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Methane, a substance which goes hand in hand with life on Earth, has also been found on Mars. At a meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in New Orleans, Louisiana, NASA scientists reported that atmospheric methane on Mars exhibits a surprising variation. Its causes are still unknown. Many things on Earth, fro...
Digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications technology, and those that don't or have restricted access. This technology can include the telephone, television, personal computers and the Internet. Well before the late 20th cen...
Article by Bill Harrower, Lauchlan Fraser and Roy Turkington Grasslands of British Columbia's southern interior mountains provide stunning landscapes and host many of the provinces at risk species of plants and animals. Hot dry sagebrush and bunchgrass ecosystems occupy the valley bottoms and grade to the cool wet gras...
Preparing young people for life beyond school. Different kinds of approaches are used by teachers to ensure effective and meaningful learning-focus activities. The classroom learning setting integrate Biblical truth, build characters and tap on individual abilities, skills and learning styles. Various instructional des...
STORIES FROM THE VAULT: Space Rocks On a February morning in 2013, a meteor traveled through the skies above Russia’s Ural Mountain region. Scientists estimated the meteor had a force 20 times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb, however it exploded at a much higher altitude and the atmosphere acted as a shield. The ...
Earlier posts this month have looked at how toys can help children learn basic skills and concepts. Some of these learnings will help later on with kindergarten readiness but the main point is that young children need to play. A ball appeals to kids of all ages and now with spongy ones, can be used inside not just outs...
These resources link in with our Young Scientists course, particularly activities and concepts we covered in the second half of the course. Planning your own experiments or investigations There’s a free project planner from ‘Upper Grades are Awesome’ on TpT which helps groups of children to plan their science fair proj...
Why do the northern and southern lights only appear near the poles? The formation of the northern and southern lights—known as aurora borealis and aurora australis—begins with solar flares from the sun. The solar flares eject groups of electrons from the sun that act as a wind and flow toward the Earth. When the solar ...
One of the core problems with replacing fossil fuels throughout a modern industrial economy is the difficulty of finding replacement fuels for coal, oil, and natural gas. A new report from researchers at McGill University suggests that powdered metal fuels could be an effective replacement for the fossil fuels we curre...
Music is a core aspect of our life. We don’t have to be musicians to truly appreciate the impact music has on the world around us. Certainly, its nothing that can be ignored. So, learning how to play an instrument, or honing your vocal abilities are all fine skills to acquire. However, the question that often arises is...
Since the outbreak of the Civil War and continuing to the present day, the role of slavery in splitting America has been hotly debated. One may wonder whether there was merely a correlation between slavery and the Civil War or whether slavery was the cause. Investigating the nuances of the issue of slavery reveals that...
Where do we find the oldest continental rocks and the oldest seafloor? The oldest continental rocks are found in cratons. A craton is a stable part of the continental lithosphere, which has survived several cycles responsible for the merge and the dislocation of supercontinents. Cratons are therefore always found withi...
A knowledge of the periodic table is a vital part of GCSE Chemistry. In this quiz we look at the group 1 elements - the alkali metals. After many years of work by many different scientists, the periodic table was devised. The scientist given most credit was a Russian, Dimitri Mendeleev (pronounced Men-dell-ay-ef). He m...
15 Ways to Teach Kids About Money 15 Ways to Teach Kids About Money Brought to you by National PTA® by Paul Richard Introducing Kids to Money Money gives people -- both young and old -- decision-making opportunities. Educating, motivating, and empowering children to become regular savers and investors will enable them ...
At St. Joseph’s, French is taught to all KS2 children as part of the normal school curriculum. In Years 3 and 4, lessons usually last for 30 minutes, once a week. In Years 5 and 6, it is taught for 45 minutes per week. The class teacher normally teaches the class. The Scheme of work that we use is The Catherine Cheater...
Institutions are the architecture of a political system. They define the roles that each actor plays, as well as the interactions between them. Upon these institutions rests the democracy, transparency and efficiency of the political system. This page introduces current EU institutions and proposes a new federal struct...
The basic purpose of inventing the computer was problem-solving. With the growth of the human population, it was literally impossible to manage things on a large scale. For instance, back in 1880, it took more than 7 years to conduct and tabulate the census results for the US population. The manual collection of data w...
Mental math may seem like an ingrained skill that doesn’t require practice or development. But, elementary students who are still growing may lack the capacity to solve math problems in their head. Practicing mental math prepares students for harder math equations and also helps them to solve equations more quickly and...
Balance of trade The balance of trade is the tool used to be able to compare the value that exists between a country's goods and services exports and its importations. When exports are greater than imports, what is known as a trade surplus is presented and this situation is seen by most nations as a favorable balance o...
Geologic time is another kind of magic. Who can conceive of those extraordinary spans of time? It takes a little over three years to equal 100 million seconds in our everyday existence. Three years worth of seconds is hard to grasp. Now think of those seconds as years. Can you imagine 100 million years? Maybe not, but ...
An infestation by a tiny, eight-legged burrowing mite known as Sarcoptes scabies is called scabies. The scabies mite burrows into the skin and lays eggs which leads towards tiny blisters and bumps. This does not stop at this but causes intense itching in its existing area and the urge to scratch reaches at peak during ...
Climate change has a major impact on the world’s icy glaciers found on Antarctica and in the Arctic, of which Greenland’s glaciers are some of them. Scientists have found that melting glaciers on Greenland have exposed huge amounts of sand deposits, which could have unexpected economical benefits for that country. If s...
Islanders from Vanuatu and the Bay of Bengal have already been forced to move as a result of sea-level rise while many island communities in Alaska – in the face of fierce storms and rapid coastal erosion – are contemplating a move inland. Five main climate change-related factors, some interlinked, threaten the viabili...
Posted on May 26, 2016 Primary sources have been called snippets of history – small windows that show a picture of one moment in time. A letter, a memoir, a personal account – each provides a unique, often personal perspective. And when they are put together in a meaningful way, they create a full and rich picture of h...
Local People, Far Places About this Guide This guide is for students in Years 3 and 4.. The resources here will help students find out about the places that the people who live in our community come from. They will also explore how the people in different communities live, learn, work, eat, play and celebrate. This wil...
\|Santa Catalina Island\| Like all wild animals, island fox reproduction is impacted by the amount of local resources–food, water and territory. As endangered populations of island foxes have recovered, there have been several years where female foxes have had large litters of pups. Typically two pups are born in a litte...
Just like humans, animal babies that grow inside their mothers receive everything they need to develop within the safe confines of the womb through an umbilical cord that collects some of the oxygen that the mother breathes, along with other forms of nourishment. However, when it comes animals (like chickens) that grow...
ICT in many schools is treated as an independent part of the curriculum with pupils trained in a computer lab to use computer applications as an office worker might use computer software as part of their daily routine. Many topics that form part of the curriculum are suitable for teaching as part of a computer programm...
This page is to help you at home listen, develop and encourage your child’s reading. Nothing can replace personal contact, so if there is anything else you want to know or discuss, please don’t hesitate to ask one of your class teacher. One way in which children get better at reading is through lots of practice. By hea...
Women have faced myriad challenges in the society. These challenges have influenced their perception of gender issues, and how they affect women. Women have been subjected to a lot of subordination and domination due to the prevalence of patriarchal practices in several societies. “Feminism refers to a group of movemen...
In the ancient Rome, the Roman assemblies were made. When the city of Rome was founded, the Senate and the assembly, both of them were also constituted. The curing assembly was the main legislative assembly at the time of the Roman Empire. Its primary purpose was to elect the kings who will rule, but along with this th...
FRIENDSHIP - Explore the concept of friendship and the importance of making friends for developing a sense of belonging and a sense of self. YOU WILL NEED Knowledge and understanding of: The Convention on the Rights of the Child Poster paper for Friendship Poster Pens, markers, colouring pencils Children's Book Who Are...
Lithosphere - Folding and Faulting When the rocks are subjected to horizontal compression forces, the rocks get folded . This is called Folding . Causes of the folding- - Folding occurs through compression. - Folding is generally seen in mountain region. - Folding often takes place in sedimentary rocks as they are more...
Data and statistics Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus, spread via the faecal-oral route. Most human infections are caused by group A rotaviruses, which can be subdivided into strains based on two surface antigens (VP4 and VP7). This antigenic structure can change through mechanisms including antigenic shift and ...
A federal system of government, such as in the United States, divides power and responsibilities between the national government and state governments. At first glance, the U.S. Constitution appears to make this division clear. The supremacy clause contained in Article VI declares federal laws, treaties, and the U.S. C...
Long vowels are used to refer to the vowel sounds whose pronunciation is the same as its letter name. Long vowel sounds are also called ‘alphabet sounds.’ They are called long vowel sounds because we hold them longer than short vowel sounds. But long vowels are not a longer version of short vowels. Long and short vowel...
Technology is transforming how students learn, teachers teach, administrators manage and parents connect. Digital Citizenship helps students, teachers, technology leaders and parents to understand how to use technology appropriately. Digital Citizenship helps to prepare technology users for a society full of technology...
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ranks fifth on the American Library Association's list of the 100 most frequently challenged books of the 1990's. This well-known American novel by Mark Twain has been a controversial book since it was first published in the 1880's. The current debate centers around whether or not it ...
Sharks have traditionally been considered to be mindless killing machines, designed exclusively for hunting, but current scientific research is showing that these perfectly adapted cartilaginous fish are indeed intelligent and are capable of exhibiting problem-solving skills. The complex social behaviors of many shark ...
The equilibrium income of an economy is the point where consumers' expected spending matches their actual spending. In other words, companies sell as much of their inventories as they plan to. When consumer's aggregate expenditures start to exceed the gross domestic product, also known as GDP, the GDP rises, and when i...
The capillary is the smallest human blood vessel and contributes to the so-called microcirculation. The thickness of its inner wall layer is only one cell. These microvessels have a diameter of 5 - 10 μm and connect arteries with veins and provide for the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and many other nutrien...
Study skills are essential for students to achieve academic success, but incorporating these foundational skills into jam-packed school days can be challenging. Here are four ideas for weaving study skills into daily instruction: Open a dialogue around goal-setting and prioritizing. The beginning of the school year pro...
1: The student conducts classroom and outdoor investigations, following home and school safety procedures and environmentally appropriate and ethical practices. 1.A: demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations; and 2: ...
Wiping sweat from her face, ecologist Catherine Cardelùs inches her way up a massive tree in the Costa Rican rainforest, pushing aside tangled vines as she climbs through the understory. Her rope disappears into the thick green above. Thirty minutes later, abdominal muscles screaming, she reaches the canopy and swings ...
Family has a broad definition and means something different to each child. Look for lesson plans that highlight your child's unique family and all the other types of families they'll encounter in life. Family Lesson Plan Objectives Preschool lesson plans incorporate common themes, such as family, to help kids learn abo...
Working and Playing with Words Remember how we were taught to decipher new words we encountered when reading? I can still hear my teachers saying, “Just sound it out!” Fortunately, we are now seeing dramatic and exciting changes in the teaching of spelling and word recognition. The field of “word study” provides studen...
Reading and writing Children learn to read and write at different rates. Some children will have particular problems with reading and writing. This can affect their learning overall. Sometimes this is called Dyslexia. Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that mostly affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word ...
What would you do to stop hate in your town? What does it mean to live in a safe and welcoming community? These are important questions for your students to ponder during Bullying Prevention Month (October) and as they settle into the new school year. This lesson plan based on the documentary, “Not In Our Town: Light i...
What is blood clot? A clot is a blood clot that changes from a liquid to a gel-like or semi-aggregate state. Clotting is an essential process that can prevent you from losing too much blood in some cases, such as when you are injured or bitten. Some blood clots are formed inside your nerves without a good reason and do...
all Science worksheets by Subject Be a shadow detective! Place an object outside and record how the height and width of the shadow cast by the object changes throughout the day. Record them on this sheet. Look at some pictures of different animals. Compare yourself to them. What do you have that is the same as a given ...
I. What is a Homograph? A homograph is one of two or more words which are spelled identically but which have completely separate meaning, origin, and possibly pronunciation. This is revealed by the combination of “homo,” meaning same, and “graph,” meaning written. II. Examples of a Homograph Because these two (or more)...
Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text’s major themes. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland takes place in Alice’s dream, so that the characters and phenomena of the real world mix with elements of Alice’s unconscious state. The dream motif explains the ...
What is a central bank? 10 July 2015 A central bank is a public institution that manages the currency of a country or group of countries and controls the money supply – literally, the amount of money in circulation. The main objective of many central banks is price stability. In some countries, central banks are also r...
It was not until the middle of the 19th century that anyone was conducting what would turn out to be conclusive and irrefutable work in the mechanisms underlying human genetics, both in the short term (inheritance, or the passing of traits from parents to offspring) and over the long term (evolution, or shifts in the a...
Bulbs have some characteristics to distinguish them from tubers and corms. Most bulbs such as daffodils, tulips and hyacinths often have a papery skin or tunic on the outside like an onion. The tunic helps protect the bulb from drying. Some bulbs like for example lilies do not have a tunic which means that they dry out...
Lands managed by indigenous people possess the greatest levels of biodiversity. This is according to a study led by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and published in the journal Environmental Science & Policy. The team compared levels of biodiversity in 15,621 areas across three of the largest co...
This article will also appear in the Fall 2019 issue of Western Pennsylvania History magazine. The Meadowcroft Rockshelter is a world-renowned archaeological site and a National Historic Landmark. It is an ideal campsite protected by a sandstone ledge high above Cross Creek. Prehistoric people camped there at least 19,...
Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation. A radio wave has a much longer wavelength than visible light. Humans use radio waves extensively for communications. The wavelengths of radio waves range from a few millimeters (tenths of inches) to hundreds of kilometers (hundreds of miles). Visible light, for compa...
Lipids can be described as hydrophobic molecules that are soluble in organic solvents (Berg, Stryer, & Tymoczko, 2010). Lipids are important because they are used to store energy, act as structural components for cell membranes, and play a significant role in signal-transduction pathways. There are several classes of l...
- Page ID The Nature of Regolith What is regolith? The term regolith is used for the layer or mantle of fragmental and unconsolidated rock and mineral material, whether residual or transported, that rests on bedrock. One might quibble that the definition excludes fragmental material that happens to be locally cemented ...
Research has found that peer mediation is one of the most effective approaches for supporting the inclusion of children, and the development of social skills. Peer mediation is particularly relevant for children who find joining in or engaging with peers challenging, such as children with autism. So what is peer mediat...
Pretty much everyone has heard of the “Black Death”: the plague that wiped out almost 200 million people in Europe during the mid 14th century. For a time, 20th century archaeologists and historians debated the true effects of the plague, wondering whether or not the scale had been largely exaggerated. If the plague ha...
We live in a dangerous universe. We know about meteor and comets, about harmful radiation that could extinguish life without an electromagnetic shield, about major changes in climate that are both natural and man-made. There’s another risk out there that some scientists assert could cause large-scale extinctions even t...
Anthropologists have found that polyandry—the union of one woman and more than one man—is a rarity in humans. Across thousands of studied societies, just a few dozen polyandrous cultures exist, widely scattered around the world. For the most part, the guess is that cultural factors are at work. Among rodents, however, ...
Conservation efforts and institutions that protect the Galapagos Islands The Islas Galapagos (official Spanish name of the Islands), as they came to be known in nearby South America after their discovery, had enjoyed millions of years of isolation in the Pacific Ocean until one fateful day in 1535. Almost completely by...
Europa, a moon that orbits Jupiter, looks like an inert icy ball from the outside. However, many astronomers theorize that there is an Earth-like ocean underneath the crust. This crust could also be hiding energy sources. Therefore, conditions for life may indeed exist on Europa! A team of scientists recently re-evalua...
SIOP is an evidence-based model for designing and delivering content instruction to English Language Learners. This blog post covers the basics of SIOP and how it can benefit your students. Checkout this video: SIOP stands for Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol. This protocol is an instructional model that is d...
Science:MATH105 Probability/Lesson 1 DRV/1.04 The Expected Value of a Discrete PDF For an experiment or general random process, the outcomes are never fixed. We may replicate the experiment and generally expect to observe many different outcomes. Of course, in most reasonable circumstances we will expect these observed...
So dense that their gravitational pull folds space around them and any object crossing their “event horizon” is swallowed up forever, black holes even consume any light that gets too close. These monstrous objects distort the paths of bodies far beyond their event horizons, and they grow by taking in interstellar gas a...
A fine textured Ancient Temple 3D model. Usually, temples were considered home to the gods or kings to whom they were dedicated. In them, the Egyptians carried out all sorts of religious rituals, made offerings to the gods, reproducing scenes from mythology during various holidays, and performed actions aimed at assign...
Write 6 pages with APA style on The Theory Forms by Plato. To him, conditions were universal and comprised the real world. The visible ones are just particulars, a mimicry of the real things. . He believed that people perceive reality differently from what it is. Plato believed that what people think is reality, is not...
The North American porcupine is the second largest of all rodents. Porcupines have small heads and chunky bodies and grow up to 25 to 40 inches long from head to tail. The tail can grow as long as 8 inches. The male and female are approximately the same size and can weigh between 10 and 40 pounds. The front of a porcup...
Transgender, or Trans: means someone whose gender differs from the one they were given when they were born. Transgender people may identify as male or female, or they may feel that neither label fits them. The term Trans is inclusive of the Trans umbrella, but not limited to, identities such as: Trans is used to descri...
How do babies grow? Before knowing how babies grow, let us know where they grow? Babies grow in a particular organ in the woman’s body called the womb. The womb is also referred to as the uterus. Uterus is a female organ which has the ability to stretch as the baby grows. Babies are connected to their mother through pl...
What's in the Sky The sky we see is always changing. The Sun, Moon, planets, and stars rise and set each day as the Earth rotates. They also change their relative positions in the sky depending on the time of the month or year. We can predict their motions and know where to look. Less frequently, but just as predictabl...
New research from the University of Colorado Boulder, published in Nature Chemistry, details how a class of durable plastics widely used in the aerospace and microelectronics industries can be chemically broken down into their most basic building blocks and then formed once again into the same material. It’s a major st...
Since race and racism are intricately related this lesson focuses on both of them. Race: a way of dividing people by physical or genetic characteristics Racism: Treating someone different because of their race Required reading for the adult(s): Teaching for Change Teaching Young Children about Race – Teaching for Chang...
the first state constitution was written in Williamsburg, as the Fifth State Convention met in the Capitol Source: Library of Virginia, First Virginia Constitution, June 29, 1776 Prior to 1776, there was no written constitution establishing any limits on the power of colonial government in Virginia. There was no indepe...
Children can’t progress in learning without mastering the basics first. Learning is cumulative, like walking up a flight of stairs. We take stairs one at a time because we can’t jump from one storey of the house to another. Similarly, children need to learn certain foundational skills in reading and mathematics before ...
Water: Rivers & Streams Small streams, including those that don’t flow all of the time, make up the majority of the country’s waters. They could be a drizzle of snowmelt that runs down a mountainside crease, a small spring-fed pond, or a depression in the ground that fills with water after every rain and overflows into...
Dartmouth was founded in 1750 when the ship, The Alderney, arrived with 353 settlers from Britain. The settlers arrived with hopes and dreams of a new and better way of life. Long before the arrival of the Alderney, the lands we now call Dartmouth were once the hunting and fishing grounds of the indigenous Mi’kmaq peop...
10 Edges of Music Lessons Infographic Learning to play, perform, and understand instruments will help you or your children amplify the skills desired for social intelligence, as well as academic intelligence. 1. Academic Skills Music and math are directly related when it comes to measuring scales, following the beat, a...
In 1797 the Tennessee General Assembly created Cocke County from Jefferson County, naming the new county in honor of William Cocke, a Revolutionary War soldier who supported the establishment of the State of Franklin, helped write Tennessee’s first state constitution, and served as one of the state’s initial U.S. senat...
Coral reefs are among the ecosystems most severely threatened by global warming, but hopeful new evidence has emerged that some coral species may be able to adapt to warmer oceans. In a study published in the journal PLoS One, an international team of researchers reports that coral populations which unexpectedly surviv...
Phonics is the study of relationships that exist between phonemes, the sounds of spoken language, and graphemes, the letters that represent them. In the alphabetic stage of reading, children begin to recognize the systematic and predictable letter-sound correspondences of the English language. While many children deduc...
As 1942 began, the Americans had joined World War II and the Battle of the Atlantic began to intensify. German U-boats were picking off merchant ships at an alarming rate. From January 13 to February 6, Hitler's wolfpacks dropped 157,000 tonnes of Allied shipping to the bottom of the ocean — and without incurring a sin...
Motion has no meaning with out a coordinate system. Indeed, physics can't be described without a coordinate system and measurements don't mean anything without a coordinate system. Events don't occur without a coordinate system because an event is something that occurs at a specific time in a specific place. For instan...
Talking to Your Fifth-Grader about Social Studies - Watch the television news together on occasion. Let the events on the news -- human interest stories, hurricanes, elections, and the peoples and circumstances of other countries -- become a basis for conversation. You might also watch documentaries about historical fi...
Computer accessibility (also known as accessible computing) refers to the accessibility of a computer system to all people, regardless of disability type or severity of impairment. The term accessibility is most often used in reference to specialized hardware or software, or a combination of both, designed to enable th...
the replacement of one ruling group with another a resistance to authority; often an armed uprising against a government Lexington and Concord Massachusetts towns that were the sites of outbreak of the American Revolution plantation owner who took command of the Continental Army in 1775- eventually 1st president of the...
Antarctica is nature's forensic freezer, preserving records of the past in layers of largely unsullied ice and snow that scientists have dug up to explore past geologic and atmospheric conditions. The southernmost continent has also proved an ideal hunting ground for meteorites, which stand out atop ice sheets and snow...
Crito: Biography: Plato Plato, a legendary Athenian philosopher, lived from 429 to 347 B.C. Since Socrates didn't write anything himself, his influence and philosophy is mainly known through his pupil, Plato, who eventually surpassed his teacher through influential ideas of his own. Since Plato inherited a sizable fort...
Since many ancestors of Americans were foreign born, naturalization records are another a source of genealogical information that you might want to investigate. Naturalization is the process through which a foreign born person becomes a citizen of the United States and is eligible to vote. Not all immigrants became cit...
The giant B-15A iceberg has menaced the Drygalski Ice Tongue since December 2004. At 122 kilometers (76 miles) in length by 28 kilometers (17 miles) in width, the bullying iceberg charged with great momentum towards the ice tongue, threatening to shatter the floating extension of the Davis Glacier. A scant five kilomet...
Connecting Top-Down Theories of the Reading Process and Whole-Word Reading Instructional Practices Top-Down Theories of the Reading Process - Duirng reading and learning to read, language is processed from the whole to the parts, as in taking a completed jigsaw puzzle apart. - Learning to read is based on "the whole is...
Why do dolphins jump? Actually, they jump (also called a bow) for a number of reasons. If captive, they may jump because this behavior has been reinforced with rewards such as food or by the trainer providing positive reinforcement such as applause, a high five, or a tap on the rostrum. As a natural behavior they jump ...
Five Forty-Five Minute Class Periods The learners will: - define the words “fable” and “moral.” - recognize the “moral” of a children’s story and interpret the author’s message. - determine the moral/positive messages in Aesop’s Fables. - compare the story line of children’s literature to real life situations. - identi...
A human is comprised on 206 bones including cartilages, joints and strap-like ligaments that play a central role in keeping or holding all bones together. Human bones are based on the skeleton system which is divided into different parts including axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. Axial skeleton includes verteb...
Students will analyze the visual art principles and refine their use of expository writing. Interpreting Abstract Art Time Alloted60 - 90 Minutes State Content Standards ARTISTIC PERCEPTION: 1.1 Describe the environment and selected works of art, using the elements of art and the principles of design. CREATIVE EXPRESSI...
Herpes simplex virus infection causes recurring episodes of small, painful, fluid-filled blisters on the skin, mouth, lips (cold sores), eyes, or genitals. There are two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV): HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 is the usual cause of cold sores on the lips (herpes labialis) and sores on the cornea of ...

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