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train/5300
Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles?
[ "Solution A", "Solution B", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]
0
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill...
train/5301
Which statement describes the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve ecosystem?
[ "It has hot summers and cool winters.", "It has soil that is poor in nutrients." ]
0
Figure: Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve. Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve is a prairie grassland ecosystem in eastern Kansas. The preserve is named for its grass, which can grow over five feet tall. This type of grass once covered large parts of North America, but it is now rare. Most of the tallgrass in North A...
closed choice
grade8
natural science
biology
Ecosystems
Describe ecosystems
An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment. There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri...
A prairie grassland is a type of ecosystem. Prairie grasslands have the following features: hot summers and cool winters, a medium amount of rain, and soil that is rich in nutrients. So, the following statements describe the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve ecosystem: hot summers and cool winters, a medium amount of...
train/5302
Is limestone a mineral?
[ "no", "yes" ]
0
Limestone has the following properties: no fixed crystal structure not made by organisms naturally occurring made mostly of calcite solid
yes or no
grade6
natural science
earth-science
Rocks and minerals
Identify rocks and minerals
Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties: It is a solid. It is formed in nature. It is not made by organisms. It is a pure substance. It has a fixed crystal structure. If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral. Look closely at the last thre...
Limestone is a rock that forms from ocean sediment. The sediment in limestone is made mostly of the shells of marine organisms. But the rock itself is not made by organisms. It forms deep below Earth's surface when layers of sediment are pressed together to form rock.
train/5303
Will these magnets attract or repel each other?
[ "attract", "repel" ]
0
Two magnets are placed as shown. Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart.
closed choice
grade3
natural science
physics
Magnets
Identify magnets that attract or repel
Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
train/5304
Which country is highlighted?
[ "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "Barbados", "Grenada", "Saint Lucia" ]
0
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
The Americas: geography
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
This country is Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
train/5305
Identify the question that Hazel's experiment can best answer.
[ "Are eggs more likely to float in fresh water or salty water?", "Does the amount of water in a glass affect whether eggs sink or float in the water?" ]
0
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below. Hazel poured four ounces of water into each of six glasses. Hazel dissolved one tablespoon of salt in each of three glasses, and did not add salt to the other three. Then, Hazel placed an egg in one glass and observed i...
closed choice
grade6
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Designing experiments
Identify the experimental question
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment. Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr...
train/5306
Select the reptile below.
[ "bison", "Galapagos giant tortoise" ]
1
Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land. A Chinese alligator is an example of a reptile.
closed choice
grade2
natural science
biology
Classification
Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians
Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common. Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
A Galapagos giant tortoise is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. A bison is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
train/5307
Select the organism in the same genus as the silver gull.
[ "Goura scheepmakeri", "Cyanocitta stelleri", "Chroicocephalus scopulinus" ]
2
This organism is a silver gull. Its scientific name is Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
biology
Classification and scientific names
Use scientific names to classify organisms
Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...
A silver gull's scientific name is Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae. The first word of its scientific name is Chroicocephalus. Chroicocephalus scopulinus is in the genus Chroicocephalus. The first word of its scientific name is Chroicocephalus. So, Chroicocephalus scopulinus and Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae are in th...
train/5308
Will these magnets attract or repel each other?
[ "attract", "repel" ]
0
Two magnets are placed as shown. Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart.
closed choice
grade2
natural science
physics
Magnets
Identify magnets that attract or repel
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets....
Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
train/5309
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
[ "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1." ]
1
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
physics
Magnets
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same. So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.
train/5310
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
[ "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2." ]
2
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
physics
Velocity, acceleration, and forces
Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,...
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them. Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitud...
train/5311
Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment?
[ "the amount of oxygen in the tanks", "the species of algae" ]
1
The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described. Dr. Dalton collected two species of algae, Chlorella rotunda and Tetraselmis cordiformis. He wanted to know whether one species released more oxygen as it grew than the other species. To find out, Dr. Dalton p...
closed choice
grade6
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Designing experiments
Identify independent and dependent variables
Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato...
train/5312
Based on the text, why are blue dragons dangerous?
[ "Their strong fingers squeeze prey.", "They have razor-sharp teeth and sharp fingers.", "They use weapons to catch food.", "Their sting is painful and can harm humans." ]
3
Read the text about the blue dragon. Do dragons exist? Believe it or not, the oceans contain a lizard-like creature called the blue glaucus or blue dragon. However, these "dragons" are not the fire-breathing beasts of fantasy. In fact, they are only about an inch long. Blue dragons are a type of sea slug. Although thes...
closed choice
grade5
language science
reading-comprehension
Informational texts: level 1
Read passages about animals
Look at the text in bold below. It tells you why blue dragons are dangerous. Although these slugs are cuter than legendary dragons, you shouldn't let their squishy bodies fool you. These tiny creatures can be dangerous! Blue dragons eat poisonous sea creatures, such as Portuguese man-of-wars. The blue dragons store the...
train/5313
Which bird's beak is also adapted to filter through mud?
[ "ringed teal", "northern mockingbird" ]
0
Mute swans eat plants that grow underwater or in mud. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to filter through mud for food. The gathers muddy water in its beak and then pushes it out through gaps along the sides. Bits of food, such as plant roots, are left behind inside the swan's beak. Figure: mute swan.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ...
Look at the picture of the mute swan. The mute swan has a wide, flat beak. Its beak is adapted to filter through mud. The mute swan gathers muddy water in its beak. Then, it pushes the water out through gaps along the sides of the beak. Bits of food, such as plant roots, are left behind inside the swan's beak. Now look...
train/5314
Is steel a mineral?
[ "yes", "no" ]
1
Steel has the following properties: human-made mixture of iron and carbon no fixed crystal structure solid
yes or no
grade5
natural science
earth-science
Rocks and minerals
Identify rocks and minerals
Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties: It is a solid. It is formed in nature. It is not made by organisms. It is a pure substance. It has a fixed crystal structure. If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral. Look closely at the last thre...
Steel does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, steel is not a mineral.
train/5315
What is the name of the colony shown?
[ "North Carolina", "Iowa", "Virginia", "New Hampshire" ]
0
closed choice
grade4
social science
us-history
English colonies in North America
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
The colony is North Carolina.
train/5316
Does Bertholletia excelsa have cells that have a nucleus?
[ "no", "yes" ]
1
This organism is Bertholletia excelsa. It is a member of the plant kingdom. Bertholletia excelsa is commonly called a Brazil nut tree. Brazil nut trees have a tall, thin trunk. Branches grow near the top of the tree. A Brazil nut tree can live for over 500 years!
yes or no
grade4
natural science
biology
Classification
Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms
Bertholletia excelsa is a plant. Plant cells have a nucleus.
train/5317
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().
[ "the surroundings . . . each bottle", "each bottle . . . the surroundings" ]
0
Two bottles of soda were sitting on a porch on a hot day. The two bottles were identical, except that one bottle was made of brown glass and one bottle was made of clear glass. This table shows how the temperature of each bottle changed over 25minutes.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
physics
Thermal energy
Compare thermal energy transfers
A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy: An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings. A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th...
The temperature of each bottle increased, which means that the thermal energy of each bottle increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each bottle.
train/5318
Which statement is true about seeds?
[ "A plant's fruit makes seeds.", "A plant's flowers make seeds." ]
1
A watermelon plant can grow seeds.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Plants
Describe and construct flowering plant life cycles
Many plants have flowers. These plants can use their flowers to reproduce, or make new plants like themselves. How do plants use their flowers to reproduce? First, the male part of the flower makes pollen, and the female part makes eggs. Animals, wind, or water can move pollen. Pollination is what happens when pollen i...
Flowers make seeds. After a flower is pollinated, male cells from the pollen combine with eggs. This is called fertilization. The fertilized eggs grow into seeds. The fruit can grow around the seeds. But the fruit does not make seeds. Both the fruit and the seeds grow from parts of the flower.
train/5319
What is the capital of Massachusetts?
[ "Portland", "Providence", "Atlanta", "Boston" ]
3
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
Boston is the capital of Massachusetts.
train/5320
Which country is highlighted?
[ "Jamaica", "Cuba", "The Bahamas", "Dominica" ]
1
closed choice
grade7
social science
geography
The Americas: geography
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
This country is Cuba. Does Cuba have any territorial disputes? Cuba claims to own Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them. The United States controls the area and uses it as a military base and prison. A treaty...
train/5321
Which animal's mouth is also adapted for bottom feeding?
[ "emperor angelfish", "spotted eagle ray" ]
1
Leopard sharks eat organisms such as crabs, shrimp, and fish. They are bottom feeders. Bottom feeders find their food at the bottom of rivers, lakes, and the ocean. The 's mouth is located on the underside of its head and points downward. Its mouth is adapted for bottom feeding. Figure: leopard shark.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of an animal's mouth is one example of an adaptation. Animals' mouths can be adapted in different ways. For example, a large mouth with sharp teeth might help an animal tear ...
Look at the picture of the leopard shark. The leopard shark's mouth is located on the underside of its head and points downward. Its mouth is adapted for bottom feeding. The leopard shark uses its mouth to find food hidden in the sediment of the ocean floor. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a simila...
train/5322
Which of these states is farthest east?
[ "New Jersey", "Arizona", "Rhode Island", "North Carolina" ]
2
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
Maps
Read a map: cardinal directions
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north...
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Rhode Island is farthest east.
train/5323
Which area voted for Lincoln?
[ "the West", "the South" ]
0
In the 1860 election, the Republican party nominated Abraham Lincoln for president. Meanwhile, the Democrats could not decide on one candidate. Look at the 1860 election map. Then answer the question below.
closed choice
grade4
social science
us-history
The Civil War and Reconstruction
The Civil War: the beginning of the war
train/5324
Which animal's feet are also adapted for walking on large, floating leaves?
[ "comb-crested jacana", "mallard" ]
0
Bronze-winged jacanas live near rivers and lakes. They eat insects and snails that live on plants floating on the surface of the water. The feet of the jacana are adapted for walking on large, floating leaves. The jacana uses its feet to spread its weight out over a wide area. This helps the bird walk on the leaves wit...
closed choice
grade3
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: feet and limbs
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m...
Look at the picture of the bronze-winged jacana. The bronze-winged jacana uses its toes to spread its weight out over a large area. This can help it walk on leaves without sinking into the water. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The comb-crested jacana has long, thin toes on it...
train/5325
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?
[ "sample B", "sample A", "neither; the samples have the same temperature" ]
0
The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
physics
Particle motion and energy
Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure
The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of...
Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A. Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ...
train/5326
What is the capital of Alabama?
[ "Montgomery", "Birmingham", "Trenton", "Columbia" ]
0
closed choice
grade4
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
Montgomery is the capital of Alabama.
train/5327
Which ocean is highlighted?
[ "the Arctic Ocean", "the Southern Ocean", "the Indian Ocean", "the Pacific Ocean" ]
3
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
Physical Geography
Oceans and continents
Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Pacific Ocean.
train/5328
Is cheese a mineral?
[ "no", "yes" ]
0
Cheese has the following properties: made in a cheese factory not a pure substance solid no fixed crystal structure
yes or no
grade5
natural science
earth-science
Rocks and minerals
Identify rocks and minerals
Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties: It is a solid. It is formed in nature. It is not made by organisms. It is a pure substance. It has a fixed crystal structure. If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral. Look closely at the last thre...
Cheese does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, cheese is not a mineral.
train/5329
Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators?
[ "flamboyant cuttlefish", "gray tree frog" ]
0
Fire salamanders have poisonous glands in their brightly colored skin. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the animal is poisonous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators. Figure: fire salamander.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal...
Look at the picture of the fire salamander. The fire salamander has a poisonous body with brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the fire salamander is poisonous. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The flam...
train/5330
What can Terrell and Sophie trade to each get what they want?
[ "Terrell can trade his tomatoes for Sophie's broccoli.", "Sophie can trade her broccoli for Terrell's oranges.", "Sophie can trade her almonds for Terrell's tomatoes.", "Terrell can trade his tomatoes for Sophie's sandwich." ]
0
Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another. Terrell and Sophie open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Terrell want...
closed choice
grade6
social science
economics
Basic economic principles
Trade and specialization
Terrell wanted broccoli in his lunch and Sophie was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images. Terrell has tomatoes. Sophie has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want.
train/5331
Which material is this plate made of?
[ "cotton", "plastic" ]
1
closed choice
grade2
natural science
physics
Materials
Identify materials in objects
A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Look at the picture of the plate. The plate is made of plastic. Most plates are made of plastic or ceramic. If you drop a ceramic plate, it might break! Plates for young children are usually made of plastic instead.
train/5332
Which property matches this object?
[ "scratchy", "yellow" ]
1
Select the better answer.
closed choice
grade3
natural science
physics
Materials
Identify properties of an object
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Look at the object. Think about each property. A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The flower petals are not scratchy. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The flower petals are yellow.
train/5333
Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles?
[ "Solution B", "Solution A", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]
1
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill...
train/5334
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers?
[ "malachite sunbird", "roseate spoonbill" ]
0
Rufous hummingbirds live in the woodlands and meadows of western North America. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. Figure: rufous hummingbird.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ...
Look at the picture of the rufous hummingbird. The rufous hummingbird has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The rufous hummingbird's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers. Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation. The malachite sunbird has a...
train/5335
What is the capital of North Carolina?
[ "Springfield", "Atlanta", "Little Rock", "Raleigh" ]
3
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
Raleigh is the capital of North Carolina.
train/5336
Which of the following could Dominic's test show?
[ "if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50°C", "how well the weather station would work when it was windy" ]
0
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade6
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5337
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().
[ "each pizza . . . the surroundings", "the surroundings . . . each pizza" ]
0
Helen was delivering two identical pizzas to a customer. While driving to the customer's house, Helen put one of the pizza boxes on top of the other one. This table shows how the temperature of each pizza changed over 15minutes.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
physics
Thermal energy
Compare thermal energy transfers
A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy: An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings. A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th...
The temperature of each pizza decreased, which means that the thermal energy of each pizza decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred from each pizza to the surroundings.
train/5338
Which continent is highlighted?
[ "North America", "Africa", "Antarctica", "Asia" ]
2
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
Geography
Identify oceans and continents
A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.
This continent is Antarctica.
train/5339
What is the capital of North Dakota?
[ "Albany", "Bismarck", "Fargo", "Madison" ]
1
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
Bismarck is the capital of North Dakota.
train/5340
What is the name of the colony shown?
[ "New Jersey", "South Carolina", "North Carolina", "Delaware" ]
0
closed choice
grade8
social science
us-history
Colonial America
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
The colony is New Jersey.
train/5341
Which of the following could Hazel and Scarlett's test show?
[ "if the concrete from each batch took the same amount of time to dry", "if a new batch of concrete was firm enough to use" ]
1
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade6
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5342
Which material is this table made of?
[ "glass", "porcelain" ]
0
closed choice
grade2
natural science
physics
Materials
Identify multiple materials in objects
A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. Some objects are made of just one material. Most nails are made of metal. Other objects are made of more than one material. This hammer is made of metal and wood.
Look at the picture of the table. The table is made of two different materials. The top is made of glass, and the frame is made of metal.
train/5343
Which country is highlighted?
[ "Fiji", "Papua New Guinea", "the Federated States of Micronesia", "the Marshall Islands" ]
2
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
Oceania: geography
Identify and select countries of Oceania
This country is the Federated States of Micronesia.
train/5344
What can Nathan and Reggie trade to each get what they want?
[ "Nathan can trade his tomatoes for Reggie's carrots.", "Nathan can trade his tomatoes for Reggie's broccoli.", "Reggie can trade his broccoli for Nathan's oranges.", "Reggie can trade his almonds for Nathan's tomatoes." ]
1
Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another. Nathan and Reggie open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Nathan nor Reggie got everything that they wanted. The ...
closed choice
grade8
social science
economics
Basic economic principles
Trade and specialization
Look at the table and images. Nathan wants broccoli. Reggie wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.
train/5345
What is the expected ratio of offspring with black fur to offspring with brown fur? Choose the most likely ratio.
[ "2:2", "0:4", "1:3", "4:0", "3:1" ]
3
In a group of rabbits, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele for black fur (F) is dominant over the allele for brown fur (f). This Punnett square shows a cross between two rabbits.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
biology
Genes to traits
Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types
Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a...
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with black fur or brown fur, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fur color trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for black fur, is dominant over the f allele, which is for brown fur...
train/5346
Is plastic a mineral?
[ "yes", "no" ]
1
Plastic has the following properties: solid no fixed crystal structure not a pure substance made in a factory
yes or no
grade6
natural science
earth-science
Rocks and minerals
Identify rocks and minerals
Properties are used to identify different substances. Minerals have the following properties: It is a solid. It is formed in nature. It is not made by organisms. It is a pure substance. It has a fixed crystal structure. If a substance has all five of these properties, then it is a mineral. Look closely at the last thre...
Plastic does not have all the properties of a mineral. So, plastic is not a mineral.
train/5347
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves?
[ "emerald tree boa", "black widow spider" ]
0
Green silver-lines are a type of moth. They are found in Asia and Europe. The is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves. Figure: green silver-line.
closed choice
grade3
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal...
Look at the picture of the green silver-line. The green silver-line has a green body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The emerald tree boa has bright green scales covering its body. It i...
train/5348
Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles?
[ "neither; their concentrations are the same", "Solution A", "Solution B" ]
2
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit...
train/5349
Which property do these four objects have in common?
[ "salty", "stretchy", "shiny" ]
1
Select the best answer.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
physics
Materials
Compare properties of objects
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects...
Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A shiny object reflects a lot of light. You can usually see your reflection in a shiny object. The wool hat is not shiny. Potato chips have a salty taste. The balloon is not salty. A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. All four objects a...
train/5350
Which of the following could Lee's test show?
[ "which design would have the least traffic noise in the concert area", "if at least 20% of the park would be shaded by trees in each design", "which design would have the greatest distance between the concert area and the road" ]
2
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade8
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5351
Which term matches the picture?
[ "kinetic energy", "potential energy" ]
1
Read the text. There are two kinds of energy: kinetic and potential. Kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object. Wind and flowing water both have kinetic energy. Another type of energy is potential energy. There are different types of potential energy. You can think of potential energy as kinds of stored energy. F...
closed choice
grade6
language science
vocabulary
Context clues
Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures
Potential energy is stored energy that is not yet being used. The rubber band of a pulled-back slingshot has potential energy. It could be released, causing it to propel forward.
train/5352
Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web?
[ "bobcat", "pine vole", "silver maple", "black racer" ]
1
Below is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
biology
Ecological interactions
Interpret food webs I
A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho...
Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The silver maple does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the silver maple is not a primary consumer. The beaver has an arrow pointing to it from the silver maple. The silver maple is a producer, so th...
train/5353
Which of the following could Ruben's test show?
[ "if at least 20% of the park would be shaded by trees in each design", "which design would have the least traffic noise in the concert area", "which design would have the greatest distance between the concert area and the road" ]
2
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade7
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5354
Select the organism in the same genus as the Chinese alligator.
[ "Ulex europaeus", "Alligator sinensis", "Miscanthus sinensis" ]
1
This organism is a Chinese alligator. Its scientific name is Alligator sinensis.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
biology
Classification and scientific names
Use scientific names to classify organisms
Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...
A Chinese alligator's scientific name is Alligator sinensis. The first word of its scientific name is Alligator. This organism and the Chinese alligator are in the same genus and the same species! Both organisms have the same scientific name, Alligator sinensis. Ulex europaeus is in the genus Ulex. The first word of it...
train/5355
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
[ "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1." ]
2
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
physics
Magnets
Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,...
The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a smaller distance between magnets, the magni...
train/5356
Which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles?
[ "Solution B", "neither; their concentrations are the same", "Solution A" ]
2
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each purple ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the purple particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of purple particles, look at both the number of purple particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of purple particles per mill...
train/5357
What is the capital of Colorado?
[ "Colorado Springs", "Phoenix", "Denver", "Boulder" ]
2
closed choice
grade4
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify the 50 state capitals
Denver is the capital of Colorado.
train/5358
What is the capital of North Dakota?
[ "Lansing", "Fargo", "Springfield", "Bismarck" ]
3
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
Bismarck is the capital of North Dakota.
train/5359
Is the water in a fishbowl a solid or a liquid?
[ "a solid", "a liquid" ]
1
closed choice
grade2
natural science
physics
States of matter
Classify matter as solid or liquid
Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own. Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break. A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid. When matter is a li...
The water in a fishbowl is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour water from a fishbowl into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water will still take up the same amount of space.
train/5360
Complete the sentence. The Taupo Volcanic Zone formed at a () boundary.
[ "convergent", "transform", "divergent" ]
0
Read the passage and look at the picture. The Taupo Volcanic Zone is located on New Zealand’s North Island. This volcanic zone is part of a volcanic arc that formed as the Pacific Plate moved toward and subducted below the Indo-Australian Plate. This area has many volcanoes that have been erupting periodically for thou...
closed choice
grade8
natural science
earth-science
Plate tectonics
Describe tectonic plate boundaries around the world
The outer layer of Earth is broken up into many pieces called tectonic plates, or simply plates. The breaks between plates are called plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are classified by the way the plates are moving relative to each other: At a divergent boundary, two plates are moving away from each other. At a trans...
To figure out what type of plate boundary formed the Taupo Volcanic Zone, you need to know how the tectonic plates interacted. To find this out, read the passage carefully. The Taupo Volcanic Zone is located on New Zealand’s North Island. This volcanic zone is part of a volcanic arc that formed as the Pacific Plate mov...
train/5361
Which of these continents does the equator intersect?
[ "North America", "Africa", "Antarctica" ]
1
closed choice
grade4
social science
geography
Maps
Use lines of latitude and longitude
Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit...
The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect North America or Antarctica.
train/5362
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
[ "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1." ]
2
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.
closed choice
grade3
natural science
physics
Magnets
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You c...
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger. The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
train/5363
What is the expected ratio of offspring that have albinism to offspring that do not have albinism? Choose the most likely ratio.
[ "2:2", "1:3", "3:1", "0:4", "4:0" ]
1
This passage describes the albinism trait in rats: Albinism is a trait in many animals that prevents the production of melanin. Melanin is a pigment that colors the skin, eyes, hair, and other body parts. The more melanin an animal has, the darker its body parts are. Rats with albinism lack melanin, so they often have ...
closed choice
grade8
natural science
biology
Genes to traits
Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types
Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a...
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring that do or do not have albinism, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the albinism trait. The question tells you that the A allele, which is for not having albinism, is dominant over the a allele, which is ...
train/5364
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
[ "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1.", "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2." ]
0
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
physics
Magnets
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same. So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.
train/5365
Will these magnets attract or repel each other?
[ "repel", "attract" ]
1
Two magnets are placed as shown.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
physics
Magnets
Identify magnets that attract or repel
Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces. Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (...
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
train/5366
Select the amphibian below.
[ "fruit bat", "fire salamander", "box turtle", "gharial" ]
1
Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. Amphibians are cold-blooded. The body temperature of cold-blooded animals depends on their environment. A cane toad is an example of an amphibian.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Classification
Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians
Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.
A fire salamander is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Fire salamanders can release poison from their skin. This poison helps protect them from predators. A gharial is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Gharials are a type of crocodile. Gharials live near rivers and eat fish. A box tu...
train/5367
In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the earthworm?
[ "Arctic fox", "mushroom", "grizzly bear", "lichen" ]
0
Below is a food web from a tundra ecosystem in Nunavut, a territory in Northern Canada. A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
biology
Ecological interactions
Interpret food webs II
A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho...
Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the earthworm.There is one path matter can take from the Arctic fox to the earthworm: Arctic fox->earthworm. mushroom. No arrows point from the mushroom to any other organisms. So, in this food web, ...
train/5368
Which ocean is highlighted?
[ "the Indian Ocean", "the Arctic Ocean", "the Pacific Ocean", "the Atlantic Ocean" ]
0
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
Physical Geography
Oceans and continents
Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Indian Ocean.
train/5369
Which of the following could Eli's test show?
[ "how long it would take the sample fabric to dry after it absorbed one drop of water", "how much athletes would sweat in the fabric", "if the sample fabric would absorb one drop of water in less than one second" ]
0
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade7
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5370
What is the capital of Kansas?
[ "Wichita", "Kansas City", "Columbus", "Topeka" ]
3
closed choice
grade4
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
Topeka is the capital of Kansas.
train/5371
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().
[ "each salmon . . . the surroundings", "the surroundings . . . each salmon" ]
1
Zachary lit the charcoal in his grill to cook two identical salmon. He put one fish on the left half of the grill and one fish on the right half of the grill. This table shows how the temperature of each salmon changed over 6minutes.
closed choice
grade7
natural science
physics
Thermal energy
Compare thermal energy transfers
A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy: An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings. A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th...
The temperature of each salmon increased, which means that the thermal energy of each salmon increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each salmon.
train/5372
Which of the following could Tanvi's test show?
[ "whether producing more insulin would help the bacteria grow faster", "whether she added enough nutrients to help the bacteria produce 20% more insulin", "whether different types of bacteria would need different nutrients to produce insulin" ]
1
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques...
closed choice
grade8
natural science
science-and-engineering-practices
Engineering practices
Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions
People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured. Imagine an engineer needs to design a...
train/5373
Is a plate a solid or a liquid?
[ "a liquid", "a solid" ]
1
closed choice
grade2
natural science
physics
States of matter
Classify matter as solid or liquid
Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own. Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break. A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid. When matter is a li...
A plate is a solid. If someone drops a plate, it may break into pieces. But each piece will still have a size and shape of its own.
train/5374
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
[ "weather", "climate" ]
0
Figure: Munich. Munich, a city in Germany, received heavy snow on November 22, 1999. Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
earth-science
Weather and climate
Weather and climate around the world
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere. Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day. Climate is the pattern of ...
Read the passage carefully. Munich, a city in Germany, received heavy snow on November 22, 1999. This passage tells you about the snowfall in Munich on November 22, 1999. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
train/5375
Complete the text. The Abbasid (uh-BAH-sid) Caliphate started to rule around () years after the death of Muhammad. The Abbasid caliphs came to power during the Abbasid Revolution, when many different people were unhappy with the way the () caliphs before them ruled.
[ "70 . . . Umayyad", "120 . . . Umayyad", "120 . . . Rightly Guided", "70 . . . Rightly Guided" ]
1
The first empires ruled by Muslim leaders are called caliphates (KAY-lif-ayts). A caliphate was meant to be the main religious and political empire for the Muslim community at that time. Caliphates were ruled by leaders called caliphs (KAY-lifs). There have been many competing caliphates in history. Look at the timelin...
closed choice
grade6
social science
world-history
Islamic empires
Early Islamic caliphates
Look at the table showing the events from the timeline: 632 Muhammad, the founder and most important prophet in the religion of Islam, dies. 632–685 The first four caliphs, called the Rightly Guided Caliphs, rule. 685–750 The Umayyad Caliphate rules. 750–945 The Abbasid Caliphate rules. 910 The Fatimid Caliphate begins...
train/5376
What is the expected ratio of offspring with a hairless body to offspring with a hairy body? Choose the most likely ratio.
[ "3:1", "4:0", "0:4", "2:2", "1:3" ]
3
In a group of deer mice, some individuals have a hairy body and others have a hairless body. In this group, the gene for the body hair trait has two alleles. The allele for a hairless body (b) is recessive to the allele for a hairy body (B). This Punnett square shows a cross between two deer mice.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
biology
Genes to traits
Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types
Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a...
To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a hairless body or a hairy body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body hair trait. The question tells you that the b allele, which is for a hairless body, is recessive to the B allele, which is...
train/5377
What is the name of the colony shown?
[ "North Carolina", "Alabama", "Massachusetts", "Rhode Island" ]
2
closed choice
grade8
social science
us-history
Colonial America
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
The colony is Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Colony included land that would later become the state of Maine. Maine was never its own colony.
train/5378
Which continent is highlighted?
[ "South America", "Europe", "Antarctica" ]
2
closed choice
grade2
social science
geography
Geography
Identify oceans and continents
A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.
This continent is Antarctica.
train/5379
Which of the following organisms is the producer in this food web?
[ "bilberry", "earthworm", "snowy owl" ]
0
Below is a food web from a tundra ecosystem in Nunavut, a territory in Northern Canada. A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem.
closed choice
grade6
natural science
biology
Ecological interactions
Interpret food webs I
A food web is a model. A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho...
Producers do not eat other organisms. So, in a food web, producers do not have arrows pointing to them from other organisms. The snowy owl has an arrow pointing to it, so it is not a producer. The bear sedge does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the bear sedge is a producer. The bilberry does not have any arrows...
train/5380
Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers?
[ "bronzy sunbird", "northern mockingbird" ]
0
Green violetears live in the forests of Central and South America. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. Figure: green violetear.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ...
Look at the picture of the green violetear. The green violetear has a long, thin beak. Its beak is adapted to get nectar out of long flowers. The green violetear's long, thin beak can reach deep into the flowers. Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation. The bronzy sunbird has a long, thin ...
train/5381
What is the capital of California?
[ "Los Angeles", "Salt Lake City", "Sacramento", "San Francisco" ]
2
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the West
Sacramento is the capital of California.
train/5382
What is the capital of Utah?
[ "Provo", "Olympia", "Salt Lake City", "Salem" ]
2
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the West
Salt Lake City is the capital of Utah.
train/5383
Which of these states is farthest north?
[ "Michigan", "Alabama", "Maryland", "Missouri" ]
0
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
Maps
Read a map: cardinal directions
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north...
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Michigan is farthest north.
train/5384
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles?
[ "Solution A", "Solution B", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]
2
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade8
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter. ...
train/5385
Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles?
[ "neither; their concentrations are the same", "Solution B", "Solution A" ]
1
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute.
closed choice
grade6
natural science
chemistry
Solutions
Compare concentrations of solutions
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...
In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill...
train/5386
Select the time the lunchroom is most likely to flood.
[ "when a river next to the school overflows", "during a drought, when there is not much rain" ]
0
Imagine a school is facing a problem caused by flooding. The lunchroom at Sunset Elementary School floods each year. When there is more than one inch of water on the ground outside, water flows under the doors and into the building. Dr. Rogers, the principal, wants to find a way to protect the lunchroom from flooding.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
literacy-in-science
Engineering practices
Evaluate multiple design solutions to prevent flooding
train/5387
What is the Japanese tree frog's scientific name?
[ "Hyla japonica", "Hyla arborea" ]
0
The Japanese tree frog is found in many parts of Japan. It often lives in rice paddies. The Japanese tree frog's scientific name refers to Japan.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Scientific names
Origins of scientific names
When a scientist identifies a new organism, he or she chooses its scientific name. Sometimes, an organism is named after the place where it was first found. Other times, an organism is named after the scientist who first identified it. Or, the scientific name might describe the organism's physical traits. Many of the w...
This organism's scientific name refers to Japan. The word japonica refers to Japan. So, the Japanese tree frog's scientific name is Hyla japonica.
train/5388
Select the organism in the same genus as the plains zebra.
[ "Macropus rufus", "Macropus giganteus", "Equus zebra" ]
2
This organism is a plains zebra. Its scientific name is Equus quagga.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
biology
Scientific names
Use scientific names to classify organisms
Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...
A plains zebra's scientific name is Equus quagga. The first word of its scientific name is Equus. Equus zebra is in the genus Equus. The first word of its scientific name is Equus. So, Equus zebra and Equus quagga are in the same genus. Macropus giganteus is in the genus Macropus. The first word of its scientific name ...
train/5389
What is the capital of New York?
[ "Providence", "Albany", "Montpelier", "Buffalo" ]
1
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
Albany is the capital of New York.
train/5390
Will these magnets attract or repel each other?
[ "repel", "attract" ]
1
Two magnets are placed as shown.
closed choice
grade4
natural science
physics
Magnets
Identify magnets that attract or repel
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south. Here are some examples of magnets. The no...
To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
train/5391
Why is this hummingbird called ruby-throated?
[ "Its throat is made of rubies.", "The feathers on its throat are red, like a ruby.", "It eats rubies." ]
1
This bird is a ruby-throated hummingbird. A ruby is a red mineral.
closed choice
grade2
natural science
literacy-in-science
Animals
Pollinator: ruby-throated hummingbird
Ruby-throated hummingbirds get their name from the ruby-colored feathers on their throat.
train/5392
What is the capital of Washington?
[ "Olympia", "Cheyenne", "Denver", "Seattle" ]
0
closed choice
grade5
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify the 50 state capitals
Olympia is the capital of Washington.
train/5393
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves?
[ "eastern rat snake", "green silver-line" ]
1
Green tree pythons live in the forests of Southeast Asia. The is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves. Figure: green tree python.
closed choice
grade5
natural science
biology
Adaptations
Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings
An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal...
Look at the picture of the green tree python. The green tree python has green scales covering its body. It is adapted to be camouflaged among green leaves. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The green silver-line has a green body. It is adap...
train/5394
Which country is highlighted?
[ "Australia", "Vanuatu", "the Marshall Islands", "Kiribati" ]
0
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
Oceania: geography
Identify and select countries of Oceania
This country is Australia. Is Australia a country or a continent? Both! Australia is a country in Oceania, a region made up of many lands and islands in the Pacific Ocean. Many people say that Australia is the world's smallest continent. But some people call Oceania a continent instead.
train/5395
Which ocean is highlighted?
[ "the Atlantic Ocean", "the Arctic Ocean", "the Pacific Ocean", "the Southern Ocean" ]
1
closed choice
grade6
social science
geography
Physical Geography
Oceans and continents
Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean.
This is the Arctic Ocean.
train/5396
Which continent is highlighted?
[ "Australia", "North America", "Africa", "Asia" ]
1
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
Geography
Identify oceans and continents
A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.
This continent is North America.
train/5397
What is the capital of South Carolina?
[ "Austin", "Tallahassee", "Charleston", "Columbia" ]
3
closed choice
grade4
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
Columbia is the capital of South Carolina.
train/5398
What is the capital of Michigan?
[ "Fargo", "Jefferson City", "Lansing", "Lincoln" ]
2
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
Lansing is the capital of Michigan.
train/5399
What is the capital of Colorado?
[ "Boulder", "Denver", "Colorado Springs", "Carson City" ]
1
closed choice
grade3
social science
geography
State capitals
Identify the 50 state capitals
Denver is the capital of Colorado.