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bakelite ( ), formally polyoxybenzylmethyleneglycolanhydride, is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. the first plastic made from synthetic components, it was developed by leo baekeland in yonkers, new york in 1907, and patented on december 7, 1909 ... |
a bean is the seed of several plants in the family fabaceae, which are used as vegetables for human or animal food. they can be cooked in many different ways, including boiling, frying, and baking, and are used in many traditional dishes throughout the world. terminology the word "bean" and its germanic cognates (e.g. ... |
the breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of a primate's torso. both females and males develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. in females, it serves as the mammary gland, which produces and secretes milk to feed infants. subcutaneous fat covers and envelops a network of ducts... |
baghdad (; ) is the capital of iraq and the second-largest city in the arab world after cairo. it is located on the tigris river. in 762 ad, baghdad was chosen as the capital of the abbasid caliphate, and became its most notable major development project. within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultura... |
biology – the natural science that studies life. areas of focus include structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. history of biology history of anatomy history of biochemistry history of biotechnology history of ecology history of genetics history of evolutionary thought: the eclipse o... |
the british thermal unit (btu or btu) is a measure of heat, which is a form of energy. it was originally defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree fahrenheit. it is also part of the united states customary units. the si unit for energy is the joule (j); one btu ... |
automobiles ettore bugatti was a german then french manufacturer of high-performance automobiles. the company was founded in 1909 in the then-german city of molsheim, alsace, by the italian-born industrial designer ettore bugatti. the cars were known for their design beauty and their many race victories. famous bugatti... |
benchmark may refer to: business and economics benchmarking, evaluating performance within organizations benchmark price benchmark (crude oil), oil-specific practices science and technology benchmark (surveying), a point of known elevation marked for the purpose of surveying benchmarking (geolocating), an activity invo... |
band or band may refer to: places bánd, a village in hungary band, iran, a village in urmia county, west azerbaijan province, iran band, mureș, a commune in romania band-e majid khan, a village in bukan county, west azerbaijan province, iran people band (surname), various people with the surname arts, entertainment, an... |
the black death (also known as the pestilence, the great mortality or the plague) was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in western eurasia and north africa from 1346 to 1353. it is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, causing the deaths of people, peaking in europe from 1347 to 1351. bubonic plague is c... |
biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. the term biotechnology was first used by károly ereky in 1919, to refer to the p... |
the battle of poitiers was fought on 19september 1356 between a french army commanded by king johnii and an anglo-gascon force under edward, the black prince, during the hundred years' war. it took place in western france, south of poitiers, when approximately 14,000 to 16,000 french attacked a strong defensive positio... |
the backbone cabal was an informal organization of large-site news server administrators of the worldwide distributed newsgroup-based discussion system usenet. it existed from about 1983 at least into the 2000s. the cabal was created in an effort to facilitate reliable propagation of new usenet posts. while in the 1970... |
the bongo (tragelaphus eurycerus) is a large, mostly nocturnal, forest-dwelling antelope, native to sub-saharan africa. bongos are characterised by a striking reddish-brown coat, black and white markings, white-yellow stripes and long slightly spiralled horns. it is the only tragelaphid in which both sexes have horns. ... |
the bunyip is a creature from the aboriginal mythology of southeastern australia, said to lurk in swamps, billabongs, creeks, riverbeds, and waterholes. name the origin of the word bunyip has been traced to the wemba-wemba or wergaia language of the aboriginal people of victoria, in south-eastern australia. the word bu... |
brabant is a traditional geographical region (or regions) in the low countries of europe. it may refer to: place names in europe belgium province of brabant, which in 1995 was split up into two provinces and an autonomous region: flemish brabant, in the flanders region walloon brabant, in the wallonia region brussels-c... |
boone is a town in and the county seat of watauga county, north carolina, united states. located in the blue ridge mountains of western north carolina, boone is the home of appalachian state university and the headquarters for the disaster and medical relief organization samaritan's purse. the population was 19,092 at ... |
a banshee ( ; modern irish , from , "woman of the fairy mound" or "fairy woman") is a female spirit in irish folklore who heralds the death of a family member, usually by screaming, wailing, shrieking, or keening. her name is connected to the mythologically important tumuli or "mounds" that dot the irish countryside, w... |
genetically modified maize (corn) is a genetically modified crop. specific maize strains have been genetically engineered to express agriculturally-desirable traits, including resistance to pests and to herbicides. maize strains with both traits are now in use in multiple countries. gm maize has also caused controversy... |
body substance isolation is a practice of isolating all body substances (blood, urine, feces, tears, etc.) of individuals undergoing medical treatment, particularly emergency medical treatment of those who might be infected with illnesses such as hiv, or hepatitis so as to reduce as much as possible the chances of tran... |
boudica or boudicca (, from brythonic *boudi 'victory, win' + *-kā 'having' suffix, i.e. 'victorious woman', known in latin chronicles as boadicea or boudicea, and in welsh as ()) was a queen of the ancient british iceni tribe, who led a failed uprising against the conquering forces of the roman empire in ad 60 or 61. ... |
borneo (; also known as kalimantan in the indonesian language) is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of . situated at the geographic centre of maritime southeast asia, it is one of the greater sunda islands, located north of java, west of sulawesi, and east of sumatra. the island is politically divided... |
a ballpoint pen, also known as a biro (british english), ball pen (hong kong, indian and philippine english), or dot pen (nepali english), is a pen that dispenses ink (usually in paste form) over a metal ball at its point, i.e. over a "ball point". the metal commonly used is steel, brass, or tungsten carbide. the desig... |
the burroughs corporation was a major american manufacturer of business equipment. the company was founded in 1886 as the american arithmometer company. in 1986, it merged with sperry univac to form unisys. the company's history paralleled many of the major developments in computing. at its start, it produced mechanica... |
a brick is a type of construction material used to build walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction. properly, the term brick denotes a unit primarily composed of clay, but is now also used informally to denote units made of other materials or other chemically cured construction blocks. bricks can be j... |
béla viktor jános bartók (; ; 25 march 1881 – 26 september 1945) was a hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist. he is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century; he and franz liszt are regarded as hungary's greatest composers. through his collection and analytical study of folk music,... |
william john clifton haley (; july 6, 1925 – february 9, 1981) was an american rock and roll musician. he is credited by many with first popularizing this form of music in the early 1950s with his group bill haley & his comets and million-selling hits such as "rock around the clock", "see you later, alligator", "shake,... |
the northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus), also known as the virginia quail or (in its home range) bobwhite quail, is a ground-dwelling bird native to canada, the united states, mexico, and cuba, with introduced populations elsewhere in the caribbean, europe, and asia. it is a member of the group of species known as ... |
bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood that each last from days to weeks. if the elevated mood is severe or associated with psychosis, it is called mania; if it is less severe, it is called hypomania. du... |
blitz, german for "lightning", may refer to: military uses blitzkrieg, blitz campaign, or blitz, a type of military campaign the blitz, the german aerial campaign against britain in the second world war , an imperial german navy light cruiser built in 1882 computing blitz (software), a cloud-based load-and performance-... |
burton stephen lancaster (november 2, 1913 – october 20, 1994) was an american actor and producer. initially known for playing tough guys with a tender heart, he went on to achieve success with more complex and challenging roles over a 45-year career in films and television series. he was a four-time nominee for the ac... |
the balts or baltic peoples (, ) are an ethno-linguistic group of peoples who speak the baltic languages of the balto-slavic branch of the indo-european languages. one of the features of baltic languages is the number of conservative or archaic features retained. among the baltic peoples are modern-day lithuanians and ... |
burnt-in timecode (often abbreviated to bitc by analogy to vitc) is a human-readable on-screen version of the timecode information for a piece of material superimposed on a video image. bitc is sometimes used in conjunction with "real" machine-readable timecode, but more often used in copies of original material on to ... |
bra–ket notation, also called dirac notation, is a notation for linear algebra and linear operators on complex vector spaces together with their dual space both in the finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional case. it is specifically designed to ease the types of calculations that frequently come up in quantum mecha... |
blue is one of the three primary colours in the ryb colour model (traditional colour theory), as well as in the rgb (additive) colour model. it lies between violet and cyan on the spectrum of visible light. the term blue generally describes colors perceived by humans observing light with a dominant wavelength between a... |
blind willie mctell (born william samuel mctier; may 5, 1898 – august 19, 1959) was a piedmont blues and ragtime singer and guitarist. he played with a fluid, syncopated fingerstyle guitar technique, common among many exponents of piedmont blues. unlike his contemporaries, he came to use twelve-string guitars exclusive... |
bdsm is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics. given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves to be practising bdsm, inclusion in the... |
bash is a unix shell and command language written by brian fox for the gnu project as a free software replacement for the bourne shell. first released in 1989, it has been used as the default login shell for most linux distributions. bash was one of the first programs linus torvalds ported to linux, alongside gcc. a ve... |
a blizzard is a severe snowstorm characterized by strong sustained winds and low visibility, lasting for a prolonged period of time—typically at least three or four hours. a ground blizzard is a weather condition where snow is not falling but loose snow on the ground is lifted and blown by strong winds. blizzards can h... |
a bikini is a two-piece swimsuit primarily worn by girls and women that features one piece on top that covers the breasts, and a second piece on the bottom: the front covering the pelvis but usually exposing the navel, and the back generally covering the intergluteal cleft and a little, some, or all of the buttocks. th... |
babur (; ; 14 february 148326 december 1530), born zahīr ud-dīn muhammad, was the founder of the mughal empire in the indian subcontinent. he was a descendant of timur and genghis khan through his father and mother respectively. he was also given the posthumous name of firdaws makani ('dwelling in paradise'). born in a... |
bernard of clairvaux, o. cist. (; 109020 august 1153), venerated as saint bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the knights templar, and a major leader in the reformation of the benedictine order through the nascent cistercian order. he was sent to found clairvaux abbey at an isolated clearing in a glen known as... |
bishkek (, ; ), formerly pishpek and frunze, is the capital and largest city of kyrgyzstan. bishkek is also the administrative centre of the chüy region. the region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of the region but rather a region-level unit of kyrgyzstan. bishkek is situated near the kazakhsta... |
braveheart is a 1995 american epic historical drama film directed by, produced by, and starring mel gibson. gibson portrays sir william wallace, a late-13th century scottish warrior who led the scots in the first war of scottish independence against king edward i of england. the film also stars sophie marceau, patrick ... |
brian wilson aldiss (; 18 august 1925 – 19 august 2017) was an english writer, artist and anthology editor, best known for science fiction novels and short stories. his byline reads either brian w. aldiss or simply brian aldiss, except for occasional pseudonyms during the mid-1960s. greatly influenced by science fictio... |
the battle of jutland (, the battle of the skagerrak) was a naval battle fought between britain's royal navy grand fleet, under admiral sir john jellicoe, and the imperial german navy's high seas fleet, under vice-admiral reinhard scheer, during the first world war. the battle unfolded in extensive manoeuvring and thre... |
bambara, also known as bamana (n'ko script: ) or bamanankan (n'ko script: ; arabic script: ), is a lingua franca and national language of mali spoken by perhaps 15 million people, natively by 5 million bambara people and about 10 million second-language users. it is estimated that about 80 percent of the population of ... |
baku (, ; ) is the capital and largest city of azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the caspian sea and in the caucasus region. baku is below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world below sea level. baku lies on the southern shore of the absh... |
the balalaika (, ) is a russian stringed musical instrument with a characteristic triangular wooden, hollow body, fretted neck and three strings. two strings are usually tuned to the same note and the third string is a perfect fourth higher. the higher-pitched balalaikas are used to play melodies and chords. the instru... |
the bank of china tower (boc tower) is a skyscraper located in central, hong kong. located at 1 garden road on hong kong island, the tower houses the headquarters of the bank of china (hong kong) limited. one of the most recognisable landmarks in hong kong, the building is notable for its distinct shape and design, con... |
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