text stringlengths 11 1.65k | source stringlengths 38 44 |
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C15H23N3O4S The molecular formula CHNOS may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24398699 |
C20H26N2O4 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 358.43 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24398756 |
Symbiosis (chemical) The biological term symbiosis was adopted for chemistry by Jørgensen in 1964, who applied it to the process by which, say, a hard ligand on a metal predisposes the metal to receive another hard ligand rather than a soft ligand. In fact, two superficially antithetical phenomena occur: symbiosis and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399333 |
Symbiosis (chemical) A more definitive example are the halopentamminocobalt(III) ions, Co(NH)X, which are more stable when the halogen, X, is Fluoride than with [Iodine], and the Halopentcyanocobalt(III) ions, Co(CN)X, which are most stable when the halogen is [iodine]. “Hard bases (electronegative donor atoms) retain ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399333 |
C15H19NO3 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399529 |
C4H6S The molecular formula CHS may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399548 |
C23H26FN3O2 The molecular formula CHFNO (molar mass: 395.470 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399873 |
C22H25N3O3 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399884 |
C19H19NO4 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 325.35 g/mol, exact mass: 325.131408 u) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24399951 |
C26H38N2O4 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24400095 |
C23H28ClN5O3 The molecular formula CHClNO (molar mass: 457.953 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24400151 |
C20H20N2O2 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 320.385 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24400165 |
C18H21ClN2 The molecular formula CHClN may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24400346 |
Arun Majumdar is a materials scientist, engineer, and University of California, Berkeley graduate who was nominated for the position of Under Secretary of Energy between November 30, 2011 and May 15, 2012 but then the nomination was retracted. He was previously the Director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Divi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24405791 |
C12H16N2O2 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to : | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406012 |
C11H13F3N2 The molecular formula CHFN may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406065 |
C26H32N2O5 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406088 |
C19H28ClN5O The molecular formula CHClNO (molar mass: 377.91 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406099 |
C19H29N5O2 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406283 |
C8H17NO3S The molecular formula CHNOS may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406322 |
C26H28Cl2N4O4 The molecular formula CHClNO (molar mass: 531.431 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406930 |
C12H18N2 The molecular formula CHN (molar mass: 190.294 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24406965 |
Photon bubble A photon bubble is a type of radiation-driven instability that can occur in the magnetized, radiation-supported gas surrounding neutron stars, black hole accretion disks or at the edge of ultra-compact HII regions around young, massive stars. The instability occurs as follows. A compressive magnetohydrody... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24408119 |
Fluoroamphetamine may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24416168 |
Ole Siggaard-Andersen (10 Dec 1932 - ) is a Danish clinical chemist who elucidated much acid base physiology. He jointly invented the concepts of base excess and standard base excess. His doctoral thesis, "The Acid-Base Status of the Blood", was published as a book for five editions and in five languages. He was honore... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24418141 |
Gel doc A gel doc, also known as a gel documentation system, gel image system or gel imager, refers to equipment widely used in molecular biology laboratories for the imaging and documentation of nucleic acid and protein suspended within polyacrylamide or agarose gels. These gels are typically stained with ethidium bro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24419127 |
Macromolecular Reaction Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Wiley-VCH. The journal covers academic and industrial research in the field of polymer reaction engineering, which includes polymer science. It emerged from a section that was part of "Macromolecular Materials and Engineering... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24421488 |
Macromolecular Reaction Engineering The journal is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Chemistry Citation Index, Compendex, Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology, Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences, Inspec, Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, Materials Science Ci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24421488 |
Jacobsen's catalyst is the common name for N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminomanganese(III) chloride, a coordination compound of manganese and a salen-type ligand. It is used as an asymmetric catalyst in the Jacobsen epoxidation, which is renowned for its ability to enantioselectively transf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423385 |
Jacobsen's catalyst The chelating salen ligand of Jacobsen’s catalyst is tetradentate, meaning it binds to the central manganese metal through four bonds, one to each oxygen and nitrogen atom of the salen backbone. It belongs to a class of chiral diimine ligands that are synthesized via the Schiff base condensation. Bo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423385 |
Jacobsen's catalyst In this case, a concerted mechanism in which the bond to the oxygen is simultaneously broken with metal-center while it is formed with the substrate is probable. However, more recent studies have indicated a radical intermediate is possible, challenging the assumption that non-conjugated alkenes und... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423385 |
Jacobsen's catalyst Structural changes to the ligand and adaptations to the protocol for the epoxidation reaction, however, have led to some successes in these areas. For example, derivatives of with small structural changes to the salen backbone have been used in conjunction with low temperatures and the oxidant m-chl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423385 |
C15H16O9 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 340.282 g/mol, exact mass: 340.079432 u) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423474 |
C21H24O6 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423501 |
C27H34O11 The molecular formula CHO (534.55 g/mol) may refer to : | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423507 |
C19H24O4 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 316.39 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423638 |
C16H14O4 The molecular formula CHO (molar mss : 270.28 g/mol, exact mass : 270.089209 u) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423666 |
C20H22O8 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 390.38 g/mol, exact mass: 390.131468 u) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24423893 |
C20H22O6 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass : 358.38 g/mol, exact mass : 358.141638 u) may refer to : | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424000 |
C20H28O10 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 428.430 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424011 |
C23H22O7 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass : 410.41 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424115 |
C15H16O5 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass : 276.28 g/mol, exact mass : 276.099774) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424135 |
C20H21N The molecular formula CHN may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424235 |
C20H31NO The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424280 |
C18H23NO The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424293 |
C12H8O4 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass : 216.19 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424496 |
C27H40O3 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24424524 |
Alpha oxidation Alpha-oxidation of phytanic acid is believed to take place entirely within peroxisomes. (Propionyl-CoA is released as a result of beta oxidation when the beta carbon is substituted) Enzymatic deficiency in alpha-oxidation (most frequently in phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase) leads to Refsum's disease, in which... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24428035 |
Davyum was the proposed name for a chemical element found by chemist Serge Kern in 1877. It was shown that the material was a mixture of iridium and rhodium. In 1950 it was proposed that the new metal might also have contained rhenium, which had not been discovered in Kern's time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24431363 |
Lyso- is a prefix applied to the various phospholipids to indicate the removal of one of the two fatty acids. For example, lysophosphatidylcholines are phosphatidylcholines with a single acyl group in either the 1- or 2-position. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24431387 |
C12H10N2O The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24433373 |
Macromolecular Theory and Simulations is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering polymer science. It publishes Reviews, Feature Articles, Communications, and Full Papers on all aspects from macromolecular theory to advanced computer simulation. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2013 imp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24433594 |
Disuccinimidyl suberate (DSS) is a biochemical tool used as protein cross-linking agent. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24434918 |
C24H31FO5 The molecular formula CHFO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24435960 |
C24H33NO3 The molecular formula CHNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436033 |
C24H44O6 The molecular formula CHO (molar mass: 428.603 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436050 |
C24H48O2 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436053 |
C23H26N2O2 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 362.465 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436099 |
C23H29ClO4 The molecular formula CHClO (molar mass: 404.931 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436143 |
C23H32N2O3 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 384.512 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436179 |
C25H22ClNO3 The molecular formula CHClNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436242 |
C25H28O3 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436251 |
C26H28ClNO The molecular formula CHClNO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436329 |
Steatocrit or Acid steatocrit is a simple, rapid gravimetric method to determine steatorrhea. The test is simple, rapid, inexpensive, and reliable. It is a qualitative test that can be used when other methods are impractical. An elevated steatocrit is indicative of fat malabsorption resulting in steatorrhea. This gener... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436402 |
Lucium was the proposed name for an alleged new element found by chemist Prosper Barrière in 1896 in the mineral monazite. Later, William Crookes confirmed that the new element was actually an impure sample of yttrium. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24436674 |
Poul Bjørndahl Astrup (4 August 1915 – 30 November 2000) was a Danish clinical chemist famous for inventing a CO electrode and co-inventing the concept of base excess. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24443049 |
Annual pharmaceutical drug sales Annual pharmaceutical drug sales | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24448768 |
Gerhart Jander (26 October 1892 – 8 December 1961) was a German inorganic chemist. His book, now normally only called "Jander-Blasius", on analytical chemistry is still used in German universities. His involvement in the chemical weapon research and close relation to the NSDAP have been unrecovered by recent research. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24450278 |
Marschalk reaction The is the sodium dithionite promoted reaction of a phenolic anthraquinone with an aldehyde to yield a substituted phenolic anthraquinone after the addition of acid. The mechanism can be found in the book "Named Reactions in Organic Chemistry", and its more intuitive version is provided below: One of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24453994 |
Metamaterial antenna Metamaterial antennas are a class of antennas which use metamaterials to increase performance of miniaturized (electrically small) antenna systems. Their purpose, as with any electromagnetic antenna, is to launch energy into free space. However, this class of antenna incorporates metamaterials, whi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna At 300 MHz, for instance, an antenna would need to be half a meter long. In contrast, experimental metamaterial antennas are as small as one-fiftieth of a wavelength, and could have further decreases in size. Metamaterials are a basis for further miniaturization of microwave antennas, with efficien... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Metamaterials employed in the ground planes surrounding antennas offer improved isolation between radio frequency, or microwave channels of (multiple-input multiple-output) (MIMO) antenna arrays. Metamaterial, high-impedance groundplanes can also improve radiation efficiency and axial ratio perform... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna " were able to show that a three-dimensional array of intersecting, thin wires could be used to create negative values of permittivity (or "ε"), and that a periodic array of copper split ring resonators could produce an effective negative magnetic permeability (or "μ") In May 2000, a group of resea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna This is accomplished by combining a slab of conventional lossless DPS material with a slab of lossless DNG metamaterial. DPS has a conventional positive index of refraction, while the DNG has a negative refractive index. Both slabs are impedance-matched to the outside region (e.g., free space). The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The dispersion produces a variance of the group speed of the signals' wave components, as they propagate in the DNG medium. Hence, stacked DNG metamaterials could be useful for modifying signal propagation along a microstrip transmission line. At the same time, dispersion leads to distortion. Howev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Part of the design strategy is that the effective permittivity and permeability of such a metamaterial should be negative – requiring a DNG material. Combining left-handed segments with a conventional (right-handed) transmission line results in advantages over conventional designs. Left-handed tran... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The relevant parameter is often the contrast between the permittivities rather than the overall permittivity value at desired frequencies. This occurs because the equivalent (effective) permittivity has a behavior governed by a plasma frequency in the microwave domain. This low optical index materi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna These facts ultimately result in the arrayed wire structure as being effectively a homogeneous medium. This metamaterial allows for control of the direction of emission of an electromagnetic radiation source located inside the material in order to collect all the energy in a small angular domain ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna With transmission line media it is important to match the load impedance Z to the characteristic impedance Z as closely as possible, because it is usually desirable that the load absorbs as much power as possible. Often, because of the goal that moves physical metamaterial inclusions (or cells) to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Because superlenses can overcome the diffraction limit, this allows for a more efficient coupling to external radiation and enables a broader frequency band. For example, the superlens can be applied to the TLM architecture. In conventional lenses, imaging is limited by the diffraction limit. With ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna It can work in lower frequency because of high series distributed-capacitors and has smaller plane dimensions than its equivalent coplanar structure. In 2002, rather than using SRR-wire configuration, or other 3-D media, researchers looked at planar configurations that supported backward wave propa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Since, M-2 supports backward wave propagation k2 is refracted to the opposite side of the normal, while the Poynting vector of M-2 is anti-parallel with k2. Under such conditions, power is refracted through an effectively negative angle, which implies an effectively negative index of refraction. El... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna In order to synthesize a left-handed medium (ε < 0 and μ < 0) the series reactance and shunt susceptibility should become negative, because the material parameters are directly proportional to these circuit quantities. A transmission line that has lumped circuit elements that synthesize a left-hand... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The flexibility gained through the use of either discrete or printed elements enables planar metamaterials to be scalable from the megahertz to the tens of gigahertz range. In addition, replacing capacitors with varactors allowed the material properties to be dynamically tuned. The proposed media a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The simulated E-plane pattern at 15 GHz showed radiation towards the backfire direction in the far-field pattern, clearly indicating the excitation of a backward wave. Since the transverse dimension of the array is electrically short, the structure is backed by a long metallic trough. The trough ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna RF/microwave devices can be implemented based on these proposed media for applications in wireless communications, surveillance and radars. According to some researchers SRR/wire-configured metamaterials are bulky 3-D constructions that are difficult to adapt for RF/microwave device and circuit app... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna In the long-wavelength regime, the permittivity and permeability of conventional materials can be artificially synthesized using periodic LC networks arranged in a low-pass configuration. In the dual (high-pass) configuration, these equivalent material parameters assume simultaneously negative valu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The required antenna for any given application is dependent on the bandwidth employed, and range (power) requirements. In the microwave to millimeter-wave range – wavelengths from a few meters to millimeters – the following antennas are usually employed: Dipole antennas, short antennas, parabolic a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna When the electric dipole is embedded in a homogeneous DNG medium, the antenna acts inductively rather than capacitively, as it would in free space without the interaction of the DNG material. In addition, the dipole-DNG shell combination increases the real power radiated by more than an order of ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna R and r are used in annular parameters, w is the spacing between the rings and t = the width of the outer ring. The material had a thickness of 1.6 mm. Permittivity was 3.85 at 4 GHz. The SRR was fabricated with an etching technique onto a 30 μm thick copper substrate. The SRR was excited by using ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna With modifications to the SRR structure the antenna size could reach (λ/40). Coupling 2, 3, and 4 SRRs side by side slightly shifts radiation patterns. In 2005 a patch antenna with a metamaterial cover was proposed that enhanced directivity. According to the numerical results, the antenna showed si... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Metamaterials surface antenna technology (M-SAT) is an invention that uses metamaterials to direct and maintain a consistent broadband radio frequency beam locked on to a satellite whether the platform is in motion or stationary. Gimbals and motors are replaced by arrays of metamaterials in a plana... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna If either the permeability or permittivity of two media has opposite signs then the normal components of the tangential field, on both sides of the interface, will be discontinuous at the boundary. This implies a concentrated resonant phenomenon at the interface. This appears to be similar to the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Conversely, the NIM of thickness d has ε < 0 and µ < 0. Assume that the intrinsic impedance of the DPS dielectric material (d) is the same as that of the outside region and responding to a normally incident planar wave. The wave travels through the medium without any reflection because the DPS impe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna This demonstrates how the NIM slab at chosen frequencies acts as a phase compensator. It is important to note that this phase compensation process is only on the ratio of d / d rather than the thickness of d + d. Therefore, d + d can be any value, as long as this ratio satisfies the above condition... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna Using FSS in a cavity allows for miniaturization, decrease of the resonant frequency, lowers the cut-off frequency and smooth transition from a fast-wave to a slow-wave in a waveguide configuration. As an LHM application four different cavities operating in the microwave regime were fabricated and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna In other words, they are not in contact with a solid substrate. Dielectric signal loss is reduced significantly, reducing signal attenuation. This system was designed to boost the performance of the Monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), among other benefits. A transmission line is created... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
Metamaterial antenna The first layer is an epsilon-negative (ENG) material or a mu-negative (MNG) material. The second layer is either a double-positive (DPS) material or a double-negative (DNG) material. Alternatively, the second layer can be an ENG material when the first layer is an MNG material or the reverse. Meta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24454437 |
C28H31ClN2O3 The molecular formula CHClNO (molar mass: 479.010 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24458726 |
C28H46O4 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24458768 |
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