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train/1900 | Is Daucus carota made up of one cell? | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | This organism is Daucus carota. It is a member of the plant kingdom.
Daucus carota is commonly called a carrot plant. The stem and leaves of the carrot plant are green and grow above ground. The root is often orange and grows underground. When people say they eat carrots, they usually mean the root of the carrot plant! | yes or no | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms | In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms.
Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below sho... | Daucus carota is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells. |
train/1901 | During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"each pizza . . . the surroundings",
"the surroundings . . . each pizza"
] | 0 | Harper was delivering two identical pizzas to a customer. While driving to the customer's house, Harper put one of the pizza boxes on top of the other one. This table shows how the temperature of each pizza changed over 15minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each pizza decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each pizza decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each pizza to the surroundings. |
train/1902 | Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance. | [
"chloromethanol",
"propane",
"iodine"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Identify elementary substances and compounds using models | There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ... | ||
train/1903 | Based on the event chain, which event happens right after the railroad owners buy a steam-powered machine? | [
"John Henry challenges the machine to a contest.",
"John Henry gets sick."
] | 0 | This event chain shows the main events from the legend of John Henry. | closed choice | grade5 | language science | writing-strategies | Visual elements | Read graphic organizers | A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this ca... | An event chain uses arrows to show the order of events. This event chain shows the main events from the legend of John Henry.
Follow the arrows to see the order of events. An arrow points from Railroad owners buy a steam-powered machine that helps build railroads to John Henry, a railroad worker, challenges the machine... |
train/1904 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Saint Lucia",
"Barbados",
"Saint Kitts and Nevis"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Barbados. | ||
train/1905 | What is the capital of Georgia? | [
"Athens",
"Atlanta",
"Raleigh",
"Louisville"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Atlanta is the capital of Georgia. | ||
train/1906 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Grenada",
"Dominica",
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Cuba"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Grenada. | ||
train/1907 | Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... |
train/1908 | What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Portland",
"Helena",
"Carson City",
"Salem"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | ||
train/1909 | What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Montpelier",
"Burlington",
"Salem",
"Boston"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | ||
train/1910 | Select the fish below. | [
"coral snake",
"cardinalfish"
] | 1 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. A manta ray is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A cardinalfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Cardinalfish often live near coral reefs. They are nocturnal, which means that they are active mostly at night.
A coral snake is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Coral snakes spend most of their time underground or hiding under leaves. |
train/1911 | What type of rock is pumice? | [
"igneous",
"metamorphic"
] | 0 | Pumice is a type of rock. It forms from melted rock. Pumice can form when melted rock traps water and gas bubbles while cooling. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when a rock is chang... | Pumice is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock is a hot, thick liquid. As melted rock cools, solid mineral grains begin to form. When the melted rock becomes solid, it forms igneous rock. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. |
train/1912 | Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators? | [
"Spanish shawl nudibranch",
"lichen katydid"
] | 0 | Lionfish can release venom from the spines on their brightly colored bodies. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the animal is venomous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators.
Figure: lionfish. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the lionfish.
The lionfish has venomous spines and brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the lionfish is venomous.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Spanish shawl nudibranch has... |
train/1913 | Select the chemical formula for this molecule. | [
"H2O",
"HO",
"CH2O",
"H2"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Match chemical formulas to ball-and-stick models | Every substance around you is made up of atoms. Atoms can link together to form molecules. The links between atoms in a molecule are called chemical bonds. Different molecules are made up of different chemical elements, or types of atoms, bonded together.
Scientists use both ball-and-stick models and chemical formulas ... | H is the symbol for hydrogen. O is the symbol for oxygen. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
The chemical formula will contain the symbols H and O. There are two hydrogen atoms, so H will have a subscript of 2. There is one oxygen atom, so O will not have a subscript... | |
train/1914 | What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Phoenix",
"Tucson",
"Olympia",
"Fort Wayne"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | ||
train/1915 | Which is this organism's scientific name? | [
"common snapping turtle",
"Chelydra serpentina"
] | 1 | This organism is a common snapping turtle. It is also called Chelydra serpentina. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Identify common and scientific names | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics,... | Chelydra serpentina is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Chelydra serpentina is the scientific name. |
train/1916 | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average ... |
train/1917 | Which animal's feet are also adapted to walk on snow and ice? | [
"Eurasian lynx",
"tokay gecko"
] | 0 | Polar bears live in cold, snowy areas near the Arctic Ocean. The 's feet are adapted for walking on snow and ice.
Figure: polar bear. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the polar bear.
The polar bear has furry feet with large pads. Its feet are adapted to walk on snow and ice. The fur can help keep the polar bear's feet warm. The large pads help spread its weight over a larger area. This allows it to walk on ice without slipping and to walk on snow without sinki... |
train/1918 | Which material is this shovel made of? | [
"ceramic",
"metal"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the shovel.
The shovel is made of two different materials. The handle is made of wood, and the head is made of metal.
Metal is a tough material. It does not break easily. This makes metal a good material for the head of a shovel. You don't want your shovel to break if you hit a rock while you're ... | |
train/1919 | Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the left than to the right",
"to the right than to the left"
] | 1 | The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a pink ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time d... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Diffusion across membranes | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
A... | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 8 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 2 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there... |
train/1920 | What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Maryland",
"Georgia",
"West Virginia",
"Maine"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Georgia. | ||
train/1921 | Which animal's mouth is also adapted for gnawing? | [
"brown rat",
"silky anteater"
] | 0 | s spend most of their life underground. They feed on plant roots and bulbs. Mole rats eat by biting off small pieces at a time, or gnawing. The mole rat's mouth is adapted for gnawing.
Figure: Podolsk mole rat. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's mouth is one example of an adaptation. Animals' mouths can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large mouth with sharp teeth might help an animal tear ... | Look at the picture of the Podolsk mole rat.
The Podolsk mole rat has large front teeth. Its mouth is adapted for gnawing. The large front teeth can help the Podolsk mole rat break off pieces of food that it can swallow.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The brown rat has large ... |
train/1922 | What is the capital of Washington? | [
"Seattle",
"Olympia",
"Cheyenne",
"Spokane"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Olympia is the capital of Washington. | ||
train/1923 | Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"hard",
"bendable"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A bendable object can be bent without breaking. Both objects are bendable.
A hard object keeps its shape when you squeeze it. The rubber gloves are not hard.
The property that both objects have in common is bendable. |
train/1924 | Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"salty",
"translucent",
"transparent"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. All four objects are salty.
A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object. The ocean water is translucent, but the pretzel and the cracker are not.
You can see clearl... |
train/1925 | Complete the text to describe the diagram.
Solute particles moved in both directions across the permeable membrane. But more solute particles moved across the membrane (). When there was an equal concentration on both sides, the particles reached equilibrium. | [
"to the left than to the right",
"to the right than to the left"
] | 0 | The diagram below shows a solution with one solute. Each solute particle is represented by a pink ball. The solution fills a closed container that is divided in half by a membrane. The membrane, represented by a dotted line, is permeable to the solute particles.
The diagram shows how the solution can change over time d... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Diffusion across membranes | In a solution, solute particles move and spread throughout the solvent. The diagram below shows how a solution can change over time. Solute particles move from the area where they are at a higher concentration to the area where they are at a lower concentration. This movement happens through the process of diffusion.
A... | Look at the diagram again. It shows you how the solution changed during the process of diffusion.
Before the solute particles reached equilibrium, there were 4 solute particles on the left side of the membrane and 6 solute particles on the right side of the membrane.
When the solute particles reached equilibrium, there... |
train/1926 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Marshall Islands",
"Papua New Guinea",
"Palau",
"the Federated States of Micronesia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Federated States of Micronesia. | ||
train/1927 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tuvalu",
"the Federated States of Micronesia",
"Papua New Guinea",
"Palau"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Palau. | ||
train/1928 | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... |
train/1929 | Is calcite a mineral or a rock? | [
"mineral",
"rock"
] | 0 | Calcite has the following properties:
breaks easily
found in nature
solid
fixed crystal structure
not made by living things
made of a pure substance called calcium carbonate | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks and minerals | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Calcite has all the properties of a mineral. So, calcite is a mineral. |
train/1930 | Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"scratchy",
"breakable"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. Both objects are scratchy.
A breakable object will break into pieces if you drop it. Neither of the objects are breakable.
The property that both objects have in common is scratchy. |
train/1931 | Is a coin a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A coin is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
Many coins are made of solid metal. | |
train/1932 | What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Vermont",
"New York",
"New Jersey",
"Mississippi"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New Jersey. | ||
train/1933 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Dominica",
"Trinidad and Tobago",
"the Dominican Republic",
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Dominica. | ||
train/1934 | What is the capital of Massachusetts? | [
"Trenton",
"Boston",
"Cambridge",
"Charleston"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Boston is the capital of Massachusetts. | ||
train/1935 | Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill... |
train/1936 | Which specific humidity level was measured within the outlined area shown? | [
"9 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air",
"10 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air",
"2 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air"
] | 2 | The map below shows humidity in the lower atmosphere on May 3, 2013. The map shows specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air. The outlined area shows an air mass that influenced weather in North America on that day.
Look at the map. Then, answer the question below.
Data source: United Sta... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Identify and compare air masses | To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air.
The map's legend tells you the specific humidity level that each color represents. Colors on the left in th... | Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which specific humidity levels those colors represent.
The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with specific humidity levels between 0 and 6 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air.
2 grams of water vapor per kilogram of... |
train/1937 | During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"each battery . . . the surroundings",
"the surroundings . . . each battery"
] | 0 | Two friends bought phones that cost different amounts but had identical batteries. After using the phones for a while, both friends had to turn them off to let the batteries cool. This table shows how the temperature of each battery changed over 5minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each battery decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each battery decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each battery to the surroundings. |
train/1938 | What is the capital of Florida? | [
"Tampa",
"Indianapolis",
"Tallahassee",
"Concord"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Tallahassee is the capital of Florida. | ||
train/1939 | What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"North Carolina",
"Wisconsin",
"New Hampshire",
"New York"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New York.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony. | ||
train/1940 | Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... |
train/1941 | Select the mammal below. | [
"gray wolf",
"helmeted iguana"
] | 0 | Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk. A bison is an example of a mammal. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A helmeted iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit.
A gray wolf is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Wolves often live in family groups. A wolf mother, father, and their children travel together. |
train/1942 | Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit... |
train/1943 | Select the organism in the same genus as the smooth-sided toad. | [
"Hyla japonica",
"Bufo viridis",
"Hyla cinerea"
] | 1 | This organism is a smooth-sided toad. Its scientific name is Bufo guttatus. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A smooth-sided toad's scientific name is Bufo guttatus. The first word of its scientific name is Bufo.
Bufo viridis is in the genus Bufo. The first word of its scientific name is Bufo. So, Bufo viridis and Bufo guttatus are in the same genus.
Hyla japonica is in the genus Hyla. The first word of its scientific name is ... |
train/1944 | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B",
"sample A"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A mus... |
train/1945 | What is the capital of Tennessee? | [
"Nashville",
"Pierre",
"Jefferson City",
"Baltimore"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Nashville is the capital of Tennessee. | ||
train/1946 | Which animal's legs are also adapted for wading? | [
"flying fox",
"Eurasian spoonbill"
] | 1 | Painted storks live near marshes in southern Asia. They eat fish that live in shallow water. Painted storks hunt their prey by walking through water, or wading.
The 's legs are adapted for wading. They are lightweight and keep the bird's body above the water.
Figure: painted stork. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the painted stork.
Long legs help the painted stork keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The Eurasian spoonbill has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapte... |
train/1947 | What is the capital of New Jersey? | [
"Newark",
"Hartford",
"Jersey City",
"Trenton"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Trenton is the capital of New Jersey. | ||
train/1948 | Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ... |
train/1949 | Which animal's skin is better adapted to hurt an attacking predator? | [
"blowfish",
"hyrax"
] | 0 | Echidnas have sharp spines covering much of their skin. These spines are called quills. The skin of the is adapted to hurt an attacking predator.
Figure: echidna. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the echidna.
The echidna has sharp spines on its skin. Its skin is adapted to hurt an attacking predator. The spines can harm a predator that tries to bite the echidna.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The blowfish has sharp spines on its skin. Its skin i... |
train/1950 | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are... |
train/1951 | What is the capital of Pennsylvania? | [
"Harrisburg",
"Annapolis",
"Philadelphia",
"Pittsburgh"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Harrisburg is the capital of Pennsylvania. | ||
train/1952 | Identify the question that Bridgette's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does the humidity level where tomato seeds are planted affect the number of tomato seedlings that grow?",
"Do more tomato seedlings grow when they are planted in soil with fertilizer compared to soil without fertilizer?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Bridgette planted 25 tomato seeds one-half inch below the soil surface in each of six pots. Bridgette added an equal amount of fertilizer to three of the six pots. She placed the pots in a plant growth chamber where all... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | |
train/1953 | Select the organism in the same genus as the great gray owl. | [
"Cyanocitta cristata",
"Strix uralensis",
"Chroicocephalus scopulinus"
] | 1 | This organism is a great gray owl. Its scientific name is Strix nebulosa. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A great gray owl's scientific name is Strix nebulosa. The first word of its scientific name is Strix.
Chroicocephalus scopulinus is in the genus Chroicocephalus. The first word of its scientific name is Chroicocephalus. So, Chroicocephalus scopulinus and Strix nebulosa are not in the same genus.
Cyanocitta cristata is ... |
train/1954 | Which bird's beak is also adapted to crack hard seeds? | [
"barn swallow",
"bronze mannikin"
] | 1 | Northern cardinals eat small, hard seeds. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to crack open small, hard seeds.
Figure: northern cardinal. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the northern cardinal.
The northern cardinal has a short, thick beak. Its beak is adapted to crack hard seeds. The northern cardinal uses its short, thick beak to press down on a seed and crack open its hard shell.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The bronze ... |
train/1955 | Which animal's mouth is also adapted to eat plant matter? | [
"giraffe",
"aardvark"
] | 0 | Donkeys are herbivores, or plant eaters. They eat grass and leaves. The 's mouth is adapted to grind up and eat plant matter.
Figure: donkey. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's mouth is one example of an adaptation. Animals' mouths can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large mouth with sharp teeth might help an animal tear ... | Look at the picture of the donkey.
The donkey has long jaws and flat teeth. Its mouth is adapted to eat plant matter. The long jaws can help the donkey reach grass. The flat teeth can help it cut and grind up the food into soft pieces it can swallow.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adapta... |
train/1956 | How many years passed between the signing of the Treaty of Versailles and the beginning of World War II in Europe? | [
"35 years",
"20 years",
"15 years",
"23 years"
] | 1 | Look at the timeline. Then answer the question. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | world-history | 20th century American history | World War II: lead-up to war in Europe, Asia | The Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919. World War II began in Europe in 1939. Subtract 1919 from 1939.
There were 20 years between the signing of the Treaty of Versailles and the beginning of World War II in Europe. | |
train/1957 | Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles? | [
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A",
"Solution B"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
... |
train/1958 | What can Eddie and Valentina trade to each get what they want? | [
"Eddie can trade his tomatoes for Valentina's sandwich.",
"Valentina can trade her broccoli for Eddie's oranges.",
"Eddie can trade his tomatoes for Valentina's broccoli.",
"Valentina can trade her almonds for Eddie's tomatoes."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Eddie and Valentina open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Eddie wante... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Eddie wanted broccoli in his lunch and Valentina was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Eddie has tomatoes. Valentina has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | |
train/1959 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tuvalu",
"Samoa",
"Palau",
"the Federated States of Micronesia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Palau. | ||
train/1960 | Which of these cities is marked on the map? | [
"Minneapolis",
"Milwaukee",
"Chicago",
"Omaha"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Cities | Cities of the Midwest | The city is Chicago, Illinois. Milwaukee, Minneapolis, and Omaha are marked with gray circles on the map below. | ||
train/1961 | What can Josie and Eve trade to each get what they want? | [
"Eve can trade her broccoli for Josie's oranges.",
"Josie can trade her tomatoes for Eve's carrots.",
"Josie can trade her tomatoes for Eve's broccoli.",
"Eve can trade her almonds for Josie's tomatoes."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Josie and Eve open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Josie nor Eve got everything that they wanted. The table be... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Josie wants broccoli. Eve wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | |
train/1962 | Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tonga",
"Tuvalu",
"Kiribati",
"Nauru"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Kiribati. | ||
train/1963 | Select the amphibian below. | [
"cane toad",
"fruit bat"
] | 0 | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. A golden frog is an example of an amphibian. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A cane toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
A fruit bat is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. |
train/1964 | Which of the following could Steven's test show? | [
"whether a parachute with a 1 m vent would swing too much at 400 km per hour",
"if the spacecraft was damaged when using a parachute with a 1 m vent going 200 km per hour",
"how steady a parachute with a 1 m vent was at 200 km per hour"
] | 2 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | |
train/1965 | Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad? | [
"ethos (character)",
"pathos (emotion)",
"logos (reason)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one... | The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It notes that the bank has been trusted for many years. | |
train/1966 | Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are the same repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. |
train/1967 | Which statement is supported by these pictures? | [
"The cheetah has legs, and so did Homotherium.",
"The cheetah has teeth, but Homotherium did not."
] | 0 | Look at the two pictures below. The cheetah is a modern organism, and Homotherium is an extinct one. The cheetah has many of the traits that Homotherium had. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare ancient and modern organisms: use observations to support a hypothesis | Fossils are the remains of organisms that lived long ago. Scientists look at fossils to learn about the traits of ancient organisms. Often, scientists compare fossils to modern organisms.
Some ancient organisms had many traits in common with modern organisms. Other ancient organisms were very different from any organis... | The cheetah has legs and teeth.
This fossil of Homotherium shows the bones of its legs. So, Homotherium had legs.
The fossil also shows the remains of sharp teeth. So, Homotherium had teeth.
Choice "The cheetah has teeth, but Homotherium did not." is incorrect.
This statement is not supported by the pictures. From Homo... |
train/1968 | Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit... |
train/1969 | What is the capital of Iowa? | [
"Des Moines",
"Columbia",
"Cedar Rapids",
"Lansing"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Des Moines is the capital of Iowa. | ||
train/1970 | Select the bird below. | [
"clownfish",
"Surinam horned frog",
"tiger shark",
"brown pelican"
] | 3 | Birds have feathers, two wings, and a beak.
Birds are warm-blooded. Warm-blooded animals can control their body temperature.
A keel-billed toucan is an example of a bird. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. | A tiger shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Tiger sharks are nocturnal. This means that they are active mostly at night.
A Surinam horned frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Frogs live near water or in damp places. Most frogs lay their eggs in water.
A clownfi... |
train/1971 | Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Mississippi",
"New York",
"Arizona",
"Kansas"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. New York is farthest north. | |
train/1972 | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitud... |
train/1973 | What is the capital of Louisiana? | [
"Fairbanks",
"Baton Rouge",
"Cincinnati",
"New Orleans"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana. | ||
train/1974 | What is the capital of Arkansas? | [
"Tallahassee",
"Baton Rouge",
"Fayetteville",
"Little Rock"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas. | ||
train/1975 | Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"sweet",
"rough"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The rock are not sweet.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. Both objects are rough.
The property that both objects have in common is rough. |
train/1976 | Select the amphibian below. | [
"poison dart frog",
"clownfish"
] | 0 | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. An olive toad is an example of an amphibian. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A clownfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Clownfish live with animals called anemones. In the image of the clownfish, you can see the brown anemone surrounding the clownfish.
A poison dart frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Poison dart frogs come in many brig... |
train/1977 | What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Santa Fe",
"Albuquerque",
"Denver",
"Helena"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | ||
train/1978 | Select the fish below. | [
"salmon",
"bison"
] | 0 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. A clownfish is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A bison is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
A salmon is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. |
train/1979 | Identify the question that Leo's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do steel nails rust in fewer days when submerged in a large volume of liquid compared to a small volume?",
"Do steel nails take fewer days to rust in water compared to vinegar?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Leo put one two-inch steel nail into each of six test tubes. He added water to three of the test tubes and vinegar to the other three. In each test tube, he completely covered the nail with the same volume of liquid. Le... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | |
train/1980 | What is the capital of Colorado? | [
"Boise",
"Colorado Springs",
"Denver",
"Boulder"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Denver is the capital of Colorado. | ||
train/1981 | Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Mars is more than ten times as large as Mercury's. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 0 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of ten times the volume of Mercury.
Then compare the result to the volume of Mars. The volume of Mars is 1.63 x 10^11 km^3, which is less than 6.08 x 10^11 km^3. So, the volume of Mars is less than ten times as large as Mercury's. |
train/1982 | Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles? | [
"Solution A",
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill... |
train/1983 | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes and shapes. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitud... |
train/1984 | Identify the question that Caleb's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do cardinals visit feeders containing sunflower seeds more often than feeders containing flax seeds?",
"Do cardinals eat more seeds per visit from feeders containing sunflower seeds compared to feeders containing flax seeds?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Caleb set up five pairs of platform bird feeders around his yard. He filled one feeder in each pair with sunflower seeds and the other feeder with flax seeds. For one week, Caleb watched cardinals visiting the feeders d... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | |
train/1985 | What is the capital of Utah? | [
"Salt Lake City",
"Provo",
"Santa Fe",
"Newark"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salt Lake City is the capital of Utah. | ||
train/1986 | Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is greater.
There is a smaller distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. |
train/1987 | Select the chemical formula for this molecule. | [
"IC",
"I2Cl2",
"ICl",
"I2C2"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Match chemical formulas to ball-and-stick models | Every substance around you is made up of atoms. Atoms can link together to form molecules. The links between atoms in a molecule are called chemical bonds. Different molecules are made up of different chemical elements, or types of atoms, bonded together.
Scientists use both ball-and-stick models and chemical formulas ... | I is the symbol for iodine. Cl is the symbol for chlorine. This ball-and-stick model shows a molecule with one iodine atom and one chlorine atom.
The chemical formula will contain the symbols I and Cl. There is one iodine atom, so I will not have a subscript. There is one chlorine atom, so Cl will not have a subscript.... | |
train/1988 | What is the capital of Montana? | [
"Helena",
"Missoula",
"Billings",
"Olympia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Helena is the capital of Montana. | ||
train/1989 | Which specific humidity level was measured within the outlined area shown? | [
"4 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air",
"10 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air",
"14 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air"
] | 0 | The map below shows humidity in the lower atmosphere on May 3, 2013. The map shows specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air. The outlined area shows an air mass that influenced weather in North America on that day.
Look at the map. Then, answer the question below.
Data source: United Sta... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Identify and compare air masses | To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show specific humidity, a measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air.
The map's legend tells you the specific humidity level that each color represents. Colors on the left in th... | Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which specific humidity levels those colors represent.
The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with specific humidity levels between 0 and 6 grams of water vapor per kilogram of air.
4 grams of water vapor per kilogram of... |
train/1990 | Select the amphibian below. | [
"Galapagos giant tortoise",
"American toad"
] | 1 | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. A Japanese tree frog is an example of an amphibian. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | An American toad is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
A Galapagos giant tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. |
train/1991 | What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Olympia",
"Albuquerque",
"Concord",
"Santa Fe"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | ||
train/1992 | During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each salmon",
"each salmon . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 | Tyler lit the charcoal in his grill to cook two identical salmon. He put one fish on the left half of the grill and one fish on the right half of the grill. This table shows how the temperature of each salmon changed over 6minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each salmon increased, which means that the thermal energy of each salmon increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each salmon. |
train/1993 | What can Dwayne and Madelyn trade to each get what they want? | [
"Dwayne can trade his tomatoes for Madelyn's broccoli.",
"Madelyn can trade her almonds for Dwayne's tomatoes.",
"Madelyn can trade her broccoli for Dwayne's oranges.",
"Dwayne can trade his tomatoes for Madelyn's carrots."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Dwayne and Madelyn open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Dwayne nor Madelyn got everything that they wanted. Th... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Dwayne wants broccoli. Madelyn wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | |
train/1994 | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Pacific Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Arctic Ocean. | |
train/1995 | Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Southern Ocean"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Southern Ocean.
The Southern Ocean reaches from the shores of Antarctica to 60° South latitude. | |
train/1996 | Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Europe",
"Africa",
"South America",
"Antarctica"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Europe. | |
train/1997 | What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Phoenix",
"Tucson",
"Honolulu",
"Juneau"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | ||
train/1998 | What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Albuquerque",
"Santa Fe",
"Trenton",
"Sacramento"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | ||
train/1999 | Which better describes the Shenandoah National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has warm, wet summers. It also has only a few types of trees.",
"It has cold, wet winters. It also has soil that is poor in nutrients."
] | 0 | Figure: Shenandoah National Park.
Shenandoah National Park is a temperate deciduous forest ecosystem in northern Virginia. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there | A temperate deciduous forest is a type of ecosystem. Temperate deciduous forests have the following features: warm, wet summers and cold, wet winters, soil that is rich in nutrients, and only a few types of trees. So, Shenandoah National Park has warm, wet summers. It also has only a few types of trees. |
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