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cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes with input from linguistics, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, computer science/artificial intelligence, and anthropology. it examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). cognitive scient... |
in linguistics, a copula (plural: copulas or copulae; abbreviated ) is a word or phrase that links the subject of a sentence to a subject complement, such as the word is in the sentence "the sky is blue" or the phrase was not being in the sentence "it was not being co-operative." the word copula derives from the latin ... |
christopher columbus (; between 25 august and 31 october 1451 – 20 may 1506) was an italian explorer and navigator from the republic of genoa who completed four spanish-based voyages across the atlantic ocean sponsored by the catholic monarchs, opening the way for the widespread european exploration and european coloni... |
a chemist (from greek chēm(ía) alchemy; replacing chymist from medieval latin alchemist) is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and ... |
cypress hill is an american hip hop group from south gate, california, formed in 1988. they have sold over 20 million albums worldwide, and they have obtained multi-platinum and platinum certifications. the group has been critically acclaimed for their first five albums. they are considered to be among the main progeni... |
combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substa... |
the cyrillic script ( ), slavonic script or the slavic script is a writing system used for various languages across eurasia. it is the designated national script in various slavic, turkic, mongolic, uralic, caucasian and iranic-speaking countries in southeastern europe, eastern europe, the caucasus, central asia, north... |
in articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. examples are and [b], pronounced with the lips; and [d], pronounced with the front of the tongue; and [g], pronounced with the back of the tongue; , pronounced in the throat; , [v], and , pr... |
costume or fashion jewelry includes a range of decorative items worn for personal adornment that are manufactured as less expensive ornamentation to complement a particular fashionable outfit or garment as opposed to "real" (fine) jewelry, which is more costly and which may be regarded primarily as collectibles, keepsa... |
the channel islands are an archipelago in the english channel, off the french coast of normandy. they are divided into two crown dependencies: the bailiwick of jersey, which is the largest of the islands; and the bailiwick of guernsey, consisting of guernsey, alderney, sark, herm and some smaller islands. historically,... |
a comedy film is a category of film which emphasizes on humor. these films are designed to make the audience laugh in amusement. films in this style traditionally have a happy ending (dark comedy being an exception to this rule). comedy is one of the oldest genres in film and it is derived from classical comedy in thea... |
a cult film or cult movie, also commonly referred to as a cult classic, is a film that has acquired a cult following. cult films are known for their dedicated, passionate fanbase which forms an elaborate subculture, members of which engage in repeated viewings, dialogue-quoting, and audience participation. inclusive de... |
constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the roman empire during the reign of constantine the great in 330. following the collapse of the western roman empire in the late 5th century, constantinople remained the capital of the eastern roman empire (also known as the byzantine empire; 330–1204 and 1261–145... |
columbus is a latinized version of the italian surname "colombo". it most commonly refers to: christopher columbus (1451–1506), the italian explorer columbus, ohio, the capital city of the u.s. state of ohio columbus, georgia, the 2nd-largest city in the u.s. state of georgia columbus may also refer to: places extrater... |
cornwall (; ) is a ceremonial county in south west england. it is recognised as one of the celtic nations and is the homeland of the cornish people. the county is bordered by the atlantic ocean to the north and west, devon to the east, and the english channel to the south. the largest settlement is falmouth, and the co... |
constitutional monarchy, also known as limited monarchy, parliamentary monarchy or democratic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises their authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in making decisions. constitutional monarchies differ from absolute monarchies (in which a monar... |
british science fiction writer arthur c. clarke formulated three adages that are known as clarke's three laws, of which the third law is the best known and most widely cited. they are part of his ideas in his extensive writings about the future. the laws the laws are: when a distinguished but elderly scientist states t... |
caspar david friedrich (5 september 1774 – 7 may 1840) was a german romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important german artist of his generation. he is best known for his allegorical landscapes, which typically feature contemplative figures silhouetted against night skies, morning mists, barren t... |
courtney michelle love (née harrison; born july 9, 1964) is an american singer, guitarist, songwriter, and actress. a figure in the alternative and grunge scenes of the 1990s, her career has spanned four decades. she rose to prominence as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band hole, which s... |
cow is a colloquial term for cattle, and the name of female cattle. cow, cows or cow may also refer to: science and technology cow, an adult female of several animals at2018cow, a large astronomical explosion also known as "the cow" distillation cow, a piece of glassware that allows fractions to be collected without br... |
human cannibalism is the act or practice of humans eating the flesh or internal organs of other human beings. a person who practices cannibalism is called a cannibal. the meaning of "cannibalism" has been extended into zoology to describe an individual of a species consuming all or part of another individual of the sam... |
a chemical element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances. the basic particle that constitutes a chemical element is the atom, and each chemical element is distinguished by the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms, known as its atomic number. for example, oxygen has an atomic n... |
centime (from ) is french for "cent", and is used in english as the name of the fraction currency in several francophone countries (including switzerland, algeria, belgium, morocco and france). in france, the usage of centime goes back to the introduction of the decimal monetary system under napoleon. this system aimed... |
generally speaking, a calendar year begins on the new year's day of the given calendar system and ends on the day before the following new year's day, and thus consists of a whole number of days. a year can also be measured by starting on any other named day of the calendar, and ending on the day before this named day ... |
the cfa franc (, , franc of the financial community of africa, originally franc of the french colonies in africa, or colloquially ; abbreviation: f.cfa) is the name of two currencies, the west african cfa franc, used in eight west african countries, and the central african cfa franc, used in six central african countri... |
consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of internal and external existence. however, its nature has led to millennia of analyses, explanations and debate by philosophers, theologians, and all of science. opinions differ about what exactly needs to be studied or even considered consciousness. in some explanations, ... |
a currency is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. a more general definition is that a currency is a system of money in common use within a specific environment over time, especially for people in a nation state. under this definition, t... |
a central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union. in contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the monetary base. many central banks also have supervisory or regulatory powers to ensu... |
chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol cl and atomic number 17. the second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. it is an extremely reactive element and ... |
calcium is a chemical element with the symbol ca and atomic number 20. as an alkaline earth metal, calcium is a reactive metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. its physical and chemical properties are most similar to its heavier homologues strontium and barium. it is the fifth most abundant el... |
chromium is a chemical element with the symbol cr and atomic number 24. it is the first element in group 6. it is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal. chromium metal is valued for its high corrosion resistance and hardness. a major development in steel production was the discovery that steel cou... |
a cymbal is a common percussion instrument. often used in pairs, cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various alloys. the majority of cymbals are of indefinite pitch, although small disc-shaped cymbals based on ancient designs sound a definite note (such as crotales). cymbals are used in many ensembles ran... |
cadmium is a chemical element with the symbol cd and atomic number 48. this soft, silvery-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. like zinc, it demonstrates oxidation state +2 in most of its compounds, and like mercury, it has a lower melting point than the transi... |
curium is a transuranic, radioactive chemical element with the symbol cm and atomic number 96 and its made entirely from curry. this actinide element was named after eminent scientists marie and pierre curie, both known for their research on radioactivity. curium was first intentionally made by the team of glenn t. sea... |
californium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol cf and atomic number 98. the element was first synthesized in 1950 at lawrence berkeley national laboratory (then the university of california radiation laboratory), by bombarding curium with alpha particles (helium-4 ions). it is an actinide element, the si... |
the christian social union in bavaria (german: , csu) is a christian democratic and conservative political party in germany. having a regionalist identity, the csu operates only in bavaria while its larger counterpart, the christian democratic union (cdu), operates in the other fifteen states of germany. it differs fro... |
corporate titles or business titles are given to corporate officers to show what duties and responsibilities they have in the organization. such titles are used by publicly and privately held for-profit corporations, cooperatives, non-profit organizations, educational institutions, partnerships, and sole proprietorship... |
cambridge ( ) is a city in middlesex county, massachusetts, in the united states. it is a major suburb in the greater boston metropolitan area, located directly across the charles river from boston. the city's population as of the 2020 u.s. census was 118,403, making it the most populous city in the county, the 4th mos... |
cambridge is a city and the county town of cambridgeshire, united kingdom, famous for being the location of the university of cambridge. cambridge may also refer to: places australia cambridge, tasmania, a suburb of hobart town of cambridge, a western australian local government area barbados cambridge, barbados, a pop... |
norman colin dexter (29 september 1930 – 21 march 2017) was an english crime writer known for his inspector morse series of novels, which were written between 1975 and 1999 and adapted as an itv television series, inspector morse, from 1987 to 2000. his characters have spawned a sequel series, lewis from 2006 to 2015, ... |
a college (latin: collegium) is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. a college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offering vocational education, a further education institution, or a secondary school. in most of the... |
chalmers university of technology (, commonly referred to as chalmers) is a private research university located in gothenburg, sweden. chalmers focuses on engineering and science, but more broadly it also conducts research and offers education in shipping, architecture and management. the university has approximately 3... |
the codex (: codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. the term codex is often used for ancient manuscript books, with handwritten contents. a codex, much like the modern book, is bound by stacking the p... |
a calf (: calves) is a young domestic cow or bull. calves are reared to become adult cattle or are slaughtered for their meat, called veal, and their hide. the term calf is also used for some other species. see "other animals" below. terminology "calf" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a ... |
claude elwood shannon (april 30, 1916 – february 24, 2001) was an american mathematician, electrical engineer, computer scientist and cryptographer known as the "father of information theory". he is credited alongside george boole for laying the foundations of the information age. as a 21-year-old master's degree stude... |
cracking may refer to: cracking, the formation of a fracture or partial fracture in a solid material studied as fracture mechanics performing a sternotomy fluid catalytic cracking, a catalytic process widely used in oil refineries for cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules cracking (chemistry), the... |
a community is a social unit (a group of living things) with a shared socially significant characteristic, such as place, set of norms, culture, religion, values, customs, or identity. communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighbourhood) or in vi... |
a community college is a type of undergraduate higher education institution, generally leading to an associate degree, certificate, or diploma. the term can have different meanings in different countries: many community colleges have an "open enrollment" for students who have graduated from high school (also known as s... |
the civil rights memorial is an american memorial in montgomery, alabama, created by maya lin. the names of 41 people are inscribed on the granite fountain as martyrs who were killed in the civil rights movement. the memorial is sponsored by the southern poverty law center. design the names included in the memorial bel... |
charles babbage (; 26 december 1791 – 18 october 1871) was an english polymath. a mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, babbage originated the concept of a digital programmable computer. babbage is considered by some to be "father of the computer". babbage is credited with inventing the first me... |
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