit]
Coordinates: Sky map 01h 37m 42.8s, −57° 14′ 12″ | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achenar | dclm-gs1-116130002 | false | true | {
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0.961441 | <urn:uuid:df700ff7-d02e-4cbc-b62a-988adfb80d8a> | en | 0.945337 | Tags » Landscapes
Hole-y Cross
Why do people shoot at signs? What did they do to deserve it?
Life is good...
I hate to keep being such a cliche, but I just can’t help being thankful for everyone and everything in my life when I walk outside after a delicious lunch with delicious friends to a view like this. 9 more words
The Burden
Little too much going on in this image but I like the silhouette of the man carrying the twin baskets.
Travel And Tourism | http://en.wordpress.com/tag/landscapes/ | dclm-gs1-116160002 | false | false | {
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0.033126 | <urn:uuid:d11d23e3-518a-4520-9c9b-cab123c539d6> | en | 0.978028 | Nate Silver was not alone in picking the 49ers to win the Super Bowl
Superbowl Ravens 49ers
The Baltimore Ravens defeated the San Francisco 49ers in Super Bowl XLVII and in the process they beat the odds-makers too.
Football Outsiders, Nate Silver, NFL Advanced Stats and Las Vegas all had the 49ers as favorites. That fits a pattern this NFL postseason – of apparently bad predictions.
Silver appeared on ESPN before the divisional round and predicted a Seahawks-Patriots Super Bowl. The Seahawks lost that weekend, in a close game against the Falcons. The Patriots went down the following week, to the Ravens. To be fair to Nate, he was merely reciting the Football Outsiders odds at this time.
Football Outsiders and NFL Advanced Stats, which are at the forefront of NFL analytics, had fine first rounds, Football Outsiders only missing the Bengals-Texans game and NFL Advanced Stats going perfect. In the division round, both mis-predicted the Seahawks vs Falcons and Ravens vs Broncos games. They both had the 49ers winning in the championship round, but had the Patriots winning too. Combine it all and Football Outsiders picks picked six out of 11, or were correct 55% of the time; NFL Advanced Stats was right seven out of 11, or 64%.
Vegas did better. They got all four games in the first round and all but the Broncos vs Ravens in the second round, then finished it off by going one for three in the championship round and the Super Bowl, missing the Ravens' victories. That's a 73% accuracy rating overall in postseason.
The Accuscore system, which appears on ESPN, did equally as well. It forecasted all four first-round games, missed Ravens vs Broncos and Packers vs 49ers in the second round and the Ravens vs Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, and then got the Super Bowl right.
So was this year just bad luck? It turns out that there is really nothing unique about it. Accuscore has gone 6-5 or 7-4 in the last three postseasons. Football Outsiders was within a game of this year's 6-5 record the past few postseasons as well.
Is it just that the postseason is unpredictable? No, picks during the regular season haven't been any better. AccuScore's accuracy has been bouncing within a few percentage points of 65% over the last three seasons. That happens to do a pretty good job matching Vegas as well. Basically, you would expect for the average system to do just a little better than get seven out of every 11 games correctly predicted – just like this postseason. Sometimes they do slightly better, like 8-3 in a short game span, and slightly worse, like 6-5.
The confidence trick
The key is to look at the confidence in the predictions. Take the AFC divisional round's Ravens vs Broncos match-up. NFL Advanced Stats had the Broncos as a 78% to 22% favorite. That's slightly worse than 5/1. To put that in perspective, Barack Obama had as good a chance on the final day before the election of winning Colorado and Virginia. Most experts regarded the states as toss-ups, and well-known electoral analyst Larry Sabato actually had Mitt Romney taking Virginia.
Even in the Super Bowl, confidence was not particularly high. Football Outsiders said the 49ers were "slight favorites" at 58%. NFL Advanced Stats had the 49ers to win at 62%. That's about equal to what Obama's chance was to win Florida on the day of the election. The state went back and forth and wasn't called by the networks until days after the election.
It seems to me these experts are doing a fairly good job at reflecting the uncertainty in their predictions, and it generally matches the 7-out-of-11 odds seen this postseason.
The only place where this might not be true is in game probabilities. These might be based on old data that is no longer as good as the odds suggest. NFL Advanced Stats had the Ravens as a 97% favorite when they were up 28-6 in the Super Bowl. They dropped to 46% late in the fourth quarter. That sort of turnaround is statistically unusual, in my mind. I wouldn't find that to be a big deal, except NFL Advanced Stats had the Falcons as 98% favorite in the third quarter during their divisional game with the Seahawks, which then reversed to 8% when they fell behind late in the fourth quarter. The 49ers vs Falcons game featured a similar turnaround, though in this case the initial favorite didn't come back at the end.
The NFL is not like baseball, in which we can usually predict who will win and lose. Baseball is a game of large sample sizes and is really an individual's game of batter against pitcher, even if it is a team sport of nine players on each side. The NFL is a team sport where the linebacker's actions affect the cornerbacks and the right tackle makes or misses a block for the running back. If all the parts don't work together, it all falls apart.
The NFL playoffs come down to one game. It's quite possible the 49ers might have won the Super Bowl more times than not, if the game was played over and over again. We can't project football individual game winners in a way that should give us a lot confidence. The good news is that we mostly know our confidence level. It is, in the words of Donald Rumsfeld, a known unknown.
Powered by article was written by Harry J Enten, for on Monday 4th February 2013 18.30 Europe/London © Guardian News and Media Limited 2010
image: © rmtip21
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0.037804 | <urn:uuid:c86b82bc-4f90-4ef4-9df3-bde004cbe0b0> | en | 0.968445 |
Books & Movies: Buffy Nostalgia
For as long as I can remember I have enjoyed both books and movies almost equally sometimes. The first time I remember grabbing a book because I liked a movie was in the 90s when the Buffy the Vampire Slayer movie came out (way before the cool series with Sara Michelle Gellar). It's full of 90s slang, fashion, and funny performances by actors who were no one then but have gotten much more time in the limelight since. We're talking Hilary Swank, Luke Perry, David Arquette, Kristy Swanson, and Paul Reubens (of PeeWee Herman fame/infamy). Not to mention Donald Sutherland (Kiefer's dad), Rutger Hauer, and Natasha Gregson Wagner (you know, Natalie Wood's daughter).
So Richie Tankerseley Cusick novelized the movie and it was actually very good novelization as they go. Usually when the process of book into movie is reversed to movie into book, they book is super corny but this one was pretty faithful. It's seriously funny, even if you weren't very aware of the 90s (or even there).
If you can find either the movie (which is apparently on Netflix instant watch because I'm looking at it now even as I write) or the book, I think you should definitely partake if you enjoy silly, B-level movies and fun. But if you're a die-hard Sarah Michelle-Buffy fan, don't watch or read!
Best quotes:
Kimberly: Buffy? What's your sitch? You're acting like the thing from another tax bracket.
Buffy: Great. My secret weapon is PMS. That's just terrific. Thanks for telling me.
Buffy's Mom: Bye-Bye Bobby!
Jeffrey: Bye! She thinks my name is Bobby?
Buffy: It's possible she thinks *my* name's Bobby.
What book to movie or movie to book was your favorite?
1. I loved the Buffy movie. I was at my public library's book sale yesterday and saw a ton of the Buffy books. I never read the series. I thought about buying them, but I didn't know if my 7th graders would be interested. Maybe I'll go back tomorrow. =)
New follower returning the favor. I love your blog's layout and design.
2. I'm not into novelizations of movies (although I like it the other way).
Love buffy though
3. Hey Jenny thanks for stopping by my blog Friday I appreciate it! I'm now following you as well to return the love! :) Thanks!
I've never seen or read either Buffy movie/novel but I've always wanted to!
Jessie D
4. I am sad now that I never saw this movie. I thought it would be funny, but the series was so serious.
Stopping by to say hi, and thanks for following my blog. Everything here is looking great!Fangs, Wands and Fairy Dust
twitter: @fangswandsfairy
Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger... | http://intothemorningreads.blogspot.com/2011/03/books-movies-buffy-nostalgia.html | dclm-gs1-116330002 | false | false | {
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0.733691 | <urn:uuid:9ca1d806-f3d8-4d25-a0c0-285bf5d33bd7> | en | 0.978044 | Myth #8
Top 10 Myths About the Civil War Changing the Laws Timeline
Myth #8: The Emancipation Proclamation freed all black people.
Punishing the South
Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which led to the end of slavery, on January 1, 1863. He issued it because on September 22, 1862, he had warned that if the states of the Confederacy, or South, didn't return to the Union, or North, by January 1, 1863, he would declare their slaves "forever free." The South refused to return to the Union, so Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
Emancipation means to free from bondage, the condition of a slave. Proclamation means to announce officially and publicly, or declare. This means that the Emancipation Proclamation means to free from slavery and declare it publicly.
This all happened because the North went to war with the South mainly to reunite the nation, not to end slavery. This war is also known as the Civil War. The North went to war with the South because the 11 states of the Confederacy withdrew from the Union in 1860 and 1861. The main reason they withdrew from the Union is because they feared that Lincoln would take away their right to have black slaves.
During the first half of the war, abolitionists, people who wanted to end slavery, and Union military leaders encouraged Lincoln to create a proclamation freeing the slaves. They thought that such a policy would help the North because slaves were helping the Confederacy greatly. Slaves helped by doing their master's farming and factory work which made Whites available for the Confederate Army. Lincoln once said, "if slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong," so Lincoln agreed with the abolitionists' view of slavery. He was afraid of losing the votes of non-abolitionists, though, if he fought to end slavery.
Earlier in the war, Lincoln thought that if he freed the slaves he would divide the North from the South. He feared that the four slave-owning border states, which were Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri, would withdraw from the Union if he said yes to such a policy. In the Lincoln-Douglas presidential debates in 1858, Lincoln had said that he did not want to try to end slavery in places where it already existed. When he took office as president on March 4, 1861, he repeated this saying.
Freeing Slaves to Win the War
In July, 1862, the war was going badly for the North, so Congress passed a law freeing all Confederate slaves who came into the North's lines. This helped the North by allowing the former slaves to join the Union Army and help the North win the Civil War. Around that time, Lincoln decided to try to free the South's slaves because the North was losing the Civil War, but he waited until the Union had a military victory. The reason Lincoln did this was because Secretary of State William H. Seward feared that with recent Northern military defeats the proclamation might be looked on as a "last shriek on the retreat." People might think it was a last minute desperate measure because the Union was losing. Because of this, Lincoln put the proclamation aside to await a victory. On September 17, 1862 the wait was over. In the Battle of Antietam, or Sharpsburg, Union General George B. McClellan stopped Confederate General Robert E. Lee's attack on the North. Even though Antietam wasn't prearranged, it was good enough for Lincoln's purpose.
The Abolitionists were right that the Emancipation Proclamation would help the Union win the war. It helped the Union by reinforcing the North's war effort and weakening the South's. The South was hurt by the Emancipation Proclamation because it discouraged France and Britain from entering the war. Those two countries depended on the Confederacy, or South, to supply them with cotton, so the South hoped that they would fight on their side. Most French and British citizens were against slavery, though, so when the proclamation made the war a fight against slavery, France and Britain gave their support to the Union.
At the end of the war, over 500,000 slaves had escaped to freedom. Most of the slaves worked for the armed forces as laborers, people who wouldn't fight but instead cleaned or cooked. They also joined the Union Army or Navy. Approximately 200,000 black sailors and soldiers helped the North win the war.
The Emancipation Proclamation didn't free any slaves at the time it was issued. It was issued only because Lincoln told the South that if they didn't return to the Union by January 1, 1863 their slaves would be free forever. Lincoln didn't actually have the power to free the slaves in the South because it was not under his control. The Emancipation Proclamation wasn't issued just to help free the slaves, but to help the North win the war. Fortunately, this strategy worked and when the Civil War ended, the Emancipation Proclamation finally began to free slaves.
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0.341359 | <urn:uuid:28e29b6e-7849-48b5-a9f5-5b8e17cfcf6d> | en | 0.895645 | Sales Toll Free No: 1-800-481-2338
Rotation Matrix to Quaternion
TopRotation matrix is normally used in linear Algebra. It can be defined as a matrix which can be used to find rotation in Euclidean space. As following matrix will rotate the points in anticlockwise direction by an angle 'θ' about the origin in Cartesian plane of Cartesian coordinate system.
Orientations and rotations of objects in 3D are represented by Unit quaternions. For this orientation Euler angles are not suitable since they are not easier as compared to unit quaternions in formulating problem of gimbal lock.
Unit quaternions are more efficient and stable as compared to that of rotation matrices.
Unit quaternions has use in field of computer graphics, robotics molecular dynamics and orbital mechanics of satellites. If we want to represent the rotation then unit quaternions can be called rotation quaternions. Rotation quaternions are also known as versors.
Let’s try to understand Rotation Matrix to quaternion conversion and vice versa. When unit quaternions are used to show an structure or orientation, they can be called as orientation quaternions. Orientation quaternions can also be stated as attitude quaternions. If we want to represent any rotation in 3D space then there are two parameters mainly required which are: 1) Axis vector and 2) Angle of rotation.
Quaternion rotation can be constructed using the formula:
q = exp 1/2 (θ) (pxi + pyi + pzi) = cos (½) θ + (pxi + pyj + pzj) sin (½) θ,
Where 'θ' is defined as angle of rotation and (px, py, pz ) is the rotation vector that represents the Axis of Rotation. Here for unit quaternion q = (m, a, b, c), equivalent left handed 3×3 rotation matrix will be:
Above matrix is showing a conversion from quaternion to a 3×3 rotation matrix. | http://math.tutorcircle.com/precalculus/rotation-matrix-to-quaternion.html | dclm-gs1-116460002 | false | true | {
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0.038992 | <urn:uuid:a90a32e5-1115-42b7-b0c2-0551453feac1> | en | 0.864564 | Math Celebrity Home
Budget Line Equation
Click here to visit the calculator or click the Calculator Folder Tab above
If you have two goods, x and y, each with a respective price, which follows the budget line, you can use this calculator to determine
any one of the five budget line items with the equation below.
I = Qx x Px + Qy x Py
where I = Total Income of the Consumer
Px = Price of item x.
Qx = Quantity of item x
Py = Price of item y.
Qy = Quantity of item y
EXAMPLE: Let's say you want to figure out how much income you need to buy 2 shirts at 5 dollars each and 3 pants at 6 dollars each. You would press the Calculate Income. Then you would enter 2 for quantity of x, 5 for price of x, 3 for quantity of y, and 6 for price of y and Press Calculate. Your answer is 28. | http://mathcelebrity.com/budgetline.php?gtype=I | dclm-gs1-116470002 | false | false | {
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0.39291 | <urn:uuid:3d309a87-a2aa-4433-8aa4-9a00edc39631> | en | 0.957529 |
The white series addresses the process of perception beyond the borders of visibility and its organic deposit. Consciousness as the capacity of orientation in relation to space, time and identity entrenches itself in the segments of the images in the form of grey or white substance. Mere relations among shadows generate a difference and thus shape the world as a space of mental concentration.
Galerie koal has also featured Biesold’s black series of paintings, which are just as impressive.
You may also enjoy...
1. GREAT DETAILS!! :) love them all so precise and colorful | http://minimalissimo.com/2012/09/daniel-biesold/ | dclm-gs1-116510002 | false | false | {
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0.067493 | <urn:uuid:5d738f55-959a-4739-849d-5b2d1c9c3ee3> | en | 0.954536 | 19 March 2011
Why music is haram?
Evidence that Music is Haram
1. Allah said, what translated means, "And of mankind he who purchases idle talks to mislead (people) from the Path of Allah without knowledge, and takes it (the Path of Allah) by way of mockery, For such there will be a humiliating torment." [31:6].
Al-Wahidi (RadiyAllahu`anhuma), along with other scholars of Tafsir (explaining the Qur'an), said that "Idle Talk" in this Ayah is singing. The following companions gave this Tafsir: Ibn Abbas, Ibn Masud, Mujahid and Ikrimah (RadiyAllahu`anhum). Ibn Masud (RadiyAllahu`anhu) said, "By Allah, whom there is no God except Him, idle talk is singing."
2. The Prophet (SallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam) said (which means), "From among my followers there will be some people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of silk, the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as lawful. And there will be some people who will stay near the side of a mountain and in the evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask them for something, but they will say to him, 'Return to us tomorrow.' Allah will destroy them during the night and will let the mountain fall on them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys and pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection." [Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 69, Number 494v].
This Hadeeth states that musical instruments are Haram, and there is no disagreement among the scholars on this. In his book, Ighathat Al-Lahfan, Ibn Al-Qayyim (Rahimullah) said, "When the Prophet (SallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam) said, 'render as lawful,' he meant that it was unlawful, then the people made it lawful."
3. Abu Hurayrah (RadiyAllahu`anhu) narrated that the Prophet (SallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam) said, what translated means, group of this nation will be transformed into monkeys and swine." They said, "Do not they testify that there is no god except Allah and that Muhammed is His Messenger?" He said, "Yes. And also they fast pray and perform Hajj." They said, "Then, what is their problem?" He said, "They use musical instruments, drums and female singers. (One day) they will go to sleep after a night of drinking and having fun, In the morning, they will be transformed (by Allah) into monkeys and swine." [Iughathat Al-Lahfan].
4. Allah said, criticizing the Kuffar's worship around the Kaa'bah, what translated means, "Their prayer at the House (Kaa'bah) was nothing but Muka'an and Tasdiyah." [Surah Al-Anfal 8:35]. Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar, Atiyyah, Muj ahid, Ad-Dhahh'ak, AlHasan and Qatadah (RadiyAllahu`anhum) said that Muka'an means whistling, and that Tasdiyah means clapping of hands.
Sayings of the Scholars Regarding Music
Imam Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimullah) said, "Listening to music and sinful fun are among what strengthens the satanic ways the most. This is exactly what the disbeliever's used to do. Allah said, And their prayer at the House (of Allah) was nothing but Muka 'an and Tasdiyah. [8:35]. Ibn Abbas, ibn Umar and others (RadiyAllahu`anhum) said that Tasdiyah is clapping of hands, and that Muka'an is whistling. This was the Mushrikeen's way of worship. The Prophet (SallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam) and his companions (RadiyAllahu`anhum) worshipped Allah, according to His order, in their prayer, reading the Qur'aan and Dhikr (supplication). It never occurred that the Prophet (SallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam) and his companions (RadiyAllahu`anhum) gathered to listen to singing that is accompanied by clapping or using drums."
Imam Ibn Taymiyyah (Rahimullah) also said regarding the person, whose habit is to listen to music, "His state of emotions becomes less passionate when he hears the Qur'aan. On the contrary, when he listens to instruments of the devil (music), he dances a lot. If the prayer is established, he either prays while sitting down or performs it as fast as when the roaster picks seeds. He dislikes listening to the Qur'aan and does not find beauty in it while reciting it. He has no taste for the Qur'aan and feels no love for it or pleasure when it is read. Rather, he finds pleasure if he listens to Mukaa' or Tasdiyah. These are satanic pleasures and he is among those whom Allah mentioned in the Ayah, And whosoever turns away from the remembrance of the Most Beneficent (Allah), We appoint for him Satan to be a companion for him. [43:36]." [Awliyaa' Ar-Rahman].
Imam Ibn Al-Qayyim (Rahimullah) said, "Of the tricks of the enemy of Allah, Satan, that he uses to trap those who do not enjoy much intelligence, knowledge or sincerity in religion, are Mukaa' and Tasdiyah. These people of ignorance listen to and use musical instruments that are prohibited and which lead the hearts to abandoning the Qur'aan. These hearts are indulging in sin and disobedience of Allah. Music, then, is Satan's Qur'aan and the barrier between one and Allah. It is the way to sodomy and adultery. With it, the lover finds what he seeks and dreams of sinful love. Satan has trapped the weak hearts in the love of singing and made it beautiful to them. Satan reveals to his agents' fake proofs that they use as evidence to the beauty of singing. These people accept Satan's revelation and, as a consequence, abandon the Qur'aan. When you witness them while listening, you will find them silent in humbleness, sitting idle and their hearts are concentrating and totally enjoying music and singing. Their hearts will feel closer to music, as if they were drunk. They dance and move in a suggestive manner, like faggots and whores. And why not? They are drunk with the pleasure of listening to music and singing and act accordingly. For other than Allah, and for Satan, there are hearts that are being broken by sin, and fortunes that are being spent for other than Allah's Pleasure. They spend their lives in joyful fun and make a mockery of their religion. Instruments of the devil are sweeter to their ears than the Qur'aan. If one of them listens to the Qur'aan from beginning to end, it will have little effect or excitement on him. If Satan's Qur'aan is being performed and heard, they feel joy in their hearts and one can see it in their eyes. Their feet dance, their hands clap, their breathing intensifies and the rest of their bodies feel joy. O you who are trapped in this sin, you who have sold your share of Allah to Satan, what a losing deal! Why not feels this joy when you listen to the Qur'aan? Why not feel pleasure and comfort when the Glorious Qur'aan is recited? But, everyone seeks what he feels is suitable for him, and ends up with what is really suitable for him." [Ighathat Al-Lahfan].
Sheikh Abdulaziz bin Baz (Rahimullah) was asked about listening to music and songs, "Is it Haram? I only listen to it for pleasure. What about playing the Rababah (a kind of guitar) and old songs? What about using drums in weddings?"
Sheikh Ibn Baz said, "Listening to music is Haram and a sin. It is a matter that leads to weakening the hearts and abandoning the Dhikr of Allah and the prayer. The scholars said about the Ayah, And of' mankind he who purchases idle talks [31:6], that idle talks means singing. Abdullaah ibn Masud (Radiyallaahu`anhu), the Prophet's (Sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam) companion, used to swear by Allah that it is singing. If singing is accompanied by the Rababah, 'Ud (Arabic guitar), fiddles or drums, it is even more Haram. Any singing with any instrument is Haram and the scholars are unanimous on this. Therefore, Muslims must be aware of it. The Prophet (Sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam) said, "From among my nation there will be those who render as lawful adultery, silk (for men), AI-Khamr (alcohol) and musical instruments." [Al-Bukhari]. I advise you and others to read the Qur'aan and keep remembering Allah. I advise you to listen to Qur'aanic programs on the radio. This way, one will find pleasure and will keep busy so he can stay away from music and songs. As for weddings, the Daff (tambourine) can be used along with innocent singing that does not call to sin. This can be done at night, only in weddings and only by and for women. These songs are a way of announcing an Islaamic marriage. The Sunnah of the Prophet ((Sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam)) supports the above. As for the drums, they are Haram all the time. The Daffs permitted in weddings and only for and by women."
Sources: Taken from Muslim Creed A monthly Publication of 'The Daar of Islamic Heritage'
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1 comment:
1. there is no disagreement among the scholars on this????
You shameful liars and destroyers of Islam?
May Allah protect Islam from you! | http://mohamedshafiu.blogspot.com/2011/03/why-music-is-haram.html | dclm-gs1-116520002 | false | false | {
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0.080849 | <urn:uuid:1b197f6b-054b-4bc6-b39e-f7c366d52988> | en | 0.985288 | Venomous scorpion found 4000 miles from home by inquisitive dog
Florida bark scorpion found by dog in Hamilton.
Scorpion: The insect was found in Hamilton, Lanarkshire.
An inquisitive dog stumbled upon a venomous scorpion in Lanarkshire thousands of miles from its natural home.
The eight-year-old female westie named Skye found the insect outside her owner’s Hamilton home on Wednesday.
According to the Scottish SPCA, the Florida bark scorpion may have been unknowingly brought from its native America in someone’s suitcase as they came to Scotland.
The animal welfare charity said Skye’s owner had managed to contain the young insect in a plastic tub with air holes, while a new home is now being sought for it while it is being cared for Glasgow Animal Rescue and Rehoming Centre at Cardonald.
Animal rescue officer Ashley Griffin said: "The man who found this scorpion wasn't fazed at all and was able to contain it without any trouble, which is pretty remarkable as I'd imagine most people would have panicked. Skye definitely deserves a lot of credit for alerting her owner as it's a small scorpion which could easily have come to harm.
"Florida barks aren't deadly although, if bitten, the pain could vary from that of a bee-sting to intense inflammation and sickness. They are used to heat so it would have been enjoying the warm weather we've had this week but wouldn't have survived for long as the temperatures dropped at night.
"As they're native to Florida and very common there, it's likely someone has brought this creature back in their suitcase without realising. However, the man who found it hadn't been on holiday recently so we don't think it has come from inside his house.”
She added: "It's around three centimetres at the moment, indicating it's quite young as an adult can reach up to four inches long. We're hopeful we'll soon be able to find this scorpion a home with an experienced and knowledgeable owner where it can receive the care it needs."
People who read this story also read
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0.093578 | <urn:uuid:9ed81652-4005-4ec5-be36-97b552a11567> | en | 0.968124 | Activists target petrol stations
Environmental campaigners have targeted Shell petrol stations over the company's plans to drill for oil in the Arctic.
Greenpeace activists are hoping to shut off petrol to at least 12 petrol stations in Edinburgh.
Around 100 petrol stations in London will also be targeted by the group's protest.
The first station targeted was the Shell garage in Edinburgh's Dalry Road, where they attempted to scale the roof.
Lothian and Borders Police confirmed five people suspected to have committed public order offences had been arrested at the Shell station. A spokesman said protests were also under way at Shell petrol stations in the Seafield and Maybury areas of the city.
A Greenpeace spokesman said the five arrested had been chained to the petrol pumps. A further two remained on the roof, the spokesman added. He said a handle attached to the main switch had been removed by protesters and posted to Shell's headquarters.
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0.022928 | <urn:uuid:8295958e-bd3f-407e-9135-7b45dbbe6c03> | en | 0.965538 | Microsoft Will Make A Major Announcement On Monday
MICROSOFT is inviting the media to an event on Monday where it will announce something.
We are afraid that is all we have for now. The company said it will hold an event on Monday, and we assume that while there someone will take to a stage, it could be Steve Ballmer, and say something. After this people, cynics might suggest stooges, could whoop and clap. We just don’t know.
Microsoft did have a statement of sorts about a potential Yammer purchase when we asked it this morning, but its PR team seems to have withdrawn its head like a smacked turtle since we pushed for more detail on this event.
The Associated Press, which apparently is invited, has an oblique email that urges it to attend the event in Los Angeles, and adds, “This will be a major Microsoft announcement – you will not want to miss it.”
As it will be held in LA the easy assumption to make is that Microsoft will announce something to do with films and movie streaming.
It does some of this on the Xbox with Zune, where you can buy and rent films and new releases, but it could be an addition. Maybe it will buy Netflix? At this stage we can suggest just about anything.
Some money could be placed on suggestions that Microsoft is setting up its own film company, Clipxar for example, and is about to force the animated adventures of a paperclip on the public.
Alternatively, it could produce Microsoft friendly takes on the classics, like Rise of the Planet of the Gates, or Steve Ballmer and the Temple of Doom. | http://omgghana.com/microsoft-will-make-a-major-announcement-on-monday/ | dclm-gs1-116620002 | false | false | {
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0.607599 | <urn:uuid:733b9a89-dc07-44e9-897c-c6c10302198a> | en | 0.962142 | Tuesday, 9 September 2008
Why is there Sugar in my Chicken?
Why is there Sugar in my Chicken (Part 1)
Sugar in my Chicken Part 2: Marks and Spencer Respond
Marks and Spencer Chicken - They Respond Once More
Marks and Spencer Chicken - the Final Word (Part 4)
M&S responded a few days later:
Please explain and I promise to leave you alone.
Dear Marks and Spencer,
Here is my suggestion:
1. More potential consumers of the product
I look forward to publishing your views on this suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
I will post their response if and when it arrives.
See Also:
Sugar in my Chicken Part 2: Marks and Spencer Respond
Marks and Spencer Chicken - They Respond Once More
Marks and Spencer Chicken - the Final Word (Part 4)
We're all Junkies
Why (Refined) Sugar is Bad: Some References
Chris - Zen to Fitness said...
This is great, well done for getting in touch with M&S about the matter....I have noticed that most pre-packed and pre-cooked meats contain high levels of salt I can see why they do this (preservative) but they have no excuse to be loading the stuff with sugar, its probably to make it more palatable to our carb obsessed nation....
Anonymous said...
Is it Free Range?
Methuselah said...
Anon - the one in the photo, yes. The stuff M&S sells, not as far as I know....
Scott Kustes said...
Methuselah, good work on contacting M&S. I recall checking the label of deli-made deviled eggs back in the day and seeing "high fructose corn syrup". Now, I'm no deviled egg expert, having never made them myself. But as I recall from watching my mom make them throughout childhood, it's eggs, a bit of mayo and mustard, and that's about it. I don't recall Mom ever adding HFCS.
And I have to say one thing in regards to the first sentence: GAH! I can't stand misuse of the word "myself". It's become darn near epidemic of people trying to sound smarter than they are, yet sounding incredibly dumb.
Scott Kustes
Modern Forager
Methuselah said...
Scott - always good to find a fellow stickler for correct grammer! The same problem exists with the word 'yourself' as you are no doubt aware. I am daily confronted with this misuse at work and people often wonder why I have developed a wry smile in a meeting for no apparent reason.
You may also notice the equally glaring grammatical error in Mike Rogers' response in part 2, where he misuses the word 'whilst'...
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0.020747 | <urn:uuid:22f6fd67-f590-4578-bd60-59d8b6ccb35e> | en | 0.944993 | This morning’s reading on capacity utilization and industrial production shows that the recovery in the USA remains very weak. The Fed reports:
This is one of the better broad indications of economic growth. The lumpy growth in recent months is consistent with much of the weak data we’ve been seeing lately. Historically, the 80% level has signaled a healthy and robust economy. And while a quick glance at the historical data might show that we’re not far from that level, we’re actually closer to past recession lows than the 80% range.
This isn’t your average recovery….It’s built upon a much weaker foundation where the balance sheet recession lurks. If these cries for austerity take hold in the coming years and we convince ourselves that we are Greece we are going to be having a conversation almost as bad – the one comparing us to Japan.
Cullen Roche
More Posts - Website
Follow Me:
1. Government spending must be radically changed to stimulate investment, innovation and productivity–not fear, retrenchment, inefficiency and inactivity. The tax structure must support this.
We need a brilliant leader who understands this. Where is he or she?
MMT needs help with marketing. Cullen, could you blog about that?
2. But Cullen, would you not agree the $ trillion stimulus unfocused and wasteful as it was makes another one more unlikely?
People don’t trust government to generate “a brilliant leader who understands this”. Brilliance is unelectable!
• Brilliance is easily electable, it’s who the brillance is intending to serve that may make someone unelectable.
3. If the vast majority, for example, don’t even know who Geithner is, how would they know someone is ‘brilliant’?
4. Do what we did in Australia during the GFC – Give several rounds of $1000 cheques to everyone to go buy LCD tv’s, build a whole bunch of useless million dollar school infrastructure, Give people free housing insulation (which resulted in a lot of houses burning down), and a whole bunch of other useless crap nobody needed..
Straight through the GFC without unemployment so much as reaching 6%… Theres some MMT proof for yee | http://pragcap.com/capacity-utilization-indicative-of-weak-economy/comment-page-1 | dclm-gs1-116670002 | false | false | {
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0.040943 | <urn:uuid:e9765d5b-7346-425f-a4ca-7f4f6414e777> | en | 0.942577 | Psychology Wiki
Anima and animus
34,081pages on
this wiki
Redirected from Animus
It can be identified as the totality of the unconscious feminine psychological qualities that a male possesses; or the masculine ones possessed by the female. The anima is an archetype of the collective unconscious and not an aggregate of a man's mother, sisters, aunts, and teachers though these aspects of the personal unconscious can 'contaminate' the archetypes.
The Latin root of animus is cognate with Greek anemoi (wind), breath and Sanskrit aniti (he breathes). The root of these and a related cluster of concepts affirms the declaration of Thales: "Everything is full of gods." See psyche, zodiac.
In Italian, Spanish and Catalan, anima is most closely translated as "soul", while in Latin, animus and anima may both be translated as "soul" or "mind", depending on context.
In the book The Invisible Partners it is said that the key to controlling one's anima (animus) is to recognize it when it manifests and exercise our ability to discern the anima (animus) from reality.[citation needed]
Levels of anima developmentEdit
The first is Eve, named for the Genesis account of Adam and Eve. It deals with the emergence of a male's object of desire, yet simultaneously generalizes all females as evil and powerless.
The third phase is Mary, named for the Christian theological understanding of the Virgin Mary (Jesus' mother). At this level, females can now seem to possess virtue by the perceiving male (even if in an esoteric and dogmatic way), insomuch as certain activities deemed consciously unvirtuous cannot be applied to her.
The fourth and final phase of anima development is Sophia, named for the Greek word for wisdom. Complete integration has now occurred, which allows females to be seen and related to as particular individuals who possess both positive and negative qualities. The most important aspect of this final level is that, as the personification "Wisdom" suggests, the anima is now developed enough that no single object can fully and permanently contain the images to which it is related.
Levels of animus developmentEdit
Stop hand
This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims.
Jung focused more on the male's anima and wrote less about the female's animus. Jung believed that every woman has an analogous animus within her psyche, this being a set of unconscious masculine attributes and potentials. He viewed the animus as being more complex than the anima, postulating that women have a host of animus images while the male anima consists only of one dominant image.
Jung stated that there are four parallel levels of Animus development in a female,[1] but only named stage one and three of the animus individuation process: the athlete/muscleman/thug and the professor/cleric — "the planner" and "the guide" are used here for the convenience of the reader. For the former, due to Jung's explanation that "[it] provides a woman with initiative and the capacity for planned action"; and the latter, by him noting that "[i]n mythology, this aspect of the animus appears as Hermes, messenger of the gods; in dreams he is a helpful guide."
The athleteEdit
Also referred to as the thug or the muscleman, Jung described it as the embodiment of physical power.
The plannerEdit
This stage embodies the capacity for independence, planned action, and initiative.
The professorEdit
Also referred to as the cleric, it embodies "the Word."
The guideEdit
Like "Sophia," this is highest level of mediation between the unconscious and conscious mind.
Anima and animus comparedEdit
The four roles are not identical with genders reversed. Jung believed that while the anima tended to appear as a single female, the animus usually consisted of multiple male personalities. The process of Animus development deals with cultivating an independent and non-socially subjugated idea of self by embodying a deeper word (as per a specific existential outlook) and manifesting this word. To clarify, this does not mean that a female subject becomes more set in her ways (as this word is steeped in emotionality, subjectivity, and a dynamicism just as a well developed Anima is) but that she is more internally aware of what she believes and feels, and is more capable of expressing these beliefs and feelings.
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
• The Invisible Partners: How the Male and Female in Each of Us Affects Our Relationships by John A. Sanford (Paperback - Jan 1, 1979)
External linksEdit
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0.018772 | <urn:uuid:46a2f7c4-7b33-429d-b626-efa602622f43> | en | 0.899855 | new deals
Created by brookee816
16 terms
federal emergency relief act
provided to state relief agencies
civil works administration
provided federal jobs in buildings and improving roads an public facilities
tennessee valley authority
provided hydroelectric power, flood control, and recreational opportunities to the Tennessee River Valley and surrounding areas
home owners loan corporation
provided low cost mortgage refinancing to homeowners facing foreclosure
civillan conservation corps
provided jobs to young, unmarried men to work on conservation and resource development projects
public works administration
sponsored massive public works projects such as dams and hydroelectric plants
national recovery administration
worked with industries to establish codes outlining fair business and labor practices
federal deposit insurance corporation
insured bank deposits up to $5,000
attempted to raise farm prices by paying farmers to lower farm output
federal housing administration
improved housing standards and conditions and provided home financing
securities and exchange commission
regulated the stock market and protected investors from dishonest trading practices
works progress administration
gave the unemployment work in building construction and arts programs
national labor relations board
enforced provisions of the Wagner Act, which included the right to collective bargaining and other union rights
national youth administration
provided education, jobs, recreation, and counseling for youth ages 16 to 25
rural electrification administration
provided loans for building power planets, extending power lines to rural areas, and wiring homes
social security administration
provided old age pensions, disability payments, and unemployment benefits | http://quizlet.com/4725779/new-deals-flash-cards/ | dclm-gs1-116700002 | false | false | {
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0.301105 | <urn:uuid:e225baf9-045c-4786-ba5f-5bf2f5c90cab> | en | 0.941985 | Tell me more ×
trying to understand, according to SAGE levels in, how much should be paid to a Level II and Level III sysadmins.
share|improve this question
This is too localized. Pay will vary based on experience and location and will fluctuate with market conditions (presumably). – Holocryptic Apr 21 '11 at 1:04
C´mon! a good answer can still be provided even if it's not perfect. How about some ranges with the caveat that it depends on location and market conditions? Pay should not vary much with experience as people with more experience will qualify for a higher SAGE Level. – Jorge Guzman Apr 23 '11 at 2:22
You're question is really outside the scope of what this site is designed to provide. My suggestion would be to go to the sites that the user below mentioned or Those sites collate data about that stuff that we don't. Anything we tell you would be subjective and prone to error, not to mention out of date down the line. – Holocryptic Apr 24 '11 at 5:18
add comment
closed as too localized by mfinni, sysadmin1138 Apr 21 '11 at 1:35
1 Answer
up vote 1 down vote accepted
It depends on the projects and company in most cases. You can search on the following websites for the average.
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0.186746 | <urn:uuid:ea3fcaec-9e10-4326-8d41-9aec9f46ae18> | en | 0.937034 | 10 Simple Tricks for Eating Less
You already know that you shouldn't overeat, but do you know how to easily stop from crossing the overindulgence threshold? Here are 10 simple ways to turn common-sense rules you already know into daily food-moderation tricks. Try them on a daily basis and over time your efforts will add up to a healthier, more balanced lifestyle-not to mention a smaller waistline!
1. Drink first, then eat.
Are you drinking eight glasses of water each day? You should be for proper hydration-and making sure your body isn't confusing thirst for hunger. Before you reach for food to fill up an empty stomach, drink a glass of water and wait 15 minutes. This practice can curb the amount of food you consume.
2. Order half in a doggy bag.
When dining at a restaurant, ask the server to bring out a half-portion and box up the other half to go. This will help with portion control and you'll have another meal to eat later!
3. Eat consciously.
Avoid eating in front of the television or anything else that takes your focus off of what you're eating at all costs. When you're distracted, you're more likely to continue consuming beyond a healthy, or hungry, stopping point. Instead, sit down at a table-not on a couch-and keep watch over how much you're eating.
4. Eat less, more often.
Rather than eating three big meals during the day, eat five smaller meals throughout the day. Keep healthy snacks on hand, like carrot sticks or low-calorie snack packs, to avoid binge eating in response to feeling ravenous.
5. Take your time.
Leave the shovel in the tool shed. Take a small bite, put your fork down, chew, look around, ask someone at the table a question, or ponder life, and then take another bite. It's not a race. Enjoy your food. Pacing yourself allows you to truly savor, and at a minimum, be aware of, each bite you take.
6. Don't wait for your body to tell you it's full.
Conveniently, your body alerts you when it's time to stop eating. However, it takes nearly 20 minutes for food to pass through your digestive system and let your brain know that you feel full. Be proactive! Before you feel full, pause for a few minutes while eating and see if your status changes from famished to sated without eating another bite.
7. Follow your fist.
Make a fist and take a good long look at it. That's about the size of your stomach. No, three pieces of pizza are not supposed to fit in there. Think about what it would take to comfortably fill a bag the size of your balled up hand and eat that much.
8. Do not stock sweets.
Whatever you keep in your pantry is likely to end up in your belly. Skip sugary snacks and stock up on fresh fruit instead. The next time you find yourself staring inside your fridge because you're bored, reach for a peach instead of pudding.
9. Drown food when you're done.
If you're like us, you probably pick at food on the plate in front of you, even though you're finished eating your meal. End this habit by covering food with a napkin or, for a more surefire way to stop eating, pour water on leftovers (just don't make too big of a mess for your server to clean up), or pack them away and stick them in the back of the fridge.
10. Allow yourself small indulgences.
Quitting chocolate entirely is nearly impossible and will most likely result in a weak moment of binge eating. When you get a craving for sweets, eat one M&M instead of the whole bag. The tiny bit of naughty food will satisfy your urge and keep you from obsessing over the sweet treat for hours to come.
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Reprinted with permission of Hearst Communications, Inc.
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0.089234 | <urn:uuid:d1270539-4541-4734-a15f-f367db89867f> | en | 0.799837 | Tell me more ×
I am trying to executemany in python with on duplicate key update, with the following script:
# data from a previous query (returns 4 integers in each row)
rows = first_cursor.fetchall()
INSERT INTO data (a, b, c)
I'm getting this error:
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/MySQLdb/", line 212, in executemany
self.errorhandler(self, TypeError, msg)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/MySQLdb/", line 35, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorclass, errorvalue
TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting
Is this even possible without creating my own loop?
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this error happens when the number of items do not match what you are supposed to fill in and what actually you are passing. >>> a = 1 >>> b = 2 >>> print "%s" % (a,b) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting >>> – ronak Oct 10 '12 at 18:00
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1 Answer
This is a bug in MySQLdb due to the regex that MySQLdb uses to parse INSERT statements:
In /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/MySQLdb/
restr = (r"\svalues\s*"
insert_values= re.compile(restr)
Although there have been numerous bug reports about this problem that have been closed as fixed, I was able to reproduce the error in MySQLdb version 1.2.3. (Note the latest version of MySQLdb at the moment is 1.2.4b4.)
Maybe this bug is fixable, I don't really know. But I think it is just the tip of the iceberg -- it points to much more trouble lurking just a little deeper. You could have for instance an INSERT ... SELECT statement with nested SELECT statements with WHERE conditions and parameters sprinkled all about... Making the regex more and more complicated to handle these cases seems to me like a losing battle.
You could use oursql; it does not use regex or string formating. It passes parametrized queries and arguments to the server separately.
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Your Answer
| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12825232/python-executemany-with-on-duplicate-key-update | dclm-gs1-116850002 | false | false | {
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0.200833 | <urn:uuid:ac05f27b-2342-476f-b095-3ee897474040> | en | 0.857461 | Tell me more ×
We need to replace our current simple SIP client (X-lite) with custom developed SIP client in order for it to have specific features we need:
Some of the features we plan:
• shared contacts (if agent A creates a new contact, agent B can use it)
• central call log (all agents see all calls)
• in case the call is answered, a customer profile pops up (simply a browser is opened/brought to foreground:{callerid})
Are there any open-source SIP clients (or libraries) which could be extended to support those features?
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Add programming language tags – jgauffin Sep 15 '11 at 9:22
Added C# (the preferred language) – Henno Sep 15 '11 at 9:24
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3 Answers
up vote 1 down vote accepted
The only open source C# sipstack that I know of is lumisoft.
You can find a UA example here:
(UserAgent = client)
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For C# there's sipwiz's stack: sipsorcery.
(The licence looks like the 3-clause BSD licence.)
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You can use SipekSDK (which uses a wrapper for PJSIP C language stack, which is a solid and well documented one)
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| http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7428581/what-open-source-sip-clients-or-libraries-there-are-that-could-be-freely-exten | dclm-gs1-116860002 | false | false | {
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0.307283 | <urn:uuid:a0f163b8-918d-4a75-acdf-f43b01060f61> | en | 0.978662 | Friday, September 29, 2006
My friend Michael was scammed. It's a scam that's popular in many countries, it targets men and it worked like this:
Michael was hanging out by himself in a touristy neighborhood when a polite, well-dressed guy approached him and said, "Hey, are you new to Istanbul?"
The guy seemed sincere and Mike is generally a good judge of character. The guy said he was from out-of-town, wouldn’t it be fun to adventure around a bit? Mike said sure.
They went to bar that the guy chose and sat down for a few drinks. A few of the guy’s friends showed up- at least one guy and two women. Everyone had a few drinks and did a little dancing. When the bill came, it totaled 700 Euros. That’s when the guy stopped smiling and said, “Alright, my friend, now you pay the bill.”
Mike didn’t have the money. “No problem,” the guy said. “We’ll go to your house and get it.”
They somehow threatened Mike (I didn’t ask details). They took Mike to his apartment. There, they copied his credit card numbers and took a copy of his passport (to get his home address in Germany). The next day, a charge for 700 Euros showed up on Mike’s card.
Why not block the card? The guy knew Mike’s address in Turkey and Germany.
How do you rack up a bill for 700 Euros (about $1,000) in Turkey? You don’t, the restaurant is in on the scam.
Why target guys? Most women wouldn’t trust a random man. It’s also easier to distract guys by having beautiful women “randomly” show up at the bar, which happened in this case.
Where else is this scam popular? Greece, Italy and Spain.
Pretty upsetting stuff. Thought I should still share. In other news, the throbbing in my head has lessened and I should be walking sans limp very soon.
Anonymous said...
Babe, what a story! Please take care of yourself. I miss you... and it's good to hear that you're walking straight again! BESOS, Fer.
Anonymous said...
This is shocking! I hope others read this and are very careful.
Anonymous said...
It's too bad your friend got duped by that guy but it's good that you posted this. People should always be suspicious - at least a little bit. As they say, there's no free lunch, anywhere! You be safe!
Besos y abrazos, | http://testingmyturkish.blogspot.com/2006/09/scammed.html | dclm-gs1-116910002 | false | false | {
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0.044581 | <urn:uuid:41e5b310-08c0-4f91-b17a-3ca854a8c995> | en | 0.985414 | Monday, February 01, 2010
Howdy Neighbor!
Temperature at departure = 26° F (-3° C)
What a weird encounter! With three hours sleep last night and the threat of freezing drizzle and snow on the way, I decided that I needed to get out this morning and jump start my day. It was a nice ride on mostly side streets -- until I was just shy of one mile from home.
I was riding on a two lane, minor arterial street. A car was approaching from the other direction and slowly crossed the yellow line into my lane. It was a neighbor of mine from a few houses down and they had a really angry, determined look on their face and were muttering something to themselves as they traveled head on my direction. I pulled down my balaclava, exposing my face, smiled and waved. The look on my neighbor's face was, as they say, priceless.
Now, there are many ways I could handle this. I've decided, for the most part, to just act as though it never happened ... with this one exception:
With five kids, I've never really encouraged them to go door to door for the various fund-raisers that they participate in for school, sports, church, scouts, etc.. I just didn't want to be a pest. Now, however, this neighbor of mine will be visited for each and every fund raiser my kids have. Within the next month they'll be encouraged to buy trash bags, cookie dough, entertainment books and flowers. Why not have fun with it?
John said...
I guess they'll be getting tinted windows too...
I had exactly the same thing happen last year...except the person was from church!
Brian W. Ogilvie said...
That's awfully big of you. But you might want to check with other cyclists in the area to see if there's a pattern. Around here, a few years ago, there was a motorist who was threatening cyclists. The police took action after they got a number of reports, revealing a pattern. Hopefully your neighbor was scared straight, but it would be a shame for someone else to be buzzed, or worse, because you were magnanimous.
Anonymous said...; You saved my day again.
Health & Wellness said...
I like the fund raiser idea...I'll have to keep that one in mind. :)
Mr. Nebraska Outdoor Addict said...
I love it! | http://warren-t.blogspot.com/2010/02/howdy-neighbor.html | dclm-gs1-116970002 | false | false | {
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0.021582 | <urn:uuid:8c5c0413-0134-49f2-849f-27f048773f51> | en | 0.864225 | Let’s talk about sex!
By Ramya Kudekallu, World YWCA Programme Associate.
Ramya Jawahar Kudekallu at the African Union
When you are the daughter of a gynaecologist and the citizen of a country that was one of the first to have a national policy on family planning, you are no stranger to the issue. However, during my recent attendance of the International Conference on Family Planning (ICFP) in Addis Ababa, even a self-proclaimed ‘aware’ individual such as me got a serious education.
The concept of ‘Family Planning’ covers a broad spectrum of activities associated with sexual and reproductive health. It includes birth control methods, contraceptives or sexual commodities, sexuality education or awareness, fertility and the prevention and management of sexually transmitted infections. But truth be told, the issue weaves far further than the above mentioned parameters. The language has now found its way into the Constitution of nations, policy of economies and the business plans of private sectors.
A series of statistics were apparent throughout the event, showing that approximately 287,000 women die every year from problems caused by childbirth. According to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (one of the co-sponsors) access to contraception can save women from this fatality.
But for me, the real conversation was around how we were going to include 4 very important terms in every discussion
• Sex
• Youth
• Culture
• Scaling
Family planning in my home country of India began 48 years ago. What started as progressive policy making for the government is now the tipping point for our great 1.2 billion population, and although our uptake of contraceptives is on a steady increase, we still cannot seem to find a sense of ‘control’. We add up to 1,000,000 people to our population every 15 days!
So where are we faltering, if I believe we are at all faltering?
We do not talk about sex. No! I implore you not to cringe, cough or sigh while I say this because we both know it is true. We do not talk about sex. It is not just in India, but many parts of the world, conversations around reproductive health and awareness, be it biological or emotional, simply do not take place.
I am not speaking of the mechanics of it. To tell me about the birds and the bees is not enough. As a young person I want to know and understand what the act entails.
I require an environment that is open, free, safe and non-judgmental. I want an atmosphere that allows dialogue around acceptance of female sexuality, the possibility of choice and the idea of rights. I seek a corner in society where I can whisper of how I was assaulted, violated and left pregnant, where I can admit that I cannot give the child within me a life of love, opportunities or care. Grant me a health care system that looks beyond my marital status, my HIV status or class and let me tell you why I cannot swallow those pills you give me or how worried I am that this intrauterine device might make me believe I can never have children. Accept me deeper still when I tell you I sell my body for money, the blistering wounds on my skin are excruciating and although my circumstances are illegal or unacceptable, I still want to be healthy.
Every tradition and culture replaced one before it, and I have no doubt in my mind that the dynamics of our ever changing society will allow norms to change once again. My concern, however, is, what notion of change are we slowly going towards. I am not asking for a universal opinion but I am calling for a universal access to information so that we may have the facts to make that opinion for ourselves.
It is not as bleak as it seems. Community workers, health care providers, counsellors, youth and governments across the world have begun to pave the way for access to these rights. It is important that our solutions are appropriate and that we can scale up our practices. Scaling is crucial to sustainability.
The ICFP pulled me to the heart of the issue. I met a world of people in the great walls of the African Union who truly believed bringing the life of another into this planet was an event so precious, it had to be met with the possibility of care, good health, economic resources and security. I was struck by the dedication of young people, not just representing themselves, but a host of marginalised sects in society. Lastly I fell in love with an Ethiopia that opened its city to us and its people. 3.5 million Ethiopian women and men have felt the life-changing benefits of family planning – setting an example that truly ‘full access full choice’ is possible.
It is not about the population or numbers any more, China will agree with me, since they recently surprised the world with the change in their ‘one child policy’. It touches on a much more concrete and serious affair of value to human life and how each of us, individually or collectively, deserves to be of that profound value.
Moblie Phones for Access to Family Planning Information
By Nelly Lukale, SRHR Champion from YWCA of Kenya.
Nelly Lukale
Family planning enables women and couples to determine the timing and spacing of their children and also gives women and their children an opportunity to stay healthy. One of the most cost-effective health interventions is family planning, which can significantly improve the health of women and their children. We have just concluded the third International Conference on Family Planning with the theme Full Access, Full Choice. This was one of the largest meetings focused on expanding access to contraceptives and family planning for women and girls worldwide attended by thousands of people in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Throughout the meeting, one intervention and solution to access to family planning information caught my attention, and that was the use of Mobile phone technology to reach out to women and girls and give them information on family planning. To me this stood out to be the most cost effective method of getting the message across since majority of women of reproductive age have access to a mobile phone. Many rural areas do not have health centers let alone well trained health providers, almost all schools do not offer sexuality education nor do they give any information on contraceptives use and if they are lucky to hear about the contraceptives or have access then they are too expensive. According to the World Health Organization, there are 222 million women who would like to delay or stop childbearing, but currently lack access to birth control. Lack of access starts with simply not having family planning services and information available.
Cultural barriers still prevent women and girls from accessing family planning services and information. In some societies, using contraceptives is considered culturally unacceptable, and there is mistrust towards programmes that promote contraceptives which are in most cases opposed by the community and religious leaders. However many people (me included) have dedicated themselves to bridging the gap between this problem and a workable solution. Mobile phone usage is quickly becoming popular with as many people having access to at least a mobile phone connection. This can be the best way to get women and girls to benefit from information delivered through short messages. Through a simple sms, health providers are able to share important information on family planning methods, access, awareness and availability of services. There can also be messages designed to educate mothers on the benefits of birth spacing and reproductive health and also help them make informed choice and decisions, providing valuable information that can save lives.
This low-cost approach to reaching contraceptive users has the potential of improving correct use, uptake, and continuation of selected methods. The best way is to create a special code where clients can contact the family planning providers on information by sending a specific text message on their mobile phone. From there then they can follow instructions on how to access information on the methods of their choice, including information on the location of service providers.
If this method is properly used then most women will be able to learn about contraceptive methods and to be able to decide which method to use when in need and since most couples share mobile phones, these women will also be able to share these messages with their spouses. Text messaging service is perceived to be being private, convenient, and cost-effective. It is also private and confidential for users who are not willing to share the information they receive with any one and can be accessed at anytime and anywhere even at home where one can read and reflect more on the information received. It is much cheaper than having to travel all the time to the health clinics to find information. Providing family planning information via text message is a promising method of reaching women and men with health information.
Even with all these technologies we still need to build and promote an enabling environment that allows women and girls to truly utilize those services and take control over their reproductive decisions. We have to engage men and boys in these discussions. Religious and community leaders also have a role to play in ensuring that while access to family planning is expanded, traditions and norms that still hinder women’s empowerment and gender equality are also being transformed. Access to contraceptives is not just about control over childbearing but about women’s empowerment and independence. Expanding access must go recognition of women as full, rights-bearing citizens with voice, power and agency. Full access and full choice can only be realised in a world where women’s other rights are also respected and protected.
Child Marriage: Enough is Enough
By Marcia Banasko, World YWCA Communications Officer. (Original Source first published via Girls Globe)
Child marriage remains one of the most horrific human rights violations that exists today. It is estimated that globally 14 million girls are married off before the age of 18, robbing them of their childhood and leaving them vulnerable to violence, poverty, domestic slavery, sexual assault and HIV/AIDS. Child marriage is a human rights violation that cuts across countries, cultures, religions and ethnicity.
The recent news coverage of the 8-year-old girl who was married off to a 40-year-old man in Yemen, poignantly highlights the desperate need to outlaw child marriage. After their wedding night, the 8-year-old girl – identified as “Rawan” – died from torn genitals and severe bleeding in the northwest city of Hardh. According to media accounts, the fatal injuries were incurred through sexual intercourse. Let me emphasize that it was NOT sexual intercourse. It was rape and it should be clearly understood as so. Rawan’s tragic story is sadly not unique and millions of girls die every year from injuries incurred from sexual violence.
Image Courtesy of Gerry & Bonni on Flickr (Creative Commons)
Image Courtesy of Gerry & Bonni on Flickr (Creative Commons)
Furthermore, as a result of child marriage, these girls are at far greater risk of experiencing dangerous complications in pregnancy and childbirth. Yemen has a high maternal mortality rate of 370 deaths per 100,000 live births. Reproductive health studies show that young women face greater risks in pregnancy than older women, including life-threatening obstructed labour due to adolescents’ smaller pelvises. The shortage of prenatal and postnatal healthcare services, especially in Yemen’s rural areas, place girls’ and women’s lives at risk. An overwhelming majority of Yemeni women still deliver at home, often without the assistance of a skilled birth attendant capable of handling childbirth emergencies. Girls who marry young often have insufficient information on family planning or worse, none at all. As young wives they find it difficult to assert themselves against older husbands to negotiate family planning methods.
Human Rights Watch reports that 14% of girls in Yemen are married before age 15, with 82% married before age 18. Child marriage is in fact legal in Yemen; however, in light of the recent cases and international media attention, Yemen Parliamentarians are calling for new laws which ban child marriage, set the minimum age for marriage at 18 ,and implement strategic measures to effectively enact the law. Speaking in an interview with CNN, Hooria Mashhour, Yemen’s human rights minister stated,
Many child marriages take place every year in Yemen. It’s time to end this practice.”
In order to fully eliminate child marriage, awareness raising of the negative impacts of this human rights violation must be conducted. There are a magnitude of elements that contribute to child marriage including lack of awareness and understanding. One father who married off his young daughter spoke to Human Rights Watch and declared that if he knew then what he knows now he would never have married off his daughter.
In many cases, the reality of poverty plays a big role in the decision to marry off a daughter. Here are a few examples of how poverty impacts child marriage:
• Marrying a girl child means one less family member to feed, clothe and educate.
• The bride’s family receives a hefty dowdy/bride price for a young girl, or in those instances where the bride’s family pays the groom a dowry, they often have to pay less money if the bride is young and uneducated. Sometimes the daughters are actually sold to pay off debts.
Another huge determinant of child marriage is tradition. Child marriage is a traditional practice in many countries and cultures around the world, and breaking tradition can alienate families from the rest of the community. However in the words of Graca Machel, member of The Elders and a major contributor to the founding of Girls Not Brides,
One 11 year old Yemeni girl decided to break away from tradition and challenged her own parents when they arranged for her to be married to an older man. Nada al-Ahdal caught the attention of the world when she uploaded a three minute video on YouTube after she escaped from your family and took refuge at her uncle’s house.
The world needs more Nada al-Ahdal’s but can we really leave eight, nine, ten, and eleven-year-olds to defend themselves? Nada is one of the rare and lucky girls’ who successfully avoided child marriage but there are millions who are not so lucky. Hence, we need to make a change and advocate for child marriage to be fully outlawed and recognised as a human rights violation. Thousands of NGOs, human rights defenders, women and girls have been advocating to end child marriage for years and, although change will not come over night, we must keep on and remember the Rawan’s of the world.
Take Action:
Girls Not Brides
Every Woman Every Child
Other Useful Websites:
Human Rights Watch
I am available, effective and ready for use: I AM FEMALE CONDOM
By Nelly Lukale, SRHR Champion- YWCA of Kenya.
Young people’s need for integrated family planning, sexual and reproductive health and Rights and HIV prevention services, is one of the great challenges facing many youth today. The most affected groups are the youth from marginalized groups, who may be particularly vulnerable to sexually-transmitted infections, including HIV, and other reproductive health issues.
As a participant at the 3rd International Conference on Family Planning in Addis Ababa Ethiopia, my main interest was prevention of unplanned pregnancies, STIs and HIV/AIDS by use of a female condom as a method of family planning. I attended a two day workshop on universal access to Female condom organized by the Universal Access to Female Condoms (UAFC). I was keen on learning the different types available on the market, manufacturers, how to use it and not forgetting demonstrating what I learned to my fellow participants. That is how to use a female condom.
UAFC which is a joint Programme started in 2008 with the aim to make female condoms accessible, affordable and available for all. Different organizations have combined knowledge and expertise in working with civil society organizations, supply chain management and procurement, advocacy on sexual and reproductive health and rights and international politics. The main reason to set up the UAFC Joint Programme was to break the long-time inertia of the accessibility of female condoms at an affordable price and in a sustainable manner. Existing barriers in providing women and men access to female condoms were: the high procurement price, the lack of competition on the female condom market as well as the lack of programming in many countries.
Nelly Lukale
This word Female Condom seems to be a name that is not so common among methods of contraceptives but believe it or not it exists but not used by many due to misunderstanding of how it is used, its high price, who should use it and where it can be found. It is a barrier method made out of a soft thin material, like the male condom, but it can only be worn by a woman.
September 16th of every year marks the annual Global Female Condom Day, a day when education and advocacy to increase awareness, access, and use of female condoms is passed across the globe. Some women still complain that it’s too big and hard to insert but the good news is that there are smaller, thinner and easy to use female condoms coming on the market now. This is the only women -initiated method available that offers dual protection from unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS. Studies show that it is at least as effective as the male condom in reducing the risk of contracting STIs and can reduce the probability of HIV infection by 97%. The first time I learnt about a female condom I was in great shock and just imagined its size and how it would remain inside me or even fit. This was until I attended female condom training and learned that it’s so easy and effective to use. Its gives a woman more power to decide about protecting her health.
The female condom easily heats up to body temperature, is highly lubricated and it can stimulate the man due to the inner ring or sponge and can be inserted a few hours before intercourse so that couples do not have to think about a condom at the last minute when the fire is already on. Several types of female condoms are manufactured today but not all are available in different countries especially Africa. The readily available and accessible one is the FC2.
Young people mostly young women in Africa are vulnerable to unintended pregnancies that can seriously affect their health, education and any other opportunities in life and the only way to address this is to make available, accessible and affordable effective family planning programs that are not only fundamental to maternal health, but allow women and families to better manage household and natural resources, secure education for all family members, and address each family member’s healthcare needs. Female condoms and been recognized by different organizations as a vital tool for improving maternal health globally. Promoting the female condom is a cost-effective intervention, particularly given the high cost of HIV treatment and other prevention interventions if used correctly and consistently.
Some few facts about female condoms include:
• The female condom is not just for women but for people of all
• The female condom can actually increase pleasure for both partners as it adjusts to body temperature during sex, creating a natural and intimate feel, and increased stimulation from the outer ring.
• The female condom offers increased protection against STIs by covering the external genitalia.
• Female condoms have no side effects and also come latex-free.
• Female condoms do not require a prescription or clinician involvement, and provide non-hormonal dual protection from unintended pregnancy, and STIs, including HIV.
• Two different female condom products are currently WHO/UNPFA prequalified (FC2 and Cupid1) with various other products in development.
Human trafficking is a crime of a global scale
By Lauren Shannon Shaw, young woman from the YWCA of Ireland.
Lauren Shannon Shaw
Human trafficking is a crime of a global scale. It affects every country in the world whether as an origin, transit or destination country. Human trafficking is a heinous crime and a serious violation of human rights. In today’s globalised society it is easier than ever to transport people through countries and across borders and the rapid advance of technology means a buyer can select their purchase at the click of a button.
The International Labour Organization estimate that there are 2.4 million people in the world at any given time who have been trafficked for forced labour or sexual exploitation. In fact, human trafficking is believed to be the second largest global crime today, generating approximately 31.6 billion USD every year. The reasons for trafficking are numerous and complex but universal factors include limited migration opportunities, lack of effective legislation/enforcement, political and economic instability and war or fear of conflict. Woman and girls are particularly vulnerable to becoming victims of human trafficking due to deep rooted social inequality. This includes gender discrimination within the family and community, a tolerance of violence against women, unequal access to education and the subsequent lack of employment opportunities available. The means by which a victim is entrapped include threats, deception, fraud, abduction and sadly some are sold by their own family.
The majority of women who are trafficked are exploited in the sex trade which is believed to be the most common form of trafficking. Many survivors speak of being offered well -paid jobs abroad as waitresses, dancers or au pairs but instead find themselves forced to work in brothels, often unaware of their location and unable to speak the language. Some are led to believe that they owe a debt to their trafficker which they must work to pay off, but in reality the debt will never be paid. Studies have shown that 70% of victims of sexual exploitation meet the criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder in the same range as victims of torture. Last year Stop the Traffik launched a video campaign to raise awareness of the reality of sex trafficking. The video shows a group of women dancing in a window in Amsterdam’s red light district while spectators gather to enjoy the free entertainment. The cheering turns to stunned silence when the slogan appears “every year thousands of women are promised a dance career in Western Europe, sadly they end up here.”
Of course the current publicity around sex trafficking should not distract us from the other forms of slavery that exist today which include forced labour, domestic servitude and organ harvesting. These crimes are equally deplorable and also prey on the vulnerability and desperation of others. Whether it’s the child labourer working long hours on a cocoa farm in West Africa or the factory worker subjected to dangerous conditions and an unfair wage to provide us with cheap clothes, it is the same denial of equality and dignity that is intrinsic to our common humanity.
While the statistics can be overwhelming and create a sense of helplessness, former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan compares the work to be done to that of the abolitionists during the trans-Atlantic slave trade and appeals that:
“We must approach today’s abuses in the same spirit- each of us seeking not to blame somebody else, but to think what we can do to hasten their end. There is no evil so entrenched that it cannot be eradicated. Inspired by the abolitionists of two centuries ago, let us fight against exploitation and oppression and stand up for freedom and human dignity.”
A first step to take to help prevent human trafficking is to be informed of the signs of trafficking, talk to local politicians about it and participate in local anti-trafficking initiatives. Secondly, be a responsible consumer- enquire about the labour policies of companies you shop in to ensure they are free from forced labour or other forms of exploitation. Finally, if you suspect someone to be a victim of trafficking report it to an organization dealing with trafficking in your area.
More information on human trafficking can be found at:
Girls are important
By Rebecca Hasenfeld, World YWCA Intern from Colgate University.
(Copyright Girleffect.org)
By Nelly Lukale, Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights Champion, YWCA of Kenya
Following a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly on the follow-up to the International Conference on Population and Development “ICPD Beyond 2014”, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) in collaboration with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) undertook an operational review of the implementation of the Programme of Action (PoA) on the African Continent. The ICPD was first held in 1994 in Cairo with the purpose of linking population issues with development. It declared that gender, education and health, including reproductive health, were areas important for balanced development. The conference adopted a Program of Action and set specific goals to reduce infant, child and maternal mortality, universal access to reproductive health; and provide universal education.
An African Regional Conference to review evidence of progress, challenges, gaps and emerging issues in relation to the achievement of the goals set out in the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) took place in Addis Ababa Ethiopia from 30th September to 4th October 2013. The conference was expected to chart a new course to scale up its efforts, and establish new ways of approaching population issues.
Nelly Lukale
Nelly Lukale
African youth met for a two day pre-conference before the main conference and set out their priorities. The forum brought together Ministers of youth, youth leaders, UNFPA senior staff and other youth groups from different countries that work with adolescents and youth to review progress, challenges and key human rights issues for youth. It was organized to create a platform for dialogue and sharing experiences so as to make recommendations on the post International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD beyond 2014).
These recommendations will eventually feed into the regional intergovernmental conference on ICPD in Africa, for the next twenty years. The youth discussed a number of important issues including sexual and reproductive health and rights, education, youth employment, family planning and maternal mortality as well as inclusive participation, security and governance. They called upon their governments to ensure there is actual fulfillment of promises on youth matters and programmes. They also appealed for more investment and allocation of resources particularly for rights-based health interventions for young people, who account for the overwhelming majority of the continent’s population.
I was privileged to attend a two day Advocacy in Practice (AiP) workshop organized by International Women’s Health Coalition (IWHC) and other partners. This is a workshop that is held in advance of any important regional conferences or UN negotiations. It gives participants the opportunity to take what they have learned into practice and action. It was an intense two day event that helped participants strengthened their skills to effectively advocate for sexual and reproductive health and rights at the national and international levels.
Over 20 young women and youth activists from Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, Cameroon, Nigeria, Liberia, and Zambia participated in this AiP. Participants identified priority areas that needed to be included in the final document such as ensuring the sexual and reproductive health and rights of women and adolescents, including access to safe and legal abortion, modern contraception, comprehensive sexuality education; ending harmful cultural, traditional, and religious practices such as female genital mutilation and early and forced marriage; eliminating gender-based violence, including marital rape and intimate partner violence; and ending violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
The activists also wanted to ensure that governments are held accountable for promoting and protecting the rights and health of their citizens. The AiP partners were present at the main conference tweeting live and also keeping a close eye on the government negotiations and how they addressed the critical issues and recommendations from youth and CSOs.
Civil society organizations who also had a two day pre-conference and came up with recommendations called upon governments to ensure there is comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services and it should be freely available through the primary health care system, accessible to all without discrimination, and provided in a way that respects human rights, including the rights to privacy, confidentiality, informed consent, and bodily integrity.
With only a few months left to the end of the ICPD PoA; many of the promises to young people set out in Cairo remain unfulfilled. Millions of girls and women worldwide are still without adequate sexual and reproductive health services and universal access to comprehensive sexuality education for young people is yet to be delivered. It’s noted that Equal access for the youth to health, education and economic opportunities doubles the potential for development and helps societies to break the cycle of poverty which is still prevalent in Africa. Young people still do not have seat at most decision-making tables and there is need for inclusion of the youth in decision making as it is the best way to address their issues. Governments should emphasize on inter-generational leadership hence promote age and gender balance.
Mon expérience au Conseil des Droits de l’Homme à l’ONU – 24ème session
De Maëlle Rabilloud, YWCA Mondiale du bénévolat.
Maelle Rabilloud
Maelle Rabilloud
Bénévole à la YWCA Mondiale depuis le 1er juillet 2013, je n’envisageais pas de rester à Genève en septembre. Mais après avoir passé deux mois fantastiques ici, lorsque l’on m’a parlé de la possibilité d’assister à la 24ème session du Conseil des Droits de l’Homme, je n’ai pas hésité une seconde pour donner ma réponse : un grand OUI ! J’avais déjà eu l’opportunité d’assister en juillet à la 55ème session du Comité pour l’élimination de la discrimination à l’égard des femmes, qui s’occupe de suivre la mise en œuvre de la Convention sur l’élimination de toutes les formes de discrimination à l’égard des femmes (CEDAW – 1979) et j’avais déjà été impressionnée par le niveau des débats et les rencontres que j’avais faites. Cela m’a ouvert les yeux sur tellement de sujets dont j’ignorais la profondeur, comme par exemple l’ampleur de la violence et de la torture faites aux femmes en République Démocratique du Congo. J’ai aussi été profondément choquée par différents récits.
Suite à cette expérience, mes collègues m’ont proposé de participer au Conseil des Droits de l’Homme. Donc me voilà prête, le 9 septembre, pour assister à cette 24ème session à l’ONU, dans la fameuse salle XX. La première chose que l’on remarque est le gigantesque plafond sculpté et coloré qui surplombe la salle, œuvre d’art de l’espagnol Barceló. Il est absolument impressionnant dès la première minute où l’on rentre dans la pièce. Cela permet aussi de repérer les « habitués » du Conseil des Droits de l’Homme, et les « nouveaux » puisque, évidemment, les nouveaux ont tous la tête en l’air alors que les habitués n’y prêtent plus attention.
Main room
(Copyright UN Geneva Information Service)
Le premier jour, pour l’ouverture, il y avait énormément de monde, il était difficile de se trouver une petite place ! Ensuite, cela s’est calmé, on a pu avoir accès aux places assises et à la traduction. Des discours très prenants se sont enchainés sur les situations des droits de l’homme les plus critiques à l’heure actuelle (le cas de la Syrie était très souvent cité, mais aussi sur l’Égypte, le Bahreïn, Israël/Palestine…). L’après-midi du jour d’ouverture, le Conseil des Droits de l’Homme recevait la première ministre thaïlandaise, Mme Yingluck Shinawatra cela montre la renommée et l’importance de ce Conseil des Droits de l’Homme.
Tout était nouveau pour moi, je regardais partout, j’ai observé la façon dont les diplomates se comportent, comment ils communiquent entre eux ou négocient informellement, ou encore comment certains viennent juste au moment de lire leur texte et repartent aussitôt. Et j’ai trouvé ça assez frustrant que chaque État n’ait le droit qu’à 3 minutes de parole, ils ont à peine le temps de s’exprimer en profondeur sur un sujet. Les différentes sessions se déroulent quasiment toutes de la même façon. Elles commencent par un exposé de la situation en question ou l’explication d’un rapport qui intéresse les droits de l’homme par un expert, et sont suivies d’un « débat » que je qualifie plutôt de « commentaires » de chaque État et parfois de certaines ONG. Les États n’ayant la parole que pour 3 minutes, peu de choses sont vraiment dites, et tous veulent parler donc il est difficile d’avoir vraiment un dialogue interactif et un débat. Il faudrait réfléchir à une solution pour rendre ce dialogue plus « vivant » mais ayant un temps limité et un très grand nombre d’États, cela me semble compliqué.
En plus du Conseil des Droits de l’Homme « officiel » dans la salle XX, il y avait tous les jours des réunions informelles ainsi que des « side events » organisés par certaines missions permanentes auprès de l’ONU ou diverses ONG. Je dois reconnaître que ce sont ces réunions qui m’ont le plus intéressées lors du Conseil des Droits de l’Homme. Les « side events » duraient en général 2h et abordaient un sujet précis, présenté par des experts en la matière ce qui était particulièrement intéressant. Habituellement 4 ou 5 panelistes expliquaient leur point de vue, leur propre expérience dans leur pays, et ensuite la présentation était suivie de questions/réponses avec les personnes qui assistaient à l’événement (des membres de missions permanentes d’un État, des membres d’ONG…). Lors de ces side events, on avait vraiment la possibilité de présenter son point de vue, de réagir à certaines présentations, et certains échanges et sujets étaient très captivants. À titre d’exemple, je peux citer certains de ces side events que j’ai particulièrement appréciés : “Human Rights and armed conflict” ; “The International Criminal Court 15 years after the Rome Statute: Prospects for the future” ; “Decriminalizing abortion”; “ State practices and challenges in human rights education for women”; “Women defenders in conflict zones”…
De plus, j’ai eu la chance d’assister aux négociations de certaines résolutions. La résolution que la YWCA Mondiale a particulièrement suivie concerne « Child, Early and Forced Marriage ». J’ai beaucoup appris lors de ce processus. C’était une opportunité géniale pour moi de pouvoir être plongée au cœur même des négociations, de suivre la création du droit dès le début. Il faut y voir pour y croire, je ne pensais pas que l’on pouvait réellement débattre pendant des heures sur l’utilisation de tel ou tel mot employé, je comprends maintenant toute l’importance du moindre mot, suivant la définition propre qu’en ont les États. C’est un processus vraiment particulier et je suis heureuse d’avoir pu en observer le fonctionnement, de voir quel rôle une ONG peut jouer, comment les États s’influencent entre eux, la façon dont ils essaient de négocier encore après, dans les couloirs… Et je suis encore plus ravie de savoir que la résolution a été adoptée à l’unanimité, prenant en compte une de nos remarques (l’ajout de la notion d’inégalité homme/femme comme l’une des causes principales des mariages forcés pour les jeunes filles).
En conclusion, je remarque que j’ai été effectivement bien plus impressionnée par le Conseil des Droits de l’Homme que par mes précédentes expériences. Je ne regrette vraiment pas ma décision, ça a été une opportunité formidable. Je dois ajouter que j’ai eu la chance de ne pas être seule et d’avoir beaucoup appris grâce à une fervente défenseuse des Droits de l’Homme, Marie-Claude Julsaint. Elle a été une excellente professeure ayant un vrai don pour expliquer les choses simplement. Elle est vraiment passionnée par ce qu’elle fait, ce qui donne encore plus envie de s’y intéresser ! Enfin, cela m’a permis de mettre un sens « pratique » à tous mes cours théoriques, de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du droit international, de découvrir beaucoup de choses, et surtout, cela m’a confirmé mon envie de travailler dans le milieu des droits de l’homme.
Microfinance and low-income Belizean women: A Critical Stance on Microfinance
By Tricia Gideon, World YWCA Board Member from the YWCA of Belize.
“A true revolution of values will soon cause us to question the fairness and justice of many of our past and present policies. […] True compassion is more than flinging a coin to a beggar; It comes to see that an edifice which produces beggars needs restructuring.”
-Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Tricia Gideon
Tricia Gideon
Micro-finance is a development approach that offers financial and social services to low-income groups using social capital as collateral. Micro-finance institutions (MFIs) have helped to increase women’s income and nutritional intake and have all offered health and educational services in areas where they operate and have assisted women to eke out a survival in the informal economy, but none of them have encouraged women to rethink the way relations in society are constructed, let alone actively challenge those relations. Women are responding to micro-finance programmes out of distress to meet family needs and not because new opportunities have presented themselves.
Westley (2005, p.3) enumerates many factors threatening the financial viability of Caribbean MFIs: (1) low repayment rates (due to poor MFI enforcement), (2) high transaction costs due to small economies and populations sizes, making it difficult to take advantage of economies of scale, and (3) heavily subsidized loans which all contribute to a non-expansive micro-finance sector. Also, unemployment and under-employment rates and educational and income levels are higher in the Caribbean compared to Asia, Africa and Latin America; and social safety nets are relatively better than other low-income countries, presenting fewer possibilities for MFIs. With fewer possibilities for viable MFIs in Belize, the survival needs of poor Belizean women will not be met at an optimal level that will enable these women to overcome their poverty.
Micro-finance enterprises operate in the unregulated informal sector that lacks the social safety nets and better economic activities that single Belizean women need to maintain sustainable livelihoods. MFIs cannot use microenterprises as compensation for poor Belizean women’s limited access to a market economy nor can it offer these women the security they need in times of unexpected illnesses and expenses. In Belize, where female-headed households are a common feature, they need, even more than dual-headed households, to secure viable economic activities. More importantly, poor Belizean women cannot challenge their subordination if they are disconnected from the formal sector. Kabeer (1996, p.38-39, 44) contends the goal of MFIs should not be to draw women into a credit mechanism that locks them into a perpetual contract of small loans, but to empower them to gain access to bigger loans and better financial and non-financial services in the formal financial sector.
Of course pushing poor Belizean women into the formal sector will not automatically lead to their empowerment or reduce their domestic burden either, but it will address their survival needs far better than if they remain in the informal sector, for example, increasing their access to pensions, social security and unemployment benefits and other state benefits.
Micro-finance may further reduce government aid to low-income people and increase their reliance on external funding. With the introduction of microfinance and the desire to expand its coverage across the country, the Belizean state may find it easier to relinquish their social responsibilities for caring and providing for its citizens. Consequently, the burden to survive will rests upon poor Belizean women and men, instead of it becoming a social matter that involves the state and community. Also, Belizean microfinance projects receiving external funds run the risk of becoming more sensitive to their investors’ and donors’ needs than to the needs of poor Belizean women.
Micro-finance carries a short-term agenda that will insufficiently raise poor women’s income, bringing temporary relief to their economic situation without enacting structural change. Poor single women need viable and secure economic activities that connect them to the formal sector, so their basic needs are met at a level that will allow them to rise above their poverty and actively challenge the existing power imbalance that is the source of their poverty.
Talking Youth at the United Nations
By Ramya Kudekallu, World YWCA Programme Associate.
Ramya Kudekallu
ICMYO Delegates
ICMYO Delegates
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0.844814 | <urn:uuid:8483805d-53b8-4f07-8c17-cf5a7f741f76> | en | 0.825637 | Dimsey (Level 6)
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Attractive Lady Folk
I'm doing it for video game characters on Giant Bomb and Actresses over at Screened, but seeing as how i've been watching a fair bit more Anime then I used too I figured I'd do it here as well. Attractive Lady Folk, Anime edition.
1. Tomo Yamanobe
2. Bulma
3. Revy
4. Sylvia van Hossen
5. Maya Natsume
6. Hinata Hyuga
7. Kagero
8. Android 18
9. Mai Shiranui
10. Chun Li
11. Cammy White
12. Misty
13. Faye Valentine
14. Saeko Busujima
15. Korone
16. Satellizer el Bridget
17. Matsu
18. Musubi
19. Jubei Yagyuu
20. Matabei Gotou
21. Kei Kishimoto
22. Sei Sakuraoka
23. Queen's Blade
I did have a lot of individual Queens Blade characters here, but figured I'd save the space and just add the franchise. QB does ladies well, which is good because it's about all it has going for it really.
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0.117321 | <urn:uuid:9d08d631-f74e-49fb-9988-f49d548d157b> | en | 0.924208 | How Pressure Gauges Work?
Most gauges are constructed with bourdon tubes to measure vacuum and pressure. The bourdon tube flexes when pressure is applied, since it naturally wants to straighten out but cannot because it is linked to a geared movement. The linear movement is changed as it tries to flex, to a rotational one by means of small gears. The gears in-turn cause the pointer to indicate the measured pressure, in which gauges like this are designed for clean, non-clogging liquids and gases.
Q&A Related to "How Pressure Gauges Work"
To install a oil pressure gauge you will have to purchase the one at the auto parts store that you go to. The port to install the mechanical part is about six inches behind the oil
Pressure Gauge is usually resistive or capacitive type. Whenever pressure is applied, it's resistance or capacitance changes and internal circuit calculates value.
1. Switch off the power supply to the water pump. Open a faucet to drain the tank. 2. Use the wrench to unscrew the brass fitting of the gauge to the water system. Remove the gauge
1. Turn on the equipment that uses air or water from the compressor tank. Note the gauge's pressure reading while the tank is on. 2. Turn the pressure tank off. The gauge should read
Explore this Topic
A pressure gauge works by having bourdon tubes that are used to measure the pressure and vaccuum. The tube flexes when there is pressure applied. You can find ...
Pressure gauges work by measuring the pressure of the tires by what is called pounds per square inch. There is information located on the tire sidewall that instructs ...
A tyre pressure gauge is made up of the following parts: the head, a hollow tube, oiled piston and a spring. The spring, the most important part of the pressure ... | http://www.ask.com/question/how-pressure-gauges-work | dclm-gs1-117110002 | false | false | {
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0.078162 | <urn:uuid:f623cdc5-f38c-48d8-8768-2d5d4e48d368> | en | 0.965897 | What are the steps of the criminal justice system from the suspect's point of view?
Asked 9 months ago - Atlanta, GA
I have read a bunch of confusing explanations of the criminal justice system that talk about pre-trial hearings, bond hearings, arraignments, etc. I have seen complicated, but colorful, diagrams that serve more to obfuscate the process than to explain it. What I was hoping someone could provide is a reference that explained the system from the suspect's point of view. What can I expect if I am arrested on suspicion of the commission of a felony? What are my responsibilities? What do I have to keep track of? What sorts of deadlines exist (like for requesting your personal belongings that are not being used as evidence)? I don't want to know what everyone else is doing, just where will I be sleeping and what do I have to do to get through this nightmare? Any help?
Attorney answers (4)
1. Pro
Contributor Level 16
Lawyers agree
Answered . Hire a lawyer and let them worry about deadlines etc. You can address all these questions to your lawyer. Your question makes it sound like you are going to represent yourself. That is a terrible idea.
2. Pro
Contributor Level 13
Lawyers agree
Answered . Ben is right. Lawyers are generally highly trained and have dealt with issues like these time and time again. If you are in a position to retain a lawyer, choose one you trust as he or she will look out for your best interests and ensure that all these questions are answered and all of these issues are handled appropriately. To answer many of these questions-we would need more information from you. Feel free to reach out to me and I would be happy to see how I can help you.
3. Contributor Level 17
Lawyers agree
Answered . How it goes is largely up to you. After being arrested, IF you don't post bail immediately, you will attend a First Appearance hearing withing about 48 hours. IF you don't post bail after that, you will have a preliminary hearing scheduled within a week or so. iF you don't post bail after that, you can't seek lower bail in Superior Court. IF you are being held without bail, you will be indicted within 90 days and set for arraignment sometime after that. Now you are in Superior Court and the real fun begins.
If you are considering trying to represent yourself, you are making a huge mistake.
All of your belongings will be at the jail until you leave or sign them out to a friend or family member.
4. Contributor Level 3
Lawyer agrees
Answered . You ask very good questions, and we all must admit that the criminal justice system is far from perfect and can be a very intimidating place to be. I've been practicing for 20 years now in criminal law exclusively, and from the "suspect's" point of view I agree with your concerns. That is the very reason why you must sit down with an attorney to guide you through the process. Nothing should be too difficult for a competent criminal defense attorney.
To answer your question directly, with only the information you provided, if you are arrested on felony charge, expect to see a judge within 48 hours. As long as it is a bondable felony offense you can post bond, although in many cases, you may not have a preliminary hearing once you have posted bond. Feel free to call me to further discuss your case further, or at a minimum, contact an attorney that you are comfortable with as soon as you can.
Teri Thompson, Attorney
1745 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive
Atlanta, GA 30314
Office: 404-576-8262
Email: teri@terithompsonllc.com
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Browse our legal dictionary | http://www.avvo.com/legal-answers/what-are-the-steps-of-the-criminal-justice-system--1159744.html | dclm-gs1-117120002 | false | false | {
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0.026458 | <urn:uuid:4bf25a58-cc10-4ad6-8e5f-2487573d8926> | en | 0.955547 | Vegetarians. The Plague Doctor 1 child; 5 angel babies; Louisville, KY, United States 26986 posts
10th Feb '13
My husband is going on a low-purine diet for gout managment, and I've made the decision to do it woth him for support and my own health. For the most part we'll be living on grains, fruits and veggies as it's suggested we consume no more than 6oz of poultry and fish daily.
So...vegetarians, I need your help. I've never restricted my meat intake so drastically before. I love fruits, but for some reason just have never really been a fan of veggies. What are some of the staples of a vegetarian diet? Where are some good places to find vegetarian recipes? Any recommended reading materials?
I need some enlightenment here, lol. Since fruits, vegetables and grains are going to be the primary staples in our diet I figured vegetarians would be my go-to people for advice.
BOB MARLEY Chicago, IL, United States 15339 posts
10th Feb '13
I'm not a vegetarian but I know quite a bit about the diet. I will edit this post when I get on my computer.
Momof"5" 69 kids; Indiana 164 posts
10th Feb '13
Watching as I have kidney disease and gout. I am not eating meat, fish, eggs milk products and beans and nuts. I could use some help too ...thanks!
user banned California 36390 posts
11th Feb '13
I make veggie fajitas, stir-fry, veggie fried rice, a veggie pot pie type thing. I eat a lot of beans, too.
11th Feb '13
Watching. I think a lot of it is to make sure you're still consuming enough protein and iron which you can get from many other foods. But I'm also not a veggie person :( I like fruits but I can only eat so much without getting a belly ache.
B♥Z 2 kids; Williamsport, Maryland 14245 posts
11th Feb '13
I am not a vegetarian but my favorite meatless meal is Spaghetti squash lasagna by Skinnytaste. Look it up! | http://www.babygaga.com/t-2446245/vegetarians.html | dclm-gs1-117130002 | false | false | {
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0.024783 | <urn:uuid:cce34348-9769-4b77-80d8-46ae9747e1b0> | en | 0.842308 | Tag Archives: Charles Dickens
WATCH: Dame Helen Mirren on Why Charles Dickens Endures
As we celebrate the 200th birthday of Charles Dickens, we hear from Dame Helen Mirren herself on why the author’s work remains relevant. (Interview by Tom Brook.)
Five Ways You Can Celebrate Charles Dickens’ 200th Birthday
“We meet on this day,” Charles Dickens said in a speech marking the tricentennial anniversary of William Shakespeare‘s birth, “to celebrate the birthday of a vast army of living men and women who will live for ever ...
WATCH: Felicity Jones Talks Dickens, Warren Beatty, and Her Oscar Chances
British actress Felicity Jones has a new project in the works starring in a film called The Invisible Woman. | http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/tag/charles-dickens/page/2/ | dclm-gs1-117140002 | false | false | {
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0.569343 | <urn:uuid:ebde54a6-ca14-4b38-83dc-9bf6c5906c8a> | en | 0.970257 | The Ugliest Truck Ever
I was driving down I-20 in Atlanta on my way to our Tuesday night ride when I saw a truck so hideous that I had to take a picture. Seriously, what are people thinking?! As you can see by the picture, this Ford F350 crew cab dully has FAKE BLINGED OUT WHEELS attached to the regular ones! | http://www.bike198.com/tag/the-ugliest-truck-in-the-world/ | dclm-gs1-117210002 | false | false | {
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0.732282 | <urn:uuid:01941001-6962-42f2-9436-c63d27823ab5> | en | 0.921443 | Singlespeed & Fixed Gear - anyone know if this seatpost will work with a flite saddle?
01-09-12, 01:54 PM
I know lots of njs seatposts take 30mm rails but I've seen a couple that take the 44mm rails.
What about the SP-7410?
Anyone know if this takes 44mm? If it takes 40mm is 4mm a big stretch?
Edit: nevermind, found my answer.
01-09-12, 02:17 PM
I have the same Dura Ace seatpost but mine is not njs stamped. The seller does not list the rail measurements, why dont you ask him to confirm. | http://www.bikeforums.net/archive/index.php/t-791366.html | dclm-gs1-117220002 | false | false | {
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0.023906 | <urn:uuid:4ab28d71-1fde-4939-a533-ee49b17f493f> | en | 0.959482 | The Boston Globe
Black people still face challenges in economic equality, report says
This year’s report, ‘‘Redeem the Dream: Jobs Rebuild America,’’ identifies unemployment as the biggest barrier to that progress.
According to the report, released Wednesday during the league’s annual legislative conference, 75 percent of black adults had not completed high school 50 years ago, compared with 15 percent of black adults today.
At the college level, there are now 3.5 times more black students aged 18-24 enrolled, and five times as many black adults with a college degree.
But there has been much less change between black people and white people on the economic ladder, with indicators such as employment, income, and home ownership.
On average, black people remain twice as likely as white people to be unemployed and earn less than two-thirds the income of white people.
For every dollar that white people earn, black people earn 60 cents, the report said.
These include education, economics, health, social justice, and civic engagement. | http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2013/04/10/blacks-still-face-challenges-economic-equality-report-says/5ClFWZjZYJaZV4KeeIFJjI/story.html | dclm-gs1-117260002 | false | false | {
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0.093511 | <urn:uuid:2143ad30-546c-45e7-8ffe-292fa5d51ea3> | en | 0.94475 | Natalie Portman
Cool beauty ... Natalie Portman's dramatic eyes and lips suit the season.
Just when you're getting used to the fresher days of autumn, just as you're retiring the self-tanner and stretching the waxing appointments, then it happens. The hot day. Or, as over Easter in Melbourne, three very hot days then a couple of coldies. Trans-seasonal dressing is all very well but how do you approach trans-seasonal beauty and grooming?
One day you need super sunblock max because you're at the beach after work. The next - literally in these interesting southern climes - you need the ultra-rich moisturiser as you're sitting under ducted heating in front of the TV eating chocolate. One day your hair's being fried and stripped of its expensive colour in the midday sun, the next it's rediscovering childhood curl in a spring shower. Er, autumn shower. See how confusing it can be?
Lose the bronzer. Bin the self-tanner and let true skin colour give you an autumnal freshness and sincerity.
Trans-seasonal dressing, in contrast, is a doddle. It's just layering. Fashion editors make a hoo-ha about layering and cite Londoners and Melburnians as rare true perfectors of a mysterious and difficult art. But, as a long-term former and current resident of both cities and a long-time fashion writer, I'll let you in on a secret: it's just layering. Put on a singlet top under your shirt. Add a vest or a cardigan. Wear tights and remember to take a jacket. Done. Unconvinced? Wear boots instead of flats with your jeans and top and remember to take a jacket. Done. Easy.
Not so makeup. Just as white linen trousers look daft on even the hottest of April days - they're just too high summer - so too do really tanned limbs, crazy beach hair and glassy lipgloss. Even if the temperature soars and you shed layers, there has to be a nod to the fact that is actually autumn. There has to be an acknowledgment to the new season and its colours and textures. I don't mean plum-brown nail polish when you give your Fifties-style pastel bikini a last outing. I mean plum-brown nail polish on the toes to anchor a white T-shirt and jeans to the season. A darker, more sophisticated shade of lipstick with a frock (to which you might wear boots rather than sandals). Mixing it up a bit, making it fashion-forward while still practical through makeup rather than fashion.
Try it. Use a velvety or matt medium-coverage liquid foundation, for example, instead of a tinted moisturiser to see you through a warm day into the inevitably cooler evening. Lose the bronzer. Bin the self-tanner and let your true skin colour give you an autumnal freshness and sincerity. Use the beautiful new eye colours (most brands are launching their collections in Australia this month) when you're wearing short-sleeved tops - don't wait for the woollies. Try a more dramatic eye. It will make the summer diehards look a little pathetic. Get with the program. Even if there's the odd warm day, it's autumn, it's been Easter, and it's time for the new. | http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/lifestyle/beauty/blogs/beauty-beat/seasonally-adjusted-makeup-20120407-1wiea.html | dclm-gs1-117270002 | false | false | {
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No doubt, the European crisis is far from being solved - but that's hardly the only potential economic catastrophe looming on the horizon.
Now that would be truly bad news.
And now we could be in for a repeat.
Here's how.
A Disruptive Disconnect
• The Yield Curve: Central bankers have kept short-term interest rates far below the level of long-term rates and have made it clear that they will intervene if long-term rates rise. Banks can borrow short-term, lend in the long-term markets, and through this "gapping" use massive leverage to boost their returns.
• Regulatory Loopholes: Basel Committee banking regulations currently allow banks to escape allocating capital to their holdings of Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) government debt. These regulations allow banks to play the gapping/leverage game without limit, provided they invest in government or government-guaranteed bonds. This has financed the gigantic budget deficits of recent years. However, it has also "crowded out" private sector lending.
• Limitations On Capital: Banks have ample liquidity, but they have only a finite store of capital. Accordingly, if regulators force banks to hold more capital, their loan volume will be limited and they will no longer be able to expand lending (other than to governments). Currently, banks can only raise more capital at below their net asset value, diluting their existing shareholders.
Even the "shadow" banking sector - the brokerages, money market funds, hedge funds and structured investment vehicles that provided massive lending volumes before 2008 - cannot help much now.
Structured investment vehicles are, for obvious reasons, a lot less popular than they were before 2008. Hedge funds were until this year even more popular than before 2008, but their suddenly cautious bankers don't let them leverage themselves like they used to. Money market funds have shrunk because their returns have been pathetic for the last three years. Meanwhile, inflation has risen, eroding the real value of their investors' capital.
So the shadow banking system won't be able to make up for lending cutbacks in the banks.
Indeed, the string on which the Fed is pushing is completely slack, and another $1 trillion of Fed monetary stimulus won't lead to even an extra dollar of productive loans.
The solution?
Interest rates need to rise. That will increase the supply of savings, reduce the ability of banks to make money through gapping/leverage games, and restore the linkage between massive systemic liquidity and sluggish productive lending.
Of course, while Ben Bernanke and other current central bankers are in charge, higher interest rates are off the table - regardless of how beneficial they might be.
Now here's what that means for 2012.
Preparing for the 2012 Recession
With interest rates so low and banks so restricted, the chance of a true credit crunch is quite high.
That means countries with large budget deficits - notably Britain, Japan, and the United States - could suddenly see interest rates rise and funding dry up abruptly.
Emerging markets would be divided into those with ample domestic savings or currency reserves - China, Taiwan, Singapore and Chile, for example - and those with bloated public sectors and extravagant consumers - the majority of Latin America, Brazil and India.
Liquid emerging markets would do fine, but illiquid emerging markets would suffer badly - think Latin America in the 1980s and Asia after 1997.
In the private sector, businesses such as aircraft financing and commercial real estate that are chunky and not especially people-intensive could find funding through the shadow banking system, albeit at higher rates than they are used to. However, small businesses and trade finance would find funding much harder to come by.
The existence of vast pools of liquidity would support commodity prices, unless the world suffered a major economic downturn. And gold and silver, which are safe havens in times of crisis that do not depend on a smoothly functioning banking system for their support, would probably do quite well.
The bottom line is that in spite of, or to some extent because of, the efforts of Bernanke and his cronies, a credit crunch and another massive drop in world trade volumes is quite likely in 2012.
Only a modest money market shock would set one off, and with Europe tottering such a shock seems very likely indeed. We should be prepared.
To safeguard against any trouble, you might consider the iShares MSCI Singapore Index ETF (NYSE: EWS), the iShares MSCI Taiwan Index ETF (NYSE: EWT), and the Aberdeen Chile Fund (NYSE: CH), which I recently recommended in my 2012 emerging markets outlook.
It'd also be a good idea to add to your precious metals holdings through the SPDR Gold Trust ETF (NYSE: GLD). Don't hedge this risk through gold alone, however. If the 2008 crunch repeated exactly, its price would fall rather than rise.
Job Market Won't Normalize Until At Least 2023
U.S. Economy In Crisis: How To Prepare For The New 2012 Recession
Why the Economics of the Airline Industry are Hopeless
This post originally appeared at Money Morning.
This post originally appeared at Money Morning. Copyright 2013. | http://www.businessinsider.com/brace-yourself-for-a-repeat-of-2008-2011-12 | dclm-gs1-117310002 | false | false | {
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0.018871 | <urn:uuid:70b13c71-bae3-4d5c-b6e6-a6f4239a8623> | en | 0.849067 | Canada’s Unenviable Royal Race To The Past
Canada's Peacekeeping Memorial in Ottawa
IMG 21131 300x225 Canadas Unenviable Royal Race To The Past
By: Obert Madondo | The Canadian Progressive
This uninformed race to the past unmasks the Conservatives. It exposes their dangerous parochialism and nationalistic tendencies. It limits Canada’s heritage to our gallant participation in World War 1 and World War 2. That colonialism is also our heritage the Conservatives are unaware.
The “Royal” forces defended the now-defunct British Empire and its shameless campaign of mass murder and conquest.
In 1968, Canada broke a few links in its Royal shackles. We moved a step toward national sovereignty. Liberal Defence Minister Paul Hellyer ditched the Royal designation when he merged the Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force and the Canadian Army. This was a progressive move by the government of peacenik Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson. Canada embraced an enviable global peacekeeping and nation-building role.
But Canada didn’t completely ditch Her Majesty. A regal crown remained a distinguishing feature on the bages of the air force, navy and army. The bombastic names of our naval vessels never ditched the prefix HMCS – Her Majesty’s Canadian Ship. HMCS Tecumseh, for example.
And yet, the Conservatives’ rebranding is not just about embracing a receding past. It also affirms Canada’s new militaristic foreign policy. It glorifies the Canadian military’s robust military role in Canadian every day life under Harper.
There’s no better way to show disdain for Canada’s aspirations for full national sovereignty.
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0.375869 | <urn:uuid:39460b31-d66a-4dca-90f6-e2853ba98ee1> | en | 0.840886 | \chapter[An Introduction to Food Webs]{An Introduction to Food Webs, and Lessons from Lotka--Volterra Models} A food web is a real or a model of a \emph{set of feeding relations among species or functional groups}. This chapter has two foci, (i) a very brief introduction to multi-species webs as networks, and (ii) a re-examination of old lessons regarding the effect of food chain length on a web's dynamical properties. \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \begin{minipage}[c]{.35\linewidth} \centering \includegraphics[width=3cm]{web1} \end{minipage} \begin{minipage}[c]{.35\linewidth} \centering \begin{tabular}{c| c c c c } & \multicolumn{4}{c}{\emph{~As predators~}}\\ \emph{~As prey~} & ~R~ & ~B~ & ~A~ & ~P~\\ \hline R&0&$-$&$-$&$-$\\ B&$+$&0&0&$-$\\ A&$+$&0&0&0\\ P&$+$&$+$&0&0\\ \end{tabular}\\ \end{minipage} \caption{Two representations of a food web with 4 nodes and 8 directed links. The link label ``v'' indicates the proportion of $P$'s diet comprised of $R$.} \label{fig:web} \end{figure} \section{Food Web Characteristics} \index{food web characteristics} We need language to describe the components of a food web, such as \emph{\index{links}links} and \emph{\index{nodes}nodes}, and we also need language to describe the properties of a web as a whole. Generally speaking, networks such as food webs have \emph{emergent properties} \cite{May:2006lr}, such as the number of nodes in the network. Emergent properties are typically considered to be nothing more than characteristics which do not exist at simpler levels of organization. For instance, one emergent property of a population is its density, because population density cannot be measured in an individual; that is why density is an \index{emergent property}emergent property.\footnote{If we assume no supernatural or spectral interference, then we can also assume that density arises mechanistically from complicated interactions among individuals and their environments, rather than via magic. Other scientists will disagree and say that properties like density that appear to be simple additive aggregates do not qualify for the lofty title of ``emergent property.''} While all food web models are based on simple pairwise interactions, the resulting emergent properties of multispecies webs quickly become complex due to indirect interactions and coupled oscillations \cite{Berlow:2004yq,Vandermeer:2006fj}. In addition, any extrinsic factor (e.g., seasonality) that might influence species interactions may also influence the emergent properties of food webs. A few important \index{network}network descriptors and emergent properties include, \begin{description} \item[\textbf{Node}] A point of connection among links, a.k.a. \index{trophospecies}trophospecies; each node in the web may be any set of organisms that share sufficiently similar feeding relations; in Fig. \ref{fig:web}, $P$ may be a single population of one species, or it may be a suite of species that all feed on both $B$ and $R$. \item[\textbf{Link}] A feeding relation; a connection between nodes or trophospecies; may be directed (one way) or undirected. A directed link is indicated by an arrow, and is the effect ($+,\,-$) of one species on another. An undirected link is indicated by a line (no arrow head), and is merely a connection, usually with positive and negative effects assumed, but not quantified. \item [\textbf{\index{connectance}Connectance}] The proportion of possible links realized. Connectance may be based on either directed, $C_{D}$, or undirected, $C_{U}$, links. For Fig. \ref{fig:web} these would be \begin{gather*} C_{D}=\frac{L}{S^{2}}=\frac{8}{16}=0.5 \\ C_{U}=\frac{L}{\left(S^2-S\right)/2}=\frac{4}{6}=0.67 \end{gather*} where $S$ is the number of species or nodes. \item [\textbf{\index{degree distribution}Degree distribution}, $\mathrm{Pr}(i)$] The probability that a randomly chosen node will have degree $i$, that is, be connected to $i$ other nodes \cite{May:2006lr}. In Fig. \ref{fig:web}, $A$ is of degree 1 (i.e., is connected to one other species). $P$ and $B$ are of degree 2, and $R$ is of degree 3. If we divide through by the number of nodes (4, in Fig. \ref{fig:web}), then the \emph{degree distribution} consists of the probabilities $\mathrm{Pr}\left(i\right)=\{0.25,\,0.5,\,0.25\}$. As webs increase in size, we can describe this distribution as we would a statistical distribution. For instance, for a web with randomly placed connections, the degree distribution is the binomial distribution \cite{Cohen1990d}. \item[\textbf{\index{characteristic path length}Characteristic \index{path length|see{characteristic path length}}path length}] Sometimes defined as the average shortest path between any two nodes \cite{Dunne2002}. For instance, for Fig. \ref{fig:web}, the shortest path between $P$ and $R$ is 1 link, and between $A$ and $P$ is 2 links. The average of all pairwise shortest paths is $(1+1+1+1+2+2)/6=1.\bar{3}$. It is also sometimes defined as the average of \emph{all paths} between each pair of nodes. \item[\textbf{Compartmentation}, $C_I$] The degree to which subsets of species are highly connected or independent of other species.\smallskip To calculate \index{compartmentation}compartmentation in a food web, first assume each species interacts with itself. Next, calculate the proportion of shared interactions, $p_{ij}$ for each pair of species, by comparing the lists of species with which each species in a pair interacts. The numerator of $p_{ij}$ is the number of species with which both of the pair interact. The denominator is the total number of different species with which either species interacts. \medskip As an example, let's calculate this for the above food web (Fig. \ref{fig:web}). $A$ interacts with $A$ and $R$, $B$ interacts with $B$, $R$, and $P$. Therefore, $A$ and $B$ both interact with only $R$, whereas, together, $A$ and $B$ interact with $A$, $B$, $R$, and $P$. The proportion, $p_{ij}$, therefore is $1/4 = 0.25$. We do this for each species pair. \smallskip Next we sum the proportions, and divide the sum by the maximum possible number of undirected links, $C_U$. \begin{table}[h] \begin{minipage}[c]{.48\linewidth} \centering \begin{tabular}{l| c c c } Species & A & B & P\\ \hline R&2/4&3/4&3/4\\ A& &1/4&1/4\\ B& & &3/3 \end{tabular} \end{minipage} \hfill \begin{minipage}[c]{.48\linewidth} \begin{align*} \label{eq:ci} C_{I}&=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{S-1}\sum_{j=i+1}^{S}p_{ij}}{\left(S^2-S\right)/2}\\ &=3.5/6\\ &=0.58 \end{align*} \end{minipage} \end{table} To reiterate: For any pair of species, $i$ and $j$ ($i\neq j$), $p_{ij}$ is the proportion of shared interactions, calculated from the number of species that interact with \emph{both} species $i$ and $j$, divided by the number of species that interact with \emph{either} species $i$ or species $j$. As above, $S$ is the number of species or nodes in the web. \item [\textbf{Trophic~Level}] \index{trophic position}Trophic \emph{position} may simply be categorized as basal, intermediate or top trophic positions. Basal positions are those in which the trophospecies feed on no other species. The top positions are those in which the trophospecies are fed upon by nothing. One can also calculate a quantitative measure of trophic \emph{level}. This is important in part because omnivory, something rampant in real food webs, complicates identification of a trophic level. We can calculate \index{trophic level}trophic level for the top predator, $P$ (Fig. \ref{fig:web}), and let us assume that $P$ gets two-thirds of what it needs from $B$, and gets one-third from $A$. $B$ itself is on the second trophic level, so given that, the trophic level of $P$ is calculated as \begin{equation*} T_{i}=1+\sum_{j=1}^{S}T_{j}p_{ij}=1+\left(2\left(0.67\right)+1\left(0.33\right)\right)=2.67 \end{equation*} where $T_{i}$ is the trophic level of species $i$, $T_{j}$ is the trophic level of prey species $j$, and $p_{ij}$ is the proportion of the diet of predator $i$ consisting of prey $j$. \item [\textbf{\index{omnivory}Omnivory}] Feeding on more than one \emph{trophic} level ($v>0$, Fig. \ref{fig:web}); it is \emph{not} merely feeding on different species or resources. \item [\textbf{\index{intraguild predation}Intraguild predation}] A type of omnivory in which predation occurs between consumers that share a resource; in Fig. \ref{fig:web} $P$ and $B$ share prey $R$. When $P$ gets most of its energy from $B$, we typically refer to that as omnivory ($v<0.5$); when $P$ gets most of its energy from $R$, we typically refer to that as intraguild predation ($v>0.5$). \end{description} This list of food web descriptors is a fine start but by no means exhaustive. \section{Food chain length --- an emergent property} There are many interesting questions about food webs that we could address; let us address one that has a long history, and as yet, no complete answer: What determines the length of a \index{food chain length}food chain? Some have argued that chance plays a large role \cite{Cohen1990d, Hubbell2001, Williams2000a}, and others have shown that area \cite{MacArthur1967, Rosenzweig1995} or ecosystem size \cite{Post:2002bs} may play roles. The explanation that we will focus on here is \emph{dynamical stability}. Communities with more species had been hypothesized to be less stable, and therefore less likely to persist and be observed in nature. Stuart Pimm and John Lawton \cite{Pimm1977} extended this work by testing whether \emph{food chain length} could be limited by the instability of long food chains \cite{Post:2002bs}. \subsection{Multi-species Lotka--Volterra notation} A many-species \index{Lotka--Volterra!food web}Lotka--Volterra model can be represented in a very compact form, \begin{equation} \label{eq:compact} \frac{\D X_{i}}{\D t}=X_{i}\left(b_{i}+\sum_{j=1}^{S}a_{ij}X_{j}\right) \end{equation} where $S$ is the number of species in the web, $b_i$ is the intrinsic rate of increase of species $i$ (i.e. $r_i$), and $a_{ij}$ is a per capita effect of species $j$ on species $i$. When $i=j$, $a_{ij}$ refers to an \emph{intra}specific effect, which is typically negative. Recall that in our earlier chapters on competition, we used $\alpha_{ii}$ to represent intraspecific per capita effects. Here for notational convenience, we leave $i$ and $j$ in the equation, realizing that $i=j$ for intraspecific interactions. Further, we let $a_{ij}$ be any sign, either positive or negative, and sum the effects. If we let $X=N$, $b=r$, and $a=r \alpha$, then the following are equivalent: \begin{gather*} \dot{N_1} =r_1N_1\left(1-\alpha_{11}N_1 - \alpha_{12}N_2\right)\\ \dot{X} =X_1\left(b_1+a_{11}X_1+a_{12}X_2 \right) \end{gather*} The notation in eq. \ref{eq:compact} is at once both simple and flexible. When $a_{ij}$ is negative, it may represent competition or the effect of a predator, $j$, on its prey, $i$. When $a_{ij}$ is positive, it may represent mutualism or the effect of prey~$j$ on a predator~$i$. \subsection{Background} In the early and mid-1970's, Robert May and others demonstrated that important predictions could be made with relatively simple Lotka--Volterra models \cite{May1973ab}, and this work still comprises an important compendium of lessons for ecologists today \cite{May:2006lr}. May used simple Lotka--Volterra models to show that increasing the number of species in a food web tended to make the food web less stable \cite{May1973ab, May1972}. In species-rich webs, species were more likely to become extinct. Further, he showed that the more connections there were among species in the web (higher connectance), and the stronger those connections (higher interaction strength), the \emph{less} stable the web. At the time, this ran counter to a prevailing sentiment that more diverse ecosystems were more stable, and led to heated discussion. \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \subfloat[]{\includegraphics[width=1.55cm]{PimmandLawtonA.pdf}\label{A}}\qquad \subfloat[]{\includegraphics[width=5cm]{PimmandLawtonE.pdf}\label{E}}\qquad \subfloat[]{\includegraphics[width=3cm]{PimmandLawtonB.pdf}\label{B}} \caption[Three of the six webs investigated by Pimm and Lawton (1977).]{\subref{A}, \subref{E}, and \subref{B} correspond to Pimm and Lawton (1977) Figs. 1A, E, and B. Note that \subref{E} differs from \subref{A} in that \subref{E} has only two trophic levels instead of four. Note also that \subref{B} differs from \subref{A} only in that species 4 has an additional omnivorous link. All basal species exhibit negative density dependence.} \label{fig:PLABE} \end{figure} May used specific quantitative definitions of all of his ideas. He defined connectance as the proportion of interactions in a web, given the total number of all possible directed interactions (i.e., directed connectance). Thus a linear food chain with four species (Fig. \ref{A}), and intraspecific competition in the basal (bottom) species would have a connectance of $4/16=0.25$. May's definition of \index{interaction strength, quantified}interaction strength was the square root of the average of all $a_{ij}^2$ ($i \neq j$), \begin{equation} \label{eq:IS} I =\sqrt{ \frac{\sum_{i=1}^S\sum_{j=1, i \neq j}^S a_{ij}}{S^2-S}}. \end{equation} Squaring the $a_{ij}$ focuses on magnitudes, putting negative and positive values on equal footing. An important component of May's work explored the properties of {\em randomly} connected food webs. At first glance this might seem ludicrous, but upon consideration, we might wonder where else one could start. Often, simpler (in this case, random) might be better. The conclusions from the \index{random connection models}random connection models act as null hypotheses for how food webs might be structured; deviations from May's conclusions might be explained by deviations from his assumptions. Since this work, many ecologists have studied the particular ways in which webs in nature appear non-random. One conclusion May derived was a threshold between stability and instability for random webs, defined by the relation \begin{equation} \label{eq:1} I\left( S C_D \right)^{1/2} = 1 \end{equation} where $I$ is the average \index{interaction strength, average}interaction strength, $S$ is the number of species, and $C_D$ is directed connectance. If $I\left( S C \right)^{1/2} > 1$, the system tended to be unstable (Fig. \ref{fig:may1}). Thus, if we increase the number of species, we need to decrease the average interaction strength if we want them to persist. The larger and more tightly connected (larger $I$, $S$, and $C_D$) the web, the more likely it was to come crashing down. Therefore, if longer food chains were longer by virtue of having more species, they would be less stable because of the extra species, if for no other reason. \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{MayCriteria1} \caption{\small Relation between the average interaction strength and the number of species able to coexist (here directed connectance is $C_D = 0.3$). The line represents the maximum number of species that are predicted to be able to coexist at equilibrium. Fewer species could coexist, but, on average, more species cannot coexist at equilibrium.} \label{fig:may1} \end{figure} Pimm and Lawton felt that it seemed reasonable that long chains might be less stable also because predator-prey dynamics appear inherently unstable, and a connected series of unstable relations seemed less likely to persist than shorter chains. They tested whether food chain length \emph{per se}, and not the number of species, influenced the stability of food chains. Another question they addressed concerned omnivory. At the time, surveys of naturally occurring food webs had indicated that omnivory was rare \cite{Pimm1978}. Pimm and Lawton tested whether omnivory stabilized or destabilized food webs \cite{Pimm1977,Pimm1978}. Like May, Pimm and Lawton \cite{Pimm1977} used Lotka--Volterra models to investigate their ideas. They designed six different food web configurations that varied food chain length, but held the number of species constant (Fig. \ref{fig:PLABE}). For each food web configuration, they varied randomly interaction strength and tested whether an otherwise randomly structured food web was stable. Their food webs included negative density dependence only in the basal species. Pimm and Lawton concluded that (i) shorter chains were more stable than longer chains, and (ii) omnivory destabilized food webs (Fig. \ref{fig:RTHist}). While these conclusions have stood the test of time, Pimm and Lawton failed to highlight another aspect of their data --- that omnivory shortened return times for those webs that were qualitatively stable (Fig. \ref{fig:histsAB}). Thus, omnivory could make more stable those webs that it didn't destroy. Subsequent work has elaborated on this, showing that weak omnivory is very likely to stabilize food webs \cite{McCann1998, McCann1997}. \section{Implementing Pimm and Lawton's Methods} Here we use \R~code to illustrate how one might replicate, and begin to extend, the work of Pimm and Lawton \cite{Pimm1977}. In previous chapters, we began with explicit time derivatives, found partial derivatives and solved them at their equilibria. Rather than do all this, Pimm and Lawton bypassed these steps and went straight to the evaluated Jacobian matrix. They inserted random estimates for the elements of the Jacobian into each non-zero element in the food web matrix. These estimates were constrained within (presumably) reasonable limits, given large less abundant predators and small more abundant prey. Their methods followed this approach. \begin{compactenum} \item Specify a food web interaction matrix.\footnote{In the original publication, webs E and D seem to be represented incorrectly.} \item Include negative density dependence for basal species only. \item Set upper and lower bounds for the effects of predators on prey ($0$ to $-10$) and prey on predators($0$ to $+0.1$); these are the Jacobian elements. \item Generate a large number of random Jacobian matrices and perform linear stability analysis. \item Determine qualitative stability (test $\lambda_1<0$), and return time for each random matrix. Use these to examine key features of the distributions of return times (e.g., average return time). \item Compare the stability and return times among different food web configurations that varied systematically in food chain length and the presence of omnivory, but held the number of species constant. \end{compactenum} It is worth discussing briefly the \index{Jacobian elements}Jacobian elements. May \cite{May1973ab} defined interaction strength as the Jacobian element of a matrix, which represents the \emph{total effect of one individual on the population growth rate of another species}. Think about how you calculate the Jacobian --- as the partial derivative of one species' growth rate with respect to the size of the other population. It is the instantaneous change in the \emph{population} growth rate per \emph{unit change} in the population of another, at the equilibrium. The units chosen for the Jacobian elements thus mean that individual predators have relatively much larger effects on the population growth rates of prey than \emph{vice versa}. Let's build a function that does what Pimm and Lawton did. There are an infinite number of ways to do this, but this will suffice. First, we'll create a matrix that represents \emph{qualitatively} the simplest longest food chain (Fig. \ref{A}) where each species feeds only on one other species and where no prey are fed upon by more than one consumer. Initially, we will use the values of greatest magnitude used by Pimm and Lawton. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > Aq = matrix(c(-1, -10, 0, 0, 0.1, 0, -10, 0, 0, 0.1, 0, -10, + 0, 0, 0.1, 0), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Note that this matrix indicates a negative effect of the basal species on itself, large negative effects ($-10$) of each consumer on its prey, and small positive effects of each prey on its consumer. For subsequent calculations, it is convenient to to find out from the matrix itself how big the matrix is, that is, how many species, $S$, are in the web. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > S <- nrow(Aq) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Next, we create a random realization of this matrix by multiplying each element times a unique random number between zero and 1. For this matrix, that requires $4^2$ unique numbers. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > M <- Aq * runif(S^2) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Next we perform eigenanalysis on it, retaining the eigenvalues. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > eM <- eigen(M)[["values"]] \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Pimm and Lawton tested whether the dominant eigenvalue was greater than 0 (unstable) and if less than zero, they calculated return time. We will simply record the dominant eigenvalue (the maximum of the real parts of the eigenvalues). \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > deM <- max(Re(eM)) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Given the stabilizing effect of the intraspecific negative density dependence, we will hang on to that as well. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > intraNDD <- sqrt(sum(diag(M)^2)/S) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Given lessons from May's work \cite{May1972}, we might also want to calculate the average interaction strength, not including the intraspecific interactions. Here we set the diagonal interactions equal to zero, square the remaining elements, find their average, and take the square root. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > diag(M) <- 0 > IS <- sqrt(sum(M^2)/(S * (S - 1))) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Recall that weak omnivory is supposed to stabilize food webs \cite{McCann1997}. For webs that include omnivory, we will calculate the interaction strength of omnivory in the same way we do for other interactions, as the square root of the average of the squared $a_{ij}$ (eq. \ref{eq:IS}). We can wrap all this up in a function where we specify the $i,\,j$ of one of the directed omnivorous links.\footnote{It does not matter which we specify, either the $ij$ or the $ji$.} \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > args(pimmlawton) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} function (mat, N = 1, omni.i = NA, omni.j = NA, omega = NULL) NULL \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} Now we can check this function for a single simulation for our first web, \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > set.seed(1) > pimmlawton(Aq) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} DomEig Im IntraDD I 1 -0.01593 0.4626 0.1328 2.304 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} Now let's do it 2000 times, as Pimm and Lawton did. Each row will be an independent randomization, and the columns will be the dominant eigenvalue, the intraspecific density dependence, and the average interaction strength. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > out.A <- pimmlawton(Aq, N = 2000) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} We might like to look at basic summary statistics of the information we collected --- what are their minima and maxima and mean? \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > summary(out.A) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} DomEig Im IntraDD I Min. :-2.28e-01 Min. :0.000 Min. :0.000178 Min. :0.265 1st Qu.:-4.30e-02 1st Qu.:0.301 1st Qu.:0.117873 1st Qu.:2.241 Median :-1.50e-02 Median :0.634 Median :0.245611 Median :2.851 Mean :-2.92e-02 Mean :0.592 Mean :0.246466 Mean :2.766 3rd Qu.:-3.53e-03 3rd Qu.:0.881 3rd Qu.:0.376127 3rd Qu.:3.369 Max. :-7.19e-08 Max. :1.373 Max. :0.499709 Max. :4.762 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} We see that out of 2000 random food chains, the largest dominant eigenvalue is still less than zero ($\lambda_1<0$). What does that mean? It means that all of the chains are qualitatively stable, and that the return times are greater than zero ($-1/\lambda_1>0$).\footnote{Recall that a negative return time indicates that any ``perturbation'' at the equilibrium would have been closer to zero at some time in the past, i.e., that the perturbation is growing.} May's work showed that stability is related to interaction strength. let's examine how the dominant eigenvalue is related to interaction strength.\footnote{Recall that if we think of stability analysis as the analysis of a small perturbation at the equilibrium, then the dominant eigenvalue is the growth rate of that perturbation.} \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > pairs(out.A) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{pairsA} \caption{Perturbations at the equilibrium tend to dissipate more rapidly (more negative dominant eigenvalues) with greater intraspecific negative density dependence (\textsf{IntraDD}) and greater interspecifiic interaction strength (\textsf{I}). This graph also demonstrates the independence of \textsf{IntraDD} and \textsf{I} in these simulations.} \label{fig:pairsA} \end{figure} The results of our simulation (Fig. \ref{fig:pairsA}) show that the dominant eigenvalue can become more negative with greater intraspecific negative density dependence (\textsf{IntraDD}) and greater intersepcifiic interaction strength (\textsf{I}). Recall what this means --- the dominant eigenvalue is akin to a perturbation growth rate at the equilibrium and is the negative inverse of return time. Therefore, stability can increase and return time decrease with increasing interaction strengths. Note also (Fig. \ref{fig:pairsA}) that many eigenvalues seem very close to zero --- what does this mean for return times? The inverse of a very small number is a very big number, so it appears that many return times will be very large, and therefore effectively zero. Let's calculate return times and examine a summary. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > RT.A <- -1/out.A[["DomEig"]] > summary(RT.A) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. 4.38e+00 2.32e+01 6.68e+01 1.17e+04 2.83e+02 1.39e+07 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} We find that the maximum \index{return time}return time is a very large number, and even the median is fairly large (67). In an every changing world, is there any meaningful difference between a return time of 1000 generations \emph{vs.} neutral stability? Pimm and Lawton addressed this by picking an arbitrarily large number (150) and recording the percentage of return times greater than that. This percentage will tell us the percentage of webs are not ``effectively'' stable. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > sum(RT.A > 150)/2000 \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} [1] 0.348 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} Now let's extract the return times that are less than or equal to 150 and make a histogram with the right number of divisions or bins to allow it to look like the one in the original \cite{Pimm1977}. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > A.fast <- RT.A[RT.A < 150] > A.slow <- RT.A[RT.A >= 150] > histA <- hist(A.fast, breaks = seq(0, 150, by = 5), main = NULL) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} This histogram (Fig. \ref{hA}) provides us with a picture of the stability for a food chain like that in Fig. \ref{A}. Next, we will compare this to other webs. \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \subfloat[Four level chain]{\includegraphics[width=.32\textwidth]{histA.pdf} \label{hA}} \subfloat[Two level chain]{\includegraphics[width=.32\textwidth]{histE.pdf} \label{hE}} \subfloat[Four levels + omnivory]{\includegraphics[width=.32\textwidth]{histB.pdf} \label{hB}} \caption{Histograms for three of the six food chains (A, E, and B) used by Pimm and Lawton.} \label{fig:RTHist} \end{figure} \section{Shortening the Chain} Now let's repeat all this (more quickly) for a shorter chain, but with the same number of species (Fig. \ref{E}). So, we first make the web function. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > Eq = matrix(c(-1, 0, 0, -10, 0, -1, 0, -10, 0, 0, -1, -10, + 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Next we run the 2000 simulations, and check a quick summary. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > out.E <- pimmlawton(Eq, N = 2000) > summary(out.E) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} DomEig Im IntraDD I Min. :-0.48631 Min. :0.000 Min. :0.0471 Min. :0.206 1st Qu.:-0.28429 1st Qu.:0.142 1st Qu.:0.3894 1st Qu.:2.301 Median :-0.20151 Median :0.674 Median :0.4901 Median :2.861 Mean :-0.20865 Mean :0.583 Mean :0.4805 Mean :2.799 3rd Qu.:-0.12473 3rd Qu.:0.897 3rd Qu.:0.5814 3rd Qu.:3.372 Max. :-0.00269 Max. :1.423 Max. :0.8346 Max. :4.772 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} The summary shows that, again, that all webs are stable ($\lambda_1<0$). A histogram of return times also shows very short return times (Fig. \label{hE}). Plots of $\lambda_1$ \emph{vs.} interaction strengths show that with this short chain, and three basal species that the role of intraspecfic density dependence becomes even more important, and the predator-prey interactions less important in governing $\lambda_1$. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > layout(matrix(1:2, nr = 1)) > plot(DomEig ~ IntraDD, data = out.E) > plot(DomEig ~ I, data = out.E) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=.95\linewidth]{E1} \caption{For a food chain with two levels, and three basal species, perturbation growth rate ($\lambda_1$) declines with increasing intraspecific negative density dependence (\textsf{IntraDD}) and is unrelated to predator-prey interaction strengths.} \label{fig:E1} \end{figure} Note that with the shorter food chain, a greater proportion of the $\lambda_1$ are more negative (farther away from zero) than in the four level food chain. Clearly then, shortening the web stabilizes it, in spite of still having the \emph{number} of species. Let us again categorize these as having long and short \index{return time}return times, and graph the distribution of the short ones. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > RT.E <- -1/out.E[["DomEig"]] > E.fast <- RT.E[RT.E < 150] > E.slow <- RT.E[RT.E >= 150] > histE <- hist(E.fast, breaks = seq(0, 150, by = 5), main = NULL) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} \section{Adding Omnivory} Real webs also have \index{omnivory}omnivory --- feeding on more than one trophic level. A nagging question, then and now, concerns the effect of omnivory on food web dynamics. Pimm and Lawton compared food web dynamics with and without omnivory. Let's now create the web (Fig. \ref{B}) that they used to compare directly with their linear food chain (Fig. \ref{A}). \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > Bq = matrix(c(-1, -10, 0, 0, 0.1, 0, -10, -10, 0, 0.1, 0, + -10, 0, 0.1, 0.1, 0), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} Next we run the 2000 simulations, and check a quick summary. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > out.B <- pimmlawton(Bq, N = 2000, omni.i = 2, omni.j = 4) > summary(out.B) \end{Sinput} \begin{Soutput} DomEig Im IntraDD I Min. :-0.182 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.000291 Min. :0.568 1st Qu.: 0.178 1st Qu.:0.0000 1st Qu.:0.125840 1st Qu.:2.707 Median : 0.527 Median :0.0000 Median :0.245658 Median :3.275 Mean : 0.576 Mean :0.0578 Mean :0.248152 Mean :3.217 3rd Qu.: 0.913 3rd Qu.:0.0000 3rd Qu.:0.371943 3rd Qu.:3.782 Max. : 1.839 Max. :1.2110 Max. :0.499965 Max. :5.389 I.omni Min. :0.00643 1st Qu.:1.70230 Median :3.45300 Mean :3.49159 3rd Qu.:5.24184 Max. :7.06030 \end{Soutput} \end{Schunk} With omnivory, we now see that most webs have $\lambda_1>0$, and thus are \emph{unstable}. This was one of the main points made by Pimm and Lawton. Let's look at the data. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > pairs(out.B) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} It means that most of the randomly constructed webs were not stable point equilibria. To be complete, let's graph what Pimm and Lawton did. \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > RT.B <- -1/out.B[["DomEig"]] > B.fast <- RT.B[RT.B < 150 & RT.B > 0] > out.B.fast <- out.B[RT.B < 150 & RT.B > 0, ] > out.B.stab <- out.B[RT.B > 0, ] > histB <- hist(B.fast, breaks = seq(0, 150, by = 5), main = NULL) \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} \subsection{Comparing Chain A versus B} Now let's compare the properties of the two chains, without, and with, omnivory, chains \textbf{A} and \textbf{B} (Figs. \ref{A}, \ref{B}). Because these are stochastic simulations, it means we have \emph{distributions} of results. For instance, we have a distribution of return times for chain \textbf{A} and a distribution for return times for chain \textbf{B}. That is, we can plot histograms for each of them. Pimm and Lawton compared their webs in common sense ways. They compared simple summaries, including \begin{itemize} \item the proportion of random webs that were stable (positive return times), \item the proportion of stable random webs with return times greater than 150. \end{itemize} Now let's try graphical displays. Rather than simply chopping off the long return times, we use base 10 logarithms of return times because the distributions are so right-skewed. We create a histogram\footnote{Note that now we use probabilities for the $y$-axis, rather than counts. The probability associated with any particular return time is the product of the height of the column and the width of the column (or bin).} of the return times for chain \textbf{A}, and nonparametric density functions for both chain \textbf{A} and \textbf{B}.\footnote{These density smoothers do a good job describing empirical distributions of continuous data, often better than histograms, which have to create discrete categories or ``bins'' for continuous data.} \begin{Schunk} \begin{Sinput} > hist(log(RT.A, 10), probability = T, ylim = c(0, 1), main = NULL, + xlab = expression(log[10]("Return Time"))) > lines(density(log(RT.A, 10))) > lines(density(log(RT.B[RT.B > 0], 10)), lty = 2, lwd = 2) > legend("topright", c("Chain A", "Chain B"), lty = 1:2, lwd = 1:2, + bty = "n") \end{Sinput} \end{Schunk} \begin{figure}[ht] \centering \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{histsAB} \caption{Comparing the distributions of return times for chain \textbf{A} and \textbf{B}. "Density" is probability density. The distribution of return times for chain \textbf{A} is the solid black line, and the distribution of return times for chain \textbf{B} is the dashed red line.} \label{fig:histsAB} \end{figure} By overlaying the density function of web B on top of web A return times (Fig. \ref{fig:histsAB}), we make an interesting observation. The omnivorous webs with positive return times (those plotted) actually tended to have shorter return times than the linear chain. Pimm and Lawton noted this, but did not emphasize it. Rather, they sensibly focused on the more obvious result, that over 90\% of the omnivorous webs had negative return times, indicating an absence of a stable point equilibrium. \section{Re-evaluating Take-Home Messages} The primary messages made by Pimm and Lawton\cite{Pimm1977} were that \begin{itemize} \item shorter webs are more stable than long chains, \item omnivory destabilized webs. \end{itemize} These conclusions were a major part of the lively debate surrounding these issues. It was consistent with the apparent observation of the time, that empirical food webs revealed little omnivory \cite{Pimm1977,Pimm1978}, and that food chains in nature seemed to be much shorter than could occur, if \index{primary productivity}primary productivity (green plants and algae) was channeled upwards into a linear chain. Let's consider their assumptions. First, Pimm and Lawton made the argument, as many others have (including us), that systems with stable point equilibria are more likely to persist than systems with oscillations, such as stable limit cycles. That is, we presume a strong correlation between the tendency to oscillate, and the tendency for species to become extinct (i.e., the system to collapse). It is easy to show that a system can be pushed from a stable equilibrium into oscillations which eventually become so big as to drive an element of the system to extinction. This is a very reasonable assumption, but one which is not challenged enough. Other measures of system stability could be used, such as the minimum that occurs in a long series of fluctuations \cite{Huxel1998,McCann1997}. Second, Pimm and Lawton ignored the effects of self-regulated basal species. By exhibiting negative density dependence, the basal species stabilized the web. When Pimm and Lawton made a shorter web, they also added more self-regulated populations. Thus, they necessarily confounded chain length with the number of species with negative density dependence. Which change caused the observed differences among webs? We don't know. Third, they assumed that the effect of web topology (i.e., short \emph{vs.} long chain) was best evaluated with the \emph{average} properties of the topology, rather than the maximum properties of the topology. By these criteria, webs without omnivory were clearly better. On average, webs without omnivory were more often stable than chains with omnivory, even if some of their return times tended to be quite long. Therefore, one might argue that if a web assembles in nature, it is more likely to persist (i.e., be stable) if it lacks omnivory. However, let us consider this preceding argument further. The world is a messy place, with constant insults and disturbances, and resources and environmental conditions fluctuating constantly. In addition, there is a constant rain of propagules dropping into communities, and species abundances are changing all the time. In a sense then, communities are being constantly perturbed. The only webs that can persist in the face of this onslaught are the \emph{most} stable ones, that is the ones with the shortest return times. We just showed that Pimm and Lawton's own analyses showed that \emph{the most stable webs tended to be those with \index{omnivory, stabilizing}omnivory}. Subsequent work supports this claim that omnivory is rampant in nature \cite{Polis1991}, and this is supported by theory that shows weak interactions, including omnivory, stabilize food webs \cite{McCann1998, McCann1997}. Pimm and Lawton made very important contributions to this lengthy debate, and we are finally figuring out how to interpret their results. \section{Summary} Over 35 years ago, May started using simple, highly artificial dynamical descriptions of communities, using mathematical approaches that had been well established, if somewhat controversial, more than 50 years earlier by Alfred Lotka, Vito Volterra, and others \cite{Kingsland:1985kx}. Such simple abstractions are still useful today \cite{Bolker2003a}. May's results, and those of Pimm and Lawton remain logical deductions that have resonance throughout community ecology. May, and Pimm and Lawton showed that under very simple assumptions, adding complexity usually destabilizes food webs. We have found that in practice, it is very difficult to build or restore structurally complex, speciose ecosystems \cite{Bakker:1999qa, Byers:2006bs}. Further, we all now realize that omnivory is quite widespread \cite{Thompson:2007uq}, and additional theory indicates that omnivory can actually stabilize food webs by speeding a return to equilibrium and bounding systems farther from minima \cite{McCann1998, Vandermeer:2006fr}. Simple Lotka--Volterra webs will likely reveal more interesting generalizations in the years ahead. % Problems or Exercises should be sorted chapterwise \section*{Problems} \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Problems} % % Use the following environment. % Don't forget to label each problem; % the label is needed for the solutions' environment % \begin{prob} % \label{prob1} % The problem\footnote{Footnote} is described here. The % problem is described here. The problem is described here. % \end{prob} % \begin{prob} % \label{prob1} % \textbf{Problem Heading}\\ % (a) The first part of the problem is described here.\\ % (b) The second part of the problem is described here. % \end{prob} \begin{prob} \textbf{General questions}\\ (a) For each web, write out all four species' differential equations, using row, column subscripts for each parameter. Label species 1 $X_1$ or $N_1$, and the others accordingly. \\ (b) State the type of predator functional response used in these models, explain how you know, and explain the effect that this type of response typically has on dynamics. \\ (c) Describe the role played by intraspecific negative density dependence in these models --- which species have it and what is it likely to do?\\ (d) Explain whether the results of this chapter support the contention that longer food chains are less stable.\\ (e) Explain whether the results of this chapter support the contention that omnivory destabilizes food chains. \end{prob} \begin{prob} \label{prob4} \textbf{More models}\\ (a) Rewrite the above code to replicate the rest of Pimm and Lawton's results.\\ (b) Replicate the results of Pimm and Lawton's companion paper \cite{Pimm1978}.\\ (c) Test the effects of intraspecific negative density dependence. Vary the average \emph{magnitude} of negative density dependence.\\ (d) Design a new simulation experiment of your own.\\ \end{prob} | http://www.cas.miamioh.edu/~stevenmh/primer/Chapters/Chap07/Chapter07.tex | dclm-gs1-117360002 | false | false | {
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RD writes:
in response to TN1234:
(This comment was removed by the site staff.)
The problem is people generally want a specific bogeyman and there were a large number of players and factors involved.
On the political side were both Democrats and Republicans, over regulation in some instances and under regulation in others.
It was of course not just the CRA and bundled securities but investments in new homes with ARMs that would have worked out if the whole thing had not tanked, the artificial inflation of housing prices through land use laws that led to even more "creative financing," the rising cost of energy and on and on.
Most, left and right however, are just going to buy into the talking points provided by the people they side with and not do a lot of work to find out how it all happened.
It's all very complicated and in many cases very, very, stupid.
As an aside, that damned constant pop up is going to drive people from this site.
I will personally not go to the advertiser's site as a matter of protest over the offensive attempt to force me to read it.
Once is enough CA, anything more is not only irritating but also extremely offensive.
(Nothing like forcing your readers to resent your advertisers).
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Webmaster writes:
So Braddock was arrested for the 3rd time THIS YEAR on drug charges at a scene where an MPD officer was killed, and he was released on $40k bond. Does anyone here feel safer with this guy on the streets? No, he didn't kill the officer, but he hangs out with people who are willing to.
The bond should have been alot higher considering the circumstances.
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TheKingfish writes:
Reduce taxes that punish the Producers of society such as payroll and income taxes. Move to consumption/sales taxes where all of the freeloaders of society pay, the 47% pay, the out of towners pay, the underground economy pays and illegals pay.
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0.173535 | <urn:uuid:f4d1bfe5-96f9-405b-938a-73e99be537a7> | en | 0.955251 | Trackside Conversation: Jeremy Burgess Ten minutes with Valentino Rossi’s Yamaha engineer.
Valentino Rossi and Jeremy Burgess discuss racing
As the MotoGP teams were putting their Laguna Seca pageant back into its shipping cases Sunday evening, I spied Jeremy Burgess. We talked briefly about tires and their temperature. He remarked, as Yamaha satellite rider Cal Crutchlow had said at an earlier round, that factory rider Jorge Lorenzo has his steering stem so far forward no one can figure out how he can brake like that.
What needs explaining here is that MotoGP steering heads are not the tubular affairs with which we grew up. In fact, they are much larger, often-oval affairs that permit not only changing the rake angle but also allow a fair amount of fore or aft movement of the front wheel. Insert plates, bored in pairs for the desired rake angle and front/rear position, are used to achieve these changes. Burgess’ rider, Valentino Rossi, is said to have his front end fairly far back in the head, which, by shortening the wheelbase, achieves a faster build up of weight on the front tire as braking begins. Lorenzo, the leading exponent of high corner speed, brakes earlier and more moderately than most of his competitors. This is not just a personal preference; the grip required for high corner speed would be upset by sudden brake application.
Think of the problem: As you approach your braking point for a corner, your front tire has been cooling since the last turn. Therefore, it lacks maximum grip because the cooler a tire becomes, the harder it gets and the less able it is to achieve maximum rubber-to-pavement contact by filling the pavement’s texture. If you just give the brake lever a good yank, the cool tire will slip rather than grip. If this happens at any angle of lean, the result can put you into the gravel. You must first “plant” the front tire by braking just hard enough to begin weight transfer to the front, compressing the fork and squashing the footprint to a larger size. Making the front tire carry most of the machine’s weight quickly drives its temperature, and its grip, upward. As grip increases, you can squeeze the lever progressively harder. This calls for judgment, not brute force. Braking force must rise with the available grip.
Valentino Rossi race action shot
I asked Burgess about this variation in tire temperature during braking and through corners. He said Yamaha had reason to believe that Honda has an advantage in combined braking and turning, such as occurs in spades after Laguna’s Turn 1. Here, Rossi recorded the highest speeds of the weekend, 167 mph, but because bikes are quite leaned over through this fast left, they cannot brake at maximum rate for upcoming Turn 2. According to Brembo, whereas maximum deceleration for Turn 6 is 1.4g, only 1.1g can be achieved for Turn 1.
Why might the Honda have an advantage here? As all teams have access to the same disc, caliper and master-cylinder technologies, the answer must lie in differences in how tires warm up during braking. Does the Honda transfer weight to the front more quickly, possibly by having a higher cg?
Each team has precise data from on-board GPS and sensors to record exactly where their riders first apply brakes and how they vary brake pressure on the way into the corner. The closer to full operating temperature the tire is initially and the faster the rider can raise its temperature by braking, the shorter the braking distance can be.
I mentioned the statement made earlier this year by Bernard Gobmeier, that Bridgestone could fix Ducati’s lack of mid-corner front grip in two weeks. Burgess agreed, saying that in the previous era of tire competition, Michelin had made a special tire to suit Kevin Schwantz’s style.
The claim of a spec-tire series is that “it’s the same for everyone,” but Ducati’s plight makes a lie out of that statement. In effect, the present tires require Ducati to build a Honda or a Yamaha. The current Ducati, a second per lap off the pace, is clearly not a solution. Some Ducatisti imagine that if only Casey Stoner would come back, a new golden age could begin, but Stoner’s 2007 championship on a Ducati took place on special Bridgestone tires custom-designed for Stoner’s style and the Ducati’s design; the spec tire era had not yet begun.
There are no simple, equitable answers to this situation.
• Mike L
Ducati doesn’t have to build a Yamaha or Honda, they need to build a bike to use the tire that the other use. Honda and Yamaha figured it out, Ducati hasn’t. I’m not a fan of the spec tire rule, but it’s the rule they have to follow. They need to figure it out and build a competitive bike so they can stop ruining riders careers!
• oz-strom
Stoner still went on to race competively and win races on the Ducati in the control tyre era
• GB95
You are correct that “because bikes are quite leaned over through this fast left, they cannot brake at maximum rate” so the best way to stop quicker is to get the bike more vertical before and during braking. So the rider will make the biggest difference. A small change in tyre temp is not going to make that much difference.
• Gochira
Time to get rid of the spec tire rule. It’s silly that the best motorcycles in the world are limited by their friggen tires. What a homogeneous series prototype motorcycle racing has become. Let the factories and tire manufacturers run wild and you will see great competition, guaranteed. Right now you only see the competition that DORNA wants you to see. Oh and hey here comes the bred-from-a-tube winner Marquez, DORNA’s golden child.
• Two Bob
Do what Stoner suggested – 750cc 300bhp two strokes with no electronic aids! | http://www.cycleworld.com/2013/07/30/interview-with-valentino-rossi-yamaha-engineer-jeremy-burgess/ | dclm-gs1-117560002 | false | false | {
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0.373114 | <urn:uuid:e9ab671b-7c8b-4864-aad1-0b50db5110af> | en | 0.967341 | While playing, game randomly crashes to a permanent loading screen
• Hello, I have only recently (past 2 days) started having this issue.:
Basically, as the title states, I can be playing Star Wars fine (logging in, questing, wz, crafting etc.), then I will be randomly booted to a loading screen that will not load past ~30%, The screen stays stuck permanently and I get no errors from Windows or the game.
Once, my internet did cut out briefly and the loading screen appeared, but other times it has not, or it's barely noticeable (my skype call had not disconnected).
Prior to this, if I disconnected due to internet issues the game would go to the Server select screen and I would be able to promptly log back on. It doesn't seem connected to any certain area/character. I'm not on wireless and rarely have internet issues.
Every time the random loading screen pops up I've had to end the game via the Task Manager, where it says SW is running.
Help, pretty please? | http://www.darthhater.com/devtracker/topic/63901-while-playing-game-randomly-crashes-to-a-permanent-loading-screen?cookieTest=1 | dclm-gs1-117600002 | false | false | {
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0.024848 | <urn:uuid:eec5f5ee-fc32-4974-a727-f7bace716160> | en | 0.9308 | Many non- profits have found success using social media standout Facebook. They have not only been able to market their organization and gain recognition through their Facebook pages but motivate donors to give to their cause.
Facebook offers non-profits a way for them to establish direct emotional ties between their cause and their community. They can use their Facebook pages as a storytelling medium. Non-profits can share messages and stories from those who have benefited from donors and the group’s efforts.
Perhaps the best way for a non – profit to be successful in reaching their donor audience is to establish image galleries. The photos and videos you post there can offer prospective donors moving and visually inspiring tales of the organization’s success stories. Sharing personal accounts and updates will inspire others to give and enhance these successes even further.
Non- profits can also use Facebook to break news about the organization as well as stories and decisions that affect those helped by the nonprofit. It will allow followers to turn to a group’s Facebook pages for information and will also make it simple for them to share those stories with their friends.
In addition to expensive ad campaigns and commercials, non-profits might consider this effective and less expensive way to increase awareness and donations.
Google+ recently unveiled some page and profile improvements to its pages. The company has made updates to the look and functionality of its personal profiles and business pages.
The ‘About Tab’ will now have its own edit link. The sections will appear on cards like “story,” “places,” and “links.” This will make it easier to update user profiles
The cover section will now be able to accommodate pictures up to 2120 px by 1192 px (they will show up 16 x 9 when fully expanded). According to Google “This way more images can be used as cover photos and there’s more room for your selection to shine.”
There will be also a new tab for displaying local reviews, which users can hide if they don’t want them on their profiles.
These changes are all based on user feedback and are part of Google+ efforts to improve upon the social media outlet and make it more user friendly.
Internet Marketing; News; SEO
Text is a key element of a website. Text on your site serves several functions. It is part of the way you provide information and part of your design. Text also helps with online marketing. Keyword rich text on a given page is vital to achieving ranking organically in search engines. It is important though to use text in a way that complements and enhances a page’s design. You do not want to upset the desired design effect with too much content. There are several site features that can be implemented to achieve a good balance between the text you display on any given web page and good clean design.
One way to do this is to use a ‘click to expand function’. This will keep content hidden until a user clicks a “more” or “details” call to action. Click to expand allows you to tease readers with a small, initial snippet of copy. It allows marketers to keep content hidden while appealing to users to read the remaining copy. Together with a strong call to action, your initially hidden content has a good chance of being read.
Another way to achieve good clean design is to use rollovers. Rollovers allow you to couple eye-catching visual content with some informative text. Using a rollover you can include a small amount of text that will display when rolling over a particular image. When applied, images are usually turned translucent and the text is layered on top. This technique can be used for social links, tags, and calls to action. This feature can be especially beneficial for e-commerce category pages that include a catalog of product images. In this scenario, each image can provide an opportunity to include keyword rich text to help your product-category page rank.
You might also consider an image slider. This can open up a huge amount of space on your web page. An image slider enables an area of your web page to be replaced with a sequence of alternate “slides” and messaging. The amount of copy that you can include with this site feature is only restricted by the number of slides that you choose to include.
Navigational tabs are another method for including additional copy. You can hide text within a navigational tab on a simply designed page. Pages that incorporate navigational tabs allow content to be viewed only when the particular tab is selected. This allows us to showcase visual elements but also allows us to include lots of keyword rich text that relates to the services that we provide.
By including your text within your web page and keeping it out of sight unless requested by the user can help you achieve a balance between your text and design. Implementing any of the above ideas, you can help craft web pages that are both visually pleasing and SEO friendly.
Page 12 of 405 | http://www.dzineit.net/news-blog/page/12/?entry=entry111216-135711&category=7 | dclm-gs1-117670002 | false | false | {
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0.133268 | <urn:uuid:fbe62d86-63eb-48e1-bbe5-6f3ec612940a> | en | 0.933339 |
Steals of the SeasonDetailsSteals of the Season
Shredder McGrinski
Backwoods Bomber
At evo since July 2008
Meet the Team
How did you come to work at evo?
I skied on my Hellbents. 189s guy. Naw, I drove my truck like I do every day. Dumb question.
What's the best part about your job or working at evo?
Best part about my job? Hm... I'm not in the office a whole lot, but when I am I like to use the photocopier and wax my skis and stuff. And skiing the NW while working toward my sponsorship isn't so bad.
Favorite color?
I don't like art.
What's your weapon of choice?
Skis and my flannel. Party.
Why are you so cool?
I can ski faster than you. My idea of relaxing is pounding a Steel Reserve for lunch. I order the hottest chicken wings off the menu every time. I once drove a car I bought for $75 to the middle of a frozen lake and set it on fire. You tell me?
Who are your sponsors?
None yet, but I'm hoping Grizzly will man up and sponsor a skier. And maybe then K2 will finally sign me. | http://www.evo.com/crew.aspx?crew=Shredder%20McGrinski | dclm-gs1-117720002 | false | false | {
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0.055592 | <urn:uuid:e12e760f-3be4-4e69-97cf-889d418b6821> | en | 0.974382 | For only the second time in five years, Bob is forced to raise his rates. Likewise for the second time in five years, his patients react unfavorably to the increase; not only do they boycott his Christmas party, but also Mr. Carlin puts out a "contract" on Bob by hiring a professional pie thrower (Rik Pierce). Meanwhile, Jerry and Howard are likewise having trouble entering into the spirit of the season, due to an argument sparked by a misguided hockey puck. The supporting cast features Ben Freedman as a Santa named Saul. First telecast on December 24, 1977, " 'Twas the Pie Before Christmas" was written by Phil Davis. ~ Hal Erickson, Rovi
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0.057917 | <urn:uuid:d3346a8f-395e-41a5-b11b-da4f1389d2ba> | en | 0.905205 | Tambay Sa Tindahan... Sa Kanto
Newer Older
A common site in a busy community wherein urban settlers hang around and make “tambay”*. Foot traffic customers probably know your store as "yung tindahan sa kanto", or "the store beside the gas station" or corner street or even near a big lamp post/meralco post.
Uhm…the Filipino slang “tambay” comes from “istambay” which is derived from the English word standby or stand by (could literally mean a person or thing readily available; or be present without action – according to Encarta dictionary).
In the Filipino context, standby, istambay, or tambay is referred to a person who has nothing to do, or who is jobless or lazy – someone who does not make use of his/her time in sensible ways or on sensible things or does not make use of his/her time at all. In other words, a bystander.
A tambay could mean a worthless person, although it could also refer to or be a joke term (not really the bad joke joke) for someone who does not come from the “upper class”, though not necessarily coming from the lower class of the society.
The most commonly and traditionally referred to as tambays or istambays are those groups of (adolescent to adult) men who hang around by the streets and/or outside sari-sari stores, often times taking shots of alcoholic drinks and prejudged as war freaks.
Bea-aeB, Sheree (Here intermittently), and 1 other people added this photo to their favorites.
1. Bea-aeB 22 months ago | reply
It's wonderful, I love this photo !
2. Sheree (Here intermittently) 22 months ago | reply
Vic? You are back? Oh my goodness! Hello! Hope you are well and happy.
This is a wonderful documentary shot...sepia adds to the drama.
3. P.Eckhart 22 months ago | reply
Absolutely The Perfect Photographer
You Deserve Another Perfect Photographer Award
The Perfect Photographer Award
The Perfect Photographer(Post 1 Award 2)
4. Sprengben [why not get a friend] 21 months ago | reply
Great image and a cool stream!
Have a great day!
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0.074568 | <urn:uuid:5241714d-983a-43d9-9f70-86d265a41439> | en | 0.972839 |
Carried interest, here we go again
imageOnce again, Rep. Sandy Levin (D-MI), a senior member of the House Ways and Means Committee, working with President Obama, has proposed a bill to end the perceived tax benefits of carried interest. On Feb. 14, Levin introduced the “Carried Interest Fairness Act of 2012,” which would tax any carried interest received as ordinary income, subjecting it to self-employment taxes. This is the third direct attempt by Levin to restrict carried interest since he first introduced legislation on this topic in 2007, not to mention the multiple times this concept had been included in other pieces of legislation since his initial 2007 bill.
Just a couple of months back, the notion that this bill would have any chance of making it through the Republican-controlled House was laughable, but that may not be the case now. As the Republican primaries heated up, attacks from within the ranks on Mitt Romney’s tax returns and the tax benefits afforded him by carried interest as a private equity manager may have put the issue back in play. This time, to pressure members of the Republican Party to vote for his bill, Levin need only re-run the Republican-made ads attacking Mitt Romney’s taxes that ran during those primary elections.
A carried interest (often referred to as an incentive or profit allocation) is the percentage of the profit of an investment partnership that is allocated to Commodity Pool Operators (CPOs), Commodity Trading Advisers (CTAs), hedge fund, private-equity, real estate and venture capital managers, not taking into account any investment such manager has made in the respective investment partnership. As a participant in the partnership, a fund manager will receive a portion of their clients’ earnings as an allocation of the investment income made in the partnership. The following discussion addresses the impact the proposed legislation would have if it were to become law on CPOs and CTAs, referring to them collectively as “fund manager(s),” who manage commodity pool investment partnerships.
A fund manager earning carried interest from a commodity pool does enjoy a benefit, in most cases, of such income being subject to reduced capital gain tax rates as compared to ordinary income tax rates under the current tax law. How it works is that, as a partner, the fund manager is allocated a set percentage of the gains earned in the commodity pool. These gains retain the tax character of the types of income earned by the commodity pool.
The best way to show how taxes on the carried interest work is to give some examples. For purposes of these examples, assume the fund manager only trades contracts considered Regulated Futures Contracts that are subject to taxation under the Internal Revenue Code Section 1256 (“Section 1256 contracts”). Gains from Section 1256 contracts by statute are taxed as 60% long-term capital gain and 40% short-term capital gain and are marked-to-market, as if sold, at year end. Some non-U.S. futures contracts approved for trading in the United States are not subject to Section 1256 and do not receive the favorable tax treatment.
1. The Romney ads mentioned earlier.
What you pay today
Under current tax law the fund manager earning $1 million would pay $230,000 in income taxes on the carried interest under the current law (an effective tax rate of 23%). This is calculated in two steps. As mentioned, Section 1256 contracts are taxed as 60% long-term capital gain and 40% short-term capital gain and are treated as if sold at year end. So, first multiply the $1 million by 60% and then by the long-term capital gain rate of 15%, which equals $90,000. Second, multiply the $1 million by 40% and then by the highest marginal tax rate for short-term capital gains of 35%, which equals $140,000. Those two amounts together equal $230,000 in taxes on the $1 million carried interest earned.
What you could pay tomorrow
If the proposal to tax carried interest as ordinary income becomes law, the fund manager earning $1 million could pay $373,925 in income taxes on the carried interest (an effective tax rate of 37.4%). This actually is calculated in several steps; however, we will summarize it in two. First, multiply the $1 million by the 35% ordinary income marginal tax rate, which equals $350,000. Second, because this income is now subject to self-employment taxes we must calculate both the employer and employee portions of FICA/Social Security and Medicare taxes. We do make an assumption that the fund manager already does have enough earned income from other sources to be above the FICA tax threshold so therefore only the Medicare tax will be calculated on the carried interest. The net effective tax rate for self-employment Medicare taxes on $1 million is 2.4%, which equals $23,925. Under this latest Levin proposal, the fund manager would pay $373,925 in income taxes on the carried interest for an effective tax rate of 37.4%.
Robert Hartnett, CPA, is a tax principal with Rothstein Kass. He specializes in providing tax planning, consulting and compliance services to a wide variety of investment fund clients.
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| http://www.futuresmag.com/2012/04/01/carried-interest-here-we-go-again | dclm-gs1-117830002 | false | false | {
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0.199382 | <urn:uuid:28511524-6bf3-416a-acc7-5e528c3052c1> | en | 0.958424 | Reply to a comment
Reply to this comment
san_angelo_ex_pat writes:
in response to Barkeep103:
ex_pat: Gunnison must have way more money, probably from the out-of-state vacationers, than Sangelo does. 11 to 1 and someone thinks a retrial will get a "guilty"? They will recruit a jury pool from where, Mars?
The money spent already would take care of Sangelo's street budget for a year. $5,000/hr experts contending over water flow no one measured? Yes, Shea, the voters there will remember the names. Maybe when the snowplows run out of gas they will remember why and vote accordingly.
I don't know who did what 5 years ago, I wasn't there. I do know this is sillier than the Federal sequester, and that's saying a lot.
The editor of the newspaper in Gunnison would seem to think as we do. I have sent his editorial to you.
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0.020182 | <urn:uuid:0df2c499-c3cc-4027-8e8e-9e92aa470195> | en | 0.953041 | The Horse Forum
The Horse Forum (/)
- General Off Topic Discussion (
- - Words. (
mudpie 02-03-2012 06:06 PM
Just something I wrote. Any thoughts?
mudpie 02-07-2012 05:52 PM
I revised it and I think it sounds better now... What do you think?
Faceman 02-07-2012 06:36 PM
I'm not sure what you are asking for. There is an "n" missing in impending in the first sentence, and the second sentence in the second paragraph makes no sense (in either version) and is very awkward as written. There are other issues too - keep chugging away...
mudpie 02-07-2012 06:48 PM
My spell check must be failing then xD
A'ight, I'll give it another try.
And the second paragraph isn't supposed to make sense.
mudpie 02-07-2012 06:53 PM
Well there it is with the correction...
Faceman 02-07-2012 07:34 PM
Spellcheck wouldn't have caught it because impeding is a word too...:wink:
mudpie 02-07-2012 07:35 PM
Oh. Then I must just be an idiot. xD
OTHER than that and the second paragraph not making sense to you... is it okay?
Faceman 02-07-2012 08:04 PM
Depends on what it is written for. There are many writing styles, each designed for a specifc venue or audience. A good communicator can use many writing styles and uses the appropriate writing style for the situation.
If you are just memorializing your thoughts for your own benefit, it really doesn't matter. If it is intended for an audience, then IMO it is not effective...
mudpie 02-07-2012 08:18 PM
Okay. Thanks. :)
Faceman 02-07-2012 08:52 PM
Don't take it the wrong way. Your writing is very typical of young writers just starting out. I was the same way.
Beginning writers tend to not see the forest for the trees. They lose sight of the whole purpose of writing, and tend to "write" rather than to "communicate", which is what writing is all about. Flowery prose is fine if it is a genuine style, consistent, and truly conveys the picture the writer is trying to send, however in their exuberance to write in a complex style, novice writers often write in a style they mistakenly perceive as "good writing", rather than good communication. "Good writing" is writing that your audience, whatever that audience may be, can clearly understand, and that precisely conveys what you are trying to say. I don't know how old you are or how far along in your education you are, but typically high school teachers really blow it when it comes to teaching communication skills. Usually freshman composition in college is when you first encounter how to structure your writing and truly communicate.
I use five different writing styles myself. When I was a Geophysicist, I wrote highly technical articles in the Journal of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists - articles a lay person would never understand, but which communicated well to other Geophysicists, Geologists, and Petroleum Engineers. In my seminars, speeches, and articles targeting small business owners, I communicate in terms and a style which insures they will understand exactly what I am saying. That is sort of a semi-technical style. When I was a public information officer for the government for many years, I wrote countless articles and press releases, and wrote by the AP stylebook, which is what most journalists use - very simple, concise, and targetting an unsophisticated and uneducated audience. And then in venues such as this forum, I normally write in a conversational style, just as if I were having a casual conversation with someone. Lastly, I write a bit more flowery and descriptive when I am writing fiction, taking time to put the finishing touches on the pictures I am painting for the reader.
Whatever style you use, when you critique and edit your own writing, the most important question to ask yourself is "does that convey what I REALLY want to say in a manner the my audience will REALLY understand"? If it does, fine...if not tweak it till it does.
Kudos for trying, and keep on trucking. Communication skills are very important, and are sadly becomming a lost art. Remember - those with good communication skills are invariably more successful in life than those without...
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0.059685 | <urn:uuid:4586eb88-993d-4a7d-986c-4a07bb8e235e> | en | 0.890678 | Acura Short Shifters
Bomz Racing Acura Short Shifters
One of the most frustrating things a driver can deal with on the road when driving a Bomz Racing Acura manual transmission vehicle is a complicated shifting system. When the Bomz Racing Acura shifter requires complicated moves that take a long time to complete, it can be a hassle just trying to downshift or move up to the next gear. For those to whom speed matters more than anything, they should toss away any overly complex stock shifter and replace it with a Acura short shifter.
Eliminating harsh angles that the Bomz Racing Acura shifter is forced to go through during the course of shifting between gears can allow a driver to make smoother, more rapid gear shifts. Racers and serious performance drivers tend to prefer the quickness and reliability provided by Bomz Racing Acura short shifters, as even split seconds spent on nonessential maneuvers can make the difference between a winning race and a losing one. Effective Bomz Racing Acura short shifters still activate each gear in its entirety when shifting, but transition between gears more rapidly than expected from stock Bomz Racing Acura shifts, making this a popular, and useful, upgrade.
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42 reviews 4.5 out of 5 stars
Auto Parts Make/Model RMA
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0.030492 | <urn:uuid:de9b09ef-2541-4671-9533-8538675fbf77> | en | 0.950077 |
Chardonnay's a funny grape. It is arguably the most popular in the world, and yet most of those who love it would find it difficult to describe exactly what it tastes of.
The truth, I suspect, behind Chardonnay's popularity on the mass market is its very blandness. Just as Mateus Rose was so successful in the mid-20th century because it was neither red nor white, sweet nor dry, still nor fizzy, so inexpensive Chardonnay makes so many friends because it cannot be accused (unlike Riesling, Gewürztraminer or Sauvignon Blanc, for example) of having too strong a flavour. It is also, crucially, usually relatively high in alcohol and, often, oaked, so that the overall effect - albeit unacknowledged - is of a rather sweet wine that is very easy to appreciate by newcomers to wine.
If this sounds negative, it is only because I think so much Chardonnay made today is without any great character - which is not the grape's fault. Chardonnay can make quite sensational wines in the hands of a great winemaker but it, perhaps more than any other grape variety, tends to express winemaking every bit as much as vineyard site. It is uniquely malleable and versatile.
This is particularly evident in Chardonnay's grandest form: grand cru white burgundy such as rich and hazelnutty Corton-Charlemagne and majestic Montrachet made on the famous Côte d'Or in eastern France. These wines are often well over 13.5 per cent alcohol and are truly mouth-filling. In fact, it is my belief that Chardonnay in many of its forms is so alcoholic and broad-flavoured that it can be quite difficult to match to food. In fact it IS food! And almost needs to be chewed and savoured without the distraction of more solid matter...
The truly thrilling thing about Chardonnay grown on the Cote d'Or is that here, as nowhere else, it can express a sense of place, even if winemaking - which for top-quality Chardonnay produced anywhere almost invariably includes fermentation and maturation in different sorts of oak barrels; a second, softening malolactic fermentation; and different levels of stirring, or 'batonnage', of the lees at the bottom of the barrel - inevitably superimposes itself too. Oak can be tasted in the form of a certain toastiness, char - or even vanilla flavours in the case of American rather than the more normal French oak favoured by Burgundian wine producers. Producers in regions which have only recently mastered the art of encouraging malolactic fermentation (such as parts of South America and Iberia) often leave its milky, almost rancid side-effects on flavour in their Chardonnays. While a white wine that has been energetically 'stirred' often has a paler colour and smoother, almost dancing (as I fancifully call it) texture than one that hasn't (because the lees have stopped it picking up too much colour and tannin from the wood).
The distinctions between the wines of the famous white wine villages can therefore easily be blurred by the different winemaking regimes of different producers, but stereotypically Meursault is buttery, Puligny-Montrachet is steely and creamy, while next door Chassagne-Montrachet can be slightly nuttier and more textured.
The one wine region where Chardonnay is not routinely oaked by its most ambitious practitioners is Chablis in the far north of Burgundy, almost as far north as Champagne. And Chablis is a widely misunderstood wine as a result of all this. Because of its latitude, Chablis does not easily ripen the Chardonnay on which it exclusively depends. The wines are much higher in acidity and lighter in body than those made on the Côte d'Or to the south. Oak and malolactic fermentation are exceptional and - partly as a result - Chablis can age superbly. It invariably tastes 'green' somehow when it's young, very sappy and refreshing. It then typically goes through a rather awkward adolescent stage where it can take on some odd wet wool odours and then, in glorious maturity at about 10 to 15 years old, it is an extraordinarily appetising drink reminiscent of wet stones and oatmeal. (Yes, words ARE a very poor medium for expressing flavours!)
I have lingered on Chardonnay in north-east France because it is here that it has had the longest to dig itself in and distinguish itself. The latest DNA research shows, by the way, that it is the result of a chance crossing between a member of the Pinot family and an obscure, humble variety called Gouais Blanc in France and Weisser Hünisch in Germany.
But I am also a great fan of top-quality Californian Chardonnay. The golden state produces almost obscene quantities of this grape - in fact I think most Americans think white wine equals Chardonnay - but a few spots, particularly in Sonoma and the Central Coast to the south, where fog slows ripening, are capable of making truly great Chardonnay. Some of my favourite producers are Kistler, Marcassin and Au Bon Climat - and the Reserve bottlings of Robert Mondavi can also be impressive. These wines have a gloss, a sort of golden Californian glow, which makes them much more approachable in youth than their Burgundian prototypes. If Californian winemakers have one obsession, it is that their wines have clean, friendly noses and no rough edges...
Australian Chardonnay is to me some of the most distinctive. It has a sort of 'twang' to the nose which is definitively citrus, closest to lime (it often has a very slight greenish tinge to its deep gold). The Australians are past masters at delivering reliably made Chardonnay bargains now that they have enough grapes, and the fact that they were the first to use oak chips to imbue cheaper wines with some oaky flavour means that they also now use them more subtly than, say, typical eastern European wine producers. Such names as Giaconda, Petaluma Tiers Vineyard and Leeuwin prove that Australians can also make Chardonnays with real finesse and ageing potential.
Chardonnay is also the most planted grape in New Zealand, and the typical NZ Chardonnay exhibits that country's trademark streak of clean, green acidity. South Africa's Chardonnays can be attractively smoky, while Chile's taste like the inexpensive copies of North American Chardonnays that they are.
Chardonnay is grown in virtually every wine region elsewhere, but rarely shows much local character. Of all the wine styles made today, barrel-fermented Chardonnay is the most 'international', with all the connotations of a loss of local identity that that word entails. At its worst, Chardonnay is a bland white wine; at its best, an expression of place and power. Just don't expect it to have as long a life as Riesling!
Tags: chardonnay
© 2000-2013 Jancis Robinson | http://www.jancisrobinson.com/articles/jrs03404.html | dclm-gs1-118150002 | false | false | {
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0.959865 | <urn:uuid:261448d6-1ee6-478e-b352-a041b6096785> | en | 0.974813 | Limited Retainer Agreements in Canada
The cost of a divorce or separation in Ontario is highly prohibitive. A family law matter might require a lawyer to draft letters, affidavits, gather evidence, and prepare a factum among other things. This is not even including the time and cost associated with litigating an issue in court. These things, obviously, take time. As things take more time, they obviously become more expensive as well. One solution lawyers have been experimenting with is limited retainer agreements. Such agreements allow a lawyer to complete a specific task in a client’s file, such as drafting a document, without becoming the lawyer’s representative for the entire matter. These agreements can allow an individual who perhaps cannot afford to retain a lawyer for their entire matter, at least receive some legal advice on a specific topic.
| http://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/limited-retainer-agreements-in-canada-80182/ | dclm-gs1-118160002 | false | false | {
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0.03106 | <urn:uuid:793d1306-5cde-413d-b08d-d8470ea6446b> | en | 0.970508 | Reply to a comment
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utvols2069 writes:
The people who attend college are supposed to be intelligent. If they have questions they should research it on their own. There have always been hetero and homo sexuals. The real intent of this is to recruit homosexuals for political purposes. It is a sensitive issue for a homosexual to explore their sexuality and they now have to deal with those who would exploit them in the worst way. They need not be involved with a public outing and exploitation.
| http://www.knoxnews.com/comments/reply/?target=61:430156&comment=2602423 | dclm-gs1-118190002 | false | false | {
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0.123273 | <urn:uuid:76dac539-fe59-4f59-a022-4619cf12c5b1> | en | 0.918087 | Login Register
SpongeBob SquarePants
Whenever there is an accident involving the general population you can ALWAYS hear amongst the groans a man saying, "My leg...".Some examples are 1.In the episode "Hall Monitor" when spongebob directs all the cars in the wrong direction, you can see a bunch of wrecked cars, and then you hear the recording "My leg..." 2.And in "Boating School" when Spongebob crashes into the lighthouse you can hear a man moan "My leg..." 3.On "The Chaperone" episode, when all the kids at the prom get hurt during "The Sponge" song you can hear "My leg..." 4.This is the one in "Culture Shock" where Sqidward puts on a talent show.When Pearl puts on her performance, and jumps up and down, people start crashing through the air.At this part the "My leg..." sound is heard 5.On "Sleepy Time, when Spongebob is in Plankton's dream, Plankton says "Peek-a-boo I see you, Zap!!!", and you hear "My leg..." 6.In the episode "Aarrgh!", a fish walks in the Krusty Krab and says "Whip up those patties Crabs." and something else, and Mr.Krabs throws him out and he says "My leg..." 7.In "Walking Small", when Spongebob gets out his towel, he fans all the sound out of it.All the fish leave instantly.You can hear the recording "My leg..." 8.On "Karate Choppers", when Spongebob knocks a guy out thinking he's Sandy he says "My leg..." 9.And in "Something Smells" when Spongebob makes the marching band fall over and fly everywhere you can, once agin hear "My leg...".
Nature Pants / Opposite Day - S1-E9
Club SpongeBob / My Pretty Seahorse - S3-E12
Season 3 generally
In the episode "Karate" when Sandy is about to pour the hot sause over Spongebob's tongue, the face on the sause that laughs and taunts Spongebob is Tom Kenny, the voice of Spongebob.
SpongeBob BC - S3-E18
Season 1 generally
Sailor Mouth / Artist Unknown - S2-E15
Mermaidman Begins/Plankton's Good Eye - S8-E22
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Spongebob Squarepants: We're not doing so well, Patrick. We need a new tactic.
Patrick Star: I got it! Let's get naked!
Spongebob Squarepants: No, lets save that for when we're selling real estate.
Ep 3-21 Spongebob Meets The Strangler / Pranks A Lot: When the invisible Spongebob and Patrick scare Sandy, they are using a sheet to appear as "ghosts". However, the form of the sheet reveals that they don't have their helmet bowls on. How could they survive in the treedome that time? They sounded fine, not dehydrated. | http://www.moviemistakes.com/tv3913/trivia/entry138988 | dclm-gs1-118330002 | false | false | {
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0.161127 | <urn:uuid:ce8ef961-b6dc-40d3-b7f0-7a690af2d0c1> | en | 0.970883 | Bin Laden Dead - War Was Not the Answer
A lot of people will make the point today that we should leave Afghanistan as soon as possible now that our top goal of going over there has been accomplished. This comes, ironically, eight years to the day after President Bush declared Mission Accomplished in regard to Iraq -- and can anyone remind me what that mission was?
We declared two wars to target Al Qaeda and Osama bin Laden. They were in Afghanistan and Iraq. We killed bin Laden in Pakistan.
The idea that Iraq had anything to do with Osama bin Laden and the attacks against this country was comical and tragic at the same time. Now that we have killed bin Laden in Pakistan, can we ask the incredibly wrong neo-cons what Iraq had to do with 9/11 again? And will they apologize for leading us into Iraq when it turns out we were right, the enemy was many countries away?
But that's obvious, though it will not be mentioned enough today. So, let's talk about Afghanistan. Yes, we did chase bin Laden from there initially -- about ten years ago. But since then we have been fighting a senseless war with the Taliban and God knows who else, when we knew or suspected that bin Laden was in Pakistan. So, what did all of those nearly pointless campaigns in different parts of Afghanistan accomplish when Osama bin Laden was sitting in a house in the suburbs of Pakistan's capital?
Bottom line -- endless war didn't work. In the end, we found the man who authorized the attacks on 9/11 through good intelligence work and killed him with a very small, targeted strike with our best trained forces. We didn't use an army battalion or a surge or huge ground troops backed up by Abrams tanks. It was a surgical strike pulled off by a small unit. Imagine if we had invaded Pakistan instead to accomplish our objective (they were only nominally cooperating with us -- he was sitting right outside their capital). How little sense would that have made? Just about as much sense as the other wars made -- not much at all.
War is the wrong strategy when fighting terrorism. Whether it was our tactical strike against an Al Qaeda leader in Somalia or this tactical strike in Pakistan, it's obvious what the much better strategy is compared to big, lumbering, incredibly costly and casualty heavy wars that we have started in the past. I hope we learn from our mistakes and our successes.
Watch The Young Turks Here
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Tags: Iraq War, Afghanistan, 9/11, Osama Bin Laden, Dead, Islamabad, Killed, Tactical Strikes, Politics News, pakistan, wars (all tags)
1 Comment
Let me take a second to brag
Anyone can check my mydd history. I have been saying for years that both our parties took too long to realize what a sucker Pakistan has been playing the US for. They have been throwing bones here and there to justify the US administration's idiocy in trusting the Pakistanis with arms and foreign aid.
The MSM has been bringing up the Pakistan complicity angle way too late.
Bush should have acted like Pakistan's friend, but behind the scenes should have aggressively gone forward with attacking different parts of Pakistan to find Osama.
by Pravin 2011-05-02 07:07PM | 0 recs
Advertise Blogads | http://www.mydd.com/users/theyoungturks/posts/bin-laden-dead-war-was-not-the-answer | dclm-gs1-118370002 | false | false | {
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0.018175 | <urn:uuid:3f5701e8-ca5a-4ffa-9af3-562dd7e5d9c1> | en | 0.940069 | Orthodox Union
Birkhat Kohanim
Our parsha contains the special mitzva to the Kohanim to bless the people each day with the familiar three-part priestly blessing. (Bamidbar 6:22-27.) We often refer to this blessing as “nesiat kapayim” referring to the raised hands of the Kohanim or as “duchaning” referring to the platform from which they often bless.
Before we can examine the special nature of the priestly blessing, we should ask, what is any blessing? What does it mean for one person to bless another?
The word berakha or blessing particularly refers to a material undertaking which is granted special success by special Divine favor. This suggests that the key to a blessing is creating a connection between the spiritual and the material. The material world isolated from holiness is bereft of blessing, but spiritual attainments also translate into blessing only when they are channeled into this world.
So in order to be a conduit of blessing, a person needs to be on the one hand elevated above this world, so as to maintain a living connection with the transcendent world of holiness, yet maintain a connection with this world so as to maintain the ability to infuse this holiness into the material world. Various aspects of birkhat kohanim exemplify this duality.
The Kohanim themselves are elevated in holiness above the people through various restrictions, including special sanctity in marriage, prohibition on becoming defiled to the dead, and the need to maintain purity in order to eat truma, challah, and sacrifices which are their portion. Yet the Kohanim are not hermits; like other Jews they marry, make a living, and engage in most ordinary activities. This makes them specially suited to be a vehicle of blessing.
The posture of the blessing also shows this idea. On the one hand, the Kohanim raise and obscure their hands, symbolizing the connection to the lofty and hidden world of holiness above. Yet at the same time they remove their shoes, demonstrating that they have their “feet on the ground”, that they maintain a firm connection to this world.
The choreography of the blessing carries the same message. The Kohanim ascend the platform facing the Ark, the abode of the Torah scroll, showing their connection to the Author of the Torah. But just before they pronounce the blessing they demonstrate their connection to mankind, as they turn their faces away from the ark and face the congregation. “Rav Yitzchak said, Always be in awe of the community, for the Kohanim face the people and turn their back on the Divine Presence.” (Sota 40a.)
This understanding of the role of the Kohanim can help us understand the role of the Jewish people as a whole, whom the Torah refers to as “a kingdom of priests and a holy nation”. (Shemot 19:6.) We are priests and holy, set apart from mankind by our covenant with HaShem and by the commandments of the Torah. Yet at the same time we are a kingdom and a nation, so that we are able to imbue human activity with holiness.
This is one explanation of why, among Ashkenazim, there is no birkhat kohanim outside of the Land of Israel except on Yom Tov. Our national priestly blessing to mankind is only complete when we are elevated above other nations, as the kohanim ascend the duchan to bless the people. Yet the general state of the Jewish people in the diaspora is one of subordination. Outside of our land, we can overcome this handicap only on Yom Tov, when we particularly celebrate our special status among the nations. The Yom Tov prayer emphasizes that HaShem “chose us from all of the nations, loved us, and favored us, and elevated us above all of the languages”. (This is intimately connected to what we wrote last week, that Yom Tov is the time when we have a special ability to subdue our material natures, including subduing the harmful effects of alien culture.)
But in the land of Israel we never have a feeling of subordination. On the contrary, we are conscious of a special sense of elevation. A Jew who moves to the Land of Israel always speaks of going on aliyah; we consider Eretz Yisrael the highest place on earth. (See Rashi on Bereshit 45:9.)
From the land of Israel we are particularly able to spread blessing to the whole world, and indeed Chazal tell us that all other lands receive their providence via Eretz Yisrael. (Sifri on Devarim 11:12; see Taanit 10a.) | http://www.ou.org/ou/print_this/97002 | dclm-gs1-118570002 | false | false | {
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0.506839 | <urn:uuid:c59800cf-6e85-43ab-b725-6a79040d1e5d> | en | 0.953001 | In order to promote our Kickstarter campaign, we've been doing a lot more press work. For the more technically oriented publications, that means explaining in detail the changes we've made to the car. When we get to talking about the rear ends, we inevitably get asked the same question. “Did you say Hadley Box? What's a Hadley Box?”
That's a reasonable question. The Challenger II has two engines and is four-wheel drive. That means it has duplicated drivetrains that are mirror copies of each other. In order to achieve this, we actually had to mount the front engine backward in the streamliner. The drivetrains each have three components – a B&J 3-speed transmission, a Hadley Box, and a custom built rear end with quick-change gears. The functions of the transmission and rear end are obvious. The Hadley Box is a little unusual.
Simply put, the Hadley Boxes mechanically connect the front and rear engines via a three-piece driveshaft. The shafts coming off of the engines are mounted at equal but opposite 2.5 degree angles. The middle shaft is perfectly level. This connection allows the engines to remained synchronized during our runs.
Strictly speaking, this system is not mandatory. It's certainly possible to connect both engines independently to the gas pedal. The Hadley Boxes are a safety feature that we've devised in order to keep the engines from running away from each other. For example, should the front engine fail during my run, under normal circumstances the rear engine would keep pushing, potentially resulting in a spin and a crash. With the Hadley boxes, the rear engine will mechanically know that the front engine is locked, the clutch will automatically drop it into neutral, and the rear engine will continue to power both sets of wheels independently to a safe stop.
That's an extreme example, but the principle of communication holds true in less dire circumstances, including wheel slip, which will greatly impact our ability to make traction. As for the name, the Hadley Boxes are christened after Dave Hadley of SK Specialties, the only person crazy enough to build them.
Thanks for following along. You can always find more information at, including a link to our Kickstarter Project. See you next week. | http://www.racer.com/danny-thompsons-lsr-diary-the-mystery-box/article/305803/ | dclm-gs1-118670002 | false | false | {
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0.140038 | <urn:uuid:1d7e74b5-4355-43a6-968f-a976001cc931> | en | 0.88925 | Program Learning Outcomes
Bachelor of Science: Environmental Policy and Management
1. Develop an in-depth understanding of the interdisciplinary relationship of political, economic, ethical, and social aspects of local/global environmental issues as demonstrated through upper level class projects.
2. Demonstrate an understanding of environmental policy issues and the relevant regulatory structure at various government scales
4. Create practical solutions to environmental issues through innovative management practices as shown through capstone projects and successful completion of internships at relevant organizations.
5. Create environmental management solutions from a geospatial perspective by constructing and incorporating effective maps into upper level course projects and capstone
6. Articulate an in-depth, interdisciplinary understanding of environmental management and policy issues through written and oral presentation.
Learning outcomes for all graduates of the College of Arts and Sciences
How large is the main campus?
160 acres
The campus of the University of Redlands covers 160 acres. | http://www.redlands.edu/academics/college-of-arts-sciences/undergraduate-studies/10839.aspx | dclm-gs1-118710002 | false | false | {
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0.070972 | <urn:uuid:0da85f61-7c63-45f2-b263-a48885dbeac6> | en | 0.979833 | Cite This Page
To Go
Breaking Stalin's Nose
Breaking Stalin's Nose
by Eugene Yelchin
group rates for schools and districts
Breaking Stalin's Nose Chapter 4 Summary
• Sasha's papa finally comes home, and the whole room falls silent. They seem afraid of his dad, but Sasha points out that they're just being respectful. Maybe it's a bit of both?
• One neighbor, Stukachov, asks Sasha's dad "how many spies" he has caught that day (4.1). Of course, his dad can't reveal that, since "it's a state secret" (4.1).
• Stukachov follows them to their room, and Sasha wishes he'd just go away.
• Their room sounds pretty swanky compared to what others in the building have. Plus, they get the large-ish room all to themselves, while Stukachov shares a small room with his wife, three kids and his mother.
• Is Stukachov a creepy peeper? He peeks into their room just before Sasha's dad closes the door. We're starting to get a bad feeling about this...
• Which gets worse when Sasha's dad warns him to not talk to Stukachov, because "He'll use it" (4.3).
• Sasha has no idea what this means (and neither do we—but it certainly sounds bad).
• Now safely in their room, Sasha reads his father the letter to Joseph Stalin he wrote earlier.
• His dad gives him the red scarf of a Young Soviet Pioneer, and Sasha learns that his dad will be at the ceremony at school the next day to tie on Sasha's scarf.
• And then his Dad gives him a strange, out-of-the-blue warning: if anything ever happens to him (to his dad, that is), Sasha should go to his Aunt Larisa. Well that's not exactly reassuring.
• The next-door neighbor, Orlov, starts playing his accordion and singing a patriotic song so loudly that Sasha and his Dad can hear it through their wall. After his Dad knocks on the wall and tells him to pipe it down, Orlov stops (not because he's afraid of Sasha's dad or anything, but because—you know—"respect").
Next Page: Chapter 5
Previous Page: Chapter 3
Need help with College? | http://www.shmoop.com/breaking-stalins-nose/chapter-4-summary.html | dclm-gs1-118820002 | false | false | {
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0.020861 | <urn:uuid:dde17d23-b5b4-4bb1-9304-bc7d7154a277> | en | 0.963424 | Paul Ryan's Ayn Rand Reader: Lesson One
Reporting on Politics and Policy.
Aug. 13 2012 9:04 AM
Paul Ryan's Ayn Rand Reader: Lesson One
The Fountainhead, by Ayn Rand -- the high priestess of free-market capitalism and unfettered individualism.
Jane Mayer beat everybody to the punch this weekend with a taut explainer of Paul Ryan's once-loud, now-denied admiration for Ayn Rand. Recently, she wrote, "Ryan distanced himself from Rand, whose atheism is something of a philosophical wedge issue on the right, dividing religious conservatives from free-market libertarians." And that has been a strange spectacle. Who denies all of a writer's works because some of those works are girded by atheism? Up to 2011 or so, Ryan never had a problem with this. Now, he can no more denounce Rand than he can denounce his own white grandmother.
David Weigel David Weigel
Still, now that Ryan claims he's more of a Thomas Aquinas guy than a Randian, it pays to understand what he took from the late Russian-American objectivist. The Rosetta Stone of Ryan-Randianism is his 2005 speech to the Rand revivalist Atlas Society, made when Ryan was in his fourth term and his Republicans were clearly losing their grip on power. He makes a few references that only compute if you've read Atlas Shrugged.
I always go back to, you know, Francisco d’Anconia’s speech, at Bill Taggart’s wedding, on money when I think about monetary policy. Then I go to the 64-page John Galt speech, you know, on the radio at the end, and go back to a lot of other things that she did, to try and make sure that I can check my premises.
The Galt speech is fairly famous, but the d'Anconia speech is more obscure. So: In the novel, Francisco Domingo Carlos Andres Sebastian d'Anconia is the heir to a copper mining fortune who slowly dismantles it by purposefully giving in to the demands of "looters." He admits this to Dagny Taggart, the heroine (and his former love), fairly early on. He spent $8 million, for example, on a "housing settlement" that the Mexican government demanded he build at one of the mines. It'll all fall apart soon, he admits, except for the miners' new church -- "they'll need it," he says contemptuously. "Whether I did it on purpose, or through neglect, or through stupidity, don't you understand that that doesn't make any difference? The same element was missing."
In early chapters, d'Anconia pretends to be a Bruce Wayne-esque reckless playboy. He occasionally slips, because he's a Rand character. Thus, "Bill Taggart's wedding speech," when d'Anconia goes to the party of a businessman using state connections to make money. A left-wing magazine writer tells him that "money is the root of all evil." That sets off d'Anconia, who launches rant about money that runs to 23 paragraphs. "When you accept money in payment for your effort," he says, "you do so only on the conviction that you will exchange it for the product of the effort of others. It is not the moochers or the looters who give value to money. Not an ocean of tears nor all the guns in the world can transform those pieces of paper in your wallet into the bread you will need to survive tomorrow. Those pieces of paper, which should have been gold, are a token of honor – your claim upon the energy of the men who produce."
The problem, says d'Anconia, is that statists -- looters and moochers -- see dollar signs and think they can, must redistribute them. "Whenever destroyers appear among men," he says, "they start by destroying money, for money is men's protection and the base of a moral existence. Destroyers seize gold and leave to its owners a counterfeit pile of paper. This kills all objective standards and delivers men into the arbitrary power of an arbitrary setter of values. Gold was an objective value, an equivalent of wealth produced. Paper is a mortgage on wealth that does not exist, backed by a gun aimed at those who are expected to produce it. Paper is a check drawn by legal looters upon an account which is not theirs: upon the virtue of the victims. Watch for the day when it becomes, marked: 'Account overdrawn.'"
Now, take all of that and apply it to our current debates about the Federal Reserve. Since the Nixon years, the dollar has been de-linked from the price of gold. The Federal Reserve can print money and use it to buy up government bonds -- which it has recently, in several rounds of Quantitative Easing. It does this because Congress gave the Fed a dual mandate to fight inflation and to reduce unemployment. Creating "free" money helps with that latter goal. I hope it doesn't surprise you that Ryan, since at least 2008, has wanted the Fed to abandon the employment madate. He doesn't say this in a stupid way, like Rick Perry. He says it by citing Ayn Rand. | http://www.slate.com/blogs/weigel/2012/08/13/what_paul_ryan_s_ayn_rand_fandom_means_for_monetary_policy.html | dclm-gs1-118860002 | false | false | {
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0.14938 | <urn:uuid:08c7323f-0d0f-4457-b82b-494051390f32> | en | 0.887247 | Error message
Sunfire Cinema Ribbon Loudspeakers
Of the world's billions of loudspeakers, some 99.735% (an unassailable number I just made up) use only conventional dynamic drivers. That is, cones and domes. Coils and magnets. The remaining 0.265% of speakers use something else - that something invariably being one or another variation of a flat panel suspended from or sandwiched between large magnets statically charged screens.
Photo Gallery
Of these already rare variations, probably the rarest is the ribbon speaker: a thin metal or metallized film suspended within a magnetic field, courtesy of perimeter magnets arranged one way or another. The audio signal runs through the ribbon, which - as your vividly remembered high-school physics doubtlessly informs you - then vibrates in response, exciting the adjacent air, and voila! Viola. Or violin, cello, fuzz guitar - whatever.
Ribbon drivers are tricky, but Sunfire chief designer Bob Carver and his cohorts have been fooling with them for decades. Sunfire's new Cinema Ribbon speakers deploy a high-frequency ribbon driver in every model; the heavily pleated ribbon, though only about 5 inches in length, is claimed to approach the surface area and thus the power-handling and output potential of a standard 6-foot-long example. (Speaker-tech guru Tom Nousaine posits that the Sunfire driver is actually, technically speaking, a planar-magnetic type, a closely related form. Either way: makes no real difference to my purposes.)
The other two drivers in the CRM-2 speaker are twin conventional dynamic cones, 4.5-inch woofers that fire to the sides. Conventional only in their essence: Sunfire tells us that these are deployed much like the cones in the company's well-known miniaturized subwoofers, delivering extraordinary excursion and thus unprecedented power-handling and output potential from tiny means.
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0.021618 | <urn:uuid:0d0c0433-4e15-416a-80b9-0b34156ef3e6> | en | 0.953642 | Mirror Magazine
Hacker's night before Christmas
T'was the night before Christmas, and all through the house
Not a computer was stirring, not even a mouse.
The hard drives were left on in each computer case
With a database for Santa, punched up in dBase.
The hackers were all snug asleep in their beds,
While visions of access codes danced in their heads.
And I with my PC and Ma with her Mac,
Had settled in for a long winter's nap.
When up from my modem there arose such a squeal,
I jumped from my bed and said, "What's the deal!!?!?"
To my computer I tore like a flash,
Hoping I wasn't suffering a Christmas Eve Crash.
A flashing green light on the front of my case,
Showed late-night activity (I hope not erase).
I turned on my monitor and what did appear,
But a .GIF old sleigh and eight blinking reindeer.
On a flashing bright icon I made a quick click,
And sure enough who appeared, but good old Saint Nick.
At 9600 baud the images
they came,
As he loaded them up, he called them by name.
"Load Windows and Lotus, Prodigy and Quicken,
Add brand new DOS upgrades, and games for the children.
To the old root directory, to make room for them all,
How about a new hard drive, this one's all full!
As I watched as he worked through the database with care,
Checking the gift list we had left there.
He searched into his bag and pulled out with aplomb,
Bright shiny new discs for the new CD-ROM.
A brand new fax-modem (well, who asked for that!?!?),
Bundles of SIMMS, co-processors galore,
From one board to another, he filled up each hole.
And when he was finished, the tower cases were full,
With fun new software, just ready to install.
Then lining the cursor alongside of his nose,
Out of my new SVGA, up slowly he rose.
He jumped out of DOSSHELL, my SoundBlaster did sound,
As the TSR fell away, 'til next Christmas comes around.
Then I heard him exclaim as he up-loaded from sight,
Merry Christmas to all, and to all a good byte!!
Christmas laughs
Q. Why was Santa's little helper depressed?
A. Because he had low elf esteem.
Q. Where do polar bears vote?
A. The North Poll.
Q. What do snowmen eat for breakfast?
A. Snowflakes.
Q. How do sheep in Mexico say Merry Christmas?
A. Fleece Navidad!
Q. What nationality is Santa Claus?
A. North Polish.
Q. What did the ghosts say to Santa Claus?
A. We'll have a boo Christmas without you.
Q. What goes Ho, Ho, Swoosh, Ho, Ho, Swoosh?
A. Santa caught in a revolving door!
Q.If Santa Claus and Mrs. Claus had a child, what would he be called?
A. A subordinate claus.
A. Because every buck is dear to him.
Q. How come you never hear anything about the 10th reindeer "Olive" ?
Q. Olive ?
A. Yeah, you know, "Olive the other reindeer, used to laugh and call him names"
Q. Why is Christmas just like a day at the office ?
Gnome jokes
- I wouldn't say Christmas gnomes are ugly,
- I wouldn't say that Christmas gnomes are cross-eyed,
but when they cry the tears run down their back!
- What do gnomes fear most about Christmas?
They're afraid Father Christmas will give them the sack!
- Teacher: Give me a sentence with the word gnome in it!
Pupil: Er... the man's house burnt down so... he hadn't a gnome to go to!
Freeze a jolly good fellow!
The twelve days of windows NT
On the first day of Christmas my vendor gave to me:
A bug fix for Windows NT.
On the second day of Christmas my vendor gave to me:
Two more SCSI drives;
And a bug fix for Windows NT.
On the third day of Christmas my vendor gave to me:
Three more months of waiting;
Two more SCSI drives;
And a bug fix for Windows NT
On the twelfth day of Christmas my vendor gave to me:
Twelve days to set up;
Eleven acronyms;
Ten more Megahertz;
Nine brand new standards;
Eight more megs of RAM;
Seven minor upgrades;
Six hidden features;
Five tons of manuals;
Four new API's;
Three more months of waiting;
Two more SCSI drives;
And a bug fix for Windows NT.
Reindeer jokes
• What do reindeer say before telling you a joke?
This one will sleigh you!
• Keep that reindeer out of the house! It's full of fleas!
You'd better stay out of the house, Rudolph - it's full of fleas.
• Why are Father Christmas' reindeer like a cricket match?
Because they're both stopped by the rein.
• What has antlers and loves cheese?
Mickey Moose!
• Why don't Prancer and Dancer and the other reindeer overtake Rudolph?
Because they don't believe in passing the buck!
• 'Father Christmas has two reindeer. He calls one Edward and the other one Edward! I bet you can't tell me why he does that!'
'Oh, yes I can.' the elf said.
'Because two 'Eds are better than one, of course!'
• What's the name of the reindeer with three humps on its back?
• And that black and blue reindeer?
• What does Father Christmas call that three-legged reindeer?
• What does Father Christmas call that reindeer with no eyes?
• What do you call the reindeer with cotton wool in his ears?
Call him anything you like he won't hear you!
• What has antlers, pulls Father Christmas' sleigh and is made of cement?
I don't know.
A reindeer!
What about the cement?
I just threw that in to make it hard.
Heading for a Blue Christmas
Blue is the UK's most successful boy band at the moment. They have qualified with this week's No: 1 'Sorry Seems To Be The Hardest Word' featuring veteran rock star Sir Elton John.
For Blue, the Elton John cover is the 3rd career chart topping song. Last year the group notched up two No: 1 hits with 'Too Close' in September and 'If You Come Back' in December.
One year on, Blue is back at the helm of the UK chart. For Sir Elton the current duet is his fifth No: 1 song in the UK.
Blue/Elton John may not be able to hold on to the singles crown as the next countdown will indicate the all important Christmas No: 1 song. Two of the Popstars: The Rivals are in the running for the Christmas No: 1. Girls Aloud is widely expected to take the plum No: 1 with the song 'Sound of The Underground' while the other rival 'One True Love' has the support of a slightly lower margin with the ballad 'Sacred Trust'.
Gareth Gates' new single ' What My Heart Wants To Say' entered the top 20 at No: 5 this week. It's the first time Gates has missed the No:1 spot since he came into the limelight late last year.
S Club Juniors double A side release 'Puppy Love/Sleigh Ride', checked in at No: 6.
The rendition of 'Puppy Love' is very similar to the Donny Osmond version which topped the chart in 1972. Listening to 'Puppy Love' will no doubt bring out the romantic spirit in teenagers and perhaps the older folk who were teenagers at the time Donny Osmond's version was a hit. The song is tied up with the Christmas track 'Sleigh Ride' which is indeed a shrewd marketing move by Polydor records.
Still in the Top 10 is 'The Ketchup Song (Aserje)' by the family group Las Ketchup. It has moved up a place to No:8.
Whitney Houston and Bobby Brown seem to hit the headlines for the wrong reasons. But it is good to see Bobby Brown manage to re-capture some old ground as he is featured on the new Ja Rule track 'Thug Lovin'.
Moby was attacked by a group of men and had to be hosptalised last Thursday.
Reports say Moby was leaving Boston's Paradise club where he had performed. He was walking to his vehicle when fans gathered around for his autograph. Moby who was obliging autograph hunters was suddenly attacked from behind. Three men punched the singer in his face. His spectacles were broken and he also needed some stitches.
Two weeks ago he received two awards at the Billboard Music Awards.
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0.020397 | <urn:uuid:c85cdc0f-63f4-414b-84e7-6faf07cd458c> | en | 0.814929 |
for Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku II
24 Jun 2004, ID#2700
When you want to train, go to the northen mountains. If you keep on going then you end up in a place where there is three tiger bandains,a dinosaur, and a barrier for Goku. Don't worry because you need to kill man kill them (the tigers).
Then walk up to the wall next to the barrier. The dinosaur will get your attention and it will charge to you and you kill man kill it!(you get lots of ex. points because you not soppose to kill it - but you did). HA
Ask.com and get
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We have 242 questions and 324 answers for this game.
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0.272427 | <urn:uuid:5f9e5b49-1ec4-4fc2-96ec-37c25c65cd91> | en | 0.942626 | Why Venice and Siena hold the key to Manchester's revival
John Prescott's plans for new city-states in Britain have their roots both in ancient Greece and Renaissance Italy
They might not think much of the Office of Deputy Prime Minister at Westminster, but in Manchester and Birmingham, councillors are singing its praises. For John Prescott is on the verge of transforming sprawling conurbations into modern city-states.
The creation of a 'city-region' is the official realisation that a municipality's economic, cultural and demographic reach extends far beyond its geographic boundaries. With surrounding commuters, suppliers and shoppers dependent on the urban hub, a city-region qualifies for a greater level of strategic administration in, say, transport, planning and regeneration than a typical city council.
As such, the idea is as old as the city itself: urban civilisations of ancient Greece and Renaissance Italy were city-regions as much as city-states.
Today, the same power is equally apparent in the industrial and cultural reach of Paris, Newcastle and Brussels. But the historic difference between Britain and the Continent is that Westminster has failed to recognise the political needs of successful city-regions.
Whereas European cities have enjoyed a flow of power from central government, Britain's urban heartlands still labour under Treasury diktat.
Germany's system of devolved authority means that despite the federal economic slow-down, some 15 of its cities have made their way into Europe's top performing urban centres. Much of this is the product of a cohesive regional strategy. In Stuttgart, with the city facing commercial collapse during the early Nineties, the metropolitan region's local authorities voted to transfer resources to a central association. With control over planning and major construction projects, the association turned around the city's waning prospects.
Outside of an increasingly autonomous London, this urban ambition is suffocated in Britain, not least because of our democratic deficit. The rejection of regional assemblies in the north east referendum means that we are currently left with unelected regional development agencies, together with a welter of unco-ordinated local institutions. But a German-style urban-federal solution is not necessarily transferable. Britain 's municipal history has a heritage of local authorities, stretching back to Henry VI, which don't like having their rights infringed. However, if our cities want to extend regeneration, they must start to wrench power back from Whitehall. Their political systems need to reflect their broader regional significance as economic and cultural powerhouses. So however compelling the identities of Walsall, Solihull and Birmingham may be, the urban motor of the West Midlands deserves a more strategic administrative system among its seven authorities.
The problem comes with who is in charge. Wary of ceding power, few urban authorities have shown much enthusiasm for city-wide elected mayors. No matter. Some of history's finest city-states were conciliar affairs: in Venice, the council of 10, in Siena, the government of nine, and in Florence, the 10 of war all governed expertly. But whichever model they choose, if Britain's regional cities are going to curtail London's dominance and challenge their Continental peers, they need to start thinking like city-states, not parish councils.
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0.108298 | <urn:uuid:2e9911fd-e9cc-4d70-8839-3f37eac0151d> | en | 0.917224 | Results 1 to 3 of 3
Thread: FedEx still faster than the Internet.
1. #1
Default FedEx still faster than the Internet.
When you need to transfer very large amounts of data over the internet, sooner or later you will hit a limit where it will actually be faster to send that data on disks over regular mail (often called sneakernet). Internet transfer rates are simply not enough for large data sets. Imagine a company with two offices in different cities, perhaps even in different countries. Each office has a 100 megabit internet connection. If the company needs to send a large amount of data from one office to the other, theoretically a 100 megabit connection can muster about 45 gigabyte in one hour if there are no bottlenecks on the way. This ends up being just over one terabyte of data in 24 hours.
In other words, for anything larger than one terabyte, it would be faster for this company to just send the data on disks for over-night delivery.
What does Google do?
Is Internet 2 the answer?
The basic point here is that the internet still needs a lot more capacity. How soon can we reach such massive transfer rates? There is hope at the horizon, but FedEx probably hopes the answer is ?never.?
2. #2
Olympic Champ RYou's Avatar
Join Date
Mar 2007
New Jersey
Default Re: FedEx still faster than the Internet.
All of the above is true, 'cept for the fact that most businesses place caps on individual email packages. I can't send more than a 75 page pdf in a single note. Talk about bottlenecks.
3. #3
NCAA Champ WhippetGrappler's Avatar
Join Date
Jan 2008
Moved to Suffolk, VA
Default Re: FedEx still faster than the Internet.
Just a few tips for using FedEx. Use a physical address and not a P.O. box. Also, put phone numbers in case there are problems locating the address.
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0.018367 | <urn:uuid:e107795d-5d80-4580-8507-27f961f62279> | en | 0.928301 | Danny Brown
• Trampy: https://soundcloud.com/tsotrampy
• Danny Brown: http://itsbruiserbrigade.tumblr.com
“Trynawin” (feat. Roc Marciano)
Look, it’s like this: if Tree’s forthcoming, Sunday School II: When Church Lets Out doesn’t rank highly among your most anticipated rap albums of 2013, then you just plainly weren’t paying attention to hip-hop in 2012. And if after listening to the song below it still isn’t, then I don’t know what could possibly be going through your head, but you need to promptly remove it from your keister, re-educate yourself, and get your priorities in order.
Normally, I’m skeptical of single songs being promoted with a trailer or mini-documentary, but this is a different story. This here is monumental.
Church lets out later this Spring.
• Tree: https://soundcloud.com/mctreeg
Noël Akchoté (featuring David Grubbs)
Carlo Gesualdo Madrigals for 5 guitars
If there’s one thing that almost universally unites most experimental musicians and fans, it’s the work of late Renaissance composer/murderer/nobleman Carlo Gesualdo. Most people who have had to sit through a music history course just remember this guy as that royal composer dude who brutally murdered his wife and her lover and then got away with it because of his elevated social/political status. However, an equal number of people (especially the more experimentally inclined) often get fascinated with how forward-looking and beautiful his compositions were. In addition to breaking actual moral laws, Gesualdo broke all sorts of tonal/contrapuntal rules characteristic of the Renaissance as well. As a result, he created a highly expressive style that used tonal harmonies in non-functional ways. Gesualdo’s use of harmony was so radical that it would take everybody else until the late 19th century to fully catch up.
In many ways, Gesualdo’s tonal language has a lot in common with the work of David Grubbs and Noël Akchoté. In both cases, these modern artists revel in the possibilities for dissonant movement while working within traditional song-like structures akin to the madrigal forms that Gesualdo subverted. It’s clear that Akchoté realized this when arranging these pieces for five guitars, and consequently the highly idiomatic results sound like they could fit in on any of Grubbs’ solo releases or on a number of his chamber pop-leaning label mates’ albums. It’s a humbling reminder that, despite experimental pop’s often radical sound sources, we often aren’t too far tonally removed from the music of bygone eras.
You can stream the excellently recorded performance of these works courtesy Radio France right here (the music begins around 12 minutes in). David Grubbs has a new non-Gesualdo album coming out via Drag City on April 16.
• Noël Akchoté: http://www.noelakchote.org
• David Grubbs: http://www.blackfaurest.tumblr.com
“Spectrum Shock”
As “Spectrum Shock” rattles the primitive gaggle of cave-biker snots outside the Manhole bar, the establishment is burning to the ground, and mistaking it as a biker-bar in the first place was clearly grave. Shaking from the inside-mind, Den rips down the long and treacherously deserted highway, throwing back all sorts of booze and yelling at the bottles as they break. High enough for the riff, they throw up hands and slide signature Den gestures at each other, shouting slack jaw gibberish between the roars of their bikes. Approaching the first car, they spot a chicken truck — they pour out most of the clear booze in the back and set towels on fire under the birds. Out of her mind, one gang member leaps from the back of a bike, clutches onto the side panel, and opens up the doors: cage-by-cage. She takes two birds, snaps their necks, and tosses them to her lady on the bike, who puts them in her saddle bag. And jumping back onto the bike, like from a window to a horse, another Den member pistols out a front wheel, and the truck goes skidding off the road, escaped chickens flapping and feathering away from the highway. Looking back, there’s no fire, only a pit of flickering light off to the side.
Riding up the mountaintop become chillier, and leather stenches the misty night air. Ponytails and missing teeth. A fire is started and the chicken roasts. One takes the gizzard and retro ingests it. Another makes jewelry out of the beak and feet. Taking embers from the fire with her bare hands, one of the bikers tosses the fiery-hot balls at the rest sitting at the fire and shouts in tongues and falls into their troth of drinking or bathing water, flailing around. Her yelling echos throughout the cave behind them and roaring comes back out, proceeded by a large cat of some kind, and it jumps at them straight into the fire, catching itself ablaze and being speared until it stops twitching. And as the undead were to rip open a human to eat, so do Den, as they come down off their “Spectrum Shock,” and full circle with the life they wish to lead.
• Retrograde Tapes: http://retrogradetapes.blogspot.com
Cannibal Ox
Adam Worthan
“Whatever Makes You Happy”
• Adam Worthan: http://adamworthan.bandcamp.com
• Recent
• Popular
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Need advice building my new system (posting pics when done)
Last response: in Systems
So I've decided I'm going to build a water-cooled mid-range system mainly for gaming. I'm planning on overclocking, as well. I've compiled a list of parts I think might suit my needs:
GPU: GTX-480
Mobo: GIGABYTE GA-Z77X-UD5H [edited]
Ram: 16Gb Corsair Vengeance
SSD: 256Gb
HDD: 1Tb external that I already have
Case: full tower generic ATX case
Now for water cooling, which deserves an entirely new category
3X fans for the radiator:
Anti-kink stuff:
VGA Cooling Block:
CPU Cooling Block:
Coolant: distilled water
Coolant additive:
UV Lighting:
Straight barbs:
90 Degree Barbs:
Barb clips:
That was a lot of stuff...
Anyway, onto the questions
1. My friend argues the GPU is too low end, is this true? [answered: nope]
2. Is the motherboard too cheap for the other parts, or will it bottleneck the system? [answered: getting higher end Gigabyte mobo instead]
3. Does the PSU need more wattage? [answered: nope]
4. Is the generic case I listed going to be ***? If it is, which case has a nice acrylic side panel for under $100? [answered: getting better case]
5. Will I have a good spot to place the radiator on the case? [new case supports 360 radiator]
6. Are the CPU and GPU water blocks compatible with the parts I listed? [posted in water cooling]
7. Any other concerns? Are all of the parts / water cooling components compatible?
I appreciate any help I may receive, and I'm planning on ordering the parts tomorrow. I just need to confirm that everything will work together before I make a purchase. I'll post pictures of the finished computer along with benchmarks when I'm finished. Thanks everyone! :)
motherboard is for sure to cheap you want one of these motherboards want top of the line mid high end mobo:GIGABYTE GA-Z77X-UD5H LGA 1155 Intel Z77 HDMI SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.0 ATX Intel Motherboard <--- review w/benchmarks <--- review w/benchmarks <--- review of that board w/benchmarks <---review w/benchmarks
You need to do a post in the watercooling section about the watercooling stuff mate and the 480 is a beast when water cooled your friend doesn't know what hes talking about lol
Related resources
These are the only motherboards i recommend buying for water cooling it's pretty pointless to buy a $110 motherboard and all that watercooling stuff to be honest. mobo:ASUS P8Z77-V PRO LGA 1155 Intel Z77 HDMI SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.0 ATX Intel Motherboard
mobo:ASRock Z77 Extreme6 LGA 1155 Intel Z77 HDMI SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.0 ATX Intel Motherboard
Thanks bigcyco1! I'll get the Gigabyte mobo instead [edited]. Also, I'll open a new thread in the water cooling section to get that sorted out. Thank you for being patient with a newcomer like me :)
I never heard of that case before it does look nice though i hope the guys in watercooling can help you with if it will work i use these cases when i do watercooling builds but they are kinda allot over $150.00 bucks lol but i find they work easy without having to mod the case which i like because that can be a pain in the you know what lol. Case:Thermaltake Chaser MK-I (VN300M1W2N) Black SECC ATX Full Tower Computer Case
As someone with a GTX 480, buy it! It's a great card but runs really really hot - you're going to want to put some VRM heatsinks on the ram if you choose to get a universal gpu cooler. Personally, I would opt for a full watercooling block as it really does need it. Having said that, I'm running a 480 with a aio watercooler on and vrm heatsinks and its just fine - for overclocking, get a full water block.
Don't skimp on your case - getting a generic one might turn out to be a complete waste of money.
Hope this helps.
As for the motherboard, it depends on what you want to do with your hardware. If you want to overlock the hell out of everything, you might want to consider getting a motherboard capable of handling the overlock.
You don't need more than 620W - the cpu doesn't draw that much power and neither does the gpu. I'm running a similar set up on a 550W psu and it works without a hitch.
I've decided to upgrade to the NZXT SWITCH 810 case. Thanks forum (especially bigcyco1) , you have answered all of my questions and once I get everything cleared up in water cooling, I'll make a purchase. Thanks again everyone! :) | http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/362937-31-need-advice-building-system-posting-pics-done | dclm-gs1-119100002 | false | false | {
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Shosenji Temple
2-11 Senjyu,, Adachi, Tokyo Prefecture 120-0034 , Japan
+81 3-3881-2358
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Ranked #8 of 21 attractions in Adachi
Most recent review
- 6 Aug 2013
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Leon tänder rökelser i Sensojitemplet.
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0.10288 | <urn:uuid:e991b650-cea0-4a61-a715-4174a1eaf081> | en | 0.789292 | Dictionary Results for forbidding
1. forbidding - noun
· an official prohibition or edict against something
Synonym(s): ban, banning, forbiddance
Hypernym(s): prohibition
2. forbid - verb
Synonym(s): prohibit, interdict, proscribe, veto, disallow, nix
Hypernym(s): command, require
Antonym(s): permit
3. forbid - verb
Synonym(s): prevent, forestall, foreclose, preclude
4. forbidding - adjective
· harshly uninviting or formidable in manner or appearance; "a dour, self-sacrificing life"; "a forbidding scowl"; "a grim man loving duty more than humanity"; "undoubtedly the grimmest part of him was his iron claw"- J.M.Barrie
Synonym(s): dour, grim
5. forbidding - adjective
Synonym(s): baleful, menacing, minacious, minatory, ominous, sinister, threatening
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0.868966 | <urn:uuid:689ac0e0-012e-4de2-b017-c1e2cf508c21> | en | 0.913513 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like cenosillicaphobia:
3. Casablancas
Infinitely and effortlessly cool. Root word: Julian Casablancas. Can be used as noun, verb, or adjective!
"Did you see that guy!?"
"Pfsh, guy was SUCH a Casablancas"
"What are you up to?"
"Oh nothing much, just Casablancasing it"
"How's the horchata?"
"Oh, seriously Casablancas, thank you"
1. casablanca
Classic movie that came out in 1942, and probably has the best known lines in film history. For example:
"Here's looking at you, kid"
"We'll always have Paris."
Casablanca is a hella good movie. Too bad most people my age can't see that.
Moron:"OMFg its in balck and white so it must suck lol1100zzzone!!"
Me (or smart person): So?
2. Casablanca
An absolute classic.
"Hamlet" is the Casablanca of tragic theater.
slang use for Cocaine
Sup wit dat Casa Blanca
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look up any word, like fishermans haircut:
4. Nafi
The sweetest guy on the planet. Has a way of making you feel comfortable and secure without you even realising. One you don't want to let go of without a fight!! One in a million, billion, trillion!!!
Girl 1: Ahhh that guy hes really really nice
Girl 2: Yeahh, hes defo a Nafi
Girl 1: Yep, hes a keeper.
1. nafis
cool, someone with an attitude and style..
don't mess with me.. i'm nafis!
by Nafis February 12, 2004 add a video add an image
An anogram that debuted in the 90's in South-Africa and possibly other places of the world.... It stands for "No Ambition and Fuck-all Interest".....Certianly one of the best anograms around.
Person 1: Dude, wazzup with you? Why you not chillin' with a smile on your face?
Person 2: Sorry bro', I'm uber-NAFI today....Got work tomorrow man.
Person 1: Aw that's savage dude, here, have a joint.
Person 2: Sweet :)
by Apathyerror September 02, 2004 add a video add an image
3. Nafis
an overall great guy.
hes talented, nice, and is modest.
he has a bright future, whether he knows it or not.
Yeah, his name is Nafis.
5. Nafis
a pussy, one with orange / red hair .... looks somethin like a lil cherrii
i seen one Nafis looking dude walking down the street!
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0.108953 | <urn:uuid:821be827-59fc-4fd6-8206-5a706d0203e0> | en | 0.950713 | Subscribe Feedback English
look up any word, like mixie:
2. THE skin
the bomb.
I hope this hotel has a gym.
Oh, that would be THE skin.
1. the skins
to get the skins is to have sex
dog fool, fool dog. i was cold mackin today fool. that bitch gave me the skins
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look up any word, like mixie:
1. Scorpulus
A South Dakotan gamer pro that plays Halo 3. He obtains the level 50 on every account he plays through legit prawning of nubs. He is known as the 'god' of Halo.
Holy shit! He just went Scorpulus on you!
You're almost as bad as when Scorpulus raped those kids 51 to 0.
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0.028858 | <urn:uuid:4c9be4cf-0175-42a5-b10b-d7f5269d38fd> | en | 0.963721 | • Comment ()
Law School Q-and-A: Deciding If and Where to Apply
July 15, 2013 RSS Feed Print
Start the law school application process by researching programs with strengths that intrigue you as a student.
If you have a question about law school, please email me for a chance to be featured next month.
This week, I will address questions about challenges candidates face when considering applying to law school.
[Explore the top law schools in photos.]
Dear Shawn: I know that I want to go to law school, but I am having trouble choosing which schools to apply to. Obviously, I would like to attend the highest-ranked school I can get into, but there are a lot of other factors to consider. Is it worth it to pay more to attend a higher-ranked school, or is it all the same degree in the end?
Also, I would prefer to attend a school on the East Coast as I have lived here my whole life (and plan to live and practice here after graduation), but I suppose I would be open to attending law school elsewhere and moving back after three years. How do students narrow down which schools to apply to? -The Deciding Factor
Dear Deciding Factor: It is common for students to labor over their school selection. Rank is a good place to start, but there may be cases when other factors outweigh a law school's rank.
For example, it would be best for you to attend a law school in the East Coast vicinity as it will open up more career options in your desired area. This may change if you are admitted to one of the top 14 law schools, which have formidable national reputations.
The cost of attending a top school will likely be gained back many times in your future salary. However, some students find it's not practical to pay full tuition when they have scholarship offers at other, lower-ranked schools. This decision depends on numerous factors, including what type of law you hope to practice and any other financial responsibilities you have.
I suggest that you apply to a range of schools based on your GPA and LSAT score and focus primarily on East Coast schools. You can narrow your choices further by comparing student life and organizations on campus as well as statistics on job opportunities after graduation, culture, scholarships and other factors that are important to you. -Shawn
[Find out which law schools see the most applications.]
Dear Shawn: I read your article about deciding if law school is right for you. The decision to go to law school is a hard one for anyone but I'm finding it particularly hard because I'm 5-6 years into a career.
I sometimes find my current career empty, unmotivating and lacking substance. What draws me to the legal field is how many different ways the law can be viewed by different people. I like that a good lawyer can make a difference in people's lives by doing what they know to be right. I think I am ready for a change – do you have any advice? –Taking a New Path
You don't want to look back 20 years from now and wonder what life would have been like if you'd decided to stay in your current position and not followed your interest in law.
The great thing about law school is that individuals from all stages of their professional career attend, from students right out of college to those who have been in the working world for a decade or two — or more.
[Discover how to apply to law school later in life.]
Before making your decision, take time to speak with a variety of practicing attorneys in different fields to confirm your perception of the law. I advise that you also confer with friends, family and mentors about your options.
After that, the decision must be up to you, as you will be expending the time and money to go to law school – unless, of course, you get a scholarship.
If you are unsure where to begin with your applications, start by researching law schools that intrigue you and looking into LSAT preparation to get the ball rolling. -Shawn
law school,
Reader Comments ()
Law Admissions Lowdown
Grad School Search
Knowledge Centers
About the GRE
The GRE® Tests: Get the Facts
Find a GRE® test center location near you at takethegre.com.
How many test locations are there around the world?
A. 275
B. 463
C. about 700
D. approx. 550
Answer: C. about 700
| http://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/law-admissions-lowdown/2013/07/15/law-school-q-and-a-deciding-if-and-where-to-apply?s_cid=rss:law-admissions-lowdown:law-school-q-and-a-deciding-if-and-where-to-apply | dclm-gs1-119230002 | false | false | {
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Reply to this comment
JDees603 writes:
in response to ceeyh805:
I belong the "right of the people (that'd be me) to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed" militia.
And for those that argue, the National Guard is not the ONLY militia. It is considered the organized militia. The body of citizens that take arms to protect this country that are referred to as Minutemen or militia groups are the unorganized militia, which are given the same protections as the former under the Constitution.
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0.028884 | <urn:uuid:ab119f73-d2dc-4638-93d1-d7cb8bff176c> | en | 0.983943 | Princess Anne still celebrating
VIRGINIA BEACH, Va. (WAVY) - It was a moment like no other in the history of Princess Anne High School. The student body stormed the field following the Cavaliers 21-0 win over Kempsville.
You would think the Cavaliers had just won the state championship, but they had instead just ended a 42-game losing streak.
"Seeing all those people rush the field, it was life changing," said defensive end Dondre Thomas.
Senior Jake Keech is the only member of this year's team to play four years with the Cavaliers. While many of his teammates were leaving the team, the 160-pound guard kept the faith through their difficult times.
"It was very frustrating, heartbreaking, discouraging. You get a lot of kids who come out here and quit after one season We do have a lot of players who stuck it out and it says a lot about our character," said Head Coach Ray Gatlin.
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0.019237 | <urn:uuid:907de65d-29e4-4483-ab10-2f91d796c825> | en | 0.942038 | Must Visit Natural Wonder!
Kara Silva From our partners
McClatchy and Tribune Newspapers
What would I do with a five-day mini-getaway? Let's see, maybe New York City, San Francisco, Miami or _ South Dakota? Lets be honest, the Mount Rushmore State doesn't generally come to mind when thinking "vacation." But after seeing a photo of Badlands National Park in the book "501 Must-Visit Natural Wonders," I changed my mind.
The National Park Service describes the South Dakota Badlands as one of the planet's fastest-eroding landscapes. What you see today will in some way be different tomorrow. The Badlands also are a geological gem boasting a poetic blend of simple grandiosity and rugged natural beauty. The never-ending dance of deposition and erosion is what makes the Badlands remind us of the age of the planet and the truth behind the saying "Nothing lasts forever."
Made up of 244,000 acres of rolling grasslands and serrated rock formations, Badlands National Park largely is a landscape of canyons, steep pinnacles, buttes, ridges and spires. The area also is rife with fossils.
For more than 150 years, paleontologists have been digging up the bones of early mammals, such as the three-toed horse, saber-toothed cat and miniature camels _ not to mention the Field Museum's leading lady, Sue, the most complete and best preserved Tyrannosaurus rex ever discovered. The skeleton was found a couple of hours north of the Badlands, near the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation.
That is all very interesting but not why I ultimately decided to make the trip. South Dakota's driveability fit well with my lack of airfare funds and vacation time. So I recruited a contingent of fellow adventure enthusiasts, my sister, and a friend stuffed my sedan with camping gear and made the 13-hour trip from suburban Chicago to the Badlands.
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The Badlands deserve a couple of days. It's worth spending the night, if anything, to bear witness to the beautiful displays of color against the stone at sunrise and sunset. The dynamic visage of pinks and purples behind silhouetted rock pinnacles created by the rising and setting sun are rivaled only by the night sky. The park's secluded setting makes for world-class stargazing. Stretching from each horizon, the sheer number of visible stars paints a perfect picture of the universe's immensity. No trip to the Badlands is complete without experiencing the celestial grandeur that comes with a clear night.
By day, we explored the vast expanse of the park via hiking trails. No permits are required beyond the vehicle entry fee. There are eight trails in the park ranging in difficulty from easy to strenuous. Each one varies in length from a quarter mile to 10 miles round trip.
At times, hiking through the park seemed like a lunar experience. The Notch Trail cuts through a canyon surrounded by colorless towering rocks leading to an open area seemingly devoid of life. To reach the trail's namesake "notch" above a cliff overlooking the White River Valley, hikers have a rare and slightly daunting opportunity to scale a steep log ladder leading to a ledge where the trail continues. While exploring the area, I quickly noticed that little pieces of rock could be chipped away easily with a fingernail. That serves as a warning that you can't fully trust your surroundings, especially when teetering on a cliff.
Because we had only a couple of days, we combined the Saddle Pass Trail, where we traversed a sharp pinnacle, with the five-mile Castle Trail. Saddle Pass connects near the halfway mark of Castle, cutting the distance in half. Castle meanders through grasslands, offering a change in scenery. Stick to the trails; prairie rattlesnakes inhabit the grasslands, and nothing will put a hop in your step like the sound of a rattler.
Use our new Road Trip Planner to see the sights across the U.S.
Camping is half the fun of visiting the Badlands. For unparalleled views, we chose to stay overnight at Cedar Pass Campground within the park. The expanse of the Badlands' eroded rock formations lay all around us. In early morning light, the intricate play between highlighted peaks and shadowed ridges gave the landscape a rich contrast. The trade-off: no showers.
After a day of hiking and in desperate need of a good scrub, our second night we transported our weary bodies three minutes down the road to Badlands Interior Campground and its hot showers. There we took refuge in a less conventional means of accommodation: a tepee. An opening in the tepee's top as well as the lack of a door flap proved unfavorable in maintaining warmth, resulting in a very cold and sleepless night. The trade-off: being in close proximity to what little night life the Badlands have to offer.
The campground sits on the outskirts of the minuscule town of Interior, population 67, which makes for an interesting excursion by day or night. I recommend barhopping at the town's local watering holes, Wagon Wheel Bar and The Horseshoe, which are conveniently located right across the street from each other. A subtle rivalry exists between the two similarly decorated establishments; each displays pinned-up dollar bills posing as wallpaper and large canines that double as door greeters. For a deliciously potent cocktail, ask the Horseshoe's bartender to make you its signature drink: Sex in the Badlands.
South Dakota had captured my imagination. And I learned something. Sometimes it's not vacationing in the hottest destinations that makes the magic; it's allowing yourself to be pleasantly surprised by the place where you least expected greatness.
(c)2012 the Chicago Tribune
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- Google
-- Google News Archive
---- How long until "301 permanent moved" visible in SERPS
Powdork - 12:22 am on Jan 15, 2005 (gmt 0)
For Google it doesn't matter.
What's worse? A duplicate content penalty or the Sandbox?
Either way you get no G traffic.
Thread source::
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0.020513 | <urn:uuid:9e632794-ae27-4e9c-a0fc-a4afe8be77cf> | en | 0.976945 | Decade after Bali, Indonesian terror aims at gov't
Associated Press
Posted on October 8, 2012 at 4:05 PM
Updated Monday, Oct 8 at 9:35 PM
But an Associated Press analysis shows the number of strikes within the country has actually risen, especially since 2010, when radical imams called on their followers to focus on domestic targets rather than Westerners. The more recent attacks have been conducted with less expertise, and the vast majority of victims have been Indonesians.
Although the targets may have shifted, the recruitment methods are the same. Young men are indoctrinated to believe that as jihadist "grooms" they will reap God's rewards for martyrdom — paradise for the bomber and 70 family members and the gift of 72 virgin angels. It's a belief shunned by most Muslims.
Fadlan, a convicted militant who goes by a single alias name, was trained to be a suicide bomber in 2001 by Jemaah Islamiyah, the al-Qaida-linked group that sent two other bombers to the Bali nightclubs on a busy Saturday night. He told AP that his mentor, Imam Samudra, one of the plot masterminds, deemed it too risky to use him in the attacks because he was already wanted for an earlier botched bombing.
Today, Fadlan believes he would be in paradise if he had been picked.
"I still believe it ... because it's not promised by my recruiter, but God," Fadlan said softly in a mosque near his house in central Jakarta.
Fadlan was jailed for four years in 2006 after being found guilty of harboring terrorists, including Noordin M. Top, who was Southeast Asia's most wanted militant before police killed him in 2009. Fadlan was released on good behavior that same year and is now part of the government's deradicalization program, designed to reform convicted extremists.
He told AP he also was involved in two 2001 bombings at churches in eastern Jakarta that injured more than 70 worshippers. He was never convicted in those attacks due to a lack of evidence.
Now 36, Fadlan says he's not actively involved with any militant groups in Indonesia and no longer interested in becoming a groom there because the country is not seen as a battle ground for holy war. But he smiles broadly when asked if he would still be willing to serve as a suicide bomber on another front if called.
"Nobody refuses a reward in heaven, right?" he says. "But I live like I'm in a large aquarium now ... authorities are watching me everywhere I go, and I could not go abroad."
A turning point for Indonesian terrorist groups came in 2010, when police raided a paramilitary jihadi camp hidden in the mountains of Aceh province. An anti-terrorism crackdown followed that left more than 100 suspected militants either dead or arrested.
Another alleged Bali bombings mastermind, Dulmatin, was shot to death in a raid. Radical Muslim cleric Abu Bakar Bashir was arrested; last year he was sentenced to 15 years in jail.
That led Indonesian extremist religious leaders to order militants to change their mission. Instead of going after Westerners and American symbols they were directed to target Indonesian 'infidels' such as police, anti-terrorism squads, lawmakers and others deemed as obstacles to transforming the secular country into an Islamic state governed by Sharia law.
"I don't think there is any one person who is the current face of terrorism in Indonesia," said Ken Conboy, a Jakarta-based expert on Southeast Asian terrorism. "Rather, the terrorists have splintered into small cells that have only fleeting contact, if that, with one another."
That lack of organization makes it more difficult to pull off devastating attacks.
Last year, a suicide bomber blew himself up inside a mosque packed with police, injuring 30 people, and another detonated his explosives in a church in Central Java's Solo town, dying instantly and wounding 22 worshippers.
The explosives seized were pipe bombs, dangerous but much less powerful than those used in Bali 10 years ago. But other would-be suicide bombers remain at large.
In March, authorities received an intelligence tip that at least one jihadist "groom" had arrived in Bali. They found a note he wrote to his family, saying he would carry out a suicide mission with God's blessing and that the family would be reunited in paradise, said Ansyaad Mbai, who heads the country's anti-terrorism agency.
Security forces killed five suspects who were believed to be plotting several armed robberies in Bali to fund their terrorist activities. But the groom got away, and it's unclear what attack he had planned or whether he will still attempt it. | http://www.wfaa.com/news/world/173090491.html | dclm-gs1-119380002 | false | false | {
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0.045995 | <urn:uuid:552ef946-24d5-4bae-98f0-a8618334325b> | en | 0.942367 | WILX - News - Headlines
Jacobson's Replacement Near?
Saks Incorporated, the parent company to Saks 5th Avenue, is interested in buying the old Jacobson's store at Meridian Mall.
Negotiations are underway between Jacobson's and the Birmingham, Alabama-based Saks Incorporated.
Jackson-based Jacobson's declared bankruptcy in January and closed all stores nationwide.
A Meridian Mall spokesperson says they are aware of the talks, but will not comment further.
It has made things better
It has made things worse
It hasn't made much difference
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0.039801 | <urn:uuid:67510072-e63e-4aea-93e0-05272336d995> | en | 0.968257 | RSS Feeds
Italian president chastises country's politicians
Monday - 4/22/2013, 3:41pm ET
Italian acrobatic air squadron Freccie Tricolore (Tricolored Arrows) soars over the Unknown Soldier Monument as Italian President Giorgio Napolitano paid homage to in Rome, Monday, April 22, 2013. President Giorgio Napolitano headed Monday into his unprecedented second term with the daunting task of trying to find a candidate who can form a government two months after national elections left Italy with no clear winner and an increasingly discredited political class. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Associated Press
ROME (AP) -- Italian President Giorgio Napolitano, sworn in Monday for an unprecedented second term at the age of 87, chastised lawmakers for their inadequate response to the country's economic crisis and urged them to form a new government "without delay."
While growing emotional over "the trust and affection I have seen grow toward me and the institution I represent," Napolitano also was stern in his rebuke of lawmakers for having failed to reform the flawed election law and for falling into political paralysis.
Napolitano told the parties that called him to serve again as president that they would be held accountable if they don't forge alliances and policies to pull the eurozone's third-largest economy out of recession and put it back on the path of financial reforms and growth.
"I have a duty to be frank. If I find myself again facing the deafness of those with whom I have clashed in the past, I will not hesitate to hold them accountable before the country," Napolitano said.
The strong remarks reflected his enhanced standing now that he has acceded to lawmakers' wishes for a second term after they failed in multiple votes to back a new figure for president. Napolitano, facing a seven-year term, said he would serve "as long as the situation in the country ... requires, and strength allows me."
Stefano Folli, a political analyst at il Sole 24 Ore business daily said the remarks had a "clarity and hardness without precedent."
"This is the speech of a president well aware of not only his constitutional powers, but his political powers, in relation to a political class that has substantially failed," Folli said on Sky TG 24. "The president has an authority over and influence on politicians he has never had before."
Among his constitutional powers, the president can dissolve Parliament and tap a premier-designate to form a new government.
Napolitano made clear he wanted to see a new government formed as quickly as possible. He noted that the constitution requires a government that enjoys a majority in both houses, which no party can claim after elections two months ago -- implying the necessity of a coalition. Consultations are to start again Tuesday.
The divisive process resulted in the implosion of the center-left Democratic Party, whose leader resigned. It also galvanized the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement, which wants to send the political class packing and had backed a constitutional expert with center-left credentials for the presidency.
Voter malaise was evident in regional elections Sunday and Monday in northeastern Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Voter turnout declined to 50 percent from 72 percent in the last regional election. The Democratic Party's Debora Serracchiani led the race for regional president, but said the low turnout "imposes the obligation of reflection."
Investors were relieved by the re-election of the widely respected Napolitano. The main stock index in Milan closed up 1.66 percent, the strongest gain in Europe. Italy's government borrowing rates fell in bond markets, suggesting greater investor confidence in the country's financial future. The benchmark 10-year bond rate fell 0.13 percentage points to 4.05 percent.
"We can now celebrate the unblocking of the situation," said Edoardo Luini, a market analyst at Trading Room Roma. "It is not the best solution, but it was the only possible one -- or at least the most convenient."
Analysts suggested Napolitano's hand is stronger now than when he first asked Democratic leader Pier Luigi Bersani to try to form a government. That initial overture came after Bersani's forces won control of the Chamber of Deputies, but not the Senate, in Feb. 24-25 elections. Bersani failed, leading to the current stalemate.
"The election of Napolitano is good news," Unicredit analyst Luca Cazzulani said in a statement. Napolitano has the skills and standing to mediate, he said, and his election "makes the timely formation of a new government more likely."
Bersani's center-left party, however, is in shambles after its members failed to rally behind Bersani's initial choices for president. Bersani as a result resigned as party leader, and there has been public disagreement among the leadership over who the party would like to see as premier.
The 5-Star Movement of comic Beppe Grillo denounced Napolitano's election as a "coup" and further proof of collusion among the traditional parties. His lawmakers refused to applaud Napolitano in Parliament. Grillo's populist movement won a quarter of the February vote, giving voice to Italians fed up with Italy's political class.
Barry reported from Milan.
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0.144295 | <urn:uuid:6050c55d-f980-4f44-ab6f-f9ebdc929797> | en | 0.911175 | Chocolate Provenance
Cacao Tree Chocolate begins life as a plant. It is made from the beans of a small tree called the cacao (pronounced kah-kow). The cacao tree grows in tropical rainforest where it gets just the right amount of rain, shade, humidity, wind and nutrients.
Cocoa Pods
Cacao Pod When the cacao plant pods are ripe, the farmers cut each pod off using a machete. Then, cut open the pods and scoop out the cocoa beans. The beans are piled under banana leaves and left to ferment.
Cocoa Beans
Cacao Beans A week later the beans are a rich dark brown and taste like bitter chocolate. The beans are laid out on rooftops, tables or large mats and left to dry in the sun. The dried beans are then put into big bags and shipped to factories all over the world. Here they are cleaned, sorted and the shells are removed. The broken bean bits that are left are called cocoa nibs.
Cocoa Powder
Cacao Powder The cocoa nibs are made up of roughly equal amounts of cocoa butter and pure cocoa. The nibs are ground to a paste called chocolate liquor, which is used to make chocolate. The remaining dry paste is then made into powder called cocoa powder, which is used in cooking.
Making Chocolate
Cacao Liqour The unpressed chocolate liquor is mixed with sugar and more cocoa butter to make plain chocolate. By adding milk to these ingredients you get milk chocolate. The ingredients are churned, then poured into chocolate moulds.
Dark Chocolate
Dark chocolate can contain different amounts of chocolate liquor - the more there is, the less sweet the taste.
Milk Chocolate
Milk chocolate contains milk and more sugar, giving it a sweeter, creamier taste when compared to dark chocolate.
White Chocolate
Good-quality white chocolate is made with just the cocoa butter, which is then mixed with milk, sugar and vanilla extract.
Valrhona Chocolate
Valrhona Grand Cru dark chocolate made with 70% cocoa solids. Notable for its exceptionally long finish, this Grand Cru South American chocolate (named after the carribean island Guanaja, where Christopher Columbus first landed in 1501) has a subtle floral flavour owed to the combination of criollo and trinitario beans.
Jivara Lait
Valrhona Grand Cru Milk chocolate made with malt and brown sugar - delicious clean after taste. A creamy chestnut colour and can be recognised by its silky delicate, smooth palate and its original tast at the same time mild and chocolatey, not excessively sweet, long in the mouth, with aromatic overtones of caramel and vanilla. 40% cocoa solids from South America.
This white chocolate is only very lightly sweetened and has the delicate flavours of milk and vanilla, and a fine, melting texture, and provides perfect balance for all recipes. 35% cocoa solids.
Amedei Chocolate
"When a maitre chocolatier succeeds in making people smile by eating chocolate, he or she has reached the goal. Tasting means being carried away by sensations". Cecilia Tessieri
Toscano White
A concentrate and taste of sweetness with perfumes of vanilla: when it melts in the mouth it leaves behind a creamy sweet fascinating, sensation.
Toscano Milk
Amedei’s milk chocolate is a true pearl that stimulates memories with a rich whipped cream scent and milk, with a butter and vanilla taste almost sapid, and honey, but never excessively sweet, with a crackling so sharp it may be envied by the fondant – a chocolate of classic foundation that boasts intelligence and the creative joy of a praline.
Toscano Dark 70%
The Blend 70% expresses the cacao in power and elegance, and plays as a soloist giving feelings of tobacco and chocolate.
Toscano Black 66%
In the Blend 66%, the force leaves space to a harmonic grace with a taste that is increased in herbaceous sensations of underbrush.
© All rights reserved Zucchero Pâtisserie 2013
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0.081324 | <urn:uuid:9ef794fe-4e49-427b-94d5-b782d2f6e339> | en | 0.949988 | Mock NCAA Tournament selection committee member weighs in
longhawk 10 months ago
Very cool collumn. How cool would it be to serve on the ACTUAL committee?
jgkojak 10 months ago
Our 1st team gets to play.... and our bench team - Rio, Manning, White, Traylor and Wesley,
gets a bid.
Michael Leiker 10 months ago
Suzi Marshall 10 months ago
As I said before, this is a crazy waste of money. What is the justification for such an expenditure? Who is paying for it?
Hawkanator 9 months, 4 weeks ago
I'm sure it's not tax dollars, I'm sure they didn't ask you personally to pay for it, so why do you care?
iamakufan 10 months ago
I'm enjoying getting some insights into how this process works.
Tony Bandle 9 months, 4 weeks ago
Feel free to click NIT for Kentucky and North Carolina!!
swigrimm 9 months, 4 weeks ago
Very interesting. The value here is to remove some of the mystery (and thus perceived unfair manipulation) of how teams are selected and placed in the brackets.
Interesting realization #1: teams are submitted for consideration into the tournament by just two people. (makes sense. clearly more manageable for each committee member this way. But have always thought of "the committee" doing that - which implied full involvement of all members..)
Tom: by your description, do I read it right that teams identified by the tandem as "locks" are not discussed or open for challenge by the rest of the committee? Only those "worthy of discussion" are open for challenge/debate?
Another question: Assuming that the schools know which committee member is assigned to their conference, are those schools allowed to engage them in campaigning for the best possible consideration (eg: wine, dine, favors, etc)? Or is that topic/those activities off limits in discussion with them?
Good stuff. keep it coming!
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