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0.484779 | <urn:uuid:80e0332e-018a-4b0e-a97a-20277403a9f3> | en | 0.988572 | View Single Post
Lt. Commander
Join Date: Dec 2007
Posts: 137
# 13
11-01-2010, 10:31 AM
You could have some pretty fun PVP matches with five players with their aways teams. Just make it so they when players and bridge officers dies in the match they couldn't respawn in that match. If a captain died before his away team they would still fight but he could no longer command them.
That could make some pretty interesting ground PVP. You could develop some pretty complexed strategies or it could zerg fest.
You would have to make it so the players would have to take one of each class. Then they could choose what ever class they wanted for their last slot. Or it would just be everyone taking science officers and everyone was held and couldn't do anything. Or all engineers with turrets and drones everywhere.
That would be great PVP I think. You would be commanding forces while working with other players. To defeat the other team doing the same. | http://sto-forum.perfectworld.com/showpost.php?p=3128660&postcount=13 | dclm-gs1-149160002 | false | false | {
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0.241152 | <urn:uuid:90452e03-29bf-4fd0-b87c-90dbe16417f7> | en | 0.980907 | Superman Wiki
Superman Prime (One Million)
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Superman Prime is the identity taken in the future by Superman in the DC One Million storyline. It distinguishes him from all the other Supermen, who, all descended from him, have protected Earth in his absence.
As Superman
Main Article: Superman's Biography (Modern Age)
The legend began in the last years of the second millennium anno Domini with a birth not of this Earth. That child was Kal-El of Krypton, the sole survivor of a cataclysm that destroyed one of the most advanced and ancient civilizations in the galaxy. Kal-El was raised as a normal human child by the Kansas farmers, Jonathan Kent and Martha Kent. It was their love and care that would transform one of the world's most powerful individuals from the product of a cold alien civilization into one of the most noble and charismatic men alive. Under Kal's Earth-name o, Clark Kent, he was a reporter for the Metropolis Daily Planet Newspaper. Kal-El is however more widely known by the name, Superman.
It was as the costumed "super-hero," Superman (an identity designed to preserve his privacy as Clark Kent and to protect his adopted family), that Kal-El had his biggest impact. He was the leader of Earth's superhuman (and often much of the human) community and served as the role model that all subsequent heroes were measured by. In his career he saved the world from the threats of interstellar invasion, natural disaster and the continued activities of a cadre of "super-villains" (including the original, the early Bizarros, and the sentient anti-sun Solaris). During this time Superman rose to the height of his activities, married his beloved Lois Lane, served as leader of the Justice League, and acted as mentor to a new generation of heroes.
Superman Prime
He watched as his parents, friends, and even his wife Lois died without the ability to save them from natural causes. Continuing his service as the world's foremost champion, Superman began to slow as the sadness of the losses grew. Legend then tells how close to the end of the twenty first century, Superman Prime (as history will remember as Kal-El) passed the responsibilities of being Superman to his heir, Superman Secundus, and created the Superman Dynasty. Then, one day, he left Earth.
Superman's travels lasted from the 21st Century to the turn of the 700th Century. During this 679 century odyssey, he acquired vast abilities and skills from every being he met and gained perfection over all the abilities he received. He even broke through the Source Wall and studied under the Source itself, meaning he could have a portion of the Source's power or more. The true extent of abilities he received from the Source are unknown. When he returned to Earth, he forged a covenant with his descendants. In this conenant, he would bestow upon them a small fraction of his power as long as they served for truth and justice. He also gained the abilities of his lineage and magnified them with his own power (for example, the Superman of the 67th century married the queen of the 5th Dimension, GZNTPLZK, which in turn gave Superman Prime the abilities and powers of a 5th Dimension Imp). After the covenant he left and returned to his Fortress of Solitude in the center of the Super Sun. (DC One Million)
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0.043065 | <urn:uuid:540aaad3-d7c6-4dd9-bf3b-e225cee44d81> | en | 0.922727 |
The Meaning of “Offline”
“Web” and “online” are two closely associated terms, downright synonymous to many people. So why on earth would we talk about “offline” web technologies, and what does the term even mean?
However, it gets more nuanced than “always-offline”. Another class of applications are “online-offline” apps (sometimes just called “offline apps”, somewhat ambiguously). These apps are ultimately intended to sync with the cloud, but can survive periods of downtime. The downtime might be an interim loss of connection, like passing through a tunnel, or an extended period of offline activity, like a long-haul flight. Online-offline applications will handle these cases with varying degrees of gracefulness. An example is GMail’s offline facility.
Online-offline applications comes at the cost of increased complexity, and you ought to consider whether offline support is justified. The argument against this mode is best summed up in a famous article from a few years back. David Hanson makes the argument that it’s not worth making offline apps just for airplane activity, which is the one place you’re likely to be offline for a long period of time. But there are still situations where it’s worthwhile, and also situations where offline technologies are useful for protecting aganst server or network outages. Just beware that it comes at the cost of complexity, and that complexity needs to be justified.
Even assuming internet utopia, where everything is always online, offline technologies still server a purpose. Why? Because it’s faster that way. Offline technologies support caching and detailed control over caching process. Therefore, web apps can boot quickly and show data instantly. You might protest that these technologies shouldn’t be called “offline” if they are used by purely online apps. Well, the term is ambiguous. At one level, “offline technologies” could be defined as “technologies supporting offline apps”, making the protest valid. But another definition is “technologies operating outside of the cloud”, and that’s the one used here. Of course, there’s a lot of overlap between the two definitions; offline apps certainly need to operate outside of the cloud.
Application Cache and Offline Storage
There are primarily two offline capabilities in HTML5: application caching and offline storage (or “client-side storage”). The distinction is core application logic versus data. Application caching involves saving the application’s core logic and user-interface. Offline storage is about capturing specific data generated by the user, or resources the user has expressed interest in.
Imagine a game. Application caching would retain the initial HTML document, the JavaScript, the CSS, frequently used icons and images for game characters and scenes, and sound samples. Consequently, the next time the user visited the site, it would load immediately. To some extent, regular browser caching will already enable that capability, but browser caches are easily overwritten, whereas application caches are intended to enjoy special status on the user’s hard drive, so they can’t be displaced just because the user downloaded a large video. In addition, there are APIs to control what’s cached and what’s not, which is not the same as regular browser caching.
Read more about AppCache.
Older Offline Storage Techniques
While there’s only one kind of application cache, there’s a whole flock of offline storage capabilities available, or becoming available. Let’s begin with a quick survey of older storage techniques, those that have been around several years and are not generally associated with the “HTML5″ label.
Plugin Based Storage
Browser-specific features
Browser-specific features are capabilities that are available, but outside the realm of standard web technologies. They typically have an “underground” nature, being little-known and lightly documented. For example, TiddlyWiki and the derivative twFile jQuery plugin use IE-specific and Firefox-specific APIs to access the underlying file system on those respective browsers, falling back to Java applets where that’s not possible. IE, since version 5, also supports the UserData API. Similar to plugin based storage, the problem with these is significant: You’re requiring the user to be working with a particular browser and you’re putting faith in the browser manufacturer going forward. This is different from using features only present in just one or two browsers so far, where the feature is part of an open standards process and other manufacturers are likely to include it in the future.
Offline Storage in the Era of HTML5
The newer storage APIs, what we might call “HTML5 storage”, are generally superior in terms of openness and standards compliance. Of course, not all browsers include all of the new APIs, and you may have to support older browsers that don’t include any of them at all. So the older techniques are still useful for graceful degradation.
The new APIs are Web Storage (also called “Local Storage” or “DOM Storage”), Web SQL Database (or simply “SQL Storage”), IndexedDB, and File Storage. In all cases, the same-origin principle applies: the store is tied to the origin of the site that creates it (typically this amounts to the site domain or subdomain), so it cannot be accessed by any other origin. Stores and origins are therefore associated 1:N, where N is the number of distinct storage mechanisms represented by the current browser. For example, Chrome currently supports Web Storage and Web SQL Database Storage, so a given origin (e.g., “”) has access to precisely two dedicated stores when the user is visiting from Chrome.
Now let’s meet each of the new storage technologies.
Web Storage
Web Storage is a very convenient form of offline storage, being just a simple structure of key-value pairs like any JavaScript object. This works well for situations such as the game example, where you could store the current game under a “currentGame” key: localStorage["currentGame"] = gameState, and load it back the same way: gameState = localStorage["currentGame"]. If you wanted to keep a list of saved games, you’d just store an array inside this structure, savedGames = localStorage["savedGames"];.
There’s also a variant of localStorage: sessionStorage. It’s there mostly for security purposes, as the data is removed when the window is closed.
For many offline storage scenarios, Web Storage might be all you need, and it’s the most compatible format right now. However, the data isn’t structured, so if you wanted to locate all games at level 10 or above, for example, you’d have to iterate through every single game item manually.
A gotcha and a further downside of Web Storage is the lack of transactions. For example, the user might have your app open in two tabs. Tab 1 starts writing several things to the database, then tab 2 starts reading it, getting the data when it has only partially been updated. Thus, Web Storage is “racy”, meaning it’s susceptible to race conditions, and you need to take precautions to ensure the integrity of your data and the accuracy of any queries.
Web SQL Database
Web SQL Database is just like it says on the tin: an offline SQL database. Implementations today are based on SQLite, an general-purpose open-source SQL engine. It comes with all the pros and cons of traditional databases. On the one hand, you have a fully relational structure, allowing you to rapidly query and manipulate data via joins, e.g. “delete all saved game where the level is less than 10 and the game hasn’t been loaded in the past 30 days”. You can express that in a line of SQL, whereas you’d have to manually wander through the equivalent corpus of Web Storage data. And if you have a strong need for performance, you can also lean on several decades of research on database optimisation (though tuning would have to be done separately for each possible SQL engine being used).
Furthermore, there’s support for transactions, your database is protected from the kind of race conditions that can arise with Web Storage.
On the other hand, Web SQL Database also comes at the cost of complexity. Do you really need a full-blown database in your front-end web client? Do you really want to go through the effort of specifying a schema, and coding up SQL for every data access? Sometimes it’s overkill. The other issue is compatibility. For now, Microsoft and Mozilla haven’t put it in their plans and don’t have any (public) plans to do so. You can still use it if you feel there will be advantages, but unless you only need to target a particular browser which supports it (e.g. a Chrome extension), don’t use it in a way that assumes it’s definitely present.
Read more about IndexedDB.
IndexedDB is a nice compromise between Web Storage and Web SQL Database. Like the former, it’s relatively simple; and like the latter, it’s capable of being very fast. The trick is to take a standard mapping, like LocalStorage, but index on certain fields inside the stored data. So if your game data was a structure including a “level” field, you could tell IndexedDB to index on “level”. Consequently, you can make fast queries about game levels; your application won’t have to trawl through all the game data structures, because it has a separate list of just the “level” fields. And it has a concept of cursors, so your application can quickly walk through result sets.
Read more about IndexedDB.
Filesystem API
Read more about the File APIs.
How to Use the Offline Technologies
Storing miscellaneous data
All things being equal, Web Storage should be your default port of call for storing offline data. It’s a dead-simple API and one that’s widely supported. Only consider using the other techniques if you have a specialised requirement not satisfied by Web Storage.
Extracting binary resources
Note this isn’t specifically about offline technologies, but it’s a common task that will come up when you’re using them. The section below explains how you can store binary data, once you’ve read it.
Storing binary data
You can store binary data directly or you can convert it to plain text. For direct binary storage, you can either use a Web SQL Database with a column of “BLOB” type or the File Writer API. Alternatively, you can convert the binary content to plain text using a binary encoding technique. The obvious choice is Base 64, since that’s the format commonly used on the net and in HTML5, e.g. it’s supported by browsers via data: URIs. When you come read back your base64-encoded content, you’ll find you can include it in your web app using a data URI, e.g. image.src = "data:image/jpg;base64," + base64data.
Ensuring the Application Runs Smoothly
When dealing with large amounts of data, there’s a risk your JavaScript will get so busy processing data, it won’t devote any time to the user interface. JavaScript is fundamentally single-threaded, meaning that only one thing happens at a time. If the user clicks a button, for instance, and the system is engaged in a long data activity, the click event will linger on a queue for several seconds and the user will be dismayed. Even longer delays will likely lead to the browser opening a dialog box asking the user if they want to stop the script. Best avoided.
Assuming you can’t (or don’t want to) reduce the amount of data you’re storing, the most important thing you can do is exploit asynchronous APIs. With these APIs, the browser will automatically create a new thread for you, do the work, and then return results back to the main thread. While the other thread is doing the work, your user-interface will keep chugging along nicely in the main thread. If you’ve made XMLHttpRequest before, you’ll already know that it’s almost always used in asynchronous mode, so you should do that for any Ajax calls. As for storage, most but not all of the APIs have asynchronous modes. LocalStorage is the exception; it’s only synchronous, so large quantities of data I/O may slow things down. Web SQL Database, IndexedDB, and File Writer all have both synchronous and asynchronous modes. You should generally favour asynchronous mode, even if it makes the programming model more complex.
The other way to do things asynchronously is to use WebWorkers, a way to introduce new threads into your JavaScript, with your own code running in the derivative thread. However, there are some major limitations; the storage APIs generally won’t work inside a Worker thread, and messages passed in and out of Workers can take a long time; I’ve found transferring several MB to and from a worker will take several seconds and lock up the user interface. So only use WebWorkers if you can’t achieve the same thing with an aysnchronous storage call. The situation will improve as more browsers support SharedWorkers, which have less limitations (though more complexity for the developer to deal with).
Handling simultaneous data opertations
It was noted that Web Storage doesn’t support transactions, so if you’re using it, you have three choices: prevent multiple clients, use locking, design around it, or hope for the best! The last choice is certainly viable, but not for robust web apps. The first choice has been attempted many times, with various tricks used to constrain an app to a single window, but somehow goes against the grain of the web. Locking is more feasible and hopefully libraries will evolve to support this pattern. Designing around it is also possible, as evidenced by various “NOSQL” frameworks for server-side applications and elsewhere. For example, in some circumstances, you might be able to just keep appending info instead of replacing it (and periodically removing old data).
Storing large amounts of data
If you are looking to store many Megabytes – or more, beware that there are limits in place, which are handled in different ways depending on the browser and the particular API we’re talking about. In most cases, there is a magic number of 5MB. For Application Cache and the various offline stores, there will be no problem if your domain stores under 5MB. When you go above that, various things can happen: (a) it won’t work; (b) the browser will request the user for more space; (c) the browser will check for special configuration (as with the “unlimited_storage” permission in the Chrome extension manifest). In the case of Chrome, extensions can request certain permissions, including “unlimited_storage”.
Detecting if you’re online
You should generally assume the network is present and make calls as normal. It’s only in the event of a server timeout or related error that you should invoke Doing so will serve two purposes: (a) you can decide if the error is caused by a network outage versus a server-specific outage, and if it’s a network outage, inform the user so they can get back online; (b) you can start watching for the “online” event, and take action when the user’s back online.
Structuring file data
The Filsystem API is designed for this use case. However, it is currently not supported everywhere. Alternatives include IndexedDB and Web SQL Database, which support structured data and queries against those structures. The general guideline would be to use one of those if you’re in need of complex queries. But what if you need to store file data? You can use the BLOB type of Web SQL Database, but it’s not intended for very large data items and it won’t work on all browsers.
Ensuring cross-browser compatibility
As you’ve probably noticed by now, storage support varies widely across the different browsers. If that’s true for the latest versions of each browser, imagine the differences that arise when you consider older versions too. To handle this, you’re best off creating – or reusing – a common storage abstraction, with calls such as, data) and store.findByIDs(). An example of an open-source abstraction like this is persist-js. An abstraction should determine which storage APIs are available (possibly using the Modernizr API) and then access the store using that API. This will help keep your library portable.
Protecting against lost data
Offline data is best used for caching content, rather than being the primary placeholder for user content. Browsers generally let users delete local storage, and there’s a strong risk some users will do so without realising the consequences. Thus, ensure data is frequently sync’d to the server, preferably in an automated fashion.
Securing offline data
As Nicholas Zakas has pointed out, a risk with offline storage is that users sometimes share the same browser. This may not be true with mobile browsers, but it’s certainly true in many family homes and scarily more true in the case of internet cafes. There’s a big risk of sensitive data being available to other users. They may not even be malicious users; they might just visit the site as someone else, only to find all of the previous user’s locally stored data in front of them.
Offline storage has many potential applications, well beyond the obvious “I want my application to run when users are on a plane” scenario. Developers in the past had to resort to workarounds, plugins, or browser-specific APIs, but modern developers have a veritable arsenal of standards-based capabilities to leverage. The challenge is to decide which to use when, and to use them in the right way. Hopefully, this article is helpful in guide your decision process. | http://tbldevelopmentfirm.com/creating-apps-with-html5-offline-functions/ | dclm-gs1-149200002 | false | false | {
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0.13278 | <urn:uuid:0a0bb6f3-d83c-419a-bd96-8e319e4d4c17> | en | 0.935001 | How might you identify a drug addicted baby?
you might identify a drug adicted baby by the way the mother has looked after herself while the baby was inside her.
1 Additional Answer Answer for: photos of drug addicted babies
Images of drug addicted babies · More images »
Q&A Related to "How might you identify a drug addicted baby?"
Babies can't be addicted to drugs. DUH!!!
Preferably 13.3 thousand babies a year or 3.4% out of 1000 from the year of 2009. 31% have breathing problems, 19% have low birth weight, feeding problems are at 18% and 2.3% of babies
Yes. A baby born to a drug using mother will have the same drugs in their blood as the mother. Pregnant women who use drugs on a regular basis will often go into premature labor and
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When a pregnant drug addicted mother gives birth to her baby, chances are the baby is going to be born addicted to drugs. The baby will have to be given medications ...
In Britain three babies everyday are born hooked on heroin and cocaine. Babies who are born addicted to drugs tend to have medical issues such as lung underdevelopment ...
A child can be born a drug addict because of the mother being an addict. An unborn child receives everything the mother puts in her body through the umbilical ... | http://uk.ask.com/question/photos-of-drug-addicted-babies | dclm-gs1-149310002 | false | false | {
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0.996641 | <urn:uuid:2f2493e0-c8ff-4b15-a259-a215caffa8b7> | en | 0.896471 | Physics Van 3-site Navigational Menu
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Q & A: magnets in water
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Underwater, will a magnet around a plastic tube move a metal cylinder inside the tube? If so how strong is the bond and how is this affected by the gap between the magnet and the cylinder?
- victor hunter
Yes, there will be a force so long as you use a magnetic metal, such as iron or most steels. The water and the tube have virtually no effect on the force. The force gets weaker if the gap is larger. We can't tell you the strength of the force without much more information. You can just measure it without the water first, if that's easier.
Mike W.
(published on 05/11/11)
Follow-up on this answer. | http://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=17127 | dclm-gs1-149350002 | false | false | {
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0.382691 | <urn:uuid:10b2a50f-94c7-4060-a8b7-0df3b5a8b9bc> | en | 0.947167 | จาก ScienceWiki
If you've researched enough, you will find that there are so many free online diet plans available that you can try. You'll also find people saying some diet plans work and some don't. Truth is, a diet plan is something that is well-researched and experimented on. So those in it will not embarrass themselves your clients' needs something that doesn't work. So yes, all diet plans will work. (Obviously, we're referring to legitimate ones, or those that are backed by actual studies and never merely by online profiteering strategies.)
But how come many people say that some of these plans don't work? It really boils down to compliance. For example, if your diet plan tells you to eat not more than that much rice per day, don't. If your diet lets you know to avoid sweets, do it. It's really all about compliance. This is exactly why the trick to locating the best diet regime is to pick the one that you're most likely to stick with. When you can do that, there's no reason it won't work.
Do Low-Carb Diet Plans Really Work for Weight Loss?
nuvoryn erfahrung
If you're one of those people wondering whether low-carb free online diet plans work, you should check the facts. Foods rich in carbohydrates are what we call "go foods" and that is because they supply us with energy. This is exactly what we use to help keep our biological processes going and the body moving. You may already know, the more we burn, the more we lose. So when we go on a low-carb diet, we end up losing much more weight. That's because it is our natural design to lose fat itself for energy when our carbohydrate supply expires.
So if you were to go on a low-carb diet, your body will not have any other choice but to utilise your fat stores so that you can continue to move, and your body processes are maintained. This is actually the exact reason a minimal carb diet will always work. Still, you shouldn't dip below your daily minimum caloric requirements. If you do, your body will be forced to go into starvation mode where it starts conserving calories rather than burning it, making weight loss more difficult.
Three Factors on How to Get Ripped
There are individuals who need to know the basic facts on how to get ripped. You will find hundreds of ways that could be tried and they're all effective. However, there are three factors which should not be forgotten. People should have a lot of rest, maintain proper diets, and perform some routines. Those are the three basic factors that many people ignore. In some cases, people would just consider two factors while ignoring one of them. It is very ideal to complete all of those things if people really want to rip muscles. The bodybuilding process is like a cycle. | http://wiki.science.cmu.ac.th/index.php?title=TolliverShrum903 | dclm-gs1-149360002 | false | false | {
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0.020425 | <urn:uuid:4060223b-a0d8-4c08-a13d-1a8d75bb5a8a> | en | 0.838759 | pico- [PEE koh]
(Italian: very small or from Spanish, "beak, tip, very small"; and from Latin, beccus, beak; also, a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements)
This prefix is used in metric [decimal] system as trillionth [U.S.] and billionth part [U.K.], 10-12 [0.000 000 000 001]. The metric symbol for pico- is p.
A metric unit of mass equal to 10-12 gram or one millionth of a microgram.
picokelvin (pK)
Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), in Cambridge, USA, led by Aaron Leanhardt, announced in September, 2003, that they had achieved a temperature of 450 picokelvin above absolute zero (0.000 000 000 45 degrees above absolute zero). This is considered the lowest man-made temperature to have been achieved.
picopicogram, ppg
A unit of mass or weight equal to 10-24 grams.
Tiny planktonic organisms ranging in size from 0.2 to 2.0 micrometers.
And little fleas have lesser fleas, and ad infinitum.
— Augustus de Morgan, noting the expanding scales of life and their connections.
A reference to picoplankton.
Related "metric" families: yotta; zetta; exa; peta; tera; giga; mega; kilo; hecto; deka; deci; centi; milli; micro; nano; femto; atto; zepto; yocto. | http://wordinfo.info/unit/1667?letter=P&spage=7 | dclm-gs1-149370002 | false | false | {
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0.122575 | <urn:uuid:e3e9aab5-894b-417c-a59c-1a937ccbc8b8> | en | 0.972491 | Thursday, October 11, 2012
What is the Safe Withdrawal Rate?
Dirk Cotton's guest post this week has triggered lots of interesting discussions about the 4% rule at a variety of message boards. I think I understand Dirk's message, or at least I know my interpretation about the meaning of the article.
In my view, the point of the article, or my own view about the matter, is not, as one commenter wrote, this:
The alternative that I believe Wade advocates is to pay a HUGE additional cost, in terms of reduced effective withdrawals, to shore up the remaining 5% - be it through simply lowering SWR, using VERY costly annuities, or dooming us to work until we're 80. Regardless of however you go about it, to go from 95% to approaching 100% will require an exponential order cost, not a linear one. "True" safe withdrawal isn't worth the cost, IMO...
I don't think anyone is saying that you have to lower the withdrawal rate to some truly safe level (i.e. zero).
So, what is the safe withdrawal rate? Actually, I was asked this question in the "Retirement Roundtable" in the current October 2012 issue of the Journal of Financial Planning. I answered:
I’m not really thinking about a safe withdrawal rate any more. It’s more like the lifetime satisfaction maximizing safe withdrawal rate, or something like that, that allows for the chance of wealth depletion or of potentially making cutbacks later on, like Jonathan was saying, with having the rules in place to have a dynamic withdrawal rate and to cut spending if we did have bad market returns….
I think we really have to consider now that the bond yields are so low, and that with bonds being a big component of someone’s retirement portfolio, I wouldn’t be that comfortable going much higher than 3.5 percent at the current time.
Let me explain this a bit more, because I wish I hadn't said the last paragraph. I felt pressured to give a number for the "safe withdrawal rate" even though I think the safe withdrawal rate is not particularly relevant to a well-designed and complete retirement income strategy.
For starters, I occasionally still see references to a prediction I made in an August 2011 JFP article saying that my best guess for a sustainable withdrawal rate for a 2010 retiree is 1.8%. I've since backed off from that prediction. The regression methodology I use in that article is hurt by the fact that we've never before experienced the market conditions of recent years, and that specifically creates problems for using the regression methodology. It specifically has trouble making these sorts of out of sample predictions. The main lesson from that article is that we cannot continue to treat 4% as safe in the market environment from recent years.
An alternative I've suggested to determine a safe withdrawal rate is to design assumptions reflecting current market conditions to feed into Monte Carlo simulations, as I explained in a January 2012 JFP article. I explain about this specific application for the article's methodology in a past blog post.
As well, and this gets to what I think is the main point of Dirk's guest post, one matter which has been clear to me is that the classic "constant inflation-adjusted withdrawals until wealth is depleted" strategy of the safe withdrawal rate research is the worst-possible strategy to use. Anything that makes adjustments for the actual market performance or revised remaining life expectancy will provide an improvement. These are the conditional probabilities of which Dirk wrote. The situation changes conditional on the experienced portfolio returns and conditional on having survived another year. This is a point emphasized both in my article here, and in the article I just recently reviewed from Morningstar
My most recent evolving views about safe withdrawal rates are highlighted in my most recent article, "An Efficient Frontier for Retirement Income." What I argue there is to forget about success rates, failure rates, safe withdrawal rates, etc. What matters from the financial side of retirement is how to best meet two objectives: to meet as well as possible one's lifestyle (or at least one' minimum) spending needs, and to preserve a buffer of financial assets to manage risks regarding unexpected expenses. Then I look at how different strategies, which include the possibility of partial annuitization, perform with regard to meeting these two objectives. There is a lifestyle spending goal in that article, but there is no safe withdrawal rate. And anyone who complains that annuities are too expensive must understand the current reality that everything is expensive in this low yield world. The 4% rule is not magically saved from failing in current circumstances just because it would have succeeded for retirees between 1926 and 1982.
And that is how I view, or rather don't view, the question of the safe withdrawal rate.
1. I think the problem is that someone like me needs to know a safe withdrawal rate. I have a certain amount saved for retirement (next year) and I need about 4% at a minimum. So if things have changed that 4% will not likely last for 30 years, I need to know that (with as much certainty as possible). If things really have changed and 4% is no longer considered "safe," I need some figure to know how much I can take out.
2. Bill,
The trouble in that it is hard to predict the future. In that Retirement Roundtable, I am coming in with a low-side estimate. Bill Bengen still suggests 4.5%, though that includes a healthy allocation to small-cap stocks. Jonathan Guyton suggests somewhere between 4.5% and 5.5%. I said 3.5%.
Just stay flexible, proceed with caution, and congratulations on your upcoming retirement.
3. Wade, I think you summarized my point perfectly.
Another point I tried to make is that the SWR probabilities are based on a flawed model. A model that tries to predict a probability of ruin using a policy requiring the retiree to continue spending even when ruin is imminent would get a C- in a college course on statistics and operations research from a kind professor, a point I confirmed with the head of that department at our local university a few years back.
We all know that in the real world retirees will decrease spending when their portfolio balance declines precipitously. They will experience a permanent decline in standard of living, but will avoid ruin. In reality, 5% won't experience ruin. Less than 0.5% a year will, but a large percentage (not predicted by the models) may suffer from inadequate income after a market decline.
But your new blog makes an even better point. People look at SWR's as if they are a predictable 4.5% (or 3.5%, or 1.8%. . .) at any point in the future, regardless of the economic situation at that time. TIPs ladders and annuities present the same problem. We can't predict what interest rates will be when we retire several years in the future, so we cannot predict a safe withdrawal rate (I don't believe there is such a thing), or the payout for annuities, or for TIPs ladders. Therefore, we can't know how much money we will need to save for retirement.
My hero, William J. Bernstein, narrowed down the correct amount as follows in The Investors Manifesto, "save as much as you can, start as early as you can, and do not ever stop."
4. Wade -
The thing that really irks me about this whole topic is that the 1.8% figure has lurked in the back crevices of my mind, causing 4:00am worry, ever since I heard it published by a guy with three letters next to his name….And now to see him just sort of casually say in comment #2, “The trouble in that it is hard to predict the future”….followed by what appears to be kind of an off-the-cuff “answer” when pressed of: Maybe 3.5%??....Argh!
The other takeaway as I bounce around the internet on related topics is that there really does appear to be some basis for the argument that the SWR answer may legitimately change based on current valuations….Perhaps Bengen’s “lowest-common-denominator” approach accounts for this, but the guy retiring at the peak of the 2000 bubble admittedly has a different risk profile than the gal retiring in March 2009….And I guess this is ultimately why no one can ever definitively just give us an “answer”….
1. Thank you. I'm not sure that the SWR rate changes based on current valuations, but the point I tried to argue is that the best guess we can make about what the sustainable withdrawal will end up being is related to current valuations, and the relationship was rather close in the past. However, in recent years I worry whether that close relationship can hold, since market valuations and now bond yields are out of the range of historical experience. That's what caused me to de-emphasize the specific predictions such as 1.8%
5. Perhaps to put it simply: If you must have a "safe withdrawal rate" that does not change with market conditions, the only option is an inflation-adjusted annuity. Otherwise, you need to have a strategy that takes market performance into account. The bright side is that doing so may increase the withdrawals as well as decrease them.
1. Yes, this is a good way to put it. Thanks.
6. Annuities! Yes from an academic point of view it seems like a viable solution.
But how much would you invest in the stock of one company, and how is putting a large amount with an insurance company any different? (Some states do have a back-up fund to cover insurance company failures but not to 100%.)
I bought a SPIA a few years ago suggested by one of the largest mutual fund companies. I did my homework, it seemed fairly safe and inflation indexed too. From the largest insurance company in the world.... AIG! Where would I be now without the much critisized bail-out? Fred
1. You would be fine without the bailout. AIG's annuity unit was well capitalized and the reserves belonged to the policyholders, not the company. To the best of my knowledge, only one U.S. annuity company has failed in the past 75 years; that was before the current regulatory scheme and the policyholders there (even those without state insurance) lost about one to two years income and then again received payments as promised.
2. Right.
Joe Tomlinson wrote an excellent column about the safety of annuity providers. I would suggest it for further background, including a discussion of AIG:
7. SWR is like penis size/envy. Those at the extremes inherently know where they stand. Well endowed = low withdrawal worries. Short changed = high withdrawal rate...lots of anxiety. Those in the middle of the statistical distribution will always be looking for someone to tell them that they're doing fine. "It's OK fella, your withdrawal rate is LIKELY to be fine."
1. Good simile. This is also related to a point that annuities may best serve those in the middle ground. With a low withdrawal rate, there's no need to worry.
8. Annuities don't pay much right now, either. About 3.8% payout at age 65 with inflation protection. And the expected returns from a TIPs ladder (see Sharpe "4% Withdrawal Rate -- At What Cost"),which have historically had a real return of 2%, are now about zero.
Wade's point is that when all of these expected returns and interest rates are low, as they are now, all future income streams are going to be expensive for TIPs, annuities AND SWR. SWR can't stay at 4.5% while the rest of the financial world's returns slip toward nothing.
SWR is a crap-shoot. It's a market bet. If you're looking for a withdrawal rate to bank on, there isn't one, unless you know what the market is going to do over the next 30 years.
TIPs ladders and annuities are far safer, but in today's economic situation, they just don't guarantee much return.
Sometimes even the best choices aren't very good.
9. So I'm confused. Any person off the street can throw up his hands and say the market is too hard to predict and therefore its a crapshoot, buy an annuity, etc, etc....
But somehow when people who do this stuff for a living say the same thing, they are under the misperception that they are making some profound intellectual statement....Well guess what guys, if this is the best you got, its time to move on to a different profession because you are not helping.
10. Jim Otar gives another view of Safe Withdrawal Rates in his book _Unveiling the Retirement Myth_ ( Simplifying quite a bit, you (1) figure out what you need to withdraw from your savings to cover expenses (be it 1%, 10%, or whatever), and then (2) discover whether you are lucky or not. If you are lucky, your withdrawal rate will be safe (and it doesn't much matter what rate you are doing); if you are unlucky, your savings will run dry (and again, it doesn't much matter what rate you are doing). Within about four years you'll have a good idea whether you are lucky or not.
I want better, and accept that it is expensive.
11. You guys have let fear overtake you.
Fact: US Businesses have returned ~9.5% over the last century. (Including: Earnings growth, Dividends, Valuation).
Bonds, although terrible at the moment, have consistently returned more than inflation over the last 100 years.
Inflation has averaged about 3% over the last century in the US.
Do the math for a "Balanced" portfolio of above ingredients and returns average 4 or 5%, above-inflation. This is just math, a fact.
So while "sequence of returns" matter, etc, etc, its not that big of a leap to accept that if you're willing to dip into your principle from time-to-time, withdrawing up to 4% is an extremely safe bet if the definition of success is simply to not run out of money. (I think Bengen even "proved" this deterministically)
So let's forget the nonsense of 1.8% WR's....(Unless of course, you're working as an annuity salesman).
1. Try that same calculation with other countries' stock markets.
There is no reason to expect the last century's results in the US to continue in the future, especially considering the vast changes in the political and economic landscape here.
12. I agree that if Obama wins the current election, we will have a further setback. But he is only one man, his term will eventually end and the US will revert back to its mean (5% of world population generating 25% of worlds Revenue).
But if you feel compelled to expand your investments beyond the US, I agree, you are playing by a different set of rules...I just don't know why one would choose to do so unless they have insights that lead them to....And in that case, as long as their insights are right, they should be ok...
1. Prof. Grubbs,
Thank you for the very thoughtful response. You are indeed right. I was stuck in the "safe withdrawal rate" mindset when answering Bill's question.
Prof. Grubbs along with financial planner Jason Branning created a framework called "Modern Retirement Theory," which I think makes a lot of sense. It is what he is describing here. Very simply, it is about prioritizing one's financial liabilities and then matching assets to those liabilities in a way keeps the risk levels appropriate.
Prof. Grubbs, may I re-run your comment as a guest post on my blog?
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0.020192 | <urn:uuid:6e16381b-e979-4daf-a2b3-307f39a407ea> | en | 0.925085 | United States
North America
South America
Preguntas & Respuestas con Sri Sri Ravi Shankar
Preguntas & Respuestas con Sri Sri Ravi Shankar
Q: Is there a higher purpose to art?
Sri Sri: There is no purpose to art. It is an expression of happiness. For the onlooker, art brings a sort of solace and comfort. For the creator, it is just an expression.
Q: How can I feel your presence in my everyday life?
Sri Sri: You already feel it, no?
Q: What is your advice to parents?
Sri Sri: Know how to ride a horse! When you sit on horseback, you must move with it. You have to rock with the motion otherwise your back will hurt. Parents have to rock. You have to swing with them, know them and gently guide. Sometimes you tighten the reins, sometimes loosen. It is the same with kids. Put your foot down sometimes, but also give them freedom.
Q: How does one deal with the loss of a loved one?
Sri Sri: When a dear one is lost, just bear it. Be with that moment. Let time take you out of it. There is no “dealing” with this. Just be in the knowledge.
Q: How can I sustain the peace of meditation, the “all is well” feeling?
Sri Sri: How do you sleep at night? You simply drop everything. When you wake up, you are fresh and have the energy and dynamism to deal with the situations. It is the same with meditation. You will see the contrast if you don’t meditate for some time.
Q: How can I become more disciplined?
Sri Sri: Why do you want to be disciplined? It will make you happier? It will improve your fitness or health? So it is the love for being in shape or the fear of becoming unhealthy that will keep you disciplined. Love, fear and greed bring discipline. If someone says you will get $1 million for being disciplined in your life, that will make you so.
Q: How to get rid of hurt and anger?
Sri Sri: Do Sudarshan Kriya, breathe, sing and meditate. There is no point in brooding. Move on in life. Don’t waste today for what happened yesterday. Wake up and say, “I have the valor and the courage to overcome this.” With someone else’s anger, you must play all your tricks to calm them. Then leave it to God. Educate and ignore. Give them some time. Ask for pardon and most people will not hold the grudge. If they do, it is only out of ignorance.
Q: How do I break the cycle of feeling victimized whenever I go through difficulties?
Sri Sri: You have already broken it the moment you realize the pattern. You realize it is your own mind’s making and that it has happened over and over again. This realization will come in its own time. And when this happens, be happy and grateful. Imagine where you were five or ten years back. How have you changed? How much better it has become since then. Put your attention on this. The more we are grateful, the more grace we will have in our life.
The first step to fun is relaxation. What tires you is anxiety and ambition for tomorrow. The anger and hatred of yesterday are also clogging our mind. In the same way feverishness pulls down our enthusiasm. In deep relaxation, you will find everything funny.
Q: What if you give a promise and then take it back?
Sri Sri: It is not the promise which is important. What is important is: what is best for ever body, for all human beings. Suppose you have promised your daughter to take her skiing but if the weather forecast says that there will be a snow storm, what will you do? Will you take her out because you promised or will you be intelligent and say, “The promise will not bring happiness now, so I take back my promise and not take you there now”.
Q: Please, tell us how to prevent pollution.
Sri Sri: : We have to plant more trees and care for the nature. Drive less, more car pools, etc.
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In general the term ‘Buddha’ means awakened one or to be free from delusions.
Many people were, are and will become Buddha’s.
Buddhism started with the Buddha. The word ‘Buddha’ is a title, which means ‘one who is awake’ — in the sense of having ‘woken up to reality’. Buddha did not claim to be a god or a prophet, he was a human who became enlightened and now his teachings (The Dharma) have inspired all of the great wisdom on the shedding of suffering.
We can learn a lot from the life story of Buddha Shakyamuni. Lets look at the man behind the legend.
buddha 3Buddha, otherwise known as Buddha Shakyamuni or Siddhartha Cautama was born as a Royal Prince in 624 BC in Nepal. At the age of 16 Buddha entered into an arranged marriage and had a son.
He was a gifted child but he also lived a sheltered life from the outside world. Even though living a privileged life Buddha spent the first part of his life very unhappy.
One day when he was outside the palace he saw a crippled man, a diseased man, a decaying corpse and an ascetic; these sightings jolted him from his privileged life as he began to realize the suffering beyond the walls of his palace.
Why do human beings suffer? Is there any escape?
These questions plagued his mind. These sightings left deep impressions on him and led him to realize that all living beings suffer; we suffer sickness, ageing and death. And not just once, but through reincarnation we live this suffering over and over again.
We are essentially trapped in a cycle of rebirth and suffering.
In an attempt to find the secret to end of suffering, Buddha left his wife, son and the safe walls of the palace and became a wanderer.
He studied under many teachers and became adept at meditation. Because of the self reflective capacity of the mind, yoga and meditation can be used to tame the mind and therefore tame the passions. It wasn’t uncommon to see Yogi’s sitting for hours, breathing more and more slowly until they were barely breathing at all.
Buddha was an excellent student, but no matter what he did, he was still stuck with the pain. He managed to escape the pain and suffering of the planet, but those escapes were only temporary. Buddha was able to reach rare states of consciousness, but it wasn’t permanent.
He still was plagued with the same problem: Why do humans suffer; how can we escape the cycle of birth, death and rebirth?
Buddha continued on his travels, leaving behind his studies and entered an ascetic lifestyle. A belief in freeing the spirit by denying the flesh. Ascetic’s believed that by torturing themselves they can eliminate and liberate themselves from all anger and desires.
Buddha was near starvation when he realized that he still hadn’t solved the great mystery that tortured him. For 6 long years he tortured his body, trying to eliminate all that was bad within himFasting Siddhartha (Sakyamuni Buddha) - Lahore (Pakistan)
He was on the brink of death when he remembered a day when he was “young and sat by the river with his father and the perfection of the world as it was simply gave itself to him”
The taproot of Buddhism is compassion. A deep affection for everything because we are all in it together, humans, animals, the planet as a whole.” Everything is connected.
Buddha’s mind drifted and by instinct he crossed his legs in a yoga pose. He felt a sense of pure joy. He then realized he can’t sustain this joy if he doesn’t eat and that’s when a girl appeared and gave him some food. At that moment he abolished his ascetic lifestyle. He made a decision towards life. He called this grace, he realized that you can’t do it on your own. In Christianity it comes from the divine, in the story of the Buddha it comes from the kind heart of a girl.
Life is painful, life involves change and after all that he still had his problem of why humans suffer.
Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva_Bodhi_TreeHe decided to trust his own mind and he sat under a Bodhi tree and vowed to stay there until he found the answers. The supreme and final wisdom. He was challenged in many ways, the Lord of desire Mara attacked. Buddha resisted all of Mara’s attacks. Buddha remembered all his previous lives, animal and human. He gained the power to see the process of birth, death and rebirth.
He was given a cosmic vision of the workings of the entire universe. As the morning star appeared he roared like a lion, his mind was at peace.
The heavens shook and the Bodhi tree rained flowers, he had become the awakened one, The Buddha.
He found enlightenment after 40 days on the full moon in May. He attained ultimate freedom from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth. He is of pure mind.
At 36 Buddha discovered enlightenment.
Through out the remaining 45 years of his life he traveled throughout India spreading understanding about The Dharma (teachings). Teaching Nirvana – the shedding of suffering.
Buddha’s are free from greed, hatred & ignorance & characterized by wisdom, compassion and freedom.
Photo credit
If you enjoyed this post you might also enjoy:
What are the 4 Noble Truths?
The Power of Meditation
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0.130026 | <urn:uuid:836a3126-ecce-4706-9ddc-dac1308c69df> | en | 0.802787 | Summary page for 'NLRP11' (ENSG00000179873) - Project: 5FU
| Show/Hide All Content
Basic Gene Stats
Species: Human
Gene Name: 'NLRP11' (HUGO: NLRP11)
ALEXA Gene ID: 15419 (ALEXA_hs_53_36o)
EnsEMBL Gene ID: ENSG00000179873
Entrez Gene Record(s): NLRP11
Ensembl Gene Record: ENSG00000179873
Evidence: Known Gene
Gene Type: protein_coding
Location: chr19 60988582-61035172 (-): 19q13.42-q13.43
Size (bp): 46591
Description: NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 11 (PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 6)(Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 17) [Source:UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot;Acc:P59045]
Comparison: HS04401_vs_HS04391
Mip101 (HS04391) has 21 total reads for 'NLRP11'. UCSC data links: (C | P)
Mip5FuR (HS04401) has 7 total reads for 'NLRP11'. UCSC data links: (C | P)
Link to other genes in the same chromosome region as 'NLRP11'
Features defined for this gene: 95
Gene: 1
Transcript: 2
ExonRegion: 10
Junction: 36
KnownJunction: 9
NovelJunction: 27
Boundary: 18
KnownBoundary: 0
NovelBoundary: 18
Intron: 9
SilentIntronRegion: 9
Intergenic: 2
ActiveIntergenicRegion: 5
SilentIntergenicRegion: 4
Summary of transcript specific features for 'NLRP11' (ENSG00000179873)
ENST00000308725:E3a_E4a, ER4a, E4a_E5a
Summary of known expressed features
Expressed above background
LibraryExon Regions
Known Junctions
Detected at any level above 0
LibraryExon Regions
Known Junctions
Normalized expression data for each known or novel expressed feature of 'NLRP11'
FIDNameTypeBase Count
(% unmasked |
% coding)
Mip101 Log2
Mip5FuR Log2
G15419NLRP11Gene3417 (99% | 91%)N/AN/A0.33 (C | P)0.20 (C | P)
T36309ENST00000308725Transcript286 (100% | 100%)N/AN/A0.36 (C | P)1.12 (C | P)
ER103948ER1aExonRegion32 (100% | 0%)200.00 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103949ER2aExonRegion333 (100% | 81%)410.00 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103950ER3aExonRegion1570 (100% | 100%)710.11 (C | P)0.19 (C | P)
EJ1822850E3a_E4aKnownJunction62 (100% | 100%)800.00 (C | P)1.99 (C | P)
ER103951ER4aExonRegion162 (100% | 100%)810.87 (C | P)0.63 (C | P)
EJ1822857E4a_E5aKnownJunction62 (100% | 100%)800.00 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103952ER5aExonRegion168 (100% | 100%)1110.82 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
EJ1822863E5a_E6aKnownJunction62 (100% | 100%)900.00 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103953ER6aExonRegion171 (100% | 100%)1110.18 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
EJ1822868E6a_E7aKnownJunction62 (100% | 100%)1101.38 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103954ER7aExonRegion171 (100% | 100%)1010.73 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103955ER8aExonRegion171 (100% | 100%)1010.53 (C | P)0.57 (C | P)
EJ1822875E8a_E9aKnownJunction62 (100% | 100%)1001.33 (C | P)0.00 (C | P)
ER103956ER9aExonRegion171 (100% | 100%)1010.08 (C | P)0.51 (C | P)
ER103957ER10aExonRegion468 (90% | 53%)100.68 (C | P)0.18 (C | P)
DE and AE features of 'NLRP11'
(Log2 Diff | SI Value)
Figures displaying gene and feature expression levels in each library
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0.018163 | <urn:uuid:52e8d622-920a-4f94-a82b-4658db1519ce> | en | 0.939862 | Parents sue school board for teaching evolution only
A group of parents and a creationist non-profit group are suing the Kansas Board of Education over new public school science standards they argue violate their religious freedom by establishing a “non-theistic” worldview that’s actually a religion itself.
The lawsuit, filed Thursday by Citizens for Objective Public Education, charges the Next Generation Science Standards approved by the state board of education in June are essentially a state-approved religion that “will have the effect of causing Kansas public schools to establish and endorse a non-theistic religious worldview,” according to a COPE news release.
ascent3At issue is the concept of evolution and how it’s taught to young children. Under the standards, Kansas public schools are taking a stance on religious matters, the COPE lawsuit states.
“The [standards] take impressionable children, beginning in kindergarten, into the religious sphere by leading them to ask ultimate religious questions like what is the cause and nature of life and the universe – ‘where do we come from,’” the lawsuit states.
The standards amount to an “orthodoxy” that discounts the possibility of any supernatural force, the lawsuit states. And by rejecting religion, the state is establishing its own form of religion, COPE argues.
“Instead of explaining to students that science has not answered these religious questions, the [standards] seek to cause them to accept that controversial materialistic/atheistic answers are valid,” the lawsuit states.
That has “the effect of causing Kansas public schools to establish and endorse a nontheistic religious worldview in violation of the Establishment, Free Exercise and Speech Clauses of the First Amendment and Equal Protection Clauses of the 14th Amendment.”
In short, a COPE attorney with a long history of legal activism in evolution cases told the Associated Press, belief or disbelief in a supernatural power or its role in the origin of life is a matter of religious faith – a province that belongs to parents, not the public school system.
Is evolution-only teaching a form of religion?
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About Joe Saunders
• patriot1742
For those who choose to say they descended from monkeys OK with me – but I am a product of a Holy God who breathed life into me. That I am sure of.
• http://mcbluefire.net McB
I just want to know when scientific theory became teachable as a fact. You have to have devoted faith to believe in unproven theories as plausible possibility. Humanism is the religion of believing what scientists think may be right.
Science is a tool for study – a method of study. By ignoring steps of the process it is no longer science.
• plainsman844
What other SCIENTIFIC theories of the diversity of life are there? Science is based on evidence, and the evidence supports evolution. Not a single speck of evidence supports ID/Creationism. Not a single speck of evidence supports any supernatural explanation of anything. If you claim there is no evidence for evolution either, input “evidence for evolution” into Google Scholar and you will get 1,750,000 citations – time to read up.
• Aaron Barnes
tht not the point the point is that evolution should be taught in science class and creationism should be taught in history or religion class and should be taught in middle or high school.
• Princess Raquel
It’s not the schools job to tell how the world was created. I’m 19 now but I remember being in elementary school and my teachers playing movies about evolution. I remember disagreeing with a student by saying, “I didn’t believe in this” and my teacher got involved and started arguing with me about it taking the other students side. It’s just wrong and only confuses the child. Don’t get me wrong, I do believe all Christians should be educated on evolution. BUT to teach it to a child that is to young to often fully think for themselves is wrong. Teach evolution in middle school or high school where they can actually disagree with out feeling attacked or scared. School needs to play the school role and leave the parent role to the parent!
• plainsman844
This nonsense doesn’t have a snowball’s chance in hell:
• http://twitter.com/jsbrodhead Jeff Brodhead
Amen! Time to take the government “religion” DOWN several pegs!
• http://twitter.com/jsbrodhead Jeff Brodhead
Progressives BELIEVE that every open mind is a garbage can into which they can dump their prized excrement!
• Aaron Barnes
keep evolution in science class and creationism in religion or history class. when i studied the history of Jewish religion or the history of the civs tht started in the middle east like isreal we studied their beliefs like creationism.
• Aaron Barnes
i think science tells us how god did things and religion tells what and why god did those things. | http://www.bizpacreview.com/2013/09/29/parents-sue-school-board-for-teaching-evolution-only-84318 | dclm-gs1-149580002 | false | false | {
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0.033997 | <urn:uuid:a5dc0275-0b8c-437b-a764-7c20bd35e022> | en | 0.943132 | Tenacious D Tickets
Tenacious D is an American rock-metal band, which was formed in 1991 in Los Angeles, California. Tenacious D includes lead vocalist and guitarist Jack Black and lead guitarist and vocalist Kyle Gass. Tencious D have already released three albums – Tenacious D (in 2001), The Pick of Destiny (in 2006), and Rize of the Fenix (in 2012). Don't miss your chance to see Tenacious D in concert, Get your Tenacious D tickets today !
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0.04585 | <urn:uuid:c26e9b5f-5805-4824-b4f7-58081896b21a> | en | 0.960018 | Science & Research
What Your Baby's Gender Could Say About Your Genes
Male lion with cubs in Gol Kopjes, Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
Photograph by Joe McDonald/Corbis
There is a term—my in-laws introduced me to it—for children born into a life of inherited wealth and unearned leisure. They are “fortunate sperm.” A newly published study gives that term new meaning. We all assume that the gender of a child is basically random—the result of a ferocious, wriggly race between tens of millions of sperm to get to and burrow into the waiting egg. But the new research suggests that mothers in a wide and diverse array of mammal species are able, perhaps unconsciously, to choose the gender of their offspring. Somehow the moms are rigging the game.
The idea that this might be the case was most famously laid out in a 1973 paper (PDF) by the evolutionary biologist Robert Trivers and the computer scientist Dan Willard. The central insight was that gender has a lot to do with one’s reproductive success. In many mammalian species, being male was either very good or very bad, reproduction-wise. Among lions, an alpha male, with an entire pride’s worth of females at his disposal, will have lots of offspring. But most male lions are not alphas, and they won’t have any offspring at all. Being female, on the other hand, is a safer, if less potentially lucrative, genetic bet. Since access to wombs is what all those male lions and bighorn sheep and elephant seals are competing over, most females will have at least some offspring.
Human social life is not lion social life, but there are parallels: Contemporary genetic testing of Asian men suggests that at least 16 million of them are descended from the marauding ultra-alpha Genghis Khan. Having a boy worked out very well, genetically, for the Khan family.
Evolution, Trivers and Willard argued, was unlikely to leave something this important up to chance. They hypothesized that mothers would somehow contrive to have offspring who were themselves likely to have the most offspring. For example, females likely to have dominant offspring—perhaps because their mate or they themselves are particularly big, strong, smart, or whatever confers an advantage in their surroundings—would be more likely to have male children. Those not likely to have alpha kids would hedge their bets and have daughters.
Trivers and Willard’s theory, like all provocative and influential ones, has triggered a raft of opposing and complementary theories about the logic behind biased sex ratios. There are lots of reasons, other biologists have pointed out, why mothers might prefer one gender over another: In primate species (including, in some cultures, ours), males tend to leave the community when they reach adolescence, so if a mother wants help raising other young, she should have a girl. On the other hand, if she doesn’t want another adult in the community hanging out competing for scarce resources, she should have a boy.
What all of these theories share, argues Joseph Garner, a Stanford professor of medicine and behavioral science and one of the authors of the new study, is that, clever as they are, “they are all somewhat post-hoc explanations.” There have been a few promising results, including one study that looked at the Forbes billionaires list and found that 60 percent of the children born to its male members were sons. But large-scale animal studies have proven difficult to do—in large part because lions and elephant seals are not good at keeping accurate family trees.
To get around that, the new study, published in the online journal PLOS One, looked at animals in captivity, at the San Diego Zoo. The researchers compiled data from breeding records on 38,075 individuals from 678 mammalian species—from the Sumatran tiger to the Kenyan impala to the Red River hog. Looking across three generations, they found that Trivers and Willard were right: Animal grandparents that skewed their offspring toward one gender had more grandchildren than those that didn’t. A lot more, it turns out. Animal parents that biased their offspring toward males had 25 percent to 29 percent more grandchildren than those that didn’t bias at all. Mothers that biased toward females had more grandchildren per daughter than those that didn’t bias. Those that most strongly biased toward males had particularly fecund sons, yielding 2.7 times more grandchildren than the sons of mothers that didn’t bias. In other words, being picky about the sex of one’s offspring is a very good idea in the animal kingdom.
All of which raises the question of how, physiologically, mothers could control this; the new paper is silent on that question. Various theories have been put forward: that the different shapes of “male” and “female” sperm allow them to be identified and selectively slowed in the female reproductive tract, or that hormones can trigger changes in the chemical composition of the womb to encourage the growth of male embryos over female embryos. Garner doesn’t find any of these compelling. “We just have no idea how they’re doing it, really,” he says. For him, that’s very exciting. He thinks the search for the answer will open up whole new research frontiers, and yield all sorts of real-world benefits: The dairy industry, he points out, has a huge incentive to ensure that its cows only have female offspring.
It’s not hard to imagine the implications for human reproduction, as well. When it comes to childbirth, we’re leaving less and less up to chance these days, and if there’s a way to control gender without resorting to in vitro fertilization, it’s sure to get used. And in the age of narcissistic parenting, the mere knowledge that the gender of a child says something about the parents may take on social significance. Garner cautions that there are explanations besides Trivers-Willard for why particular genders are favored in particular circumstances, and having a son isn’t de facto evidence of world-beating genes. Still, the more people hear about these results, the more likely it is that we’ll see sons, like summer houses and seats on museum boards, as a new status symbol for a certain kind of parent eager to show off the hand they’ve been dealt in the great genetic lottery.
Bennett is a staff writer for Bloomberg Businessweek in New York.
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0.021943 | <urn:uuid:6b481fec-9bc7-4126-97c0-8e8b90b82bc3> | en | 0.827462 | Profits Head Home. Where Are the Jobs?
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0.057221 | <urn:uuid:573f9e71-607d-4846-b1c2-964606ce52d6> | en | 0.762852 | My account
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0.056596 | <urn:uuid:c9b7aecc-bd4c-4118-a8a6-06ac469d6682> | en | 0.879029 | Got 2 more question to go for a good grade please pretty please help
0 pts ended
1.)Three forces, given by F1 = (1.80 j ) N,F2 = ( - 5.00 i + 3.00 j ) N, andF3 = ( - 46.0 i + 49.0 j ) N, act on an object togive it an acceleration of magnitude 3.85 m/s2.
(a) What is the direction of the acceleration?
° (from the positive x axis)
(b) What is the mass of the object?
(c) If the object is initially at rest, what is its speed after13.0 s?
(d) What are the velocity components of the object after13.0 s?
( i + j ) m/s
Answers (1)
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Fast expert answers 24/7 Ask a question | http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/1-forces-given-f1-180-j-n-f2-500-i-300-j-n-andf3-460-i-490-j-n-act-object-togive-accelerat-q219372 | dclm-gs1-149690002 | false | false | {
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0.420986 | <urn:uuid:bb489489-6756-4e45-9028-18e9ddfb6237> | en | 0.979386 | Does paying children an allowance really work?
Experts say it teaches children that working for money isn't fun
Published On: Jan 04 2013 06:07:14 AM EST
kids and money
Pretty good chance your parents paid you an allowance, probably to get you to do chores around the house. It was often accompanied by a conversation about the value of hard work and how you would learn important lessons on how to save money.
Maybe they were wrong.
Mashable reports:
Other experts say paying children for chores around the house can also lead to problems because it teaches them that working for money isn't fun.
But is there a smarter way to pay children an allowance, so that they learn how to handle money at an early age? Mandell says parents should talk about family finances with their children when they pay an allowance. "Allowance can be used very constructively, but to use it constructively requires time, effort and a degree of honesty on the part of the parent," he explains. "Most parents don't want to do it because they don't have much time," he adds. | http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/Does-paying-children-an-allowance-really-work/-/1719418/18008534/-/view/print/-/fqnjmez/-/index.html | dclm-gs1-149730002 | false | false | {
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0.057415 | <urn:uuid:88227488-3d94-461c-b3ac-a9f7d06019ab> | en | 0.975026 | Robinson Crusoe
I find it interesting that the novel Robinson Crusoe, written by Daniel Defoe in 1719, while not originally intended for a child audience, became the subject of one of the earliest children’s wallpapers. Early children’s wallpapers were designed to be educational and not to amuse. While this book was a novel about travel and adventure and would certainly have appealed to the imaginations of children, it also delivers a strong message of faith. This is the aspect of the novel that would have appealed to manufacturers and parents.
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0.523007 | <urn:uuid:abc83919-215f-4d0e-9901-208b54526dff> | en | 0.967148 | Pitt's zombie flick mindless, bloodthirsty — and very political
The other day, I was walking out of "World War Z" — the big summer zombie movie with Brad Pitt — and I couldn't help but look at people and wonder:
Which ones survive?
Which ones turn into zombies and bite their loved ones because they were too indecisive when it counted?
And which ones end up with rippling muscles and tight-fitting clothes, the sleeves ripped off, smoking a cigar?
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Try it yourself if you see the movie. Look at your friends, family and think on it.
"I'm going to survive," insisted my colleague Old School, who does not smoke cigars but said he would begin after a zombie apocalypse.
"I'll be that guy with the muscles and the sleeveless shirt and a sawed-off shotgun and a double-headed ax if they get too close."
Old School, like many of you, has thought this one out. He knows it's not likely that an entire family makes it. They never do.
"If my family turns zombie, I'm going to be upset," he said. "But then I'm going to become a head-cutting (expletives deleted)."
There's nothing like a zombie movie. Zombies are all about direct action, coldblooded purpose, relentless predatory impulse. Zombies aren't emotional. And sometimes you can hear their teeth clicking, just like an IRS agent hunting down conservatives.
It's not the same with vampire movies. Vampire movies can't hold a silver candelabra to zombie movies.
Vampires were once scary creatures because they'd take your everlasting soul. These days vampires wear skinny jeans and get married in vampire church.
And then the vampires have babies.
Vampire procreation has ruined the whole vampire thing for me.
But zombies are different. They're mindless, bloodthirsty. They mass together in huge swarms and take what they want. Zombies can't be reasoned with. They're insatiable.
In other words, zombie movies are extremely political.
If you're going to see a PG-13 zombie movie like "World War Z," I'm not going to stop you.
It's strange, though, that there's little if any blood. Even the Christ-like Pitt character doesn't bleed when he's all but crucified in a plane crash, with a shard of metal stuck into his side, dirty blond hair hanging down like some blue-eyed Jesus.
Another thing wrong with the movie is that there aren't any kid zombies. But most zombie movies avoid turning kids into zombies.
You'd think that children would go zombie first because they're weaker and not as cunning and because teenagers never listen. But in this one, no kid zombies. Only adult zombies. | http://www.courant.com/news/columnists/ct-met-kass-0623-20130623,0,6675415.column | dclm-gs1-149790002 | false | false | {
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0.021994 | <urn:uuid:5b8c85af-4dd9-44d3-a900-b0597467e684> | en | 0.948739 | Thursday, September 22, 2005
Hard Return and Hard Come Backs
Then I receive an e-mail.
Dear Debra,
“10am. Is that okay?” I ask.
I said, relieved that something was going to happen.
“Hey Deb! How’s it going?”
Tara-raboomdeay said...
Why do you think the Ten Commandments were "published" on two stone tablets? Because Moses spent 40 years in the desert on hold with his publisher. Finally, The Almighty took the matter in His own hands.
PLEASE, don't get discouraged. I'm not a published author, but I can imagine how frustrating this must be. It will get done & it shouldn't take an act of God. Keep on them.
PS - It's long been rumored that the final straw was when Moses's publisher suggested deleting a couple of the commandments. (Sensible editing is so hard to find!)
piu piu said...
no book, but editor of mag was a reall ass pain....
Tressa said...
"insert this" is what i'd say! *grin*
sorry on your bout of bad luck but don't give up! if you want something bad enough and if this is your dream, then you have to continue to persue it through the good and the bad. then you will experience success!
~Deb said...
Tara, you're a trip...
Piu & batlagelina----- it's definitely frustrating, I finally got that call back just now- was on the phone with her for some and NOW she says that hard returns can be adjusted so that it will appear as I like them to.'s too late. I'm DONE! *grr*
Piu- magazine publishing- same thing really. Why are they so hard to work with? I thought it was going to be easy, I thought the hard part was writing the book, not it's dealing with the editors and other ten million reps. *shaking head*
When's cocktail hour????????
Thanks for your positive input guys!
~Deb said...
Okay---wait! Just received this e-mail just now!
"Congratulations! Your book has passed our initial Acquisitions process
and has
been sent to formatting.
Please review the process and timeline below according to your
If you have more than one title in our system, please log in to our
Panel to review the status of each file. For books sent to formatting,
will be a job status next to the book ID that says "Formatting."
Woo hooooo! I'm feeling better now. Watch something happen with the formatting process. *pulls hair out*
Tara-raboomdeay said...
Is Walmart or McDonalds the publisher? KIDDING
Well it sounds like you're making progress. Congratulations! You're next book should be about navigating the publishing process!
Keep us posted!!!
Net's word said...
Deb - good on you for persevering!!! I am relieved to see that you had some success for all your efforts. Whew!!!!! I look forward to reading what you have written, as I enjoy your posts so much. The honesty is sooooo refreshing!!! Don't let the b___ards get you down (Canadian saying!)
What doesn't kill us makes us stronger or something like that - who needs the pain, eh????
~Deb said...
I have smileys inserted throughout my text?
Is this lady on crack??????????
I almost bypassed that section! My book is going to look like a circus full of emoticons?
Tara-raboomdeay said...
Deb, I think this lady works at my firm.... :)
~Deb said...
SMILEYS? I mean, who writes a book with smileys all over the place? It was an error.
Who am I dealing with here Tara??? It's quite comical.
Off to have a well needed cocktail...
HBloom said...
Hang in there and don't give up!.....I see that you have already made progress, congrats.
Tara-raboomdeay said...
Have a cocktail for me too!!
Nettie said...
I think the best thing you can say about them is that they give really, really detailed instructions.
LisaBinDaCity said...
Nothing like a bureaucratic quagmire - YUCK!!! Very nice though about your book being published, I'm so happy for you. Good for you Deb!!!
becca said...
deb... i'm a scanner reader so i dun have a good idea of what it's about, but try the top dog?
the Bleu Dog said...
Deb I as a member of Orange Pride I must say....I don't like all of this talk about drinking. Is that what you do when life gets you down? You drink???? What happened to "When life gives you lemons, make yucca?"
I'm just kidding of course....I'm a freakin drunk.
I'm sorry to hear about your book but very glad to see that you've made progress. If you need me to insert my condescending customer service voice for you I will!!!!
60 Lemons
5 lb bag of sugar
1 bottle of your favortie vodka
Cut lemons in half
Juice them into a large vat
Place lemon remains in vat with ice
Add Vodka and sugar
Stir till hell freezes over
You will think you are drinking Country Time till your third glass
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0.860543 | <urn:uuid:5d0f564c-abdc-4ebb-812b-4f22fbc02665> | en | 0.881354 | Dft - NPTG - Overview
NPTG (National Public Transport Gazetteer)
1. What is the NPTG For?
2. How are NPTG Localities identified?
3. How can NPTG localities be described?
4. What is the NPTG database?
5. What is the NPTG XML schema?
6. What is the NPTG Discovery XML schema?
7. What is the NPTG CSV format?
8. What is the NPTG UML Model?
9. How are NPTG elements edited?
10. How do I download NPTG elements?
What is NPTG for?
NPTG provides a unique identifier for every of town and settlement in the UK to which passengers might want to travel, together with meaningful text descriptions. This enables both computerised transport systems and the general public to find and reference the locality unambiguously. NPTG is used to organise NaPTAN stop points.
NPTG consists of the following elements:
1. A standard for identifying and naming localities.
2. A database of all the localities points in the UK.
3. An XML Schema for exchanging localities as XML documents content. All or part of the database may be exchanged in this format.
4. An exchange format for exchanging localities as csv files.
Underpinning NaPTAN & NPTG are UML Models.
NPTG Locality Identifiers
NPTG locality identifiers are a systematic way of identifying of all UK localities where there is access to public transport.
• Every UK village, town, settlement and metropolitan area is allocated a unique NPTG locality Identifier.
• Localities can be organised into a hierarchy of geographical containment
• Localities can be assigned a classification.
NPTG Stop Point Descriptors
NPTG localities have a text descriptor elements associated with them including a qualifier to distinguish them from any similarly named localities. These elements can be combined with NaPTAN Stop Point names in different ways to provide presentations of PT access point names useful for many different contexts, for example on maps, stop finders, timetables etc.
• NPTG localities may also have alternative names, for example for aliases fordifferent national languages.
The NPTG database
The NPTG database holds a current copy of all UK localities. It is maintained with an on-line tool.
The NPTG database is maintained centrally by Thales under contract to the Department of Transport by Thales.
The NPTGCSV Exchange Format
NPTG data can be exchanged in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) format. The structure of this format is described in full by the NaPTAN documentation.
The NPTGXML Schemas
NPTG data is described by two related XML schemas; these can be used to describe NPTG data when exchanging it between systems as XML documents.
• NPTG Schema: Describes topographical data
• NPTG Discovery Schema: Describes computers services associated with topographical areas, and configuration data for interfacing them, such as Adjacent Area Exchange Points.
The NPTG UML Models
NPTG & NaPTAN data conforms to a family of consistent, interlocking data models. The models are described in the NPTG & NaPTAN Schema Guide using UML notation.
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0.046584 | <urn:uuid:c13072e7-7399-4b54-a5c7-ccebf6fde541> | en | 0.934602 | Document Sample
scope of work template
What Is A Real Estate Purchase Option?
A real estate purchase option is a document that gives someone the right to purchase a piece of property at a fixed price during the term that the real
estate purchase option is in effect. During the option period, the owner can not sell the property to anyone else and must sell the property to the
purchaser of the option if the purchaser desires the property. The purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase the property. The
purchaser can let the option expire without purchasing the property. Your only lose, in this case, would be the price you paid for the real estate
purchase option.
There are three things you must determine at the time that the option is created for the property.
1.How much will you pay for the property if you decide to purchase it? It does not matter if the value of the property goes up or down during the
option term, you will be able to purchase the property for the price agreed upon in the option. If the value goes up, you win, but if the value goes down,
you should let the option expire and just purchase it for the going value at the time. Your maximum loss is the amount you paid the owner for the real
estate purchase option.
2.How long is the term of the option? The term is a fixed amount of time and depends on what you and the owner will agreed upon. Most option
contracts have a one or two year term but it can be any amount of time that you agree.
3.How much are you willing to pay for the option? You must purchase the option from the owner of the property. This money belongs to the owner no
matter if you decide to purchase the property or let the option expire.
To prevent the owner from selling the property while the option is in effect, you can record the real estate purchase option with the county courthouse.
However, you may want to consider the consequences of this action as some mortgage companies will call the loan due if they see a purchase option
for the property as they consider it a sale. You should use your judgment for this.
Once you own a real estate purchase option, you control the property. Also, the real estate purchase option is also an asset that may be sold, or
assigned to another person if you wish. Look for the next article to see what you can do with your property now that you have secured the purchase
About the Author
Greg Walding owns W & P Property Management and has a gained alot of knowledge in the area of securing property with very little money down.
check out some of the information he has gathered at
Shared By:
Tags: Property
Description: Property
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0.022533 | <urn:uuid:989ba4d5-a0ef-47f6-863f-7234b9f62f6e> | en | 0.936822 | Frequently Asked Questions about Estate Planning
What is a Durable Power of Attorney?
A power of attorney is a document you sign while competent that authorizes another person to act on your behalf. A Durable Power of Attorney allows that person, known as your agent, to act even if you later become incapacitated. A durable power can take effect when you sign it or after some triggering event, such as when two physicians confirm that you are not capable of handling your affairs.
Be sure to name someone you absolutely trust to follow your wishes and handle your finances honestly.
What can an agent do?
Your agent may be able to sign legal documents in your place, buy and sell real estate for you, pay your bills, and take other financial actions on your behalf, depending on what you specify in the document.
What about health care decisions?
State law allows you to create a durable Health Care Surrogate Designation that gives your agent the authority to make health care decisions for you if and when you are unable to make them.
How is a health care surrogate designation different from a living will?
A living will tells doctors your wishes regarding administering life-sustaining procedures or non-orally ingested nutrition and hydration if you have a terminal illness, an end-stage disease, or if you are in a persistent vegetative state. You may direct that such procedures be withheld or withdrawn, or you may direct that they be used to sustain your life. You also may appoint an agent to make most decisions related to your health care if you are unable to.
What if I become incapacitated without having executed powers of attorney or a health care surrogate designation?
If you are no longer able to manage your property or care for yourself, and you have not signed a power of attorney or named a health care agent, any interested individual (for example, a family member, agency, or health care provider) may petition the court to appoint a guardian to act on your behalf. The guardian will be responsible for managing your financial assets and also may be responsible for decisions related to your care. A single individual may serve as both guardian of the estate and person, or the court may appoint separate individuals.
How is a guardian appointed?
Any relative, state official, or other person may ask the court appoint a guardian. If you are the person who is alleged to be incapacitated, you must be informed of the petition for appointment of a guardian and of the scheduled time for hearing. The court will appoint a guardian ad litem to interview you and others, investigate, and make a recommendation to the court as to whether it is in your best interests to have a guardian. You also have the right to be represented by an attorney.
What is probate?
• Proving in court that a deceased person's will is valid (usually a routine matter)
• Identifying and inventorying the deceased person's property
• Having the property appraised
• Paying debts and taxes, and
Additionally, property that passes outside of your will -- say, through joint tenancy or a living trust -- is not subject to probate.
Who handles probate?
Usually, the personal representative named in the will is responsible. If there isn't a will, or the will fails to name a personal representative, the probate court names an administrator to handle the process. Most often, the job goes to the closest capable relative or the person who inherits the bulk of the deceased person's assets.
What is estate planning?
Estate planning helps ensure that your assets will pass to those people you designate in a manner that will give them the maximum benefits, helps reduce or eliminate the tax burden on your estate; and allows your assets to pass to your chosen beneficiaries without the inconvenience, cost and delay of probate.
What does an estate plan include?
How often should I review my estate plan?
An estate plan should not be considered permanent. Conditions, as well as your desires, may change. Barring an important life change that warrants immediate review, an estate plan should be reviewed at least every two or three years. Life changes that might warrant review include birth, death, marriage, divorce or disability of you or a beneficiary, a substantial change in your net worth or that of your beneficiary, purchase or sale of a business or moving your residence to a different state.
What are trusts?
A trust is a relationship in which a person called a trustor or a grantor or settlor transfers an asset to another person, called a trustee. The trustee then manages and controls this asset for the benefit of a third person, called a beneficiary.
Trusts offer a number of important benefits, including:
• Probate Avoidance
• Avoidance of conservatorship and guardianship
• Death tax avoidance or reduction
• Capital Gains Tax Savings
• Retention of privacy of family assets and finances
• Creditor protection for your beneficiaries;
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0.725382 | <urn:uuid:a0ca562e-7ffe-4c00-9bcb-ba6d4b04896e> | en | 0.954408 | Take AwaySynopsis
Marc Gracie's Australian comedy Take Away concerns a business rivalry between fast food entrepreneurs. Starting with a segment that shows the birth of fast food, the film quickly establishes the relationship between Tony (Vince Colosimo) and Trevor (Stephen Curry). The anal Tony runs a fish and chip stand more or less right next to the free-wheeling Trevor's more exotic stand that offers calamari burgers. The two have known each other forever, as their fathers owned a restaurant together. They had a falling out and the feud has been passed down to the sons. After they learn that a large fast food corporation, Burgies, is coming into the area, Tony and Trevor work together to stop them. John Howard portrays the head of the Burgies company. ~ Perry Seibert, Rovi
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0.022869 | <urn:uuid:a36e654d-8d2a-4ac9-87ef-c5ed8bc5dcc2> | en | 0.903579 | who have you gotten a pentakill with?
ZidaneTribaIPosted 1/18/2013 8:26:15 PM
Got my first one about a week and a half ago as Jayce. I wasn't fed, just really farmed and my team let me have the last kill on a Kog'maw that was trying to run away.
Pulsian_PioneerPosted 1/18/2013 8:27:25 PM
Poppy, Lux, and I think Riven.
In space, no one can hear you rage.
mutation10101Posted 1/18/2013 8:27:52 PM
Kat, Yi, Kayle, Vayne, Amumu, Heimer, Twitch, Lux, Miss Fortune, Teemo.
FvPPosted 1/18/2013 8:28:16 PM
Ferd_Da_BirdPosted 1/18/2013 8:31:20 PM
Kennen, Anivia (I'm going to count this one because bastard gp stole the last one just before my e hit him), uhhhhhhh and an unofficial one with rammus back in S1. That was a proud moment.
So basically 1 legit one with kennen.
Never give up.
Never surrender.
Chaos_Doom212Posted 1/18/2013 8:31:23 PM
Got both of my pentas with Xin.
the second one I ulted and got triple, KSed our Ashe for Quadra and flash-E'ed for the Nidalee trying to run. And yes I admit I ulted to try and KS.
If you see this signature, don't believe anything I said above.
ShotgunBulletPosted 1/18/2013 8:32:38 PM
Fizz, Karthus, Yi, Elise, and Darius
lvl99linkPosted 1/18/2013 8:34:36 PM
Two with Hecarim.
The first one was a 1v5, I chased down every enemy, and then 1v1'd a full build lee sin, I killed him, then his ignite was going to kill me but our roka healed me with her ult. (just went up).
The second one I ulted in and Q'd, then everyone on the enemy team simultaneously exploded. That one was cool because it just said penta kill instead of going through the different texts.
HitomoshiPosted 1/18/2013 8:36:29 PM
hmm no clue... that's a good idea
Sythstrife99Posted 1/18/2013 8:38:56 PM
Back before they nerfed Irelia (i know..when the heck was that?) I did it. | http://www.gamefaqs.com/boards/954437-league-of-legends/65219854?page=1 | dclm-gs1-150050002 | false | false | {
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0.06202 | <urn:uuid:91853b18-0360-4af0-86a1-5e4266d4f122> | en | 0.961516 | View Full Version : CNC Mill cutter speeds ?
03-09-2013, 08:36 PM
First to explain why I'm asking.
I wanted to cut out a basic rectangle with rounded corners and some holes from a piece of (about) 1/4" aluminum with an 1/8" end mill, and doing the boarder in three or four passes.
The holes went fine but doing the edges the end mill broke before it finished the first pass, ok slowed down the feed rate and it broke the second end mill during the second pass.
I have the mill spindle set to the highest speed, 2500 rpm by the chart.
So my question is, is that to low of a spindle speed for that small of an end mill?
I ask because I see some mills running at much higher RPMs and seem to cut fine with small end mills.
03-10-2013, 11:27 AM
Possibly your mill could have been chucked out to far and it caused a "micro wobble", or allow it to bend just a titch might have broke it,, not enough cutting oil, a constant bath works best IMO. I've found those small end mills get real hot real quick so I always did a test piece of the same material the end product was made out of to adjust the speed for optimal cutting with out any extra stress to the bit/ end mill. Keeping it cool and clean and chucked close is probably the most important things.
Those might be a couple causes I could think of off the top of my head. I doubt you scrimp on bits, ,,it will cost ya more in the long run by fucking stuff up if you do.
I damn sure miss not having access to all the good stuff we had at work now!! The stuff was old,, but all high end commercial quality stuff from the 40's and some older. But over all they worked pretty good. The lath was starting to get a bad main bearing behind the chuck and it would allow the chuck center to vary about .002-.003,, it was pretty hard to get to precise with that going on!!! But every thing else was OK nice press's, mills, every kinda bit and mill known to man, and a nice stock of all kinds of steel and stainless,, even some exotic stuff. The owners father had one of the main salvage yards in the state, and stuff from GE, IBM, and places like that would end up there. So had a pick of the cream of the crop of materials too,,,, boy do I miss that!!!!
03-11-2013, 07:12 AM
I was thinking the end mill was out to far with the first one, but the second one I put it so the flutes were as close to the collet as they could get by eye balling it.
I'll just have to mess with it more and figure out what's the smallest size end mill that works well and go from there.
03-11-2013, 05:15 PM
Is there a reference book out there that gives you basic starting speeds for cutters? I have a hard time getting speeds right myself. There are just so many varibles, tool size, material, number of flutes, rough cut or finish etc. I have a small amount of knowledge(just enough to break a lot of tooling) and could sure use such a reference book.
03-11-2013, 06:05 PM
Ya,, mg555,,, been there done that too, I haven't seen one either. But for me a mute point,,, no access to good tools anymore sense "forced retirement".
03-11-2013, 07:02 PM
The smaller ones need to be ran slower. When in doubt go slow. "Slow and steady". Also how deeply you cut can be a huge thing too. Like anything start big and get it close, then slow down with the more precision cutters. Aluminum is usually soft enough, but it can clog the bit and cause you to need to slow down. Clogged and it can "jump" and the torsion can break it. Slower, cooler, less clogging. With aluminum you can also use an irrigation system to good effect.
There's a machinist reference manual which you can buy at many places (forget the exact name of the book) and I think I even saw it at Harbor Freight.
03-11-2013, 07:38 PM
Yeah, I'd run it slower and not take much of a cut at all. I've never had much luck with 1/8" cutters, break real easy. Make sure you're cutting in the right direction too. I forget which way is which, but cutting in the wrong direction causes the end mill to dig in.
03-12-2013, 06:48 AM
I have a small amount of knowledge(just enough to break a lot of tooling) I know the feeling and after reading that part I was LOL'ing because I've been there plenty of times :D
HCP, I've heard the opposite, as you go larger you slow down and speed up for the smaller ones (Need a confused looking smiley scratching it's head right now)
But I'll give it a try next time.
I wasn't trying to go deep, so I don't think that was an issue, the piece was 1/4" and I had it set to do like 4 passes.
When it was a manual machine I could watch, listen and kind of feel the feed rate for whatever speed it was running at with whatever size mill/cutter/drill I was using.
Oh well I'll just mess with it a little more, if it seems like it isn't going to work for me (the cnc part) I'll just go back to a manual setup and watch or build something for cnc use later. Hmm maybe a plasma table or router setup. :D
Ken I had to look up the cutting directions because I forgot what they were called too, but "conventional" is the best way, and the other is call a "climb cut" (this is the one that can pull the cutter or material), I try to use a conventional as much as I can.
here's some pics
File:Conventional Milling 01.png - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Conventional_Milling_01.png)
File:Climb Milling 01.png - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Climb_Milling_01.png)
MG555 want something that can be confusing to read? :D
Milling: Cutting Speeds & RPM Calculations (http://its.foxvalleytech.com/machshop3/speedcalc/SpeedRPM.htm)
Just Google "mill cutting speeds" and a lot come up
And this is the type of thing I was thinking of, ok can't copy & paste it, go down the page a little and look for the red text like this
Cutting Speed and Feed Rate Calculations (http://www.southbaymachine.com/setups/cuttingspeeds.htm)
Viper Dude
03-13-2013, 12:05 AM
Hello Coils,
As a rule of thumb... use a depth of cut no more than 1/2 the diameter of your cutter. That would be a max depth of 1/16" on your tiny 1/8" diameter end mill.
Use plenty of cutting fluid such as "Tap-Matic - Aluminum", kerosene, diesel, lamp oil, or even lighter fluid to flood the work. This type of fluid helps keep the end mill from buttering up ie clogging.
Check the Feeds-Speeds-DOC math in the book Machinerys Handbook or similar text !!! These days there are charts and software to do the arithmetic for you. Roughly speaking use high RPM's and slow feed rate coupled with the proper depth of cut.
I'd also use a 3/16" 2-flute end mill and take 4 passes to cut through that 1/4" aluminum plate. Aluminum oxide skin really does wear cutters though the metal itself is rather soft stuff.
VD in AZ
03-13-2013, 08:29 AM
As a rule of thumb... use a depth of cut no more than 1/2 the diameter of your cutter. Don't think I heard that one before, thanks.
As mentioned I had it setup to do 4 passes, which by your advice would be right there at the "half the diameter" thing, if I try it again maybe I'll try 6 passes.
And didn't know that about the aluminum oxide skin, thanks again
03-14-2013, 10:12 AM
If you have the rigidity, climb milling rules in most circumstances. Machined tons of alumium if possible use concentrated compressed air instead of coolant. The best setup is with an Exair Cold Gun. As long as your cutting alloy aluminium vs pure/gummy, coolant isn't need if air is used. As mentioned above 2 or 3 flute endmills are better for chip evacuation. Under ideal conditions in high production have used high helix endmills in excess of double diameter depth of cuts. Ear plugs required.
03-17-2013, 07:37 AM
As long as your cutting alloy aluminium vs pure/gummy That got me thinking, I'll have to check the aluminium I used, it might be on the "pure" side of the scale, it did seem to cut different then other stuff I've used | http://www.gunco.net/forums/archive/index.php?t-71950.html | dclm-gs1-150110002 | false | false | {
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0.061481 | <urn:uuid:dd303dc2-946d-4da8-b54a-852dbe8dadbd> | en | 0.945926 | DALY: Houseplants brighten the indoors during winter
Many people have houseplants in their homes and businesses to enhance the aesthetics of these indoor environments. Their presence complements other interior decorations. Also, studies have shown houseplants reduce indoor air pollution. In a sense, they help us stay in touch with nature during the dead of winter. Since most house plants are tropical, they do not tolerate freezing temperatures and many suffer when temperatures drop below 50. Thus, they need to be brought indoors during cold weather. Keeping houseplants healthy and attractive during the winter can be challenging as a result of the lower temperatures, humidity and light levels which are common to interior environments.
Different species of plants have differing requirements. Some plants, especially succulent plants like aloes and cacti, require significantly less water than peace lilies and African violets. Ferns prefer lower light levels, but wax begonias need higher amounts of light. Knowing the necessary cultural requirements for the specific house plants in your home or office will help keep them attractive and healthy.
Houseplants generally require more water during the winter months due to indoor heating systems that reduce humidity and cause the plants to dry out. To determine if the plants should be watered, stick your finger into the soil to a depth of at least one inch. If it is dry, then apply water until it trickles out of the bottom of the pot. Group the plants together in the same area. Place the pots in shallow trays filled with gravel and water to help maintain the humidity. Avoid using water that is either too hot or too cold. The temperature of the water should be between 65 and 75.
Periodically inspect the leaves for dust accumulations which can dull their appearance and reduce their attractiveness. Use a damp cloth to wipe both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves. Occasional cleaning improves the plants appearance, growth, and helps control pests. In the following spring, examine the plants to see if they need to be re-potted. Remove the dead parts and the excessive growth, water thoroughly, and place them outside after all danger of frost has passed.
If houseplants are cared for appropriately, you can have houseplants that will beautify your home. Even on those cold dreary winter days, having indoor plants are a reminder that springtime is not far away.
Winter is a good time to decide on what to plant in your yard next year. The Gwinnett County Extension Plant Sale has some excellent plants that are available for sale this winter. Go to the Extension website at www.gwinnettextension.org to download the order form or call the Gwinnett County Extension office for a form to be mailed to you. The deadline for ordering is March 16. The order pick-up day will be March 29 from 10 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. at the Gwinnett County Fairgrounds.
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0.061045 | <urn:uuid:ef2fa159-3f78-49ff-aadd-5e5496cb8c5a> | en | 0.744007 | Voir l'arrière-plan - Angling in Ireland
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0.055658 | <urn:uuid:5f8e6dc0-f558-4691-b24d-58e938ac9f28> | en | 0.950696 | Greek leaders expel MPs who voted against austerity bill
Greece's coalition government expelled seven members of their respective parties for failing to vote for the latest, deeply unpopular, austerity reform package tonight.
Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras expelled one lawmaker from his New Democracy party, while Evangelos Venizelos expelled six from his Socialist party PASOK.
The expulsions reduce the fragile, three party coalition to 169 out of the assembly's 300 seats.
Greek unemployment hits 25.4%
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0.056518 | <urn:uuid:4ca7bf69-b4e4-4ba5-8448-ba7f76a6db44> | en | 0.96706 | Table of Contents Next Page >>
[Page 8]
Translated by Sarah Faerman
With holy trembling, we of Dubossar approached the task of compiling this yizkor book of our community which in its history has more than once been threatened by enemies of Israel whose goal was to obliterate us. Each time when waves of anti-semitic hatred swept down from South Russia and bloody pogroms decimated the Jewish communities , Dubossar was a like a thorn in the eye of the attackers as the Jewish residents fought with might and courage and consistantly repelled the bandits. Thus it was at the turn of the century when anti-semitism engulfed Tzarist Russia reaching its zenith in the Kishinev Pogrom of 1903. Again in 1918-20 Ukrainian bands of bandits brought destruction to countless Jewish towns. Thanks to the bravery and defiance of the Dubassarers, the hooligans were afraid to attack our community and those that did try were compelled to retreat in shame as is described in the pages of this book.
Only during the most terrible of all the catastrophes that befell our folk - world war 2- was our community unable to withstand the bloodbath that destroyed 'Israel's House' in Europe. The heroic Dubassarers were cut down together with the thousands from all of the other Jewish settlements in Nazified Europe.
Years flew by. We were not at peace. There was the need to memorialize our dear ones who in their innocence were slaughtered, whose spilled blood cried out from every stone, from every field. There was also the need to preserve the 400 year history of Jewish Dubossar. Our task was formidable. In other countries there was the possibility of gathering documents and eye witness reports of what had occurred during the great catastrophe. Survivors who came to Israel could also bear witness to what they had lived through. However, Dubossar, within the confines of the Soviet Union was hermetically sealed in and not until the year 1962 did we hear one word about our town. Most of the Dubossarers that were now in Israel or in other countries in the world, had left Russia forty years earlier, in the 1920's. The task of reconstructing the history of the town was thus also hampered by the natural process of forgetfulness which increases with time. Luckily, 3 years ago (1962), a Dubossarer managed to escape the “iron curtain” and emigrated to Israel. This man, a high officer in the Soviet army, personally heard many first-hand accounts from Dubossar survivors and fighters at the front against the nazis. Thanks to this man, we know many details about our martyrs and fighters who died heroic deaths on the various fronts - details which appear in this book.
As none of us who compiled this book are actually writers, we did our best to gather memories, threads, chapters in an attempt to create a faithful reflection of the life of our town throughout the generations.
We would like to take this opportunity to mention everyone who helped us with this endeavour. First and foremost, we remember our dearly departed Moshe Feldman,a'h, who was the strength and inspiration behind the Dubossar Landsman organization in America along with Harry Scheer, reb Itzik Klezmer's son - a philanthropist and gentelman, refined and cultured and our dear friend Louis Levine. As well , our dear friend from Canada, Moishe Faerman, a'h - a dedicated and faithful comrade; our beloved friend Leml Rubin - reb Shmuel Dayan's son in Argentina who together with our landsleit (fellow townsmen)in Israel spared no amount of money or work to establish the following memorials: a forest in Israel in memory of the martyrs of Dubassar and surrounding areas, a plaque placed in Jerusalem to remember our martyrs of the Shoah and now this book to commemorate Dubossar and our dear ones.
Had we writers amongst us, the book would probably be fuller and richer. Yet, we believe that we have achieved our goal - for us and for the future generations - to preserve the name of our community; to pay tribute to our landsmen and to fulfill the command: “Remember what Amalek did to you.” May this book be a small solace in our endless sorrow, a sign that the past will not be forgotten. May it serve as a bridge between the precious Jewish life that was so tragically cut off and the future whose rays of sunlight we see rising before our eyes.
This book has been written in both Yiddish and Hebrew so that every Dubossarer, be it in Israel or in other lands, will be able to read and remember our dear community which is no longer. May it also serve as an inspiration for our children and children's children who know of Dubossar only from family tales.
M.Bick, M.Bassin,D.L.Granovsky, Y. Kantor, A. Timor
The Editorial Committee
[Page 16]
An Overview of Dubossar
by Arkady Timor
Translated by Sarah Faerman
The sun in the south blazes. The aroma of wheat wafts over the fields and the vineyards ripen with deep crimson clusters of grapes. From the upper gardens there is the sharp scent of apples, white acacias and ancient wells. From a distance, the faint melody of the “Doina”.
On the roads, wagon wheels scrape as longhorned oxen plod heavily on the dusty paths. At the side of the wagon strides a Moldavian. On his head is a pointy hat made of sheep's wool - certainly sewn by a Jewish capmaker.
Moldavia - not a large country - 350 kilometer from north to south and 220 kilometer west to east. In the middle, a small unimposing hill. On the horizon , beyond a shadowy grove of trees stretch the Kodari hills. Kodari in Moldavian means 'dense forest”. In olden days, three- four hundred years ago, this land was covered with dense woods but now the woods have been transformed into gardens and vineyards.
To the north, the Belz steppe spreads out at the foot of the high Kodari hills. To the south is the Budjits steppe , surrounded by water with fields of wheat, maize and watermelons. Lengthwise across the way are scattered several wells. The villages are not very green and they nestle near the rivers and wells of the steppe where the treasured water is hidden. The hot dry air is laden with the gentle scent of melons. In the areas where the steppe can not be ploughed, or where the earth lies fallow for a period of time, flocks of sheep wander hidden from the angry dogs and the quiet, pensive shepherds.
Quite a different scene greets one from the south east side by the Dniester waterfall where the river banks widened and created a lake. There the gardens yield legendary fruits and greens.
This small land had a colourful and rich history . In the very olden days, in the wooded Carpathian mountains, dwelt Turkish and Slavic tribes. Moldavia evolved of these two tribes. Moldavia was first founded in 1359 although Jews inhabited the area since the end of the 11th century. Historically, Moldavia was continuously under attack. From the north, Polish gentry would invade. From the west , the Hungarian king invaded. From the south-east, from the steppes by the Black Sea ,expeditions of Mongolian Tatars would descend - and from the south - the Turks. One of Moldavia's national heroes - Stephen the Great battled many years attempting to safeguard his land. After his death, in 1513, Moldavia was vanquished by the Turkish empire.
Stephen the Great was was a statesman with great foresight and he had dealt in a positive manner with the Jewish community. In this atmosphere, Jews contributed greatly to the economy. They established various industries related to wood, leather, flour, milk and wine, among others.
In the 19thcentury, under the reign of Peter 1, Russia and Turkey had a severe and protracted battle on Moldavian land. On May 16,1812, after 6 bloody years, a peace treaty was signed in Bucharest and Moldavia was annexed to Russia. This treaty was signed by Marshal Kotozov. January 1918, Romania grabbed a big section of Moldavia between the Dniester and Prut rivers and annexed the land.
From what remained, the autonomous republic of Moldavia was created as part of Ukraine by the left bank of the Dniester in 1924. Balta was the first capital city of the Moldavian republic and in 1928 the name was changed to Tyrospol. At the end of 1940, the Soviet Union demanded that Romania return the annexed land taken in 1918. This was returned at the end of the year and the area became the Soviet Moldavian republic with Kishinev as the capital city.
A few decades before Moldavia was freed from the Turks, Russia sent her south-eastern divisions to the Dniester. On the left bank, there was a narrow strip of land 8-20 kilometers wide. In those days there were many narrow rivers that flowed into the Dniester and tucked in around them were a number of villages that lived in fear of the Tatars who frequently attacked them. Near the Dniester,at the mouth of the river Garneh, was the village of Rivnitzeh. There, a bridge built in the olden times spanned the Dniester. The inhabitants of that area were hunters and fishers.
At the end of the 19th century, a train station was built at Rivnitzeh. The plan was to have the train go southward in order to link Dubossar, Grigoriopol and Tyrospol with Odessa. However, to this day (1965) the plan has not yet been realized.South of Rivnitzeh the Dniester curves around the village of Rogi, for a few kilometers and returns back to the north making another sharp turn southward. There woods filled with willow trees appear by the Dniester and alongside are the towns of Malobataya, Galergan and Kuchiery where Jews had lived for many years occupied with agriculture and the land.
Using the Dniester as a border, the Russians built fortresses at every intersection where ships sailed deep into Russia. Such fortresses were built in Grigoriopol and in the town of Farkan that was inhabited by Bulgarian refugees from the Turks in Tyrospol .This fortress was built to protect the district from the Turkish fortress at Bindera on the opposite bank of the river.
In ancient times, the Greeks named the Dniester “Tyros”and hence the town on its banks became Tyrospol. In time, soldiers who had finished their term of duty under the famous Russian General Savorov settled there. Tyrospol was of such vital military importance, it was considered the most important town in the entire south-easter region. Odessa for a time also belonged to the Tyrospol province.
Dubossar was one of the fortress towns on the Dniester. Dubossar - the town where we were born, the town where our childhood and youthful years flew by - was founded at the end of the 17th century.
Distance of Dubossar from the other towns:
North - 60 km. from Rivnitzeh
North-East 80 km. from Balta
80 km. from Ananiev
60 km. from Katovsk ( Birzola)
35 km. from Tchorny
35 km. from Krasni Okne
40 km. from Kishinev
South-West 18 km. from Grigoriopol
South-East 60 km. form Tyrospol
150 km. from Odessa
On the bank of the Dniester, where the willows grew higher than the water, the earth was elevated and a fortress built occupied by a military division . Some towns were closed off from the fortress. Five miles to the south, near the bridge, a (?Karantin?) was erected and that is how the town of Karantin got its name. The fortress didn't last long - only until 1820. Once it ceased to be a border, it had no further strategic importance.
Not far from the centre of the old fortress there was a four sided square. In that square was Pipelshtein's drugstore. The central axis of the town is east of the square in the direction of the “small fountain”. Jews lived in Dubossar since its founding. In a Moldavian folk song, there is the story of the Jewish blacksmith, Moishe Gazal who shod the soldiers' horses.
The purpose of this article is to portray the history and fate of Dubossar until 1922-24 - our days. (See further on “Under the Soviets and During the Holocaust”). Before I go further, I must pause to describe two characteristics of the Dubossar Jews which over the years shaped the character of our community and which influenced her fate both during good, peaceful periods as well as in days of terrible misfortune.
The first characteristic - which existed for generations from the very beginning until the mass exterminations - was the productivity and work orientation of Dubossar Jews. The expression “luft mentsch” was almost unknown in Dubossar . There was also nobody enslaved to strangers. The fate of each was in his own hands. The Dubossar Jews were bound to mother earth, to the orchards and vineyards . All were involved in truly physical work: the water carriers, the craftsmen,the stone masons; the goldsmiths , the millers, the farmers, the fishermen - all.
The second characteristic was the deep nationalistic ( Jewish) bonding amongst the Dubossar Jews. Living among many ethnic groups - Russians, Moldavians, Ukrainians, Germans and Gypsies, the Jews maintained their pride in their own culture. They were also lucky to have upstanding and brave community leaders.
In all of Southern Russia during the worst periods of the revolution and bloody pogroms, the Jews stood fast and repulsed all enemy attacks. Their bravery was not only for themselves but also in aid of neighbouring Jewish settlements that were threatened and in danger. It is no co-incidence that the pogrom in Kishinev did not start in Dubossar where the Jews were too strong and organized. Nor did the plot to incite hatred against the Jews succeed when a dead Christian child was 'planted' on Jewish land. The various attempts to wipe out the Dubossar Jewish community failed.
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Dubasari, Moldova Yizkor Book Project JewishGen Home Page
Yizkor Book Project Manager, Lance Ackerfeld
This web page created by Max Heffler
Copyright © 1999-2013 by JewishGen, Inc.
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DrHelmholtzCoil writes:
The story is off the front page nationwide. Why don't we do the same with it here in Knoxville?
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0.018224 | <urn:uuid:9d2c5c51-525a-431f-b307-4c21b40180e3> | en | 0.958606 | Ag bill favors small dairy farmers
Steve Chiotakis: A $23 billion agriculture bill could soon be on its way to President Obama's desk. Negotiators from the House and Senate have agreed to reconcile different versions of the bill -- including a bailout for dairy farmers. Reporter Joel Rose has more.
Joel Rose: The $350 million in emergency funding is supposed to help dairy farmers who are getting squeezed by high costs and low prices.
Doug DiMento: Right now, milk prices are far below the cost of producing the milk. So the more milk a farmer is producing each month, the more money he's losing.
Doug DiMento is a spokesman for Agri-Mark, a co-op that includes farmers from New England and New York. There had been some tension between big dairy farms in the west and smaller producers in the east and mid-west.
The compromise announced yesterday includes $290 million in direct aid, which favors small farmers. The bill also allocates $60 million to buy up surplus cheese, which should help all farmers by raising milk prices.
DiMento says the money is a welcome relief, but it won't solve the industry's problems.
DiMento: These are just short-term fixes, just short-term band-aids. It's gonna take a long-term look at dairy policy -- and really, the whole food policy here in the U.S.
DiMenton says the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which sets milk prices, needs to find a way of avoiding the boom and bust cycle of recent years.
I'm Joel Rose for Marketplace.
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The proposed agriculture bill is for $121 billion. Most Americans do not understand that the vast majority of the Ag budget dollars subsidizes the food stamp program (almost half the budget),then there is WIC, school lunch programs, the entire meal program for all active military branches, also federal programs including FDA, housing assistance,research, conservation, and federal inspection programs. Miscellaneous programs include international food and education assistance and disease research, domestic information systems,infrastructure, and workforce development funding. This year's bill includes funding for breast feeding peer counseling support(how does that make sense in an agriculture bill?). The $360 million proposed to help dairy farmers is a pathetic jesture. Congress is too politicized to address the heart of the farm problem, where prices paid to farmers has been virtually unchanged for decades while all other wages and prices keep rising. The 'Agricultural Spending Bill' is a gargantuan misnomer.
$350 million for the dairy companies, $900 million for the cattle companies, how much are we going to pay the carrot farming companies and the brussel sprout farmers? This is my tax money and I do not want to going to any more companies.
As much as this is an interesting tidbit, I am much more interested in how the remaining almost $23billion is set to be spent. The amount of corporate welfare involved is staggering (I believe, with no evidence) as well as how it ripples through the rest of our economy. For example: would we have Splenda without such a crazy scheme of tariffs and quotas on our sugar production? Would we have had it, just a lot earlier? I am far from a True Believer free marketeer, but there are limits to "proper" and the Ag bill tends to be loaded with them.
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A Little About our Beer.
Starting with the first of our Brewery Restaurants - the Yaletown Brewing Company - we have put an enormous amount of energy into maintaining and growing the tradition of fine microbrewed beers. We take pride in serving some of the finest handcrafted beers anywhere, and you don't need to be a beer snob to appreciate the difference that freshness and the best ingredients make.
Microbreweries vs. Brewpubs
Let's start by clarifying the confusion which often exists between the terms microbrewery and brewpub. A microbrewery is a small brewery with an annual brewing capacity of less than 17,600 Hectolitres (100 litres). It has the ability to sell its products in bottles at beer and wine stores, and through provincial liquor distribution outlets. (Beer production is generally measured in Hectolitres.)
A brewpub, however, must operate in concert with a "pub" and must sell 100% of its production on site. The bottom line is that the fresh, hand-crafted beers that you enjoy at Mark James Brewery Restaurants cannot be obtained anywhere else.
Lagers and Ales
There are typically two families of beer: ales and lagers, and the difference between the two is all in the yeast. Beer type is determined by the type of yeast used, ale or lager yeast and has nothing do with colour, alcohol content or hops. There are thousands of variants of ales and lagers which all depend upon the type of hops and malt and aging used in the recipe.
Beer is a fermented drink, and yeast is used in the fermentation process. Ale yeast is a "top fermenting" yeast, meaning that most of the yeast tends to group near the top part of the beer. Lager yeast is bottom fermenting. The different yeasts necessitate fermenting at different temperatures and for different lengths of time.
At the Mark James Group, all our beers are made with nothing but the four basic ingredients of beer making: water, hops, malted barley and yeast. Our beer is never pasteurized, nor do we use modifiers.
Brewery Tours
Several of our Brewpubs offer free brewery tours that allow you to get a more detailed look at our brewing process, During the tours, our Brewmasters, will guide you around the brewery and explain the various processes - and you might even get to sample the product! For more information on Brewery Tours or to arrange a tour at your local MJG Brewery Restaurant, email beerguy. | http://www.markjamesgroup.com/askthebrewmaster.html | dclm-gs1-150410002 | false | false | {
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0.019893 | <urn:uuid:6710e380-53a3-443f-aeee-3e03fcaf8be9> | en | 0.947758 | League of Evil 2 iPad Review
That was the premise behind the original game, and developer Ravenous Games felt no need to deviate from this course with the aptly titled League of Evil 2, which delivers over 100 levels of platform hopping madness.
Similar to the original, League of Evil 2 is the closest you'll get (for now) to playing Super Meat Boy on the iPhone or iPad. Each stage tasks you with traveling from point A to point B as fast as possible while avoiding all sorts of hazards, including enemies (guards, bazooka men, ninja style leapers), cannons, spikes and other instruments of death.
Reach the end, and you get to deck one of those bothersome scientists, causing his body to explode in a satisfying burst of gibs. Meanwhile, the developers put one briefcase in each stage as a sort of bonus objective. Snagging them, as expected, takes serious skill.
So what's new? Well, the levels, for starters, along with improved graphics, iPad support right out of the gate, iCloud support to go along with it and boss fights, which we don't think too highly of. They're OK, just a departure from the League of Evil formula.
For the most part, though, League of Evil 2 offers more of the same, which is definitely a good thing, since the first title is so much fun. For just $0.99 (the sale price, so be sure to act quickly), it makes for a great virtual companion, whether you intend to play for a few minutes or several hours. Besides, those scientists won't kill themselves.
Download League of Evil 2
What's Hot: Over 100 levels of platforming bliss, splattering scientists, locating briefcases, universal support.
What's Not: Boss fights, difficulty may drive you nuts. | http://www.modojo.com/reviews/league_of_evil_2 | dclm-gs1-150560002 | false | false | {
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0.25053 | <urn:uuid:973823a3-4e2b-4480-b756-56c704456ab8> | en | 0.848225 | lakers unofficial
1029.2 #106 (DL Qual #61
Mar 15, 2013 10:14 AM Disneyland Resort News Land
Tagged in: Limited Time Magic NEWS
And not to sway the vote, but OMG Scrooge McDuck and Ludwig VonDrake!!! - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 10:16AM
^This!! - applecore 285.3 #825 10:59AM
My vote goes to Merlin. That would just be awesome. While there he could wander on over to the sword in the stone and get to work. :) - aidensmama 340.1 #554 10:16AM
Oh, that would be cool! Looking at the list, I'd seriously be thrilled to see ANY of these. - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 10:19AM
I have a pic of my oldest daughter before she was two with him! - MeridaFan 2441.6 #34 10:29AM
I was like 6 when I last saw him work that sword in the stone. - elninoelmo 28.3 #4929 9:01AM
Aiden would love to participate in that show if the somehow bring it back for limited time magic. :) - aidensmama 340.1 #554 9:08AM
I love this. I just wish Shang was part of the Ping, Mushu vote. - iamdugsmaster 877.9 #135 10:19AM
I hope this makes sense but do you know how many groups they are going to pick from the list that win? - iamdugsmaster 877.9 #135 10:49AM
I hope at least 3 - HanLostLeia 1094.5 #97 12:07PM
yes! - OhanaPhoto 2473.7 #33 10:24AM
Also, OMG Esmeralda and Clopin!!! OK, I'm done. Go vote! - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 10:18AM
Yes!!!! My choice! - Gia 801.8 #155 1:12PM
With the success of Sofia the First, they should bring out Flora, Fauna and Merryweather. - MennisDiller 508.0 #291 10:20AM
I would like to see Darkwing Duck, Launchpad, Dopey, Robin Hood Unit, Hewy, Dewy, and Lewy, Clopin, 3 pigs, Duffy in a Banana Costume, DD11 - Dave 10140.5 #2 12:26PM
I totally would have voted for Hewey, Dewey, and Lewey! - NotNKansasAnymor 204.9 #1718 12:41PM
Darkwing duck would be awesome - spaceranger916 338.4 #561 12:49PM
Agreed, I want to see Dopey by himself! Duffy in a banana costume and DD11 ahahahaha - Jacqueline 579.8 #244 1:39PM
I remember when I was 3 meeting the 3 little pigs, and my grandpa raised them. He used to tell me that if I put my finger in the pig pen they would bite, so I screamed bloody murder when the 3 little pigs tried to hug me. LOL Good times. - karidaluv 64.1 #3753 7:07AM
Robin Hood, Friar Tuck, Prince John and Sherriff of Nottingham 👈 Obviously. - Jillian 766.7 #166 9:59AM
But the question is will you come down? - HanLostLeia 1094.5 #97 10:58AM
Yessss - MEHlanie_Mouse 1060.3 #101 11:17AM
I love that we get to vote. Good form, Disney! - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 10:22AM
i can't choose between the pocahontas group or flora, fauna, and merryweather. ahhhhhh - nicoleface 1694.9 #57 10:30AM
How cool!! Would love to see some rare people. - mousejedi 280.6 #857 10:35AM
Some of em don't seem so rare - DisneyMe2Death 761.7 #167 10:39AM
There are definitely some that have been seen before, but I think the novelty comes with the grouping for those. Like, I see Chip and Dale all the time, but NEVER Chip, Dale, and Clarice! And a group photo with Peter Pan, Wendy, Captain Hook and Mr. Smee would be pretty epic. - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 10:46AM
I hear ya! My mini pan would flip - DisneyMe2Death 761.7 #167 10:58AM
Where's the all of the above option? I'm still sad they didn't think to do Disney Afternoon :( - CM_Shadowgamer 2096.3 #41 11:24AM
I actually think they should do this once a month! - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 11:56AM
I agree with you. - HanLostLeia 1094.5 #97 12:08PM
Why NO Gummi Bears!! - HanLostLeia 1094.5 #97 12:09PM
Those costumes are so funny looking - Dave 10140.5 #2 12:20PM
I'm sure they would make new one's. But I agree with you why no DarkWing?? - HanLostLeia 1094.5 #97 12:46PM
I went with Scrooge and Ludwig, but man it was a hard decision between them and Flora, Fauna, and Merriweather. - NotNKansasAnymor 204.9 #1718 12:22PM
That's awesome! - HarvesterProducts 182.9 #1978 12:47PM
Robin Hood!! - GreenLantern 746.4 #174 12:51PM
This post has been moved to Disneyland Resort News - MouseWaitOfficialAccount 1:17PM
When is long lost friends week? I wanna make sure I am there!!! - BambiLuvsThumper 237.1 #1293 2:05PM
Some on the list, such as Alice & Mad Hatter are not rare. See them all the time & should come off list. - Winnie111286 328.5 #605 9:50AM
Right? There's actually quite a few that aren't really rare on that list. 😕 - Jillian 766.7 #166 10:01AM
I would love a pic with maryweather fauna and flora! Big sleeping beauty fan! - PrincessDaisy 204.8 #1719 10:20AM
Where's the lion king characters?? So underepresented. :( - lohofosho 689.2 #193 11:43AM
Bumpity. Last day to vote!!! - JustCantWait 1029.2 #106 12:57AM
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0.274364 | <urn:uuid:eb566a60-8d1e-46a8-8a58-28e8748de9f0> | en | 0.986736 | The sultry, exciting music called reggaetón is the pride of Puerto Rico. But don't get it twisted: The island's national pastime hasn't become making club-ready beats and rhymes so melodic and rhythmic that they transcend all language barriers. Puerto Rico's number-one love is still baseball.
That bullet is still lodged in Yank's hip today, but he's far from bitter about being shot. If it hadn't happened, he wouldn't have taken music seriously — and gone on to become the biggest-selling reggaetón artist today.
"I thank God for that bullet," he says. "At that time, I didn't understand it. But right now, I give thanks to that bullet. That bullet made me be focused in music, because I didn't have any [other] options — it was music or music, you know? I was so determined not to fail, and that attitude got me to this point."
By dropping jams like "Rompe" and "Gasolina," over the past two years Yankee has helped to drive both himself and reggaetón to the top of the mainstream, while simultenously keeping his street credibility by appearing on N.O.R.E.'s "Oy Mi Canto" remix. "I never thought 'Gasolina' would accomplish that goal," he says about crossing over from local hero to worldwide icon. "Because you make music just to make music. You put your soul in the music and that's it. When I saw 'Gasolina' tilting to that point, I was really surprised. That song specifically just hit the barriers and languages in the entire world and put reggaeton on the map."
But of course, defining just what reggaetón represents in Puerto Rico defies explanation. "It's impossible to define in just one word because reggaetón is so many things in one," he says. "It's the voice of the people, it's the way we dance. We got rebel lyrics: You feel happy, you feel sad sometimes, you feel like you want to rebel and you put it out in the lyrics. There's so many things that I can [say to] describe reggaetón. It's life."
It's been a long road for Daddy, from the barrio to local hero to his island's symbol of pride. Indeed, he never thought he'd get this far.
"I remember, it was 1995," he recalls about releasing his first mixtapes. "I remember we put out those mixtapes, and because of the language, we were banned. The politicians and everyone in the [upper] class, they were looking at us over their shoulders like, 'They don't know what they're saying. They're promoting violence, they're criminals.' Because they didn't know this — they didn't know the life we were living. So the minority became a majority, and we were accepted by the people. Once you're accepted by the people, it's a wrap, man.
"And right now, the politicians are using the reggaetón music in their campaigns. How funny is that?"
To chill on the baseball field and in the barrio with Daddy Yankee, check out MTV News Raw: Daddy Yankee. | http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1529183/why-getting-shot-saved-daddy-yankees-life.jhtml | dclm-gs1-150600002 | false | false | {
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0.290412 | <urn:uuid:f6094682-7461-4840-8321-e68d4b0ce011> | en | 0.964188 | Reply to a comment
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naplesconservative writes:
in response to Captian_Cataracts:
Todays' scheduled parade of Gov. Scotts refusal to implement additional Medicaid coverage for Florida residents has been canceled.
One supporter is sick and the other will not march alone.
Has anyone noticed it's the 1%'ers doing all the complaining about the extended Medicaid coverage?
I haven't heard a single person that doesn't have health nsurance coverage complain about this at all. How come?
Time for a recall election for Gov of Florida. He does not represent the constituents, he represents the 1%'ers.
Are you serious? You don't understand why a person that does not have insurance, either can't or won't buy it is being told that the Federal Government is going to give them something and get someone else to pay for it is not complaining about getting something for free?
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0.109053 | <urn:uuid:1a9e7f18-8031-43df-8f8b-c2ce00e16b8e> | en | 0.95214 | User Profile
United States
My first Nintedo game: Coleco Vison Donkey Kong, 1982. I've owned every Nintendo system avail in the USA since then. I even had a R.O.B.. Zelda changed my life.
Wed 8th May, 2013
Recent Comments
theadrock13 commented on Soapbox: Zelda's Magic Creates A Link Between ...:
@Spoony_Tech , <-- what he just said.
That unrandomsam person sounds very clueless to me. My kid is 5 and the #1 thing on his Santa list is Link Between Worlds follow by Wind Waker HD at #2. My kid has the Zelda symphonic CD on his iPod which he listens to constantly, day and night. He hums Zelda melodies at breakfast and makes us guess which game and which area the tune is from. All of this is positive for a kid. He's 5 btw.
theadrock13 commented on Reggie Talks Up Wii U Blockbusters As Top 10 S...:
On smartphones: I get it that traditional Nintendo games arent setup for that platform. But they really ought to try an experiment with their IPs. I'm not saying to port over a Mario game... that would suck. Make up a new game like Clash of Clans with basic touch control using N's library of characters. They might find that its worth it for them to give it a shot. Free to play is such a cash cow right now.
theadrock13 commented on Nintendo Releases Handy Wii U Comparison Chart:
@Caryslan Most of what you said above is true. But there remains a segment of gamers who want the family gaming system, yet the Dad wants to goof around with a FPS once in a while. N should/could have been able to achieve that crossover, but they failed. And as for N being relegated to the family audience only: from 1985-1994 Nintendo owned all of the market, right up until they created the Playstation and gave it away to Sony (dumbest move Nintendo ever made). Point being that there is no inherent reason that N can't reclaim home console dominance if executed properly.
theadrock13 commented on Reggie Fils-Aime To Tour North American Cities...:
And not a single Wii U will be sold as a result.
How about taking his salary and spend it instead on new game development or porting a popular GC or Wii title into HD... you know, do something that will actually sell consoles?
theadrock13 commented on Eiji Aonuma Explains Why The Legend of Zelda I...:
I don't want N to compromise on Zelda quality, but they also don't need to take 5 years between titles. And now we're supposed to wait another 2+ years for the next Zelda (making it 4+ years since SS), and they justify that in the name of "quality". FAIL.
theadrock13 commented on "Uninformed" Store Staff Are Hurting Wii U Sal...:
This is exceedingly obvious. Everybody already knows this. (Except perhaps Fils-Aims.)
If you want to remove all confusion about the new console relative to the prior one, DON'T GIVE IT THE SAME NAME. Even Sony numbered them because a 3 is clearly not a 2. But what is a U? University?
theadrock13 commented on Eiji Aonuma Explains Why He Thinks Fans Came T...:
Yes, so release it please. It doesn't need to become "a new thing". Just upgrade the visuals and I'll buy it all over again.
theadrock13 commented on Zelda: Wind Waker HD Release Triggers 685% Inc...:
@Squashy , Its been 2 years since Skyward, and they are talking about it taking ANOTHER 2 years before Zelda U arrives. You think 4 years is just about right, when you've got a new console without any new games that you're trying to push? Two years should be plenty.
@wombatkidd, Who said a weekend? I said that 4 years is too long when your new console is desperate for new hot product.
What would be getting more attention for the U this Christmas: a remake of a Gamecube Zelda or a some brand new title designed specifically for their new console? As I say, 2 years should be plenty.
theadrock13 commented on Eiji Aonuma Wants the Wii U Zelda's Hyrule to ...:
@Boxmonkey, unfortunately you're probably right about Zelda U being a couple more years away. Which is inexcusable to have a new console with no new Zelda for 3 years from lauch?! N has the resources to dedicate the manpower to getting it done in the next 12 months. I'm not suggesting they "rush" it like they did the U console, just invest in delivering a grade-A new Zelda game for this U console within the first two years of its launch.
theadrock13 commented on Rumour: Cherry And Mango Wii U Colours Outed B...:
theadrock13 commented on News Site Claims That Zelda "Takes A Dim View ...:
theadrock13 commented on Video: A Punboxing of The Wind Waker HD Collec...:
Can't buy this. Its been out of stock on Gamestop's site since it was announced. It doesn't appear to ever be coming in stock. When I called around to all the local Gamestop retailers they tell me that its been discontinued already. So stupid. They could probably sell a boat load of these if they half-tried.
theadrock13 commented on Monster Hunter 4 Dominates in Japan as The Win...:
theadrock13 commented on Feature: Five Reasons Why The 2DS Will Be The ...:
Its a fine idea. But as usual I doubt N will spend the marketing dollars necessary to get kids to realize that they want it.
My biggest complaint about the 3DSXL is that the screen brightness sucks. Sit in the shade or even in your car on a sunny day and you simply can't see the screen (and yes I do have it cranked all the way bright as it goes).
theadrock13 commented on Talking Point: The Steam Gaming Machines Are A...:
@Ernest_The_Crab "the swappable component would just make people question why get it in the first place when you have a PC that is already highly swappable."
1. Because a PC doesn't play Nintendo IP.
2. Because when developers come out with a new game engine that the Nintendo console can't handle a year after its release, N can simply release a new CPU or GPU cartridge that can handle it. Cheaper for the consumer than buying a new console. Prolongs the life of the Nintendo system.
If today N released an off-the-shelf CPU upgrade for the U (easy slide-in cartridge for dummies) that compared to the upcoming MS/PS consoles in terms of flops and can handle the new Ignite engine... now they're back in the game. ?? | http://www.nintendolife.com/users/theadrock13 | dclm-gs1-150740002 | false | false | {
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0.987711 | <urn:uuid:a7100ad8-d389-456c-aeef-719a6d57191d> | en | 0.753948 |
Schema, Schema, Schema
I am currently using OpenLDAP ver 1.2.6. I am about to implement a
schema for users, software, and hardware.
Are there any "excellent" examples or starting points available on the
How do I ensure my LDAP v2 schema is upgradable to LDAP v3 schema when I
upgrade to OpenLDAP 2.x?
Is there a standards body that offers pre-defined objectclasses?
Any other suggestions? | http://www.openldap.org/lists/openldap-software/199908/msg00107.html | dclm-gs1-150830002 | false | false | {
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0.01873 | <urn:uuid:1715aadc-576d-4b54-8af8-69a942420c3f> | en | 0.959042 | Elder Law
View more columns
Time to review your assets and estate plan documents
President Obama signed legislation to avoid the fiscal cliff that includes a permanent federal estate tax exclusion of $5 million and a top estate tax rate of 40 percent.
You may ask: Is anything related to the government ever permanent?
Well, permanent doesn't mean never to be changed by future legislation. Permanent means this legislation does not sunset as prior tax bills have after 10 years or two years. So Congress will not address the federal estate tax exclusion again as a result of a tax law expiring.
Should you take any action now that the $5 million exclusion in permanent? The answer is yes. Each and every one of us should be reviewing our estate planning documents on an annual basis for a couple of reasons: First, to prepare an inventory of assets so that you know what you own, how you own it, who your beneficiaries are and what the asset is worth.
Second, to update changes in circumstance, such as a name change, divorce, death, a beneficiary who may have been a minor when your will was prepared may now be an adult, children or grandchildren born or adopted after your will was prepared, etc.
Lastly, to review whether your current last will and testament suits your current situation.
For example, Dick and Jane Smith had last wills and testament prepared in 2000 at a time when their assets totaled $1.6 million. At that time, the federal estate tax exemption was $675,000. Each of them has a last will and testament that creates a spousal bypass trust upon the death of the first spouse to maximize the federal estate tax exemption, essentially doubling the amount of money that passes to the surviving spouse free of federal estate tax.
To facilitate the estate plan, the couple separated their assets so that real estate is owned as tenants in common rather than jointly as husband and wife; stock accounts are held individually, as are certain bank accounts.
Let's assume Dick dies first. Jane now has to probate Dick's last will and testament to transfer his property to her under the terms of the spousal bypass trust. Jane could avoid this if the couple had redone their wills and retitled the individually owned assets to jointly owned assets owned as husband and wife that would pass to the surviving spouse by operation of law.
Now that the federal exclusion is $5 million per person, it bears looking at your assets and estate plan documents in the event that an update is in order. You may be able to simplify your estate plan.
Lori Cerato is a Stroudsburg attorney concentrating her practice in the area of elder law. If you would like to see a particular question covered in this column, email poconorecord.sage@gmail.com. Lori Cerato cannot guarantee a reply to every individual's query.
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0.052383 | <urn:uuid:5f88304f-7200-4096-971e-0ead5fa78bf5> | en | 0.909262 | Culture & Behavior
From the ancient Sumerian story of Gilgamesh to recent practices like mountaintop removal, history is full of examples of societies consuming resources (and competing for those resources) like there's no tomorrow. But there are also many examples of societies — both prehistoric and more recent — living in relative sustainability.
Whether or not humans are simply unsustainable by nature, one thing is clear: the way we organize ourselves socially matters deeply. How does human evolution impact our behavior? What kinds of cultural norms encourage overconsumption and how can we change these? How do our political institutions shape the kinds of sustainability decisions that can —and cannot— be made by businesses and governments?
Josh Farley: The Foundation for a New Economy
length: 6:16 credit:
Josh Farley, a professor of Ecological Economics at the University of Vermont was the keynote speaker Friday night in Madison, WI for the dedication of the Farley Center for Peace, Justice, and Sustainability. I caught up with Josh after the talk and asked him to elaborate on the "New Economy", if the human race has time to transition from current over consumption to a modest, sustainable existence.
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CULTURE AND BEHAVIOR: Dangerously Addictive: Why We Are Biologically Ill-Suited to the Riches of Modern America
Peter Whybrow
EXCERPT: But living now in relative abundance, when the whole world is a shopping mall and our appetites are no longer constrained by limited resources, our craving for reward--be that for … >>
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0.038373 | <urn:uuid:076ef5f5-9a93-4526-b5bf-b86f1be755a3> | en | 0.91735 | 1. Latest News
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The New Generation of Automotive Tires
From Left to Right: Tiltread, Motiv, eMembrane, Mag-Trac
PRLog (Press Release) - Sep. 16, 2013 - DAVISON, Mich. -- The Nail: a tire's Kryptonite. There's no way of getting around it. Sometimes it's an easy fix, other times it'll cost you more than you'd prefer; but in the end, it's you're only option -- or is it? Well, at the moment it is, however in the near future, we can expect to see a tire free of pressurized air. There are a few companies in developement of just a concept. The Hankook tires are a great example of a new inovative concept. They have 4 that are really pushing the envelope of how a tire should be made.
The Tiltread is a tire split into three parallel ring sections, each mounted on a corresponding split section of wheel. As the wheel turns and leans, the three tire sections are individually raised or lowered, allowing them all to maintain traction with the road surface -- similar to how a motorcycle's tire grips the surface of a road while it's turning.
The Motiv is an off-road tire design which features numerous height-variable, non-pneumatic tread blocks that can adapt to extremely rough terrain without risk of blow-out.
The eMembrane is an eco-friendly tire design, which allows the tire to sit on two edges of the wheel -- similar to a hockey skate's blade. At low speeds, it reduces friction from the tire and ground, allowing the vehicle to travel further while using less energy. At high speeds, the tire's edges expand -- via centripetal force -- allowing for maximum grip and handling. It also has easily removable tread components, which allow consumers to replace worn-out tread when required, rather than the whole tyre carcass -- reducing tyre waste and landfill.
The Mag-Trac tire allows for a smooth ride. The tire is suspended via a megnetic field, allowing the inner rim to move freely when the tire travels over a road bump or pothole.
My personal favorite is the Tessela, as I think it's the most likely to be turned into reality; and has the most practical use out of all the concepts. It allows for fuel efficiency, and with today's gas prices, everyone is looking for ways to save. I think we'd see more of these tires on all types of vehicles, rather than a split wheel that really only has use in the racing world. It'd be awesome to see these tires come to life; considering I work in the car industry, it'd be something neat to look forward to.
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0.093585 | <urn:uuid:44b239b3-0f3a-41fe-b8eb-a9f6740a36d5> | en | 0.978912 | How the Populist Party Uses Hulet
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While Craig Hulet, featured on the California Pacifica radio stations, is careful to distance himself from views that are racist or anti-Jewish, not everyone who champions Hulet as an commentator on the Gulf War or Bush's New World Order makes those distinctions. Some persons, wittingly or not, use Hulet's theories to introduce others to the more bigoted theorists. Hulet helped spark a political movement in California following the Gulf War that, according to persons attending the meetings, fed scores, perhaps hundreds, of political activists into a far-right, racist, and anti-Jewish political organizing drive supporting the Presidential candidacy of Col. James "Bo" Gritz of the Populist Party.
The story of one person living in the Bay Area, called here Dana Pierce, illustrates the study group phenomenon sparked by Hulet's presentations. The story shows an organizing dynamic in action, and is not meant to imply that Hulet is a party to the dynamic, merely that others opportunistically use Hulet as bait.
Dana Pierce had become critical of domestic U.S. financial policies, and attended a meeting of others who shared that view. Pierce was invited by the leader of the group, an older man with "a pro-democracy demeanor," to a meeting in the San Rafael area to meet someone who might assist with a particular financial problem.
At that second meeting, the facilitator announced the group was trying to understand George Bush and the New World Order. They were studying history and political science, and were reading material by Noam Chomsky. It was explained that the group had formed after several core persons, who opposed sending U.S. troops to the Gulf, had heard Craig Hulet's speeches in the Bay Area, primarily on radio station KPFA, both in live interviews and on tape. Some people had seen Hulet on videotape. They had responded to Hulet's call for people to educate themselves by forming the group.
The group consisted of at least thirty people and had met about four times when Pierce attended the meeting. For the main program of the meeting, the group watched a videotape of Eustace Mullins talking about the sinister aspects of the Federal Reserve system. As the tape progressed, Pierce became increasingly uneasy.
Mullins was jumping back and forth, claiming bankers supported both the Bolshevik revolution and the Nazis, he praised the right-wing Hunt brothers, and then began to mention the Rothschild family. He said the CIA was part of the plot, and William F. Buckley is CIA which was why some conservative groups dismissed his theories. All the while I watched people smiling and nodding their heads and I began to wonder if I was the only one to catch the reference to the Rothschilds and wondered if I was being over-sensitive because I was Jewish.
After the tape, according to Pierce, "the host stood up and praised Mullins and said he was a close associate of Ezra Pound. The host also said that the banking system is communistic because both are monopolistic."
Pierce went to the local library and looked up a biography of Ezra Pound and discovered that Mullins had been associated with Pound, and that Pound was a virulent anti-Semite. Pierce then read Hannah Arendt's treatise on the origins of anti-Semitism, and pieces of the puzzle began to fall into place.
Pierce had not heard Hulet before and so went to hear a July 1991 speech at the First Unitarian Church in San Francisco. Admission was ten dollars and the audience numbered at least 100.
He was a glib speaker, and he presents concerns all of us have--concerns many people on the left certainly have about the Bush administration and how there is no effective congressional oversight. I can listen to him and agree he is focused on some real problems in this country. What he does is bring into the open a lot of concerns and he discusses issues succinctly and in ways that people can follow. If I had just gone to hear him I probably would have been quite taken with him, but in the context of the first meeting, I listened with skepticism, and am worried
People want so much to believe in him they don't want to hear any criticism. I saw how people can hear Hulet and then be led to Mullins. If you look at the origins of anti-Semitism described by Arendt, you can see how a self-confident person who provides simple explanations can offer comfort to people who sense that something is wrong with our society and that they are being lied to, which is true. But it was scary to see how easily people were then led into accepting the scapegoating of Jews and the other conspiracy theories discussed by Eustace Mullins on the videotape.
At first I thought there was something wrong with me, but now I think there is a serious problem that people on the left need to talk about.
Hulet was listed in a 1986 Spotlight advertisement as a speaker at a day-long seminar with ultra-rightist Australian Eric D. Butler and pro-apartheid writer Ivor Benson, a notorious anti-Semite. Both men are leading theorists affiliated with Liberty Lobby. Also on the 1986 panel was rightist newsletter editor Lawrence Patterson, recently named to the Liberty Lobby PAC, and David Irving, an author who claims the Holocaust was a Jewish hoax. Repeated attempts to interview Hulet regarding this meeting and the California study groups, including a visit to his base in a town north of Seattle, were brushed off by his wife, Kathleen DePass Hulet, who handles his publicity from a frame shop in downtown Everett, Washington. Hulet has told one newspaper that he did not attend the event. The matter is unimportant in an overall assessment of Hulet's ideological--as opposed to organizational--allegiances.
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0.030679 | <urn:uuid:3060d72a-53f2-4e82-9581-b91e8e0ee914> | en | 0.965376 | Sammie Speigner’s Killer Gets 21 Years
Wow! Judge Clyde Jones must feel strongly about keeping murderers off the streets — he gave Sammie Speigner’s killer a big one year over the minimum sentence. This even though Raymond Carlisle pulled a gun, chased Prof. Speigner from his car, and then shot him when the Prof got back to his car and tried to drive away. Then Carlisle took Prof. Speigner’s wallet and his car and left him to bleed to death. Carlisle’s excuse? Why, gay panic, of course. And it worked, by God. First, he was convicted of the lesser charge of felony murder rather than capital murder, and now he gets a mere 21 years, out of a possible 20-99 year range, for taking a man’s life. He’ll be eligible for parole in 10. Way to be tough on crime, Judge Jones.
2 Responses to “Sammie Speigner’s Killer Gets 21 Years”
1. Bill says:
How can this be? I have always opposed the “hate crimes” legislation because I have believed that such legislation devalues the life and rights of one party by implying becasue they are of lesser value they need special treatment. And I still feel that such legislation does have that implication. However, I am beginning to think that I am absurdly naive. Alabama is declaring open season on gays. The “gay panic” defense is basically established legal precedent in this state.
Come on judge, it was MURDER. What are you thinking?
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0.093061 | <urn:uuid:ea93b0a5-09ae-4b8c-aaf7-023f242b10d9> | en | 0.962983 | A waverider is a hypersonic aircraft design that improves its supersonic lift-to-drag ratio by producing a lifting surface built out of the shock waves being generated by its own flight, a technique known as compression lift. To date the only aircraft to use the technique is the Mach 3 supersonic XB-70 Valkyrie, which was waverider-like with its drooping wingtips. The waverider remains a well-studied design for high-speed aircraft in the Mach 5 and higher hypersonic regime, although no production design has used the concept to date. An effective Waverider craft requires an extremely characteristic shape, and this has made the concept a popular design for craft in science fiction.
The waverider concept was first developed by Terence Nonweiler of the Queen's University of Belfast, and first described in print in 1951 as a re-entry vehicle. It consisted of a delta-wing platform with a low wing loading to provide considerable surface area to dump the heat of re-entry. At the time he was forced to use a greatly simplified 2D model of airflow around the aircraft, which he realized would not be accurate due to spanwise flow across the wing. While attempting to develop simplified 3D equations to model the aircraft, he noticed that the shock wave would lead to high pressure under the wing, which could be used for lift. This is the basic principle of the waverider, and was more fully developed in later research.
In the 1950s, the British started a space program based around the Blue Streak missile, which was, at some point, to include a manned vehicle. Armstrong-Whitworth were contracted to develop the re-entry vehicle, and unlike the US space program they decided to stick with a winged vehicle instead of a ballistic capsule. Between 1957 and 1959, they contracted Nonweiler to develop his concepts further. This work produced a pyramid-shaped design with a flat underside and short wings. Heat was conducted through the wings to the upper cool surfaces, where it was dumped into the turbulent air on the top of the wing.
In 1960, work on the Blue Streak was canceled as the missile was seen as being obsolete before it could enter service. Work on waverider then moved to the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE), where it continued until 1965 as a research program into high-speed (Mach 6) civilian airliners. During this period at least one waverider was tested at the Woomera Rocket Range, mounted on the nose of an air-launched Blue Steel missile, and a number of airframes were tested in the wind tunnel at NASA's Ames Research Center.
In 1962 Nonweiler moved to Glasgow University to become Professor of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics. That year his Delta Wings of Shapes Amenable to Exact Shock-Wave Theory was published by the Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, and earned him that society's Gold Medal. In this paper the "classic" waverider is described, a modification of the original Armstrong-Whitworth design. In the new design the wings were angled down towards the tips, and the shock waves being generated from their leading edges interacted to form a single flat "plate" shock under the fuselage. The shock wave itself was a lifting surface, generating the needed lift with little physical interaction with the airframe, and dramatically lowering heating. Two to three years later the concept briefly came into the public eye, due to the airliner work at the RAE that led to the prospect of reaching Australia in 90 minutes. Newspaper articles led to an appearance on Scottish Television.
Hawker Siddeley examined the waverider in the later 1960s as a part of a three-stage lunar rocket design. The first stage was built on an expanded Blue Steel, the second a waverider, and the third a nuclear-powered manned stage. This work was generalized in 1971 to produce a two-staged reusable spacecraft. The 121-foot (36.9 m) long first stage was designed as a classical waverider, with airbreathing propulsion for return to the launch site. The upper stage was designed as a lifting body, and would have carried an 8000-pound (3.6 t) payload to low Earth orbit.
During the 1970s most work in hypersonics disappeared, and the waverider along with it.
In 1981, Maurice Rasmussen at the University of Oklahoma started a waverider renaissance by publishing a paper on a new 3D underside shape riding the shock wave from a conical projection, as opposed to Nonweiler's simple 2D 'caret' design riding the shock from a flat nose. These shapes have superior lifting performance and less drag. Since then, whole families of cone-derived waveriders have been designed using more and more complex conic shocks, based on more complex software. This work eventually led to a conference in 1989, the First International Hypersonic Waverider Conference, held at the University of Maryland.
One last development of the waverider is the Hypersonic Sail Waverider, which uses a rogallo wing as the lifting surface. The primary purpose for this design is to create a light-weight disposable lifting surface for interplanetary spacecraft to use while maneuvering over planets with an atmosphere. If used over Venus for instance, the spacecraft could aeromaneuver with the lift provided by the waverider to a degree that no gravitational slingshot could hope to achieve.
During re-entry, hypersonic vehicles generate lift only from the underside of the fuselage. The underside, which is inclined to the flow at a high angle of attack, creates lift in reaction to the vehicle wedging the airflow downwards. The amount of lift is not particularly high, compared to a traditional wing, but more than enough to maneuver given the amount of distance the vehicle covers.
Most re-entry vehicles have been based on the blunt-nose reentry design pioneered by Theodore von Kármán. He demonstrated that a shock wave is forced to "detach" from a curved surface, forced out into a larger configuration that requires considerable energy to form. Energy expended in forming this shock wave is no longer available as heat, so this shaping can dramatically reduce the heat load on the spacecraft. Such a design has been the basis for almost every re-entry vehicle since, found on the blunt noses of the early ICBM warheads, the bottoms of the various NASA capsules, and the large nose of the Space Shuttle.
The problem with the blunt-nose system is that the resulting design creates very little lift, meaning the vehicle has problems maneuvering during re-entry. If the spacecraft is meant to be able to return to its point of launch "on command", then some sort of maneuvering will be required to counteract the fact that the Earth is turning under the spacecraft as it flies. After a single low-earth orbit, the launching point will be over 1000 km to the east of the spacecraft by the time it flies over again after one full orbit. A considerable amount of research was dedicated to combining the blunt-nose system with wings, leading to the development of the lifting body designs in the U.S.
It was while working on exactly one such design that Nonweiler developed the waverider. He noticed that the detachment of the shock wave over the blunt leading edges of the wings of the Armstrong-Whitworth design would allow the air on the bottom of the craft to flow spanwise and escape to the upper part of the wing through the gap between the leading edge and the detached shock wave. This loss of airflow dramatically reduced the amount of lift being generated by the waverider (up to a quarter), which led to studies on how to avoid this problem and keep the flow trapped under the wing.
Nonweiler's resulting design is a delta-wing with some amount of negative dihedral — the wings are bent down from the fuselage towards the tips. When viewed from the front, the wing resembles a caret symbol (^) in cross section, and these designs are often referred to as carets. The more modern 3D version typically looks like a rounded letter 'M'. Theoretically, a star-shaped waverider with a frontal cross-section of a "+" or "×" could reduce drag by another 20%. The disadvantage of this design is that it has more area in contact with the shock wave and therefore has more pronounced heat dissipation problems.
Waveriders generally have sharp noses and sharp leading edges on their wings. The underside shock-surface remains attached to this. Air flowing in through the shock surface is trapped between the shock and the fuselage, and can only escape at the rear of the fuselage. With sharp edges, all the lift is retained.
Even though sharp edges get much hotter than rounded ones at the same air density, the improved lift means that waveriders can glide on re-entry at much higher altitudes where the air density is lower. A list ranking various space vehicles in order of heating applied to the airframe would have capsules at the top (re-entering quickly with very high heating loads), waveriders at the bottom (extremely long gliding profiles at high altitude), and the Space Shuttle somewhere in the middle.
Simple waveriders have substantial design problems. First, the obvious designs only work at a particular Mach number, and the amount of lift captured will change dramatically as the vehicle changes speed. Another problem is that the waverider depends on radiative cooling, possible as long as the vehicle spends most of its time at very high altitudes. However these altitudes also demand a very large wing to generate the needed lift in the thin air, and that same wing can become rather unwieldy at lower altitudes and speeds.
Because of these problems, waveriders have not found favor with practical aerodynamic designers, despite the fact that they might make long-distance hypersonic vehicles efficient enough to carry air freight.
Some researchers controversially claim that there are designs that overcome these problems. One candidate for a multi-speed waverider is a "caret wing", operated at different angles of attack. A caret wing is a delta wing with longitudinal conical or triangular slots or strakes. It strongly resembles a paper airplane or rogallo wing. The correct angle of attack would become increasingly precise at higher mach numbers, but this is a control problem that is theoretically solvable. The wing is said to perform even better if it can be constructed of tight mesh, because that reduces its drag, while maintaining lift. Such wings are said to have the unusual attribute of operating at a wide range of mach numbers in different fluids with a wide range of Reynolds numbers.
The temperature problem can be solved with some combination of a transpiring surface, exotic materials, and possibly heat-pipes. In a transpiring surface, small amounts of a coolant such as water are pumped through small holes in the aircraft's skin (see transpiration and perspiration). This design works for Mach-25 spacecraft re-entry shields, and therefore should work for any aircraft that can carry the weight of the coolant. Exotic materials such as carbon-carbon composite do not conduct heat but endure it, but they tend to be brittle. Although they are not widely used at present, heatpipes may be an excellent, unexplored solution: they are passive (no pumps), they conduct heat better than most exotic solid materials, and they would disperse heat away from the active parts of the wing.
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The Supreme Court Wreaks Havoc in the Lower Federal Courts-- Twombly
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Published by Umesh Heendeniya
Legal Documents and How-to Articles that provide information and caselaw on how to bring legal actions against law enforcement and corrections officers/agencies successfully.
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,which invalidated the voluntary use of
race by public school boards in Kentucky and Washington?Not even close, at least by one important measure: How many times has the ruling been cited by thelower federal courts? According to my WestLaw research at the end of last week, the partial-birth abortion case had been cited eleven times since it was decided in April, and the schools case had beencited just twice since it was decided in late June.In contrast, the hands-down winner for most-cited was
.Since the case
was decided in late May, it has been cited by the lower federal courts a whopping 457 times. Indeed, ithas been cited almost 300 times in July and August alone.If you've never heard of the
ruling, that's probably because you don't litigate in the federalcourts. And therein lies the rub: The
case, as I explain in this column, concerns the standardto be used by federal district judges in deciding whether to dismiss a lawsuit before allowing theplaintiff to conduct civil discovery (interrogatories, depositions, document requests and the like). It isfundamentally about what we might call "lawyer's law." However, the case was produced by a SupremeCourt whose Justices have had very little trial court experience.. Unfortunately, here and elsewhere,that lack of experience sometimes shows.
A Very Brief History of Pleading Practice Before
Under the old common law of England and America, court procedure developed into a highly arcanebody of rules. In order to have a case heard by a jury, a plaintiff and his lawyer first had to navigate aminefield of procedural traps.For example, suppose that Mr. P believed that Mr. D had acted negligently in driving his horse-drawncarriage over P's foot. P would bring a lawsuit alleging "trespass on the case," the predecessor to themodern claim for negligence. However, if it turned out that D had actually driven over P's footdeliberately
sued him for simple "trespass," the predecessor to the modern tort of intentional battery.By the middle of the Nineteenth Century, this and other absurdities of pleading practice began toinspire reforms that culminated in the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938. Theserules, which operate in federal court and have been widely copied by state courts, have at their core apreference for adjudication on the merits, rather than making litigation simply a match of lawyers' wits. (In
,I explained why the newly revised Federal Rules should be interpreted inaccordance with this preference when disputes arise.)The central feature of the Federal Rules is "notice pleading," the idea that to initiate a lawsuit, theplaintiff need only provide the defendant with "notice" of what the case is about. Details about what
exactly the plaintiff thinks happened come at a later stage of the proceedings, after there has been anopportunity to conduct discovery.
Balancing Risks to Plaintiffs and Defendants
Notice pleading, however, is itself costly. The old system of procedure screened out some potentially meritorious lawsuits because the plaintiff could not allege exactly what happened to him without firsthaving access through discovery to the defendant's records and testimony. Yet the new system of notice pleading has the opposite vice: It subjects some defendants who have done nothing wrong tocostly discovery, and those costs are not recouped even if the defendant ultimately prevails on themerits.The federal system has responded to the risk of costly discovery in three principal ways: First, variousrules impose ethical obligations on lawyers to conduct some investigation to ensure the legitimacy of the lawsuit before filing. However, the rules only require "an inquiry reasonable under thecircumstances," and because those circumstances do not yet include formal discovery, many lawsuitsthat appear reasonable when filed can ultimately prove to be without merit.Second, in areas where Congress has concluded that the risks and/or costs of discovery are especially high, it has occasionally demanded that a plaintiff and her lawyer satisfy a "heightened pleadingstandard." In cases in which such a standard applies, the complaint must allege specific facts that showthe defendant's liability, and the background ethical rules require that the plaintiff and her lawyerhave evidence of such specific facts even before they are entitled to formal discovery. For example,thePrivate Securities Litigation Reform Act (PSLRA), enacted in 1995, contains a heightened pleading
standard for securities fraud cases.Third, the Federal Rules themselves provide for a heightened pleading standard in two circumstances:Under Rule 9(b), if a plaintiff's claim to relief (or a defendant's defense) depends on an allegation of fraud or mistake, "the circumstances constituting fraud or mistake shall be stated with particularity."Exactly why Rule 9(b) singles out these two sorts of allegations for a heightened pleading standard issomething of a mystery. However, the Supreme Court made clear in two unanimous rulings thatfederal judges could not impose a heightened pleading standard in circumstances not covered by either Rule 9(b) or an Act of Congress such as the PSLRA. In the 1993 decision in
and the 2002 decision in
,the Justices said that only a change in the text of the Federal Rules or an Act of Congresscould impose a heightened pleading standard in cases not covered by the current version of Rule 9(b)or an existing statute.
There matters stood, until the Court decided
this past May. The plaintiffs sought to bring aclass action on behalf of telephone customers against local telephone companies, alleging that thelatter had conspired to divide up the national market into a system of local monopolies, in violation of federal antitrust law. The Supreme Court ruled that the complaint should be dismissed because it didnot include "enough factual matter (taken as true) to suggest that an agreement was made" among the various local telephone companies. "Proceeding to antitrust discovery can be expensive," the Courtexplained, and so district judges must take "care to require allegations that reach the level suggestingconspiracy" before permitting a case to go forward.
The foregoing language sounds very much like a heightened pleading requirement for cases allegingconspiracy, or at least for cases alleging an antitrust conspiracy. Whereas a simple allegation of "negligence" is enough to get to discovery in a medical malpractice case or a fender-bender (assumingthe case involves enough money to satisfy the jurisdictional minimum for federal court), "conspiracy"requires "factual matter." Accordingly, Justices John Paul Stevens and Ruth Bader Ginsburg dissented,invoking the longstanding principles of notice pleading. Yet Justice Souter's majority opinion in
vociferously denied that the Court was imposing aheightened pleading requirement, and reaffirmed the principle announced in the
cases: Notice pleading is sufficient, absent a specific Act of Congress or an amendment toRule 9(b).If the
decision did not rest on a heightened pleading standard for conspiracy or antitrustconspiracy cases, the most logical inference is that it raised the bar, requiring more factual detail, forall categories of cases. But that interpretation, too, is problematic because in a brief unsigned Juneopinion in
,the Court unanimously cited
itself as authority for rejecting
any requirement of factual detail in a lawsuit by a prisoner alleging cruel and unusual punishment.Thus the question remains: How should
be understood? That question has perplexed thehundreds of federal judges who have already had to confront dismissal motions citing
Chaos in the Lower Federal Courts
The hundreds of lower court opinions citing
take a variety of positions on the meaning of thecase. The lower court judges all agree, however, that
does not impose a heightened pleadingstandard--because the Supreme Court said it was not imposing such a heightened standard.Some lower court opinions point to
in support of the proposition that
also did notchange the basic rules of notice pleading. Other courts, however, have understood
asrequiring that henceforth
can be confined to the antitrust context, or at least to conspiracy cases.It is not clear which, if any, of these approaches is most faithful to
. What is clear is that theSupreme Court will soon have to revisit the question of pleading standards to resolve the ambiguity that
Consider the Court's line of decisions holding that the Sixth Amendment right to jury trial requiresthat factual issues that serve as the basis for a sentencing determination must be proved to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. In the 2005 decision in
,the Court relied on thisprinciple to invalidate the federal Sentencing Guidelines. However, because no five Justices couldagree on both the underlying flaw and the appropriate remedy, the result was essentially acompromise: Judges could still make factual determinations to calculate a sentence within theGuidelines, but the Guidelines would only be advisory, rather than mandatory.Since
that a federal appeals court could treat a sentence within theGuidelines range as presumptively reasonable. The good news was that this time, the Court was nearly
You're Reading a Free Preview | http://www.scribd.com/doc/121768439/The-Supreme-Court-Wreaks-Havoc-in-the-Lower-Federal-Courts-Twombly | dclm-gs1-151060002 | false | false | {
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0.022315 | <urn:uuid:0d86e60f-5bff-4e64-adb8-c799ff5d036d> | en | 0.919399 | . Space Industry and Business News .
Lab-made complexes are "sun sponges"
by Staff Writers
St. Louis MO (SPX) Aug 26, 2013
Graduate student Michelle Harris and research scientist Darek Niedzwiedzki in PARC's Ultrafast Laser Facility. The laser setup allows them to measure energy transfer steps among pigments in light-harvesting antennas that take place in a trillionth of a second. Image courtesy Angeles/WUSTL.
The scientists who made it call it a testbed, or platform for rapid prototyping of light-harvesting antennas-structures found in plants and photosynthesizing bacteria-that take the first step in converting sunlight into usable energy. The antennas consist of protein scaffolding that holds pigment molecules in ideal positions to capture and transfer the sun's energy.
The number and variety of the pigment molecules determines how much of the sun's energy the antennas can grab and dump into an energy trap.
In the online edition of Chemical Science, a new publication of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the scientists describe two prototype antennas they've built on their testbed. One incorporated synthetic dyes called Oregon Green and Rhodamine Red and the other combined Oregon Green and a synthetic version of the bacterial pigment bacteriochlorophyll that absorbs light in the near-infrared region of the spectrum.
One day a two-part system (consisting of an antenna and a second unit called a reaction center) might serve as a miniature power outlet into which photochemical modules could be plugged. The sun's energy could then be used directly to split water, generate electricity, or build molecular-scale devices.
Designer pigments
The pigment we are most familiar with is chlorophyll, the molecule that makes plants appear green. But that green color is a tipoff about the plant's solar absorption. We see plants as green because they're reflecting the green part of the spectrum and absorbing in the violet and the red parts of the spectrum instead.
"Since plant pigments actually reject a lot of the light that falls on them," Hunter said, "potentially there's a lot of light you could gather that plants don't bother with."
The team relies on Jonathan Lindsey to design and synthesize pigments that can absorb at wavelengths that will fill some of the holes in the absorption of natural systems. "It can't be done from first principles," Lindsey said, "but we have a large database of known absorbers and so drawing on that and reasoning by analogy we can design a large variety of pigments."
More than one synthetic or natural pigment can be attached to the protein scaffolding. "The prototypes in the Chemical Science paper both have two but ultimately we'd like to add three or four or even more," said Lindsey. "One of our goals is to understand to what extent the protein can be derivatized with pigments."
"The energy cascades down like a waterfall," Hunter said. "So you pour the energy at the top of the waterfall and it hits one pigment and jumps to the next and the next and finally to the pigment at the bottom, which in terms of energy is the pigment that is reddest in color."
Self assembly line
"This is an example of what the field would refer to as semi-synthesis," Lindsey said. "We take naturally occurring materials and combine them with synthetic ones to make something that doesn't exist in nature. By taking lots of material from nature we can make molecules that are architecturally more complex than those we can make from scratch."
"I've been working in photosynthesis for 50 years," said Loach, "and I can't think of many other times when there were so many good people with so many different talents coming together to try to solve problems. It's fun to be part of it and to see what comes out of the collaboration."
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| http://www.spacemart.com/reports/Lab_made_complexes_are_sun_sponges_999.html | dclm-gs1-151140002 | false | true | {
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0.032105 | <urn:uuid:081470a1-56fc-4673-988b-d0968c5e7fc5> | en | 0.975531 | Top doctor who hit his wife 24 times is spared jail
Brute: Dr Stuart Brown attacked his wife, punching her 24 times
A senior doctor who savagely beat up his wife after they argued about buying a new car has escaped a prison sentence.
Anaesthetics consultant Stuart Brown, 37, threw his wife to the floor and punched her at least 24 times as she lay at his feet.
He claimed a "red mist" descended after she went to sleep in the spare bedroom.
The vicious assault on Carol Mcewan followed regular verbal and physical abuse during their seven-year marriage.
But Brown, 37, who is thought to earn £100,000 a year, walked free from court after being ordered to pay her just £500 in compensation.
Magistrates decided against jailing him because he had no prior convictions and was of previous "good character".
Presiding magistrate John Warne told him: "No punishment this court could enforce could come anywhere near the impact you feel this had on you, your profession and your colleagues."
The case was heard in the same week a management consultant was fined just £2,000 after branding his wife with an iron because she had not pressed his shirt.
Women's Aid yesterday expressed concern that two cases involving lenient sentences should occur within days of each other.
Spokeswoman Judith Stephenson said: "These cases are shocking and demonstrate how a man who causes his partner extreme emotional and physical harm can still go almost unpunished.
"It is vital that the courts give out the message that domestic violence is not acceptable."
Prosecutor Rachael Tuckertold Norwich Magistrates Court: "'In the days leading up to the latest incident they had an argument over buying a new car.
"The relationship remained tense for several days.
"On the night of the attack she had gone to bed early as she needed to get up early the next day.
"When Mr Brown came to bed she attempted to move to the spare room so that she could get some sleep. That is when he became abusive."
Brown followed his wife and began punching her as she lay in bed before dragging her to the floor and hitting her in the ribs "at least a couple of dozen times".
In a statement, Miss Mcewan said her husband's eyes were bulging and his face was "ugly and full of anger".
He fled their house in Norwich after she managed to crawl to a phone and dial 999.
Brown, who is now living in nearby Wymondham, later told police "a red mist descended and I lost control".
He was also given a 24-month supervision order and ordered to complete a domestic abuse programme after admitting assault by beating on July 25.
He is still working at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, in Norwich, which has refused to comment on the case.
The General Medical Council will now hold a disciplinary hearing Brown could be suspended or struck off.
Detective Sergeant Ian Fox, of Norfolk police, said: "This shows that domestic violence knows no class boundaries and can affect people from all walks of life."
A force insider added: "The sentence does not send a warning to abusive partners. Being of otherwise good character is no excuse for domestic abuse."
Cambridge graduate Colin Read, 25, was fined on Monday for using the iron on his wife, medical student Elizabeth, also 25.
He also slashed her with a knife after she forgot to make his sandwiches.
Read was even spared a community punishment because the judge ruled he was unlikely to reoffend and he was "too busy" to complete any order.
One in four women experience domestic violence at some point in their lifetimes and two women are killed each week in England and Wales as a result.
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0.925045 | <urn:uuid:a4ef2198-9c20-4028-ae0a-1913c0791e0c> | en | 0.908412 | jacky in the box asks: Added Jul 3rd 2010, ID #155123
Two questions:
1) When I dress up my Pokemon for the contest, sometimes not all of my accessories show up. Why is that? (And don't say it's a glitch!)
2) Does it give you less appeal points (hearts) if you put the same accessory on multiple times? Ie: 6 black mustaches?
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Guest answered: Added 1st Jan 2011, ID #377678
Answer to question 1- its because the accessories need to be touching the pokemon
Answer to question 2- as long as the items match the theme, it shouldn't decrease the score
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0.019084 | <urn:uuid:3bad78ee-fefc-49cb-b6d9-e045ea13ffbe> | en | 0.890868 | Question for Lego Harry Potter: Years 5-7
TSJones95 asks: Added Dec 27th 2011, ID #236247
Question for Lego Harry Potter: Years 5-7
How do I get all 5 drinks in the 6th movie when it is just harry and Dumbledore on the island with the dead guys chasing them?
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Guest answered: Added 28th Dec 2011, ID #467545
You have to go around the island and serch all the nooks and cranies to try and find the goblet holders. Also destroy the dead guys by casting reducto and then just run away.
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0.029738 | <urn:uuid:72e41b08-371d-4a4a-b1dd-7ea972d625d4> | en | 0.916696 |
Hp ze2000 fan speed uncontroled
Discussion in 'Overclocking, Cooling and Modding' started by computers4chris, Jan 8, 2009.
1. computers4chris Newcomer, in training
Hello I have a hp ze2000 when I turn my computer on my fan runs at full speed and gradualy over a 10 sec period slows down til it stops. I have tried everything I can think of any help would be appriciated. The fallowing are steps I preformed to fix the problem:
have updated the bios and then reverted the bios both flashed did not fix the problem.
I replaced the fan, same problem. Any other subjestions???
One last note even when I have not booted up windows and only boot to the bios the fan still does the same thing.
2. Marxtheboss Newcomer, in training
My packard bell Runs at full speed and then goes to 1500RPM, it is totally normal on mine :D
My fans run for about 5-10 sec, and then it boots:p
But if you fans stand COMPLETE still there must be something wrong whit the BIOS??:S
3. computers4chris Newcomer, in training
I dont believe its normal for the computer to run at full speed every 30 sec. I think the computers bios should tell it when to come on if it gets hot, the funny thing is it comes on full blast for about 1 second and then kicks of slowly down to nothing over a 10 sec period then like clockwork same thing over and over. I have several laptops an none have done this befor. | http://www.techspot.com/community/topics/hp-ze2000-fan-speed-uncontroled.119569/ | dclm-gs1-151250002 | false | false | {
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0.163024 | <urn:uuid:59673933-318b-439d-8cff-10d1b3b18b33> | en | 0.956819 | The Politics of Cost Control
Is it fair to worry that the Democrats included an end-of-life counseling provision in the health care bill because they're planning to push Grannie off the ice floe as soon as they can get naional health care passed? No, and yes. No, because I don't believe that they want to bamboozle people into ending their lives before they should. It's quite clear from what Obama has been saying that he thinks there is a great deal of unnecessary care, particularly late in peoples' lives, that makes them worse off, or at least, no better off.
But though the implication that the Democrats are heartless technocrats is thoroughly wrong, I think the worry underlying it is legitimate. First of all, Obama has made a number of missteps that paint a worrying picture of what he thinks an "unnecessary procedure" is. Or at least worrying for seniors and other important voting blocks. It is actually entirely true that if you're focused on cutting costs, you would never install a pacemaker in a 99 year old woman. The number of quality-adjusted-life-years you could expect to get out of that procedure is not high. Meanwhile, she's very likely to die on the table, wasting thousands of dollars and the last days of her life. If Obama is serious about bending the cost curve, he will create some sort of agency that will say no. And it's no good saying, as you do to under-65's, that this rationing will only apply to bonus care for people who currently lack insurance. Cutting costs means taking options away from seniors. You may think that they would be better off without those options. But they clearly don't.
The other reason I think the worries are legitimate is that as the government is on the hook for more medical costs, its incentives change. The fact is, it wouldn't be hard to manipulate a significant number of sick people into forgoing a lot of expensive care. The Obama administration's point, which is well taken, is that it's problematic to give doctors financial incentives to bias their advice towards treatment. The problem is, it's also problematic to give them, or their employers, incentives to bias their advice towards undertreatment. Every compensation scheme on the table does one or the other. And I think Americans are inherently more comfortable with a bias towards proaction than inaction, even if the latter is cheaper and more restful.
Insurance companies already have those undertreatment incentives, but it's hard to act on them. Right now, people know that their insurance companies would love to provide self-serving "end of life" counseling that would encourage sick people not to waste so much valuable money. But they are limited by, first, competition--an insurance company that tried to do this too blatantly would suffer horrible publicity and ultimately lose business--and second, the threat of lawsuits and/or regulation.
People aren't trusting the free market as much as they're trusting various institutional arrangements, some within the market and some outside of it, to protect them from the perverse incentives of any insurance company. Once the government has the perverse institutional incentives, the institutional checks are fewer, more ponderous, and worst of all, often create huge new problems. The institutional checks we have accumulated have now so encrusted the government that it's ever-harder to make changes, or for that matter, to get anything done. As my father is fond of pointing out, adding federal money to a project now adds an average of five years time-to-completion while the project managers jump through various procedural hoops.
Medicare basically free rides on this; Medicare reimbursements are tied to, and broadly reflect, the private reimbursement system. (Yes, I know there are a lot of crazy exceptions--Medicare reimbursement policy is an enigma wrapped in a puzzle placed inside a labyrinth and shrink-wrapped with red tape. But what Medicare pays for and what private insurance sector pays for are not, in toto, wildly different.) If the public sector atrophies, the scope for manipulation broadens, because the information about what's available outside the public sector shrinks. Nor is this just crazy speculation. I actually think it's pretty reasonable when conservatives worry that the Dutch attitudes towards euthanasia are influenced by the burden old people and severely disabled children put on the public purse. I don't see how they could fail to be.
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Prosecutors Recommend Five Years Jail for Hartati
SP/Erwin Cristianson
Prosecutors on Monday recommended
that Jakarta Anti-Corruption Court judges sentence businesswoman Sri
Hartati Murdaya Poo to five years in jail for bribery.
“We recommend that the defendant,
Siti Hartati Murdaya, be declared guilty of corruption and sentenced
to five years in jail and a fine of Rp 200 million or an additional
four months in jail,” prosecutor Edy Hartoyo told the court.
Hartati, a close aide of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, was
named a graft suspect by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)
in August.
She is said to have offered Rp 3 billion ($313,000) in
kickbacks to Amran Batalipu, the former head of Central Sulawesi’s
Buol district, in exchange for land concessions for her oil palm
plantation companies, Hardaya Inti Plantation and Cipta Cakra
Hartati initially claimed that the money was a donation, but later
said she was extorted by Amran.
Reading out the 300-page thick recommendation, Edy said that
Hartati, by engaging in the crime, did not support the government’s
anti-corruption drive and expanded her plantation concessions
dishonestly. In addition, Edy said she had not been straightforward
during the trial and mobilized mobs including for the purpose of
disturbing the trials.
“She has been legally and convincingly proven to have engaged in
corruption,” Edy said.
Gusrizal, who heads the panel of judges hearing the case, said the
court would resume on Monday to hear the defense plea.
Hartati, speaking after the hearing, called the prosecutor’s
recommendation unrealistic.
“It is unrealistic and based only on their own charges. It
should be based on the facts presented in court,” Hartati said,
adding that the “people can judge for themselves.”
Hartati’s lawyer, Patra M. Zen, said he was confident the judges
would be more objective in their
“The recommendation is indeed within the authority of the
prosecutors but the verdict is in the hands of the panel of judges.
They [the judges] are not blind and can see that not a single
witness, as shown in the trial records, said that Hartati handed over
the money,” he said.”
“The one who handed the money was Gondo,” he added, referring to Gondo Sidjono, the operations director of
Hardaya Inti Plantation.
The KPK has also named Amran, Gondo and Hardaya Inti Plantation
general manager Yani Anshori as suspects in the case. Prosecutors are
seeking a 12-year prison term for Amran. | http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/archive/prosecutors-recommend-five-years-jail-for-hartati/565667/ | dclm-gs1-151350002 | false | false | {
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0.021958 | <urn:uuid:236e60bf-0b40-4bcc-95e5-4198ae4f00eb> | en | 0.952533 | Site Meter
Screen Shot 2013-05-20 at 1.55.00 AMThis is yet another of those ‘no brainer’ Pink Flamingo posts I decided to toss together as quick and easy. Nothing is farther from the truth. I’ve changed the title several times. After four hours of working on it on Sunday evening, I’ve realized I have at least three parts to it. I started out with one premise, and ended up with another. Instead of editing it to exhibit that premise, I’m just going to go with a train of thought and let you, my poor, abused reader, deal with it. Part II will come tomorrow. Part III will be on Wednesday. There is so much information, I’m just cutting it off at so many words. You can’t read the entire post at one time. I’ve thrown too many facts into it.
This isn’t rocket science, people:
UK Guardian
UK Guardian
You also might want to look at the list of actual historic records for temperatures. We’re dealing with about 6000 years of actual recorded human history. Our actual real weather records go back maybe 150 years, if that far. There are other ways to access records and determine climate, but this too is just not all that ‘scientific’.
The Galileo Project
The Galileo Project
A recent UN report on climate change has been released by a conservative operative. It is fascinating. The UN is back-tracking on their work, very quickly. The far right is embracing the paper, which tells me something isn’t quite kosher. New Science has a review of the alleged disaster. If the leak is accurate, climate change science is going to fall like a house of cards.
I don’t think the man-made cause for climate change is as convincing as we are being led to believe. My basis for stating this is my life-long study of history. I love science, especially archaeology, geology, volcanology,and paleontology. From that alone, I happen to think that global climate change is very real, but is not about being man made. I also, am on the record as stating that the historical record, of advancing civilization is through a climate where the world-wide temperature is a good couple of degrees warmer than it is now.
Any student of history, especially ancient history, knows that the Roman world, the “ancient” classical world was several degrees warmer than it is now. Let’s throw in a little history – my favorite historical subject The Matter of Britain. If you don’t know what it is, look it up!
“…”The sun was dark and its darkness lasted for eighteen months; each day it shone for about four hours; and still this light was only a feeble shadow; the fruits did not ripen and the wine tasted like sour grapes.” As this Michael the Syrian quote regarding the weather of 536 A.D. demonstrates, a climate catastrophe that blots out the sun can really spoil your day. Procopius of Caesarea remarked: “During this year [536 A.D.] a most dread portent took place. For the sun gave forth its light without brightness. and it seemed exceedingly like the sun in eclipse, for the beams it shed were not clear.”
Many documents from 535 – 536 A.D.–the time of King Arthur in Britain–speak of the terrible “dry fog” or cloud of dust that obscured the sun, causing widespread crop failures in Europe, and summer frosts, drought, and famine in China. Tree ring studies in Europe confirm several years of very poor growth around that time, and ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica show highly elevated levels of atmospheric sulfuric acid dust existed….”
Something catastrophic happened around A. D. 535 or so, that truly set up the change into the ‘dark ages’, and the ‘fall’ of Rome. It caused the eventual rise of the modern world. In fact, Ken Wohletz, of Los Alamos did a study on the effects of what he thinks was an volcanic eruption.
“...Modern history has its origins in the tumultuous 6th and 7th centuries.
During this period agricultural failures and the emergence of the plague contributed to:
(1) the demise of ancient super cities, old Persia, Indonesian civilizations, the Nasca culture of South America, and southern Arabian civilizations;
(2) the schism of the Roman Empire with the conception of many nation states and the re-birth of a united China; and
(3) the origin and spread of Islam while Arian Christianity disappeared. In his book, Catastrophe An Investigation into the Origins of the Modern World, author David Keys explores history and archaeology to link all of these human upheavals to climate destabilization brought on by a natural catastrophe, with strong evidence from tree-ring and ice-core data that it occurred in 535 AD.
With no supporting evidence for an impact-related event, I worked with Keys to narrow down the possibilities for a volcanic eruption that could affect both hemispheres and bring about several decades of disrupted climate patterns, most notably colder and drier weather in Europe and Asia, where descriptions of months with diminished sun light, persistent cold, and anomalous summer snow falls are recorded in 6th-century written accounts.
Writings from China and Indonesia describe rare atmospheric phenomena that possibly point to a volcano in the Indonesian arc. Although radiocarbon dating of eruptions in that part of the world are spotty, there is strong bathymetric and volcanic evidence that Krakatau might have experienced a huge caldera eruption.
Accordingly, I encouraged a scientific expedition to be led by Haraldur Sigurdsson to the area. The expedition found a thick pyroclastic deposit, bracketed by appropriate radiometric dates, that suggests such a caldera collapse of a �Proto-Krakatau� did occur perhaps in the 6th century. Bathymetry indicates a caldera some 40 to 60 km in diameter that, with collapse below sea level, could have formed the Sunda Straits, separating Java from Sumatra, as suggested by ancient Javanese historical writings.
Such a caldera collapse likely involved eruption of several hundred cubic kilometers of pyroclastic debris, several times larger than the 1815 eruption of Tambora. This hypothetical eruption likely involved magma-seawater interaction, as past eruptions of Krakatau document, but on a tremendous scale. Computer simulations of the eruption indicate that the interaction could have produced a plume from 25 to >50 km high, carrying from 50 to 100 km3 of vaporized seawater into the atmosphere.
Although most of the vapor condenses and falls out from low altitudes, still large quantities are lofted into the stratosphere, forming ice clouds with super fine (<10 micrometer) hydrovolcanic ash. Discussions with global climate modelers at Los Alamos National Laboratory led me to preliminary calculations that such a plume of ash and ice crystals could form a significant cloud layer over much of the northern and southern hemispheres.
Orders of magnitude larger than previously studied volcanic plumes, its dissipation and impact upon global albedo, the tropopause height, and stratospheric ozone are unknown but certainly within possibilities for climate destabilization lasting years or perhaps several decades.
If this volcanic hypothesis is correct, the global, domino-like effects upon epidemics, agriculture, politics, economics, and religion are far-reaching, elevating the potential role of volcanism as a major climate control, and demonstrating the intimate link between human affairs and nature….”
This is why I think the global ‘warming’ folks are all wet:
“...It has been conjectured that these changes were due to ashes or dust thrown into the air after the impact of a comet or meteorite, or after the eruption of a volcano (a phenomenon known as “volcanic winter”).
The evidence of sulfate deposits in ice cores strongly supports the volcano hypothesis; the sulfate spike is even more intense than that which accompanied the lesser episode of climatic aberration in 1816, popularly known as the “Year Without a Summer”, which has been connected to the explosion of the volcano Mount Tambora in Sumbawa, Indonesia.
In 1984, R. B. Stothers postulated that this event might have been caused by the volcano Rabaul in what is now Papua New Guinea.
In 1999, David Keys in his book Catastrophe: A Quest for the Origins of the Modern World (supported by work of the American volcanologist Ken Wohletz), suggested that the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa exploded at the time and caused the changes. It is suggested that an eruption of Krakatoa attributed to the year 416 by the Javanese Book of Kings actually took place at this time–there is no other evidence of such an eruption in 416.
In 2009, Dallas Abbott of Columbia University’s Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory in New York published evidence from Greenland ice cores that multiple comet impacts caused the haze. The spherules found in the ice may originate from terrestrial debris ejected into the atmosphere by an impact event.
I’m not all that impressed with a meteorological based study of climate change and ‘global warming’ because those involved have a tendency to ignore the actual historical record. I disagree with this on so many different historical and archaeological records.
Politicus USA
Politicus USA
This is my problem. When climate change scientists make their catastrophic warnings, they are completely ignoring the historical record. In many ways, they are as Luddite against this historical record as the far right is against their work.
The series continues tomorrow.
Comments are closed.
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0.111867 | <urn:uuid:bb14b0d8-66aa-4d19-9d2d-77116067cab0> | en | 0.939346 | The Register® — Biting the hand that feeds IT
London Mayor Boris grilled on Virgin's Underground penetration
Answered - who, what and for how long
5 ways to prepare your advertising infrastructure for disaster
Responding to questions from Mayorwatch, TfL explained that Virgin Media is paying to provide public Wi-Fi over infrastructure that was being fitted to the tube network anyway, and that Virgin will be allowed to make use of "public information channels" to publicise its service, but it won't get free advertising.
After a few months of free access (long enough to last the Olympics) the network will remain gratis for Virgin Media customers, but everyone else will have to pay. Virgin Media will maintain its monopoly at least until the contract comes up for renewal in 2017, but there won't be Virgin logos on the platforms beyond those within the usual poster sites.
Virgin Media will get some promotion of the service, as the London Underground will be "allowing access to the same public information channels used for other service improvement" but exactly what that means isn't clear.
No one will say how much Virgin Media is paying for all this, but it's not having to pay for the infrastructure (as it was going in for staff use anyway) so the money is for the monopoly, and the backhaul out of the Underground.
That monopoly shouldn't be underestimated, though in practical terms Wi-Fi on the platform might not be very useful (as the majority of time is spent on the train, particularly in the middle of London) but the bragging rights are considerable.
Virgin Media can't mention the Olympics, it isn't a sponsor so can't even refer to the fact that the free Wi-Fi will last until the end of the 2012 Games. It will be interesting to see how Virgin Media spins this to make its money, but even when it reaches the promised 120 stations it's not going to make a significant difference to most Londoners. ®
5 ways to prepare your advertising infrastructure for disaster
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0.029731 | <urn:uuid:2c772696-4d89-4b93-9416-9b6d5922422a> | en | 0.966678 | 50 years ago, President John F. Kennedy told the United States that man would go to the moon. Soon, another American president may announce that the same celestial body will serve as a waypoint for manned space exploration. The Verge has learned that NASA intends to deploy a robotic lunar rover on the Moon in 2017 to search for water and other resources necessary for space travel, and that NASA may have secured support from the White House for an actual manned outpost — a space station — floating above the far side of the moon.
Rumors of such a deep-space outpost surfaced as early as February of this year, when a leaked memo from a NASA administrator detailed an idea to build a "human-tended waypoint" at Earth-Moon Lagrange Point 2 (EML-2): a point in space where balanced gravitational forces allow an object to remain in stationary orbit relative to both the Earth and the Moon. From there, NASA could launch missions deeper into space — say, to Mars, or a near-Earth asteroid — using the base as a stepping stone.
In September, the Orlando Sentinel revealed that the "gateway spacecraft" wasn't just a crazy idea. The publication reported that the White House had been pitched on a plan to begin construction as early as 2019, possibly defraying the to-be-determined expense by using parts left over from the International Space Station and components from international partners, including Russia — which has committed to a moon base of its own — and Italy. At the time, the Sentinel reported that it was unclear whether the Obama Administration would support the move.
Now, space policy expert John Logsdon told Space.com that the White House is indeed interested in the idea, and had merely been "holding off announcing that until after the election." In 2010, President Obama told the nation that we would send men to an asteroid for the first time, and then on to Mars by the mid-2030s, but suggested that the Moon itself wasn't part of the plan:
We spoke to Logsdon as well, and he said that the administration is planning a shift in policy that could make the Moon and its surrounding space a more important part of the equation.
And our source tells us that part of that plan is deploying RESOLVE on the lunar surface in 2017. It's a payload designed to be mounted on a robotic rover and driven across the moon to find water and other useful materials for space travel, Cheaper than lifting water off the Earth such that spaceships won't have the tremendous expense of lifting them from Earth in order to bring them along. They could theoretically travel from Earth to the lunar waypoint and find resources waiting for them before undertaking a journey further abroad. 2017 also happens to be the target date for the first unmanned mission for NASA's new Space Launch System and Orion capsule, which will make a loop around the moon, but our source wasn't sure whether that craft would be the one to drop the lunar rover. In fact, they suggested that instead, the rover would be deployed as part of a commercial partnership, and that the mission would "lay the groundwork for commercial lunar transport."
Private firms have been working on commercial space travel for a while, with the SpaceX Dragon capsule successfully completing its first resupply mission to the International Space Station just last month, but recently there's been some interest in space mining as well: Planetary Resources, a company backed by James Cameron, Larry Page and Eric Schmidt, plans to launch a spaceship within two years and begin mining asteroids by 2022.
When we asked NASA about the possibilities of a moon base, a representative wouldn't confirm or deny the plans. "We are pursuing a range of possible destinations on route to an eventual trip to Mars," they explained, but admitted that a lunar waypoint would be "in the range of possibilities that have been discussed" and could be "a potential stepping stone to Mars."
At present, NASA could only confirm that the Space Launch System's first unmanned mission (Exploration Mission 1) is still slated for 2017 and a second manned mission (Exploration Mission 2) with a crew of four would likely occur in 2021, that astronauts would attempt to land on an asteroid by 2025, and arrive at Mars sometime in the 2030s. NASA did caution, however, that there's no current plan to land people on the Moon itself.
"Neither EM1 nor EM2 would put boots on the surface of the Moon," NASA told us.
Chad Mumm and Michael Shane contributed to this report. | http://www.theverge.com/2012/11/9/3620540/nasa-resolve-moon-2017-obama-approve-l2-manned-space-station | dclm-gs1-151430002 | false | false | {
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Your question
Why wont bus oc work stable on my Abit KT7?
Last response: in Overclocking
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a b K Overclocking
i have an Abit KT7Raid with an Athlon 800 installed (and a Geforce2MX, 3 cdrom drives and 2 raid ibm harddrives, modem, sb live 1024 and network card).
I can easily overclock it to 1GHz with the multiplier.
But when i raise the bus speed a little bit, it will hang during games and stuff, not during benchmarking with either Sisoft Sandra 2001, BurnInTest or 3DMark 2001 (or 2000?). I ran these crash and burn in tests lots of times but they never hang. Only paint shop pro hangs when copying large images to the clipboard for instance and some games crash when the system is overclocked.
It doesn't make much of a difference if i set the bus speed to either 105, 107 or 110.
When i set the bus speed to 110, i have to set my agp timing to EA to have my geforce working and i set the i/o voltage from 3.3V up to 3.6V but still there is the occasional system crash. The CPU core voltage went up to 1.85 but still it hangs. Strange though, because i can run the processor at 1G with multiplier OC at 1.75V.
I have lots of case fans installed and huge Alpha heatsinks and even memory, videocard and northbridge coolers. I don't think it is a heat problem because the cpu doesn't go much higher that 50C or so.
Does anyone have experience with Abit KT7 overclocking? I want to know what BIOS settings will seriously improve stability without the loss of major performance. And are there some known Nvidia driver problems or DirectX 7 or 8, or windows 98 problems encountered with overclocking?
And.. Will a 5MHz Bus speed increase be noticable on a 100Mhz mobo?
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
what kind of memory do you have? Could be a memory problem. Remember, when you oc the fsb you oc the memory too. Make sure you have reputable memory and if you do check the timings on it.
Not only memory that being overclocked but also Hard disk, Video card and PCI.
Related resources
I have a KT7. It is not stable at all above 106mhz but at 106 its pretty stable. I haven't found options in a standard BIOS that provides absolute stability but setting AGP to 2X does provide a noticeably improvement with barely measureable loss in performance (about 10 points 3DMark2001).
Disabling ACPI greatly increases stability but you need a modified BIOS to do this. You can find modified BIOSes at <A HREF="" target="_new">Binary's BIOS Mods</A>. If you don't feel comfortable with this there are links at <A HREF="" target="_new">Paul's Unofficial Abit KT7 FAQ</A> where you can learn how to do the modifications yourself. The mods are just reenable options of the ABIT BIOSes that are disabled by default.
I run my Duron at 1007mhz, 106mhz FSB, memory at 141mhz, Turbo, Cas2, 4-way interleave, 4K page mode, all PCI and AGP settings to max (except AGP is at 2X, as mentioned). Fastwrites are off because my Geforce256 won't work with this enabled. (Strangely, it did work with the 10.80 detonators. No others). My voltage settings are 1.85v core (reports as 1.91 volts) and I/O voltage at 3.5. (My modem doesn't like 3.6 volts). Drivers are 4.31 4-in-1's, detonator 14.40, and 3R BIOS (but I am going back to WZb01 BIOS which seems to allow me to overclock my Geforce256 just a little higher 150/216 vs 150/212).
At these settings I have looped the 3DMark2000 demo for 24 hours, continuous.
Would you like a Quarter Pounder?
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
I haven't tried the AGP 2x yet, that might be something to try. I wanted to run my athlon 800 at 110 x 10, but i think that won't be stable at all, although it seems to be stable for a while, but there will always be the occasional crashes every now and then.
ACPI is for power management and stuff right? Well, i never intend to use that, because it is annoying and whenever i press the sleep button on my keyboard, my computer goes into a coma anyway.
Do you personally think these modified bioses are reliable?
I have tried lots of the original bios versions, and i haven't found any noticeable diferences in stability. Perhaps i should try the WZb01 bios also, because i have an Asus Geforce 2MX, which is known to be a problematic item on VIA based boards.
I have the 4.32 4in1 drivers and i have tried several ASUS-NVidia-detonator drivers. Basically they are NVidia detonator drivers, but they include the ASUS control panel and stuff.
Changing drivers and directX versions did change stability when playing Black & White and also Pro Rally 2001. But it never got perfectly stable.
How much of an performance increase did you get with 106 instead of 100 bus speed? 9.5x106 compared to 10x100 for instance.
Ii have a kt7a raid, curruntly running a 1 gig (100) at 1360 (136 x 10) I did have a few probs similar to you initially, I changed bios to 3R and had better success. it may be the memory thats your problem, have you tried running at 133 x 6 ? that way tthe rest of your system (pci etc) are still running in spec, or maybe try 8 x 100 but set your memory to host + pci, that way you memory will be running at 133, if this causes probs still then its most likely down to the ram.
Next time you wave - use all your fingers
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
I was wondering, since i have a 100MHz motherboard, what if i set the FSB to 133 and the memory to host clk only? then the AGP and PCI busses shoud get a different multiplier than with 110 and they should be in spec. Memory should also be ok at the rated 133MHz. But i don't think my 100MHz FSB Athlon would like the 133MHz FSB....
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
Ah, yea... ah... excuse me, but i too have a KT7-RAID, but i have a different story... Ive had my CPU at 115 FSB and it was hella stable, hot but stable.... i think i had it at like 7.5x115.... it was a while ago.. but it was STABLE...
My Specs:
KT7-RAID (Bios= 3C)
Tbird 850 (100x8.5) OC--> 115x8.5= 977FSB, VCore 1.85v
Load Temp= 56C (AS2 on a chrome Orb, Modified to fit KT7)
Idle= 38C
384Mb PC133 RAM (Kingston)
GeForce2 MX (eVGA..... sucky for OC Ram.... GPU clocks high though)
2 Maxtor 20Gb Striped
Netgear NIC
SB Live! Mp3
USR 56k Sporster Modem
Like I said, it was stable... nice speed too, benchmarked with the 1Ghz big boys...
Yes, I'm the BOY who got Win98 to load in under 10 sec... ah....
if you leave it set to host clk, your ram will run at the same speed as the fsb is set to, if it is set to host+pci, it will run at the fsb + pci (i.e. fsb is 100, pci is then 33, so ram runs at 133)
I'd try and boot at 133 - may or may not work, will give a better performance increase than increasing the mplier, if it dont work- nothing lost :) , I have to 100 athllon and runs happy at 133 and 136, sort of happy at 140 - the 140 prob in my case is the psu I think.
Next time you wave - use all your fingers
I forgot to mention that CPU temperature greatly effects stability. Having played around with multiple settings and speeds over the months I have found that 51 degrees is a critical temperature for my Duron. Some hot summer days have forced me to back off from my overclocking. As you probably know, each degree increase in room temperature generally causes a one dregree increase in CPU temperature.
Regarding the WZb01 BIOS. I'm sorry, I meant the modified WZb01 BIOS (with the ability to disable ACPI. Yes, power management). I also have the WZ BIOS which seems to overclock equally as well but I still think ACPI adds instability. As I said I may go back to the WZb01-mod but I will reread some of the BIOS update notes to see how important the "fixes" seem to be.
For 106mhz for 100mhz bus, you would be able measure some differences especially with memory benchmarks because at 106mhz memory is at 106+35=141mhz. At 100mhz FSB memory is at 100+33=133. With games I think you would hardly notice the difference. Most of us try to push whatever graphics card we have to the highest level of detail and the highest resolution while keep our games still playable. Doing this, performance is very dependent on the graphics card, more so than a few mhz difference on FSB speed. I'll run a few benchmarks at 100mhz FSB to confirm.
I can't help you with the ASUS vs nVidia driver thing. My Visiontek Geforce256 is an OEM card which only used nVidia drivers. The only extra feature is a DVI port which I have never been able to test since I don't have a flat-panel display.
Would you like a Quarter Pounder?
No, thank you. Just give me the BIG heatsink. It's an Athlon.<P ID="edit"><FONT SIZE=-1><EM>Edited by phsstpok on 08/30/01 09:46 AM.</EM></FONT></P>
Actually, if you set FSB to 133mhz the hstclk+PCIclk option goes away. You can only run memory synchronously at 133mhz. I'm assuming you have the KT133A chipset. 133mhz is not possible with the old KT133 chipset.
Would you like a Quarter Pounder?
Yes it does, because if you are running a 133 fsb, then host + pci would be 133+33=166, and most ram (if any) could handle that
Next time you wave - use all your fingers
I found an interesting little article at <A HREF="" target="_new">;/A>. In this article the author speaks of modifying VIAMACH.INF. The reason for doing this was to get Windows ME to load the correct VIA hardware drivers for his system instead of generic ones. It seems that even though the author loaded the 4-in-1 drivers, Windows chose to load generic drivers for Host Bridge, PCI-PCI Bridge, ISA Bridge, and Other Bridge (Power Management). After modifying VIAMACH.INF Windows correctly loaded the appropriate VIA drivers. The author claims that the suspend function now works and his system is stable.
Good reading. Here is the link.
Would you like a Quarter Pounder?
115 mhz is really impressive on a KT7-RAID. Did you have the memory speed set at HSTclk + PCIclk? If so what memory were you using that worked at 153mhz (115+38)?
Would you like a Quarter Pounder?
Kt7 uses kt133, the origional version wont go much higher than 106, as someone else said before.
Regarding dram, they have pc150 and pc166, I am running pc166cl3/pc154/cl2 server ram I got for 50 bucks, and it does 150fsb on my kt7a raid with turbo memory timings.
But yeah, origional kt7, 106 max stable, 112 max period.(some peopl can get 115 but this is uber rare.)
"Friends don't let friends buy Pentiums"
I have similar problem on my MSI K7T Pro-2A
(same chipset).
Whith Duron 700, I was able to OC fsb to 120
whithout increase in core voltage. It was rock
Now I have T-Bird 1.2 and 120 fsb is unstable
even with core voltage maxed (1.85V).
There are two things I can think of:
1st: T-bird may not be as OC-able as Duron
2nd: Power consumption may be overwelming
for 300W psu I have.
Any comments are welcome.
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
It could be a power problem because i have a bigtower full of hardware and a 300W power supply.
But wouldn't the system do a spontaneous reset when there isn't enough power, or could this also cause the system to hang?
i think i'll only go for the multiplier overclocking because this FSB stuff just won't work stable. And i'll oc my geforce2 a little bit and that will be all i guess..
i think i'll remove some of the 17 fans i have installed too...
and i am going to add 512Mb to the existing 256Mb, and i think that will cause some speed increase also, because there will be much less harddisk swapping... over here 512Mb costs only $50 or so.
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
Ok, in a desperate attempt to keep my system cool during the HOT summer months i have installed the following:
(in an AOpen BigTower case)
- two 8cm fans blowing air out at the top and keeping the 30Gig IBM RAID drives cool.
- two 8 cm fans on top of eachother sucking air in at the bottom.
- again two 8 cm fans on top of eachother just above the previous two sucking air in at the bottom.
- two 8 cm fans blowing air out through a 5,25"bay at the front to keep the cd burner cool.
- An Alpha 6035 cooler with 4800rpm fan.
- An 8cm slot cooler at the rear bottom.
- A Blue Orb on my Geforce2 MX
- Two 486 coolers on both sides of the Geforce RAM (with heatsinks)
- One 6cm Fan on the back of the Geforce 2 GPU (with heatsink).
- One 6cm fan blowing on the SDRAM (with thermaltake heatspreaders)
- One fan on the Northbridge chip.
- One 8cm fan in the power supply (standard of course)
That's all the fans i can remember putting in there...
It sounds like a thunderstorm in there...
-Oops, forgot my medication again-
<P ID="edit"><FONT SIZE=-1><EM>Edited by arien on 09/02/01 12:53 PM.</EM></FONT></P>
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
Was only laughing in recognition of having almost as many.
Medication helps :smile:
a b à CPUs
a b K Overclocking
Oh, by the way, i have two sticks of 128Mb 133MHz SDRam installed made by spectek and rated CL3. But at normal speed i can easily set them to cas2. I ran my system at 110x10 CL2 and tried lots of memory burnin programs and memory benchmarking programs, and they all ran just fine. But the problem with these programs is that you can't simulate real computer usage. Because normally you would use a lot of things at the same time, not just your memory.
Anyway, my memory seemed to do just fine at 110 + 110/3 = 146.66 MHz.
First i thought it was 110 + 33 but most programs reported 147MHz so i figured that the extra 33MHz in the bios is just a division of 3 from the motherboard speed.
Now that i am going to install the extra 512Mb of memory which probably doesn't have a brand at all (cheapo), i think i can forget about speeding up the memory...
I know that with upping the FSB, the memory, PCI and AGP bus also run faster. That's probably why my asus V7100 would only work with the manually selected EA timing. | http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/120203-29-wont-work-stable-abit | dclm-gs1-151480002 | false | false | {
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buddha express
paseo de san gabriel y del colegio, Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay
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0.96941 | <urn:uuid:9a6155a9-2ad9-4159-acc7-ca25673f3fd3> | en | 0.97656 | Subscribe Feedback English
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1 definition by Mumbo87
A person who is a smeb is a "snobby music elitist bastard", someone who takes pride that their music taste is diverse and superior than the tastes of someone with limited or bad tastes. They do not often value the opinions of people with limited or bad tastes and are sometimes verbally aggressive in enforcing their points on others. Even though it is an acronym of a series of words, it is also a word in it's own right to describe someone of such a nature.
The late BBC Radio 1 DJ, John Peel. A supporter of alternate and underground music from it's very conception who played whatever he wanted on his show without question to his musical authority. John Peel is an iconic smeb.
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2. Buttquake
Noun. The ripple effect you receive while having doggy style intercourse or slapping a hoe's ass.
I was banging Sheila the other night from behind and she had some epic buttquake.
1. Butt Quake
A fart which is so loud and powerful that it reverberates the entire area around the expeller.
Robin: Oh my God, everything in the house is shaking, it's an earth quake!
Chris: Don't worry about it, that was just a butt quake I let loose downstairs.
Local Newscaster: Today we mourn the loss of the twenty people that were killed on this day last year when an unsuspecting local man released a butt quake while on board a city bus.
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1. Jay Mohr
Jay Mohr invented the Mohr's Circle, used in engineering to find maximum stress or strain.
He is also a comedian accused of stealing other people's jokes (but the Mohr's circle is 100% his)
A funny joke-thief had a profound impact on mechanical engineering. Jay Mohr is all that and more!!
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look up any word, like yolo:
1. Wiggette
1) A stupid ass white girl who acts, talks, and dresses like she is a poor black girl from the hood and only dates black guys.
2) A stupid bitch who thinks only dating black guys will compensate for all the guys of her own race who were not attracted to her.
"Abbey turned down my friend Jonathan because he is white, even though she is white she said she only dates black guys, she is such a wiggette!"
by Chris November 17, 2004 add a video add an image
2. wiggette
A white girl who wishes she was black.
Sarah is such a wiggette; her and all of her friends wish they were black.
by rob February 16, 2004 add a video add an image
3. wiggette
Like the female version of a wigger
She was a wiggette for sure
by Christy June 01, 2003 add a video add an image
4. wiggette
A white female, around 13-17 who acts like a black girl and only dates black guys. See also wigger fwigger
Samantha was acting like a total wiggette talking all ghetto and wearing Rocawear and making out with her boyfriend Deqarius. I kicked her in the ass :)
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1. nimas za burek
when someone don't have money to buy a dough with cottage cheese.
jz bi si kupu disk - kako bos ce nimas za burek
by jakob September 07, 2004 add a video add an image
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1. taouna
A word meaning the ultimate ugly woman. The origins of this tetm come from a great village named Akaki found in the island of Cyprus.
Ise mia taouna!
Rekse ra taouna!
Panagia mou inta taouna en touti!
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look up any word, like mixie:
1. uotd
Acronym: "User Of The Day"
Bulletin board speak for guy with most posts or similar spamtastic non-achievement
"Hey I'm UOTD" (sub text aren't I a sad little bastard with no life or friends but a worn out keyboard and broadband hookup)
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0.02016 | <urn:uuid:52794e0b-9447-4d7b-95af-eda96e9ad342> | en | 0.761934 | First: Mid: Last: City: State:
People with Last Names of Kinabrew
USA-People-Search > People Directory > K > Kinabrew > Page 1
Were you hoping to locate someone with the last name Kinabrew? If you look at our results below, there are many people with the last name Kinabrew. You can restrict your people search by choosing the link that contains the first name of the person you are looking to find.
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0.200545 | <urn:uuid:3eda663c-1080-4858-83ea-686c6697e7f3> | en | 0.941966 | Showing All "Taylor Swift" Posts
Want to see how Disney animated such beautiful, snowy snow for Frozen? You can! If you watch this video! -/Film HBO might do a Napoleon (NOT Napoleon Dynamite) miniseries based on a script… Read Story »
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Well, this is exciting. After all of the anticipation over Beyonce being hired as the Pepsi spokeswoman and then Taylor Swift getting hired as the Diet Coke spokeswoman, it was excruciating to have… Read Story »
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Oh my goodness am I glad it's Friday! This gives TGIF a whole new meaning! (From Thank GIF to Thank God It's Friday.) Before we hurry off into our weekends that are apparently going to be very snowy… Read Story » | http://www.videogum.com/tag/taylor-swift/ | dclm-gs1-151690002 | false | false | {
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0.094687 | <urn:uuid:0830f1d1-099f-401e-93ca-5bb969d5b85a> | en | 0.932614 | Thornes Lane Garage in Wakefield was founded in 2009 by Mick Moate and Gareth Davies, and offers a full range of tyres, exhausts, brakes, batteries and clutches.
Thornes Lane Garage also carries out servicing and repairs to cars and light vans, and is an approved MOT testing station.
Gareth Davies and Mick Moate will be familiar faces to many motorists in the Wakefield area. They both managed and worked at Gordon's Tyres and Gordon's Auto Centres for a total of 37 years, until the group was sold to a Scottish company.
Mick Moate and Gareth Davies look forward to welcoming you to Thornes Lane Garage in Wakefield. Through their personal attention, Gareth and Mick will ensure that you receive expert work at a great price, together with a customer service that is second to none.
01924 239439
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0.022292 | <urn:uuid:8dc3eb7c-d838-4c41-930e-9346e213b07c> | en | 0.91386 | Fatal wreck happens in Worth County - WALB.com, Albany News, Weather, Sports
Fatal wreck happens in Worth County
Posted: Updated:
By Christian Jennings - bio | email
ALBANY, GA (WALB) - Deputies say a car and a tractor trailer rig just collided and at least one person is dead at Highways 133 and 112 in Southwestern Worth County.
The wreck snarled traffic for quite a while Tuesday afternoon.
While the identity of the dead person is not being published at this time, we know the identity of the semi-truck driver who was charged.
He is 61-year-old William Fishbaugh of Greenwich, Ohio. Fishbach was charged with first degree vehicular homicide, reckless driving, and running a stop sign.
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0.068047 | <urn:uuid:d2fee8fd-df1a-4be1-8cc6-1bac71c53c3b> | en | 0.860706 |
It doesn't look like an e-mail address
Tutorials 3D Graphics Tutorials 3D Transform
3D Transform
Scott Robertson Tutorials Aug 02, 2004
For this tutorial, you are going to learn a way of using the 3D Transform to create some 3d stuff.
Step 1: Open up a new 500x500 document with a white background. Now create a new layer and go to Filter > Render > 3D Transform
Step 2: In the pop up menu, click on options and uncheck show background. Press OK
image 1
Step 3: Select the cube tool (or press m), and draw a cube out on the left side of the checkered image. Now press A to select the direct selection tool. Click and hold on one of the top corners of the cube, and drag it to slant it. Create two more cubes, doing the same thing as you did to the first one.
image 2
Step 4: Press R to select the trackball tool, you will notice the background behind your cubes will turn black. Now, click and drag your mouse downwards until you have flipped the cubes over. You will know when the cubes have flipped because they will no longer be checkered, but will appear as white 3D cubes.
image 3
Step 5: Press OK to complete the 3D transform. The cubes will be created on your new layer, and you can move them around and rotate them however you like. Add a few more efects, and you can even do images like this:
3D Transform
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0.033908 | <urn:uuid:c0e6a098-f07c-4e8c-a4d2-75c21f91ec92> | en | 0.885891 | Page is a not externally linkable
- Browsers
-- Opera Browser Usage and Support
---- Opera 7.60 Preview 3 released
Hester - 9:48 am on Nov 16, 2004 (gmt 0)
Wasn't Opera working with Mozilla to standardize browser extensions?
Why would they do that? Opera doesn't use extensions.
Thread source::
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0.029279 | <urn:uuid:98375710-56e8-4fd8-b0cb-b6e262f197fa> | en | 0.962329 | Local man arrested, charged with attempted murder
Reporter- Briana Conner
MCCRACKEN COUNTY, Ky.— A local man has been arrested and charged with attempted murder.
McCracken County Sheriff's Deputies arrested 53-year-old Jeffrey Anderson after being called out to the 2700 block of Pool Road around 9:30 Saturday night.
When deputies arrived, they found Anderson on the front porch holding a knife. Deputies found the victim, 42-year-old Russell Horton, inside the house with apparent injuries to his throat.
Horton was taken to a local hospital where he received treatment for his injuries. | http://www.wpsdlocal6.com/news/ky-state-news/Local-man-arrested-charged-with-attempted-murder-201844901.html | dclm-gs1-151870002 | false | false | {
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0.025756 | <urn:uuid:78cea3af-9aed-4a58-bb26-4d74364397de> | en | 0.907942 | Variant of postpone
transitive verb postponed, postponing
1. to put off until later; defer; delay
2. to put at or near the end of the sentence: the German verb is postponed
3. Rare to subordinate
Origin: L postponere from post-, post- plush ponere, to put: see position
Related Forms:
Used by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
How would you define this word? Add your helpful comment.
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0.343063 | <urn:uuid:b9fa3bc2-e02c-42a7-a25e-54b9d0e8baea> | en | 0.945898 | Does Melrose Park (Fort Lauderdale) accept US dollars?
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Yes. Fort Lauderdale FL is in the United States.
I don't even know why you bother with this shmuck anymore. It's obvious the guy has rocks where his brain should be.
Hey Dummy, all 50 states accept dollars and none of them accept euros. Now you don't have to ask the same stupid moronic idiotic question all day long!!
No. because it's not in the US.
No wait. It is in the US. So yeah, assuming that there's someone there with a cash register. It does.
Foolproof you say? Challenge excepted.
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I think these question come from a school where the teacher asks the questions. It may be a school in the UK where students may not know the US states. Many questions can be answered in Wikipedia. But asking the questions on AOL Answers is a waste of our time. I wouldn't answer most of the ... | http://aolanswers.com/questions/melrose-park-fort-lauderdale-accept_495642938646151 | dclm-gs1-152050002 | false | false | {
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the benefits that come with it. president obama is aiming to change is with the affordable care act, more commonly known as obama care. >> the affordable care act is a fully encompassing health care act intended to provide insurance for millions of people who are not insured in america. obama as health care reform plan imposes new regulations on medical insurance companies that prevent them from dropping sick clients with pre- existing conditions. requires all americans to have health insurance or pay taxes. starting in 2014 with an individual mandates. >> another big part of obama care is to expand access to affordable health care coverage. many people who aren't -- were not covered by health care because he did their employer did not cover it or it was too expensive. >> people will believe law is unfair and unconstitutional believes everyone should have health care and have an equal opportunity to access health care. they believe the reform allure the cost of health insurance and greatly improve the economy. >> the industry in general feels that people need access to these products. the
and his brother prior to last week's deadly attack. >>> food for thought. president obama's slaft dinner dates continues tonight. this time it is with the women of the senate. how much could these meals be the ticket to some deals? no evidence yet. >>> a bonanza of second chance surprises. mark sanford blazing a trail, trying to make old faces new again. but can any of these folks actually get elected again? >>> good morning from washington. i'm chuck todd. this is your tuesday edition of "the daily rundown." it is april 23rd. right to my first reads of the morning. >>> 19-year-old dzhokhar tsarnaev who was shot in the head, neck, leg and hands according to newly released documents, has been officially charged with using a weapon of mass destruction that resulted in three deaths and more than 170 injuries. he's also been charged with malicious destruction of property by means of an explosive device resulting in death. both charges carry the death penalty as a maximum sentence. tsarnaev was read his miranda rights in a brief bedside session in the intensive care unit at boston's beth isra
is were tried in civilian courts. president obama back in 2009 said he no longer wanted to use the term enemy combatants. it's almost been removed from this administration's vocabulary even though we've heard it quite recently. we've heard this when there is a terrorist blot from conservative. they want to be sure that they're tried as an enemy combatant. not this time, and like everyone has been saying the case against this guy is so significant that they shouldn't have a hard time putting him away. >> cenk: joe, let's do it right. where they said, i didn't mirandaize him right away, and i used this public safety exception. but when the time had come, we're going to trial him in trials so liberals get off my back. >> the cynical view is is that's exactly what happened, but none of us are cynics. >> cenk: no, no. >> one thing you have to keep in mind. first, this is what conservatives do. the whole notion that this guy is some scary dude that we have to bring the full force of the law against him. this is what this arms argument does. it says that we as the united states government has
points memo. president obama gave a rousing speech in boston today saying that the city would never give into violence and the nation will never be defeated by terrorists. this time next year on the third monday in april, the world will return to this great american city to run harder than ever and cheer even louder for that 118th boston marathon fill bill nice job with that speech. yesterday the president's tone was very different. he was angry about losing the gun control legislation in the senate. as you may know that body failed to pass background checks. five democrats even voted against the new law. all of them from progun states why did the background checks fail. sane people stopped from buying guns. every sane person knows that checks will not keep guns out of the bad people. they will buy weapons illegally. if the president were really serious about protecting malcolm jenkins from gun violence he would federalize gun crimes and attach a criminal justice component to the gun check legislation. here is what mr. obama should do. registering firearms should be in this country. use
president obama's agenda. why should you relate those two guys to immigration? no, let immigration go through. i hope they have the sense of know-how that when they bring this gun bill back -- they brought the health care bill back -- that they vote right. people in this country are hurting. all these republicans do, let's stop obama. republicans, wake up to rick the 90/10 want gun control. people all around the country want to elect this president and want to get his agenda to help this country. host: we will take a look at the prospects for gun control later on this morning. let's go to virginia, the independent line. caller: i just wanted to say that immigration has long been overdue, and we should not have any reason to put it off any more than we have. fromnot see the connection boston to immigration. you can never stop anybody that is wanting to do harm. the same thing in connecticut, the newtown shootings, anything like that. it is sporadic, no matter how much legislation you have, over immigration, gun control, anything like that. i do not think we can afford to put it off any
in spring city. no one was hurt. >>> well, president obama has invited all 20 female senators to dinner at the white house tonight. it's the latest get-together scheduled by the president in an effort to find common ground with congress. no word yet on just who has rsvp'd. >>> and new york mayor michael bloomberg wants to raise the legal age to buy cigarettes from 18 to 21. it would be the strictest limit of any big city but would only affect purchases. it would not prohibit those younger from 21 from having or even smoking cigarettes. >>> no to what's moving your money. cnbc's courtney reagan is here. courtney, good morning to you. >> hi, richard. apple reports earnings today. with the stock dropping below $400 a share after peaking above 700 in september, you know it's the talk of wall street. apple still selling a record number of iphones and ipads, but growth is dropping amid competition. the fed gets seven big banks to rein in bonuses for executives who meet or exceed performance targets. "the wall street journal" reports regulars have been concerned since the financial crisis abou
, president obama promised americans, if you like your health insurance you can keep it. bill: they were smacked in 2010. we'll see whether or not it is an issue in 2014. >> thank you. bill: john fund with us here in new york today. 20 past, martha. martha: bracing for the worst but fighting back at the same time. where folks are filling sandbags around the clock right now to try to save their town from the devastating floodwaters. wait until you see the brand new pictures in on this. we've got a live report. >> we flooded five times but nothing anywhere near like this. this is the worst. money, and i avoid frustration. you'll find reviews on home repair to healthcare written by people just like you. you want to be sure the money you're about to spend is money well spent. angie's list -- reviews you can trust. with the innovating and the transforming and the revolutionizing. it's enough to make you forget that you're flying five hundred miles an hour on a chair that just became a bed. you see, we're doing some changing of our own. ah, we can talk about it later. we're putting the wonder
a visit from first lady michelle obama last week. >>> a marin running company will hold a special run tonight in honor of those affected by the boston marathon bombings. runners will leave from ross common park at 6:45 for the 2.5- mile run. they will wear blue and yellow in honor of the marathon's official colors. >>> we'll have continuing coverage of the boston marathon bombings right here on kpix 5 and kpix.com. >>> following the events in boston, san francisco's police chief is floating this idea around: put security cameras on market street. they would be used to monitor big public events and even parades. kpix 5 reporter elissa to it and joins nowiookg more. >> reporter: policeeg hr wants cameras along market street because so many of the city's big events happen right here. for example, new year's eve celebrations, the giants parade after they won the world series, the pride parade are just a few of the events that have brought huge crowds to market street. there are already private cameras along here. but chief suhr wants more. at a roundtable meeting today he planned to sugg
, there is no limitation. president obama says this. some members of my party say the battle has no geographic limitations, and the laws of war apply. it's important to know that the law of war that they're talking about means no due process. boyleston street sure looked -- "i quote from the" wall street journal "editorial." boyleston street sure looked like a battlefield on monday and so did watertown on thursday night. the artificial distinction arises from undue focus on geography. the vital distinction for public safety is between common criminals who deserve due process protections and enemy combatants at war with the united states wherever they are. as for due process, the greatest danger to liberty would be to allow more such attacks that would inspire an even greater public backlash against muslims or free speech or worse. the antiterror types on the left and g.o.p. senators who agree that the u.s. isn't part of the battlefield are making the united states more vulnerable. americans erupted in understandable relief and gratitude on friday with the rapid capture of the terrorist brothers, but we sh
hearing on the obama administration's controversial drone program. lawmakers wanting to know more about who our government is targeting and killing. a retired air force colonel set to testify joins us live ahead. jon: the boston tere owe attacks may complicate efforts to a bi-partisan immigration reform proposal. the bombing suspect received asylum in the u.s. more than ten years ago. republican law mangers like senator rand paul are urging caution on changing immigration laws right now. senator paul writing to senate majority leader harry reid, quote we should not proceed tpwh-l we understand the specific failures of our immigration system. why did the current system allow two individuals to immigrate to the united states from a chechen republic of russia who committed acts offer to reus eupl. were there any save guards? could this ha been prevented, dores the immigration laws before prevent this? jay carney was asked about this at the press wraoefg. >> do you think rand paul has a point at all that what happened in boston reflects something wrong with the current system of immigration
of president obama's signature healthcare reform law a train wreck. before you scream who is this guy, remember he did help ride the affordable care act. leads hit to mike dennison. mike, thank you for joining us in "the war room"." >> glad to be here. >> michael: mike, tell us what is the buzz in montana about why matt baucus is actually stepping down? >> well, i think baucus, he's 71-year-old, and we're thinking a year or two ago why would this guy one to aren't again and put himself through the mill. highways been there for 40 years. why would he step down? baucus is a political animal. he is always raising money. even today it was a surprise, i don't think it's a total surprise that max wouldn't say enough is enough. let's call it quits and give people time to run for my seat if they so choose. >> michael: if that wasn't a total surprise, in light of this is is it a surprise the way he voted on the gun bill. >> well, i'm not surprised at all. any democrat in montana is not going to be voting for gun control. john tester did vote for one little piece of that gun control bill on the backgroun
to stay indoors. district in chechnya. president obama has been ti esident to russian president obama praised the close cooperation that the united states has received from russia concluding in the wake of the boston attack. the white house statement said the two leaders agreed to continue cooperation on counter terrorism and security going forward. next remark by secretary of state john kerry and mexico's foreign secretary. then the annual state department report on human rights released. after that is a senate hearing n immigration legislation. secretary of state john kerry and mexican foreign secretary jose antonio meade met to discuss foreign relations. before we begin, i want to just say that as a father and grandfather, my thoughts are of course in my hometown right now, boston, where events are still unfolding and the entire city is on lockdown. ctinuintoearn eve nt autheack on monday and the pursuit of justice following it. it is fair to say that this entire week we have been in a pretty direct confrontation with evil. i want to congratulate and thank all of the law enforcemen
.s.-mexican relations monday at an event hosted by the new policy institute. president obama is scheduled to visit mexico in may, where he will meet with the newly- elected mexican presidents. this is one hour, 25 minutes. >> welcome, everybody. we will begin. thank you for coming. if i can ask all of your potato chip bags be discreet in the way you eat them and the up with it -- obligatory notice of tournament -- turning off the ringers on your mobile phones, but encouraging u.s. the same time to plead as much as you want under the hashtag we are using today. i am the president of the policy institute. we have an extraordinary -- nel da i am hst twelcomehe new ambassador from mexico to the united states, who has already become a good friend to many here in washington. and just to introduce what we do here. we are a small, independent think-tank. hereve had a project called the 21st century border initiative for three years now. we have been trying to tell a simple story to policy-makers in washington, which is that, because of an increase investment, better strategy, and greater cooperation betwe
ricin- tainted letters to president obama and a senator was released on bond today. paul kevin curtis went free a day after an f.b.i. agent testified that authorities found no incriminating evidence at his home. >> the last seven days staring at four gray walls like "green, green grass of home" not really knowing what's happening and not having a clue why i'm there, just being in a state of overwhelmd is the best way i can describe it. when you've been charged with something and you just -- you never heard of ricin or whatever. i thought they said rice and i said "i don't even eat rice." >> sreenivasan: meanwhile, federal agents searched the home of a second mississippi man today. and another package, possibly containing ricin, was found at a military mail facility in washington. the two suspects accused of plotting to derail a passenger train in canada had their initial court appearances today. both men denied the allegations, and one said he has been unfairly accused. canadian investigators say the pair received "direction and guidance" from al-qaeda elements in iran. but a spokesma
magazine unleased its 100 most influential people list of all time and president obama is on for the fourth time mischel obama, and kim junk un lindsey vonn make the list but her boyfriend, tiger woods did not. chris christie is on that too by the way. >> bill: all right. thank you, dan. what an extraordinary weekend. the lockdown was announced during the show, and we were sure that by the end of the show, that would have him, right? because they had that horrible crime scene thursday night when they thought they had robbed the 7-eleven. it turned out they didn't rob the 7-eleven but they were there at the time. and then they shot and killed senselessly it seems this officer. they hijack the car take off with this guy, go from atm to atm, big up $800, thrown him out of the car. he very cleverly -- i give him credit for doing it appropriately -- left his cell phone in the car so the police were able to track his car to watertown, one brother is killed, and the other brother goes on the lam. and that's when thigh lockdown the city. it went on and on
during your open periods. >> the obama administration has chosen to survive the suspect in the boston marathons in a civil trial. did they do the right thing? 90 seconds, sir. >> i believe that president obama and his justice department are completely committed to ensuring that justice is done in this case. all voted president obama last week. he said that justice would be done in this case. if in the opinion of president obama and his justice department, the proper place for prosecution is here in the federal district court system of the state of massachusetts, i believe that the court system here in massachusetts can provide that kind of a venue in order to hear this case. i defer to president obama. i defer to his justice department. if in their judgment, this is the proper place in order to conduct that trial. >> thank you, sir. mr. lynch, 90 seconds. >> i think we have sufficient laws in our criminal system to prosecutor terror its, number two if you will. i think the effort to classify baptsant. nemy com i've been to gitmo and i've been involved in the process of trying to find
to michelle obama for raising the national conversation about obesity and health and nutrition. on the one side. on the other hand, too, these products are so compelling. i like to call them the foods we hate to love because, you know, it's hard to talk about something that you love to eat in negative, in negative tones. >> host: michael moss, what was the reception from the food companies when you approached them about "salt sugar fat"? >> guest: i think that they were actually -- i mean, i was surprised by how willing they were to talk to me. and i started off with a trove of internal documents which helped tremendously. these thousands and thousands of pages put me at the table as the largest companies were plotting and planning and formulating their way to creating new products. those documents enabled me to convince their top scientists, marketing officials, ceos in some cases to talk to me and reveal even more secrets. and so -- and i was really surprised by how many companies have a cabal of insiders who are genuinely concerned about obesity and health issues associated with their p
graduate student lu lingzi was set for this evening. back in washington, president obama also observed a moment of silence at the white house as did the u.s. senate. but tempers flared earlier at a senate hearing. iowa senator chuck grassley was one of several republicans who've said the bombings, allegedly by two chechen immigrants, raise questions about immigration reform. >> i think we're taking advantage of an opportunity where once in 25 years we deal with immigration to make sure that every base is covered. >> brown: that sparked a heated exchange between grassley and new york democrat chuck schumer. >> i say that particularly those who are pointing to what happened, the terrible tragedy in boston, as i would say an excuse for not doing a bill or delaying it many months and years. >> i never said that. >> i didn't say you did sir. >> i didn't say anything about... >> i didn't mean you, mr. grassley. >> those remarks were not aimed at anyone on this committee or the three witnesses. there are people out there; you've read it in the newspapers; they've said it. >> brown: there were
performed by national captioning institute] >> next on c-span, president obama joins the intith rvice fobost victims. andhe sea for suspects on the boston bombing. later, the senate so-called gang of eight hold a news conference on the immigration proposal. after that, senators introduce their own immigration proposal. coming up on the next "washington journal" rebecca journalrom the national talks about the immigration legislation put out by the so- called gang of eight. and the look at the developments following the boston bombings. our guest is colonel randall larsen. reader, an examination of trends in renting and homeownership in the u.s. -- later, an examination of trends in renting and homeownership in the u.s. liveington journal" is every morning at 7 a.m. eastern on c-span. patrick donahue talks about financial issues facing the post office. he is the featured speaker at the national press club on friday. live at 1 p.m. eastern on c- span 2. >> when the war began, congress came into session in july and it issued a statement known as the clinton resolution. it articulated the consens
discretion to certify when this is substantially complete. president obama states it in a speech in the past though that he believed the border fence was basically complete. if you determine little or no additional fencing is necessary, what do think we this initial certify that it has been completed? is passed as it is think we written, i will move very quickly. we have sector by sector technology plans. we have not been sitting back waiting for a bill to pass. very quickly. >> do you believe the discretion could permit you to make a finding that is complete without building any additional fencing? right now the border patrol has done an extensive study of where fencing make sense across the southwest border. there were 653 miles. we would go back and look at the kind of fencing is. he can do this for humanitarian purposes to ensure family unity. in what situations which you think about granting the waiver? caveat on myo have the answers. see that there would be considerations based on the aid of a conviction, whether the individual was the primary wage , ther for the family record sent a p
at the white house, that president obama was hurt, immediately this happened a little after 1:00. i don't know if you can see this, we printed out this chart, you can see what happened here, just around 1:15 when the tweet went out, the market fell, the market fell over 100 points, 133 points to be exact. dipped into the negative. that happened within seconds. within seconds that drop happened. and then ap sent out another tweet saying that they were hacked, and then you saw the market immediately shoot back up. it was a total 180, the market went from negative all the way to positive, over 100 points again within minutes. very dramatic whiplash kind of move. shows you in the age of computerized trading how wall street can react to a tweet that is read around the web. >> boy, oh, boy, alison, such a look at how in the digital age everything moves so quickly. you have to be right about your information. thank you for telling us that. appreciate it. >>> back to boston now, where a short time ago doctors upgraded the surviving suspect's condition from serious to fair. now, it is not easy for the
are being security purposes. i hope the obama administration will allow us that option that exists in our law. they have a very bad track record here. >> the white house telling reporters it would try the younger brother in federal court and that no options were considered. >> this is a matter that's decided by the department of justice and the attorney general, obviously at the top, the whole national security team supports this decision. >> military trial was not an option in this case because the 19-year-old is an american citizen. even if it provided more information about his brother who was killed last week. shep. >> shepard: catherine herridge in washington. catherine, thank you. that criminal complaint details the suspect's serious injuries. gunshot wounds to the head, the throat, the legs, and the hand. investigators say it appears the suspect shot himself as swat teams closed. in a possible attempt to kill himself they say. today, officers said he was in very bad shape by the time they took him down. >> moving up to the boat, he was actually laying down on the side of the boat.
obama's stamp of approval. latest with the man leading the fight in canada, and is apple rotten? latest earnings report two hours ago with enough to turn the stock around. details ex-. -- details next. ♪ [ male announcer ] with free package pickup from the united states postal service a small jam maker can ship like a big business. just go online to pay, print and have your packages picked up for free. we'll do the rest. ♪ gerri: apple shares falling slightly after being up by 6% at one point after they announced earnings, and after the tech giant released its much anticipated second quarter earnings report beating expectation on top and bottom line, good news for shareholders, the company will return a hundred billion dollars to them by the end of 2015. joining me, all things digital senior editor, welcome back. it's always good to see you. >> good to see you. gerri: it's a positive report. there was, you know, people were reading fine print. what do you say? >> well, i think what people pay attention to is the forward gyps, just also remember apple generally always gives conservat
to president obama, vice president biden for their leadership and standing strong and continuing to fight for a safer america. i would like to say they're see forhank you to the senators legislation that would keep guns out of hand and save lives. they stood by us right from the beginning. they were with us. we will not be defeated. we are not defeated. we will not be defeated. we are here now. we will always be here. we have no other choice. we are not going away. every day more people are killed in this country because of gun violence. our determination grows stronger. we leave washington hoping that others, both here and across the country, will join us in making the sandy hook promise. i pledge that we have great hope that more senators will take literally. i would like to end i repeating the sandy hook thomas begins, our hearts are broken. our spirits is not. thank you. it is now my great pleasure to introduce the president of the united states of america, barack obama. >> good job. , in few months ago response to too many tragedies, including the shootings of a u.s. congressman, gab
the obama administration changed the way the war is prosecuted. ordering the pentagon who stop using the term global war on terror. instead calling it an overseas contingency operation. the president's current cia director raised eyebrows when he declared jihad is not necessary lay bad thing. >> as americans, we refuse to live in feemplet nor do we describe our enemy as jihadists or islamists because jihad is a holy struggle a legitimate tenet of islam. >> our president says we have a war on al qaeda not a war on terror. >> that's ridiculous. this is ideologically based war which ideology that unfortunately emerges from a religion. >> critics say it comes down to semantics whether the administration considers this a war, involving enemy combatants or a law enforcement challenge. bret? >> bret: jennifer griffin live at the pentagon. thank you. much more on all of this with the panel tonight, an expanded panel. president obama will attend a memorial service thursday for the victims of the west texas fertilizer plant explosion. 14 people were killed in last week's blast and dozens more
by the associated press claimed there were explosions at the white house and president barack obama was injured. stocks tumbled briefly at the news. but bounded back after a-p said it's twitter account was hacked. here are the final numbers. the dow added 152 points. the nasdaq rose 35 points. and the s-and-p 500 rose 16 points. >> i think it's game changer. if your small business, you don't wanna see this in any way, shape or form. the supreme court said that if you do an internet transaction he did not have to collect taxes. for local government is a decision that will hopefully pool and $23 billion in state local taxes. there's pros and cons. i will still shop online, because i hate people. bipartisan support and the white house said if you pass it, we will approve it. it's more so the matter of when and not if. ming out wir quarterly earnings. >> they don't have a lot of competition. the department of justice have approved mergers that she wouldn't have thought would be passed. the roots are going to be more and more eliminated. they're charging full price and they're not discounting to com
, the obama administration could step in and make adjustments and a lot of people hinting that politics are already being played. several people from the obama administration are saying pressure the faa. tell them you want them to find a different way to balance their budgets. it doesn't have to be by putting these workers on furlough. they could tighten their other budget considerations. we'll see what happens when it really gets busy. ken bastida, kpix 5. >>> the next time you're getting ready to travel, you can check the status of your flight on our website, kpix.com. >>> federal officials are delaying a policy that would allow small knives, bats and other sports equipment on planes. the tsa says that the policy change has been delayed to accommodate feedback from an advisory committee made up of aviation industry, consumer and law enforcement officials. the change was to go into effect thursday. >>> coming up in our next half hour, another terror plot this time targeting mass transit. where the suspects allegedly planned to bomb a train and their ties to al qaeda. >> everyone that s
. >>> president obama will head to texas to visit the town where a deadly explosion happened last week. a fertilizer plant blew up in west, texas killing 14 people and destroying about 50 homes. more than 200 people were injured. on thursday, mr. obama will view the damage and then attend a memorial service at a college in nearby waco. >>> 4:48 now. more earnings reports will come out today including apple, at&t and delta airlines. nearly one-third of the companies in the s&p will report the results by the end of the week. the reports have been pretty good so far. on wall street the dow reversed its early slide and gained 19 points yesterday. nasdaq climbed 27. >>> your automated teller machines, atms, might become more versatile soon. some of the nation's largest banks are testing machines to let customers actually have a live video chat with the teller and receive exact changes. the new atms will also allow you to split deposits between accounts and make loan and edit card payments, as well. > your ne purchase could cost you more. a proposed sales tax would demand online retailers wi
president obama observed the moment, traders on wall street joined him as well. silence for the three whose lives were taken in the bombing, krystle campbell, martin richard and lingzi lu as well as for fallen m.i.t. police officer sean collier, gunned down thursday night allegedly during the suspects' flight to watertown. we honor them all tonight as we have this past week. a short time ago, people gathered on the boston university campus as well to remember lingzi lu, who came here from china to pursue a graduate degree in applied math. her family says that while she was here, she fell in love with this city. tonight, this city returned that love. we also honor the bravery of a young woman i spoke to, a dancer who lost a foot and part of her leg in the bombings but vows tonight she will dance again. you'll hear from her when we visit her in her hospital room and her husband as well. there's also late word on the terror plot that authorities in canada say they have broken up. we begin, though, with a very full day here in boston and our "360's" randi kaye. >> reporter: exactly one week aft
that obama was waging in so forth and so on and the reality is, the first amendment didn't emerge from the east though. it wasn't some intellectual exercise. it was, as were the other amendments, the constitution itself specific response to specific historical events. in this book really goes into many of those events and supportive grew into the first amendment later. but, as a writer, a thing to try to prevent writing the president into the past to have to be aware of the biases and as amy said, you may not have to hide them necessarily but you have to be aware of them, referring to the fact that i was a football coach and i did that for a few years after he dropped out of my ph.d. program in history. and i was a defensive coordinator at a small college and i was on the defense that has sort of the built-in weakness. it was great in many places but there was an area of the defense that we were outnumbered by the offensive players. we were on the defense anyway and actually we were quite successful but we knew that. every single day we practiced so weakness would not kill us and every
organizations, sending the storm plunging at the associated press. they said president obama was injured. the account was suspended and the dow plunged after the tweet by 130 points before quickly rebounding on word that it was a hacking. >> a man arrested in canada on suspicion of planning to attack a passenger train traveling from the united states to canada, made the first court appearance. the 35-year-old did not enter a plea during the brief appearance in toronto, and the other suspect will appear before a judge if montreal tomorrow. law enforcement officials say the suspects intended to plant bombs to destroy the tracks, derailing the canadian trains which partners with amtrak to provide service between canada and new york. it is the first plot tied to al qaeda to target canada. >> new this morning, officials in libya are looking for whoever is behind a deadly car bomb that exploded just outside the french embassy in tripoli. the explosion killed two french guards and a libyan teen. libya and france have condemned the attack. >> oakland police want to fine the person who spray pain
, breaking, two explosions in the white house and barack obama is injured. white house spokesman jay carney told reporters soon after the bogus tweet that the president was fine. the ap confirmed that its twitter account had been suspended following the hack while it works to correct the issue. >>> the dow actually turned negative after the twitter hoax. but it quickly recovered. stocks are higher today across the board with all key s&p sectors in positive territory. as you take a look right there, up 135. good day. >> looking good. >>> a bill making its way through the na could make tax-frhopping the internet a thing of the past. the proposed tax would demand that online retailers tax you. california is among states that already have similar laws and the bill is being backed by the national retail federation. they say it would make the playing field even between brick and mortar stores and their online competition. >>> sharing passwords is oh, too common when it comes to a free ride for pay per view providers like hbo and netflix but should you be worried? kpix 5 consumerwatch reporter jul
's platform for economic growth stand out from countries all around the world. president obama's 100,000 strong in the americas initiative will create even more opportunity for students over the course of the next years. finally, we know we have a responsibility to continue to address our security challenges. tore going to continue affect close security cooperation, respect for human and civil rights. we understand those are deeply enshrined in both u.s. and mexican constitutions. at citizen security is critical to e ople of both of our countries. it's really good to welcome you here to washington. i look forward to our conversation. i know president obama is very much looking forward to his trip to mexico in may and meeting with the president. there we will be able to solidify some of the things we're talking about today. welcome to washington. thank you for the extraordinary partnership that we share. >> thank you, sir. good morning, ladies and gentlemen. allow me to express once again the solidarity of the people and government of mexico with united states, with the horrific incid
the president obama's continued engagement in the libyan hostility. apparently contrary to the war powers resolution, which thinks is constitutional but as he told my class, he said but it's not constitutional as to all applications. and apparently the obama administration felt it would be unconstitutional for congress to provide too many limits on the president's power to conduct hostilities against libya. now where those are we don't really know. so the commander-in-chief clause is actually a very important constitutional provision. and logan's project i think is the first one to actually give it some legal purchase. what might've been the official meaning of the commander-in-chief clause. because windows was drafted at philadelphia, i think the only commander-in-chief bid on was george washington. they certainly did not have george iii in mind. they did not have even governors in mind. governors were also the heads of the militias in various states. those also not their goal. but instead their model, if they had one, they probably did, was george washington. one of the many things loga
to legal counsel when you're being questioned for national security purposes. so i hope the obama administration will allow that exception and they have a very bad track record here. >> the white house telling reporters it would try tsarnaev in federal court and no other options were considered. >> this is matter decide ode by the attend of yates and the attorney general. the whole national security team supports this decision. >> to bring it down for you, the confusion comes over the venue. there is no way under the military commissions act to try an american citizen at the military courts in guantanamo bay, but if a sed threshold of evidence was met, if there was evidence that the brothers were directed by a foreign terrorist organization that would call for enemy combatant status. >> we have been talking about the trip to russian that the older suspect took. it's my understanding you learn more about the trip. >> fox news was told that russia's equivalent othe fbi isn't a letter to the bureau claiming the older brother was a believer in radical islam and traveled to join an ext
letters sent to president obama and mississippi senator roger wicker, today the attorney for the suspect arrested last week reports the client is now out of jail. and sources are telling fox news the fbi is investigating whether somebody else may have for example -- framed him. the feds arrest is this guy last week in mississippi, an hour north or so of tupelo. right up on the tennessee state line. stood accused of mailing letters tainted with the deadly poison ricin to these two, the president, and senator roger wicker and a local judge. now he is a free man. let's start with the senate majority leader reid there's been another incident. >> ent know a whole lot. the story is moving in number of different directions at the same time, if there is another letter, not a surprise. if it's connected with the original three letters, during an initial appearance for kevin crore tis, u.s. concerns were saying there may be a fourth letter out there. apparently, according to senator harry reid was at bolling air force base, just south of washington, dc. here's what the senator said. >> we have had
is to kill them overseas before they get here. i think president obama has been doing a pretty good job of that in the past few years. immigration is a very complex issue. that is my basic take on that. the: colonel larsen, one of earlier caller talked about the family of the suspect. the ap said it talk to the father of the two young men. the father of the suspects in the boston marathon bombing said his son on a list is a smart and accomplished young man. smart on the loose is a and accomplished young man. that is from the associated press, who reached the father of the two suspects in russia. call is from it in maryland. would like to i thank the colonel for his service. i wanted to ask the -- asking a question concerning terrorism and its definition. i believe political terrorism, of course, is widely known and accepted. but there is also secular terrorism, as shown in bosnia, alsoxample, and probably institutionalized care as we experienced in nazi germany and bosnia recently. i would like your comments on that. guest: i have been doing some work with survivors of the siege and the
plan to strike over job cuts and increasing pay. at uc. >>> president obama will honor a prayer finalist up for teacher of the year. she teaches english at frick middle school in oakland. later on in the day, she will join other teachers at the white house. the fellow teachers say they admire how she traps forms her high school into high expectations. >>> in a few months, new bike lanes will open on september 3rd. part of the new bike lines are blocked by the old span so they will not be fully accessible until 2015 when the old span is torn down. >>> all right. 7:24. sal is back and you know all about the south bay, don't you? >> yeah. we're looking at slow traffic. northbound on 280. i want to point it out to you. we saw it last time on our cameras. backed up to downtown. you can see that as well. it's going to be quite a slow traffic there but it's also slowing down on northbound 101 as you can see from the road sensors there. if you are driving on the peninsula, there's not a bad commute but southbound 101 is getting busier. 237 is getting slow traffic from downtown milpitas
of governor kristy of new jersey and president obama embracing a few days before the election. [inaudible] it was the melting of the arctic sea ice that actually brought them together. [laughter] [applause] indicating the implication for the american political system. but the third reason, of course, the enormous resources in the arctic. it has been estimated that about a quarter of the -- [inaudible] energy resources can be found within the arctic. in addition to various min lal -- mineral and other important item for a professional 21st century economy. it's one of the reasons why the prime minister of south korea visited grown land last -- greenland last year with a long list of global corporation wanting to engage in formal agreement with the new government in greenland. so for all of these reasons, that and many others, the arctic has become the political strategic with economic feel good of the 21st century. but we should know something and remember that within the arctic, there are people who have lived there for thousands of years. people who have made the arctic the neighborhood
. >> pam: next. president obama is turning his attention to last week'sthe white house announced today that president obama will go to waco, texas on the nearby town of west, partly leveled by a just two days after the boston terror attack. the blast killed at least 14 people, including one third of the city's first responders. schools reopened today in students getting a hug from teachers and staff as a struggles to recover. we're all family. we know each at a relief station set up to help those who lost their is coping with the flood of donations. this is a typical west or should i say texas. 'cause if it had been somewhere else we would have beenover the weekend, some residents were allowed through the roadblocks surrounding the blast area. there is limited access to water, electricity and natural gas at this time. a immediately. investigators say they have pinpointed "we do have a large crater. and you guys have seen photos of some of that, i'm sure. but we do have a the explosion, caught on a cell phone camera could be north side of the house are"my ambulance station just from the
it up with obama. >> if you start to torture an american citizen for committing a domestic crime in america, you are crossing the rubicon. >> can i ask you a question? what would you do if you were given the opportunity? if osama bin laden, if you had 30 minutes in the room, would you play cards with osama bin laden? >> let me put this to you. >> no. you answer this. if you met this scumbag -- >> i'm doing the interview. >> if you met these scumbag before he killed these people and turned people into amputees, what would you do, play cards? maybe i should say it in a british accent. this man killed innocent men, women and children. >> can you stop being such a jerk? >> what would you do? you get paid for it. i would give you a taste of your own medicine. >> you tweeted this to the world. i'm curious what you think. your behavior so far has been really offensive. >> because you don't like it when you don't have another bobblehead you can beat up and treat like a coward? the reality is these men killed innocent men, women and children. as a red-blooded american, i say who out there
that this administration did early on, and the obama administrations continued a lot of the national security policies in the bush administration, to be clear. but they did establish this high value interrogation target group where we've got high value interrogation subjects, and they have a team that they keep very secret and under wraps that they sort of fly in to do, conduct the most important interrogations. and we have been told that they will be leading the interrogation of the boston suspect. how will that team approach interrogating this young man? >> i think they will do it like any fbi agent or any law enforcement individual will do it. these individuals are trained to collect intelligence from detainees. but also on the same time now we have a suspect who already was read his miranda rights. he already have a lawyer present. and i don't think that should affect any trained interrogator, any trained interviewer in doing their job. we have been doing this for many, many years. we did it against terrorist suspects, organized crimes, people who are charged with treason, spies, and it always wor
of global warming the unusual photograph of president obama and governor right before the election. in the united states there's a large contingent of climate change doubters. what do you say to that part of the tows persuade them that climate change is real? >> would be take a look at me. i'm the picture of obama and governor chris christie. [laughter] because according to the ground rules of u.s. presidential campaigns, such an embrace three days before election day was an absolute taboo. and talk to the people new jersey or new york that had their homes destroyed and their communities destroyed due to the extreme weather events. look up on the map side, the report of china in january or february. one example, just to give you a visual image is the melting of the arctic sea ice in my part of the world. the consequence -- [inaudible] so whether we call it climate change or not, that's a political concept, which i know has positive or negative connotations, but the ice melting is a reality. and the consequences of the ice melting in my part of the world is extreme weather in united
to remember the victims. >> president barack obama marked the moment with a moment of reflection in the oval office. here our alicia sylvester explores the moment of science and the unity seen in the city of boston. >> reporter: sometimes grief has no words. 2:50 p.m., exactly one week on the massachusetts state house steps. to the new york stock exchange, to the senate floor in washington. on ordinary streets, to the marathon route where instead of cheers and smiles of a runner crossing the finish line, there is silence. to the flowers and flags, the signs of "boston strong," to the spot where last week two bombs took three lives. to a place where the quiet says more than words can ever say. for one long minute, the country is silent and remembers and begins to heal. and when the moment is over, there is this. ♪ god bless america [ applause ] >> lisa sylvester, cnn. >>> the city of boston united there and the people of boston also took another step toward healing on monday. [ bagpipes ]. >> this was the ceremony at the site of the deadly bombings on boylston street. federal authorities tu
. >> misty's a mother of five. she was racing to evacuate when the explosion hit. president obama will attend a memorial service on thursday for the 14 people who lost their lives. 12 of those victims were first responders. >>> a fugitive who replaced osama bin laden on the fbi's most-wanted list is now under arrest. former washington, d.c. elementary schoolteacher eric justin toth was captured in nicaragua. he's accused of producing child pornography. he was fired amid allegations that he hid a camera in a boy's bathroom at the exclusive school where he taught third grade. >>> two years after a sexting scandal cost him his job, anthony weiner is back on twitter. it was this half-naked picture that led to the downfall of the new york congressman. a link to a policy statement on new york city. >>> former south carolina governor mark sanford not apologizing for getting caught going out of the back door of his ex-wife's home in february. using his cell phone as a flashlight. in a newspaper ad, he addressed the accusations of trespassing. saying he entered the home because, quote, he didn't think
. it is not easy being consoler in chief. president obama has had to play that role one too many times. he does it well. what disturbs me is our collective reluctance to take on the disturbed whether homegrown or not. when you kill innocent people are you a terrorist. you terrorize. you are terrifying. i think terrorist is a leap too few take, especially in the media, because too many find the word terrorist too much to take. i understand the fear that we do not want to paint whole peoples with the same brush, but i do find it a little odd we have no such trouble painting the well to do with the whole fat cat brush or those who question climate change with the whole ignorant fringe brush. that's another brush. that's another issue. here is my issue, when you call someone a terrorist, you are not saying they are al-qaeda or chechen or basque separatist or any separatist. you say thought who kill innocent civilians automatically makes them terrorists. we are good people. we are a very good people. we are trying to be nice and diplomatic, but we are dealing with savages who would sooner see us nic
of president obama visit earlier this month. he was the star attraction at 2 private fundraisers there. david sxwlains the city says it's owed money. >> this is not the fears time that he has sent out bills to cover expenses when dignitary comes to town. but response is always the same. >> great to have dignitary like that coming through your community. you should be welcoming the visit as opposed to asking reimburse many no. we won't reimburse you for the expense. >> wealthy residents living on spacious states behind walls and gates. they gave almost sex and half million dollars to political causes parties and candidate. but the town argument for reim pwurments is tiny size and limited police force. >> we have sergeant and couple officers day shift. we have an event like this come through. that diverts those officers from the regular schedule duties. we have to call in in personnel for over time. that's impact on logical pwinlt. >> bills go out to the whooes white house national committee and 2 residents who hosted the fundraiser. we contacted the white house that referred us to the s
paused to remember the victims. >> president obama also paid tribute observing the moment of silence at the white house. >>> friends, family a total strangers packed a boston university ball room to >>> on the massachusetts state house steps to the new york stock exchange, to the senate floor in washington, on ordinary streets, to the marathon route where instead of cheers and smiles of a runner crossing the finish line there, is silence. to the flowers and flags, the signs of "boston strong" to the spot where last week two bombs took three lives. to a place where the quiet says more than words can ever say. for one long minute, the country is silent and remembers and begins to heal. and when the moment is over, there is this. ♪ god bless america [ applause ] of thousands of dos in hidden fees on their 401(k)s?! seriously? seriously. you don't believe it? search it. "401(k) hidden fees." then go to e-trade and roll over your old 401(k)s to a new e-trade retirement account. we have every type of retirement account. none of them charge annual fees and all of them offer low cost inves
straight ahead. the obama administration making the flying public feel the pain of the scare-quester. is the president hoping the anger will be directed by the flying public at republicans? stu varney will join in on ♪ [ man ] excuse me miss. [ gasps ] this fiber one 90 calorie brownie has all the deliciousness you desire. the brownie of your dreams is now deliciously real. over our secure network, verizon innovators are building a world of medical treatment data in the cloud. so doctors can make a more informed diagnosis from anywhere, in seconds rather than months. because the world's biggest challenges deserve even bigger solutions. powerful answers. verizon. ♪ right. but the most important feature of all is... the capital one purchase eraser. i can redeem the double miles i earned with my venture card to erase recent travel purchases. d with a few clicks, this mission never happened. uh, what's this button do? [ electricity zaps ] ♪ you requested backup? yes. yes i did. what's in your wallet? >>gretchen: if you're just waking up, 24 minutes after the top of the hour
and obama administration. and michael good to have you here, ed thank you. that is it for us, thank you for being with us, tomorrow vocal critic of the "gang of 8 lamar smith will join us, god night from new york. neil: high-tech, got them in boston. high-tech might have flew warted a terror attack that could have killed a lot more in canada and new york. do you think that priva concerns such technology raises will be reined in by these guys? not now, maybe not ever. because see those cameras following your every move? just smile. keep on moving. because they are staying. welcome i'm neil cavuto, dzhokhar tsarnaev is in a hospital alive. because not only did cameras catch him in the a but a thermal image caught him hides after the act. they might have contributed to keepining the body count down. look at what the fancy gadgets pick up when they are snooping, is answer suck it up? let's just say a week after boston no one is talking pvacy anything in washington. happy we're told we can get our lives back, i am not so happy we're being just as scrutinized we do. a look at whether scot
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0.513434 | <urn:uuid:a0a42631-a532-4c19-aa20-1740640d4885> | en | 0.938797 | Абонирай се Bulgarian
търсене на която и да е дума, например tittybong:
Verb that expresses the concept that the act of talking about a phenomenon changes the phenomenon. For example, if you see a squirrel come within 5 feet of where you are sitting, and you attempt to alert your companions, the act of alerting them will scare off the squirrel.
Taken from Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, which holds that it is not possible to know with certainty both the position and the momentum of a particle. The act of measuring either variable changes the other.
Dude, I would have shown you the squirrel, but I was afraid that I would have heisenberged it.
от maryfield 26 януари 2006
130 28
v. To be one-upped in a normally confident situation so badly that the only possible course of action is to accept defeat and walk away.
1: "Man the music at this party sucks!"
2: "Yeah well it's my house, if you don't like it you can leave."
3: "Heisenberg that hoe!"
Ex: To Heisenberg your mother in law.
от BreakingBadIsHardToDo 31 май 2009
44 49
The last great German airship of the 1930's. It crashed because they could say where it was, or how fast it was going, but never both at the same time........
A Physicist's joke, based on a combination of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and the German airship Hindenburg.
"He's had three beers at lunchtime and now he's wandering round the office like the Heisenberg."
от eighthofseven 23 октомври 2007
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Page: 1 2
Series: Evolution Basics (39 entries)
Origins News Round-up for January 17, 2014
Origins News Round-up for January 3, 2014
Origins News Round-up for December 6, 2013
Why the Church Needs Multiple Theories of Original Sin
Series: The Human Fossil Record (16 entries)
Humanity as and in Creation
Denisovans, Humans and the Chromosome 2 Fusion
The Denisovans, an extinct hominid group that interbred with modern humans, made the news again lately with the publication of a more detailed study of their genome. One of the many interesting findings was that the Denisovans share the same chromosome 2 fusion that modern humans have.
Being Human (Infographic)
The BioLogos Forum is pleased to present this infographic about the current anthropological understanding of human evolution, which takes into account research into both physiological and cultural developments among our ancient ancestors.
What scientific evidence do we have about the first humans?
Adam's Dream
While the specific “how” of our being made into the image of God will probably always remain a mystery, the Bible and creeds are clear on the “why” of our creation: we were made to worship the Lord, and be in relation with Him and each other.
How does original sin fit with evolutionary history?
Original sin often refers simply to the current state of humanity, in that all have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). Evolution does not raise questions about our current state of sinfulness. It does, however, raise questions about how and when the first sin occurred, and how this fallen state was transmitted to all people. The sciences of evolution and archaeology can provide some insight into these questions but are not equipped to answer them. These questions are theological, and over the centuries the church has considered many possible answers. Some of these options are consistent with the scientific evidence currently available.
Dead Bones with a Living Message
In this video, Pääbo covers a lot of ground, noting several lines of genetic evidence for the evolution of modern humans from earlier hominids in Africa, as well as for the interbreeding between early humans and Neanderthals.
Series: Understanding Evolution (4 entries)
This blog series by Dennis Venema undertakes the task of clarifying numerous aspects of evolution that often become misconstrued by Christians. He first discusses the idea of speciation in a population over time, later applying it to the speciation process that occurred among hominids (human ancestors) which led to modern humans. He continues to support this idea by exploring so called “Mitochondrial Eve,”“Y Chromosome Adam” and other compositional clues of the human genome.
Was Humanity Inevitable?
If the tape was rewound and evolution started over from scratch, Conway Morris says, the evolutionary details would be different, but the end result would be similar: a species characterized by intelligence and complex civilization.
NPR’S Adam and Eve Story
All science can say is that there was never a time when only two people existed on the earth: it is silent on whether or not God began a special relationship with a historical couple at some point in the past. This subtle but extremely important point was missed entirely in the NPR story.
BioLogos and the June 2011 “Christianity Today” Editorial
The editorial, in other words, has shown that in their view mainstream evangelical Christianity and mainstream science can co-exist in harmony. There are still many details to be worked out and much conversation lies ahead, but there is reason for optimism.
Distinctions: "Ancestry"
What does it mean to be human? For the Christian, the answer is complex. In part, it is a reflection of being created in the image of God. But does the science of human evolution pose a threat to that uniqueness?
BioLogos and the June 2011 "Christianity Today" Cover Story
They all together cry out in unison with a loud voice—“Created!” However, they also, in a subtle, but persuasive whisper, add the all-important qualifying phrase—“…slowly and not in an instant!”
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suche ein beliebiges Wort, wie sex:
One who does something stupid, annoying, or pointless.
One who asks questions they know the answer to simply to try and feel less stupid.
Anyone who fucks up.
*proffessor writes 5+5=10*
Prof: See, the result is 5.
That Guy: duh.. don't you mean the result is 10??
Everyone Else: Shut the fuck up dumbass, stop being that guy.
von BigK1D 28. April 2004
22 28
A person who is not important enough for anyone to remember their name. That guy is most likely a loner or socially awkward.
Who the hell is that guy and why should I even care?
von The Kazman 3. März 2010
0 7
The guy driving down the road with his arm out of the window, holding a mattress to the top of his car.
"You don't wanna be that guy."
von jahburbie 8. Dezember 2005
18 25
1. a male who commits and act of stupidity in a public place.
2. the scapegoat for any act of stupidity you personally committed.
1. Dude! Look at that guy getting head from a fat chick!
2. Dude! It wasnt ME it was That guy!
von CAck Master 25. Juni 2003
8 22
"THAT GUY" is the guy everyone wants to be but cant...
Girl 1: hey sara whos that guy.
Girl 2: idk but i wanna meet him.
example 2
Guy 1: yo dude whos that guy flirting with my girlfriend.
Guy 2: idk but dont mess with him cuz hes "THAT GUY".
von "THAT GUY" 13. August 2006
21 36
go to . That will provide all the definition you need
Don't be the guy who leaves the seat up.
von Jamie 3. Mai 2004
6 22
- A person who looks, talks, and acts exactly how other people, which you have grouped together as similar, operate in any given situation.
-That Guy
-The fat Hawaiian burger hut owner
-The rich fat Italian
-The fat Chinese kid (SEE CHUNK) who gets good grades and is at least top ten in the pokemon online challenge
-that black girl who takes your order at dirtys and even telemarkets to your cell phone
-the bald/balding short guy with glasses
-The ratty or rodent looking type
-goat looking type of people
von Richard6969 6. Januar 2006
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0.065981 | <urn:uuid:58d5de9f-8fde-4e99-8d23-c68c65425f50> | en | 0.950491 | Would you work with another Behaviourist?
This is a place to gain some understanding of dog behavior and to assist people in training their dogs and dealing with common behavior problems, regardless of the method(s) used. This can cover the spectrum from non-aversive to traditional methods of dog training. There are many ways to train a dog. Please avoid aggressive responses, and counter ideas and opinions with which you don't agree with friendly and helpful advice. Please refrain from submitting posts that promote off-topic discussions. Keep in mind that you may be receiving advice from other dog owners and lovers... not professionals. If you have a major problem, always seek the advice of a trainer or behaviorist!
(Page 2 of 2: Viewing entries 11 to 11)
1 2
"Stubborn" dogs- don't need- corrections
Barked: Fri Jan 25, '13 9:04am PST
I would definitely give it a try!
I plan on paying for a behaviorist for Poppy, because I know my grandparents won't, and I would like to have someone come in and better assess him.
To me, if there's a chance of helping Poppy not to be so afraid, it's worth it. (:
(Page 2 of 2: Viewing entries 11 to 11)
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Revision as of 15:19, November 26, 2010 by SulfBot (Talk | contribs)
The brak'lul is a Klingon term for a characteristic redundancy in Klingon physiology. All vital bodily functions are protected by a redundant organ or system. Klingons possess two livers, an eight-chambered heart, 23 ribs, two stomachs and a double-lined neural pia mater. This allows Klingons to survive injuries that normally kill other humanoids. Some Federation scientists, such as Doctor Toby Russell, believed it to be a good design in practice, but also noted that the extra redundancy meant there was also much more chance for a system to fail or cause problems.
The redundancies due to the brak'lul helped Lieutenant Worf survive in 2368 after a risky surgery involving technology known as the genitronic replicator. (TNG: "Ethics")
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Ammah - a cubit, the name of a hill which Joab and Abishai reached as the sun went down, when they were in pursuit of Abner (2 Sam. 2:24). It lay to the east of Gibeon.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainEaston, Matthew George (1897). "article name needed". Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons. | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammah | dclm-gs1-152940002 | false | false | {
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Rövarspråket (English: The Robber Language) is a Swedish language game. It became popular after the books about Kalle Blomkvist by Astrid Lindgren, where the children use it as a code, both at play and in solving actual crimes.[1]
It was used by robbers on the Swedish island Gotland as they didn't want the Visby Garrison to understand what their plans were.
The principle is easy enough. Every consonant (spelling matters, not pronunciation) is doubled, and an o is inserted in-between. Vowels are left intact. It is quite possible to render the Rövarspråket version of an English word as well as a Swedish, e.g.:
sos-tot-u-bob-bob-o-ror-non or sostotubobboborornon
that syllable chain would mean stubborn. Needless to say, the code is not very useful in written form, but it can be tough when spoken by a trained (and thus quick) user. On the other hand, for an untrained speaker, a word or phrase can often be something of a tongue-twister or a shibboleth.
Today, the books (and subsequent films) are so well known in Sweden, and also in Norway, that the language has become integrated in the culture of schoolchildren. Most Scandinavians are familiar with it.
See also[edit]
1. ^ Lindgren, Astrid (1951). Mästerdetektiven Blomkvist lever farligt.
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0.067758 | <urn:uuid:62fd17dc-f12b-4c3c-9878-aacabdbe2cc9> | en | 0.833508 | Suscríbete Spanish
buscar cualquier palabra, como sex:
Girls, normally in their teens who go to skateparks and try to look cute, when in reality, they have no idea what is going on. They just want to be seen and hopefully hook up with someone
That ramp tramp just clapped for Johns switch flip, but she doesn't really understand how epic it is.
Por Jeff the Boombox 14 de agosto de 2006
141 23
Girl tramps that sit on ramps at the skatepark. Most have been knocked up one time or the other and have droped out of school.
Get the fuck out of the way you ramp tramp! go smoke pot somewhere else.
Por Austin T 10 de octubre de 2006
59 31
1. girls that go to a skatepark to pick up guys...usally just getting in the way.
2. trash skate girls
3. demhoes
check out the ramp tramps over there. skany
Por ralph machio 06 de abril de 2004
35 9
Typically a female ranging from 12-16 years old , that hangs out at the "ramps" not because of the thrill of bmxing , or skateboarding . But because they are interested in making out with the ugly, paki ,acne infested teenagers under the ramps .
Moses : " hey Samantha high five "
* holds out hand .
samantha rejects .
Moses : " what the hell are you even doing here ? you ramp tramp . "
Por ramptramper0909 02 de junio de 2009
30 11
a ramp tramp is a girl who hangs out at the skate parks. she's usually by a rail or ramp checking out the boys in tight pants hoping the boy will come talk to her. she usually wears extremley low cut shirts from abercrombie or hollister. OR! she is a wanna be skater so she is wearing tight skinny jeans and a volcom shirt. either way you still wanna look out for these girls they're nothing but trouble and only wanna be with you because your hot.
"dude what a ramp tramp!"
"that ramp tramp wants to get with danny so bad just look at how she stairs at his....package"
Por kelci_89 16 de agosto de 2008
24 10
girl that comes to a skatepark to try to hook up with the kids there.
"That girl is up here everyday man trying to get with one of us."
"What a ramptramp."
Por gregd 30 de noviembre de 2007
8 0
noun: 1960's origin, military/aviation terms for a semi-skilled or unskilled airport/airbase flight-line worker: typically a baggage handler or aircraft cleaner. Flight crew and skilled mechanics/avionics personnel would NOT typically be considered "ramp tramps".
"Looks like the Port Authority police busted a bunch of ramp tramps at United (Airlines) for stealing baggage again."
Por speedstan 24 de febrero de 2010
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0.145792 | <urn:uuid:be1d464c-f756-42ff-80a4-e5d7cd897331> | en | 0.950605 | Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've found weapons that I'm not specced into that seem to be significant upgrades to what I have. What kind of negative effects are associated with wielding a weapon you aren't skilled with?
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There are no longer any negative effects for using a weapon that you are unskilled with, except that you will not get the benefits from your weapon skill. It used to be that you got a debuff from using a weapon without that weapon's skill, similar to the debuff for dual wielding without the proper skill, but that was removed in an earlier update.
I have actually begun not choosing any weapon skill, as it allows me to choose another useful skill, and I find that the bonus of being able to use any weapon without having to worry about losing skills more than outweighs the loss of bonuses from the weapon skill.
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| http://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/83219/what-are-the-negative-effects-of-using-a-weapon-type-that-you-dont-have-a-skill | dclm-gs1-153340002 | false | false | {
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0.030361 | <urn:uuid:07302a4d-fa32-49db-8226-7765ea81c85c> | en | 0.9704 | More Deaths Among Older People During Economic Upswings: Study
Effect seen in both middle age and retirement in analysis of 19 nations
HealthDay SHARE
By Dennis Thompson
HealthDay Reporter
TUESDAY, Oct. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Seniors and middle-aged adults die more often when the economy kicks into high gear than when their nation is spiraling toward recession, a new analysis contends.
The findings left the researchers scratching their heads. Factors like increased work stress and traffic accidents caused by more employed commuters on the roads cannot fully explain the trend, they noted. And while the study found an association between economic prosperity and increased mortality rates in these age groups, it did not prove a cause-and-effect link.
Previous studies have shown that mortality rates among people aged 18 to 65 increase when unemployment figures improve, said study author Herbert Rolden, a researcher at the Leyden Academy on Vitality and Ageing, in the Netherlands.
"We were very surprised to see that there is also a parallel movement between economic growth and mortality in the older population," Rolden said. "It was highly unexpected, as the only solid explanation given in former studies focusing on the younger population was work stress. Now that we found that retirees also have an increased mortality risk in good economic times, we are still in the dark on what really explains the association."
Researchers analyzed the gross domestic product (GDP) of 19 developed countries across the globe from 1950 to 2008, and then compared their economic findings against the death rates of people 40 to 44 years old and 70 to 74 years old.
They found that, on average, death rates rise by 0.36 percent among senior men and by 0.38 percent among middle-aged men for every one-percentage-point increase in GDP. Their report was published online Oct. 7 in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
Women suffered a similar, but lesser, effect. The death rate rose by 0.18 percent among those in their 70s, and by about 0.15 percent among those in their 40s.
Over the long term, an increase in GDP was associated with a fall in death rates in all 19 countries. However, economic cycles of relative boom and bust told a different story -- when economies were expanding, death rates increased for both middle-aged and older people, but they fell when economies were heading for recession.
In their paper, the researchers tossed out these possible explanations and their limitations:
• Increased job stress could account for more middle-aged deaths, but wouldn't affect seniors.
• Air pollution increases when economies are thriving, but that doesn't explain why the death rate increases more in men than women.
• People are more likely to pursue unhealthy lifestyles and risky pursuits during good times, but these are unlikely to fully explain the trends.
The best explanation for the increase in senior mortality during boom times might be social, Rolden said.
When the economy is roaring, more people are put to work and there are fewer folks left around to care for the elderly.
"Although we think that the lack of social support in good economic times might explain the counterintuitive finding, as a good social network is highly beneficial for the survival of older people, this still remains to be studied," Rolden said. "For older men, the association is strongest in Southern European countries -- France, Spain, Portugal, Italy -- as well as Austria and Australia. One could argue that older people are more dependent on informal care and social support in the Southern European countries, increasing their mortality risk when their children become employed or start to work longer."
One expert agreed that the caretaking issue might be a critical factor in higher death rates.
"When looking at the older population and the increase in death rates, it becomes more obvious that the trend could be due to the roles of the caretaker," said Dr. Suzanne Steinbaum, a preventive cardiologist at Lenox Hill Hospital, in New York City. "In light of these interesting trends, and the unclear nature of how all aspects of job employment can affect lifestyle, especially for the elderly, more research needs to be done." | http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2013/10/08/more-deaths-among-older-people-during-economic-upswings-study | dclm-gs1-153560002 | false | false | {
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0.022449 | <urn:uuid:45776a97-0f5f-4dea-a0d0-7bb959351e21> | en | 0.931381 | Estate Jewelers of South Pasadena
Jewelry heist coincides with ‘Pink Panther’ jailbreak
9998d64c48 65287 small Jewelry heist coincides with Pink Panther jailbreak photo
Police cars parked outside the Carlton Hotel Sunday in the French Riviera resort of Cannes after an armed man held up the jewelery exhibition ‘Extraordinary diamonds.’; Credit: VALERY HACHE/AFP/Getty Images
A masked man broke into a diamond show in Cannes yesterday and snatched $136 million in jewels. Prosecutors in the French Riviera town said he snuck into the Carlton Intercontinental Hotel through French doors brandishing a handgun. He held up participants, including three private security guards and a handful of personnel. It all happened in the space of about a minute and the man fled on foot. Meanwhile in Zurich, Swiss authorities are on the hunt for a jewel thief who broke out of prison last Thursday night. In a dramatic scene at the Orbe penitentiary, a van rammed the entrance of prison and gunman opened fire with weapons. During the melee, 34-year-old Milan Poparic, escaped. Poparic is a member of the so-called Pink Panthers gang of jewelry thieves. He was serving a seven-year sentence for robbing a jewelry store in 2008.
It’s the second prison break of a Pink Panther member in last three months. Is it all connected? How did the lone thief make off with the jewels so readily? How easy or difficult is it to unload stolen gemstones?
Jonathan Sazonoff, U.S. Editor, Museum Security Network and an expert on high-value crime
Jewelry heist coincides with Pink Panther jailbreak photo
Read the Full Story at KPCC Blogs
Comments are closed | http://hometown-pasadena.com/kpcc-blogs/jewelry-heist-coincides-with-pink-panther-jailbreak/67365 | dclm-gs1-153630002 | false | false | {
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0.248314 | <urn:uuid:bff6b77f-8317-4cf3-bcb2-efdc01d3ada8> | en | 0.940785 | Feliratkozás Hungarian
Keress bármilyen szót, mint például: bae
negative comments to the other sex in an attempt to poke fun and get them in bed
she was a little distant until i went negs on her, then she was trying to get me back all night
Beküldő: textual 2012. január 16.
21 2
A light insult wrapped in the package of a complement. Used by pick-up artists to gain and maintain the attention of women who possess uncommon beauty (9+). These women are immune to standard complements.
The classic neg
pua - "you have beautiful nails, are they real?"
(9+) -"not really"
pua - "Oh, I guess thats still cool"
pua - "that's really cute, your nose wiggles when you speak"
(9+) -"no it doesn't"
pua - "ha ha, there it goes again, sorry, its just really cute"
"I just kept tossing neg after neg at that 10 standing by the bar, and she loved it, she was giving me crazy kino"
Beküldő: Ryder 2005. november 29.
847 406
Abbreviation for negative. Normally used in online gameplay, such as Counter-Strike.
neg, bomb is at our spawn
Beküldő: KYX! 2003. február 6.
374 249
shortened word; comes from negatory or negative
'want to come to the movies?'
'neg, i have other plans'
Beküldő: kt 2005. április 11.
214 152
If you are in a bar and you approach a girl, she basically knows you want to sleep with her. You have to somehow convey that you didn't come for sex. So you are talkative about something even more interesting than her. The only thing from you that can make a 10 notice you is if you show her she doesn't matter to you in the slightest... that is a NEG.
A Neg is a negative remark wrapped in a back-handed compliment.
To Neg a girl you can try:
"You are nearly as tall as me. I like tall girls (LIFT). Are those heels 4 or 5 inches (DROP)?"
YOU: "I don't think we should get to know each other."
HER: "Why?"
YOU: "I think you are just too much of a NICE GIRL for me."
HER: (whatever, it doesn't matter because she will try for you now)
Beküldő: Carl Rd. 2006. november 27.
216 166
Actually, Definition #2 is a misnomer.
A neg is not a light insult wrapped in a compliment, nor is it being mean for mean's sake.
The real definition of a neg (straight from the horse's mouth): A neg is active disqualification. It shows that you aren't hitting on a particular woman and don't have interest in her *at that particular moment*. You're not being mean, per se, you're telling her that she does not meet your standards of attractiveness.
It isn't a direct comment, either. When you're engaging a group you can "toss it like a pebble" at her or towards her social circle.
Many, many guys use this the wrong way, and end up leaving people with a bad taste in their mouth. To be used by licensed professionals, only.
A standard neg:
"You and I would never get along. We're too similar. You'd never take my sh*t, and I'd never take yours."
Beküldő: PUA LA 2006. április 13.
179 136
A statement or action that briefly disqualifies oneself from being considered a potential suitor. Used by pickup artists on beautiful women to relieve fears of being hit on uncomfortably.
A pickup artist asks his target for a napkin, then blows his nose. He is not offending her, nor insulting her. He is negging her. He certainly is not hitting on her.
Beküldő: VH1Mystery 2012. október 21.
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0.02113 | <urn:uuid:128240f9-c661-48d4-9625-4368f4920379> | en | 0.968739 | Jose Aldo: The Most Dangerous Featherweight Alive
"Any fighter at this level is dangerous and difficult. You have to respect them all and you have to train very well for them, which is what I’m doing." - Jose Aldo
UFC featherweight champion Jose AldoWhen it was announced that Anthony Pettis had been forced out of his UFC 163 bout with featherweight champ Jose Aldo due to injury and replaced by “The Korean Zombie,” Chan Sung Jung, conventional wisdom said that the same fighter who lost to Leonard Garcia and George Roop and who earned his nickname in part due to his ability to take punishment and keep moving forward was being led to slaughter.
Jose Aldo doesn’t deal in conventional wisdom.
“Any fighter at this level is dangerous and difficult,” said the champion. You have to respect them all and you have to train very well for them, which is what I’m doing.”
That’s the difference between fighters like Aldo and the majority of his peers. Let’s face it, it’s human nature for someone who has been dominant for so long to eventually take the foot off the gas when he assumes that just showing up is enough. It’s called reading your press clippings, and the examples of fighters who have paid for such hubris in combat sports over the years could fill pages and pages of copy.
But Aldo appears to be cut from a different cloth, one where he never forgets where he comes from and fears going back there, even if that’s the furthest of far-fetched notions. Like most fighters, he comes from humble beginnings, even sleeping on the mats of the Nova Uniao gym as a teenager trying to make a new life for himself. But even after making it to the top of the featherweight division in the WEC and now UFC, and earning a spot on the pound-for-pound list, there’s a fire in Aldo that has yet to dim after four successful UFC title defenses. That doesn’t mean he downplays who he is as an athlete, but at the same time he knows what it takes to remain at the top.
“I’m an all-around fighter and I will take the fight wherever it has to be taken, but at the same time, it also means that I have to train very, very hard to stay where I am,” said Aldo, who admits to not watching his opposition as closely as he watches himself.
“I’m much more worried about my own fights and my own mistakes than paying attention to the mistakes other opponents might be making.”
Yet as Saturday’s bout with Jung approaches, Aldo has been paying close attention to the task at hand and what may appear to be the challenger’s downfall: his tendency to open up and throw wide once the fists start flying. For a precision striker like Aldo, that’s music to his ears.
“He’s a very aggressive guy,” said Aldo of the Zombie. “In his standup fights he presents opportunities and we’ve definitely been studying that. I think that he fights very open and leaves a lot of opportunities to be struck. But if that’s the way he wants to fight, let it be that way.”
If he does, it could be a short night, something past opponents Chad Mendes and Cub Swanson found out the hard way, as he seized openings and dispatched the talented challengers in 4:59 and :08, respectively.
But if you can keep your chin tucked and your hands up and get through the first couple rounds with Aldo, he has been known to slow down in the championship stanzas, as evidenced by his ultimately successful defenses against Mark Hominick and Frankie Edgar. It’s a criticism the 26-year-old Manaus native has heard before.
“I have to be ready to take the fight whatever way it goes,” he said. “If it’s a long fight or a short fight, I’ve got to be trained and ready for anything that comes up.”
Even Jung’s rapidly improving ground game, which has accounted for two Submission of the Night victories over Leonard Garcia and Dustin Poirier? Aldo, a BJJ black belt, scoffs at suggestions that Jung will give him trouble if the fight hits the mat.
“He’s aggressive and he’s got a good ground game, but it’s not something I’m very worried about,” said Aldo, a pupil of respected coach Andre Pederneiras. “I have been training jiu-jitsu all of my life, so there’s nothing in the ground game that scares me in any way.”
Put it all together now. Aldo is aware of his opponents, taking them all very seriously. But at the same time, he brings the edge of the true competitor where he believes whatever his foes can do, he can do better. That’s a dangerous mix of humility and confidence, respect and disdain. It’s what makes Aldo the best featherweight on the planet, and one who may keep that title as long as he wants to. Just ask him about Saturday’s fight with the Korean Zombie.
“I will beat the man.”
Joe Rogan breaks down three main cards fights of UFC 171 - Sanchez vs Jury, Condit vs Woodley, and Hendricks vs Lawler
Coming off his first UFC loss, welterweight Johny Hendricks looked to set the tone early against fellow Texas native TJ Waldburger. Six punches in, Hendricks did just that, finishing "The Dark Horse" with a vicious right hand.
On Saturday, March 15th in Dallas, a new 170-pound champion will be crowned when Johny "Bigg Rigg" Hendricks battles "Ruthless" Robbie Lawler for the vacant title.
Ultimate Insider follows welterweight contender Robbie Lawler as he prepares to fight for the vacant title at UFC 171 against Johny Hendricks. | http://it.ufc.com/news/jose-Aldo-The-Most-Dangerous-Featherweight-Alive | dclm-gs1-153770002 | false | false | {
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0.702534 | <urn:uuid:85b6b98b-59d6-4d1d-8f9e-d1a250a8fd29> | en | 0.881899 | Iscriviti Italian
cerca qualsiasi parola, ad esempio drinking watermelon:
Schullin means pure love between two individuals who are meant to be. The two individuals balance eachother out so eloquently and one would not be able to survive without the other.
Person1: wow they were meant to be
Person2: yeah they're a real schullin
di Schullinisreal 12 maggio 2013
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0.042072 | <urn:uuid:da8b0182-5aac-4234-a150-5d01b473f229> | en | 0.905857 | Obama Knows... How Much Chrysler Should Spend On AdvertisingS
President Obama's Auto Task Force cut Chrysler's planned bankruptcy marketing budget, $134 million for nine weeks of advertisements, in half. Apparently the Obama Administration's like Bo Jackson from those old Nike "Bo knows" commercials.
The overwhelmingly desperate state the automakers are in, essentially living on the dole, has put them into a position where they're subject to the whim and will of the Obama administration and his task-force. Thankfully, Obama is an expert on everything. What else does Obama know?
Obama knows: Human Resources
Obama knows: Electric Propulsion
Obama knows: The History Of Cars
Obama Knows: The Future Of Cars
Obama knows: Elon Musk is a beggar
Obama knows: Presidential Protection | http://jalopnik.com/5250693/obama-knows-how-much-chrysler-should-spend-on-advertising | dclm-gs1-153800002 | false | false | {
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0.054936 | <urn:uuid:73181937-617b-4757-92b8-e6003b192ef1> | en | 0.972659 | Tuesday, March 29, 2011
UNSCR 1973 and Libya
UNSC Resolution 1973 authorizing member states "to take all necessary measures [...] to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya" has been in effect for eleven days now. US and NATO have struck many targets, including much of Gaddafi's air defense systems and armor on the ground where the opportunity offered itself with reduced risk of collateral damage.
Since this has begun, commentators and media have been going wild with opinion pieces and theories. Questions abound about whether this is a revolution or a civil war, whether to refer to the opposition as "rebels", or what this same opposition might do if Gaddafi were removed. There is also no shortage of questions about whether Western powers have some kind agenda and what that might be. The one question most of those people - or at least those against intervention - are carefully avoiding is what might have become of Benghazi and its population, not to mention opposition elsewhere in the country, had no one intervened.
Indeed, strikes began just hours away from the moment Gaddafi's regime intended to steamroll over Benghazi. This is not a matter of speculation. This is a fact supported by developments on the ground previous to the intervention and by Gaddafi's declaration of his intentions to the world. Everything points to the high probability that we would have witnessed another Srebrenica massacre, or that proportions might even have reached those of Hama in 1982.
Apparently, that's not a problem for the naysayers though. They offer many great reasons to support their positions. First among those is that the West has some kind of secret agenda behind all this. They're not doing it to be nice, we're told. They want oil, or some kind of geostrategic advantage. They are evil imperialists! Well I stand appropriately shocked at this amazing revelation. Someone shoulda sent it to WikiLeaks. How fortunate that we have these white knights to preserve our virgin world from political agendas. Perhaps if we'd let Gaddafi's armor roll on and wipe Benghazi off the map our purity might have been preserved from political agendas. Oh well, it's too late now I guess!
Rest assured, these heroes of international justice who would have had us look the other way while unspeakable atrocities occurred do not have any agendas of their own. They're just nice people like that, and they are many. Frankly, I don't recall hearing such vocal protest when it came to chasing fake WMDs or any number of other wars which looked far more imperialist to me. When it came to saving civilians from massacre though, everyone's scruples suddenly made an appearance!
So let me get this straight... when there are fake WMDs to search for and there is no UN mandate, it's ok to go, but when large amounts of civilians are in danger we should be very careful about intervening. Is that correct?
The second great reason for not intervening I have been hearing a lot is that no fly zones have been tried before and they took a long time to achieve any results. Bosnia, Iraq, and Afghanistan are all among the examples. These people would have us believe that situations are the same in each conflict, and that they could not possibly produce different results elsewhere. Among the proponents of such simplistic reasoning are people I normally admire. Dear Michael: it helps when the population is on your side.
Thirdly, we are told that a better course of action would have been to negotiate. I'm no negotiation expert but I'm not usually inclined to negotiate with someone while they're shooting at me. Not that this third point should be taken seriously at all. No one in their right minds or with any knowledge of Gaddafi seriously believes a negotiated settlement was possible before military intervention. If anything, military intervention is going to enable negotiations. Why would he have negotiated before? Give me one good reason, when in his mindset, he had a more 'suitable' alternative the whole time.
Some are also arguing that foreign intervention somehow killed the Arab Spring. While I see what they mean, I can't help wondering what message would have been sent to Arab peoples had we just watched Gaddafi forcefully crush his people's demands for freedom and let him carry on like nothing happened. This just highlights the fact that all these people objecting have proposed no serious alternative to intervention. They don't even appear particularly concerned with what might occur if their advice were to be followed while military force was advancing on Benghazi.
The bottom line is that a massacre was about to take place before our eyes, and the world chose not to let it happen. If you're disappointed, go get your fix by plucking the wings off a living fly or something. The rest of us don't like massacres.
And seriously, the notion that preventing a wide-scale massacre was wrong because nations intervening have an agenda is like saying you don't want some guy to pull someone out of a truck's way because he might steal their handbag. Screw the handbag. Get your priorities straight.
The other very important aspect of this is that the Libyans asked for the help they are receiving. It is their right, it is their nation. You are not in any position to judge in their place.
Saturday, March 19, 2011
Why Women's Rights in Egypt Are Important, and NOT Just for Women
Egyptians are recovering their freedom after long periods of living without it. Immense joy resulting from this is accompanied by no less immense challenges. Among these challenges are understanding what freedoms we are reclaiming and knowing what freedoms we were deprived of for so many years. The answers to these questions may sound obvious, and some of them are. Some of them however, are anything but obvious.
Break an old elephant's chain and he will remain in his place.
Shaking old habits can be a tall order. Egyptians have lived under a certain paradigm for many years. This paradigm is that of an authoritative, patriarchal leader. A leader who could do no wrong, who was not to be questioned, under penalty of punishment. A leader whose abuses always had some kind of a good justification.
Unbeknownst to themselves, many Egyptian men have learned to reproduce this paradigm at their level. This is not to say they were as abusive as the regime, or that they bore their family or surroundings any ill intentions. They just did what humans do best: they adapted to their environment. Most did so with the best intentions, and worked hard to feed their families and helped themselves and those around them to survive.
As Egyptian men, they were figures of authority in their environments, bowing only to other male figures of authority. They made the rules, and women did not. The law came from men. Big decisions came from men. Selective use of aspects of culture and religion served as powerful safeguards against any challenge to this state of affairs. A man was entitled, even duty-bound to be the law or to represent it. This role involved living with certain pressures, but these brought with them a certain sense of entitlement. One that may not be easy to let go of. One that may stand in the way of change.
So in a way, men have become enslaved to their own "privileges". It is clear then, that embracing significant change may involve far more than overthrowing a dictator. It may involve deep soul-searching and facing questions we have not been taught to face. As they became part of the system, as they inadvertently became part of the paradigm's enforcement arm, there were freedoms men forgot they didn't have.
Women, on the other hand, suffer no such impediment to raising the appropriate questions that significant change requires (they may face others, however.) They have been used to living by laws they played no role in formulating. To watching testosterone-based nonsense bring ridiculous situations about in their every day lives (it hurts to write this!) To suffering acts of disrespect on a daily basis, be it gratuitously in the street, or only moderately less gratuitously when prodded to get back in line after demonstrating independent thought. They have been aware all along of the freedoms they didn't have, and by extension, the freedoms we were all deprived of.
Today, women demanding their rights unavoidably raise questions that concern not only their freedoms, but all of our freedoms. They do so naturally, unhindered by some of the chains men carry in their minds. To suppress their voice is to give up some of our own freedoms. What they have to contribute will benefit all Egyptians, men and women alike.
I have often heard in recent days that women are a part of this revolution alongside the men. I would say that they not only stand side by side with the men, but in certain ways, they will even lead.
Egypt's First Post-Dictatorship Vote
Today, Egyptians all over the country are voting for or against constitutional amendments introduced after the fall of the dictatorship. This is an immensely important day in a number of ways.
This is the first time in many years where citizens feel their vote will actually count. Many have waited for this day for long years. Others had resigned themselves. Today, all are able to enjoy the benefits brought to us through the sacrifices of those who died for democracy.
This is also an important test of the military transitional leadership's sincerity in moving towards democracy. There are already some reports of irregular events surfacing, like unstamped ballots or voting booths with no curtains. This might simply be disorganization. We will have to wait to see. If this turns out to be a rigged vote like all the ones under the dictatorship, this nation will be in big trouble, and that includes the army. We want democracy or nothing. If it is not going to be allowed, we might as well just burn the whole fucking country down.
It is also a test of Egyptian unity. Many are only discovering what it feels like to make a decision as a nation with all its different factions, classes, religions, and beliefs. This is very different from previous situations where a single voice was artificially maintained for the nation, with only very little room left for dissenting voices for the purpose of keeping some pathetic pretense of credibility. Egyptians are not necessarily used to navigating a very varied political landscape. This has caused some bad feelings among people but overall things appear to be proceeding in an orderly fashion.
The subject of the vote itself also constitutes an important test of our commitment to democracy. We are to vote on some amendments brought to the constitution after the fall of the dictatorship. This does not fully meet the revolution's demands. Many are inclined to accept what we are given so that we can get started on the path to change, however small. Others feel that to settle for less than we deserve is a dangerous move. It is very difficult to estimate the outcome. The Brotherhood and elements of the fallen regime are in favor of accepting these limited amendments and doing more later. The revolutionaries and the youth in general appear to want to reject this, and to start on a blank slate with a new constitution.
I deeply regret the fact that those of us abroad cannot vote, but everything will come in due time. Barring any abuse by authorities (we have yet to see), today will go down as a great day in Egyptian history. If everything goes well, today will be our first truly post-colonial day.
Wednesday, March 16, 2011
Roadmap for Egypt: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Problem
In recent times, Egypt has experienced both massive change and massive resistance to change. Those wanting change (a group to which I belong) face serious challenges. Mubarak may have been overthrown, but there is a significant number of problems to overthrow, one by one. Unfortunately, it is now clear there is no unraveling effect, where overthrowing the dictator automatically leads to the resolution of all other problems. Remaining issues must each be dealt with on its own.
This is where it gets confusing. The host of problems, including (without limitation) freeing ourselves from secretive governmental organizations, status quo agendas of big players who are obviously still in place, inter-religious issues, social issues, diplomacy issues with other nations who would prefer we weren't free if it is going to disturb their daily routine, and other issues can be very complex to evaluate and deal with.
There are many traps along the way. Anger of democracy activists at the inertia of elders who fear change is one of them. I have already seen (and blogged about) the dialog becoming more venomous. Fragmentation of forces for democracy due to trying to fight on too many fronts at once is also a danger. We have already started paying the price of this fragmentation as authorities return to old ways of arbitrary arrests and beatings, emboldened by the feeling that backing for the revolutionary movement is no longer as broad as it was before Mubarak was toppled.
Perhaps the biggest danger of all is not understanding what exactly what we are fighting for and trying to feel our way in the dark. Signs of this are already visible, with people trying to bring issues to the front which may offend sensibilities of large parts of the Egyptian population. This is very dangerous. Overthrowing Mubarak was great but frankly, if anyone thinks they're going to "overthrow" the population they'd better enlist foreign help, because the population is unlikely to willingly overthrow itself. That is not to say the population cannot be persuaded, but persuasion and coercion are not the same.
All the above problems call for some sort of solid basis to hang on to. Something stable, which can act as a lighthouse when the sea gets stormy, visibility is low, and confusion looms. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, for which Egypt voted, provides just such a basis.
Please take a moment to review the declaration:
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,
Now, therefore,
The General Assembly,
Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
Article 1
Article 2
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
Article 4
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
Article 5
Article 6
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
Article 8
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
Article 9
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
Article 10
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
Article 11
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.
Article 12
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
Article 13
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
Article 14
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 15
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.
Article 16
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
Article 17
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
Article 18
Article 19
Article 20
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
Article 21
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.
Article 22
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
Article 23
Article 24
Article 25
Article 26
1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
Article 27
1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.
Article 28
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.
Article 29
1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 30
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.
As you can see, many of the articles address issues of much importance to Egypt. Article 2 clearly addresses gender and religious issues. Articles 5 through 10, and 12 (and others) almost seem to have been specifically written for our state security organs. Article 25 and others address minimum standards of living. Article 26 addresses education.
I won't go into in depth analysis of how each article applies to Egyptian society, partly because that would require writing a book with help from many people, but also because it is important that the Egyptian be the ones to decide how the declaration applies to them.
for this to happen though, the people must first be informed of their rights. These are rights that have been granted to all people and Egypt voted in favor of this. Every single Egyptian should be aware of this declaration and the rights provided for therein.
What Needs to be Done
If you believe in the above, I invite you to help raise awareness among your fellow Egyptians. An official version in Arabic can be found here (pdf). The declaration is not very long. Print it and distribute it. Make sure everyone is aware and can decide for themselves. Some people may disagree with some parts for religious or other reasons. This is their right, insofar as they apply it to themselves. What is not their right is to deprive you of any of your rights.
This declaration or large parts of it, once there is broad awareness, can provide us with a clear roadmap to a better Egypt, where all are free regardless of age, religion, gender, wealth, or social class. If we ever feel confused about which fights are worth fighting for, we can read it again. It can help us evaluate the government's performance in providing for our rights, or evaluate how much we like a candidate for political office. Let it be our guide to avoid getting lost.
Important Resources
Tuesday, March 15, 2011
Excellent BBC Video of the Revolution
Killer funny
For weeks now I have been a total news junkie. I started paying close attention when Tunisia got started, then got into it hardcore when Egypt started moving too. At first it was all excitement. It got so intense I couldn't help booking a flight and heading for Cairo to spend a couple of weeks there. Two weeks of total excitement, joy, hope for the future, just all around intense feelings.
While I was there Libya got started, and Bahrain, and the others, which I watch a little less closely due to the sheer load of information. Then I got back to Switzerland and kept watching.
The excitement is mostly gone now. I'm not sure what it has been replaced by. Every day, I wake up and go check, I go through so many videos and pictures of people dying, or getting hurt, while others line up behind them, willing to face the same fate to fight for freedom. Now there is Japan too. I have always loved Japanese culture. Those people may not be fighting for their freedom, but it is no less heartbreaking to watch. I also still worry about Egypt a lot as well. Will we sink back into the abyss whence we have risen?
I didn't know in the beginning. I didn't know how I would feel after seeing so much death, and sadness. Now when I see all those people getting hurt I can... feel it, sort of. It's a little odd. I would have expected to become desensitized over time, but it hurts more now than it did in the beginning. I hang out on Twitter a lot, where there are many cool peeps watching the same things, gathering the same info. We joke around, keep things cheerful, but we all know we are witnessing really sick shit and that it really is no joke.
It feels bad, and I don't know what it is, or how I will feel tomorrow, or if any of this can be damaging from a psychological perspective. What I do know for sure is I won't stop watching. I want to bear witness, I want to know, I don't want to shut my eyes or look away. If there is pain, then I want that too. I want to carry it with me forever. I want it to remind me of the principles people died for, the principles we now live for. I don't ever want to forget.
Above all I want to keep hoping we will all see a better tomorrow for Egypt, for all our brothers and sisters in Libya, Bahrain, Yemen, Palestine and whoever else believes in their freedom. I want to hope for Japanese people too, that they will overcome nature's harsh test and rise again stronger than before. For American workers too, and even for Israelis for whom I have no hate even if I totally disagree with Zionist ideology.
I want to keep hoping for all humanity.
Monday, March 14, 2011
A Reply to Sandmonkey's "The Free Republic of Egypt"
I just read a post by blogger Sandmonkey called "The Free Republic of Egypt". It is written in the form of an open letter to the Egyptian population. As you might expect from him, it is thoughtful, well worded, and makes some great points. The letter's apparent purpose is a noble one, to explain to the general population why revolutionaries do what they do.
And now for the bad news.
Lemme tell ya, the Egyptian revolution is in dire need of some PR knowhow. While Sandmonkey's intended purpose is clearly noble, the actual letter is an exercise in sarcasm and mockery, save for some lip service paid to a more unifying stance in the end. This comes as no surprise, as the revolution movement (if it can still be called that after endless fracturing) has relentlessly worked on alienating more and more segments of the population ever since the historical day of Mubarak's departure.
At one point he says:
"You can have a country where people believe that being civilized is to go for one day and clean Tahrir Square up, while we will believe that true civilization is ensuring that our government cleans our street up and as for us, well, we just won’t litter."
That's right, he just implied the majority of the population doesn't understand how to be "truly" civilized. He might as well just call them animals while he's at it. Feel free to go read the entire letter for many more pleasant remarks like the above.
The question here isn't about whether Sandmonkey is a big "meanie" for making fun of much of Egypt's population. It is about whether putting people down is helpful in winning them over. I contend that it is not, and because I am such an optimist, I hope the rest of everyone else does too. In fact, because I am pretty sure Sandmonkey is a highly intelligent person, I can't help but think he knows this. The infantilizing tone of his letter is counterproductive to his stated purpose, and I can't imagine him thinking otherwise. What's his deal?
Well, I won't speculate on his behalf, but I'll say this: now is not the time to give in to anger with people who are too afraid to follow. The tone must always remain brotherly or sisterly, not patronizing. People who disagree should not be excluded nor shunned, they should be given continuous gentle pressure to go in the right direction. If we can't handle disagreement without speaking in aggressive undertones, then those we speak to can only wonder why on Earth we want a democracy in the first place. People are not stupid, even the uneducated ones. Nature has granted them the ability to read you instinctively even when they can't do so intellectually and when they get mocking and patronizing vibes it is going to blur the line between your message and that of the regime we just removed.
The comments under his letter are telling too. There is the usual circle of people who feel this is exactly how things should be said, one even suggesting it be translated to Arabic so it can reach the mainstream public (to make sure a maximum number of people get pissed off with being called uncivilized?) Others congratulating him on unleashing his sharp tongue upon those who disagree. Others yet congratulate Sandmonkey on his work so far but wonder why his letter sounds like a "BIG FUCK YOU" to people who don't agree with him.
I think I belong to this latter group. It seems to me that if you say "fuck you" to the people, they are going to respond in kind. This is hardly helpful to overcoming the obstacles that await us. Sharp tongues are nice, but wisdom is required to ensure they are put to effective use.
Sunday, March 13, 2011
Egypt - Demotivational Posters
Dont' ask why they're called that. They're just called that. Anyway while I was looking at pictures, I felt like trying my hand at a couple of demotivational posters for a laugh, so here they are. Lemme know what you think!
Truth be told, I have no clue about copyright status on the pics I used. They're not my own. If original owners want these removed or credit to be added, please let me know.
Friday, March 11, 2011
M.E. Revolutions: Serious Game Changer
Many people agree that the fallout from Mid East revolutions is huge and that we're not even close to seeing the full extent of it yet. Here is yet another aspect of this.
In terms of the Israel/Palestine issue, here's how things work. American politicians need to finance campaigns. They go to people who have money for just this purpose. It so happens that if you wanted to find a lot of people willing to donate a lot of money for campaign purposes, the AIPAC Annual Conference is a great place to go. It's really simple. People at AIPAC tell politicians what they want, then help them finance their campaigns, then Palestinians get gangbanged, then everyone is happy (almost).
Of course there is no such lobbying or wealth being spent on the Arab side of the problem. If you don't know Mid East politics you might find this odd since Arabs have no shortage of wealth. What has happened for many years is Arab leadership was either invited to further Israel's agenda and draw personal benefits from that or face stern punishment. Unfortunately however, Arab populations have now embarked on a massive cleaning exercise, and they are taking out the trash. Where will that leave things?
Well, for one thing, Arab governments may actually be required to comply with their peoples' wishes. This, of course, would be a most unfortunate turn of events as lobbying money in D.C. would no longer be spent for the personal benefits of corrupt dictators but for the furthering of Arab populations' interests. Do you see where this is going? Yeah, it's gonna suck.
Imagine if there were an AAPAC to go to for campaign money. An American Arab Public Affairs Committee.
Tuesday, March 8, 2011
Women's Rights in Egypt?
So I am hearing that today's women's rights march in Tahrir Square didn't go very well. I don't know the details yet but apparently there was aggressive opposition, though hopefully no physical aggression was involved.
Now let me tell you, I have nothing against women's rights. I am convinced that for society to be in anything resembling a harmonious state, each member needs to feel they are treated fairly, and that obviously includes women.
But for fuck's sake, this is just another example of how it seems to me like some of the revolution's big players couldn't plan their way out of a wet paper bag if their lives depended on it. Look at what is happening now. We are now seeing divisions among the people which we really could have done without at this point. The revolution gets diluted a little more every day while the forces we seek to change or remove are doing their best to consolidate and focus with all the discipline they can muster.
Why did the march go wrong? Well there are many reasons. Bigotry, certain interpretations of religion, fear of change, ignorance, and possibly even a concerted effort by some lurking in the shadows to sow division. These lurkers patiently wait for such events so they can do their nasty work. But all of this can be overcome by one thing.
I saw some person on Twitter say women were 63% of the population. That sounds like some serious voting power. Oh wait, we don't actually have voting power! Maybe we should focus on that first? Just a humble suggestion. Surely a president trying to get elected and worrying about women's votes or political parties attempting to rise will lend a far more attentive ear to women's issues - especially if they represent 63% of the vote - than the forces on the ground right now.
I can't believe all this is not completely obvious to everyone. I can only hope as we highlight new social divisions every day and dilute focus on the one thing that could help solve all of them, that we are not somehow endangering our chance to obtain what the martyrs died for. | http://justsayin06.blogspot.com/ | dclm-gs1-153860002 | false | true | {
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0.036033 | <urn:uuid:6bb0089d-071e-474e-98b9-fc09c8e7b9e6> | en | 0.970728 | Krishna's Mercy
Hare Krishna
Archive for the ‘ramayana’ Category
Shri Hanuman
Posted by krishnasmercy on March 1, 2011
Hanuman reaching for the sun “Then, after seeing the newly risen sun in the great forest when you were a boy, taking it to be fruit and wanting to catch it, you jumped up and flew towards the sky.” (Jambavan speaking to Hanuman, Valmiki Ramayana, Kishkindha Kand, 66.21)
abhyutthitam tataḥ sūryam bālo dṛṣṭvā mahā vane ।
phalam ca iti jighṛkṣuḥ tvam utplutya abhiutpato divam
Shri Hanuman, the powerful Vanara warrior and faithful servant of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is one of the most celebrated divine figures in the world. The regular adulation and worship directed his way has gone on for thousands of years, dating back to the time of his initial advent on earth, when he aided the victorious side in one of the greatest battles this world has ever seen. Since the entire universe goes through many cycles of creation and destruction, the circumstances surrounding Hanuman’s birth are a little different each time around. The most often referenced account is provided in the sacred Ramayana of Maharishi Valmiki, which actually describes Hanuman’s early life in two different sections; such is the greatness of the fearless devotee. Hearing of his birth and his tremendous courage shown in battles against the enemies of the Lord is enough to secure transcendental bliss for a lifetime. Such figures are put on this earth at just the right time and place to allow current and future generations of conditioned souls a chance at understanding true greatness, courage, strength, perseverance, and most importantly, devotion to the Lord.
HanumanPure love for God, or bhakti, is the constitutional position of the soul. Though we tend to identify with our outward features, it is the spirit soul inside which forms the basis of identity. “I” and “Mine” really refer to the soul and not the body. We may have the form of a human being in the present life, but in a future one we may be born as a demigod, a plant, or even an animal. The soul can never be discarded, burned up, dried, or cut into pieces. No matter the trials and tribulations it endures, the soul can never change in properties. Part and parcel of the soul’s makeup is a deep and unadulterated love for God. When the individual spiritual spark is placed in a temporary realm, wherein birth, old age, disease and death constantly repeat, knowledge of the loving propensity gets forgotten. Therefore the aim of human life is to rekindle the pure connection with God through activities in divine love. Unlike conditioned activities, acts of devotion lead to liberation. Just as in an elementary school classroom there are two paths, one which leads to knowledge and subsequent elevation to the next grade, and another which forces the student to retake the same class in the following year, in the material world the living entities have a choice as to which type of engagement they will adopt, as free-will and independence are also characteristics of the soul.
“Work done as a sacrifice for Vishnu has to be performed, otherwise work binds one to this material world. Therefore, O son of Kunti, perform your prescribed duties for His satisfaction, and in that way you will always remain unattached and free from bondage.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 3.9)
Lord Krishna Material activities, those actions that aim to satisfy the senses of the temporary body, are deemed conditioned and thus leading to bondage. The binding aspect shouldn’t be difficult to understand, as the body is temporary and subject for destruction, so any activity which aims to satisfy it will also end in destruction. Since such engagements also do nothing to purify consciousness, the soul remains bound to the cycle of birth and death. The Supreme Lord, the one and only God for all of humanity, is very kind. Through His separated energies, He gives those who do not worship Him personally what they want, even if their desires won’t lead to eternal freedom. If the individual wants to remain tied to the repetitious activities of sense gratification based off false identification, they are free to do so.
There is another class of activity which has the opposite effect; it slowly but surely breaks the bonds of attachment to the phenomenal world, thus leading to liberation, or the cessation to the cycle of birth and death. These activities, which are collectively known as bhakti-yoga, or devotional service, spark a change in consciousness. While the body is temporary and ultimately discarded, consciousness travels alongside the soul from life to life. It is the consciousness that determines the type of body the individual receives in the next life. As is readily perceptible, young children are born with certain qualities. One child will naturally be very peaceful and quiet, while another will be antsy and very talkative. These natures are determined by the previous consciousness of the soul. When one’s mindset is completely purified by remaining transcendentally situated at the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, a spiritual body is given in the next life. A spiritual form is a permanent one that is of the same quality as the soul. While the temporary outer covering composed of material elements has a spiritually inhibiting effect, the transcendentally situated form lacks any propensity for illusion or activities leading to bondage. Thus the Krishna conscious soul is free to associate with the Supreme Lord in their specific mood of choice.
How does a change in consciousness come about? Though we are in a temporary body, the key is to take to acts of bhakti, one of the simplest and most effective of which is hearing. Though the Supreme Lord remains invisible to the soul deluded by the sense consciousness, He kindly makes appearances on earth to give the inquisitive and love-starved individuals a chance at liberation. One such appearance took place many thousands of years ago during the Treta Yuga. During that time, the original personality of Godhead, who is known as Krishna or Vishnu in the Vedic tradition, descended as a handsome and pious prince named Rama. Just as there is a natural interest in the workings of the notable royal families of today, there was a great interest in the day-to-day dealings of the famous Ikshvaku dynasty, which ruled the world. Their king at the time was Maharaja Dasharatha, who was so pious and kind that everyone loved him. Lord Rama was the king’s eldest son and the heir to the throne that was missing for such a long time.
Rama with His brothers, Sita and HanumanFrom the time of His birth, everyone was enamored by Rama’s activities and also those of His three younger brothers: Bharata, Lakshmana and Shatrughna. When one rises above the animalistic stage and gains a basic understanding of spirituality but still hasn’t achieved pure God consciousness, there are four rewards in life that are deemed most precious and worthy of attaining: dharma [religiosity], artha [economic development], kama [sense gratification] and moksha [liberation from birth and death]. They say that during Dasharatha’s time, these four rewards manifested in the forms of his four young children. In fact, these beautiful boys, who were all non-different forms of Vishnu, were rewards far greater than anything anyone could ever ask for. Devotion to the feet of these sweet children would bring the greatest gift of all: bhakti, which is an eternal flame of love that illuminates any form the soul happens to assume.
Those who lived in Ayodhya at the time certainly were transcendentally benefitted by seeing Rama and His brothers all the time, but in order to give future generations a chance to hear about the wonders experienced by the citizens of Ayodhya, the Lord took to transcendental activities performed outside of the town as He grew up. These actions were so blissful and beautiful that they were chronicled by Maharishi Valmiki in a wonderful poem called the Ramayana.
Rama and LakshmanaAs part of His pastimes, Rama roamed the forests of India alongside His beautiful and chaste wife Sita Devi and Lakshmana. On one unfortunate occasion, Sita was kidnapped from the forest while not in Rama or Lakshmana’s presence. In their subsequent search for her whereabouts, Rama and Lakshmana forged an alliance with a Vanara king named Sugriva, who was living in the forest of Kishkindha. Vanaras are usually taken to be monkeys, but the Sanskrit word itself means “one of the forest”. Based on the descriptions of their activities and their notably strong penchant for intoxication and sex life, we can understand that the Vanaras were very monkey-like, but they still retained many human tendencies. Species themselves don’t evolve, for matter is incapable of doing anything on its own. However, the body types in which the souls are injected certainly can change over time. The Vedas cap the list of distinct species at 8,400,000, with the Vanaras being one of them.
Sugriva sent out search parties to scour the earth for Sita’s location. Though the monkeys were divided into groups, Sugriva knew that the party which included Shri Hanuman, his most faithful and dear servant, was the only one with any legitimate chance at success. Sure enough, Hanuman’s group, after much stress and turmoil, finally stumbled upon Sita’s location. Through the help of a bird named Sampati, Hanuman and his monkey friends were informed that Sita was taken to an island kingdom of Lanka. There was just one problem: getting to the island. The monkey party was on one side of the water, and Lanka was all the way on the other side of the ocean. Realizing their dilemma, the monkeys each asserted how far they could jump. Similar to the old game show Name That Tune, each monkey stepped forward and said they could jump a certain distance. Realizing that none of these distances were long enough to make it across the ocean, Jambavan, one of the elderly monkeys in the group, approached Hanuman and asked him why he was silent. Up to this point Hanuman had not even ventured a guess as to how far he could jump.
HanumanJambavan took the opportunity to inform Hanuman of his tremendous prowess inherited from his father. Not knowing the circumstances of his birth, Hanuman was told the beautiful story about the early years of his life. There once was a celebrated celestial nymph who was exquisitely beautiful. Due to a curse imprecated by a sage, she was subsequently born as a monkey. Given the name of Anjana, she was later married to a monkey named Keshari. Though she was in the form of a Vanara, Anjana still retained some of her celestial powers, one of which included the ability to assume any shape at will. One day she decided to assume a human form and roam the top of a mountain which had a beautiful cloud amassed around it. The wind-god, Vayu, then saw her and became enamored.
Though this seems like a poetic trick of personification or a mythological tradition, the Vedas inform us that each of the material elements has a presiding deity. We can think of it in this way: As human beings, we can most certainly enter the water, but it is not our natural habitat. We could never survive in water because our specific body type is made to reside on land. Fish, on the other hand, can only survive in water. They would immediately die in any other environment. Just because we can’t survive in the water doesn’t mean that other living entities aren’t meant to live there. In the same way, each of the various planets of the universe has living entities with specific bodies residing on them. Even the sun is considered a deity, for it is presided over by a powerful living entity who possesses a body of fire.
manasā asmi gato yat tvām pariṣvajya yaśasvini |
vīryavān buddhi saṃpannaḥ putraḥ tava bhaviṣyati
mahāsāttvo mahāteja mahābala parākramaḥ |
langhane plavane caiva bhaviṣyati mayā samaḥ
“Since after embracing you I have entered you with my mind, O famous lady, a son who is powerful and endowed with intelligence will be born to you. He will be mighty, highly effulgent, very powerful, valorous, and my equal in flying and leaping abilities.” (Vayu speaking to Anjana, Valmiki Ramayana, 66.18-19)
Wind, along with earth, water, fire and sky, is one of the central elements of the material world. It has a presiding deity named Vayu who is responsible for its workings. The importance of this responsibility would be highlighted shortly after Vayu’s meeting with Anjana. Seeing the beautiful woman on the mountaintop, Vayu brought her close to his body, a gesture not appreciated by Anjana. She made a vow to only accept one husband, and now this strange person was seemingly violating her. Vayu allayed her fears by informing her that he had not had any intercourse with her, so her vow of chastity had not been broken. But due to the embrace, Vayu had impregnated her using his mind. Being with child, Anjana went to a nearby cave and gave birth to a Vanara son endowed with the celestial powers of his father.
Hanuman heading towards the sunWhen he was still a child, the young boy one day saw the sun in the sky and mistook it for a fruit. Wanting to grab the fruit and eat it, the child leaped into the sky and made his way closer and closer to the sun. His jumping ability and swiftness weren’t remarkable considering Vayu was the boy’s father. Even though the child was eventually repulsed by the massive splendor of the sun, he did not get discouraged in any way. Indra, the king of the heavenly planets, saw the child approaching his realm, and possessed by anger, he hurled a thunderbolt at the young boy. Being struck by Indra’s vajra, the child in the sky was throttled back and subsequently collided with a mountain. Since his jaw was broken by the impact with the mountain, the child was thenceforth known as Hanuman.
Seeing his son attacked and injured, Vayu was not happy at all. As revenge, he decided to cease functioning; so subsequently there was no wind anywhere on the earth. Obviously, this led to chaos and disaster, so the sages and demigods pleaded with Vayu to give up his anger. To pacify Vayu, Hanuman was granted the benediction from Lord Brahma of being invincible in battle. Indra, who was the cause of the whole mess, granted Hanuman the boon that he would never die unless he wanted to. When Jambavan finished his story, he also reminded Hanuman of his great powers borne of the ancestral link to the wind-god. Jambavan encouraged Hanuman to assume a massive form to cross over the ocean. The comparison was made to Trivikrama, the incarnation of Vishnu also known as Vamanadeva, who once shifted from a dwarf body to a massive form and covered the earth in just three steps. Jambavan also stated that Hanuman’s strength and speed were equal to that of Garuda, the celestial bird-carrier of Lord Vishnu.
These references to Vishnu were no accident, for the monkeys were involved in devotional service to Rama, a celebrated incarnation of Vishnu. Reminded of his sterling ancestry and prowess, Hanuman gladly abided by Jambavan’s words and assumed a massive form. Hanuman then boldly asserted that no one would be able to defeat him and that he would easily cross over the ocean. He assured the monkeys that Sita’s whereabouts in Lanka would be found. The rest, as they say, was history, as Hanuman would bravely leap across the ocean, find Sita, set fire to Lanka, return to Rama and Sugriva, and then play a major role in the final battle against Ravana. All would end well, as Ravana would be defeated by Rama, and Sita would be reunited safely with her dear husband. For his efforts, Hanuman was granted eternal devotion to Sita, Rama and Lakshmana. To this day he remains always fixed in thoughts of love and devotion to them. Hanuman easily could have been granted liberation from the cycle of birth and death, but as a pure devotee and divine figure, he didn’t want any such reward, as bhakti is even greater than moksha. He only asked that he be able to remain on this earth for as long as Rama’s story continued to be told.
Hanuman and his glorious activities This means that anytime we say the name of Rama, or anytime we chant the glorious names of the Lord found in the sacred maha-mantra, “Hare Krishna Hare Krishna, Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare”, Shri Hanuman hears us and is pleased at the heart. As the gate-keeper of the spiritual kingdom inhabited by the glory of the Raghu dynasty, Hanuman doesn’t require an entrance fee, a cover charge, or steep penances and austerities as prerequisites for entry. He simply asks that we try to love Sita and Rama as much as he does. Surely this is not possible, but if we remain fixed on the path of devotional service and never forget the glorious Hanuman, the son of Anjana and the darling of the devotees of Rama, our efforts in this life will be successful. The potency of the human form of life lies not in the ability to enjoy the senses, but rather in the potential to understand and associate with the Supreme Spirit and His dearmost associates like Shri Hanuman.
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Posted by krishnasmercy on January 2, 2011
Lord Rama “O best among the glorious ones, all of this has been achieved by me through the divine grace of You and Your brother. One who does not repay the favors offered to him certainly is considered a disgrace among men.” (Sugriva speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Kishkindha Kand, 38.26)
Miserly behavior is generally not appreciated. “Cheapskate”, “penny-pincher”, “Grinch”, etc., are all unflattering terms used to describe those who are not very willing to part with their time or money. Miserliness is based off of ignorance; an outgrowth of the mindsets of “I” and “Mine.” The Vedas, the ancient scriptures of India, consider this way of thinking to be very detrimental towards the cultivation of spiritual knowledge. Knowledge of the Absolute, or at least some inquisitiveness about the highest authority figure, greatly aids the conditioned individual in ascending to the highest platform of consciousness, Krishna consciousness. This purified mindset, that of always thinking about and remembering God, allows the soul to transcend the stringent laws of nature, the codes that force one to be bound to the cycle of birth and death. While miserliness is bad in a spiritual sense, it also hurts those who are only worried about losing their illusory possessions.
“O daughter of Gargacharya, he who leaves this world without learning about the infallible Supreme is a kripana, or miser.” (Brihad-aranyaka Upanishad, 3.9.10)
Lord Krishna Why are worldly objects considered illusory? An illusion is something unreal, that which is not. For example, if we travel through the desert, the temperature is often so hot that it causes steam or hot air to hover above the surface of the ground. From a distance, this heat gives the visual of an oasis, or a pool of water. In the scorching heat, just the sight of water is enough to make one anxious, giving them hope of relief from their distressful condition. Yet since the image of an oasis is merely an illusion, it is known as a mirage.
Our possessions can be thought of in the same light. This really isn’t so difficult to understand. The term “possession” implies ownership; the act of acquiring an object of importance, something to derive happiness from. If we purchase a house from someone else, the ownership of the land and the building that resides on it changes hands. One person, the original owner, parts with their possession, the house, in exchange for money. The other person, the buyer, parts with their money in exchange for the possession of the house. Though the buyer is acquiring something, the house, they are simultaneously separating from something else; their hard earned money. This money is gathered through work or through the sale of some other object of value. Therefore money is not to be taken lightly. Throwing money around isn’t a common practice, for the wise remember the initial effort required to earn it.
Home construction What if the house wasn’t bought from someone else, but rather, built from scratch? Again, the same exchange, the parting and acquiring of a good, is visible. In order to build the house, trees must be cut down, brush must be cleared, and nails must be hammered. All of these objects must come from somewhere, for human beings are incapable of producing matter. All that humans can create is new life, but even then, it is the presence of the soul within the body that causes its growth. When the new house is built, other elements are shifted, transformed, and eventually parted with. After the house is erected, we may live in it for upwards of thirty or forty years, but eventually either the house or our body will be destroyed. Therefore, based on the house example, it is accurate to describe the nature of material possessions as illusory, or at least temporary.
While these facts are quite obvious to many, they are easily forgotten by those who are miserly. A miser is constantly in the mode of defense. They have certain possessions that they refuse to part with, be it money, a house, or even time. The miser forgets that they will have to part with all of their possessions eventually anyway, so there is no real claim to any of the property. On a higher level of thought, everything in this world originally belongs to God. We most certainly can lay a rightful claim to the property that we acquire peaceably and voluntarily, but technically, such property is simply on loan from the original Divine Being, the Creator of all things matter and spirit. If we mistakenly take everything in this world to be ours, we are essentially saying that we are God. It is precisely this mindset that leads to the repetition of birth and death.
Shrila Prabhupada The acharyas, the authority figures following the tenets of the Vedas, advise us to shed this flawed view of our worldly possessions. In addition to taking to direct worship of the Supreme Lord, a good practice is to avoid miserliness. The opposite of being cheap is being liberal. This doesn’t mean that we should spend our money with reckless abandon, but rather, we shouldn’t refrain from being kind and charitable to others. This is especially true when others have offered us some service in the past. It is bad enough to be an ordinary miser, or kripana, but it is even worse to be stingy when someone else has been kind and charitable towards us already. The more we repay our debts, the more we purify ourselves. The purer the individual, the greater their chances are for liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
While we certainly owe a debt to our friends, family, and fellow man for the kind services they provide us, no one is more deserving of our gratitude and kindness than Bhagavan, the original proprietor. This was the point raised by Sugriva, a famous Vanara warrior and king. During the Treta Yuga, the second time period of creation, the forest dwellers were known as Vanaras, which were a human-like race of monkeys. These monkeys had the great fortune of meeting Lord Rama, an incarnation of Godhead. Though Rama is declared to be a primary incarnation of Lord Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, in the authoritative Vedic literatures, one doesn’t need to believe that Rama is Divine in order to derive a great lesson from His dealings with Sugriva and the Vanaras.
Lord Rama Shri Rama was playing the part of a human being, a fallible living entity who had to suffer through the ups and downs of ordinary life. Yet Rama was a qualified incarnation of Godhead, so if He was going to show suffering, He couldn’t undergo any ordinary calamities. Depending on age and surroundings, one’s definition of what constitutes suffering will vary. In our youth, having to wake up early and sit in school all day is a great form of suffering. As we get older, dealing with romantic relationships is the greatest source of distress. As the famous song says, “Breaking up is hard to do”, getting together and parting with a significant other are not easy things to deal with. As we mature a little bit, having to take care of our own children, watching them grow, worrying about them constantly, and hoping that they won’t fail in life are the greatest forms of suffering. Finally, in the latter stages of life, the greatest source of distress is the fear of death, an end to the way of life we have grown accustomed to.
In order to garner the attention and attachment of His fellow sons and daughters, Bhagavan decided to put Himself through some of the most troubling situations during His time on earth as Rama. Shri Rama lost His kingdom on the day He was to be coronated as the new king. He lost His riches and claim to His kingdom at the same time. Worst of all, Rama lost the association of His wife Sita Devi when she was kidnapped by a Rakshasa demon in the forest. In trying to find her whereabouts, Rama made His way to the Kishkindha forest, where He met up with Sugriva and formed an alliance.
Rama's alliance with the Vanaras The arrangement with Sugriva was pretty straightforward: Rama would help him regain his kingdom by killing Vali, and Sugriva would in turn help the Lord find Sita. Rama did His part by killing Vali while the monkey was engaged in a fight with Sugriva, his brother. Upon Vali’s death, Sugriva regained his lost kingdom and subsequently took to celebration. Being a monkey, he had a natural penchant for intoxication and sex life. After months of enjoyment on the part of the Vanaras, Lakshmana, Rama’s younger brother, grew irate. The monkey king had made a deal after all, and now he wasn’t coming through. Sita still wasn’t found, while Rama was left to sit and wait. Lakshmana angrily approached the monkey, and through the good graces of Hanuman, Sugriva finally came to his senses.
In the above referenced statement, Sugriva is offering kind words to Shri Rama. All the monkeys had approached the Lord and offered to serve Him. Sugriva is remarking that any person who fails to repay the good deeds performed for him by a friend or well-wisher is certainly a disgrace. In this way, Sugriva is openly admitting that it was his duty to meet his end of the bargain, to help Rama find Sita. Eventually, the Vanaras would be successful in this mission, with Hanuman leaping his way to the island kingdom of Lanka and finding Sita. Rama would regain His wife, kingdom, and peace of mind. Sugriva and the rest of the monkeys ended up being some of Rama’s closest associates, His beloved friends.
LordChaitanya Aside from avoiding miserliness in our ordinary dealings, we should also avoid being stingy in spiritual life. God has already given us the tools with which to work, the necessary procedures, guidelines, and practices to achieve perfection in life. Of all of Bhagavan’s gifts to us, the greatest is the maha-mantra, “Hare Krishna Hare Krishna, Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare”. This sacred formula allows us to produce the sound vibration representation of the original Divine Being. After being universally empowered by Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, this mantra was passed down to allow any person to make progress in spiritual life, allowing them to become free of their flawed mindset brought about by association with illusory material objects. Let us repay this kind favor by regularly chanting this most sacred mantra, at least sixteen rounds a day on a set of japa beads. The Lord doesn’t want our money or our possessions, just our sincere and loving thoughts. Let us not be misers in this area, for the greatest human beings are those that repay the good deeds done in their favor.
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No Need To Forget
Posted by krishnasmercy on December 31, 2010
Lord Rama “When angered, Raghava is capable of bringing the entire world, including all devas, asuras, and Gandharvas, under His control simply by taking up His bow.” (Hanuman speaking to Sugriva, Valmiki Ramayana, Kishkindha Kand, 32.19)
This cogent advice, forever grounded in the truth, was offered by the esteemed, supremely worshipable, Shri Hanuman, the most celebrated servant of Shri Rama. In this passage, we are reminded both of the Almighty’s all-powerful strength and His ability to take away everything visible before us. This world is temporary after all, so there must be a creator and a destroyer. Only the original Divine Being exists forever in His transcendental form; thus He is the only person who lives through the creations and destructions of the innumerable universes. Though there is no reason to ever forget about the original person, the ultimate reservoir of pleasure, the living entities invariably do shift their mind’s attention towards other interests. When the mind starts to drift, it is helpful to be reminded of the Lord’s attributes, especially as it relates to our particular areas of interest.
“O Arjuna, I control heat, the rain and the drought. I am immortality, and I am also death personified. Both being and nonbeing are in Me.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 9.19)
Vanaras building bridge to Lanka In this particular instance, the areas of interest relate to a kingdom and all the opulences that come with it. Many thousands of years ago, the forest dwellers in Kishkindha were basking in the reacquisition of a lost kingdom. During those times, the forest inhabitants were known as Vanaras, which is a Sanskrit word which means “of the forest.” Since these events took place so long ago, the species residing in the forests weren’t necessarily human beings or monkeys. The Vanaras were a combination of both; not some mythological creatures, but rather, a species specific to the time period. According to Vedic information, the varieties in species are caused by the innumerable combinations of material qualities that souls accept upon entry into the temporary creation. The only permanent creation exists in the spiritual sky, a realm where the Lord in His original form and His liberated associates enjoy each other’s company. The temporary creation is the world that we currently inhabit, a place full of misery, duality, and heartache. Since every soul has different desires to act out on this temporary playground, they are each given bodies with different qualities to make use of. The Vanaras of the Treta Yuga were one particular type of species who primarily possessed monkey-like characteristics, along with the ability to speak and take in knowledge.
Since they were also human-like, the Vanaras assembled together into kingdoms just as ordinary human beings do. In one particular kingdom, there was a quarrel between two brothers, Vali and Sugriva. On one occasion, Vali was drawn into a cave while fighting with an enemy. Sugriva, who was waiting outside, thought he heard Vali breathe his last, so in order to save the rest of his kingdom from the wrath of the demon, he decided to close up the only exit/entry to the cave. In reality though, it was the demon who had died and Vali who had lived. Able to make his way out of the cave, Vali became enraged towards Sugriva, thinking that his brother had closed up the cave on purpose so as to take over the kingdom. A fight ensued, with Sugriva eventually being driven out of his kingdom.
Rama and Lakshmana Sugriva, taking shelter in the forest of Kishkindha, a place where Vali was forbidden from entering, had the good fortune of meeting Shri Rama and His younger brother Lakshmana. Rama and Lakshmana are famous throughout India today, as is Hanuman. Rama is considered an incarnation of Godhead, a primary avatara of Lord Vishnu. Vishnu, Krishna, Rama, and Narayana are interchangeable names for the person the rest of the world refers to as God. These names are more descriptive than the name “God” because they reference specific attributes and transcendental qualities possessed by the Lord. In the case of Rama, the name also refers to a specific incarnation of Godhead who appeared on earth and enacted wonderful pastimes.
As Lord Rama, the Supreme Absolute Truth, the blissful Personality of Godhead, roamed the earth in His transcendental form of a pious kshatriya prince. Rama, as the eldest son of Maharaja Dasharatha, played the part of the pious descendant of the Raghu dynasty based in Ayodhya. While roaming the forests for fourteen years with His younger brother Lakshmana, Rama’s wife Sita Devi was kidnapped by a Rakshasa demon named Ravana. Sita was also with the group on their sojourn through the forest, but at the time of the kidnapping, both Rama and Lakshmana happened to be absent from the group’s hermitage. Upon learning of Sita’s disappearance, Rama and Lakshmana frantically began a search for her whereabouts. One particular Rakshasa later informed them that the monkey-king Sugriva living in Kishkindha would be able to help them in their search.
Rama shooting Vali Upon reaching Kishkindha, a meeting between Rama and Sugriva was brokered by Hanuman, Sugriva’s chief minister. This meeting then led to an alliance, a sort of implied agreement. Sugriva wanted to regain his kingdom from Vali and Rama wanted to find His wife. Both agreed to help each other out with what they needed. Lord Rama held up His end of the bargain. Sugriva challenged Vali to a fight, and while the monkeys were engaged in battle, Rama shot Vali in the back with an arrow. Upon the monkey’s death, Sugriva and his subjects regained their kingdom.
Since the Vanaras were more monkey-like than human-like, they naturally took to excessive celebration after their victory. Sugriva spent months engaged in intoxication and sex life with innumerable female consorts. After considerable time had passed, Lakshmana’s patience ran out. Rama was faithful to the agreement, but Sugriva had failed to live up to his end. Sita was still missing and no one knew where she was. Lakshmana then angrily approached Sugriva’s home and asked to have a face-to-face meeting with the king. Hearing of Lakshmana’s anger, Sugriva became afraid and asked his counselors about what should be done. Hanuman stepped in and offered some sound words of advice.
Lord Rama In the above referenced quote, Hanuman is reminding Sugriva of Rama’s powers. Hanuman, who is a pure devotee of Shri Rama, knows the Lord very well. Hanuman never thinks of anyone else, so he never fails to remember Rama’s potencies. Lord Rama is generally depicted as very happy, wearing a pleasing smile on His face. He is God after all, so why wouldn’t He be happy? Yet here Hanuman is reminding Sugriva that Rama can also get angry if need be. It was through the Lord’s fighting prowess that Sugriva was able to enjoy the happiness that he was currently basking in. Therefore it was incumbent upon the monkey-king to hold up his end of the bargain. Lord Rama, as the most powerful warrior the world had ever seen, was not only capable of killing Vali and others, but He was capable of destroying the entire creation, including the residents of different planets. The demigods are the pious elevated living entities who reside in the heavenly planets. The asuras are the demons; they generally reside in the lower hellish planets. The Gandharvas are the celestial singers who entertain the demigods in heaven with their sweet songs. Lord Rama was so powerful that He could bring all of these entities under His control simply by shooting one arrow from His bow.
While Hanuman’s words reference a specific situation where an agreement between two parties was broken, the statement applies to all of us. The natural order of things, the way things ought to be, is to have the living entities constantly serve God. The mood of this service can vary, but the two separate entities, with one being superior and one being inferior, must be recognized. The Lord is meant to be worshiped, and the living entities are meant to provide that worship. But this devotion must be practiced voluntarily.
There is an inherent covenant established between the living entities and their supreme object of pleasure, Shri Krishna. God has already held up His end of the bargain. He supplies our food and other necessities through His different agents who are in charge of the material creation. The Lord has already established the condition in which our service to Him can be carried out. One may be inclined to disagree with this assertion, for how can everyone offer service to God? Aren’t some of us in distressful conditions, forced to suffer through famine, war, and natural disasters? For the people of this age, the easiest and most effective devotional activity is the chanting of the Lord’s names, “Hare Krishna Hare Krishna, Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare”. Since this chanting process is available to all of us, it should be understood that the Lord has already created a condition sufficient enough for our devotional efforts to be carried out without impediment.
Hanuman chanting The ball is now in our court. Sugriva, upon hearing Hanuman’s words, decided to kindly pacify Lakshmana and pay back the debts owed to Shri Rama. Sugriva was eternally benefitted as a result, for Rama was able to find Sita , kill her abductor, and return triumphantly to His kingdom with all His friends and associates. Sugriva not only regained his kingdom, but through his service to Rama, he became famous throughout the world as a great devotee. For the conditioned entities living in the present, there is no reason to forget Rama or His powers. Currently our devotion is directed elsewhere towards objects which are nothing more than transformations of matter. Since God is the creator, maintainer, and destroyer of that matter, we would be better served shifting our devotion towards Him. There is no need to forget the all-powerful and all-merciful Lord. He is kindly awaiting our service and our subsequent return to His spiritual abode.
Demon Worship
Posted by krishnasmercy on August 27, 2010
Rama and Lakshmana fighting Ravana “…Lord Rama was so saintly that people were anxious to live in His kingdom, (Rama-rajya), but Lord Rama never showed any cowardice. Ravana was an aggressor against Rama because he kidnapped Rama’s wife, Sita, but Lord Rama gave him sufficient lessons, unparalleled in the history of the world.” (Shrila Prabhupada, Bhagavad-gita, 1.36 Purport)
Ravana is one of the more intriguing figures in history, especially for those who live in India. While most people who grow up in the Western world have certainly heard about Lord Jesus Christ, not every person is aware of the details surrounding his birth, life’s activities, or teachings. In India, however, almost every person is acutely aware of the heroic and villainous figures of the Vedic tradition. Amongst all the heroes, probably the most celebrated is Lord Rama, an incarnation of Godhead who appeared on earth many thousands of years ago. Where there is a hero, naturally there will also be a villain, so this part was played by a Rakshasa named Ravana. The interactions between Rama and Ravana are chronicled in full detail in the famous Ramayana poem penned by Maharishi Valmiki. While most sober people realize that Rama is a divine figure and that Ravana is an enemy of God, there are still many who take to worshiping Ravana instead of Rama.
Lord Rama The first point that must be stressed is that when God comes to earth, He doesn’t just fight with anyone. According to Vedic doctrine, there is only one God for all of humanity, but He takes many different forms, each tailored to attract a certain kind of person. Everyone is the same spiritually, but their bodily makeup can vary. Some are pious, some are mixed in piety and passion, and some live completely in ignorance. God is for everyone, so for this definition to be valid, He must have an attractive feature for every type of person. Therefore the Lord expands Himself into direct copies and sometimes partially direct copies in order to attract the wayward souls. On special occasions, however, the Lord personally comes in an original form, a body which is completely spiritual and existing eternally. This was the case with Lord Rama, considered one of the most prominent avataras of Lord Vishnu, the Supreme Godhead and expansion of Lord Krishna.
Aside from giving pleasure to the saintly class, God’s incarnations also serve to annihilate miscreants. On the highest level of understanding, there is no difference between good and bad people. A good person is usually equated with one who takes to acts of piety. Piety is really any activity which leads to a relative or temporary return of one’s consciousness to its original position. Originally, every spirit soul, including one in the body of an animal, plant, or aquatic, is God conscious. This means that their primary thoughts and ideas are focused around God and loving service to Him. In this world, however, that consciousness becomes perverted. Instead of God conscious, we become body conscious, so we take the demands of our senses to be of utmost importance. This consciousness then drives us to different activities. Pious activities are those which bring about a temporary return to the original consciousness; activities that allow us to remember God for a short period of time. The duration of this consciousness eventually expires, thus a return to our former state of body consciousness is inevitable. The same holds true with sinful activities, i.e. they cause a temporary diversion from body consciousness to total ignorance. Eventually one returns to their previous state.
Vishnu avataras Since there is really no good or bad in a material sense, God doesn’t take any direct interest in the day to day affairs of the material creation. So why do the avataras come to earth then? There are special occasions where certain demoniac elements rise to power. If there is no such thing as bad, how can anyone be a demon? We can think of it in this way: While there is no good or bad, there is hot and cold. The aim of human life is to rekindle one’s God consciousness, an achievement which allows the wayward spirit soul to return to its original constitutional position permanently. Upon assuming this God consciousness, the soul returns to the spiritual world, where it always thinks about, serves, and associates with the Supreme Lord. Therefore all activities conducted in the conditioned state can be thought of as either getting us closer towards the ultimate destination [warmer], or further away [colder]. Under this paradigm, the demons are those people who thwart the activities of those who are trying to get warmer. Krishna, or God, is the ultimate energetic, the source of all heat and light, so those who are trying to get closer and closer to this powerhouse of energy are certainly on the warmer path. These people are known as devotees. The demons, while certainly remaining on the colder path by taking to sinful activity, sink to an even lower level by trying to thwart the activities of the devotees.
God doesn’t stand for this. It is one thing if a person wants to ruin their own lives. That is all well and good, for every living entity is granted a small amount of freedom. This independence manifests through acts of sense gratification and choices as far as which direction to take in life. But the Lord objects when this freedom is misused to infringe on the rights of others, especially as it relates to spiritual life. In this regard, there was one demon in particular many thousands of years ago who had taken to harassing the saintly class of men. At the time, many sages had taken to forest life since it was peaceful and thus conducive towards the practice of austerity and sacrifice. These two practices, austerity and sacrifice, or tapasya and yajna, are two critical components of a potent spiritual discipline. When practiced correctly, these two techniques can deliver quick results in one’s pursuit towards God consciousness.
Sages living in the forest The sages had no problem living in the forests because even the animals residing there didn’t bother them. A certain race of demons known as Rakshasas didn’t play as nicely. Since every material body is composed of so many varying elements, there are actually 8,400,000 different life forms. The Rakshasas are one of them, and their bodies are mostly made up of the mode of ignorance. Nevertheless, they closely resemble humans, but due to their ignorance, they live almost completely in sin. As mentioned before, this sin only causes a temporary deviation from body consciousness, but due to their demoniac nature, these Rakshasas took to harassing the sages living in the forest. What was the nature of this harassment? The Rakshasas could assume any shape at will. Taking advantage of this ability, they would first approach the sages in a non-threatening form. Then, when the sages had their guard down, the Rakshasas would reassume their original form and attack the innocent saints. Killing the sages wasn’t enough, for the Rakshasas would eat their flesh afterwards. This was all done right at the time of a sacrifice, meaning that they waited until the sages were engaged in the most important part of their duties.
The leader of these Rakshasas was a demon named Ravana. He had set up a beautiful kingdom on the island of Lanka. On the strength of boons given to him by Lord Brahma and Lord Shiva, Ravana was invincible against almost anyone in battle except ordinary human beings. Brahma and Shiva are suras, or devotees, so it may seem strange that they would grant Ravana boons. While Krishna, or God, is not required to give anything to anyone, this is not the case with the demigods. As mentioned before, the Lord has no interest in material advancement or regression, so if someone desperately wants to acquire material powers, the Lord doesn’t stand in their way. In order to encourage religious practice, the Lord put in place several heads of state, elevated living entities known as demigods who are in charge of giving rewards to anyone who pleases them properly. In this regard, Lord Brahma and Lord Shiva were bound by duty to give Ravana whatever he wanted, up to the reward of immortality. Lord Brahma himself isn’t immortal, so he surely can’t grant this boon to anyone else.
Sita Devi The Ramayana is quite lengthy, so describing Ravana’s entire life would certainly require pages and pages of discussion and descriptions. Long story short, God appeared on earth as Rama to kill Ravana. Rama was born as a prince belonging to a very famous family of warriors. While residing in the forest of Dandaka, Ravana would come and steal Rama’s wife, Sita Devi, while the Lord was temporarily away from her side. This set the wheels in motion for Ravana’s demise. Eventually Rama would march to Lanka, and aided by an army of monkeys, He would defeat Ravana and his army, killing the demon and rescuing Sita.
This wonderful historical event has been celebrated ever since. For the suras, the event reminds them of God’s triumph over the demons. Ravana was harassing the saints, so God stepped in to save them. For the philosophers and impersonalist mental speculators, the event represented the victory of good over evil. For the non-devotees, however, the event represented the slaying of a great king, a powerful materialist who had to be taken down by Rama for no justifiable reason. One would be surprised to know that Ravana is still worshiped to this day by many in India. Some view him as a great king, while others conjure up crackpot theories such as that Ravana was so powerful that Rama became jealous of him. Then there are others who adore Ravana since he was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. So what do we make of all this?
As mentioned before, when God comes to fight in this world, His adversaries are no ordinary people. From Vedic information, we understand that God’s enemies all receive the salvation of merging into His transcendental body. This type of mukti, or liberation, is considered inferior to the liberation of associating with God in His eternal body. Nevertheless, it is still a type of liberation, or an end to the repeated cycle of birth and death. God grants this liberation because these demons think of the Lord at the time of death. One’s consciousness while quitting their body determines the type of body they will receive in the next life. Ravana was thinking of Rama, or God, at the time of death, so naturally He was able to merge into the Lord’s body.
Lord Rama From the Uttara-kanda of Valmiki’s Ramayana, and also from the Ramacharitamanasa of Tulsidas, we see that Ravana wasn’t actually so evil. Since the events of the Ramayana occur over and over again in each creation, sometimes the events unfold in different ways, though the general sequence remains the same. In some kalpas [creations], Ravana is a great king in his previous life, a pious soul who gets tricked by a former adversary into feeding flesh to brahmanas. The brahmanas then curse the king to take birth as a hideous Rakshasa in his next life. In another kalpa, we see that Ravana one day approaches the great sage Sanatkumara and asks him what happens to people who die while fighting human beings and demigods. The sage answers that the fighter would go to heaven for a period of time, and then return back to earth. Ravana then asks what would happen to those who die while fighting Vishnu. The sage answers that the fighter would attain Vishnu’s nature. Upon learning of this, Ravana decides to take away Sita in order to be killed by Vishnu in battle.
In the Ramacharitamanasa, we see that Ravana eagerly awaited defeat from Rama, though outwardly he continued to play the part of the demon to perfection. This is an interesting point that shouldn’t be overlooked. Every single living entity is part and parcel of God, so at their core, they are perfect beings. They are gold that is currently covered up by material elements. Even the most vile person, be they a killer, a thief, a rapist, etc., is part and parcel of God and a devotee at heart. So does this mean that we should worship everyone? While everyone may be a devotee originally, they can’t be considered pure until they exhibit the proper qualities. When we criticize Ravana for his actions, we aren’t saying that he isn’t a devotee. Rather, we know that he only played the role of God’s enemy in order to teach future generations a lesson. So when we criticize him, we are finding fault with his activities and reminding people of what happens when one takes to the path of the demons.
Lord Shiva As far as Ravana’s devotion to Lord Shiva goes, it should be noted that this devotion was not offered out of any type of love. Ravana first tried to battle Lord Shiva, and only after being soundly defeated did he take to worshiping him. In fact, this was how all of Ravana’s friendships were formed. There was a great monkey king by the name of Vali who Ravana tried to once fight. At the time of their meeting, Vali was on a beach involved in meditation. Instead of waiting for him to finish his meditation, Ravana decided to do a sneak attack from behind. Vali of course could sense the demon coming, so he waited until the opportune moment and then put Ravana in a headlock. Vali was extremely powerful, so Ravana was unable to free himself from the monkey’s grip. Vali then paraded Ravana in the sky for all to see. After being defeated in this way, Ravana decided to forge a friendship with Vali, with their alliance ratified in the presence of fire.
The lesson here is that there is no need to imitate Ravana’s activities or even to worship him. Demons and other materialists may acquire great powers, but there is no need to be enamored by this. Though fictional villains such as Darth Vader and the Joker are adored and loved by many, imitating their nefarious behavior certainly isn’t recommended. While we are thankful to Ravana for acting as a sparring partner for Lord Rama, our devotional efforts should be directed at the Supreme Lord. He is the only person who can grant us the highest type of liberation, a permanent return to our original constitutional position. One who thinks of God in a loving way at the time of death ultimately attains the Lord’s nature of bliss and knowledge. This nature is acquired not through merging into the Lord’s body, but rather through constant association with God and His devotees in the spiritual world. Krishna is the only deva for all of mankind, for even Lord Shiva and Lord Brahma worship Him on a daily basis.
The Secret Weapon
Posted by krishnasmercy on July 30, 2010
Lord Brahma “With Vaidehi [Sita] being thus insulted, all the moving and nonmoving beings of the world were put into a chaotic condition and were surrounded by a dense blinding darkness. The wind did not blow and the sun did not shine. Seeing with his divine vision that Sita was overcome, the illustrious great-father [Brahma] said, ‘My work is done.’ All the supreme rishis who were present felt both pleased and distressed.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 52.9-11)
The kidnapping of Sita Devi, the wife of Lord Rama, is one of the more troubling incidents to hear about for devotees. Sita Devi was beautiful, kind, chaste, and never bothered anybody during her time on earth. She was the embodiment of the perfect woman. Simply hearing about her being forcibly dragged into the aerial car of the demon Ravana and made to sit on his lap, is enough to make devotees cringe. This incident leads many to scorn God Himself for allowing such an insult to take place. On the flip side, however, Sita’s kidnapping was a very joyous occasion for the demigods.
Sita Devi Sita Devi is considered an incarnation of Goddess Lakshmi, the wife of Lord Narayana in the spiritual world. The Vedas tell us that the original form of God is Krishna, but that He then expands into several vishnu-tattva expansions to perform specific duties. Lord Vishnu, or Narayana, is Krishna’s primary expansion. The only real difference between Krishna and Vishnu is that Vishnu has four hands, while Krishna has two. Again, these differences exist simply because of the different functions that each must perform. In the Bhagavad-gita, Lord Krishna states that He rewards devotees in the manner in which they worship Him. Some devotees prefer to worship Narayana, while others are Krishna bhaktas. In the end, there is no difference between the two.
God is not alone in the spiritual world. Just as we have our own family members in this world, the Lord has eternal associates in the spiritual world. Krishna is the energetic, and His pleasure potency expansions represent His energy. God derives pleasure from His devotees through their engagements in different transcendental mellows, or rasas. The most advanced devotees know how to give the most pleasure to God, thus they are classified as hladini-shakti, or pleasure potency expansions. Krishna’s pleasure potencies are the gopis of Vrindavana, the chief of whom is Shrimati Radharani. In a similar manner, Lord Narayana’s eternal consort is Goddess Lakshmi, a beautiful devi who provides wealth and good fortune to her devotees. Since she is God’s wife, it makes sense that Lakshmi would be in charge of fortune. No one is more fortunate than God due simply to the fact that the goddess of fortune serves Him.
Goddess Lakshmi Vishnu appears on earth from time to time to enact specific pastimes. He takes birth in the guise of a living entity, but His body always remains spiritual. God usually doesn’t come alone either, as His closest family members appear with Him. One of God’s most famous appearances took place during the Treta Yuga, the second time period of creation. At the time, the demon class of men, the Rakshasa, was steadily ascending to power all over the world. Human beings are considered the most elevated species since they have the brain capacity to understand God. Not only can they learn about spiritual matters, but they can use that knowledge to free themselves from the repeated cycle of birth and death. This liberation is known as mukti, and it is the opinion of the Vedas that the human being has the best chance at achieving this.
The human beings aren’t the only species on earth. Scientists posit various theories about creatures who previously lived on the earth but that are now extinct, like the dinosaurs. We also see that scientists always seem to discover new species that they never heard of before. The Vedas, which serve as the original knowledge base for all things material and spiritual, tell us that there are 8,400,000 different species. This number is so high because the living entity can possess the three qualities of material nature [goodness, passion, and ignorance] in various combinations and permutations. One species can be in 50% goodness, while another may be in 25% goodness and 75% ignorance. The human being mostly lives in passion, but there is a catch. We have a choice as to which mode we want to associate with. Not only can we choose to act in goodness, passion, or ignorance, but we also have the option to rise above these three modes and engage in pure goodness, known as shudda-sattva. The lower species don’t have this choice due to their lack of intelligence.
“The Vedas mainly deal with the subject of the three modes of material nature. Rise above these modes, O Arjuna. Be transcendental to all of them. Be free from all dualities and from all anxieties for gain and safety, and be established in the Self.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 2.45)
Life in Krishnaloka The Rakshasas are a human-like species, so they have similar features to humans, except that they live mostly in ignorance. When someone is associating with the mode of ignorance it means they are performing activities that don’t help their soul advance in the next life. The soul is eternal, but the body is not. Therefore, we can conclude that it is more important to take care of the soul than it is to take care of a body that must eventually be given up. Everyone on earth performs some sort of work. The Vedas tell us that we should perform work that will allow our souls to eventually reach the final destination of Krishnaloka, or the spiritual sky. Once a soul goes back to God’s spiritual world, it never has to come back to the material world.
Acting in the mode of goodness allows one to take birth in a pious family in the next life, or even in the body of a demigod, an elevated living entity. The mode of passion allows one to remain a human being, thus it is essentially a mode of neutrality. The mode of ignorance causes one to descend to a lower species in the next life. This mode is characterized by excessive eating, sleeping, intoxication, and a general disregard for the laws of dharma. The Rakshasas of the Treta Yuga fit right into this mold. Their leader was Ravana, a ten-headed monster who ruled over the kingdom of Lanka. He was always drinking wine and having sex with his innumerable wives. He loved to eat meat, especially the flesh of sages that he and his Rakshasas had personally killed.
Ravana was very powerful and a staunch enemy of the demigods. Krishna and Vishnu represent the Supreme God, and the demigods represent His chief deputies. The demigods are in charge of various departments of the material creation. Though they are also very powerful, they are still fallible living entities. This means that they too are subject to the forces of material nature as manifested through birth and death. Since the beginning of time, the demigods have been engaged in a battle with the demons. The demigods, or godly people, are referred to as suras and the demons as asuras. Ravana was an asura who regularly fought with the demigods. Since he was too strong for them, the demigods were deathly afraid for their lives and also for the future condition of the earth. As a last resort, they sought the shelter of Lord Vishnu. They begged Him to come to earth and kill Ravana, and thereby relieve their suffering.
There was a catch to this though. Lord Brahma had granted Ravana several boons due to austerities he had performed. God is never forced to answer anyone’s prayers since He is aloof from the day-to-day affairs of the material world. The demigods, on the other hand, are duty-bound to grant benedictions to anyone who pleases them properly. Ravana took advantage of this by performing great austerities to please the demigods. They in turn granted him several boons which boosted his strength. They also granted him immunity in battle against all the demigods and other celestial beings. Thus Ravana thought he was immortal. He made a costly mistake, however, in that he forgot to ask for immunity from human beings. Ravana thought that if a celestial couldn’t defeat him, surely no lowly man could.
Lord Rama Lord Vishnu used this loophole to appear on earth in the form of a human being, the prince of Ayodhya, Lord Rama. One more issue remained though for the demigods. Rama took birth in a very pious kshatriya family that traced their ancestry all the way back to Maharaja Ikshvaku, the first king on earth. This meant that Lord Rama was obliged to adhere to chivalry and the established rules of conduct for a king. One of the most important rules for the warrior class is that they are not allowed to attack another person without just cause. This means that technically Rama couldn’t attack Ravana or take him on in battle without a legitimate excuse. This is where Sita Devi came in.
At the same time that Vishnu was appearing on earth as Rama, Goddess Lakshmi was appearing as Sita Devi, the daughter of King Janaka of Mithila. Sita and Rama were eventually married, as was their destiny. After twelve years of marriage, the pair roamed the forests of India along with Lakshmana. Ravana, hearing of this beautiful woman staying in the forest of Dandaka, decided that he had to have her. He set up a diversion which lured Rama and Lakshmana away from their cottage, leaving the door open for Sita’s abduction.
Jatayu fighting Ravana While Ravana was flying away on his aerial car with Sita, the king of birds, Jatayu, intercepted him and took him on in battle. After a fierce fight, Ravana eventually killed Jatayu, and then safely flew back to his island kingdom of Lanka with Sita. In the above referenced quote, Lord Brahma is remarking how his work has been accomplished, and the saints living in the forest are described as being both aggrieved and delighted over the incident. The saints were aggrieved because Sita was forcibly taken away from her husband. Yet they, along with Brahma, were happy because they knew that this incident signaled the end of Ravana. Lord Rama now had the excuse He needed to take on Ravana and kill him in battle.
The pious never attack without just cause. Even in today’s world, the police are never allowed to search someone’s property without probable cause. Police officers and FBI officials must obtain warrants prior to searching someone’s house. If evidence is obtained without following the proper protocol, it becomes inadmissible in the court of law. This may seem unfair, as it leads to criminals getting off on technicalities, but these laws are put into place to protect the innocent. Lord Rama, being especially dedicated to dharma, believed in these laws as well. His younger brother Lakshmana once noted that not even the people punished by Rama could find anything bad to say about Him. This was because even the criminals knew that Rama didn’t hold any personal grudges and that He always adhered to the righteous path.
The lesson here is that there is no need to become distressed from hearing of Sita’s kidnap. Lord Rama’s wife was certainly delicate, beautiful, and full of class, but she was by no means weak. Ravana was an extremely powerful demon who could not be defeated by even the greatest celestials. It was his addiction to illicit sex that led to his downfall. In this way, Sita Devi proved to be the secret weapon, the ticking time-bomb so to speak. She singlehandedly took down one of the greatest demons of all time.
Rama Darbar This shows the power of God’s pleasure potency. Sita Devi is meant to associate with God and His devotees. When put into the hands of the demons, or the enemies of God, she proves to be deadly, as was the case with Ravana. When she associates with the devotees, however, she bestows eternal fame and fortune. Lord Hanuman is a great example of this. Unlike Ravana, Hanuman had love and respect for Sita. He served her to the best of his ability, and as a reward, Sita and Rama granted him eternal devotion to their holy feet. To this day, Hanuman is known throughout the world as the greatest servant of Sita, Rama, and Lakshmana. If we kindly pray to Sita Devi to allow us to love her and her husband, she will surely be pleased with us and fulfill all our desires.
Seeing God
Posted by krishnasmercy on March 22, 2010
Rama_Deity “Rama is like a mad elephant in battle. He has a purified and unblemished family lineage for His trunk, brilliance and splendor for His excitement, and two powerful arms for tusks. O Ravana, you are not even qualified to look at Him.” (Maricha speaking to Ravana, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 31.46)
Quite a few transcendentalists have as their goal to one day see God. They perform rigorous austerities and deep meditation in the hopes of one day meeting the Lord face to face. There are others who wish to one day meet a yogi or an advanced transcendentalist who has seen God. In fact, many saintly people advertise the fact that they have seen God through their meditation. In a similar manner, there are others who want to see God simply because they want others to believe in Him. “Why doesn’t God just come and make everyone His devotee? This way He can remove all doubts relating to His existence.” The truth of the matter is that God is all around us and that anyone can see Him, provided they have the proper set of eyes.
Hanuman worshiping Rama This may seem puzzling. “What do you mean by the right set of eyes? I have the eyes of a human being and I can’t see him. What other kind of eyes do I need?” There is difference between something material and something spiritual. Material objects possess gunas, or qualities. Goodness, passion, and ignorance represent the material qualities, and these are considered faulty because anything possessing gunas must be temporary. It has a beginning, middle, and end. Spiritual things are eternal, meaning they are free of any defects. We can easily see God provided that we spiritualize our eyes.
A good way to illustrate this point is to analyze the disciplines of reading and mathematics. For young children the symbols of any alphabet appear to be just jibberish. Adults can read signs, books, newspapers, etc. because they can understand what words are and what they mean. People who don’t know how to read get no use out of words and sentences. In essence, illiterate people don’t have the eyes to understand written language. It takes years of learning before someone can read properly. Even if we read a book for the first time, we may have trouble understanding it. It sometimes takes us two or three reads before we can really start to grasp concepts and find out the true meaning behind passages and phrases. Mathematics works the same way. At first there are just numbers, but they don’t mean anything by themselves. When we learn how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide, the numbers take on a whole new meaning.
Lord Krishna In the material world our eyes are in a conditioned state by default. At the time of birth, everyone is a conditioned state, meaning they are subject to the laws of nature. Sometimes the living entities are referred to as isvhara, meaning controllers, because they have independence in that they can choose how their senses will interact with nature. However, they are never the controllers of nature. The forces of maya and karma reign supreme in the material world. God, however, is never conditioned. For this reason, He is also referred to ishvara or parameshvara, meaning the supreme controller. The fatal flaw of the human being is that it tries to become the supreme controller right from its birth. The living entity becomes deluded by the concepts of “I” and “mine”. It accepts things that it likes and rejects things that it doesn’t.
In the spiritual world, these dualities don’t exist. God is the controller of everything, so we have no need to falsely think ourselves to be proprietors. On a spiritual level, everything is related to Lord Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, thus there is no concept of good or bad. Generally speaking, the mode of goodness, sattva-guna, refers to things that are good or beneficial. However, since it is still part of material nature, even the mode of goodness is flawed. This is because those associating with the mode of goodness can, at best, ascend to the material heavenly planets after death.
“O sinless one, the mode of goodness, being purer than the others, is illuminating, and it frees one from all sinful reactions. Those situated in that mode develop knowledge, but they become conditioned by the concept of happiness.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 14.6)
Residence on these planets is temporary, meaning one is forced to return to the material world. Thus the mode of goodness itself cannot grant liberation. Sudda-sattva, pure goodness, does not have this defect. The mission of human life is to rise to the platform of sudda-sattva so that we can permanently remove ourselves from this material world full of miseries.
Many people realize the flawed nature of material life. Thus they seek out God, and more importantly, they desperately want to see Him face to face. However, things aren’t that easy. Since we are so accustomed to conditioned material life, there are a few steps required before we can actually see the Lord. The most important thing we have to change is our desire. Desire itself can never be eliminated. Even people who sit in quiet meditation all day still have some sort of desire, for they want to merge into the impersonal effulgence known as Brahman or simply block out all activity. Instead of renouncing activity, the Vedas recommend that we shift our desires to spiritual things.
Shrila Prabhupada The process of bhakti yoga, or devotional service, can help us purify our desires. More than just a form of yoga, devotional service is a way of life. It is actually an eternal occupation, the original nature of the spirit soul. Bhakti means love and yoga means union of the soul with God. Devotional service is a full-time engagement where we remain connected with God. The first step is to approach a pure devotee, or bhakta. A guru, or spiritual master, is a pure devotee who is also a bona fide representative of God. He is commonly referred to as guru-deva, meaning he is god-like. Since the guru preaches the glories of Krishna, he is to be treated to be as good as God. Humbly submitting ourselves to a Vaishnava spiritual master is the first step towards seeing God.
The guru hasn’t necessarily seen God face to face. Rather, he engages in devotional service all the time, chanting His name, and worshiping His deity. This is actually better than seeing God face to face, because in this way, the guru never stops thinking about Krishna for a second. Seeing God face to face is certainly a nice achievement, but then what do we do after that? Do our desires stop? Do our activities stop? No, those must go on. So it is far better to adjust our activities in such a way that we see God all the time, wherever we turn. This can be achieved by following the instructions of the great acharyas.
The Vaishnava gurus for this age all recommend that we regularly chant the maha-mantra, “Hare Krishna Hare Krishna, Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare”. God’s original form is that of Lord Krishna, but He can expand Himself into unlimited forms. For this age, God incarnates in the form of His holy name. There is no difference between God and His name. This may seem strange to us at first, but through sincere and steady chanting, one can quickly realize this fact. The same holds true with the Lord’s deity. The archa-vigraha, God’s worshipable deity form made out of wood or stone, is just as good as God Himself. There are many instances where deities have actually talked to great personalities. Madhavendra Puri was one such saint who had the distinct honor of talking with Krishna’s deity.
The Lord is all around us. Many parents even see God in their children. This is very easy to understand because birth itself is a miracle. In an instant, a brand new person appears in our world. This person moves, sleeps, and talks all without anyone’s help. A spirit soul entering a new body is certainly a miraculous event which proves the existence of God.
Ravana Anyone can easily see God, provided they have purified their minds and eyes through the practice of devotional service. On the flip side, the materially conditioned souls will always have a difficult time seeing God. Those who are atheists or non-believers in the scriptures will never be able to see God, even if He is standing right in front of them. This was the case with the Rakshasa demon Ravana. During the Treta Yuga, the Rakshasas, an evil race of night-rangers who feasted on human flesh, were ascending to power throughout the world. Their leader was the ten-headed Ravana, the powerful king of Lanka who had procured many strength-augmenting boons from the demigods.
Lord Krishna personally advented on earth in human form as Lord Rama to do away with Ravana and to give relief to the demigods. As part of His pastimes, Rama spent fourteen years roaming the forests of India with His wife, Sita Devi, and younger brother, Lakshmana. On one occasion, Ravana sent 14,000 Rakshasas to the forest of Janasthana to attack Rama. The Lord easily defeated the demons all by Himself. One of the demons, Akampana, managed to escape and return to Lanka to tell Ravana what had happened. He told Ravana that Rama couldn’t be defeated in battle, but that He had a beautiful wife who Ravana should kidnap. Ravana had an insatiable sex desire, so he was immediately intrigued upon hearing of the beauty of Rama’s wife, Sita. Ravana went to his confidante Maricha to ask for help.
In the above referenced statement, Maricha is describing Rama’s glories to Ravana. He is openly declaring that Ravana is not worthy to even look at Rama. This was most certainly true. Ravana had evil motives, for no one is worthy of enjoying God’s wife except God Himself. Maricha is advising Ravana to stay away from Rama, for raising hostilities with Him would only lead to destruction. As events would play out, Maricha would end up helping Ravana kidnap Sita. This was preordained by the demigods, for they wanted Rama to have an excuse to battle Ravana and kill him. Eventually, Rama would march to Lanka and personally defeat and kill Ravana in battle.
The lesson from this passage is very clear. God can be easily seen, provided we have the proper eyes to view him. Ravana was an avowed enemy of the devotees of God. He thought himself to be the most powerful person in the world, thus he couldn’t recognize that God himself was before him in the form of Rama. Still, by unintentionally thinking of God at the time of death, Ravana was granted sayujya-mukti, or the liberation of merging into the body the Lord.
Shri Rama DarbarFor devotees, seeing God and merging into Him is not preferred. The great devotee of Lord Rama, Hanuman, is a perfect example in this regard. He was so exalted that he not only saw Rama personally, but he got to personally offer service to Sita, Rama, and Lakshmana. Hanuman even carried Rama and Lakshmana on his back on several occasions during battles. Yet from studying Hanuman’s nature and life activities, we understand that meeting God personally was only the beginning of his spiritual life. To this day, Hanumanji spends all his time reading the Ramayana and chanting the glories of Sita, Rama, and Lakshmana. He is our role model in this regard. Seeing God is one thing, but it is more important and pleasing to the soul to be eternally engaged in His service. This way, we get to maintain an unchecked relationship with God all the time. The great Vaishnava saint, Shrila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura, used to say that instead of trying to see God, we should act in such a way that God sees us. By making devotional service our full-time occupation, we can achieve this goal.
The Creator
Posted by krishnasmercy on March 19, 2010
Lord Rama “The highly renowned Rama rages into a fury against those who dare brave against Him. He is extremely powerful, for He can completely stop the onset of a pulsing river simply by using His arrows. Shriman Rama can bring down all the stars, planets, and the sky itself by use of His arrows. He is even capable of saving the earth if it should collapse. The illustrious Rama, if He wanted to, could deluge the whole world by breaking apart the shorelines of the seas. With His arrows, He can resist the onset of the oceans and the wind. After withdrawing the whole world into Himself, that highly renowned best of mnn, by virtue of His powers, is capable of again creating the whole world with all its creatures.” (Akampana speaking to Ravana, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 31.23-26)
During every election cycle in America, and especially when the presidency is up for grabs, we see politicians make many promises on how they will fix the problems that exist in a particular city, state, or country. Voters like to hear such things because they inherently know that people are suffering in the world and that they need to be helped. Some politicians make more grandiose promises than others, but the themes are generally the same. “I will end your suffering. I will bring jobs back. I will end war. I will clean up the environment.” They are essentially saying that they will make people happy. Sadly, the policies instituted by these politicians rarely succeed, for if they did, there would be no need to keep making new promises.
Lord Krishna Followers of the Vedas, the ancient scriptures of India, know that the underlying problem for man is his forgetfulness of God. Not only should we understand who God is, but we should then use that knowledge to love Him and take to His service. This simple shift in mindset leads to a trickle-down effect whereby everyone in society can be happy. Yet we see that the solutions proposed by politicians never have anything to do with God. In fact, if politicians mention religion at all, they get criticized for imposing their values upon others. People generally take religion to be a kind of faith, something that is not universal to everyone. For this reason, they choose to elect leaders who avoid the issue of faith completely and who look for other ways to solve problems.
One of the more notable issues in the news lately is climate change. Scientists for centuries have made wild predictions about the future of the earth, and the situation is no different today. No less than thirty years ago, the scientific consensus was that the earth was headed for a major cooling period. People were worried if we would have enough food to sustain the population going forward. Only a few years later, these predictions reversed to the point where scientists began claiming there was global warming, which was caused primarily by human activity. Politicians love hearing these predictions because it means they can impose policies that restrict human activity. In essence, they get to form their own religion, anointing themselves as God. Many politicians today openly declare that they will stop the oceans from rising and the temperatures from increasing.
In previous ages, such claims would get you labeled as insane. How can a human being control the weather? If anything, the climate is the one thing that even staunch atheists never thought man could control. Sadly, that is not the case today. The theory of man-made global warming is just that, a theory. There is no scientific evidence to support it. The proponents point to the fact that a consensus of scientists now believes in man-made global warming. Yet this is not how science is supposed to work. It is never meant to be put up to a vote. It was also recently discovered through leaked emails that some of the leading scientists in favor of the global warming theory were lying and hiding their scientific data from the general public. The computer models used by these scientists were also leaked, and as a result, many computer scientists have scrutinized them to find out that the models were flawed. In many instances, the models themselves were bound to the raw data that was inputted; i.e. constant values were hard-coded into the programming routines. This actually violates the central rule when writing computer programs that do modeling. The data and the model itself must be completely isolated; otherwise the conclusions start to favor the data that is inputted. In essence, these scientists were fudging their data in hopes of reaching the conclusions they wanted.
“The whole cosmic order is under Me. By My will it is manifested again and again, and by My will it is annihilated at the end.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 9.8)
Lord Vishnu Such revelations are not very surprising to devotees of God. The scriptures tell us that God is the Creator, meaning He creates, maintains, and destroys all by Himself. The Vedas give us even more detail regarding creation. Lord Vishnu, the chief expansion of Lord Krishna, simply breathes out once and innumerable universes are created. When He breathes in, the same universes are destroyed. Within each creation, there are other expansions of God which manage the affairs of the world. Krishna’s three guna-avataras, Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva, are in charge of the material creation in each universe. Brahma creates, Vishnu maintains, and Shiva destroys.
“O son of Kunti, at the end of the millennium every material manifestation enters into My nature, and at the beginning of another millennium, by My potency I again create.” (Lord Krishna, Bg., 9.7)
These facts are all very simple to understand, but atheists don’t believe in the authoritative statements of the Vedas. Since they have never seen anyone with the power to create in person, they believe that the world was created through a combination of chemicals. If so, where did these chemicals come from? This they can’t answer. Dismissing the Vedas as mere mythology, scientists and politicians take up the quest to figure out how to understand and control nature. This kind of thinking represents the biggest hurdle to spiritual advancement. In fact, it is the main reason for our being in this material world. Thinking ourselves to be God, the Lord allowed us to take birth here, where we could play all day and pretend to be God. Of course we can never become God, even though many pseudo-religionists claim that they are already God. No amount of meditation, renunciation, or fruitive activity can make us the richest, wisest, most beautiful, most famous, most renounced, and strongest person. These attributes can only simultaneously be possessed by Krishna, or God. Therefore He is also known as Bhagavan.
Lord Rama The only possible way a person could believe that man can control the weather is if they don’t believe in God. Religion and atheistic science are diametrically opposed. As mentioned before, God creates everything. One simply has to accept the authoritative statements of Vedas and the great acharyas who follow its teachings. But breaking free of our desire to be like God is not easy. Therefore the Lord personally descends to earth from time to time to remind us of His greatness. This was the case during the Treta Yuga, the second time period of creation. As Lord Rama, God appeared in the guise of a kshatriya prince, famous throughout the world for His dedication to dharma and His fighting ability.
While staying in the forest of Janasthana with His brother, Lakshmana, and His wife, Sita Devi, Rama was attacked by 14,000 Rakshasas sent by their leader Ravana. The Lord single-handedly killed all of them. Akampana, one of the Rakshasas, managed to escape alive. He returned to Lanka and described the events to Ravana. Ravana was a committed atheist who believed that he was the strongest person in the world. Having defeated all the demigods, Ravana thought there was no one in the world who could conquer him. In essence, he thought he was God. Upon hearing what had happened in Janasthana, Ravana couldn’t believe it. He thought for sure that Rama must have had people helping him. Akampana made it emphatically clear that Rama had no help, for Lakshmana was away guarding Sita.
Ravana wanted to retaliate and attack Rama himself. In the above referenced statement, Akampana is trying to discourage Ravana from doing so. “Rama will easily kill you. No one can defeat Him in battle. In fact, He is not human at all.” The descriptions given by Akampana also serve as a way of revealing Rama’s divinity. The scriptures give us vivid descriptions of the Lord’s various incarnations, but God Himself doesn’t disclose His identity to everyone. There would be no purpose to this, for He doesn’t want people to be devoted to Him out of fear. The Lord knows full well that we would be happier serving Him, but He never gets in the way of our independence and free will. Just as we can never force another man or woman to love us, the choice is ours as to whether or not we want to love God.
Sita, Rama, Lakshmana, and HanumanAkampana clearly states that Rama could easily destroy the entire world and then immediately recreate it. This power belongs exclusively to God. We shouldn’t try to be like Ravana and fight God. That will only lead to our demise. Instead, if we sincerely take up devotional service to the Lord, we can have all the peace and prosperity that the politicians always promise. We don’t need higher taxes, more government regulations, or scientific computer models to make us happy, just more sincere devotion to God.
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Posted by krishnasmercy on March 17, 2010
Lord Rama “Neither the demigods nor any exalted personalities were there helping Rama, for He acted alone. You should not entertain any doubt on this matter. Indeed, Rama shot feathered arrows, plated with gold, which turned into five-headed serpents that devoured all the Rakshasas. The Rakshasas were oppressed with fear, and wherever they went and wherever they turned, they saw Rama in front of them. In this way, O spotless one, have your Rakshasas been destroyed in the forest of Janasthana by Rama.” (Akampana speaking to Ravana, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 31.18-19)
Gross materialists and atheists have a hard time believing there is anyone superior to the demigods or other exalted living entities. Taking their current life and body to be the beginning and end of everything, they think the sum total of existence is made up of fallible living entities. They don’t believe in a Creator or a higher power. Believing there is no one capable of stopping them, these demons take to sinful life. To remind everyone of His existence and strength, God personally appears on earth from time to time, and torments the minds of such fools.
Lord Krishna The Vedas, the ancient scriptures emanating from India, tell us that there is only one God. Though He is capable of assuming various guises and expanding Himself into innumerable forms, His original form is that of Lord Shri Krishna. Krishna is known as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. His direct expansions are known as vishnu-tattva, meaning they are equal to Him in potency. We living entities are spirit souls at our core, part and parcel of Krishna. Though we are not God, we are similar to Him in quality, but not in quantity. To facilitate the desire of the spirit souls to lord over nature and pretend to be God themselves, Krishna created this material world. This world is a temporary place full of miseries, thus it is completely opposite in nature to the spiritual world. Since Krishna Himself never comes in contact with maya, or the presiding energy of the material world, He deputes elevated living entities known as demigods to manage the affairs here. Gods like Lord Shiva, Brahma, Ganesha, etc. all manage different departments of the creation. By rule, they are required to bestow a variety of material benedictions to anyone who pleases them, regardless of the motives of the worshiper.
Lord Brahma talking to Lord Krishna The difference between demigods and God Himself is that the demigods are living entities just like us. They may have extraordinary powers and a longer duration of life, but they are nevertheless subject to birth and death. God, on the other hand, never takes birth nor does He die. He never assumes a material body. Even when He personally appears on earth, His body remains unaffected by material nature. This illustrates another difference between God and the living entities. For God, there is no difference between His soul and His body. He is completely spirit. We, on the other hand, are spiritual in nature, but remain conditioned inside of a body that is subject to birth and death. The gross material body is composed of the three gunas of goodness, passion, and ignorance. Krishna possesses no material qualities; hence He is often described as nirguna.
Since the beginning of time, there has been an ongoing war between the suras and the asuras. Suras are devotees of God and asuras are demons. Asuras don’t believe in the existence of God. They wage war with the demigods because they view them as competitors. Material life means competition. People often wonder why there are so many tragedies and other calamities that take place. The answer is quite simple. The material world is a sort of playing field for the living entities, of which God has no direct interest in. He creates the playground but then stands back and views as an impartial witness. This is because there really is no winning or losing on this playing field. As mentioned before, we are all here because we want to pretend to be God. Since everyone has this desire, competition will naturally ensue. Some people will be more religious than others, thus they will put limits on their pursuit of dharma, artha, and kama, but the asuras will never hold back. They will stop at nothing to acquire wealth, fame, and power.
Ravana For this reason, the asuras have no problems going to war with the demigods. They see great personalities like Indra, Brahma, and Kuvera and think, “Who are these people to think they are more powerful than me? Let me worship them so that I can receive great benedictions. They will be foolish enough to grant my wishes, and I will then use my acquired strength to defeat them. Then I can rule the world and everyone will worship me.” This is precisely how the great Rakshasa demon Ravana thought during his time on earth during the Treta Yuga. He performed rigid austerities to please Brahma and Shiva. He was rewarded with great boons which he then used to battle and defeat the demigods. Everyone in the world was afraid of him.
“Those penances and austerities which are performed foolishly by means of obstinate self-torture, or to destroy or injure others, are said to be in the mode of ignorance.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 17.19)
One may wonder why the demigods granted all of Ravana’s requests. As mentioned before, the material body is composed of three gunas: goodness, passion, and ignorance. In a similar manner, every material activity, religious activity included, can also be qualified as being in one of these three modes. Ravana’s worship of the demigods was in the mode of ignorance. It is categorized as such because his worship served no functional purpose. Worship in the mode of goodness gives some sort of advancement in spiritual life. Worship in the mode of passion bestows some fruitive reward, but worship in the mode of ignorance only leads to destruction.
This is indeed what resulted for Ravana. He used his acquired powers to battle the suras, or the demigods and the saintly class of men. In fact, his Rakshasa associates would regularly terrorize the quiet and humble sages living in the forests. These great men were living peacefully in the wilderness, not bothering anyone. Ravana’s men would approach the sages in disguise and then pounce on their sacrifices. They would kill the sages and then eat their flesh.
Lord Rama The remedy the situation, Krishna Himself came to earth in the form of a human being. Born as the eldest son of King Dashratha of Ayodhya, Lord Rama quickly became famous throughout the world for His fighting ability. While staying in the forest of Janasthana, He, His wife, Sita Devi, and younger brother, Lakshmana, were harassed by Ravana’s sister, Shurpanakha. A conflict resulted between her and Lakshmana, which then led to Ravana sending 14,000 Rakshasas to Janasthana to attack Rama and His family. To teach Ravana a lesson, Rama instructed Lakshmana to take Sita away and to protect her. Rama then proceeded to kill all 14,000 Rakshasas by Himself.
One of Ravana’s associates, Akampana, managed to escape Rama’s attack and return to Lanka. In the above referenced statement, Akampana is describing Rama’s prowess. Ravana was dumbfounded that all the Rakshasas were killed. He wanted to know who was helping Rama. This is the mindset of a foolish person. Since he had defeated all the demigods, Ravana thought there was no one in the world more powerful than himself. Upon hearing what Rama had done, Ravana thought for sure that the demigods must have helped Him. Akampana told Ravana to immediately get this thought out of his mind.
The name Rama means one who gives pleasure to others. This pleasure is directed towards the devotees. Just hearing of Rama’s prowess and fighting ability brings great bliss to His adherents. Rama is anything but pleasurable to the enemies of His devotees. Rama’s arrows tormented all the Rakshasas, for wherever they turned, they saw one of Rama’s shafts headed their way, similar to how a heat-seeking missile acts. The Rakshasas were actually greatly benefited by Rama’s attacks. The Lord openly declares that anyone who thinks of Him at the time of death is automatically awarded liberation from material life.
“Those who have achieved liberation from material contamination, and those who are demons and are killed by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, become absorbed in the Brahman concept of life and reside in the spiritual sky of the brahma-jyoti.” (Brahmanda Purana)
Lord Rama The Rakshasas in Janasthana were all thinking of Rama at the time of death, so they were immediately granted liberation. Though the material world is generally a place full of miseries due to the competitive nature of man, if one decides to take up devotional service, he can make his life successful. There are different kinds of liberation, and if God’s greatest enemies are rewarded in such a way, one can only imagine what is in store for the devotees.
Lord Krishna is the bestower of five kinds of liberation, of which sayujya-mukti, or the liberation of becoming one with the Supreme, was given to the demons like Kamsa, whereas the gopis were given the chance to associate with Him personally.” (Krishna, The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vol 2, Ch 35)
Sadly, not all demons are as lucky as Ravana and the Rakshasas of Janasthana. Death is the great equalizer. All of one’s material strength, acquisitions and relationships are relinquished at the time of death. If one still has material desires at the end of life, they are forced to take birth again. The true mission of life is to abandon our futile attempt to be God. Spiritual life is the antithesis of karmic life. Rama’s exhibition of strength serves as a reminder to all of us that there is only one God, and that we can never become Him. However, we can associate with Him eternally in a loving way if we choose to.
God is Great
Posted by krishnasmercy on March 13, 2010
Lord Rama “His name is Rama and He is the most effulgent and powerful (mahatejah). He is the foremost of all wielders of the bow, and possesses divine qualities and weapons. He adheres to the highest level of conduct (paramdharma) on the battlefield.” (Akampana speaking to Ravana, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 31.15)
God is the greatest and the most energetic. The living entities, jiva-tattva, can achieve perfection in life by realizing that they represent God’s energy and that He is the only controller. Hearing that God is great is one thing, but actually realizing this fact is another. The Vedas, the ancient scriptures of India, make a distinction between theoretical knowledge, jnana, and practical knowledge, vijnana. In order to help us truly understand God’s greatness and strength, the Vedas provide various descriptions of the Lord. These descriptions are necessary because people tend to understand concepts more clearly when comparisons are used.
Lord Krishna avataras Of course God is great. Most people naturally understand this. God’s greatness is actually inconceivable to us and for many, this fact leads them away from spiritual life. “God is too powerful for me to comprehend, so why should I try?” The Vedas tell us that this human form of life is meant for understanding God and then using that knowledge to serve Him. Perfection in life comes when one rekindles their lost relationship with the Lord. To reach this end, the Vedic literatures give us descriptions of the Lord’s names, forms, and pastimes. Obviously God’s powers can never be truly comprehended by the human brain, but through study and devotion, we can gain a slight understanding. Just a tinkling of knowledge about God is enough to arouse loving feelings towards Him.
Lord Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, directly expands Himself into Lord Vishnu, or Narayana. Narayana then expands Himself into various incarnations which appear on earth. Through the activities performed by the many different incarnations, the Lord receives a variety of names. In fact, devotees often recite the thousand names of Lord Vishnu (Shri Vishnu-sahasra-nama-stotram) as a means of prayer. One thousand names seem like a lot, but as stated before, God’s glories are actually limitless. These names serve as a foundation for understanding the true nature of the Lord. For example, one of Krishna’s names is Keshava, meaning the killer of the Keshi demon. This name refers to a specific pastime of the Lord. Another name is Achyuta, meaning one who is infallible. Parameshvara means the supreme controller or supreme ishvara, and Rama means one who gives pleasure. When reading the epic Mahabharata, one will often find that Lord Krishna is directly referred to many different names. The Pandava brothers and other associates purposefully addressed Krishna with different names depending on time and circumstance. The name Krishna itself means one who is all-attractive. These names and activities of the Lord exist to help the devotees understand and remember Him.
Lord Krishna Even though He has one thousand different names, the complete list of Lord Krishna’s powers can never be properly enumerated. It is similar to how the Constitution of the United States works. The Founding Fathers envisioned a government of the style of a democratic republic with limited powers. For this reason, the Constitution specifically enumerates the activities that Congress can engage in. Fearing an oppressive government, the Founding Fathers included the Bill of Rights as the first ten amendments to the Constitution. It is a common misconception that the Bill of Rights enumerates the rights that people have. In actuality, the Bill of Rights put limits on the activities of Congress. The first amendment states that “Congress shall make no law” abridging or infringing on various rights of the people.
“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” (Tenth amendment to the Constitution)
As venerable a document as the Constitution was, the Founders still realized that the rights of man could never be completely enumerated. For this reason, they declared that any right or power not specifically mentioned in the Constitution would automatically be granted to the people. This essentially meant that if an activity wasn’t specifically mentioned in the Constitution, then the Congress had no right to regulate it, meaning freedom belonged to the people.
This same principle holds true with the Vedas and Lord Krishna. Through the Ramayana, Mahabharata, Puranas, and other Vedic texts, we get a short list of the qualities, names, forms, and pastimes of the Lord, but this list is by no means complete. By default, God automatically possesses any power not specifically mentioned in the Vedas. This fact is easily forgotten by people living on this earth. To remind us of His greatness, the Lord personally appears here from time to time.
This was the case during the Treta Yuga when Lord Krishna incarnated as a kshatriya warrior named Rama. In the above referenced statement, the Rakshasa demon Akampana is explaining to Ravana how Rama had just killed 14,000 Rakshasas all by Himself in the forest of Janasthana. At the time, Rama was roaming the forests of India with His wife, Sita Devi, and His younger brother, Lakshmana. Rakshasas are a race of demons who are usually atheistic. Ravana was their leader and was so powerful that no one could defeat him in battle.
Sita Rama Ravana was the king of the island of Lanka, and thus he had an army of Rakshasas at his disposal. He sent 14,000 of them, headed by Khara, to Janasthana to kill Rama. Lord Rama, being God Himself, easily killed all of them all by Himself. He sent Sita away from the battlefield and instructed Lakshmana to protect her while the fighting was going on. All the Rakshasas were killed, but somehow Akampana managed to escape and limp his way back to Lanka. Upon seeing him, Ravana wanted to know what had happened. Hearing that 14,000 Rakshasas were killed by Rama, Ravana wanted to know more about Him. He asked Akampana if Rama was assisted by the demigods, for he couldn’t believe that one man was capable of this.
“Men of small intelligence worship the demigods, and their fruits are limited and temporary. Those who worship the demigods go to the planets of the demigods, but My devotees ultimately reach My supreme planet.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 7.23)
Lord Rama Ravana’s attitude represents the ignorance of the atheistic class. In the Vedic tradition, there has been a long history of demigod worship. Demigods, also referred to as devataas or devas, number in the thousands. They serve as Lord Krishna’s chief associates. The material world equates to a temporary place full of miseries. The spiritual world is a place full of knowledge and bliss, and this material world is just the opposite. Governed by the illusory energy known as maya, this world causes us to live in ignorance and become bound to the materialistic way of life. God Himself can never associate with maya, thus He lets the demigods manage the material affairs. They are in charge of all aspects of life, including weather, food, money, health, good and bad fortune, etc.
People generally worship the Gods for material rewards. For example, young girls and boys pray to Lord Shiva and his wife, Parvati, to reward them with a nice spouse when they grow older. Others pray to Lord Ganesha to remove their obstacles in life. This type of worship certainly isn’t bad, but the rewards received are temporary. Lord Vishnu, or God Himself, can never be worshiped in this manner. One can ask Him for material things, but He will only provide what is good for His devotees. The demigods are just the opposite. They are required to grant benedictions to anyone who pleases them, regardless of the worshiper’s intentions. This was the case with Ravana. He prayed to Lord Brahma and Shiva to grant him many material benedictions. He received ten heads and a fighting prowess that made him feared throughout the world. Ravana’s biggest mistake was that he thought the demigods were the limit to celestial power. Thinking that he had outsmarted them by receiving benedictions from them, Ravana believed he was God and that no one could ever defeat him.
Rama proved Ravana to be wrong in the worst possible way. When he heard of Rama’s extraordinary feat of killing 14,000 Rakshasas, Ravana thought that Rama must have had some help. For devotees, Rama’s feat was certainly great, but not surprising at all. God’s powers are limitless. Lord Rama is a direct incarnation of Vishnu, meaning He is just as good as God Himself. Rama was the kindest, sweetest, and most compassionate person. At the same time, as a fighter, He was the most skilled. God is simultaneously the most peaceful and the most violent. His violence is directed towards the miscreants such as Ravana and His peaceful nature is bestowed upon His adherents, the devotees. The choice is ours as to which side of God we wish to associate with.
The Sinner’s Fruit
Posted by krishnasmercy on March 7, 2010
Rama and Lakshmana “Just as a tree starts to blossom during the proper season, so the doer of sinful deeds inevitably reaps the horrible fruit of their actions at the appropriate time.” (Lord Rama speaking to Khara, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 29.8)
Nature’s laws are in motion at every second of every day of the year. The calendar year can be divided into four distinct seasons which each have specific climatic characteristics. Autumn is the season right before winter, and inevitably during this time each year, leaves and other flowers fall off trees and eventually die. This is because these plants can’t survive the cold conditions of winter. Nevertheless, during the next spring season, new flowers and plants are guaranteed to appear again, signaling a new birth. These facts of nature serve as a great metaphor for describing how the process of karma works.
“The living entity is bound around the neck by the chain of maya because he has forgotten that he is eternally a servant of Krishna.” (Lord Chaitanya, Chaitanya Charitamrita, Madhya 22.24)
Lord Chaitanya and Prabhu Nityananda Karma has many different definitions, but in its simplest form, it means work. Work means action. One cannot live without performing action. Even if we sit idly by, just thinking to ourselves, we are still performing some work with our mind. Karma is an energy created by God, which along with guna, helps the material world function. The spirit soul is originally part and parcel of Lord Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Lord Chaitanya, Krishna’s most recent incarnation on earth, tells us that the spirit soul, being initially very blissful and happy in its relationship with God, somehow or other forgot (bhuli’ gela) its true nature and instead wanted to be just like God. Thus since time immemorial, the living entity has been part of the material energy, forced to repeatedly go through the processes of birth and death. Since the spirit soul wants to forget God, the Lord gladly obliges such a request.
Karma represents the antithesis of spiritual life. Work and action can be performed for many different reasons, but all paths eventually lead to the same end-goal, that of wanting to be God. The Lord is the Almighty, being all-powerful and all-pervasive. Illusioned by the forces of maya, the living entity thinks that by working in a certain way, it too can be just like God. “God produces, so why can’t I? God destroys, so let me do that too. God enjoys very nicely, so I will try to enjoy just as much as Him.” These sentiments represent a flawed system of logic. Eventually, there is a limit to our material wealth, fame, and beauty. The ultimate equalizer comes at the time of death, when we are forced to renounce all of our possessions, relationships, and acquired strength. The important point is that this renunciation is not voluntarily, for almost no one wants to die. Only God is infallible, thus He is known as Achyuta.
Lord Krishna is Achyuta For karma to function properly there must be reactions to the work that we perform. God doesn’t stand in our way of our pursuit to be just like Him. At the same time, He is completely fair. He doesn’t play favorites, picking and choosing who will win and lose in this pursuit which is destined to fail. Rather, He creates karma, guna, and maya, and then stands back and witnesses as a neutral observer. The reactions of karma are fair and absolute. For every action that we perform, there is a commensurate reaction, either good or bad. In actuality, there really is no good or bad on the material platform, but sometimes people take certain outcomes to be good and others to be bad. For example, pious works result in ascension to the heavenly planets after death. This certainly seems like a good thing, but residence on the material planets, such as those occupied by the demigods, is temporary. Once the merits acquired from our pious deeds expire, we are forced to take birth again. This same principle holds true for the sinful. They suffer in hell for a certain period of time, and then eventually work their way back to the human species of life.
We don’t always have to wait for the afterlife to see the results of our actions bear fruit. Just as the spring season always sees new flowers growing, the sinful are guaranteed to feel anguish when the time comes for them to reap their fruits. Sometimes people think they can act however they want to, and that if no one is looking, no one will know that they did something bad. This is certainly not the case. God and His deputies keep a ledger on our activities. At the time of death, our consciousness is measured along with the activities we performed during our lifetime. These two things then determine the type of body we receive in the next life. The sinful think that they will never suffer for their actions, but karma plays no favorites.
In modern day governments, we see that laws exist on the books that are supposed to apply to all citizens without any preference. Yet we always see that those who are responsible for executing these laws, the government officials and courts, certainly do pick and choose when to punish people. For example, in the United States there are strict immigration laws. Those who want to come live in the United States must either be sponsored by an employer or be related to someone who is already a citizen. There are tight limits set on how many immigrants can come to the country each year. For those who come here legally, the government keeps a close eye on them, making sure they are abiding by immigration guidelines. At the same time, we see that there are millions of people who already live in America illegally. The majority of these people entered the country through the Mexican border, and have remained here living under the radar of the government. Actually, the government is fully aware of their presence but they refuse to do anything about it due to socio-economic and political reasons.
"It is the living entity’s constitutional position to be an eternal servant of Krishna because he is the marginal energy of Krishna and a manifestation simultaneously one and different from the Lord, like a molecular particle of sunshine or fire. Krishna has three varieties of energy.” (Lord Chaitanya, CC. Madhya 20.108-109)
Hanuman - a great devotee Karma doesn’t work the way our governments do. Karma applies to everyone, including sinners. There are varying degrees of sins, but the worst kinds are those perpetrated against devotees of God. This is because God has promised to protect His devotees. There are essentially two energies that exist in creation; the spiritual and the material. The spiritual energy is anything that is directly associated with God, while the material energy is that governed by guna and karma. The jiva-tattva, or living entities, are technically part of the marginal energy because they have a choice as to which energy they want to associate with. The laws of karma are absolute but one has a choice as to whether or not they want to participate in material activity. God is certainly neutral to those who fall under the jurisdiction of karma, but He is anything but passive when it comes to His bhaktas, or devotees. As God’s faithful servants, the devotees realize that the material world is a temporary place full of miseries. At peace with their constitutional position as servitor and friend of the Lord, devotees exclusively interact with the spiritual energy, only performing activity which is related to serving Krishna and other devotees. For such saintly people, the Lord has promised to always provide them protection against those who wish them harm.
“…O son of Kunti, declare it boldly that My devotee never perishes.” (Lord Krishna, Bhagavad-gita, 9.31)
Shri Rama Darbar During the Treta Yuga, God personally came to earth to make good on that promise. At the time, a clan of Rakshasas, headed by a demon named Ravana, was ascending to power. Every living entity possesses the three qualitative modes of nature (goodness, passion, and ignorance) to varying degrees. Rakshasas are living entities similar to human beings, except they live mostly in the mode of ignorance. They are expert in black magic and spend all their time drinking wine, eating meat, and having sex with as many different people as possible. They have an insatiable appetite for sex. Not only do they live a life dedicated to sin, but they think there is merit to this lifestyle. “Life is short, why not enjoy as much as I can? The demigods are there to grant material benedictions which will then lead to happiness.” With this fatally flawed mindset, Rakshasas view any truly pious person as an enemy. Not only do they hate devotees of God, but they do anything in their power to disrupt their devotional service.
Krishna came to earth in the form of a pious prince named Rama specifically to put a stop to the harassment inflicted by the Rakshasas. At the time, Ravana and his associates liked to prey on the sages living in the forests. One of the primary activities of a brahmana, or sage, is yajna, or sacrifice. There are different types of Vedic sacrifices, but they all usually involve some sort of fire. Forest life is ideal for the performance of fire sacrifices and the practice of tapasya, or austerities. Who could ever think of bothering a peaceful person living in the forest performing such pious deeds? These sages weren’t inflicting harm on anyone, nor were they even a burden to other members of society. Yet these Rakshasas decided to disrupt the sacrifices in the dead of night. Rakshasas are expert in illusion, so they used to assume various guises and initially approach the sages in a peaceful way. Once the brahmanas let their guard down, the Rakshasas would assume their original form and start to attack. After killing the sages, the Rakshasas would feast on their flesh.
Lord Rama These demons were so foolish that they thought there were no consequences to their actions. Taking their material body to be the beginning and end of everything, they were unaware of the forces of karma. Normally, sinful activity can bear fruit in various forms such as bad fortune or descension to hell. These demons were a special case however. For the sin of killing brahmanas, Lord Rama personally came to deliver the fruits of their sin. In the above referenced quote, Lord Rama is talking to one particular demon, Khara, prior to killing him in battle. Rama and His family were stationed in the forest of Janasthana. Ravana sent 14,000 Rakshasas to kill Rama, but the Lord easily defeated them all by Himself. Rama here is reminding Khara that punishment is guaranteed for the sinful, just as new flowers are guaranteed to grow on a tree in season.
"Anyone who quits his body, at the end of life, remembering Me, attains immediately to My nature; and there is no doubt of this." (Lord Krishna, Bg. 8.5)
Khara and the other Rakshasas were so sinful that they got the benediction of being killed by God Himself. Ironically, if God personally comes to kill you, you are guaranteed liberation from the cycle of birth and death. This may seem strange, but it is so because these Rakshasas were thinking of Rama, or God, at the time of death. If such a reward is available to God’s enemies, one can only imagine what is in store for His devotees. If we always keep the Lord on our minds, we are guaranteed to always be on His.
| http://krishnasmercy.wordpress.com/category/ramayana/ | dclm-gs1-153890002 | false | true | {
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0.492957 | <urn:uuid:72a85123-9c2c-44d2-be00-aa80f53344e2> | en | 0.926909 | The Questionnaire: Renate Stendhal
The Questionnaire interviews Renate Stendhal
The Questionnaire: Renate Stendhal
March 30th, 2012 reset - +
How do you get up in the morning?
Can't wait.
Do you succumb to nostalgia?
Every cup of coffee is Paris.
Do you write long and cut, or short and backfill?
Long cut cut, short and also.
How do you feel about your Wikipedia entry?
I wrote it.
Lunch with any three people who ever lived; who do you invite?
Gertrude Stein, Nathalie Barnie, Liane de Pougy.
Best piece of advice you ever received?
"If not why not."
Disciplined or hot dog?
Have you ever been defeated by a genre?
Every genre Stein took on (that's all of them) defeated me. For a while.
Which classic author would you like to see kicked out of the pantheon?
A case of repressed memory? They've already been erased.
Are you okay with blood?
"Blood on the Dining-Room Floor."
Who is your imagined audience? Does it at all coincide with the real one?
Virginia Woolf said, "Women alone stir my imagination." I would say: men who aren't men, women who aren't women. Yes, they are real.
What country would you want to be exiled in?
Already have been: France.
What's your favorite negative emotion?
Is your study neat, or, like John Muir's, is your desk and floor covered in "lateral, medial, and terminal moraines"?
Order within chaos.
What is your go-to shoe?
Go play in sand-box.
What's your poison?
What's your problem?
What's yours.
Title of the book you're probably never going to write, but would kind of like to get around to?
"Ma vie, revue et corrigée par l'auteur."
What are you so afraid of?
Editors slow with email.
How long can you go without putting paw to keyboard?
A moment every then and now.
Do you require a high thread count?
? This must be an American thing.
Who reads you first?
Lover (writer extraordinaire).
Sexy and dangerous, or brilliant and kind?
What character or story haunts you?
Thomas Mann's con man Felix Krull.
Does plot matter?
A p-lot.
Does age matter?
Maybe. Age, ager, agest.
Do you prefer to write standing, or must you lie prone in a field of dandelions with a steno pad and a good pen? Or what?
Any which way and best in my sleep.
Who is the author you'd most like to impersonate online?
Gertrude Stein.
Is there a literary community?
Hopefully soon at LARB.
What's the question or questions we should have asked, had we known? What is the answer?
"If nobody asked the question, what would the answer be." | http://lareviewofbooks.org/interview/the-questionnaire-renate-stendhal | dclm-gs1-153940002 | false | false | {
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0.208975 | <urn:uuid:e4354f97-1a55-460a-8544-e5cb8e8e6783> | en | 0.821091 | tech-kern archive
Possible incorrect usage of STACKALIGN in kern_exec
Hello there,
I am currently working on a NetBSD port for the FriendlyARM MINI2440,
and have run into a situation where the arguments to user space
programs is garbled.
I've noticed it for the init-process and for the getty process.
Booting with rc_configured=NO in /etc/rc.conf, mounting procfs, and
issuing a cat /proc/1/cmdline will yields "init" followed by
"garbage". Always 0x5C 0xEF
0xFF 0xBF 0x02
Digging a bit around the kernel, I have noticed that line 796 in
kern_exec.c (execve1) has a special case for ARM only (as far as I can
len = STACKALIGN(len); /* make the stack "safely" aligned */
STACKALIGN aligns is implemented in arch/arm/include/param.h:
96 /* ARM-specific macro to align a stack pointer (downwards). */
97 #define STACKALIGNBYTES (8 - 1)
98 #define STACKALIGN(p) ((u_int)(p) &~ STACKALIGNBYTES)
So it's basically truncates to proper alignment, rounding down to an
aligned number. Rounding down lengths seems like a dangerous thing to
Removing the usage of STACKALIGN and always using ALIGN, solves the
problem for the MINI2440-port.
Looking a the history of kern_exec.c, the following code was commited
in 1.243 in March 2007:
+#ifdef STACKLALIGN /* arm, etc. */
len = ALIGN(len); /* make the stack "safely" aligned */
Notice that the #ifdef checks for STACK*L*ALIGN, which is not defined
anywhere in the kernel.
In August 2011 the typo was fixed in r.1.323, meaning that the
STACKALIGN macro has not been used until 4 months ago. This indicates
to me that STACKALIGN is not really supposed to be used in this
situation (and neither OpenBSD nor FreeBSD have it, although much of
the surrounding code is similar).
Is the usage of STACKALIGN indeed incorrect in this situation, or am I
missing the big picture?
Home | Main Index | Thread Index | Old Index | http://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-kern/2012/01/24/msg012551.html | dclm-gs1-154140002 | false | false | {
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