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12,600 | Please write an abstract with title: Communication management for reliable service based IoT systems, and key words: Wireless communication, Conferences, Computer architecture, Reliability, Resource management, Internet of Things, Standards. Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) systems are becoming more and more popular. Moreover, service-based approach to IoT systems development is practically a standard utilized in their architecture. uti. IoT communication problems ware discussed in many articles about wireless communication, sensor networks or cloud computing. However the topic of high-level end to end communication in IoT systems is much less often the point of researchers' interest. Despite that, the reliability of communication makes much more sense especially when it is considered at the application layer. Furthermore, networks utilized in IoT systems are usually virtual and software-based. Due to this fact, it is reasonable to take consider this problem with a novel and adequate approach, rather with classical models of communication resource allocation. In this article authors presented an idea of reliable communication management for IoT systems based on resource allocation. This idea is discussed in context of service-based IoT system lifecycle, especially considering the stages of resource allocation and services execution. Concerning the presented concept, three algorithms were prepared and tested in the simulation process. |
12,601 | Please write an abstract with title: Learner's Experience About Freehand Sketching Vs CAD For Concept Ideation Process During Product Design Development, and key words: Design automation, Navigation, Atmospheric measurements, Education, Particle measurements, Product design, Software. Abstract: During the engineering product development cycle, while going through the concept ideation stage, it is very important to accelerate the thinking process and to represent concept ideas in front of colleagues to brainstorm and refine for faster product design and its development. Availability and use of different computer-aided design (CAD) tools in the market made this concept generation process longer and time-consuming due to its limitation on detailing and editing. As an alternative, freehand sketching is very quick and easily editable which focuses on quantity rather than quality which allows healthy discussion and quick adjustment towards a valid and relevant design proposal. To explore learner's (students') experiences of concept ideation while studying product design and development, different freehand sketching tools were introduced like the use of some software instead of just traditional pen and paper kind of freehand sketching during the start of the trimester to quickly represent their ideas amongst their peers. During the later part of detail design, they used CAD tools. In this paper, a few examples are provided to show students' freehand sketching skills during concept ideation and the use of CAD tools for detailed design drawing. The effectiveness of this approach is measured through a survey conducted for students at the end of the trimester and it has been evaluated based on the survey results. They were asked to give responses based on their experience during the trimester. The results suggest that it is very important to emphasize the use of freehand sketching during concept ideation and the utility of CAD tools at the detail design stage of the product design development to achieve the learning outcomes of the module of Design and Manufacture 1 at the University of Glasgow, Singapore (UGS). |
12,602 | Please write an abstract with title: Static analysis for computing escapability and mutability for Java components, and key words: Java, Information analysis, Information security, Application software, Taxonomy, Information science, Protection, Control systems, Runtime, Explosives. Abstract: A common theme in information security is protection of trusted software components against unauthorized access by untrusted users. In the context of distributed object technologies, such as Enterprise Java Beans, this means preventing leaks of sensitive information to untrusted users, as well as preventing untrusted users from modifying sensitive information. In this paper, we propose an approach for identification and classification of potentially sensitive information that can leak out of trusted software components to untrusted parties. Unlike the current approaches to securing information flow by extending the type system, our technique is based on static points-to, data- and control-dependence, and object mutability analyses. |
12,603 | Please write an abstract with title: An HPC-Driven Data Science Platform to Speed-up Time Series Data Analysis of Patients with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, and key words: Deep learning, Databases, Heuristic algorithms, Computational modeling, Biological system modeling, Time series analysis, Data science. Abstract: An increasing number of data science approaches that take advantage of deep learning in computational medicine and biomedical engineering require parallel and scalable algorithms using High-Performance Computing systems. Especially computational methods for analysing clinical datasets that consist of multivariate time series data can benefit from High-Performance Computing when applying computing-intensive Recurrent Neural Networks. This paper proposes a dynamic data science platform consisting of modular High-Performance Computing systems using accelerators for innovative Deep Learning algorithms to speed-up medical applications that take advantage of large biomedical scientific databases. This platform's core idea is to train a set of Deep Learning models very fast to easily combine and compare the different Deep Learning models' forecast (out-of-sample) performance to their past (in-sample) performance. Considering that this enables a better understanding of what Deep Learning models can be useful to apply to specific medical datasets, our case study leverages the three data science methods Gated Recurrent Units, one-dimensional convolutional layers, and their combination. We validate our approach using the open MIMIC-III database in a case study that assists in understanding, diagnosing, and treating a specific condition that affects Intensive Care Unit patients, namely Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. |
12,604 | Please write an abstract with title: Experimental study and modeling of the temperature dependence of soft breakdown conduction in ultrathin gate oxides, and key words: Temperature dependence, Electric breakdown, Electrons, Physics, Temperature distribution, Shape, Electrodes, Threshold voltage, Analytical models, Conductors. Abstract: In this work, we focus our interest on the temperature dependence of soft breakdown conduction (SBD), mainly in the range in which real devices are commonly operated (-20/spl deg/C<T<160/spl deg/C). A thorough experimental study involving samples with different oxide thicknesses and substrate types is presented, and the results are interpreted in terms of an extended version of the quantum point contact model (QPC) for the non-zero temperature case. Even though several approaches attempting to explain the SBD I-V characteristics have been proposed, analytical modeling of its temperature dependence has always been restricted to a single bias condition. In contrast, we provide a simple parameterization of the experimental data which accounts for both I-V and I-T characteristics within a consistent framework based on the physics of mesoscopic conductors. The magnitude of the current flowing through the SBD spot essentially depends on the barrier height encountered by incoming electrons, while the shape of the I-V characteristics is dictated by the particular features of the spot and the potential drop distribution. |
12,605 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Simplified PWM for Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Inverter Based on Two-Level Common-Mode Voltage Reduction PWM, and key words: Switches, Inverters, Space vector pulse width modulation, Voltage control, Software. Abstract: In this article, a common-mode voltage reduction pulsewidth modulation (CMV-R PWM) for three-level neutral point clamped inverter based on the simplification of the three-level space-vector diagram into that of a two-level inverter is studied. By replacing the switching sequence of two-level space-vector PWM with that of CMV-R PWM, the common-mode voltage of the proposed method can be restricted to one-sixth of the dc-link voltage. With the new switching sequences, the neutral-point voltage control by calculating an optimized injected zero-sequence voltage is introduced. Simulation and comparative analysis is given to illustrate the features of the proposed method. The effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method is verified by experiment. |
12,606 | Please write an abstract with title: Inheritance and Innovation Strategy of Linxia Brick Carving Art based on Digital technology, and key words: Technological innovation, Visualization, Adaptation models, Art, Information age, Ceramics, Cultural differences. Abstract: As we usher in the 21st century, digital technology has risen to an engine of development in the information age, making its presence felt in every aspect of our life, and meanwhile providing new solutions to protection and inheritance of culture and art. Linxia brick carving is a gem of traditional Chinese culture, and it is necessary to explore how to combine digital innovation with inheritance of this cultural gem from the perspective of "intangible cultural heritage". In this paper, the inheritance and innovation of Linxia Brick Carving Art was studied based on Digital technology, from the functional innovation of "environmental pottery", the language innovation of "pottery" craft materials and the visual innovation of modeling language "adapt to time change". This aspect proposes the current innovative digital development strategy of Linxia brick carving art, with the purpose of inspiring people to change their concepts, creating design works that adapt to the development of the times, and expanding new spaces and ways for the development of brick carving art. |
12,607 | Please write an abstract with title: LightHash: Experimental Evaluation of a Photonic Cryptocurrency, and key words: Cryptographic hash function, Energy efficiency, Cryptocurrency, Blockchains, Electrooptical waveguides, Photonics. Abstract: We propose LightHash, the first feasible photonic cryptographic hash function for blockchain technology using programmable photonic networks. We experimentally evaluate LightHash and assess whether photonic circuits can outperform digital competitors in latency and energy efficiency. |
12,608 | Please write an abstract with title: Anomaly Classification in People Counting and Occupancy Sensor Systems, and key words: Sensor systems, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Forestry, Sensor arrays, Intelligent sensors, Thermal sensors. Abstract: People counting and occupancy sensor systems are used in diverse smart building applications like lighting controls, HVAC controls and workspace management. Anomalies in people counting and occupancy sensor data can result in undesirable application behavior. We address the problem of anomaly classification of sensor data using 3-class random forest classifiers in this work. We specifically consider sensor deployment scenarios where sensor fields-of-view may overlap. Depending on the sensor type, we devise signal features in time, frequency and spatio-temporal domains. The proposed random forest classifiers are evaluated using people counting and binary occupancy sensor data in an office environment, and are shown to have higher true positive rate and a lower false positive rate in comparison to an unsupervised k -means method and a random forest classifier with a single signal energy feature. |
12,609 | Please write an abstract with title: Deterministic models for a certain class of autoregressive equations with stochastic coefficients, and key words: Stochastic processes, Stochastic systems, Random processes, Linear predictive coding, Predictive models, Modeling, Difference equations, White noise, Bars, Probability. Abstract: It is shown that an autoregressive system with stationary and independent stochastic coefficients can be modeled by a constant coefficient equation, where the constants are the stochastic means, if the resulting system is sufficiently low pass, low gain (LPLG). The LPLG requirement can be relaxed as the variations on the random coefficients become small. |
12,610 | Please write an abstract with title: Unsupervised band selection for multispectral images using information theory, and key words: Multispectral imaging, Information theory, Entropy, Random variables, Mutual information, Pixel, Information analysis, Data mining, Pattern recognition, Histograms. Abstract: In this paper, the implication of the relations of information in the case of multispectral images is analyzed. Higher-order mutual information can adopt positive or negative values depending of the correlation among ensembles. Therefore, the existence of negative values reflects higher-order correlations in the conditional information. On the other hand, the extraction of optimal subsets of spectral images is proposed as a maximization of the conditional entropies at same time that the dependent information among images is minimized. |
12,611 | Please write an abstract with title: An image translation algorithm based on Generative Adversarial Networks, and key words: Computer vision, Image edge detection, Machine learning, Big Data, Generative adversarial networks, Distortion, Business intelligence. Abstract: Image translation is a hot research topic in the field of computer vision. Unlike the traditional method, which may lead to blur and distortion, we aim to investigate a general image-to-image translation algorithm based on the generative adversarial networks in this paper. We introduce the Patch GAN to make sure the image content is high quality in local details. The whole network also learns a loss function to realize the image reconstruction from label maps and edge maps. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that the translation effect can be improved by improving the clarity of images. |
12,612 | Please write an abstract with title: Limited-view Prototype Design for Radar-based Fruit Imaging, and key words: Location awareness, Microwave technology, Limiting, Image resolution, Imaging, Prototypes, Radar imaging. Abstract: The need for non-destructive food testing has received increasing attention with the rapid global growth in food demand and consumption over the past decades. Current limitations in assessing fruits’ internal quality motivates the requirements of enhancing existing quality assessment procedures in order to decrease the product wastage and increase the safety of the consumers. Microwave imaging is an emerging non-ionizing and non-invasive technology for various applications. This paper investigates and presents the effects of reducing the number of views on the capability of a Huygens based algorithm to detect and locate the seeds inside the fruits. The results show that limiting the number of receiving views to 180 degrees does not affect the resolution of the detected target while further reduction of the views to 90 degrees only causes a minor offset in localization. This reduction in the number of receiving positions makes way for the design of a faster, cheaper and less complex food imaging prototype. Consequently, we present the design of an automated limited-view data acquisition system tailored for food imaging applications. |
12,613 | Please write an abstract with title: Ad hoc MPLS for virtual-connection-oriented mobile ad hoc networks, and key words: Multiprotocol label switching, Mobile ad hoc networks, Telecommunication traffic, Wireless networks, Ad hoc networks, Protection, Asynchronous transfer mode, Routing, IP networks, Wavelength division multiplexing. Abstract: During the past few years, IP with multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) over WDM has emerged as the paradigm of choice for the future optical Internet. However, MPLS is complex and does not take into account mobility in wireless networks, so the current version of MPLS cannot be applied to wireless networks to establish connections in an end-to-end manner. We propose ad hoc MPLS, a light-weight version of MPLS with an ad hoc LSP (label switched path) extension for the realization of end-to-end virtual-connection-oriented ad hoc networks, which in turn enables end-to-end QoS provisioning, traffic engineering and protection/restoration. |
12,614 | Please write an abstract with title: Kilovolt Tri-Gate GaN Junction HEMTs with High Thermal Stability, and key words: Electric potential, HEMTs, Logic gates, Threshold voltage, Wide band gap semiconductors, MODFETs, Wrapping. Abstract: The lack of reports on the high-temperature performance of tri-gate GaN power HEMTs has raised serious concern on their competitiveness. This work demonstrates the first normally-off tri-gate GaN HEMT that can block kilovolts at 150 °C and zero gate bias. The key enabling device design is a new type of tri-gate, the junction tri-gate, which comprises p-n junction wrapping around AlGaN/GaN fins in the gate region. At 150 °C, the GaN tri-gate junction HEMT (Tri-JHEMT) retains strong gate control and stable threshold voltage, while the traditional tri-gate metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) HEMTs fabricated on the same wafer shows a large threshold voltage shift and inferior capabilities of voltage blocking. These results show the excellent thermal stability of GaN Tri-JHEMTs and their great potentials for power electronics applications. |
12,615 | Please write an abstract with title: A Bibliometric based Analysis to Identify Promising Domains of Decarbonisation Technologies, and key words: Technological innovation, Renewable energy sources, Patents, Hydrogen storage, Databases, Hydrogen, Bibliometrics. Abstract: The high volume of research outputs related to technologies and strategies for decarbonisation can make it challenging to understand the relevance of the presented proposals. In this paper, a bibliometric-based analysis is proposed to understand better the domains and subdomains of decarbonisation technologies that have given more attention by the scientific community. The results show that carbon capture technologies, renewable energy sources, electric mobility, green hydrogen, and storage systems are the technology innovations that have received the most attention in the period 2013 to 2021. These results confirm the traditional supply-side orientation of research on technology innovations. |
12,616 | Please write an abstract with title: Distributed Gradient Flow: Nonsmoothness, Nonconvexity, and Saddle Point Evasion, and key words: Optimization, Convergence, Linear programming, Manifolds, Standards, Heuristic algorithms, Trajectory. Abstract: The article considers distributed gradient flow (DGF) for multiagent nonconvex optimization. DGF is a continuous-time approximation of distributed gradient descent that is often easier to study than its discrete-time counterpart. The article has two main contributions. First, the article considers optimization of nonsmooth, nonconvex objective functions. It is shown that DGF converges to critical points in this setting. The article then considers the problem of avoiding saddle points. It is shown that if agents’ objective functions are assumed to be smooth and nonconvex, then DGF can only converge to a saddle point from a zero-measure set of initial conditions. To establish this result, the article proves a stable manifold theorem for DGF, which is a fundamental contribution of independent interest. In a companion article, analogous results are derived for discrete-time algorithms. |
12,617 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of a cesium atomic fountain frequency standard, and key words: Standards development, Atomic beams, Atom optics, Frequency, Atomic layer deposition, Optical pumping, Clocks, Atom lasers, Signal to noise ratio, Optical polarization. Abstract: We report on the development of a cesium atomic fountain frequency standard at KRISS. We have recently observed Ramsey fringes of 1 Hz linewidth on the 9.2 GHz clock transition of cesium atoms in our fountain. |
12,618 | Please write an abstract with title: “Robocare for Elderly”: A Personal Assistant Robot for Elderly People, and key words: Temperature sensors, Costs, Prototypes, Microcomputers, Robot sensing systems, DC motors, Software systems. Abstract: This paper discusses a Robot for the elderly which consists of various electronic devices that can be altered in the future and can be used to make other robotic devices, which can be used in the household environment. “Robocare for Elderly” is a prototype of an actual Personal Assistant Robot which can be used in the future to take care of elderly people as a companion. This system involves Raspberry Pi Microcomputer, Ultrasonic sensor, PIR sensor, Temperature Sensor, LEDs, in-built Bluetooth module, Dc Motor, Servo Motor, Speakers, etc. The main objective in the developed work is to build a prototype of a personal assistant robot that is of low cost and can be used in every house, thus, making better use of technology. The future scope of this work is that it can be enhanced by upgrading the technology used, more user friendly, and it may be possible for the system to react according to the surrounding using dynamic systems. The elderly people will be the most beneficial with this implementation. Thus, “Robocare for Elderly” is more precisely a personal assistant robot which is a part of a smart house environment. |
12,619 | Please write an abstract with title: Fractional Approximation of Broad Learning System, and key words: Biological neural networks, Neurons, Fractional calculus, Convergence, Petroleum, Learning systems, Complexity theory. Abstract: Approximation ability is of much importance for neural networks. The broad learning system (BLS) (Chen and Liu, 2018), widely used in the industry with good performance, has been proved to be a universal approximator from the aspect of density. This kind of approximation property is very important, which proves the existence of the desired network but does not provide a means of construction that is commonly implemented through complexity aspect. Thus, such an approach lacks the advantage of determining constructively the network architecture and its weights. To the best of our knowledge, for a BLS, there is a few theory providing a constructive approach to obtain the network structure along with weights ensuring the approximation properties. By virtue of the long-term memory and nonlocality properties, fractional calculus has observed many distinctive applications. The purpose of this article is to study the BLS approximation ability constructively, which is valid for fractional case as well. Specifically, first we introduce two simplified BLSs by means of extending functions. For each of the simplified BLSs, an upper bound of error is derived through the modulus of continuity of Caputo fractional derivatives. As a result, two types of fractional convergent behaviors of BLS, that is: 1) pointwise and 2) uniform convergence, have been rigorously proved as well. Finally, some numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the approximation capabilities of BLSs. |
12,620 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparison of MOSFET logic circuits, and key words: MOSFET circuits, Logic circuits, CMOS logic circuits, Delay, Clocks, Frequency, Semiconductor diodes, Voltage, FETs, Power MOSFET. Abstract: Linear load, depletion-mode load, four-phase dynamic, and complementary MOSFET logic circuits are compared on the basis of power, delay, and density for two specific master slice layouts. The circuits were designed in a common technology base, and normalized power and delay characteristics were calculated by simulation. Chips of 1280 circuits were designed in images having one and two layers of metal, and power versus delay curves were calculated. The effect of an insulating substrate was also considered. |
12,621 | Please write an abstract with title: Landscape Facade Design of Buildings Around the Ocean Based on Radial Basis Neural Network, and key words: Training, Analytical models, Vocabulary, Sea surface, Rain, Oceans, Buildings. Abstract: As the interface of the cities around the ocean, the façade of the buildings around the ocean not only has the functional role of sheltering from wind and rain, but also its design often reflects the internal meaning of the architectural style, the design connotation of the architect, the urban style and so on. The material, color and composition vocabulary of the surface are all important ways to express the connotation of the building. This paper takes the design of building facades around the ocean as an example, analyzes the structural model of radial basis neural network and applies the neural network to building structure modeling. Through neural network training, complex building nonlinear structures can be modeled. Solve construction engineering problems. By analyzing the training errors of different network training times, it is concluded that the radial basis neural network has a good application prospect in building structure modeling. |
12,622 | Please write an abstract with title: Real-Time Stability Boundary Identification of Prosumers PCC in a Virtual Power Plant, and key words: Couplings, Reactive power, Voltage measurement, Power measurement, Differential equations, Power system stability, Virtual power plants. Abstract: A real-time stability boundary identification of prosumers’ point of common coupling buses in a virtual power plant is presented in this article. This stability boundary identification enables superior observability of the virtual power plant’s cyber-layer to the network prosumers. Hence, allowing prosumers to perform independently stability studies at their local point of common coupling bus terminals. Thereby, providing a secure alternative to the information received from a compromised virtual power plant cyber-layer during cyber-attacks. The main concept of this article is solving a pair of simultaneous differential equations to deduce the grid voltage seen at the prosumer point of common coupling bus. These two differential equations are describing the relation between the active and reactive power measurements observed at the prosumer point of common coupling bus and the grid voltage. Then, this real-time grid voltage observation is utilized in constructing P-V curve or P-Q-V surface for identifying the stability boundary (i.e., the critical point of collapse) of the prosumer point of common coupling bus. Finally, the theoretical analysis is validated with three scenarios. |
12,623 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards vision-based robotic skins: a data-driven, multi-camera tactile sensor, and key words: Surface reconstruction, Scalability, Force, Robot vision systems, Tactile sensors, Computer architecture, Cameras. Abstract: This paper describes the design of a multi-camera optical tactile sensor that provides information about the contact force distribution applied to its soft surface. This information is contained in the motion of spherical particles spread within the surface, which deforms when subject to force. The small embedded cameras capture images of the different particle patterns that are then mapped to the three-dimensional contact force distribution through a machine learning architecture. The design proposed in this paper exhibits a larger contact surface and a thinner structure than most of the existing camera-based tactile sensors, without the use of additional reflecting components such as mirrors. A modular implementation of the learning architecture is discussed that facilitates the scalability to larger surfaces such as robotic skins. |
12,624 | Please write an abstract with title: Comment on "Numerical Calculation of Electromagnetic Energy Deposition for a Realistic Model of Man", and key words: Electromagnetic modeling, Humans, Shape, Resonance, Microwave theory and techniques, Biological system modeling, Capacitance, Microstrip, Thigh, Torso. Abstract: In the above paper , Hagmann et al. compared their numencal results on the energy deposition in a model of man with ours, and indicated that our results are low compared with their numerical and experimental results. Our low SAR values were obtained because they were based on a simplified model of man which has a reasonable shape but an excessive weight of about 200 kg. We have since published a considerable amount of results based on a more realistic model of man, which has a more realistic shape and a weight of about 100 kg. Our numerical results based on the realistic model of man are quite close to the numerical and experimental results of Hagmann et al. as shown in Table I. |
12,625 | Please write an abstract with title: Flexible MPLS signaling (FMS) for mobile networks, and key words: Multiprotocol label switching, Flexible manufacturing systems, Quality of service, Protocols, Network topology, Next generation networking, Wireless networks, Telecommunication traffic, Packet switching, Protection switching. Abstract: Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) has gained momentum in recent years as an effective tool to provide quality of service (QoS) in a variety of networks. This has in turn created active interest in the area of recovery in MPLS based networks. A number of recovery schemes for MPLS domains have been proposed in recent years. However, the current schemes lack support for recovery in dynamic network topologies. In this paper, a new flexible signaling protocol for LSP rerouting in dynamic network environments is introduced. The signaling protocol recovers from node and link failures reactively, eliminating the need for end-to-end LSP reestablishment. The performance of the signaling protocol is presented through simulations. |
12,626 | Please write an abstract with title: Constructivism and program comprehension strategies, and key words: Programming profession, Educational institutions, Conferences, Cultural differences. Abstract: Program comprehension strategies and learning theories are difficult topics in themselves, and the combination of both can provide some interesting observations. Constructivism differs from the traditional learning theories which suggest knowledge exists as something independent of the individual in several ways. One major premise of constructivism is that we actively construct our knowledge rather than simply absorbing it through repeated practice or predefined steps. Constructivism asserts that there is no knowledge independent of that constructed by the learner, and its construction is a unique experience for each individual. This paper provides an overview of existing program comprehension strategies and contrasts them in relation to the learning theory of constructivism. |
12,627 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of General Plane Wave Propagation in Biaxial Media Using the kDB System, and key words: Propagation, Media, Boundary conditions, Metamaterials, Magnetic materials, Magnetic fields, Dispersion. Abstract: A generalized analysis to determine the Cartesian electric and magnetic field components of anisotropic biaxial media based on kDB formalism and coordinate system is introduced. The approach solves for each characteristic eigenwave within kDB system before transforming the fields back to Cartesian coordinates. This formulation accounts for arbitrary plane wave propagation angles in biaxial media and allows for ease of boundary condition enforcement. |
12,628 | Please write an abstract with title: Variation in bandwidths among solutions to shaped beam synthesis problems concerning linear arrays of parallel dipoles, and key words: Bandwidth, Impedance, Linear antenna arrays, Frequency, Equations, Shape measurement, Mutual coupling, Power generation, Voltage. Abstract: The problem of synthesizing a linear array generating a shaped beam pattern with M filled nulls has 2/sup M/ alternative solutions. In this study we examined their bandwidths as regards compliance with pattern quality or input impedance requirements in the presence and absence of a backing ground plane. Placing a ground plane behind the antenna almost doubles sidelobe level bandwidth. |
12,629 | Please write an abstract with title: LabVIEW Based System for Determining Energy Flows in Energy Storage System, and key words: Instruments, Capacitors, Tools, Supercapacitors, Capacitance, Reliability engineering, Mathematical models. Abstract: This paper presents an idea for using LabVIEW to create a virtual tool for determining the energy flows during charging an energy storage system made of connected in series supercapacitor cells. The preliminary developed charging algorithm is described and its basic equations are given. The presented tool allows the changing of some basic parameters of the energy storage system and observing if the algorithm is applicable. |
12,630 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles As Catalyst For Nanomolar-Level Detection Of Neurotransmitter Serotonin In Serum, and key words: Nanoparticles, Neurotransmitters, Sensitivity, Metals, Catalysis, Sensors, Nanobioscience. Abstract: For the first time, high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles are used as electrochemical sensing catalyst to detect serotonin molecules with printed sensor chips. As a major neurotransmitter, serotonin contributes to a variety of biological and psychopathological processes and is considered as a biomarker for the diagnosis of various diseases. Herein, a senary HEA nanomaterial, PtPdRhRuIrNi, is synthesized as highly active catalyst for the electro-oxidation of serotonin. With the conductive graphene nanofiber (GNF) as support, the sensing material PtPdRhRuIrNi@GNF shows high sensitivity (LOD of 10 nM) and selectivity, and successfully detect serotonin in serum samples, exhibiting huge potential in biosensing field. |
12,631 | Please write an abstract with title: Urban Flood Susceptibility Mapping of Kochi Taluk Using Remote Sensing and GIS, and key words: Economics, Three-dimensional displays, Urban areas, Information services, Electric variables measurement, Geospatial analysis, Floods. Abstract: Urban flooding is a rising global issue which can cause significant environmental, social, economic and human losses. The primary reason for the occurrence of floods in Indian cities is high intensity rainfall. There are several other factors which play a vital role in the occurrence of urban floods like elevation, slope, land use/ land cover (LULC), etc. This project aims to identify the geospatial factors that are associated with urban flooding and produce an urban flood susceptibility map for Kochi taluk using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS). The susceptibility mapping and its analysis was done from remotely sensed images with the help of GIS-based multi criteria decision making (MCDM) approach. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique in integration with Geographical Information System (GIS) and Weighted Overlay Analysis had been incorporated to classify the land for urban flood susceptibility. The percentage area of highly susceptible land in Kochi increased from 24.10 % to 58.91 % for the years 2008 and 2018 |
12,632 | Please write an abstract with title: Early Diagnosis and Detection of Vascular Dementia based on Mobile V Net Framework using DCNN, and key words: Brain MRI, deep learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Mobile Net, early-stage detection, and diagnosis. Abstract: The Alzheimer disease is a long-term neurodegenerative illness. It is the leading causative agent of brain damage. Alzheimer's disease has an impact for memory, behaviour, and reasoning. It is possible to diagnose neurological illnesses including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia with the exact segmentation of brain tissues in magnetic resonance imaging, which include the white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, and grey matter. Alzheimer's disease has been diagnosed by examining the patient's MRI scan. Throughout this analysis, our aim is to develop the Convolutional neural network design towards predicting Alzheimer illness. The Deep Convolutional Neural Network will be used in this study to classify Alzheimer's disease (CNN). To begin, we worked on the MRI images, splitting them into an appropriate format to prevent data leakage. In this paper we proposed a Mobile Net V2 Architecture model that is used in depth wise separable convolutions and has fewer parameters and numerous conceptual precisions. To minimise the amount of network parameters and maximize classification results, dense blocks, as proposed in Dense Nets, are incorporated Mobile Net. The Mobile Net architecture for Alzheimer's disease classification achieves an accuracy of 94%. |
12,633 | Please write an abstract with title: Rapid Calculation Method of Three-Dimensional Communication Range in HF Broadband Communication System, and key words: Coils, Wireless communication, Inductance, Measurement uncertainty, Printed circuits, Conductors, Mathematical models. Abstract: RF interference is a vital issue to construct the communication network using many Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This study proposes the rapid estimation three-dimensional communication range for the wireless communication system using magnetic field coupling of air-core coils in HF broadband communication. Firstly, an equivalent circuit for rapid calculation of transmission coefficient between transmission coils is shown. The theoretical equation for accurate calculation of the inductance of a straight conductor is derived, followed by the calculation of the total inductance of coils by combining inductances of straight conductors. Then, the calculation speed and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by the simulation and the measurement using the coil implemented on a printed circuit board (PCB). As a result, the proposed method can calculate the transmission coefficient in a few milliseconds, and the error is approximately 1 dB compared to the measurement results. Additionally, it plotted the entire communication range in 3 seconds for the case study of a 2-turns coil. |
12,634 | Please write an abstract with title: High Step-down Converters for Battery Charging in Photovoltaic Applications, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Buck converters, Voltage measurement, Capacitors, Switching loss, Switches, Topology. Abstract: This paper describes non-isolated high step-down converters used to connect photovoltaic modules to the battery storage of a bicycle charging station. Due to the high voltage difference between input and output, some problems may occur with conventional non-isolated DC-DC buck converters. The characteristics of alternative topologies of high step-down converters have been explored. Ideal converter models were created in the PLECS simulation software package based on which the voltage and current stress of the semiconductor switches were determined. Based on measured voltage and current relations, commercial switches were selected. Based on catalogue data, electro-thermal models of the switches were created. A comparative analysis of converters based on conduction and switching losses was performed. Converters were also compared based on the number of components and complexity of control. |
12,635 | Please write an abstract with title: Interference Striation Based Particle Filter Tracking for Target Depth in the Reliable Acoustic Path, and key words: Target tracking, Atmospheric measurements, Sea measurements, Interference, Particle measurements, Acoustic measurements, Mathematical models. Abstract: Effective real-time estimation of target depth trajectory is an important issue in target detection. This paper proposes a target depth tracking method based on particle filter in the reliable acoustic path. The proposed method utilizes the Lloyd mirror interference to model the measurement equation as a function of the acoustic power spectrum varying with the target depth. The notable feature of the method is the use of analytical expressions of measurement equations to improve efficiency. The method is successfully verified by experimental data, and the result proves the effectiveness of the method in target depth tracking. |
12,636 | Please write an abstract with title: Vehicle-mounted Early Warning System Based on Edge Intelligence, and key words: Cloud computing, Image edge detection, Bandwidth, Alarm systems, Fatigue, Real-time systems, Internet of Things. Abstract: With the steady development of the social economy, the number of motor vehicles has increased rapidly. The number of traffic accidents continues to rise, and fatigue driving is one of the key factors leading to frequent traffic accidents. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology based on cloud computing is receiving more and more attention, and the requirement of device for edge of IoT also has been increased. The amount of data generated by devices has exploded, which has brought a higher demand for data transmission bandwidth. Therefore, this paper proposes an edge intelligent vehicle-mounted early warning system based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), YOLOv4, and Deep Simple Online And Realtime Tracking (Deep SORT) algorithms. The system does not need to transmit data to the cloud center for processing, and realizes dual monitoring inside and outside the vehicle locally, effectively alleviating the pressure on transmission bandwidth. The result performed that the edge system can detect driver fatigue status and object categories outside the vehicle in real time, which has a positive effect on reducing traffic accidents and developing intelligent transportation. |
12,637 | Please write an abstract with title: An AI-based Approach for Grading Students’ Collaboration, and key words: Collaboration, Codes, Software engineering, Measurement, Teamwork, Market research, Electronic mail. Abstract: Soft skills (such as communication and collaboration) are rarely addressed in programming courses, mostly because they are difficult to teach, assess, and grade. A quantitative, modular, AI-based approach for assessing and grading students' collaboration has been examined in this article. The pedagogical underpinning of the approach includes a pedagogical framework and a quantitative soft skill assessment rubric, which have been adapted and used in an extracurricular Java programming course. The objective was to identify pros and cons of using different AI methods within this approach when it comes to assessing and grading collaboration in group programming projects. More specifically, fuzzy rules and several machine learning methods (ML onward) have been examined to see which one would yield the best results regarding performance, interpretability/explainability of recommendations, and feasibility/practicality. The data used for training and testing span four academic years, and the results suggest that almost all of the examined AI methods, when used within the proposed AI-based approach, can provide adequate grading recommendations as long as teachers cover other aspects of the assessment not covered by the rubrics: code quality, plagiarism, and project completion. The fuzzy-rule-based method requires time and effort to be spent on (manual) creation and tuning of fuzzy rules and sets, whereas the examined ML methods require lesser initial investments but do need historical data for training. On the other hand, the fuzzy-rule-based method can provide the best explanations on how the assessment/grading was made—something that proved to be very important to teachers. |
12,638 | Please write an abstract with title: Successive refinement for the Wyner-Ziv problem and layered code design, and key words: Source coding, Rate-distortion, Decoding, Encoding, Distortion measurement, Quantization, Parity check codes, Performance loss, Information theory, Channel coding. Abstract: This paper focuses on successive refinement for the Wyner-Ziv problem and layered code refinement coding scheme for the Wyner-Ziv problem consists of multistage encoders and decoders where each decoder uses all the information generated from previous encoding stages and the side information, which could be different from stage to stage. On extending successive refinability from jointly Gaussian source to the more general type of sources, the difference between the source and the side information is Gaussian and independent of the side information. A layered (successive) coding scheme using nested scalar quantization and Slepian-Wolf coding of bit planes based on LDPC codes is also described. |
12,639 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of a linear C-band helix TWT for digital communications experiments using the CHRISTINE suite of large-signal codes, and key words: Digital communication, Design optimization, Linearity, Bandwidth, Power generation, Digital modulation, Circuit synthesis, Microwave communication, Phase shift keying, Nonlinear distortion. Abstract: A set of optimization goal functions designed to improve the efficiency and linearity performance of helix traveling-wave tubes (TWT) is described. These goal functions were implemented in the CHRISTINE suite of large-signal helix TWT codes along with a steepest-descent optimization algorithm to automate the process of circuit parameter variation and to facilitate the rapid exploration of alternative TWT designs. We compare the predicted power, efficiency, and linearity of four different helix TWT circuits, each developed according to a different set of optimization criteria. Out of these designs, a single design was selected to be further developed for use in C-band high-data-rate communications experiments. The detailed design of this linearized TWT with a predicted 1-dB small-signal bandwidth of 1.2 GHz, small-signal centerband gain of 35.7 dB (f/sub c/=5.5 GHz), and centerband saturated output power of 52 dBm (158.5 W) is presented. |
12,640 | Please write an abstract with title: Linearity performance of a signal up-conversion by using cross-phase-modulation in all-optical SOA-MZI wavelength converter, and key words: Linearity, Optical interferometry, Semiconductor optical amplifiers, Nonlinear optics, Optical modulation, Optical noise, Optical wavelength conversion, Stimulated emission, Millimeter wave technology, Signal generators. Abstract: In this work, we report on a signal up-conversion by using an semiconductor optical amplifier- Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) wavelength converter based on a cross phase modulation (XPM) effect in SOA. This scheme shows not only a high conversion efficiency and an immunity to polarization but also a good linearity and a low input optical power requirement. |
12,641 | Please write an abstract with title: Cylindrical Magnetic Nanowires Applications, and key words: Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Magnetosphere, Nanowires, Aluminum, Magnetoelectric effects, Shape, Magnetic resonance imaging. Abstract: Cylindrical magnetic nanowires (NWs) feature unique properties, which make them attractive for fundamental research and novel applications. These 1-D structures introduce a pronounced shape anisotropy that together with material selection can strongly affect the magnetic properties and can be tuned by incorporating segments of different materials or diameters along the length. They attract a large interest in the scientific community, ranging from physicists to material scientists to bioengineers. Consequently, these NWs are developed for and used in very diverse applications in medicine, biology, data and energy storage, catalysis, or microwave electronics, among others. In this review, we investigate the most active emerging applications of cylindrical NWs grown in alumina templates by electrochemical deposition. This method has several key features, including low cost and a high level of control over the design. A fundamental property that distinguishes those applications is the operating frequency, which we chose to apply as an underlying structure for this review. With this, we attempt to provide a wide and organized view of applications based on cylindrical magnetic NWs with a focus on tailored physical and chemical properties. |
12,642 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust Locomotion Exploiting Multiple Balance Strategies: An Observer-Based Cascaded Model Predictive Control Approach, and key words: Legged locomotion, Trajectory, Foot, Solid modeling, Predictive control, Hip, Computational modeling. Abstract: Robust locomotion is a challenging task for humanoid robots, especially when considering dynamic disturbances. This article proposes a disturbance observer-based cascaded model predictive control (MPC) approach for bipedal locomotion, with the capability of exploiting ankle, stepping, hip and height variation strategies. Specifically, based on the variable-height inverted pendulum model, a nonlinear MPC that is run at a low frequency is built for 3-D locomotion (i.e., with height variation) while accounting for the footstep modulation as well. Differing from previous works, the nonlinear MPC is formulated as a convex optimization problem by semidefinite relaxation. Subsequently, assuming a flywheel at the pelvis center, a linear MPC that is run at a high frequency is proposed to regulate angular momentum (e.g., through rotating the upper body), which is solved by convex quadratic programming. To run the cascaded MPC in a closed-loop manner, a high order sliding mode observer is designed to estimate system states and dynamic disturbances simultaneously. Simulation and hardware experiments demonstrate the walking robustness in real-world scenarios, including 3-D walking with varying speeds, walking across non-coplanar terrains and push recovery. |
12,643 | Please write an abstract with title: Influence of Weather Conditions on Disconnection in Open Optical Transmission Systems, and key words: Integrated optics, Information science, Optical design, Optical attenuators, Attenuation, Optical fiber communication, Meteorology. Abstract: A formalized algorithm is presented and a calculation of communication breakdown in atmospheric optical transmission systems is made depending on the intensity of precipitation based on published statistically processed experimental data on the quantitative characteristics of the distribution of raindrops by size. Based on the meteorological data received from the weather stations of the Karshi airport, statistics on the minimum visibility range have been compiled. Based on these data, the integral distribution functions of the minimum visibility range and kilometric attenuation necessary to take into account the climatic features of a given geographic area, when designing open optical transmission systems, were calculated. |
12,644 | Please write an abstract with title: In-band pumped CW Nd:YAP laser, and key words: Semiconductor lasers, Power lasers, Laser excitation, Pump lasers, Power generation, Photonics. Abstract: We report on continuous-wave Nd:YAP laser with in-band diode pumping around 910 nm. The laser produced an average output power of 1.15 W at 1079 nm. |
12,645 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural network for LIDAR detection of fish, and key words: Neural networks, Laser radar, Marine animals, Laser noise, Linear predictive coding, Multilayer perceptrons, Backscatter, Earth, Surface emitting lasers, Frequency. Abstract: In this paper we present a neural network for detection of fish, from light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data and have described a classification method for distinguishing between water-layer, bottom and fish. Four multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) were developed for the classification purpose, where classes include fish, bottom and water-layer. The LIDAR data gives a sequence of intensity of laser backscatters obtained from laser shots at various heights above the Earth surface. The data is preprocessed to remove the high frequency noise and then a window of the sample is selected for further processing to extract features for classification purposes. We have used linear predictive coding (LPC) analysis for the feature detection purpose. The results show that the detection technique is effective and can do the required classification with a high degree of accuracy. We have tried our approach with four different MLPs and are presenting the data obtained from each of them. |
12,646 | Please write an abstract with title: The Study of Efficacy of Gaussian Mixture Model In Image Tracking System Using the Canny Optical Flow Technique, and key words: Video on demand, Tracking, Image edge detection, Surveillance, Object detection, Real-time systems, Sustainable development. Abstract: Detecting and tracking moving objects in a sequence of video images is an important operation in the field of computer vision. However, problems of image noise, complex object forms and motions, and real-time processing are few of the challenging facing existing flow calculation methods as they are computationally complicated and highly vulnerable to noise. Hence, this paper presents a technique less susceptible to noise and computationally efficient. Canny Optical Flow (Canny-O-Flow) was used in this study to develop a framework for recognizing and tracking moving objects in video. Video datasets in avi and mp4 format were acquired from MathWorks and YouTube respectively. The obtained datasets were preprocessed by splitting the videos into numerous frames. The video dataset's rapid shift in intensity and Object's borders were discovered using Gaussian Mixture Model and Canny Edge technique, respectively. The performance of Canny-O -Flow and O-Flow techniques were investigated by compared using Accuracy, Precision, False Acceptance Rate, False Rejection Rate and Processing time as the performance metrices. Additionally, the techniques were validated by t-test to compare the differences between the two techniques at 5% significance level. It showed that p=0.008 for test of significance between the Canny-O-Flow and O-Flow techniques. The developed Canny-O-Flow framework was able to recognize and track moving objects more efficiently and with less processing time than the standard technique. |
12,647 | Please write an abstract with title: System Approach to Electric Machines Development for Aviation Hybrid Propulsion Systems Under Economic Crisis, and key words: Aircraft, Aircraft propulsion, Aircraft manufacture, Task analysis, Manufacturing, Energy management, Fuels. Abstract: In this article, the process of electric machine development for aircraft with hybrid propulsion system is considered at all development stages: From the formation of technical task to the bench tests. Electric generator power of 400 kW and rotational speed of 12 000 r/min intended for aircraft with hybrid propulsion system passenger capacity of 9–19 seats was used as an example. The most problematic places and possible solutions are identified. The problems that can be revealed from each design part are considered and its influence on the entire development process is analyzed. We analyzed the influence of technological parameters in the prototyping on the accuracy of computer simulation. We also described the accident that occurred during the testing of the experimental sample, analyzed the causes of its occurrence and identified the consequences. |
12,648 | Please write an abstract with title: Physics-Guided Generative Adversarial Networks for Sea Subsurface Temperature Prediction, and key words: Numerical models, Ocean temperature, Data models, Predictive models, Generative adversarial networks, Temperature distribution, Mathematical models, Climate change, Global warming. Abstract: Sea subsurface temperature, an essential component of aquatic wildlife, underwater dynamics, and heat transfer with the sea surface, is affected by global warming in climate change. Existing research is commonly based on either physics-based numerical models or data-based models. Physical modeling and machine learning are traditionally considered as two unrelated fields for the sea subsurface temperature prediction task, with very different scientific paradigms (physics-driven and data-driven). However, we believe that both methods are complementary to each other. Physical modeling methods can offer the potential for extrapolation beyond observational conditions, while data-driven methods are flexible in adapting to data and are capable of detecting unexpected patterns. The combination of both approaches is very attractive and offers potential performance improvement. In this article, we propose a novel framework based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) combined with a numerical model to predict sea subsurface temperature. First, a GAN-based model is used to learn the simplified physics between the surface temperature and the target subsurface temperature in the numerical model. Then, observation data are used to calibrate the GAN-based model parameters to obtain a better prediction. We evaluate the proposed framework by predicting daily sea subsurface temperature in the South China Sea. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. |
12,649 | Please write an abstract with title: HiBRID-SoC: a system-on-chip architecture with two multimedia DSPs and a RISC core, and key words: System-on-a-chip, Multimedia systems, Digital signal processing, Reduced instruction set computing, Computer architecture, Streaming media, System buses, MPEG 4 Standard, Application software, Hardware. Abstract: The HiBRID-SoC integrates three fully programmable processor cores, each optimized towards a particular class of algorithm: the HiPAR-DSP for DSP oriented functions, the macroblock processor for block oriented algorithms, and the stream processor for bitstream processing. Dedicated interface units for SDRAM, serial Flash, and host system access are connected via a 64 bit AMBA AHB system bus with the processor cores. Dual-port memories between the processor cores facilitate fast data and control information exchange between the cores. The HiBRID-SoC is fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m 6LM standard-cell technology, occupies about 82 mm/sup 2/, and operates at 160 MHz. |
12,650 | Please write an abstract with title: MAT: Mask-Aware Transformer for Large Hole Image Inpainting, and key words: Image quality, Convolutional codes, Computer vision, Image resolution, Computational modeling, Modulation, Computer architecture. Abstract: Recent studies have shown the importance of modeling long-range interactions in the inpainting problem. To achieve this goal, existing approaches exploit either standalone attention techniques or transformers, but usually under a low resolution in consideration of computational cost. In this paper, we present a novel transformer-based model for large hole inpainting, which unifies the merits of transformers and convolutions to efficiently process high-resolution images. We carefully design each component of our framework to guarantee the high fidelity and diversity of recovered images. Specifically, we customize an inpainting-oriented transformer block, where the attention module aggregates non-local information only from partial valid tokens, indicated by a dynamic mask. Extensive experiments demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of the new model on multiple benchmark datasets. Code is released at https://github.com/fenglinglwb/MAT. |
12,651 | Please write an abstract with title: Survey on Reinforcement Learning Approaches for Cache-Assisted Video Streaming System, and key words: Reinforcement learning, Streaming media. Abstract: This paper surveys the state-of-the-art studies on video caching and delivery especially based on the reinforcement learning (RL) approach. Even though there have been many researches on the RL-based content caching and delivery, caching and delivery of video contents should be more carefully designed to reflect the unique characteristics of video contents. We focus on the following characteristics of videos files: i) a video can be encoded into multiple quality levels, ii) provision of streaming services for mobile users is necessary, and iii) a video consists of multiple sequential chunks. |
12,652 | Please write an abstract with title: Overview of research activities at Center for Power Electronics Systems, and key words: Power electronics, Power engineering and energy, Systems engineering and theory, Technology planning, Knowledge engineering, Electronics industry, Mass production, Power system reliability, Circuits, Power engineering computing. Abstract: The Center for Power Electronics Systems (CPES) is a National Science Foundation engineering research center with members from 5 universities and 80 industry partners. The CPES vision is to develop an integrated systems approach to via the concept of the "integrated power electronic modules" (IPEMs), thereby facilitating standardized and modular design, automated manufacturing and mass production of power electronics solutions. This paper gives a brief overview of the breadth of work ongoing at CPES, and then highlights present work that is of special interest to the electric ship power systems applications. |
12,653 | Please write an abstract with title: A new design of hierarchical fuzzy hybrid position/force control for flexible link robot arm, and key words: Fuzzy control, Force control, Manipulator dynamics, Fuzzy logic, Control systems, End effectors, Service robots, Mechanical variables control, Motion control, Equations. Abstract: The subject of this article is the examination of dynamics and a control issue of a robotic manipulator modeled with link structural flexibility during execution of a task that requires the robot tip to contact fixed rigid objects in the work environment. In this paper, the hybrid position/force control for a flexible link robot arm is adopted. Therefore, a multi-time scale fuzzy logic controller will be applied for such system. Using this methodology, the control of the force and the position of the end point are possible while the end effector moves on the constraint surface. |
12,654 | Please write an abstract with title: Security analysis and the DSM model, and key words: Information security, Information analysis, Information systems, Web server, Internet, Network servers, Computer crime, Risk management, Computer hacking, Data security. Abstract: This paper mainly discusses security analysis in Web-based information systems. The analysis focuses on current client/server system application environments and system vulnerabilities. The paper also briefly describes a proposed conceptual security model-dual security model (DSM). The model focuses on risk management by identifying possible attacks on the system and addressing them before they can impact significantly system security and business of the organisation. The key design feature of this model is developing a high level risk assessment framework for analysing and evaluating the system environment, interrelated system functions, risk modelling and the evaluation process in Web-based information systems. |
12,655 | Please write an abstract with title: Radar Objects Modelling and Selection in Speckle Images, and key words: Analytical models, Correlation, Smoothing methods, Radar, Object detection, Speckle, Radar imaging. Abstract: The problem of selection of compact objects of interest in speckle radar images is considered. The phenomenological model for speckles is analyzed, the relationship between the model parameters and the descriptors of the correlation properties of speckles is investigated. An algorithm for modeling objects of interest using speckle structures is proposed. An algorithm for selecting objects using multi-threshold processing in model and real speckle radar images is investigated. |
12,656 | Please write an abstract with title: Nezha-Mini: Design and Locomotion of a Miniature Low-Cost Hybrid Aerial Underwater Vehicle, and key words: Attitude control, Buoyancy, Underwater vehicles, Propulsion, Propellers, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Stability analysis. Abstract: The distinct design concepts of the vehicles operating in air and water is one of the tremendous challenges that constrain the development of the hybrid aerial underwater vehicle (HAUV). This incompatibility consequently results in the enlarging volume and weight of the existing prototypes, as well as the unmatched maneuvering characteristics in both domains. This letter presented a novel miniaturized and lightweight HAUV, “Nezha-mini,” which weighs 953 g and is only A4-scaled. Besides, the low cost and high modularity allow the convenient repair and remanufacturing. Nezha-mini reconciles the complete multi-domain maneuverability within 50 m aerially and 6 m underwater whilst sufficing for the rapid and stable cross-domain locomotion, which benefits from the selection and unique layout of the propulsion system, as well as our proposed multi-modal control strategy and the cross-domain triggering mechanism. The results of the field experiments are in good agreement with the dynamics simulation, demonstrating the performance of multi-domain locomotion in real environments. The preliminary exploration in this letter provides a referential solution for the miniaturization of the highly maneuverable HAUVs for practical applications and creates a feasible platform for the future clustering and networking of HAUVs. |
12,657 | Please write an abstract with title: A dynamic time warp VLSI processors for continuous speech recognition, and key words: Very large scale integration, Speech recognition, Application software, Process design, Algorithm design and analysis, Heuristic algorithms, Signal processing algorithms, Coprocessors, Microprocessors, Digital signal processors. Abstract: We present a VLSI processor designed to compute dynamic time warping algorithms for speech recognition with extreme rapidity. This processor works as a coprocessor in a classical system including a standard microprocessor and a digital signal processor. It uses its own local memory for reference utterances and intermediate results. It has been designed to give maximum efficiency on continuous speech recognition applications with or without syntax constraints. Its flexibility permits software optimisation and its use in a large number of different applications. We use a sequential approach for DTW computations and work along the time axis. All the calculations are carried out on each frame of the unknown utterance as soon as it arrives from the DSP and DTW computations therefore take place in real time. Response time is in hundredth of second; intermediate results are obtained before the end of the sentence. A system using this chip will be able to carry out continuous speech recognition in real timee on a vocabulary of 300 references. Many of those chips can be used in parallel on a single system. |
12,658 | Please write an abstract with title: An ultra-low power integrated T/R module for space-based radar technology, and key words: Spaceborne radar, Space technology, Indium phosphide, HEMTs, Low-noise amplifiers, Phase shifters, Energy consumption, Phase noise, Power amplifiers, Radiofrequency amplifiers. Abstract: The choice of InP HEMT technology is discussed for a highly efficient integrated T/R module. The module includes a receive path comprising of a low noise amplifier, phase shifter and amplifier consuming only 5 mW of DC power at X-band. The transmit path combines phase shifters and amplifiers to provide 10 mW of power per module at an efficiency of 50%. This is achieved by increasing the cut-off frequency of InP HEMT devices and sacrificing their gain for lower DC power consumption. This provides both DC and RF performance criteria for the space based radar antenna design requirements. Future T/R module technologies are also discussed, based on the antimonide based material system, which have already shown a factor of 3-4 reduction in DC power consumption compared to InP HEMT technology. |
12,659 | Please write an abstract with title: A framework for fully automatic moving video-object segmentation based on graph partitioning, and key words: Partitioning algorithms, Image segmentation, Testing, Pixel, Merging, Image motion analysis, Clustering algorithms, Computer vision, Tracking, Image edge detection. Abstract: This paper presents an automatic moving video-object segmentation algorithm based on graph partitioning. Initially, each frame is over-partitioned into color homogeneous regions based on the mean shift algorithm and edge detection. This is followed by a low-level morphological region merging step using the so-called flat zone approach to avoid some limitation caused by the watershed-plus-markers technique. Then each segmented frame is represented by a graph in which every region corresponds to one node, and one edge is defined for every neighbouring region of that particular node. Subsequently, a graph partitioning algorithm, namely normalized-cut, is performed on the constructed graph to further merge neighbouring regions. As the final step, the resulting regions are merged to form semantic video objects using the robust optical flow fields. In various parts of the process, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the generalized Lloyd algorithm (GLA) are used for clustering. Simulation results at the end of the paper illustrate that the proposed algorithm gives as accurate results as some of the semiautomatic methods introduced in the literature. |
12,660 | Please write an abstract with title: A Comparative Investigation of Single Stage and Two Stage Converters for BLDC Ceiling Fan, and key words: Reactive power, Fans, Technological innovation, Power supplies, Rectifiers, Hysteresis motors, DC-DC power converters. Abstract: This paper analyses the effectiveness of a controlled rectifier in driving a BLDC motor and compares its performance with various DC-DC converter based systems. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified for variable speed operation with different loads. The system employs a closed loop control involving speed and hysteresis current control of BLDC and PR control of the rectifier. Validation of the proposed system is done on MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. |
12,661 | Please write an abstract with title: Computer-Aided Diagnosing of Tumor Diseases Using CT Images, and key words: Measurement, Image segmentation, Technological innovation, Computed tomography, Neural networks, Mathematical models, Planning. Abstract: In the paper, we describe an algorithm for diagnosing tumor diseases using CT images. It is based on a modified U-Net neural network. We developed a post-processing block that makes a decision about the presence of a cancerous tumor in a given area and a classification block that is responsible for detecting the fact of the presence of a tumor. The segmentation accuracy according to the Dice metric was 89% and was 83 % in more complex cases. |
12,662 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling subthreshold leakage and thermal stability in a production life test environment, and key words: Subthreshold current, Thermal stability, Production, Life testing, Thermal resistance, Temperature, Semiconductor device manufacture, Costs, Ovens, Thermal management. Abstract: Increased subthreshold leakage, inherent with decreasing transistor dimensions, has proven to be a manufacturability challenge within many areas of the semiconductor industry. One such challenge is maintaining device thermal stability during the device testing process. By understanding the relationship between subthreshold leakage and device junction temperature, it is possible to determine the thermal characteristics of the device. The thermal characteristics can then be applied to establish optimum conditions for achieving device thermal stability in the most challenging environment of the test process, burn-in. The paper presents a cost and manufacturing resource conscious method for predicting device thermal stability based on device specific data that may be obtained in the existing production test environment. |
12,663 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of Deep Neural Networks for Lithium-Ion Battery Surface Temperature Estimation Under Driving and Fast Charge Conditions, and key words: Temperature measurement, Temperature sensors, Battery charge measurement, Recurrent neural networks, Battery management systems, Lithium-ion batteries, Machine learning, Neural networks. Abstract: The temperature of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a critical factor that significantly impacts the performance of the battery. One of the essential roles of the battery management system (BMS) is to monitor and control the temperature of the cells in the battery pack. In this article, two deep neural network (DNN) modeling approaches are used to predict the surface temperature of LIBs. The first model type is based on a feedforward neural network (FNN) enhanced with external filters, while the second model is based on a recurrent neural network (RNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM). These models are trained and tested using experimental data from two batteries, one cylindrical cell, and one pouch cell at a range of driving, fast charging, and health conditions. The proposed models are shown to be capable of estimating temperature with less than 2 °C root-mean-square error (RMSE) for challenging low ambient temperature drive cycles and just 0.3 °C for 4 C rate fast charging conditions. In addition, a model which was trained to estimate the temperature of a new battery cell was found to still have a very low error of just 0.8 °C when tested on an aged cell. Both models are deployed to an NXP S32K344 microprocessor to measure their execution time and memory use. The FNN executes significantly faster on the microprocessor than the LSTM, 0.8 ms compared with 2.5 ms for models with around 3000 learnable parameters, and uses less random access memory (RAM), 0.4 kB compared with 1 kB. |
12,664 | Please write an abstract with title: Reliability and Validity of a Virtual Reality-Based System for Evaluating Postural Stability, and key words: Force, Reliability, Foot, Area measurement, Virtual reality, Sensor systems. Abstract: Postural stability is an important indicator of balance and is commonly evaluated in neurorehabilitation. We proposed a system based on a virtual reality (HTC Vive) system with a tracker at the lumbar area. The position data of the tracker were obtained through detection of the sensors on the tracker by the VR system. The reliability and validity of these sway parameters to measure postural stability were evaluated. Twenty healthy adults had their postural sway measured with this system and a force platform system under four stance conditions, with wideor narrow-stance and eyes open or closed. The path data from both systems were computed to obtain the following parameters: the mean distance and the mean velocity in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions and the 95% confidence ellipse area. The reliability of the Vive-based sway measures was tested with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The convergent validity was tested against the center of pressure (COP) parameters from the force platform system. Finally, the discriminative validity was tested for the above four conditions. The results indicated that the Vive-based sway parameters had moderate to high reliability (ICCs: 0.56 ~ 0.90) across four conditions and correlated moderately to very highly with the COP parameters (r = 0.420 ~ 0.959). Bland-Altman plotting showed generally good agreement, with negative offset for the Vive-based sway parameters. The sway parameters obtained by the Vive-based system also discriminated well among the tasks. In conclusion, the results support this system as a simple and easy-to-use tool to evaluate postural stability with acceptable reliability and validity. |
12,665 | Please write an abstract with title: Supporting Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis based on Cell Classification over Microscopic Images, and key words: Deep learning, Pathology, Microscopy, Medical services, Pattern recognition, Lesions, Artificial intelligence. Abstract: The study of illness at the cellular level is known as cytology and is frequently used as a cancer screening technique. Thyroid cytology is a discipline of pathology that focuses on the diagnosis of thyroid disorders and lesions. When discussing thyroid gland tumor categorization, dissolving samples with and without “papillary thyroid carcinoma-like” nuclei is a process that takes a long time for a doctor, and the results depend on the doctor’s experience. Therefore, the research and application of artificial intelligence, in particular, methods of classifying cells based on microscopic images, are currently of great interest to assist doctors in the diagnostic process. In this paper, we develop a deep learning model named Inception-v3 for cancer cell classification to support the diagnostic process. |
12,666 | Please write an abstract with title: Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion with Sparse Online Gaussian Processes Adaptation for Partially Unknown Systems, and key words: Actuators, Adaptation models, Uncertainty, Filtering, System dynamics, Current measurement, Gaussian processes. Abstract: Sensor-based Incremental control is a recently developed family of techniques with a reduced dependency on a plant model. This approach uses measurements or estimates of current state derivatives and actuator states to linearize the dynamics with respect to the previous time moment. However, in such a formulation, the control system is sensitive to the quality of measurements or estimations. The presence of uncertainties caused by unforeseen malfunctions in measurement and/or actuation systems could provoke drastic performance degradation. The paper proposes a sensor-based Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI) control algorithm augmented with Budgeted Sparse Online Gaussian Processes Adaptation for the compensation of unknown system behaviour. INDI performs quite efficiently under design conditions. Meanwhile, GP-based direct adaptation provides not only long-term dependency learning but also noise signal filtering. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated with a longitudinal motion of a missile. |
12,667 | Please write an abstract with title: Direct observation of a stripe chopping process in garnet films, and key words: Garnet films, Magnetic films, Saturation magnetization, Magnetic domains, Timing, Anisotropic magnetoresistance, Magnetic anisotropy, Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, Delay effects, Fading. Abstract: In this article, the formation process of the anomalous bubbles is studied using a time resolved Faraday observation system for a single chopping pulse. |
12,668 | Please write an abstract with title: Workshop - designing and implementing an evaluation plan for curricular and pedagogical development projects, and key words: Engineering education. Abstract: The session is intended to enable engineering faculty members to plan and complete an evaluation of a curricular or pedagogical development project and to enhance their ability to write a convincing evaluation plan in educational development proposals |
12,669 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of advanced SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors at high power densities, and key words: Silicon germanium, Germanium silicon alloys, Heterojunction bipolar transistors, Current density, Voltage, Impact ionization, Temperature, Fingers, Power generation, Integrated circuit modeling. Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the behavior of advanced SiGe HBTs operating at very high power densities. Measurement results are presented and explained using a model that considers both impact ionization and self-heating. It is shown that even for small transistors, the temperature difference between the center and the ends of the emitter finger causes a significantly more nonuniform current density than expected solely from impact ionization. This requires special attention because the high temperatures that result from very large current densities can degrade the device lifetime. |
12,670 | Please write an abstract with title: Throughput of MC-CDMA multi-cell wireless networks using interference-based sub-carrier group assignment, and key words: Throughput, Multicarrier code division multiple access, Wireless networks, Interference, Multiaccess communication, OFDM, Resource management, Fading, Displays, Linear programming. Abstract: Two interference-based sub-carrier group assignment strategies in dynamic resource allocation are proposed for MC-CDMA wireless systems to achieve high throughput in a multi-cell environment. Least interfered group assignment (LIGA) selects for each session the sub-carrier group on which the user receives the minimum interference, while best channel ratio group assignment (BCRGA) chooses the sub-carrier group with the largest channel response-to-interference ratio. Both analytical framework and simulation model are developed for evaluation of throughput distribution of the proposed LIGA and BCRGA schemes. An iterative approach is devised to handle the complex interdependency between multi-cell interference profiles in the throughput analysis. Illustrative results show significant throughput improvement offered by the proposed interference-based assignment schemes for MC-CDMA multi-cell wireless systems. In particular, under low loading conditions, LIGA renders the best performance. However, as the load increases BCRGA tends to offer superior performance. |
12,671 | Please write an abstract with title: High-power picosecond pulse generation in GaAs multiquantum well phase-locked laser arrays using pulsed current injection, and key words: Phased arrays, Pulse generation, Gallium arsenide, Semiconductor laser arrays, Optical arrays, Optical pulse generation, Space vector pulse width modulation, Optical pulse shaping, Laser theory, DC generators. Abstract: Gaussian shaped picosecond pulses as short as 62 ps have been obtained from an array of 10 phase-coupled multiquantum well GaAs lasers. Combined dc and 75 ps long current pulses from a comb generator were used. Single pulses were obtained with an average power of 50 mW at a 960 MHz repetition rate which corresponds to a peak power of 0.8 W. These pulse widths are in good agreement with a theory of pulse formation based on the carrier and photon density equations with the gain expanded in a power series in time to yield Gaussian pulses. |
12,672 | Please write an abstract with title: Continuous Rationale Visualization, and key words: Codes, Data visualization, Tools, Data structures, Software, Software engineering. Abstract: Continuous software engineering (CSE) is characterized by frequent changes. It is challenging for developers to change software while sustaining its high quality so that the software is always deployable to the users. Rationale management provides an opportunity to support the change process during CSE. However, rationale management is not well integrated into CSE. Even if the rationale is captured, e. g. in the issue tracking system, it is difficult to access in the context of requirements, code, and other software artifacts. In this paper, we present tool support called ConDec to make rationale explicit during CSE and to integrate rationale into a knowledge graph data structure consisting of requirements, code, and other software artifacts. The knowledge graph is visualized in various ways and the developers can access the knowledge views from software artifacts such as requirements and code. They can interact with and filter the knowledge views. In particular, they can use transitive links, for example, to access all the decisions made in the context of a particular requirement or code file. We demonstrate the usefulness of the knowledge views using a case study project. |
12,673 | Please write an abstract with title: Image Enhancement for Improved Visibility of Digital Displays Under The Sunlight, and key words: Degradation, Deep learning, Visualization, Art, Lighting, Personal digital devices, Software. Abstract: Under the sunlight, images displayed on a digital device are generally perceived to be darker than the original, which leads to a decrease in visibility. So, global luminance compensation or tone mapping adaptive to ambient lighting is required. However, global luminance compensation schemes usually have limitations in chrominance compensation as well as local contrast enhancement. This paper proposes a piece-wise linear curve (PLEC)-based image enhancement to enhance both luminance and chrominance. PLECs are regressed through deep learning. In addition, we present a local contrast enhancement scheme for further visibility improvement. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms a prior art in terms of subjective/objective visual quality, with significant run-time reduction. |
12,674 | Please write an abstract with title: Revitalizing an online community, and key words: Information systems, Engineering profession, Uniform resource locators. Abstract: It was established early on in this study that a Language, Literacy and Culture Program (LLC) site is needed to keep the community connected. A community-centered design was considered, and implemented in the fall of 1999. The current study was implemented to assess why the site failed and what could be done to revive it. The findings of the current study indicated that the community did not develop as expected despite the team's effort to follow a community-centered approach. In this paper we consider the reasons for the site's failure, and what could be done to revitalize the community. Through surveys, and interviews it was determined that the community needed more active participation from the moderator and faculty. They also required a more interactive and better developed design, and special care should be taken to train the members who need it on the use of technology involved. |
12,675 | Please write an abstract with title: Error-resilient video coding using motion compensated temporal filtering and embedded multiple description scalar quantizers, and key words: Video coding, Filtering, Robustness, Real time systems, Video compression, Channel capacity, Source coding, Quantization, Resilience, Propagation losses. Abstract: Real time delivery of video over best-effort networks requires compression systems that dynamically adapt the rate to the available channel capacity and exhibit robustness to data loss as retransmission is often impractical. Error-resilience, however, significantly lowers the coding performance when rigid design is performed based on a worst-case scenario. This paper presents an original scalable video coding scheme that couples the compression efficiency of the open-loop architecture with the robustness of multiple description source coding. The use of embedded multiple description quantization and a novel channel-aware rate-allocation allow for shaping on-the-fly the output bit-rate and the degree of resilience. As a result, robustness to data losses is traded for better visual quality when transmission occurs over reliable channels, while error-resilience is introduced when noisy links are involved. The advantage of our proposal is demonstrated in the context of packet-lossy networks. |
12,676 | Please write an abstract with title: Sustainable Supply Chain for Automotive Industry, and key words: Industries, Gases, Supply chains, Green products, Stakeholders, Sustainable development, Automotive engineering. Abstract: The general conception is that Green House Gases reduction is the only aspect of Sustainability. But the article focuses on sustainable ambitions that comprehensively cover three areas: Environment, Material, and Humankind. For a depth understanding of these three areas with detailed examples, the automotive industry has been selected. Though the article revolves around only one specific industry, the approach can be replicated to the supply chain of any industry with some modifications based on the value chain of that particular industry. This article aims to develop a transport solution cleaner, safer and circular, together with the supply chain partners and stakeholders. This article includes the research and methodologies that have been followed to date for these three areas but in silos. Later on, the article shows how these three areas can be integrated and can be the way toward a sustainable supply chain and how the gap among these goals can be filled. |
12,677 | Please write an abstract with title: Delayed Ring-Opening in 1,3-Cyclohexadiene upon Photoexcitation to a Higher State Probed by Time-Resolved Soft X-Ray Absorption, and key words: Potential energy, Absorption, Stationary state, Europe, Ultrafast electronics. Abstract: Photo-stimulated ring-opening reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) to 1,3,5-hexatriene (HT) is a pericyclic reaction and its dynamics has been investigated by various spectroscopic techniques and by theoretical approaches. Upon excitation to the 1B state, the molecular structure is distorted, and the electronic state is changed into the 2A state, of which potential energy surface has a conical intersection with that of the 1A ground state of CHD. At the conical intersection, the electronic state bifurcates toward CHD and the ring-opened HT. HT is formed on the order of a few hundred femtoseconds. [1] |
12,678 | Please write an abstract with title: QoS routing for anycast communications: motivation and an architecture for DiffServ networks, and key words: Routing, Network servers, Quality of service, Web server, Unicast, Scalability, Asynchronous transfer mode, Signal design, Algorithm design and analysis, Protocols. Abstract: Much research in QoS routing has focused on the unicast communication paradigm. However, another communication paradigm - anycasting - has grown in importance. In the anycast paradigm, one endpoint is specified and the other is selected from a set of "equivalent" endpoints. An anycast service in a QoS-based network requires selection of both an endpoint and a path that satisfies a QoS constraint. This article provides background material on anycasting in both best-effort networks and QoS-based networks. We then focus on the differentiated services QoS model, and present the design of a QoS-based anycasting architecture consistent with that model. Via simulations, we explore the design options implied by the architecture, including signaling protocols, server selection/sorting algorithms, and resource reservation granularity. We conclude by highlighting open problems in the emerging area of QoS-based anycasting. |
12,679 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of Shaped Log-Periodic Antennas, and key words: Geometry, Antennas, Dipole antennas, Optimization, Wires, Bandwidth, Gain. Abstract: Wire antennas have been widely used in the past in TV communication systems, and more recently have experienced a recrudescence in their popularity and R& D interest with the digitalization of television signals. Dipoles, Yagis and Log-Periodics are common examples of wire antennas and possess ideal lengths and geometries accordingly to the desired TV channels. In this work, a new shape for a Log-Periodic antenna is numerically obtained through angular optimization with the aid of computer codes. The new geometry yields a better response in a desired frequency bandwidth, when compared to the classical straight or V-shaped geometries. |
12,680 | Please write an abstract with title: A new marine data model, and key words: Data models, Sea measurements, Oceans, Performance analysis, Software standards, Standards development, Geographic Information Systems, Writing, Production, Assembly. Abstract: Summary form only given. The ArcGIS Marine Data Model represents a new approach to spatial modeling improved integration of many important features of the ocean realm, both natural and manmade. The goal is to provide more accurate representations of location and spatial extent, along with a means for conducting more complex spatial analyses of marine and coastal data by capturing the behavior of real-world objects in a geodatabase. The model also considers how marine and coastal data might be more effectively integrated in 3-D space and time. Although currently limited to 2.5-D, the model includes "placeholders" meant to represent the fluidity of ocean data and processes. |
12,681 | Please write an abstract with title: Smart counting of unboxed stocks in the Warehouse 4.0 ecosystem, and key words: Supply chains, Semantics, Neural networks, Lighting, Computer architecture, Recording, Proposals. Abstract: The explosion of logistics is consolidating a positive impact on modern society by offering a critical contribution to its economic development. Traditional inventory methods tend to be transformed based on the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology. In particular, changing the way inventories are recorded, through the evolution of ma-chine learning methods in contemporary logistics, improves industrial efficiency, reduces costs and promotes the long-term development of businesses. The introduction of systems banking on artificial intelligence allows for smarter and more efficient methods than the traditional warehouse inventory counting. This paper presents a new approach (content and architecture) being included in semantic logistics technologies for specific warehouses or distribution centres that stores a wide range of general or specialized machines. Warehouse staff should utilise a smart device to grab images of the stored items on the pallet racks. The images are automatically processed and associated with the database such that the inventory items are recognized and counted, resulting in achieving the goals of proper inventory counting and evaluating stored entries' existence. The proposed inventory counting system is expected to enhance physical inventory recording, thus contributing to the efficiency of the entire supply chain and collaborating with other components of Warehouse 4.0. |
12,682 | Please write an abstract with title: From Cloud-Native to 5G-Ready Vertical Applications: An Industry 4.0 Use Case, and key words: Knowledge engineering, 5G mobile communication, Network slicing, Conferences, Switches, Routing, Telecommunications. Abstract: This paper aims to showcase the ability of the MATILDA Platform to enable vertical applications fully utilizing the capabilities offered by the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G). Although 5G, powered by network slicing and edge computing, promises to flexibly support radically new and extremely heterogeneous vertical applications, vertical stakeholders generally lack both the skills to exploit the full potentials of 5G networks and the vision of the underlying resources, owned by Telecom providers that are reluctant to expose them in an unmediated way. The MATILDA platform bridges the gap between the vertical application and the network service domains. This paper presents the case of an Industry 4.0 application, and highlights the role played by the MATILDA solution in its successful deployment and orchestration. |
12,683 | Please write an abstract with title: Synergy of the electric power and gas transmission system regulation in the Republic of Croatia, and key words: REGULATION SYNERGY, ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM, GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, BALANCING ENERGY, TERTIARY CONTROL. Abstract: This paper analyses the possibilities of simultaneous regulation of the electric power and the gas transmission system in the Republic of Croatia. A brief description of the current legal framework in the Republic of Croatia, which regulates balancing both of the systems, is carried out. There are mentioned two variants in which there is a possible regulation synergy both of the systems. Electricity and gas market prices, as well as the prices of the balancing energy in both of the systems, over a period of 18 months, are compared. In the example of the different schedule of the CCGT plant Sisak, there is shown a calculation of potential additional revenues from participation in the regulation synergy both of the systems. |
12,684 | Please write an abstract with title: An ACK-based polling strategy for the IEEE 802.11 wireless networks, and key words: Wireless networks, Bandwidth, Media Access Protocol, Access protocols, Wireless LAN, Multiaccess communication, Wireless sensor networks, Telecommunication traffic, Electronic mail, Data communication. Abstract: In IEEE 802.11 infrastructure wireless local area networks (IWLANs), most of data frames are transmitted between access point (AP) and wireless stations (STAs). The data transmission in IWLAN is inefficiency since the excessive overhead generated from frequent handshakes between AP and STAs and contentions among STAs. For minimizing the bandwidth wastage, in this paper, we propose a new ACK-based polling strategy to efficiently coordinate and arbitrate the sequence of transmissions among STAs. The proposed strategy alters the consecutive handshake sequence between sender and receiver defined in IEEE 802.11 medium access control (MAC) protocol to minimize the handshaking overhead and to reduce or even eliminate the potential collisions in transmissions. Different from standard handshakes, the recipient of data frame postpones sending acknowledgement (ACK) control frame to schedule the timing of the next transmission from sender. The ACK frame is sent from receiver via standard contention protocol and the sender waits the ACK frame for the authorization to send the next data frame. The simulations and analytical results demonstrate that the proposed ACK-based contention strategy is able to improve the transmission efficiency by simply reducing the overheads of handshakes and collisions in the wireless networks. |
12,685 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Direct Torque Control Topology of a Double Stator Machine Using the Fuzzy Logic Controller, and key words: Stator windings, Torque control, Torque, Inverters, Electric vehicles, Rotors, Wind speed. Abstract: In this paper, a dual stator induction machine is studied. This nonlinear system is built on the Matlab/Simulink tool to test the efficiency of the direct torque control loop for controlling this complicated system. It makes the speed and torque tracking more comfortable. On the other side, it is mandatory to assure the independence of the electrical alimentation of the dual stator. All these goals are guaranteed with this direct torque control technique. The conventional direct torque control loop is based on the switches' controllers. This method makes many fluctuations in the speed performances, the flux evolution, and the electromagnet torque progress. The conventional direct torque control drawbacks are resolved by improving this control loop using the fuzzy control topology. Then, an improved direct torque control loop using the intelligent controllers is presented to control the torque and speed of a dual stator induction machine and supervise the two stator fluxes and currents. Matlab/Simulink tool was used for implanting this innovation and showing the behavior of the results. |
12,686 | Please write an abstract with title: Characteristics of nano-scale composites by THz spectroscopy, and key words: Spectroscopy, Dielectric constant, Nonlinear optics, Optical films, Optical pumping, Probes, Nanotubes, Infrared spectra, Optical materials, Semiconductor materials. Abstract: We have conducted visible pump-THz probe experiments on single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) deposited on quartz substrates. Our results suggest that the nanotubes exhibit localized transport due to Lorentz-type photo-induced localized states. |
12,687 | Please write an abstract with title: Knowledge Network Robustness: A New Perspective on the Appropriation of Knowledge From Patents, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Technological innovation, Patents, Robustness, Network theory (graphs), Knowledge based systems, Technology forecasting. Abstract: This article sets out to investigate the relationship between the knowledge spillovers and the potential for high-value inventions to emerge. We study knowledge spillovers through the lens of knowledge networks: a web of interrelated knowledge elements with structural patterns. Knowledge spillovers influence the productivity of a technology sector and hence their pattern should impact the pathways for knowledge appropriation in the sector. It is hypothesized that a robust knowledge network is associated with knowledge appropriation leading to valuable inventions. We test the hypothesis using patent citation network of 1821 patents from 78 inventions belonging to two different technological sectors. Based upon the findings, we suggest network robustness as a new metric for determining the technical value of inventions. |
12,688 | Please write an abstract with title: Extracting trees from trained SVM models using a TREPAN based approach, and key words: Support vector machines, Support vector machine classification, Data mining, Artificial neural networks, Power system modeling, Decision trees, Hybrid intelligent systems, Testing, Neural networks, Face detection. Abstract: This paper describes the application of a hybrid intelligent system (HIS) to extract decision trees from a trained support vector machine (SVM) model based on the TREPAN algorithm. TREPAN, a well-known technique developed originally to extract linguistic rules from a trained artificial neural network, is modified to cope with SVM models. The proposed approach is tested on five data sets with excellent performance results. |
12,689 | Please write an abstract with title: ID-Based Outsourced Plaintext Checkable Encryption in Healthcare Database, and key words: Medical services, Encryption, Public key, Databases, Servers. Abstract: A cryptographic primitive suggested by Carnard et al. in 2012 ensures that on input a plaintext, ciphertext with corresponding public key, it is possible to check if a ciphertext is encryption of a target plaintext with a corresponding public key. This tool enables public plaintext query on ciphertext. We introduce ID-based plaintext checkable encryption (ID-PCE) in outsourced healthcare database. ID-PCE uses receiver's ID as the public key to curtail problems associated with key certificate management in public key encryption. We adopts identity-based cryptography and it achieves a weak-IND-ID-CCA (W-IND-IDCCA). Finally, proof the security of our scheme using random oracle model. |
12,690 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Through One Shot: A Phase by Phase Approach for COVID-19 Chest X-ray Classification, and key words: COVID-19, Training, Infectious diseases, Lung, X-rays, Entropy, Testing. Abstract: Today globally, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected over more than 81 million people and killed at least 1771K. This is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. As a result, scientists and researchers around the globe are now trying to find out the path to battle this disease in the most effective way. Chest X-rays are a widely available modality for immediate care in diagnosing COVID-19. Detection and diagnosis of COVID-19 chest X-rays would be more precise for the current situation. In this paper, a phase by phase approach using the concept of one shot learning is introduced for effective classification of chest X-ray images. The proposed method utilizes the application of Entropy for selecting best describing images for effective learning purposes. The proposed model is evaluated on a publically available large dataset of size 24614 images comprising of three classes viz COVID-19, Normal and Non-COVID. The obtained results are promising and encouraging. |
12,691 | Please write an abstract with title: Napping Guard: Deanonymizing Tor Hidden Service in a Stealthy Way, and key words: Privacy, Conferences, IP networks, Reliability, Security, Relays. Abstract: In this paper, we propose the Napping Guard attack which can deanonymize hidden services in a stealthy way. The key insight of our method is utilizing a design flaw of hidden service's requests to build a simplex covert channel, which can send message from a malicious guard relay to the collusive Client-OP. With the help of this covert channel, the guard relay delivers the actual IP address of the hidden service to the collusive Client-OP. Considering the Client-OP knows the onion address of hidden service, the adversary is able to deanonymize the hidden service through correlating the actual IP address and onion address on Client-OP. In particular, compared with previous attacks, our covert channel utilizes latency signal instead of traffic signal, and eliminates the dependency of malicious Rend-Point, so as to achieve a better concealment and lower cost. Our experiment shows that the covert channel is reliable that has the precision and recall about 99.35% and 99.19%. In addition, we also propose a mitigation of Napping Guard attack, and report the design flaw to the Tor project. |
12,692 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimized Entropy Based Image Segmentation, and key words: Measurement, Image segmentation, Histograms, Adaptation models, Thresholding (Imaging), Lightning, Entropy. Abstract: Segmentation performs a very important role in image processing and computer vision. The automatic thresholding methods are very popular because of their ease of implementation. Depending upon the nature of histogram, thresholding can be used to divide an image into many classes. The decision of threshold value is slightly difficult and has to be done keeping in view the maximization of certain metric. Here in this paper, we have used two entropies, namely Tsallis entropy and Renyi’s entropy and we have combined them linearly and maximized this entropic function using genetic algorithm. We have applied this computation over certain number of sub windows in the image. We have seen that this method is useful for segmenting images taken in low light conditions. We have compared our proposal against some standard methods and found out that it performs better both qualitatively and quantitatively. |
12,693 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling and High-Definition Control of a Smart Electroadhesive Actuator: Toward Application in Rehabilitation, and key words: Smart devices, Human-robot interaction, Robust control, Robot kinematics, Actuators, Friction. Abstract: Smart actuators with tunable dynamical characteristics have shown significant potential to improve the performance of physical human-robot interaction systems, such as exoskeletons. In this regard, electroadhesive clutches, which function based on a controllable dry kinetic friction between the discs, have attracted a great deal of interest for semi-passive actuation that has a high force-to-weight ratio and low power consumption. However, the complex dynamical behavior of such an actuator has limited the potential application in dynamic tasks. This paper, for the first time, presents a robust nonlinear control law for torque-adjustable rotary electroadhesive clutches in order to guarantee smooth, agile, and stable behavior in the presence of significant unmodeled dynamics. For this, a nonlinear Lyapunov-redesign approach is proposed based on a partially-identified model, which can guarantee convergence and robustness to unmodeled dynamics. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated through a comprehensive set of experiments, including active-resistive and coordination-assisted rehabilitation using an elbow exoskeleton designed based on the rotary electroadhesive clutch. The proposed approach shows potential for application in dynamic scenarios such as those involving assistive and wearable robots. |
12,694 | Please write an abstract with title: Autofocus Methods for Moving Target Imaging in Synthetic Aperture Radar, and key words: Focusing, Synthetic aperture radar, Radar imaging, Radar polarimetry, Entropy, Object detection, Clutter. Abstract: To use moving target signatures in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for classification and identification, it is desirable to obtain a well-focused image from the blurred moving target signature. While a substantial amount of research has been done on solving the constant chirp rate defocusing of a moving target, this often leaves significant blurring in the moving target signature of a real target. This work aims at improving previous work on autofocus, specifically considering higher order motion terms, including those due to range walk and small rotations. Additionally, we aim to reduce the reliance on bright well-separated point scatterers. We apply SAR autofocus methods normally used for full imagery to moving targets: minimum entropy and phased gradient autofocus, and include recent innovations that allow these methods to handle range walk. Finally, we add a novel range-varying autofocus stage. We use SAR imagery of a truthed moving pickup truck collected with the MIT Airborne Radar Testbed (ARTB) to compare autofocus algorithms. |
12,695 | Please write an abstract with title: Linewidth Sharpening in Optical Frequency Combs via a Gain Switched Semiconductor Laser With External Optical Feedback, and key words: Semiconductor lasers, Optical pulses, Optical switches, Mathematical model, Laser feedback, Optical feedback, Photonics. Abstract: In this article, we propose a novel scheme for an optical frequency comb (OFC) generator which implements a gain switched (GS) semiconductor laser (SL) in the presence of external optical feedback (EOF). Numerical results demonstrate that with appropriate choices of the basic system parameters (i.e., the feedback coupling fraction, the laser bias current and the external cavity length), the linewidths in the OFCs generated by the GS SL with EOF can be significantly reduced below that of the free running continuous wave (CW) SL. Such a significant linewidth reduction can be described by a simple analytic expression presented in this article which is found to be in good agreement with the numerical results. |
12,696 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-scale Recalibration with Advanced Geometry Constraints for 3D Human Pose Estimation, and key words: Geometry, Three-dimensional displays, Pose estimation, Two dimensional displays, Robustness, Task analysis, Videos. Abstract: Estimating 3D human poses from a single RGB image is a challenging task in computer vision due to depth ambiguity and lack of unconstrained 3D datasets. Poor exploiting of image cues will lead to inaccurate pose predictions. Previous works try to constrain illegal spatial relations and exploit 2D annotations of in-the-wild images as weak labels. In this paper, we propose to use multi-scale recalibration with stronger geometry constraints to regress 3D pose. The overall network is end-to-end which consists of a 2D pose estimation sub-network and a depth regression subnetwork. Firstly, by adding the residual multi-scale recalibration module to the depth regression sub-network, our approach works better on exploiting the structural information of human poses. Secondly, the advanced geometry constraints are introduced to restrict the human pose from the bone length and joint angle orientation, which shows a better result. Experimental results on the Human3.6m and in-the-wild MPII datasets show the effectiveness and robustness of our method. |
12,697 | Please write an abstract with title: Thermal Boundary Analysis for High-Power-Density GaN-Based Chargers, and key words: Thermal management of electronics, Power system measurements, Density measurement, Thermal conductivity, Market research, Thermal analysis, Standards. Abstract: GaN-based AC/DC chargers for consumer electronics are becoming the standard. Their popularity is due to a 50% reduction in size and weight. Accompanying the reduction in size comes a design challenge regarding thermal management. With the growing demands for smaller electronics, it is essential to minimize losses to overcome the thermal challenges. Due to low on-resistance Rds(on) and fast switching speed, GaN enhancement-mode high electron mobility transistors (e-HEMTs) are the optimal solutions for high power density. They maintain high efficiency in various applications, including consumer electronics. This paper studies state-of-the-art power density trends and investigates thermal boundary analysis for achieving high power density. In addition, a multi-objective optimization procedure is briefly explained to meet high power density and high efficiency. The capability of GaN e-HEMTs to alleviate thermal boundaries is verified through simulations and experiments. Thermal simulations are conducted using ANSYS ICEPAK 2021 R1. |
12,698 | Please write an abstract with title: The insulated cylindrical antenna in a cold plasma with a longitudinal magnetic field, and key words: Magnetic fields, Plasma waves, Plasma sources, Impedance, Current distribution, Plasma density, Dielectrics and electrical insulation, Microwave antennas, Transmitting antennas, Antenna theory. Abstract: The tangential electric field excited on the conducting surface of a transmitting antenna is calculated by modifying a variational impedance formulation. For an antenna in a magnetoionic medium, the boundary condition requiring that the tangential electric field vanish on the surface is satisfied to approximately the same degree as for dielectric coated antennas, where the variational solution can be verified by comparisons with experimental and other theoretical studies. |
12,699 | Please write an abstract with title: Kerr Frequency Comb Generation in Microsphere Resonators With Normal Dispersion, and key words: Dispersion, Microcavities, Optical solitons, Optical scattering, Optical interferometry, Optical pumping, Optical device fabrication. Abstract: In this work, we carry out theoretical investigation of the dispersion relationship both with the radius of the microsphere cavity and wavelength for the first two radial-order mode based on the theory of microcavity dispersion. The results show that the size of the microcavity corresponding to the zero dispersion point of the higher order mode is larger than that of lower order mode at the certain wavelength. The microsphere cavities with slight deformations, which have rich modes and high Q values, have been fabricated and optical frequency comb (OFC) in them with small size is realized by means of mode coupling. We have achieved OFC in cavities as small as 105 μm in diameter by assistance of the theoretical study. The total dispersions are −7.1 MHz in 1550 nm and −14.2 MHz in 1310 nm, which are both in the normal dispersion region. |
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