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The 1920s were a period of dramatic changes. More than half of all Americans now lived in cities and the growing affordability of the automobile made people more mobile than ever. Although the decade was known as the era of the Charleston dance craze, jazz, and flapper fashions, in many respects it was also quite conse...
Objective: Act 1, Scene 1 The play is set primarily in England in the 1940s and 1950s. The objective of this lesson is to explore local color and its impact on the story. 1) Lead the class in a discussion about local color. Begin with a definition and ask the class to validate their understanding by offering examples f...
Introduce your math class to the perimeter of a circle. Teach them that pi describes the relationship between the circumference and the diameter. As a hands-on investigation, pairs or small groups use string to compare these two values on different circles that you provide (Consider a cookie, pizza, paper plate, etc.)....
Be Magnanimous Game Helps Build Spelling and Vocab Skills. How many words can you make by scrambling the letters in the phrase: “Be Magnanimous”? Cut out the letter pieces on the dotted lines. Begin by arranging the pieces to spell the words: “Be Magnanimous.” Ask players to make as many words of two or more letters us...
Geosciences graduate student Chad Martin collected rocks in Utah to understand how the Willard Thrust Fault formed. Photo courtesy of Chad Martin.When rocks move along a fault plane, they often grind along each other as solids in what’s known as “brittle deformation.” When they’re moving against each other deep beneath...
http://www.intellectualventures.com/docs/terrappower/IV_Introducing TWR_3_6_09.pdf The Future of Nuclear Energy Intellectual Ventures has launched an effort to design nuclear energy reactors that improve on those in operation today. Known as TerraPower, the project has produced preliminary designs for a new class of nu...
Although most of the products that are made today use some digital component, analog is still viable. In order to convert analog signals to be understood by digital components, they must be converted into ones and zeros. If you think about how computers were initially made, it was the only way to communicate informatio...
A Shredding We Will Go After studying the process of composting, learners will recycle paper from their school to be taken to a compost pile in a local nursery. A return visit to the nursery will show students how their paper has become part of the compost pile and is no longer recognizable as the shredded paper they b...
In March 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake struck off the coast of Japan. The center of the quake was about 70 kilometers east of Tohoku, Japan. The quake was the most powerful to hit Japan in recorded history. The earthquake triggered a tsunami or seismic wave. At its highest points, the tsunami was over 40 meters high. ...
March 9, 2017 report Evidence found of ostriches in India 25,000 years ago A team of researchers with members from several institutions in India has found evidence of ostrich relatives living in India as far back as 25,000 years ago. In their paper uploaded to the open access site PLOS ONE, the group describes finding ...
In simple terms Amnesia means loss of memory. When a person does not recollect data stored in his mind, it is known as Amnesia. Normally it is natural for a person to remember the past and act accordingly in future, on the basis of his past experience. Amnesia also refers to debility to recall information stored in the...
Diarrhea disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. It is both preventable and treatable. Each year diarrhea kills around 525 000 children under five. A significant proportion of diarrhea disease can be prevented through safe drinking-water and adequate sanitation and hygiene. Global...
The Unique Idea of the American Constitution Our Constitution embodied a UNIQUE IDEA. Nothing like it had ever been done before. The power of the idea was in the recognition that people's rights are granted directly by the Creator - not by the state - and that the people, then, and only then, grant rights to government...
Erosion is the loss of the surface of the tooth Especially the enamel – caused by acid attack. This is different from bacterial acid attack which we call tooth decay. Enamel is the hard outer surface of the tooth seen when we smile and it protects the sensitive dentine underneath. Erosion of the enamel can lead to expo...
Designing Brain-Friendly Lessons for Students Have you ever been in the middle of teaching a lesson, and refer to something students learned days, weeks or months prior, and get this response-- “I’ve never learned that!” or “You never taught us how to do that!” I can’t tell you how many times in my 16-year career I’ve ...
1680 – 1830 The first wave of settlers to the area was a very diverse mix, but the majority was of German decent. Most of the earliest settlers in Germantown were a wide variety of artisans including weavers, paper makers, carpenters and farmers and millers. The area served as an important outpost and battle ground for...
It may seem odd to be discussing coral reefs in a section about geology, but due to the stony calcium carbonate skeletons secreted by many coral species, coral reefs are as interesting as geological features as they are biological ones. Corals grow best in warm, clear, tropical water, that is close enough to the surfac...
Chalcid, common name for any of a large group of parasitic insects, also called chalcid wasp or chalcidfly. Tens of thousands of species exist throughout the world, many of which have not been classified. Typical species rarely measure more than 2.5 mm (more than 0.1 in) in length. These include the smallest known inse...
The main difference is that Procedure is a standard process or way of doing certain things and usually the function is result of that process or the goal which was set to achieve through performing certain procedures. For example the function of knife is to cut and the procedure of cutting is performed by holding the k...
Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a law of the United States. It made it easier for African-Americans and non-English speaking citizens to vote. In some parts of the United States, people were forced to pay a poll tax or take a literacy test before being allowed to vote. This process kept many ...
Vaccines: How They Protect Us Although vaccination has been a hot topic in recent news, the study of vaccination goes back to around 1,000 years ago. Early records of smallpox immunization, called variolation, can be dated back to 1000 CE in China. Variolation was a practice that involved taking material (usually part ...
130 million years ago, two neutron stars spiraled into one another resulting in an enormous explosion that sent ripples barrelling through the universe. These ripples finally came ripping through the Earth on August 17, 2017 and were detected by LIGO/Virgo as a gravitational wave gently squeezing our planet. LIGO/Virgo...
How were the crew treated? Slave ships’ captains had a reputation for hardness. This varied from ship to ship, but the captain did have absolute power over the ship and his men. The captain could whip, flog and otherwise punish crew members as he wished. Even minor faults could be harshly punished by the captain. Many ...
We live in a reality that forces us to constantly be learning, developing skills and abilities that allow ourselves to adapt to new social, cultural and professional environments. Developing skills of learning to learn should be one of the main objectives in the educational system. Knowing these techniques of studying,...
To encourage tolerance Suitable for Key Stage 2 To encourage tolerance. Preparation and materials (These can add impact, but the assembly can be used without them.) - Display a montage of newspaper headlines about conflicts with a religious undertone. This needs to be assembled over a period of time to give variety. - ...
The Korean War was the USA’s first major military venture following the Second World War. From 1950 to 1953 the USA alongside many allies fought under the auspices of the United Nations to resist aggression and then to roll back the encroachment of communism in the Korean Peninsula. The USA could justify their claims t...
The Dominican Republic declared independence from Haiti on February 27, 1844, following a war of independence. In 1822, Haiti invaded the Dominican Republic, then known as Spanish Haiti. The Dominican government agreed to merge with Haiti under the Haitian president, laws, and administrative system. At the time Haiti w...
The mosquito is one of the deadliest animals worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. They transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, West Nile virus, and Zika. They’re responsible for millions of deaths each year, and the strategies to control outbreaks are limited, even in the...
While Holmes's major passion was finding absolutes for geological time, he was also knowledgeable about other subjects. In 1915 German meteorologist Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) proposed the theory of continental drift, suggesting all the continents once were part of an enormous supercontinent that broke into pieces lead...
Snow on Ice: Ice above, warm water below #5 As we travel among the Thwaites menagerie of giant icebergs, it’s hard to believe that a thousand feet below the ship sits warm water. This ocean layer, moving slowly toward the base of the ice deep beneath the floating ice shelves has led to faster ice flow, thinning, and mo...
The Revolt of Pontiac and the American Invasion The Arrival of the Loyalists A New Population Caption: Men of the King's Royal Regiment of New York settling in Johnstown in 1784 For Canadians of French descent who still had hoped that Canada, with the exception of the Maritime colonies, would be returned to France, the...
How do standards translate into teaching and learning? Course curriculum is designed by reviewing the Common Core State Standards, ACT College Readiness Standards, and discipline-specific standards like those outlined by the National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE). These standards are then synthesized into the m...
Scientists have long been aware of a forest’s ability to absorb carbon, but a new US study has discovered trees that emit methane. LONDON, 21 April, 2017 – In the great climate change challenge, forests play a key role in absorbing atmospheric carbon. But trees – at least in some cases – are also a source of greenhouse...
Superhero play an important part of growing up Many parents will remember those months or years when their three-year-old boy or girl refused to leave the house without a Batman cape and a bike helmet. Dressing up as a superhero is a form of imaginative or dramatic play in which children use costumes, figurines or othe...
The Earth is made of rock. The term rock means a collection of minerals within a matrix. A mineral is a naturally occurring compound or sometimes element that always has the same chemical composition no matter where it is found. A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals, and depending on what conditions under whic...
Building Empathy in Children and Teens - Tip Sheet How can we help young people develop affective empathy? The best approach depends on how old they are. Children begin to understand empathy as toddlers, but at this stage they are so completely “in the moment” that the best approach is to watch out for situations where...
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Join Britannica's Publishing Partner Program and our community of experts to gain a global audience for your work! - Introduction & Quick Facts - Government and society - Cultural life Nunavut, vast territory of northern Canada th...
Nosema Disease in Bees Nosema disease is caused by one of two fungi named Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Nosema are spore forming, fungus-like, intra-cellular parasites of honey bees and other specific hosts (Nosema bombi in bumble bees). Bees ingest Nosema spores which germinate in the midgut (digestive tract). The f...
Massive heatwaves have hit all but two of Earth’s continents. Luckily for the penguins, it’s still cold in Antarctica. But, not as cold as it used to be. The levels of sea ice are the eighth-smallest they’ve been since records began in 1979. The arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet and sea ice leve...
Video downloaded from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3Z1cxA2Tp0 The Sound-Induced Flash illusion is a cross-modal effect. This is an effect in which what is processed or experienced in one sensory modality affect what is processed or experienced in another. In the Sound-Induced Flash illusion, what you visually exper...
Are animals sentient? Can they feel? Do they react to their environment in the same way as humans? Anyone who has ever interacted with an animal must surely find it difficult to believe that they are not aware of their surroundings or experiencing emotions but it difficult to prove scientifically. What is sentience? Se...
Astronomers have discovered giant holes, or cavities, in the hot gas that pervades the Phoenix Cluster, revealing new details about this remarkable system. Galaxy clusters are often described by superlatives. After all, they are huge conglomerations of galaxies, hot gas, and dark matter and represent the largest struct...
More than 100,000 years ago, humans lived in the caves that dot South Africa’s coastline. With the sea on their doorstep and the Cape’s rich diversity of plant life at their backs, these anatomically modern Homo sapiens flourished. Over several millennia, they collected shells that they used as beads, created toolkits ...
The early grade Spanish program is designed to provide an environment that encourages students to participate and explore a new language, progressively moving students to broader, real world application of Spanish, and establish language activities and learning goals based on their age groups. Phase 1 of Spanish perfor...
Mathematics is developed with the use of concrete learning materials. The sensorial area is the preparation for mathematics. Hands-on materials are used such as number rods, sandpaper numbers, number boards, spindle box, number tiles, beads, and games. Each exercise builds upon another and the child gradually moves to ...
Viewed from Earth’s surface, the atmosphere seems homogeneous, constantly mixed by winds and convection. In fact, the first 83 kilometers above Earth is called the homosphere because the air is kept evenly mixed. Half of the mass of the atmosphere lies less than 6 kilometers above Earth. Even this diffuse veil has diff...
Lesson Overview: In this lesson, students become more aware of their energy use by conducting a home energy survey. They answer questions to learn about appliances and air leaks in the home. Students will also discuss ways to save energy and develop a plan to start saving energy at home. Time: Approximately 30 minutes ...
Almost two hundred million years ago, Antarctica was part of the supercontinent Gondwana. At this time Antarctica was much further north and not the dry, cold wasteland of the present-day. Instead, Antartica experienced a tropical climate and was covered by forests and inhabited by ancient lifeforms. Over the course of...
Researchers at the University of Michigan and Germany have performed experiments opening new doorways to quantum computing. They demonstrated how could be used to shift electrons between two states in a thin semiconductor sheet. These two states can be called as the 1 and 0 states in binary digits. Researchers were imm...
BMI is reasonably simple to calculate but before we look at that, let's take a look at BMI and what it actually is. BMI is short for Body Mass Index and this is a tool that was created in the 1800s to determine a persons weight range. The formula will give a result that will indicate whether a person is in a normal wei...
No matter where you live on this earth, you experience seasons with different weather, hours of light and ecology at specific times of the year. This is due to the annual orbit of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's axis. Seasons are typically divided into 4 distinct segments of the year. Seasons in th...
Researchers have shown plasma waves buffeting the planet’s radiation belts are responsible for scattering charged particles into the atmosphere for the first time that in a recent study on space weather’s impact on Earth. The study is the detailed analysis of the link between these waves and the fallout of electrons fr...
Reading is a process of getting meaning from print. Early reading includes the direct teaching of words and sounds. Children must be able to distinguish between different sounds of oral language to achieve understanding. They also need basic knowledge about the written alphabet, sound-symbol relationships, and concepts...
We at the AIMS Center have been digging into research on how children come to know number. What I realize is that knowing the journey from perceptual to conceptual which children must take is important for teachers to understand, in order to effectively help children on their path to understanding number. We have discu...
This term we will be looking at different music that is used in places where people go to have fun. Children will be spending some time listening to different extracts of music and responding to these using words and drawings to explain how the music makes them feel. Children will start to use musical language to descr...
Hemoglobin, sometimes abbreviated as Hgb, is a protein in red blood cells that carries iron. This iron holds oxygen, making hemoglobin an essential component of your blood. When your blood doesn’t contain enough hemoglobin, your cells don’t receive enough oxygen. Doctors determine your hemoglobin level by analyzing a s...
Hummingbirds do chirp. The fast-moving birds that need nectar nonstop communicate about food, about present dangers and about mating through calls that are often specific to their species. Hummingbird chirps can have a variety of meanings, dependent on species, age and gender. Hummingbirds vocalize from their throats, ...
Trapping carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants and various industries could play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the future. But current materials that can collect CO2 — from smokestacks, for example — have low capacities or require very high temperatures to work. Scientists are ma...
Send a spacecraft into the outer Solar System and unexpected things can happen. We’re all anticipating the arrival of the New Horizons probe at Pluto/Charon in 2015, but the work the spacecraft has done along the way has recently been highlighted again. Moving toward Jupiter in 2007, New Horizons was programmed to imag...
James Lesesne Wells, Looking Upward, 1928, woodcut in black on laid paper, Ruth and Jacob Kainen Collection, 1994.87.9 Looking at the image set, you will see that artists explored different aspects of African American life and identity during the first part of the twentieth century. Have students evaluate the images to...
Seward’s Day, celebrated on March 25 in 2019, is a legal holiday in Alaska, falling on the last Monday in March and commemorating the signing of the Alaska Purchase treaty on March 30, 1867. It is named for then-Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the purchase from Russia. The Alaska Purchase treaty wa...
About 252 million years ago, the Earth almost died. 96% of all species died in the oceans. It is more difficult to determine how many terrestrial species have disappeared, but the losses were similar. This mass extinction at the end of the Permian period was the largest in the entire history of the planet and lasted fo...
Take a look into the inner workings of your mind. Have you ever wondered how your brain comes up with thoughts, records emotions, and discards or makes memories? Do you know how you learn to breathe, crawl, walk and run? How do you learn languages? Making maps of the brain is an interest of artists, scientists, and doc...
Riparian Area Buffer Protection A riparian area is the strip of trees, shrubs and grasses that grows along the shoreline of a lake, creek or river. This area acts as a water filter to control erosion and remove impurities from surface water runoff. Without this buffer (riparian area), water bodies have no defense again...
What to expect In this topic we look at oscillations of bodies that move back and forth periodically, progressive waves that transfer energy and information through space, the interference effects of these progressive waves, and other phenomena, and standing waves, where waves combine to become stationary (and therefor...
Students will study the following concepts based on this lesson plan: the area an organism lives in must provide it with its basic life requirements and the ability of the habitat to do so is affected by abiotic and biotic factors. Abiotic factors in the environment are explained in terms of light, temperature, precipi...
After many cancer-causing genes - oncogenes - were found in tumor viruses and their cellular counterparts - proto-oncogenes - identified in normal cells, it seemed possible that mutations in proto-oncogenes might be responsible for cancer. The idea was that these genes could become corrupted and, instead of performing ...
Arsenic, antimony and phosphorus have five valency electrons and when a semiconductor is doped with one of these substances, some impurity atoms are incorporated in the tetrahedral structure. The ‘fifth’ valency electron is not rigidly bonded and is free to conduct, the impurity atom donating a charge carrier. Indium, ...
These images show Wyperfeld National Park, Victoria, in southeastern Australia. The park is native shrubland—the Australian “bush”—and appears in the Landsat images as dark red. Grazing land appears pink, and cropland is a green-yellow pattern. Fires occur in the park almost every year, leaving huge fire scars: bright,...
In the Museum, there is a tooth and a few bones of a mammoth found in a gravel pit just west of Herman, MN. More than just curiosities, they are a window on the prehistory and the forces that shaped the landscape of Grant County. The eastern part of the county has lakes and hills that are the result of moraine deposite...
There are words like bark and bark. A dog can bark and a tree has bark on its trunk. We can hold a soup can but we can jump and skip. A fair can be a place to see enjoy rides. We should be fair in how we treat each other. The first step in helping our early learners pay attention to these confusing words is to heighten...
By David Dezell Turner, Lucy Intern Every so often, a Trojan asteroid, orbiting roughly 800 million km (500 million miles) from the Sun, briefly passes in front of a star on the order of 30,000 trillion km, or 20,000 trillion miles, away. For a few seconds, as the Earth, asteroid and star perfectly align, the asteroid ...
Fossil Finds Complicate Search for Human Ancestor A new analysis of a 2-million-year-old hominid shows that it had an intriguing mix of australopithecine and Homo-like traits Australopithecines lived in Africa some 4 million to 2 million years ago. Scientists speculate that the australopithecines gave rise to our own g...
Imagination is an important part of childhood development. As children imagine new possibilities, they learn to think outside the box and solve problems in unique ways. This kind of thinking is critical to their cognitive development. While some adults struggle with creative thinking, children usually don’t! Children o...
Supplier development process model. Supplier Development Strategies and Outcomes 2022-10-27 Supplier development process model Rating: Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided and shared between a central government and regional governments. This system is often used in countries that are made up ...
Goals for Preschoolers - P-LIT 1. Child demonstrates awareness that spoken language is composed of smaller segments of sound. To lead phonological awareness experiences, you need to know the sounds and sound combinations of a language very well. Only lead phonological awareness experiences in languages in which you are...
Background Information (Bosnian) Number of Speakers: ~2 million Key Dialects: See below Geographical Center: Bosnia and Herzegovina The central South Slavic continuum known as Serbo-Croatian was the most widely spoken language in the former Yugoslavia, at its peak counting as many as 20 million speakers. Culturally, Yu...
Heat is one of the most intriguing of the many ways in which energy goes from one place to another. Heat is often hidden, as it only exists when energy is in transit, and the methods of transfer are distinctly different. Energy transfer by heat touches every aspect of our lives, and helps us to understand how the unive...
Adding math worksheets is one of the math learning sheets especially for kindergarten students or grade 1 students in elementary school. This learning sheet contains the addition problem, starting from the horizontal addition problem until the addition problem with the compiled method. The practice questions provided a...
Guess the Weight Scavenger Hunt In this lesson, children will start with one object and decide which objects in the room are heavier or lighter than that object. This lesson will help toddlers and preschoolers meet the following educational standards: - Develop beginning skills in the use of science and engineering pra...
Not all crystals form in water. Some crystals can form in an element called carbon. However, all crystals form in the same way, atoms come together and become a uniform cluster. The process can take anywhere from a few days to maybe a thousand years. Natural crystals that come from Earth are formed in the same way. The...
Art and Design Art and Design is about engaging, inspiring and challenging children and equipping them with the knowledge and skills to participate in, experiment with, invent and create in a visual and tactile form. It is a fundamental means of personal expression. It gives children the knowledge and skills to develop...
Many diseases have been around as long as humans, but Leprosy’s social history is the most inextricably linked with human evolution. A plague to rule them all, leprosy is very likely the oldest infectious disease in human history. Written accounts of the disease — sometimes referred to as Hansen’s Disease—date as far b...
Now that you know the characteristics of a good claim, you will be introduced to the different types of claims that a writer can make: fact, value, or policy. You can usually determine this by examining the type of questions they answer about the text. First, claims of fact state a quantifiable assertion or a measurabl...
Zones of Regulation is a concept designed by Leah Kuypers, licensed occupational therapist, to help a student gain skills in the area of self-regulation. Self-regulation can go by many names, such as self-control, self-management, and impulse control. It is defined as the best state of alertness of both the body and em...
Infographics present information in a visual format, which makes it easier to understand and remember. ESOL specialist Rachel Öner has put together a super collection of infographics for you to use with your learners. Infographics are visual representations of information, data or knowledge that aim to present complex ...
By using precise measurements of the asteroid Itokawa, astronomers have discovered the first evidence that asteroids can have a highly varied internal structure. ESO’s New Technology Telescope (NTT) has been used to find the first evidence that asteroids can have a highly varied internal structure. By making exquisitel...
India’s independence is a long and complicated history, with many different players involved. Gandhi was undoubtedly one of the most important figures in the struggle for independence, and his legacy continues to this day. India is now a thriving democracy, and its people are proud of their country’s history and achiev...
Rett syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that interrupts the development of social cognition. While it can affect any child at any age, children with autism or Down Syndrome are often diagnosed earlier than they would be without Rett syndrome. With no cure for this debilitating disease, many parents have taken to ...
The mean monthly average concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as measured at NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory at Mauna Loa, Hawaii exceeded 400 parts per million (ppm) for the first time in modern history back in May. The last time atmospheric CO2 reached this level was during the Pliocene Epoch som...
The modest-sized but successful Spitzer Space Telescope has detected fluctuations in cosmic light at infrared frequencies. Is this the signature of the first population of stars that formed in the Universe? On page 45 of this issue, Kashlinsky et al.1 present observations that reveal clustering in the distribution of c...
Piracy was America’s first encounter with organized crime. The golden age of piracy was from mid-1600 to the early 1700’s and flourished in the areas of the West Indies and colonial America. The economy of Europe’s superpowers suffered greatly because of piracy but it was viewed differently in the New World. The Naviga...
Many of our kindergarten students don’t come to us with good cutting skills. It can feel like a complex skill for young children. They may struggle with aspects like hand strength or cutting quickly and accurately. Maybe they simply just don't know where to start with scissors. This can turn into growing frustration. S...
Traditionally, ciphers have used information contained in secret decoding keys to code and decode messages. The process of coding plaintext to create ciphertext is called encryption and the process of decoding ciphertext to produce the plaintext is called decryption. Modern systems of electronic cryptography use digita...
When was Washington DC Founded? When was DC created? Washington, D.C. formally referred to as the District of Columbia, or as DC, is the capital of the United States of America. It is home to all three branches of the federal government of the US – the US Congress, the President’s office, and the Supreme Court. Washing...
Why Are Educational Games Important? Through play, children learn new things most easily, develop skills and understand the world around them Play is a way for children to adapt to the world and express their natural curiosity. The game is spontaneous, voluntary, and fun, and by combining this primal desire to play wit...
Nutrients are released into the soil by the billions of tiny organisms that digest decaying plant and animal materials. “Decomposition liberates carbon and nutrients from the complex materials making up lifeforms--putting them back into biological circulation so they are available to plants and other organisms,” states...
correctly label the following anatomical features of a nerve The word nerve is the French term for nerve fiber. It is a little confusing because it encompasses so many different, but related, parts of the body. The nerve is a tiny bundle of neurons that travels within the body and is responsible for communicating betwe...
What Does Equity Mean? The term health “inequity” goes hand-in-hand with the definition of disparities. Inequity describes the systematic and repeating pattern of disparities. Health inequities are defined as “differences in health which are not only unnecessary and avoidable, but in addition, are considered unfair and...
What is MS? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system (your brain and your spinal cord). The central nervous system cells are covered in a protective layer of fatty protein called the myelin sheath (a bit like the insulation on an electrical cable). MS is an auto-immune disease, where the immun...