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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro01a	The concept of what is a journalist needs to be clarified to deal with the reality of new forms of mass communication. Assange gathers, collates and disseminates information, ergo, he is a journalist. Few industries have been changed more radically by the advent of the Internet than journalism. The traditional role of...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro01b", "score": 0.7807008028030396, "text": "Journalists fulfill a multitude of roles. Of course revealing information is part of that but only one part. Further, journalists do not reveal information, as Assange does, purely because it’s secret but within a wi...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro01a", "score": 1.0000585317611694, "text": "The concept of what is a journalist needs to be clarified to deal with the reality of new forms of mass communication. Assange gathers, collates and disseminates information, ergo, he is a journalist. Few industries...
test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03a	There is a difference between actual journalists and those who like having their names published in newspapers. Assange has far more claim to the description than many of them. One of the things that the Leveson Inquiry [1] has made all too apparent is that simply working for a newspaper or broadcaster is not a satisf...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03b", "score": 0.8156889081001282, "text": "Historically, journalists have been protected from prosecution for espionage (Assange is threatened with prosecution under the Espionage Act) whereas their sources were not. Assange is providing the information which...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03a", "score": 0.9999717473983765, "text": "There is a difference between actual journalists and those who like having their names published in newspapers. Assange has far more claim to the description than many of them. One of the things that the Leveson Inq...
test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con02a	It is a basic principle of journalism that sources should be checked and verified by another, independent, source. British Foreign Secretary William Hague has pointed out that the actions of Wikileaks put British lives at risk. [1] Congressman Peter King described the mass leaking of documents as “Worse even than a ph...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con02b", "score": 0.7831817269325256, "text": "The source material is at least open to scrutiny, and anyone can decide if it appears to be genuine. Equally many serious journalists take Assange and the rest of the Wikileaks team seriously enough and have no diff...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con02a", "score": 0.9999862313270569, "text": "It is a basic principle of journalism that sources should be checked and verified by another, independent, source. British Foreign Secretary William Hague has pointed out that the actions of Wikileaks put British li...
test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con03a	Wikileaks is not a news organisation, it exists exclusively to disseminate classified information, no genuine news organisation has such an agenda. News organisations provide a variety of functions, from reporting the weather to breaking news. Even the most hardened investigative outlet does not dedicate itself exclus...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con03b", "score": 0.7956587076187134, "text": "The fact that Wikileaks specialises in one form of news gathering is hardly revolutionary – a little like saying magazines specialise in features or blogs tend to be dominated by opinion pieces. The idea, however, th...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con03a", "score": 0.9998983144760132, "text": "Wikileaks is not a news organisation, it exists exclusively to disseminate classified information, no genuine news organisation has such an agenda. News organisations provide a variety of functions, from reporting t...
test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con01a	Assange is mostly interested in self-promotion, not being a serious journalist. Journalists are judged by far more than their ability to acquire and disseminate knowledge or information. The quality of their writing, the skills and contacts developed to acquire it, the training used to enter the trade (which incidenta...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con01b", "score": 0.6986033320426941, "text": "It is worth noting the people who are happy to say that he is a journalist – in addition to many other journalists around the world. He has received the 2008 Economist Freedom of Expression award, the 2009 Amnesty In...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con01a", "score": 0.9999399185180664, "text": "Assange is mostly interested in self-promotion, not being a serious journalist. Journalists are judged by far more than their ability to acquire and disseminate knowledge or information. The quality of their writing...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a	Other religions have the right to wear prescribed clothing enshrined in British law, it is hypocritical not to offer Christianity the same protection. Legislation should be consistent; otherwise it is, by definition, discriminatory. [i] If some faiths are allowed to show outward demonstrations of their faith in the wo...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02b", "score": 0.7586825489997864, "text": "Legislation takes account of particularities. Christianity does not, and never has, required the wearing of the cross as a demonstration of faith and few representations are found before the fifth century [i] – in...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a", "score": 0.9998778700828552, "text": "Other religions have the right to wear prescribed clothing enshrined in British law, it is hypocritical not to offer Christianity the same protection. Legislation should be consistent; otherwise it is, by definit...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro01a	Declaration of the faith is a key part of Christianity and that should be respected. The UK is a nation that claims to be tolerant of all faiths and to respect religious beliefs. If that is the case then it must be accepted that the law should respect actions in accordance with those beliefs insofar as they do not har...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro01b", "score": 0.7575665712356567, "text": "There is no requirement within Christianity that the cross should be worn. This makes it quite different from other items of religious clothing – specifically required as articles of faith - that are accepted in t...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro01a", "score": 1.000091791152954, "text": "Declaration of the faith is a key part of Christianity and that should be respected. The UK is a nation that claims to be tolerant of all faiths and to respect religious beliefs. If that is the case then it must b...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03a	The confession of religious faith is far more important than the rather petty rules that banned the wearing of the cross. People of faith attest that those beliefs determine the nature of their own identity and their place in the Universe. In the case of Nadia Eweida, at least, the employer’s case was based on the ide...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03b", "score": 0.7671779990196228, "text": "Virtually every employee dresses differently for work than they do outside. We accept the fact that there are behaviours and attitudes that must be left at the door when we enter the workplace. Those unwilling to ...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03a", "score": 1.0000560283660889, "text": "The confession of religious faith is far more important than the rather petty rules that banned the wearing of the cross. People of faith attest that those beliefs determine the nature of their own identity and t...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a	Freedom of expression, like any right is fairly meaningless if it’s only respected when it’s convenient. Recognising rights when there is no inconvenience to anybody involved is verging on the irrelevant. This is, perhaps, especially true, with freedom of expression. If I recognise your right to express yourself freel...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04b", "score": 0.7279731035232544, "text": "Proposition is completely over-reacting. Nobody is stopping the women involved from practising their faith but there is nothing within mainstream Christianity that requires the wearing of a cross as a public state...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a", "score": 1.0001130104064941, "text": "Freedom of expression, like any right is fairly meaningless if it’s only respected when it’s convenient. Recognising rights when there is no inconvenience to anybody involved is verging on the irrelevant. This is...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02a	Both employers acted out of concern for the interests of their clients, employees should respect that. Employers don’t introduce rules because it’s fun but, rather, because they serve a purpose. Ms. Chaplin has expressed concern about the legal costs incurred by the NHS Trust which employed her in fighting the action ...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02b", "score": 0.8270641565322876, "text": "No customer or patient complained in either case. Neither employer demonstrated that wearing the cross prevented either employee from performing their duties efficiently. Indeed, given the size and diversity of bo...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02a", "score": 1.0001075267791748, "text": "Both employers acted out of concern for the interests of their clients, employees should respect that. Employers don’t introduce rules because it’s fun but, rather, because they serve a purpose. Ms. Chaplin has e...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con03a	If this were about wearing a badge with a political slogan or something similar, everyone would agree that it was inappropriate. The same principle should apply to iconography. If the image they were wearing endorsed a political candidate or another company, the issue would never have got to court. Neither complainant...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con03b", "score": 0.7787660956382751, "text": "Recognizing that people have different views is a fairly fundamental part of maintaining societal cohesion. Freedom of expression requires the corollary that there is no right not to be offended – it is hard to se...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con03a", "score": 0.9998689293861389, "text": "If this were about wearing a badge with a political slogan or something similar, everyone would agree that it was inappropriate. The same principle should apply to iconography. If the image they were wearing endo...
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con01a	Employers impose rules relating to conduct in the workplace, it’s one of the things that everyone accepts when they take and continue in a job. Put simply, if you don’t like the rules, don’t do the job. The fact that the world of work and the life of faith can come into conflict should hardly have come as a surprise t...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con01b", "score": 0.8138248324394226, "text": "Both women were long-standing employees. The rules changed around them, it is, however, difficult to see how not wearing a cross was innate or fundamental to the job they were doing. Employers hire a worker’s labo...	[ { "id": "test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con01a", "score": 1.0000046491622925, "text": "Employers impose rules relating to conduct in the workplace, it’s one of the things that everyone accepts when they take and continue in a job. Put simply, if you don’t like the rules, don’t do the job. The fact ...
test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a	The expansion of Heathrow is vital for the economy Expanding Heathrow would ensure many current jobs as well as creating new ones. Currently, Heathrow supports around 250,000 jobs. [1] Added to this many hundreds of thousands more are dependent upon the tourist trade in London which relies on good transport links like...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b", "score": 0.7657902240753174, "text": "The business community is far from united in its supposed support of a third run-way. Surveys suggest that many influential businesses in fact do not support expansion. A letter expressing concern was signed by Justin King th...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a", "score": 1.000051736831665, "text": "The expansion of Heathrow is vital for the economy Expanding Heathrow would ensure many current jobs as well as creating new ones. Currently, Heathrow supports around 250,000 jobs. [1] Added to this many hundreds of thousands...
test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a	Heathrow is full; it must expand Put simply Heathrow is at the limits of its capacity so there needs to be expansion. Heathrow is already at 99% capacity and running so close to maximum capacity means that any minor problem can result in large delays for passengers. London’s major rivals have four-runway hub airports ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b", "score": 0.7667470574378967, "text": "It is not as simple as considering that Heathrow is at capacity so everything will go to competitor airports. So far it is simple alarmism to warn of traffic going to European competitors, John Stewart (chairman of HACAN, Hea...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a", "score": 1.0001758337020874, "text": "Heathrow is full; it must expand Put simply Heathrow is at the limits of its capacity so there needs to be expansion. Heathrow is already at 99% capacity and running so close to maximum capacity means that any minor problem ...
test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a	Heathrow is in the best location for London Flying is critical for business. Heathrow is well located for the people that will pick up the bill funding its expansion. People need to be able to get to their homes and work easily from the airport otherwise it is impractical. According to the Civil Aviation Authority 25%...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b", "score": 0.7500166893005371, "text": "Location is a relatively unimportant issue when talking about ‘hubs’. In hub airports an important proportion of passengers and cargo is only passing through; it arrives to the airport by plane only to leave it again by plane...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a", "score": 0.9999423623085022, "text": "Heathrow is in the best location for London Flying is critical for business. Heathrow is well located for the people that will pick up the bill funding its expansion. People need to be able to get to their homes and work eas...
test-economy-egecegphw-con02a	Expanding Heathrow would be at the expense of the environment Expanding Heathrow will directly contribute to climate change and make it impossible for the UK to stay within the EU legal limits. The EU has established limits on the levels of harmful pollution and the UK has signed a commitment to reduce Green House Gas...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con02b", "score": 0.8274201154708862, "text": "The former Labour government when considering expansion made it clear that environment would be taken into account when considering the construction of a third run-way so there would be environmental restrictions to make sure...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con02a", "score": 0.9998772144317627, "text": "Expanding Heathrow would be at the expense of the environment Expanding Heathrow will directly contribute to climate change and make it impossible for the UK to stay within the EU legal limits. The EU has established limits ...
test-economy-egecegphw-con03a	The economic case for expansion does not add up A study conducted by the NEF revealed that the cost of expansion will outweigh the benefits by at least £5billion. [1] London has six airports and seven runways meaning that London already has the best connections globally. Together, London airports have a greater number...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con03b", "score": 0.7808570861816406, "text": "London has a lot of runways in total because it has a lot of airports however Heathrow is the only one that has the benefit of being a hub airport as each of these existing airports only have one or two runways. Suggestions t...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con03a", "score": 0.9999399185180664, "text": "The economic case for expansion does not add up A study conducted by the NEF revealed that the cost of expansion will outweigh the benefits by at least £5billion. [1] London has six airports and seven runways meaning that Lo...
test-economy-egecegphw-con01a	The third run-way would cause noise and pollution problems The high population density of the area around Heathrow means it is not an ideal location for a bigger airport. It makes sense to increase capacity in an area with lower population density instead of trying to do so within a location that is constrained by adj...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con01b", "score": 0.8562697768211365, "text": "An additional run-way would not necessarily result in a large increase in noise pollution as this would depend on where the runways are located. If the runway was established to the West of its current location incoming plane...	[ { "id": "test-economy-egecegphw-con01a", "score": 0.9999246001243591, "text": "The third run-way would cause noise and pollution problems The high population density of the area around Heathrow means it is not an ideal location for a bigger airport. It makes sense to increase capacity in an area with l...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a	Online gambling affects families A parent who gambles can quickly lose the money their family depends on for food and rent. It is a common cause of family break-up and homelessness, so governments should get involved to protect innocent children from getting hurt [5]. Each problem gambler harmfully impacts 10-15 other...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b", "score": 0.8007094860076904, "text": "There is no evidence that gambling prevents people from caring for their family. The vast majority who gamble do so responsibly. It isn’t right to ban something that millions of people enjoy just because a few cause problems...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a", "score": 1.0000216960906982, "text": "Online gambling affects families A parent who gambles can quickly lose the money their family depends on for food and rent. It is a common cause of family break-up and homelessness, so governments should get involved to pro...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a	Gambling is bad for you. Gamblers may win money from time to time, but in the long run, the House always wins. Why should governments allow an activity that helps their citizens lose the money they have worked so hard to earn? The harm is not just the loss of money and possible bankruptcy; it causes depression, insomn...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01b", "score": 0.7892670631408691, "text": "Every leisure industry attracts a few troubled individuals who take the activity to harmful extremes. For every thousand drinkers there are a few alcoholics. Similarly some sports fans are hooligans. Those who gamble enough ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a", "score": 0.9999539852142334, "text": "Gambling is bad for you. Gamblers may win money from time to time, but in the long run, the House always wins. Why should governments allow an activity that helps their citizens lose the money they have worked so hard to ea...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a	Gambling is addictive. Humans get a buzz from taking a risk and the hope that this time their luck will be in, this is similar to drug addicts [7]. The more people bet, the more they want to bet, so they become hooked on gambling which can wreck their lives. Internet gambling is worse because it is not a social activi...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b", "score": 0.8240358829498291, "text": "Unlike drugs, gambling is not physically or metabolically addictive. Most gamblers are not addicts, simply ordinary people who enjoy the excitement of a bet on a sporting event or card game. The large majority of people who ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a", "score": 0.9999756813049316, "text": "Gambling is addictive. Humans get a buzz from taking a risk and the hope that this time their luck will be in, this is similar to drug addicts [7]. The more people bet, the more they want to bet, so they become hooked on ga...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a	Online gambling encourages crime Human trafficking, forced prostitution and drugs provide $2.1 billion a year for the Mafia but they need some way through which to put this money into circulation. Online gambling is that way in. They put dirty money in and win clean money back [8]. Because it is so international and o...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b", "score": 0.7660430669784546, "text": "Criminals will always try to exploit any system, but if governments allow legal online gambling they can regulate it. It is in the interest of gambling companies to build trustworthy brands and cooperate with the authorities...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a", "score": 1.00001859664917, "text": "Online gambling encourages crime Human trafficking, forced prostitution and drugs provide $2.1 billion a year for the Mafia but they need some way through which to put this money into circulation. Online gambling is that way ...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a	Cant enforce an online gambling ban Governments can’t actually do anything to enforce a ban on the world wide web. Domestic laws can only stop internet companies using servers and offices in their own country. They cannot stop their citizens going online to gamble using sites based elsewhere. Governments can try to bl...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b", "score": 0.8467338681221008, "text": "Governments have the power to ban online gambling in their own country. Even if citizens could use foreign websites, most will not choose to break the law. When the United States introduced its Unlawful Internet Gambling Enf...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a", "score": 0.9999569058418274, "text": "Cant enforce an online gambling ban Governments can’t actually do anything to enforce a ban on the world wide web. Domestic laws can only stop internet companies using servers and offices in their own country. They cannot s...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a	Government only objects to online gambling because they dont benefit Governments are hypocritical about gambling. They say they don’t like it but they often use it for their own purposes. Sometimes they only allow gambling in certain places in order to boost a local economy. Sometimes they profit themselves by running...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b", "score": 0.8591982126235962, "text": "Because people will gamble anyway, the best that governments can do is make sure that their people gamble in safe circumstances. This means real world that casinos and other betting places that can easily be monitored. The ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a", "score": 0.9999602437019348, "text": "Government only objects to online gambling because they dont benefit Governments are hypocritical about gambling. They say they don’t like it but they often use it for their own purposes. Sometimes they only allow gambling ...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a	Other forms of online gambling What is the difference between gambling and playing the stock market? In each case people are putting money at risk in the hope of a particular outcome. Gambling on horse-racing or games involves knowledge and expertise that can improve your chances of success. In the same way, trading i...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b", "score": 0.7990314960479736, "text": "Gambling is quite different from buying stocks and shares. With the stock market investors are buying a stake in an actual company. This share may rise or fall in value, but so can a house or artwork. In each case there is a...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a", "score": 1.0000919103622437, "text": "Other forms of online gambling What is the difference between gambling and playing the stock market? In each case people are putting money at risk in the hope of a particular outcome. Gambling on horse-racing or games invol...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a	Only regulation can mitigate harms It is where the sites operate, not where they are set up that matters for regulation. It is in gambling sites interest to run a trustworthy, responsible business. Whatever they are looking for online, internet users choose trusted brands that have been around for a while. If a gambli...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b", "score": 0.8159674406051636, "text": "It is only in the interests of big gambling sites that aim to create a long term business to go along with tough regulation. Online gambling sites can get around government regulations that limit the dangers of betting. Beca...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a", "score": 0.9998989701271057, "text": "Only regulation can mitigate harms It is where the sites operate, not where they are set up that matters for regulation. It is in gambling sites interest to run a trustworthy, responsible business. Whatever they are looking...
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a	Personal freedom Gambling is a leisure activity enjoyed by many millions of people. Governments should not tell people what they can do with their own money. Those who don’t like gambling should be free to buy adverts warning people against it, but they should not be able to use the law to impose their own beliefs. On...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b", "score": 0.8181465864181519, "text": "People are not free to do whatever they want whenever they want. When their activities harm society it is the government’s role to step in to prevent that harm. Online gambling simply provides the freedom for more people to ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a", "score": 1.000037431716919, "text": "Personal freedom Gambling is a leisure activity enjoyed by many millions of people. Governments should not tell people what they can do with their own money. Those who don’t like gambling should be free to buy adverts warnin...
test-economy-thsptr-pro02a	Those who have more owe more to the state Wealthier people benefit from the state more than do those who are worse off for two reasons. First, they have more to lose in the absence of the state. Without the rule of law, people would no longer be bound by any power to respect one another’s property rights. A rich perso...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro02b", "score": 0.7498441338539124, "text": "Possessing greater wealth does not obligate an individual to contribute more to the state by any moral precept. All people’s property rights should be protected equally. Citizens who succeed by their own industry and accrue weal...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro02a", "score": 0.9999741315841675, "text": "Those who have more owe more to the state Wealthier people benefit from the state more than do those who are worse off for two reasons. First, they have more to lose in the absence of the state. Without the rule of law, people ...
test-economy-thsptr-pro05a	A well-implemented progressive taxation scheme serve to promote economic growth Progressive taxation can serve very effectively to increase the economic welfare and development of societies. It does so in three ways. First, it lifts the poor out of poverty by redistributing the tax burden from them onto the wealthy wh...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro05b", "score": 0.7784709930419922, "text": "Progressive taxation does not improve economic growth. This is because, when the rich are heavily taxed, they have less likely to invest in new enterprises. Higher taxes serve as a disincentive to investment, both domestic and f...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro05a", "score": 0.9999563097953796, "text": "A well-implemented progressive taxation scheme serve to promote economic growth Progressive taxation can serve very effectively to increase the economic welfare and development of societies. It does so in three ways. First, it ...
test-economy-thsptr-pro01a	Those able to pay more should pay more into the tax system The wealthy have more disposable income and are more financially secure than are the poor and economically tenuous. For this reason, a progressive system of taxation puts the tax burden more heavily on the wealthy which has the wherewithal to pay. Progressive ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro01b", "score": 0.7871910929679871, "text": "Simply because someone can feasibly pay more does not mean he should be obligated to do so. Everyone’s property rights should be considered equal; the property rights of the wealthy should not be trodden upon by the state while ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro01a", "score": 0.9999026656150818, "text": "Those able to pay more should pay more into the tax system The wealthy have more disposable income and are more financially secure than are the poor and economically tenuous. For this reason, a progressive system of taxation pu...
test-economy-thsptr-pro03a	The state should promote the efficient distribution of income in order to maximize the utility derived by society from its economic resources All goods suffer from diminishing marginal utility, and this includes money. The more money someone, the less happy they are made from each successive addition of wealth after a...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro03b", "score": 0.8186054229736328, "text": "It is not the state’s role to efficiently distribute economic resources; the market does a much better job of that. When the state seeks to distribute income, there is substantial efficiency loss. This is due to the so-called “l...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro03a", "score": 1.0000098943710327, "text": "The state should promote the efficient distribution of income in order to maximize the utility derived by society from its economic resources All goods suffer from diminishing marginal utility, and this includes money. The more...
test-economy-thsptr-pro04a	Progressive taxation promotes a more equal, more harmonious society Progressive taxation provides real equality of opportunity, and serves to level the playing field so that social classes are not fixed. Everyone deserves a chance to climb the economic ladder, but without a regime of progressive taxation this is nearl...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro04b", "score": 0.8358892798423767, "text": "A more equal society is not necessarily a more harmonious society, and is certainly not a more just one if it was created through the process of progressive taxation. Social harmony relies on trust between all citizens, rich and...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-pro04a", "score": 0.9999170899391174, "text": "Progressive taxation promotes a more equal, more harmonious society Progressive taxation provides real equality of opportunity, and serves to level the playing field so that social classes are not fixed. Everyone deserves a cha...
test-economy-thsptr-con02a	Progressive taxes place an unfair and disproportionate burden on the wealthy The revenues the state acquires through taxation are used to pay for various services and benefices. Lower income individuals consume these services to a disproportionate degree. It is they who require income supplements and child benefits wh...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con02b", "score": 0.779073178768158, "text": "Taxation need not be proportional to be fair; individuals earning significantly higher income than others have benefited from many societal factors that allowed them to accumulate wealth in peace and safety. Such people thus owe ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con02a", "score": 1.0000628232955933, "text": "Progressive taxes place an unfair and disproportionate burden on the wealthy The revenues the state acquires through taxation are used to pay for various services and benefices. Lower income individuals consume these services t...
test-economy-thsptr-con05a	The aim of taxation should be to provide equality of opportunity, not of outcom Taxation should not be about trying to engineer a more equal society. The purpose of taxes is to furnish necessary services people need to become competitive free agents in the economy. Progressive taxes take unduly from some to give to ot...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con05b", "score": 0.7986952066421509, "text": "The state’s sole role in taxation is not merely to provide equality of opportunity, but also to foster social justice through the promotion of greater social equality. This does not mean that there should not be any inequalities...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con05a", "score": 1.0000323057174683, "text": "The aim of taxation should be to provide equality of opportunity, not of outcom Taxation should not be about trying to engineer a more equal society. The purpose of taxes is to furnish necessary services people need to become c...
test-economy-thsptr-con04a	Progressive systems are invariably highly complex and inefficient in implementation, breeding the knock-on inefficiencies of evasion and avoidance The modern progressive tax system has created whole industries of firms and specialists geared toward helping people file their taxes and to ensure the system runs smoothly...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con04b", "score": 0.7623677253723145, "text": "While tax codes are complicated, their sophistication is not justification for their abolition. Rather, progressive systems can be more streamlined. New Zealand can be used as an example where a progressive taxation system is al...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con04a", "score": 0.9999076724052429, "text": "Progressive systems are invariably highly complex and inefficient in implementation, breeding the knock-on inefficiencies of evasion and avoidance The modern progressive tax system has created whole industries of firms and spec...
test-economy-thsptr-con03a	The ability to orchestrate a progressive taxation regime gives undue and dangerous power to the state The power to tax is power to destroy. A state with power over a progressive taxation system can put the wealthy in effective thrall, and use them to benefit its own ends. This is exacerbated by such phenomena as the t...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con03b", "score": 0.7393395304679871, "text": "A state with the ability to levy taxes will not necessarily be evil and dominating of the wealthy. People can always leave a country, so governments must always be accommodating of wealthy citizens, and can be so even within a p...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con03a", "score": 1.000330924987793, "text": "The ability to orchestrate a progressive taxation regime gives undue and dangerous power to the state The power to tax is power to destroy. A state with power over a progressive taxation system can put the wealthy in effective t...
test-economy-thsptr-con01a	Individuals’ property and income are an index of deserving achievement, and of value contributed in the market place to society A progressive taxation system essentially assumes that the property rights of the poor are more sacred than those of the wealthy. Somehow the wealthy have a less proportionate ownership right...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con01b", "score": 0.827992856502533, "text": "Income alone is not a sufficient measure of an individual’s contribution to society. Much income, and proportionally more so among wealthy people, is not the product of effort, but rather is unearned. The state is not punishing p...	[ { "id": "test-economy-thsptr-con01a", "score": 1.0000500679016113, "text": "Individuals’ property and income are an index of deserving achievement, and of value contributed in the market place to society A progressive taxation system essentially assumes that the property rights of the poor are more sac...
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a	The effects of unemployment Unemployment has been linked to several health and wellbeing effects. Firstly, the psychological impact of unemployment involve a range of issues - from confidence to mental well-being. Issues of mental health problems - such as depression, suicide, anxiety, and substance abuse, need recogn...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b", "score": 0.7084359526634216, "text": "Again employment needs to be contextualised with what type of jobs are provided and entered into. It remains questionable as to whether the mental health of women improves if women are employed to work within hazardous work e...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a", "score": 1.0000720024108887, "text": "The effects of unemployment Unemployment has been linked to several health and wellbeing effects. Firstly, the psychological impact of unemployment involve a range of issues - from confidence to mental well-being. Issues of ...
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a	The importance of jobs in livelihoods - money Jobs are empowerment. Building sustainable livelihoods, and tackling poverty in the long term, requires enabling access to capital assets. A key asset is financial capital. Jobs, and employment, provide a means to access and build financial capital required, whether throug...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b", "score": 0.7456344366073608, "text": "The relation between employment, money, and household poverty is not a simple correlation when we consider the type of jobs women are entering. In developing countries work in the informal economy is a large source of women’s...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a", "score": 0.9999563097953796, "text": "The importance of jobs in livelihoods - money Jobs are empowerment. Building sustainable livelihoods, and tackling poverty in the long term, requires enabling access to capital assets. A key asset is financial capital. Jobs,...
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a	Labour participation and rights Labour participation enables an awareness, and acquirement, of equal gender rights. Firstly, labour participation is challenging cultural ideologies and norms of which see the woman’s responsibility as limited to the reproductive sphere. Entering the productive sphere brings women equal...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b", "score": 0.7504864931106567, "text": "For rights to be granted women need to be able to have a position within trade unions, and policy change is required. A recent study shows fewer women than men are found in trade unions across eight African countries looked ...	[ { "id": "test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a", "score": 0.9999718070030212, "text": "Labour participation and rights Labour participation enables an awareness, and acquirement, of equal gender rights. Firstly, labour participation is challenging cultural ideologies and norms of which see the woman’s responsi...