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BERT model
How to download bert models and load in python?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67950523/how-to-download-bert-models-and-load-in-python
<p>How to download bert models and load in python?</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer model = SentenceTransformer('bert-base-nli-mean-tokens') </code></pre> <p><strong>How to save the pretrained model and load in python?</strong></p>
134
BERT model
How to add LSTM layer on top of Huggingface BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65763465/how-to-add-lstm-layer-on-top-of-huggingface-bert-model
<p>I am working on a binary classification task and would like to try adding lstm layer on top of the last hidden layer of huggingface BERT model, however, I couldn't reach the last hidden layer. Is it possible to combine BERT with LSTM?</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from...
<p>Indeed it is possible, but you need to implement it yourself. <a href="https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/master/src/transformers/models/bert/modeling_bert.py#L1449" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>BertForSequenceClassification</code></a> class is a wrapper for <code>BertModel</code>. It runs the model...
135
BERT model
Slow training of BERT model Hugging face
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68871329/slow-training-of-bert-model-hugging-face
<p>I am training the binary classfier using BERT model implement in hugging face library</p> <pre><code>training_args = TrainingArguments( &quot;deleted_tweets_trainer&quot;, num_train_epochs = 1, #logging_steps=100, evaluation_strategy='steps', remove_unused_colu...
<p>You are currently evaluating every 500 steps and have a training and eval batch size of 8.</p> <p>Depending on your current memory consumption, you can increase the batch sizes (eval much more as training consumes more memory):</p> <ul> <li>per_device_train_batch_size</li> <li>per_device_eval_batch_size</li> </ul> <...
136
BERT model
One single-batch training on Huggingface Bert model &quot;ruins&quot; the model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69127607/one-single-batch-training-on-huggingface-bert-model-ruins-the-model
<p>For some reason, I need to do further (2nd-stage) pre-training on Huggingface Bert model, and I find my training outcome is very bad.</p> <p>After debugging for hours, surprisingly, I find even training one single batch after loading the base model, will cause the model to predict a very bad choice when I ask it to ...
137
BERT model
How to make BERT model converge?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60732018/how-to-make-bert-model-converge
<p>I am trying to use BERT for sentiment analysis but I suspect I am doing something wrong. In my code I am fine tuning bert using <code>bert-for-tf2</code> but after 1 epoch I am getting an accuracy of 42% when a simple GRU model was getting around 73% accuracy. What should I be doing different to effectively use BERT...
<p>I think your learning rate LR (default for adam : 0.001) is too high, leading to <code>catastrophic forgetting</code> . <strong>Refer: How to Fine-Tune BERT for Text Classification?</strong> <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.05583.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.05583.pdf</a></p> <p>Ideal...
138
BERT model
What does the embedding elements stand for in huggingFace bert model?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75491528/what-does-the-embedding-elements-stand-for-in-huggingface-bert-model
<p>Prior to passing my tokens through encoder in BERT model, I would like to perform some processing on their embeddings. I extracted the embedding weight using:</p> <pre><code>from transformers import TFBertModel # Load a pre-trained BERT model model = TFBertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased') # Get the embed...
<p>In bert model, there is a post-processing of the embedding tensor that uses layer normalization followed by dropout , <a href="https://github.com/google-research/bert/blob/eedf5716ce1268e56f0a50264a88cafad334ac61/modeling.py#L362" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/google-research/bert/blob/eedf5716ce1268e...
139
BERT model
Does BERT model and tokenizer should be trained with same data?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71547846/does-bert-model-and-tokenizer-should-be-trained-with-same-data
<p>I want to make BERT model by training with more data (not a fine-tuning, the base model which will be trained is 'bert-base-uncased'). However, do i always need to create own tokenizer for one model? when i use 'bert-base-uncased' tokenizer to train model, it give me some error.</p> <pre><code>Traceback (most recent...
<p>I recommend you to actually resize the embeedding matrix to match the size of the tokenizer you want to use:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer)) </code></pre> <p>Huggingface docs: <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/master/en/main_classes/mo...
140
BERT model
Can&#39;t save model in saved_model format when finetune bert model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72674057/cant-save-model-in-saved-model-format-when-finetune-bert-model
<p>When training the bert model, the weights are saved well, but the entire model is not saved.</p> <p>After <code>model.fit</code>, save model as <code>model.save_weights('bert_xxx.h5')</code> and <code>load_weights</code> works fine, but since only weights are saved, the model frame must be loaded separately.</p> <p>...
141
BERT model
Debugging TensorFlow serving on BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60777281/debugging-tensorflow-serving-on-bert-model
<p>I was able to deploy a NLP model using BERT embedding following this example (using TF 1.14.0 on CPU and tensorflow-model-server): <a href="https://mc.ai/how-to-ship-machine-learning-models-into-production-with-tensorflow-serving-and-kubernetes/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://mc.ai/how-to-ship-machine-learning-...
<p>My bad! A Response [200] doesn't mean that it's not working, you can see the results with</p> <pre><code>predictions = json.loads(json_response.text)['predictions'] predictions </code></pre>
142
BERT model
Make sure BERT model does not load pretrained weights?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65072694/make-sure-bert-model-does-not-load-pretrained-weights
<p>I want to make sure my BertModel does not loads pre-trained weights. I am using auto class (hugging face) which loads model automatically.</p> <p>My question is how do I load bert model without pretrained weights?</p>
<p>Use AutoConfig instead of AutoModel:</p> <pre><code>from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModel config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased') model = AutoModel.from_config(config) </code></pre> <p>this should set up the model without loading the weights.</p> <p><a href="https://huggingface.co/transfor...
143
BERT model
Persist BERT model on disk as pickle file
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59881819/persist-bert-model-on-disk-as-pickle-file
<p>I have managed to get the BERT model to work on johnsnowlabs-spark-nlp library. I am able to save the "trained model" on disk as follows.</p> <h1>Fit Model</h1> <pre><code>df_bert_trained = bert_pipeline.fit(textRDD) df_bert=df_bert_trained.transform(textRDD) </code></pre> <h1>save model</h1> <pre><code>df_bert...
<p>In Spark NLP, BERT comes as a pre-trained model. It means it's already a model that was trained, fit, etc. and saved in the right format. </p> <p>That's being said, there is no reason to fit or save it again. You can, however, save the result of it once you transform your DataFrame to a new DataFrame that has BERT ...
144
BERT model
How to Fine-tune HuggingFace BERT model for Text Classification
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69025750/how-to-fine-tune-huggingface-bert-model-for-text-classification
<p>Is there a <em>Step by step explanation</em> on how to <strong>Fine-tune HuggingFace BERT</strong> model for text classification?</p>
<h1>Fine Tuning Approach</h1> <p>There are multiple approaches to fine-tune BERT for the target tasks.</p> <ol> <li>Further Pre-training the base BERT model</li> <li>Custom classification layer(s) on top of the base BERT model being trainable</li> <li>Custom classification layer(s) on top of the base BERT model being ...
145
BERT model
Training the BERT model with pytorch
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72753200/training-the-bert-model-with-pytorch
<p>I am unable to figure out why my BERT model dosen't get pas the training command. I am using pytorch-lightning. I am running the code on AWS EC2(p3.2xLarge) and it does show me the available GPU but I can't really figure out the device side error. Could someone please guide me towards a direction? I really appreciat...
146
BERT model
bert model as model.ckpt-1400000
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63484093/bert-model-as-model-ckpt-1400000
<p>It is the first time that I want to use BERT. I'm trying to execute this code.</p> <pre><code>from keras_bert import load_trained_model_from_checkpoint config_path = './model/bert_config.json' checkpoint_path = './model/model.ckpt-1400000' bert = load_trained_model_from_checkpoint(config_path, checkpoint_path) bert....
147
BERT model
How many neurons (units) are there in the BERT model?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75844264/how-many-neurons-units-are-there-in-the-bert-model
<p>How to estimate the number of neurons (units) in the BERT model? <strong>Note</strong> this is different from the number of model parameters.</p>
<p>Depending on which field you come from the &quot;neurons&quot; definition might differ.</p> <p>In general, people in computer science conflates <code>num_neurons = num_parameters</code>. But this might not be the case if one is interested in more neurological/biological perspective.</p> <h3>Q: Why do computer scient...
148
BERT model
Unable to import BERT model with all packages
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73359430/unable-to-import-bert-model-with-all-packages
<p>I am trying to learn NLP using BERT. While trying to import bert model and tokenizer in colab. I am facing the below error.</p> <pre><code>ImportError: cannot import name '_LazyModule' from 'transformers.file_utils' (/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/transformers/file_utils.py) </code></pre> <p>Here is my code<...
<p>Based on these links <a href="https://github.com/Lightning-AI/lightning-flash/issues/630#issuecomment-891031269" rel="nofollow noreferrer">1</a>, <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71901851/importerror-cannot-import-name-lazymodule-from-transformers-utils">2</a></p> <p>This should help -</p> <pre><code>pip...
149
BERT model
ValueError when pre-training BERT model using Trainer API
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70263251/valueerror-when-pre-training-bert-model-using-trainer-api
<p>I'm trying to fine-tune/pre-train an existing BERT model for sentiment analysis by using Trainer API in <code>transformers</code> library. My training dataset looks like this:</p> <pre><code>Text Sentiment This was good place 1 This was bad place 0 </cod...
<p>There are several points here to which you need to pay attention in order to have your code working.</p> <p>First of all, you are working on a sequence classification task, specifically a binary classification, so you need to instantiate your model accordingly:</p> <pre><code># replace this: # model = transformers.B...
150
BERT model
CNN model and bert with text
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71309113/cnn-model-and-bert-with-text
<p>I got error in linear function</p> <pre><code>class MixModel(nn.Module): def __init__(self,pre_trained='bert-base-uncased'): super().__init__() self.bert = AutoModel.from_pretrained('distilbert-base-uncased') self.hidden_size = self.bert.config.hidden_size self.conv = nn....
<pre><code>class MixModel(nn.Module): def __init__(self,pre_trained='bert-base-uncased'): super().__init__() self.bert = AutoModel.from_pretrained('distilbert-base-uncased') self.hidden_size = self.bert.config.hidden_size self.conv = nn.Conv1d(in_channels=768, out_channels=2...
151
BERT model
Fine-tuning a BERT model without answers
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/77783666/fine-tuning-a-bert-model-without-answers
<p>I come here after I have been googling during many hours for to know if it's was possible to make a fine-tune <code>BERT</code> Question Answering with only question and context ? I am beginner with BERT model so I don't know the deep mechanism that it have even after many search. Thanks you for your answer</p>
152
BERT model
pre-trained BERT model learning wrong way
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69757233/pre-trained-bert-model-learning-wrong-way
<p>I have trained my pre-trained BERT model from the Hugging Face library on the <code>Jigsaw Toxic Comment Classification dataset</code> to detect hateful comments. However, when I try to do infer with the positive sentences, it is giving me wrong results.</p> <p>For example, if I provide the sentence: <code>You are a...
153
BERT model
How to reuse the BERT model using tensorflow.contrib
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58115439/how-to-reuse-the-bert-model-using-tensorflow-contrib
<p>I have tried below codes for reusing the saved BERT model.</p> <pre><code>def serving_input_receiver_fn(): feature_spec = { "input_ids" : tf.FixedLenFeature([MAX_SEQ_LENGTH], tf.int64), "input_mask" : tf.FixedLenFeature([MAX_SEQ_LENGTH], tf.int64), "segment_ids" : tf.FixedLenFeature([MAX_SEQ_LENGTH], ...
154
BERT model
Adding new labels to an already trained BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62337074/adding-new-labels-to-an-already-trained-bert-model
<p>I am using BERT for Named Entity Recognition. Initially I had only 18 labels, and I trained the model using the 18 labels and saved the model. Now I added 2 more new labels, and when I updated the previously saved model I am getting the following error:</p> <pre class="lang-sh prettyprint-override"><code>C:/w/1/s/w...
155
BERT model
Bert model not learning using JAX. Results don&#39;t change
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/79383687/bert-model-not-learning-using-jax-results-dont-change
<p>I am training a BERT model on spam classification using JAX on TPUs. My model hasn't been learning nor its results have changed.</p> <pre><code>Epoch 0: Train Loss = 2.7961559295654297: Train Accuracy: 0.30608975887298584 Eval Loss = 3.6600053310394287: Eval Accuracy = 0.0 Epoch 1: Train Loss = 2.7961559295654297: T...
156
BERT model
How to convert bert model output to json?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73830782/how-to-convert-bert-model-output-to-json
<p>I have fine-tuned a Bert model and testing my output from different layers. I tested this in sagemaker , with my own custom script (see below) and the output i get is of BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions class. How can i convert the output of this , specially the tensor values from the last_hidden_state t...
<p>Grab the output, access <code>last_hidden_state</code>, and convert it to a list.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>import json output = predict_fn() tensor = output.last_hidden_state tensor_as_list = tensor.tolist() json_str = json.dumps(tensor_as_list) </code></pre>
157
BERT model
Cannot load German BERT model in spaCy
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61899118/cannot-load-german-bert-model-in-spacy
<p>Here is my problem: I am working on the German text classification project. I use spacy for that and decided to fine-tune its pretrained BERT model to get better results. However, when I try to load it to the code, it shows me errors.</p> <p>Here is what I've done:</p> <ol> <li>Installed spacy-transformers: <code>...
<p>It's probably a problem with your installation of <code>torch</code>. Start in a clean virtual environment and install <code>torch</code> using the instructions here with CUDA as None: <a href="https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/</a>. Then inst...
158
BERT model
i have an error while training BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62991456/i-have-an-error-while-training-bert-model
<p>I'm trying to train my model using GPUs.</p> <p>When I execute it I get this error below:</p> <pre><code>File &quot;main.py&quot;, line 95, in train loss.backward() File &quot;/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/tensor.py&quot;, line 198, in backward torch.autograd.backward(self, gradient, retain_graph, cre...
<p>What is your <code>device.inputs</code> in the following code.</p> <pre><code>positions = torch.arange(inputs.size(1), device=inputs.device, dtype=inputs.dtype).expand(inputs.size(0), inputs.size(1)).contiguous() + 1 </code></pre> <p>Can you set specific gpu and try:</p> <pre><code>torch.cuda.set_device(device_num) ...
159
BERT model
Assigning weights during testing the bert model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65925640/assigning-weights-during-testing-the-bert-model
<p>I have a basic conceptual doubt. When i train a bert model on sentence say:</p> <pre><code>Train: &quot;went to get loan from bank&quot; Test :&quot;received education loan from bank&quot; </code></pre> <p>How does the test sentence assigns the weights for each token because i however dont pass exact sentence for t...
<p>The vector representation of a token (keep in mind that token != word) is stored in an embedding layer. When we load the 'bert-base-uncased' model, we can see that it &quot;knows&quot; 30522 tokens and that the vector representation of each token consists of 768 elements:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override...
160
BERT model
How to solve Attribute Error after running BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67046637/how-to-solve-attribute-error-after-running-bert-model
<p>Receiving an error once running the BERT model. Up till this point the code runs successfully. Error I receive is AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'shape'. The previous step before the code was creating a custom data generator. Using this the model was created. To provide context the model I used is fou...
<p>The input to the model must not be a string. It should be a numpy array or a tensor. You should encode your string, converting the characters to a numpy array.</p> <p>From <a href="https://keras.io/examples/nlp/semantic_similarity_with_bert/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://keras.io/examples/nlp/semantic_similarit...
161
BERT model
Weights of pre-trained BERT model not initialized
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66561880/weights-of-pre-trained-bert-model-not-initialized
<p>I am using the <a href="https://github.com/pair-code/lit" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Language Interpretability Toolkit</a> (LIT) to load and analyze a BERT model that I pre-trained on an NER task.</p> <p>However, when I'm starting the LIT script with the path to my pre-trained model passed to it, it fails to initiali...
<p>This actually seems to be expected behaviour. In the <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/training" rel="nofollow noreferrer">documentation of the GPT models</a> the HuggingFace team writes:</p> <blockquote> <p>This will issue a warning about some of the pretrained weights not being used and some weight...
162
BERT model
Error with using BERT model from Tensorflow
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65298391/error-with-using-bert-model-from-tensorflow
<p>I have tried to follow Tensorflow instructions to use BERT model: (<a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/text/classify_text_with_bert" rel="noreferrer">https://www.tensorflow.org/tutorials/text/classify_text_with_bert</a>)</p> <p>However, when I run these lines:</p> <pre><code>text_test = ['this is such an a...
<p>I found this bug report on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/tensorflow/text/issues/476" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/tensorflow/text/issues/476</a></p> <p>It appears that they've acknowledged it as a bug and are trying to fix it.</p>
163
BERT model
How to use the outputs of bert model?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63673511/how-to-use-the-outputs-of-bert-model
<p>The bert model gives us the two outputs, one gives us the [batch,maxlen,hiddenstates] and other one is [batch, hidden States of cls token]. But I did not understood when to use the specific output. Can anyone tell me for which task which output should be used??</p>
<p>The output is usually <code>[batch, maxlen, hidden_state]</code>, it can be narrowed down to <code>[batch, 1, hidden_state]</code> for <code>[CLS]</code> token, as the <code>[CLS]</code> token is 1st token in the sequence. Here , <code>[batch, 1, hidden_state]</code> can be equivalently considered as <code>[batch, ...
164
BERT model
Spacy&#39;s BERT model doesn&#39;t learn
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61943409/spacys-bert-model-doesnt-learn
<p>I've been trying to use <code>spaCy</code>'s pretrained BERT model <code>de_trf_bertbasecased_lg</code> to increase accuracy in my classification project. I used to build a model from scratch using <code>de_core_news_sm</code> and everything worked fine: I had an accuracy around 70%. But now I am using BERT pretrain...
<p>Received an answer to my question on <a href="https://github.com/explosion/spacy-transformers/issues/180" rel="nofollow noreferrer">GitHub</a> and it looks like there must be some optimizer parameters specified, just like in <a href="https://github.com/explosion/spacy-transformers/blob/v0.6.x/examples/train_textcat....
165
BERT model
Issues calculating accuracy for custom BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67420868/issues-calculating-accuracy-for-custom-bert-model
<p>I'm having some issues trying to calculate the accuracy of a custom BERT model which also uses the pretrained model from Huggingface. This is the code that I have :</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np import pandas as pd from sklearn import metrics, linear_model import torch from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataL...
166
BERT model
How to use a different pre-trained BERT model with bert_score
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/76306997/how-to-use-a-different-pre-trained-bert-model-with-bert-score
<p>I want you to use different pretrain bert model embeddings for the bert score. How can I do that? P, R, F1 = score(cand, ref, lang=&quot;bn&quot;, model_type=&quot;distilbert-base-uncased&quot;, verbose=True) In model_type if use my pretain model then it gives a keyError.</p>
<p>You need to pass num_layers configuration parameter (if it is not given, the library will search for predefined defaults in utils.py file ).</p> <pre><code>bert_score.score(['Hello world'], ['Whats up'], model_type='/home/user/bart_large', num_layers=10) </code></pre>
167
BERT model
How to get intermediate layers&#39; output of pre-trained BERT model in HuggingFace Transformers library?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61465103/how-to-get-intermediate-layers-output-of-pre-trained-bert-model-in-huggingface
<p>(I'm following <a href="https://mccormickml.com/2019/05/14/BERT-word-embeddings-tutorial/" rel="noreferrer">this</a> pytorch tutorial about BERT word embeddings, and in the tutorial the author is access the intermediate layers of the BERT model.)</p> <p>What I want is to access the last, lets say, 4 last layers of ...
<p>The third element of the BERT model's output is a tuple which consists of output of embedding layer as well as the intermediate layers hidden states. From <a href="https://huggingface.co/transformers/model_doc/bert.html#tfbertmodel" rel="noreferrer">documentation</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p><strong>hidden_states (<c...
168
BERT model
Why is BERT model with pytorch native approach not learning?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68596995/why-is-bert-model-with-pytorch-native-approach-not-learning
<p>My custom BERT model's architecture:</p> <pre><code>class BertArticleClassifier(nn.Module): def __init__(self, n_classes, freeze_bert_weights=False): super(BertArticleClassifier, self).__init__() self.bert = AutoModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased') if freeze_bert_weights: ...
169
BERT model
BERT model does not learn new task
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56769943/bert-model-does-not-learn-new-task
<p>I am trying to fine-tune a pretrained BERT model on amazon-review dataset. For that I extended the <code>run_classifier</code> file by the following processor:</p> <pre><code>class AmazonProcessor(DataProcessor): """Processor for the Amazon data set.""" def get_train_examples(self, data_dir): """See base c...
170
BERT model
Using Pretrained BERT model to add additional words that are not recognized by the model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64816669/using-pretrained-bert-model-to-add-additional-words-that-are-not-recognized-by-t
<p>I want some help regarding adding additional words in the existing BERT model. I have two quires kindly guide me:</p> <p>I am working on NER task for a domain:</p> <p>There are few words (not sure the exact numbers) that BERT recognized as [UNK], but those entities are required for the model to recognize. The pretra...
<p>BERT works well because it is pre-trained on a very large textual dataset of 3.3 billion words. Training BERT from skratch is resource-demanding and does not pay of in most reasonable use cases.</p> <p>BERT uses the wordpiece algorithm for input segmentation. This shoudl in theory ensure that there no out-of-vocabul...
171
BERT model
Try to run an NLP model with an Electra instead of a BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72680932/try-to-run-an-nlp-model-with-an-electra-instead-of-a-bert-model
<p>I want to run the <a href="https://github.com/vdobrovolskii/wl-coref" rel="nofollow noreferrer">wl-coref</a> model with an Electra model instead of a Bert model. However, I get an error message with the Electra model and can't find a hint in the Huggingface documentation on how to fix it.</p> <p>I try different BERT...
<p>Just remove the underscore <code>_</code>. <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra#transformers.ElectraModel.forward" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ELECTRA</a> does not return a pooling output like <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/bert#transformers.BertModel.forward...
172
BERT model
Predicting Sentiment of Raw Text using Trained BERT Model, Hugging Face
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69820318/predicting-sentiment-of-raw-text-using-trained-bert-model-hugging-face
<p>I'm predicting sentiment analysis of Tweets with positive, negative, and neutral classes. I've trained a BERT model using Hugging Face. Now I'd like to make predictions on a dataframe of unlabeled Twitter text and I'm having difficulty.</p> <p>I've followed the following tutorial (<a href="https://curiousily.com/pos...
<p>You can use the same code to predict texts from the dataframe column.</p> <pre><code>model = ... tokenizer = ... def predict(review_text): encoded_review = tokenizer.encode_plus( review_text, max_length=MAX_LEN, add_special_tokens=True, return_token_type_ids=False, pad_to_max_length=True...
173
BERT model
Retraining existing base BERT model with additional data
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62948266/retraining-existing-base-bert-model-with-additional-data
<p>I have generated new Base BERT model(<strong>dataset1_model_cased_L-12_H-768_A-12</strong>) using <strong>cased_L-12_H-768_A-12</strong> as trained multi label classification from <a href="https://github.com/dmis-lab/biobert/blob/master/run_classifier.py" rel="nofollow noreferrer">biobert-run_classifier</a></p> <p>I...
<p>Tensorflow Hub is a platform for sharing pre-trained model pieces or whole models, and an API to facilitate this sharing. In TF 1.x, this API was a stand-alone API and in TF 2.x this API (SavedModel: <a href="https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/saved_model" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.tensorflow.org/guide/sav...
174
BERT model
TypeError: dropout(): argument &#39;input&#39; (position 1) must be Tensor, not str Bert Model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72442319/typeerror-dropout-argument-input-position-1-must-be-tensor-not-str-bert
<p>Hi I encounter this error when I was training my Bert Model for sentiment analysis, where my classes have 3 outcomes and my input data is text.</p> <p>So I got the above error when I am training the model. I have searched some of the guides and tried to set this parameter to my bert model <code>bert_model = BertMode...
175
BERT model
How do I retrain BERT model with new data
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72040423/how-do-i-retrain-bert-model-with-new-data
<p>I have already trained a bert model and saved it in the .pb format and I want to retrain the model with new datasets that i custom made, so in order to not to lose the previous training and such, how do I train the model with the new data so the model could update it self any approaches? this is my training code dow...
176
BERT model
Retrieve the &quot;relevant tokens&quot; with a BERT model (already fine-tuned)
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66860788/retrieve-the-relevant-tokens-with-a-bert-model-already-fine-tuned
<p>I already fine-tuned a BERT model ( with the huggingface library) for a classification task to predict a post category in two types (1 and 0, for example). But, I would need to retrieve the &quot;relevant tokens&quot; for the documents that are predicted as category 1 (for example). I know that I can use the traditi...
<p>With transformer models, you can perform some explainability analysis, which is probably what you want. I would recommend looking at the transformer section of <a href="https://github.com/slundberg/shap#natural-language-example-transformers" rel="nofollow noreferrer">SHAP</a>. You just have to wrap your model in the...
177
BERT model
Train BERT model from scratch on a different language
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67957446/train-bert-model-from-scratch-on-a-different-language
<p>First i create tokenizer as follow</p> <pre><code>from tokenizers import Tokenizer from tokenizers.models import BPE,WordPiece tokenizer = Tokenizer(WordPiece(unk_token=&quot;[UNK]&quot;)) from tokenizers.trainers import BpeTrainer,WordPieceTrainer trainer = WordPieceTrainer(vocab_size=5000,min_frequency=3, ...
178
BERT model
Huggingface pre trained bert model is not working
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64365122/huggingface-pre-trained-bert-model-is-not-working
<p>I have pre-trained a bert model with custom corpus then got vocab file, checkpoints, model.bin, tfrecords, etc.</p> <p>Then I loaded the model as below :</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code># Load pre-trained model (weights) model = BertModel.from_pretrained('/content/drive/My Drive/Anirban_test_pyto...
179
BERT model
tensor type attributes in bert model returned as string
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65461593/tensor-type-attributes-in-bert-model-returned-as-string
<p>I am new to nlp and i want to build a bert model for sentiment Analysis so i am following this tuto <a href="https://curiousily.com/posts/sentiment-analysis-with-bert-and-hugging-face-using-pytorch-and-python/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://curiousily.com/posts/sentiment-analysis-with-bert-and-hugging-face-using...
<p>it seems there was A couple of changes were introduced when the switch from version 3 to version 4 was done in hugging face and can be solved like below</p> <pre><code>bert_model = BertModel.from_pretrained(PRE_TRAINED_MODEL_NAME, return_dict=False) </code></pre>
180
BERT model
I get error while downloading BERT models for summarization
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63832094/i-get-error-while-downloading-bert-models-for-summarization
<p>I'm a novice in writing neural networks. I have just started using BERT models, while running BERT for text summarization using the examples in <a href="https://pypi.org/project/bert-extractive-summarizer/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">bert extractive summarizer</a> I get the following error with the pretrained model g...
181
BERT model
BERT model : &quot;enable_padding() got an unexpected keyword argument &#39;max_length&#39;&quot;
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66743649/bert-model-enable-padding-got-an-unexpected-keyword-argument-max-length
<p>I am trying to implement the BERT model architecture using Hugging Face and KERAS. I am learning this from the Kaggle (<a href="https://www.kaggle.com/tanulsingh077/deep-learning-for-nlp-zero-to-transformers-bert" rel="noreferrer">link</a>) and try to understand it. When I tokenized my data, I face some problems and...
<p>The tokenizer used here is not the regular tokenizer, but the fast tokenizer provided by an older version of the Huggingface <code>tokenizer</code> library.</p> <p>If you wish to create the fast tokenizer using the older version of huggingface <code>transformers</code> from the notebook, you can do this:</p> <pre cl...
182
BERT model
Index out of Range in Self - BERT Model Tuning Pytorch
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75622232/index-out-of-range-in-self-bert-model-tuning-pytorch
<p>I am working on training the BERT Model for Pytorch. I'm quite new to Pytorch as well. My code as replicated from: <a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/text-classification-with-bert-in-pytorch-887965e5820f" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://towardsdatascience.com/text-classification-with-bert-in-pytorch-887965e58...
183
BERT model
How can I integrate BERT model in my notebook (Python)?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66356324/how-can-i-integrate-bert-model-in-my-notebook-python
<p>I am doing text classification with keras model (sequential). Now, what can I do to improve the model performance (the accuracy, the val accuracy, the prediction, etc). This is my model architecture:</p> <pre><code>from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import EarlyStopping, ModelCheckpoint from keras.utils.vis_utils impor...
184
BERT model
BERT Model Evaluation Measure in terms of Syntax Correctness and Semantic Coherence
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58840538/bert-model-evaluation-measure-in-terms-of-syntax-correctness-and-semantic-cohere
<p>For example I have an original sentence. The word <strong>barking</strong> corresponds to the word that is missing.</p> <pre><code>Original Sentence : The dog is barking. Incomplete Sentence : The dog is ___________. </code></pre> <p>For example, using the BERT model, it predicts the word crying instead of the wo...
<p>For <em>syntax</em>, you can use for instance <a href="https://github.com/delph-in/erg" rel="nofollow noreferrer">English Resource Grammar</a> to decide if a sentence is grammatical. It is the biggest manually curated description of English grammar, you can try an <a href="http://erg.delph-in.net/logon" rel="nofollo...
185
BERT model
&quot;gcloud ai endpoints deploy-model&quot; fails with &quot;Model server exited unexpectedly&quot; (BERT model deployment on Vertex AI)
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/79502332/gcloud-ai-endpoints-deploy-model-fails-with-model-server-exited-unexpectedly
<p>I'm encountering persistent issues deploying a custom container to Vertex AI using gcloud ai endpoints deploy-model. I'm trying to deploy a BERT model packaged in a Docker image, but I'm consistently facing errors despite providing the correct Artifact Registry image path.</p> <p>Here's a breakdown of my setup:</p> ...
186
BERT model
Bert model train don&#39;t want to stop
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65073823/bert-model-train-dont-want-to-stop
<p>I am using this code to train Bert for Turkish language model classification with 2 labels. But when I run the following code:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np import pandas as pd df = pd.read_excel (r'preparedDataNoId.xlsx') df = df.sample(frac = 1) from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split train_df,...
<p>As the error suggests you should wrap your code with an <code>if __name__ == '__main__':</code></p> <p>So your code would be:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np import pandas as pd if __name__ == '__main__': df = pd.read_excel(r'preparedDataNoId.xlsx') df = df.sample(frac=1) from sklearn.model_selection...
187
BERT model
BERT model bug encountered during training
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67360987/bert-model-bug-encountered-during-training
<p>So, I made a custom dataset consisting of reviews form several E-learning sites. What I am trying to do is build a model that can recognize emotions based on text and for training I am using the dataset I've made via scraping. While working on BERT, I encountered this error</p> <p><code>normalize() argument 2 must b...
<p>It sounds like you may have a float value in your <code>data['Text']</code> column somehow.</p> <p>You can try something like this to shed more light on what's happening:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>for i, s in enumerate(data['Text']): if not isinstance(s, str): print('Text in row %s is ...
188
BERT model
Weird behaviour when finetuning Huggingface Bert model with Tensorflow
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/72139450/weird-behaviour-when-finetuning-huggingface-bert-model-with-tensorflow
<p>I am trying to fine tune a Huggingface Bert model using Tensorflow (on ColabPro GPU enabled) for tweets sentiment analysis. I followed step by step the guide on the Huggingface website, but I am experiencing a weird training time. This happens with all the Bert models I tried. I have two datasets of different sizes ...
<p>For your first question i haven't used the bert model before so i can't say.</p> <p>For your second question well from what I understand, steps per epoch is the number of sample batches that will be used to fit the model during 1 epoch.</p> <p>So let's say your number of epochs was 2 instead of 1 and you set your st...
189
BERT model
Fine-tuning BERT sentence transformer model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69562624/fine-tuning-bert-sentence-transformer-model
<p>I am using a pre-trained BERT sentence transformer model, as described here <a href="https://www.sbert.net/docs/training/overview.html" rel="noreferrer">https://www.sbert.net/docs/training/overview.html</a> , to get embeddings for sentences.</p> <p>I want to fine-tune these pre-trained embeddings, and I am following...
<p>That actually depend on your requirement. If you have a lot of computational resources and you want to get a perfect sentence representation then you should finetune all the layers.(Which was done in the original sentence bert model)</p> <p>But if you are a student and want to create an almost good sentence represen...
190
BERT model
FastAPI return BERT model result and metrics
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65885841/fastapi-return-bert-model-result-and-metrics
<p>I have sentiment analysis model using BERT and I want to get the result from predicting text via FastAPI but it always give negative answer (I think it is because the prediction didn't give prediction result).</p> <p>This is my code:</p> <pre><code>import uvicorn from fastapi import FastAPI import joblib # models s...
<p>You are using a <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/path-params/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Path parameter</a> construction. Meaning that to call your API endpoint, you need to do such a call: <code>http://localhost:8000/predict/some_text</code>. The issue is that <code>some_text</code> contains spaces in...
191
BERT model
RuntimeError, working on IA tryna use a pre-trained BERT model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60561504/runtimeerror-working-on-ia-tryna-use-a-pre-trained-bert-model
<p>Hi here is a part of my code to use a pre-trained bert model for classification: </p> <pre><code> model = BertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained( "bert-base-uncased", # Use the 12-layer BERT model, with an uncased vocab. num_labels = 2, # The number of output labels--2 for binary classification....
<p>Finally succeed using .to(torch.int64)</p>
192
BERT model
How to use pretrained checkpoints of BERT model on semantic text similarity task?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57461607/how-to-use-pretrained-checkpoints-of-bert-model-on-semantic-text-similarity-task
<p>I am unaware to use the derived checkpoints from pre-trained BERT model for the task of semantic text similarity.</p> <p>I have run a pre-trained BERT model with some domain of corpora from scratch. I have got the checkpoints and graph.pbtxt file from the code below. But I am unaware on how to use those files for e...
193
BERT model
BERT model loss function from one hot encoded labels
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68104425/bert-model-loss-function-from-one-hot-encoded-labels
<p>For the line: loss = model(b_input_ids, token_type_ids=None, attention_mask=b_input_mask, labels=b_labels) I have labels hot encoded such that it is a tensor of 32x17, since the batch size is 32 and there are 17 classes for the text categories. However, BERT model only takes for the label with a single dimension vec...
<p>As stated in the comment, Bert for sequence classification expects the target tensor as a <code>[batch]</code> sized tensors with values spanning the range <em>[0, num_labels)</em>. A one-hot encoded tensor can be converted by <code>argmax</code>ing it over the label dim, i.e. <code>labels=b_labels.argmax(dim=1)</co...
194
BERT model
How to load a fine tuned pytorch huggingface bert model from a checkpoint file?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71561761/how-to-load-a-fine-tuned-pytorch-huggingface-bert-model-from-a-checkpoint-file
<p>I had fine tuned a bert model in pytorch and saved its checkpoints via <code>torch.save(model.state_dict(), 'model.pt')</code></p> <p>Now When I want to reload the model, I have to explain whole network again and reload the weights and then push to the device.</p> <p>Can anyone tell me how can I save the bert model ...
<p>Just save your model using model.save_pretrained, here is an example:</p> <pre><code>model.save_pretrained(&quot;&lt;path_to_dummy_folder&gt;&quot;) </code></pre> <p>You can download the model from colab, save it on your gdrive or at any other location of your choice. While doing inference, you can just give path to...
195
BERT model
Can&#39;t get &#39;bert&#39; model to run using ktrain and pandas dataframe
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73791130/cant-get-bert-model-to-run-using-ktrain-and-pandas-dataframe
<p>I try to work with ktrain to finetune bert model. I'm using pandas dataframe named train_df to store my data.</p> <p><code>x_train, x_val, y_train, y_val = train_test_split(train_df['text'], train_df['target'], shuffle=True, test_size = 0.2, random_state=random_seed, stratify=train_df['target'])</code></p> <br> I'm ...
<p>I found solution and now it is working correctly.</p> <pre><code>(x_train_bert, y_train_bert), (x_val_bert, y_val_bert), preproc = text.texts_from_array(x_train=x_train.tolist(), y_train=y_train.tolist(), x_test = x_val.tolist(), y_test=y_val.tolist(),class_names= [&quot;0&quot;, &quot;1&quot;],preprocess_mode='bert...
196
BERT model
How to Extract Features from Text based on Fine-Tuned BERT Model
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58061775/how-to-extract-features-from-text-based-on-fine-tuned-bert-model
<p>I am trying to make a binary predictor on some data which has one columns with text and some additional columns with numerical values. My first solution was to use word2vec on the text to extract 30 features and use them with the other values in a Random Forest. It produces good result. I am interested in improving ...
<p>I am dealing with this problem too. As far I know, you must fine-tune the BERT language model; according to <a href="https://github.com/google-research/bert/issues/145" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this issue</a>, <a href="https://github.com/google-research/bert#pre-training-with-bert" rel="nofollow noreferrer">masked ...
197
BERT model
How to Answer Subjective/descriptive types of lQuestions using BERT Model?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74654341/how-to-answer-subjective-descriptive-types-of-lquestions-using-bert-model
<p>I am trying to implement BERT Model for Question Answering tasks, but Its a little different from the existing Q&amp;A models, The Model will be given some text(3-4 pages) and will be asked questions based on the text, and the expected answer may be asked in short or descriptive subjective type</p> <p>I tried to im...
<p>Try longformer which can have input length 0f 4096 tokens, or even 16384 tokens with gradient checkpointing. See details in <a href="https://github.com/allenai/longformer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/allenai/longformer</a>. Or on huggingface model hub <a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/transformer...
198
BERT model
Fine tuning BERT model for text generation (crossword solver)
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/78636736/fine-tuning-bert-model-for-text-generation-crossword-solver
<p>I need assistance in my NLP project, where the goal is to predict a list of possible answers for a given crossword clue. The idea is to <strong>fine tune a BERT model using a dataset of crossword clue - answer pairs</strong>.</p> <p>train.source looks like this : Line at an airport, Kind of omelet, Susa was its capi...
199
implement regression
How to implement Poisson Regression?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37941881/how-to-implement-poisson-regression
<p>There are 2 types of Generalized Linear Models: <br>1. Log-Linear Regression, also known as Poisson Regression <br>2. Logistic Regression</p> <p>How to implement the Poisson Regression in Python for Price Elasticity prediction?</p>
<p>Have a look at the <a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/statsmodels" rel="noreferrer">statmodels</a> package in python.</p> <p>Here is an <a href="http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/urls/umich.box.com/shared/static/ir0bnkup9rywmqd54zvm.ipynb" rel="noreferrer">example</a></p> <p>A bit more of input to avoid the <strong><...
0
implement regression
Problems implementing regression neural network
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51189147/problems-implementing-regression-neural-network
<p>I've been trying for a while to implement my first regression neural network in MATLAB, following the example from figure 5.3 in page 231 from '<a href="http://users.isr.ist.utl.pt/~wurmd/Livros/school/Bishop%20-%20Pattern%20Recognition%20And%20Machine%20Learning%20-%20Springer%20%202006.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferre...
1
implement regression
How to implement L1 logistic regression?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59881343/how-to-implement-l1-logistic-regression
<p>As part of pursuing a course, I was trying to implement L1 logistic regression using scikit-learn in Python. Unfortunately for the code</p> <pre><code>clf, pred = fit_and_plot_classifier(LogisticRegression(penalty = 'l1', C=1000000)) </code></pre> <p>I get the error message</p> <pre><code>ValueError: Solver lbfgs...
<p>You can do it like you are doing in the first code snippet, but you have to define another solver. Use either ‘liblinear’ or ‘saga’, <a href="https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression.html#sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression" rel="nofollow noreferrer">check more in...
2
implement regression
implement ordinal regression in Theano
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44666127/implement-ordinal-regression-in-theano
<p>I want to implement <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinal_regression" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ordinal regression</a> in Theano. But I've no idea how to implement the middle part: threshold definition and usage.</p> <p>For example(simply say): </p> <pre><code>X = T.matrix('X', dtype='float32') # Feature ...
3
implement regression
Manually implementing Regression Likelihood Ratio Test
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49764026/manually-implementing-regression-likelihood-ratio-test
<p>I'm trying to implement my own linear regression likelihood ratio test.</p> <p>The test is where you take the sum of squares of a reduced model and the sum of squares of a full model and compare it to the F statistic.</p> <p>However, I am having some trouble implementing the function, especially when dealing with ...
<p>The error originates from line</p> <pre><code>beta_hat_full &lt;- qr.solve(t(mat)%*%mat)%*%t(mat)%*%response </code></pre> <p>If you go through your function step-by-step you will see an error</p> <blockquote> <p>Error in qr.solve(t(mat) %*% mat) : singular matrix 'a' in solve</p> </blockquote> <p>The problem ...
4
implement regression
How can I implement regression after multi-class multi-label classification?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/78572569/how-can-i-implement-regression-after-multi-class-multi-label-classification
<p>I have a dataset where some objects (15%) belong to different classes and have a property value for each of those classes. How can I make a model that predicts multi-label or multi-class and then make a regression prediction based on the output of the classifier? I also need to output the probabilities for each clas...
5
implement regression
ms access: How to implement linear regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30661809/ms-access-how-to-implement-linear-regression
<p>In excel it is possible to implement linear regression graph. But in ms access I could not find anything similar to excel. If there is nothing built in then how can I implement it.?</p>
<p>just take the data that you generated in Excel for the line regression and export it to Access.Then click on chart to get the line regression! This is the basic method.</p>
6
implement regression
Vectorized Implementation of Softmax Regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8998321/vectorized-implementation-of-softmax-regression
<p>I’m implementing softmax regression in Octave. Currently I’m using a non-vectorized implementation using following cost function and derivatives.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/l6AQf.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/l6AQf.png" alt="alt text"></a> </p> <p><a href="https://i.ssta...
<p>This is very similar to an exercise in Andrew Ng's deep learning class, they give some hints <a href="http://ufldl.stanford.edu/wiki/index.php/Exercise:Vectorization" rel="nofollow">http://ufldl.stanford.edu/wiki/index.php/Exercise:Vectorization</a></p>
7
implement regression
Implement Logistic Regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47278604/implement-logistic-regression
<p>I am applying multiple ML algorithm to this dataset so I tried logistic regression and I plotted the predictions and it seems completely off since the plot only shows data points from one class. Here is the data and what I attempted</p> <pre><code>set.seed(10) x1 &lt;- runif(500) - 0.5 x2 &lt;- runif(500) - 0.5 ...
<p><code>predict</code> returns log-odds for a logistic regression by default. To get predicted classes, use <code>type = "resp"</code> to get predicted probabilities and then use a decision rule like <code>p &gt; 0.5</code> to turn them into classes:</p> <pre><code>y.hat.3 &lt;- predict(fit.glm,dat, type = "resp") &g...
8
implement regression
How to implement regressors in a Hierarchical Series in R, with the Fable package?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65685672/how-to-implement-regressors-in-a-hierarchical-series-in-r-with-the-fable-packag
<p>I am new to exploring the fable package, and I was wanting to implement Regressors in a Hierarchical Time Series model. How should the Dimensionality of the data be? Should there be an additional column inside the <code>tsibble</code> object? For example, in an ARIMA model. Thank you very much in advance.</p>
<p>The approach for modelling hierarchical data with exogenous regressors is the same as modelling regular data. The exogenous regressors should be a column of the tsibble object used to estimate the model, for each node in the hierarchy.</p> <p>The code below shows how a simple hierarchy (<code>T = M + F</code>) can b...
9
implement regression
Problem with implement a 4-D Gaussian Processes Regression through GPML
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69673457/problem-with-implement-a-4-d-gaussian-processes-regression-through-gpml
<p>I refer to the link <a href="https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/105516/how-to-implement-a-2-d-gaussian-processes-regression-through-gpml-matlab">https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/105516/how-to-implement-a-2-d-gaussian-processes-regression-through-gpml-matlab</a> and create a 2-d Gaussian Process regre...
<p>You may create n- dimensional grids using <a href="https://de.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/ndgrid.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ndgrid</a>, but please keep in mind that it does not directly create the same output as meshgrid, you have to convert it first. (How to do that is also explained in the documentation)</p...
10
implement regression
How to implement multiple regression?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61335228/how-to-implement-multiple-regression
<p>I am practicing simple regression models as an intro to machine learning. I have reviewed a few sample models for multiple regression, which is, I believe, an extension of linear regression, but with more than 1 feature. From the examples I have seen, the syntax is the same for linear regression and multiple regress...
<p>You have a mistake in your <code>train_test_split</code> - the order of results matters; the correct usage is:</p> <pre><code>X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=.2, random_state=0) </code></pre> <p>Check the <a href="https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.model_s...
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Logistic regression Python implementation
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66051281/logistic-regression-python-implementation
<p>I tried to implement logistic regression only with numpy in Python, but the result is not satisfying. The predictions seems incorrect and loss is not improving so it is probably something wrong with the code. Does anyone know what could fix it? Thank you very much!</p> <p>Here is algorithm:</p> <pre><code>import num...
<p>At first glance you are missing you intercept term (typically called b_0, or bias) and its gradient update. Also in the backward_pass and loss calculations you are not dividing by the amount of data samples.</p> <p>You can see two examples of how to implement it from scratch here:</p> <p>1: <a href="https://towardsd...
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How do you properly implement regression with categorical explanatory variables missing values when gtsummary tbl_uvregression?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63180323/how-do-you-properly-implement-regression-with-categorical-explanatory-variables
<p>I am using <code>tbl_uvregression</code> doing logistic regression but some of the categorical explanatory variables have missing values. The missing value category is being chosen as the reference category. How do I implement the function such that I only use complete cases for each variable?</p> <p>Sample data bel...
<p>It looks like the issue is there are no missing values in the column <code>HTN</code>. There are, however, 4 observations that are blank, but this is not missing.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/1cm3u.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/1cm3u.png" alt="enter image description here" /...
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Python Implementation of Logistic Regression as Regression (Not Classification!)
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/65268985/python-implementation-of-logistic-regression-as-regression-not-classification
<p>I have a regression problem on which I want to use logistic regression - not logistic classification - because my target variables <code>y</code> are continuopus quantities between 0 and 1. However, the common implementations of logistic regression in Python seem to be exclusively logistic classification. I've also ...
<p>In statsmodels both GLM with family Binomial and discrete model Logit allow for a continuous target variable as long as the values are restricted to interval [0, 1].</p> <p>Similarly, Poisson is very useful to model non-negative valued continuous data.</p> <p>In these cases, the model is estimated by quasi maximum l...
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Implementing Kernel Ridge Regression in R
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33863234/implementing-kernel-ridge-regression-in-r
<p>I want to implement kernel ridge regression in R. My problem is that I can't figure out how to generate the kernel values and I do not know how to use them for the ridge regression. I want to use the following kernel function:</p> <pre><code>kernel.eval &lt;- function(x1,x2,ker) { k=0 if (kertype == 'RBF') { # ...
<p>Following is the code for polynomial kernel with degree 2, hope that helps!</p> <pre><code>poly.kernel &lt;- function(v1, v2=v1, p=2) { ((as.matrix(v1) %*% t(v2))+1)^p } KernelRidgeReg &lt;- function(TrainObjects,TrainLabels,TestObjects,lambda){ X &lt;- TrainObjects y &lt;- TrainLabels ...
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Random Forest Regression Implementation in PySpark
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57587475/random-forest-regression-implementation-in-pyspark
<p>I want to implement Random forest regression in pyspark after all data preparation. I want sample code for implementation.</p>
<p>From the doc (<a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/api/python/pyspark.ml.html#pyspark.ml.regression.RandomForestRegressor" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/api/python/pyspark.ml.html#pyspark.ml.regression.RandomForestRegressor</a>) :</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; from numpy impo...
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What is the easiest to implement linear regression algorithm?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31735595/what-is-the-easiest-to-implement-linear-regression-algorithm
<p>I want to implement single variable regression using ordinary least squares. I have no access to linear algebra or calculus libraries, so any matrix operations or differentiation methods needs to be implemented by me. What is the least complex method?</p>
<p>John D. Cook has an <a href="http://www.johndcook.com/blog/running_regression/" rel="nofollow">excelent post</a> on the subject with a simple C++ implementation. His implementation uses constant memory and can be parallelized with little effort. </p> <p>I wrote a simple Python version of it. Use with caution, there...
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How to implement multivariate regularized linear regression in Dlib?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54633033/how-to-implement-multivariate-regularized-linear-regression-in-dlib
<p>I implemented simple linear regression in <a href="http://dlib.net/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Dlib</a> as a single-layer perceptron with MSE-loss with a single output. The network type is:</p> <pre><code>dlib::loss_mean_squared&lt;dlib::fc&lt;1,dlib::input&lt;dlib::matrix&lt;float&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; </code></pre> <p...
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method for implementing regression tree on raster data - python
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26104434/method-for-implementing-regression-tree-on-raster-data-python
<p>I'm trying to build and implement a regression tree algorithm on some raster data in python, and can't seem to find the best way to do so. I will attempt to explain what I'm trying to do:</p> <p>My desired output is a raster image, whose values represent lake depth, call it depth.tif. I have a series of raster imag...
<p>I have had some experience using LandSat Data for the prediction of environmental properties of soil, which seems to be somewhat related to the problem that you have described above. Although I developed my own models at the time, I could describe the general process that I went through in order to map the predicte...
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How to implement a weighted logistic regression in JAGS?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67762244/how-to-implement-a-weighted-logistic-regression-in-jags
<p>I am performing a resource selection function using use and availability locations for a set of animals. For this type of analysis, an infinitely weighted logistic regression is suggested (Fithian and Hastie 2013) and is done by setting weights of used locations to 1 and available locations to some large number (e.g...
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GridSearch implementation for Keras Regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52551511/gridsearch-implementation-for-keras-regression
<p>Trying to understand and implement GridSearch method for the Keras Regression. Here is my simple producible regression application. </p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd import numpy as np import sklearn from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from sklearn import metrics from keras.models import Sequenti...
<p>I have tested your code, and I have seen that you are not using a scoring function in GridSearchCV so according to documentation <a href="https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.model_selection.GridSearchCV.html#sklearn.model_selection.GridSearchCV" rel="nofollow noreferrer">scikit-learn documentat...
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How to Implement GridSearch for Models other than Regression Models?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73031371/how-to-implement-gridsearch-for-models-other-than-regression-models
<p>Is it possible to use GridsearchCV for models which doesn't deal with regression? I have been able to implement HyperOpt and Bayes_Opt for the said model.</p>
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Getting NaN while implementing Linear regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49600778/getting-nan-while-implementing-linear-regression
<p>I am trying to implement linear regression in R. Below is my code:</p> <pre><code>library(ggplot2) df &lt;- data.frame() df&lt;-cbind(c(10000,20000,5000,5123,5345,5454,11000,23000,6000,6100,6300), c(5600,21000,1000,2000,2300,3000,7000,21400,3200,3250,3300)) df &lt;- as.data.frame(df) colnames(df)&lt;-c("Populatio...
<p>If we use the <code>print</code> for one of the 'temp', the values are getting to infinite at certain point and then for the next iteration onwards it becomes NaN</p> <pre><code>iterations &lt;- 62 for(i in 1:iterations){ temp1 &lt;- theta[1] - alpha * (1/m) * sum(((X%*%theta)- Y)) temp2 &lt;- theta[2] &lt;- t...
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Multiclass logistic regression - implementation question
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57911771/multiclass-logistic-regression-implementation-question
<p>This is my try to implement multi-class logistic regression in python using softmax as activation function and mnist digit data set as training and test set.</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np def softmax(z): return np.array([(np.exp(el)/np.sum(np.exp(el))) for el in z]) def cost(W,F,L): m = F.shape[0] #get ...
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implement regression
Trying to Implement Linear Regression with Stochastic Gradient Descent
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66756559/trying-to-implement-linear-regression-with-stochastic-gradient-descent
<p>[<a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AVNrWBwn22c1QWc6X9zG8FkvTMXHXZGuZH2sPAT9a00/edit?usp=sharing" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Dataset</a>]<a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1AVNrWBwn22c1QWc6X9zG8FkvTMXHXZGuZH2sPAT9a00/edit?usp=sharing" rel="nofollow noreferrer">1</a>I'm attempting to impleme...
<p>Adding on to the answer from @Agni</p> <p>The CSV file that you are reading has a header line</p> <p><code>num_preg PlGlcConc BloodP tricept insulin BMI ped_func Age HasDiabetes</code></p> <p>When you use <code>reader(file)</code> to read the file and then iterate over it, the first line also gets added in <...
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How to use regression in python-weka-wrapper?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66135163/how-to-use-regression-in-python-weka-wrapper
<p>I would like to implement regression algorithms using python-weka-wrapper in Jupyter Notebook. However, I couldn't find the correct function in <a href="https://fracpete.github.io/python-weka-wrapper/api.html#classifiers" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://fracpete.github.io/python-weka-wrapper/api.html#classifiers</...
<p>In the olden days, Weka distinguished between classification and regression algorithms, but that got dropped in favor of just a single super class.</p> <p>The <em>capabilities</em> of a <code>weka.classifiers.Classifier</code> determine what types of attributes and class attributes an algorithm can handle. Some algo...
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How does one implement a conditional poisson regression in R?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49024652/how-does-one-implement-a-conditional-poisson-regression-in-r
<p>I am keen to implement a conditional (bivariate?) poisson regression in R to assess the change in rates of a variable (stratified by treatment condition) pre- / post- an intervention. Is anyone familiar with a package that runs this type of analysis?</p>
<p>Check out this <a href="https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gnm/gnm.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">&quot;gnm&quot;</a> package in R. It has a function of gnm() where you can specify you model formula, family=poisson(), offset, dataset and strata id in &quot;eliminate&quot;. Please read it.</p>
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Trying to implement linear regression in python
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26678708/trying-to-implement-linear-regression-in-python
<p>I am implementing linear regression in Python, and I think I am doing something wrong while converting matrix to numpy array, but cannot seem to figure it out. Any help will be appreciated.</p> <p>I am loading data from a csv file that has 100 columns. y is the last column. I am not using col 1 and 2 for regressio...
<p>I'm not quite sure what the last <code>dot</code> is supposed to do. But you can't multiple <code>error</code> with itself this way. <code>dot</code> does a matrix multiplication, thus the dimensions have to align.</p> <p>See, e.g., the following example:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np A = np.ones((3, 4)) B = n...
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Problem in the linear regression implementation
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60133065/problem-in-the-linear-regression-implementation
<p>I am new to Machine learning and I was trying to implement vectorized linear regression from scratch using numpy. I tried testing out the implementation using y=x. But my loss is increasing and I am unable to understand why. It will be great if someone could point out why is this happening. Thanks in advance!</p> <...
<p>Nothing is wrong with your implementation. Your step size is just too high to converge. You are bouncing around the optimization crest to higher and higher error. <a href="https://i.sstatic.net/cSd1H.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/cSd1H.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a> e...
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Linear Regression using fminunc Implementation
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44848279/linear-regression-using-fminunc-implementation
<p>I'm trying to implement linear regression with only one feature using <code>fminunc</code> in Octave.</p> <p>Here is my code.</p> <pre class="lang-matlab prettyprint-override"><code>x = load('/home/battousai/Downloads/ex2Data/ex2x.dat'); y = load('/home/battousai/Downloads/ex2Data/ex2y.dat'); m = length(y); x =...
<p>From the documentation for fminunc:</p> <blockquote> <p>FCN should accept a vector (array) defining the unknown variables</p> </blockquote> <p>and</p> <blockquote> <p>X0 determines a starting guess. </p> </blockquote> <p>Since your input is a <em>cost</em> function (i.e. it associates your choice of paramete...
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Scratch implementation of ridge regression
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/79299410/scratch-implementation-of-ridge-regression
<p>I am trying to implement Ridge regression but I feel like I am missing something with the Python operators. Here is my code:</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np x = np.random.rand(10, 2) y = np.random.rand(10, 1) lambda_reg = 0.1 alpha = 0.1 num_iterations = 100000 X_train = np.hstack((np.ones((x.shape[0...
<p>Some observations about your optimization function:</p> <ol> <li>Why are you dividing by N? You're making your gradient smaller than necessary, and you're not applying that scaling to the second term in your gradient, changing the relationship between the components of your gradient (making the residual-driven term ...
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Logistic Regression, Gradient Descent Octave implementation
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63046676/logistic-regression-gradient-descent-octave-implementation
<p>I'm taking the Machine Learning class by Prof. Ng. There is a homework need to implement logistic regression gradient descent. And here is my code:</p> <pre><code>function [J, grad] = costFunction(theta, X, y) %COSTFUNCTION Compute cost and gradient for logistic regression % J = COSTFUNCTION(theta, X, y) computes ...
<p>I believe you were supposed to get the average of the gradient <code>grad = grad / m</code> as well, just like for the cost <code>J</code>. But it has been a while since I last did Andrew Ng's course, so I might be wrong.</p>
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Logistic regression implementation not working
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56041493/logistic-regression-implementation-not-working
<p>Recently, I have been reading about machine learning of which logistic regression is one. After reading, to test my understanding, I tried to implement LR in Java. When I tested it on Logical OR and Logical AND, it seemed to work. But, when I tried it on marks to decide accepted or rejected job applicants, it failed...
<p>The problem you are having with Logistic Regression is called underfitting, this is a very common problem for simple machine learning models. By this I mean that the model does not adjust correctly to the data. There are different reasons for this to happen:</p> <ul> <li><p>The model is to simple (or the dataset is...
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