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In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Q: Context_1 : The Southold Town Police Department, commonly referred to as STPD, is a professional police organization responsible for primary jurisdictional law enforcement for the town of Southold, New York. Southold Town is located in Suffolk County. The Southold Town Police Headquarters are located in the hamlet of Peconic, New York, with an address of 53095 Route 25, Peconic, NY 11958. (631) 765-2600. Context_2 : The North Fork of Long Island AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in eastern Suffolk County, New York. Authored by winemaker Richard Olsen-Harbich in 1985, it includes the entire North Fork of Long Island and the townships of Riverhead, Shelter Island, and Southold. The North Fork of Long Island is home to 38 wineries and 3000 acre of planted vineyards. The local climate is heavily influenced by the presence of Long Island Sound, Peconic Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean. The maritime influences of these bodies of water help to moderate temperature fluctuations and extend the growing season up to a month longer than other regions in New York. The most planted grape varieties in the region are Merlot, Chardonnay, and Cabernet Franc. The hardiness zone is 7a. Context_3 : South Jamesport is a hamlet in the town of Riverhead, Suffolk County, New York, United States. The community is located on the north shore of the Great Peconic Bay. South Jamesport has a post office with ZIP code 11970, which opened on February 2, 1893. Context_4 : The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office is the oldest law enforcement agency in Suffolk County, New York, having been established in 1683. The Sheriff's Office currently employs over 1200 people, including 898 correction officers, 254 deputy sheriffs, and 130 civilian personnel. Its Office and Business Operations are located at the Riverhead Correctional Facility, 100 Center Drive South in Riverhead (although it bears the Riverhead name, it is actually south of the Peconic River in Riverside in the Town of Southampton). Context_5 : Riverhead Central School District is a public school district located in the eastern part of Suffolk County, New York, United States. It primarily serves the Town of Riverhead, as well as 10 sqmi in the Town of Southampton and 3 sqmi in the Town of Brookhaven, and includes the census-designated places(CDPs) of Aquebogue, Baiting Hollow, Northville, Riverhead, and Riverside, and portions of Calverton, Flanders, Hampton Bays, Jamesport, Northampton, and Wading River. The total district size is 81 sqmi . Context_6 : Peconic County (/pəˈkɒnɪk kaʊntiː/) is a proposed new county on Long Island in New York that would secede the five easternmost towns of Suffolk County: East Hampton, Riverhead, Shelter Island, Southampton and Southold, plus the Shinnecock Indian Reservation. Context_7 : Riverhead is a town within Suffolk County, New York, on the north shore of Long Island. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,506. The town rests on the mouth of the Peconic River, from which it derives its name. Since 1727, Riverhead has been the county seat of Suffolk County. The smaller hamlet of Riverhead lies within it, and is the town's principal economic center. The town is 166 miles (267 km) southwest of Boston via the Orient Point-New London Ferry, and is 76 miles (123 km) northeast of New York City. Context_8 : The Riverhead Town Police Department, commonly referred to as RPD, is a professional police organization responsible for primary jurisdictional law enforcement for the Town of Riverhead, New York. The Town of Riverhead is located in Suffolk County. The Riverhead Town Police Headquarters are located in Riverhead, with an address of 210 Howell Avenue, Riverhead, NY 11901 (631) 727-4500. Context_9 : The Peconic River is a river within Suffolk County on Long Island, New York in the United States. The river is located in the eastern end of Long Island. The Peconic River drains an area between the Harbor Hill and Ronkonkoma terminal moraines, and flows into Flanders Bay which in turn connects to Peconic Bay east of Riverhead. Context_10 : Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It primarily serves the western part of the Town of Southold, as well as a small portion of the Town of Riverhead, and includes the census-designated places of Mattituck, Cutchogue and Laurel, and portions of Jamesport and Peconic. To the east, the district is bordered by the Southold Union Free School District; and on the west, the Riverhead Central School District. fact_1 : Riverhead is a town within Suffolk County, New York, on the north shore of Long Island. fact_2 : The town rests on the mouth of the Peconic River, from which it derives its name. fact_3 : The Peconic River is a river within Suffolk County on Long Island, New York in the United States. Question: Riverhead is a town that rests on the mouth of the Peconic River that is a river within Suffolk County in what state?
A: New York
****
Q: Context_1 : "Are You Getting Enough?" is a song by British rapper Professor Green, featuring singer Miles Kane. It was released on 21 July 2013 and it only appears on the deluxe version of "Growing Up in Public". The track features vocals from the British singer Miles Kane. The song was written by Professor Green, Miles Kane and Kid Harpoon, and produced by Kid Harpoon. Context_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Context_3 : "Come Closer" is a song by the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 18 February 2011. In interviews he has described this song as sleazy. The song was inspired by John Lennon. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as digital download. The first 500 7" came with a signed set of lyrics by Miles Kane. Context_4 : Casey McPherson (born September 15, 1978 in Lake Jackson, Texas) is a singer/songwriter based in Austin, Texas. He is currently the frontman of the band Alpha Rev and formerly sang in the band Endochine. Context_5 : Baron Batch (born December 21, 1987), self-styled "The Artist", a Pittsburgh-based entrepreneur and former American football running back who retired from the NFL in 2013. He is known for his "FREE" art drops, where he posts pictures of giveaway paintings on Instagram and Twitter, leaving clues to their location. He played college football at Texas Tech University. Batch chose to play college football at Texas Tech University over offers from Northwestern University, Duke University, and New Mexico State University. Batch is from Midland, Texas. He is the owner and creator of Angry Man Salsa and creative director of Studio AM. He is the brother of Brian Batch of the band Alpha Rev. Context_6 : "Inhaler" is a song and debut release of the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 19 November 2010. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as a Digital download on iTunes. The song was re-released on 8 July 2011. Matt Collar of AllMusic describes the song as "bluesy acid garage". Joe Zadeh of Clash comments that the song is "brilliantly executed, explosive indie rock". The song is based on a riff borrowed from "Mother Nature Father Earth", a song by the 1960s garage rock band The Music Machine. Context_7 : Aaron Nicholas Cupples is an Australian born, London (UK) based, record producer, composer and musician. He has produced, composed or mixed for artists such as Blanck Mass, Civil Civic, The Vaccines, The Drones, Miles Kane, Broken Social Scene, Paul Kelly, Dominique Young Unique, Dan Kelly, Snowman, and Standish/Carlyon. Context_8 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. He was also the former frontman of the Rascals, before the band announced their break-up in August 2009. Context_9 : Hotel Shampoo is the third solo album by Welsh musician and Super Furry Animals front-man Gruff Rhys. It was released on 14 February 2011 through Onvi Records/Turnstile (in the UK) and Wichita (in the US) and peaked at number forty-two on the UK Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Shark Ridden Waters", "Sensations In The Dark", "Honey All Over" and "Space Dust #2"; the latter of which is collaboration with Sarah Assbring and Miles Kane. The album won the 2011 Welsh Music Prize and the Album of the Year award at the Artrocker Awards 2011. Context_10 : Aaron Howard Johnson (born February 8, 1977) is an American music producer. Aaron has produced and mixed many artists including Alpha Rev, Secondhand Serenade, Katie Herzig, Adam Ezra, and Eve6, but he is best known for being the producer of the Denver-based rock band the Fray. fact_1 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. fact_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Question: Are Miles Kane and Alpha Rev both based in the US?
A: no
****
Q: Context_1 : Wake Up Call is an album by British bluesman John Mayall (also called as an John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers album) with various special guest appearances by Buddy Guy, Mick Taylor, Mavis Staples and a few other musicians, released on April 6, 1993. Context_2 : John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers was an English blues rock band, led by singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist John Mayall, OBE. While never producing a radio-friendly hit on their own, the Bluesbreakers greatest legacy is as an incubator for British rock and blues musicians. Many of the best known bands to come out of Britain in the 1960s and 1970s had members that came through the Bluesbreakers at one time, forming the foundation of British blues music that still appears heavily in classic rock radio. Among those with a tenure in the Bluesbreakers are Eric Clapton and Jack Bruce (later of Cream), Peter Green, Mick Fleetwood, and John McVie (who would form Fleetwood Mac), Mick Taylor (the Rolling Stones), Aynsley Dunbar (Frank Zappa and The Mothers of Invention), and numerous other musicians. Context_3 : The 1982 Reunion Concert is a live album from a concert by British Bluesman John Mayall. His sidemen are Mick Taylor on guitar, John McVie on bass and Colin Allen on drums. The concert took place at the Wax Museum, Washington DC, on 17 June 1982. It was released in 1994 by Repertoire Records as a CD credited to John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers. Context_4 : Buddy Whittington is an American guitarist. He began playing the guitar inspired by his sister's records of The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and John Mayall's Bluesbreakers with Eric Clapton. At the age of 14 he was already a part of the Dallas/Fort Worth music scene and playing regularly in the clubs along Jacksboro Highway. While attending high school, Whittington played in a band called Short Change, which opened for Point Blank, a band that he would later join, replacing guitar player Kim Davis. During the early 1980s, he formed and sang with his own band, The Sidemen. In 1991, they opened for John Mayall and when Coco Montoya left the Bluesbreakers in 1993, Mayall called him to take his place in the band. In Mayall's band Whittington sang occasionally and contributed to songwriting. When, after fifteen years, Mayall disbanded the Bluesbreakers, Whittington continued to gig in Texas, but also joined forces with Roger Cotton and Pete Stroud, who had toured with Mayall as part of Peter Green's band. Context_5 : 14 On Fire was a concert tour by The Rolling Stones, which started on 21 February 2014 in Abu Dhabi. It was a follow-up to the 50 & Counting... tour which celebrated the 50th anniversary of the band. The tour was very much similar to the 50 & Counting... just as the "Urban Jungle" portion of the Stones' Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour in 1990 was similar to the "Steel Wheels" portion in 1989. "14 On Fire" had the same stage design, setlist structure, and clothing/merchandise as 50 & Counting… Also, Mick Taylor was a guest throughout this tour as in 50 & Counting. Context_6 : Looking Back is the seventh album released by John Mayall in August 1969 by Decca Records. The album features songs by both John Mayall's Bluesbreakers and John Mayall solo work. The album reached No. 79 on the "Billboard" 200. Confusingly, there are two different albums with the title "Looking Back": a Decca UK release as a single album (SKL 5010) and a Decca Germany (issued by TELDEC) release as a double album (DS 3104/1-2). Later issues on CD would use the Deram label. Context_7 : Blues Breakers with Eric Clapton ( The Beano Album) is a 1966 blues/blues rock album recorded by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers with Eric Clapton as part of the band. It is the second album credited to John Mayall after the live "John Mayall Plays John Mayall". Clapton left to form Cream after this recording, though would team up again in 1971 for the double LP "Back to the Roots". Context_8 : "Crawling up a Hill" is a song written by John Mayall, and recorded by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers. The song was released as a studio recorded single in 1964 and as part of the live album, "John Mayall Plays John Mayall", in 1965. The single was the first released recording to feature future Fleetwood Mac core member John McVie on bass. Context_9 : Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74). He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including "Let It Bleed", "Sticky Fingers" and "Exile on Main St.". Context_10 : John Mayall Plays John Mayall is the debut album by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers, released in 1965, Decca LK 4680. This album was recorded live at Klooks Kleek on none }} . Roger Dean stated in an interview that they ran cables out of the window of the club to the Decca Studio about 100 yards away for this recording. fact_1 : 14 On Fire was a concert tour by The Rolling Stones, which started on 21 February 2014 in Abu Dhabi. fact_2 : "14 On Fire" had the same stage design, setlist structure, and clothing/merchandise as 50 & Counting… Also, Mick Taylor was a guest throughout this tour as in 50 & Counting. fact_3 : He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including "Let It Bleed", "Sticky Fingers" and "Exile on Main St.". Question: In addition to being a guest on their 14 on Fire tour, what Stones' classic albums did former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, appear on?
A: | Let It Bleed, Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St.
****
| 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
See one example below:
Problem: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Take 6, released in 1988 on Reprise Records, is the first album by the American contemporary Gospel music group Take 6. The album won the group their first two Grammy Awards for Best Jazz Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and Best Soul Gospel Performance by a Duo, Group, Choir or Chorus. It also earned the group their first three Dove Awards for Group of the Year, Contemporary Black Gospel Album of the Year, and Contemporary Black Gospel Song of the Year. Context_2 : Songs of Faith is the debut studio album by American singer Aretha Franklin, Released in 1956 by JVB/Battle Records. The album was recorded live when Franklin was aged 14 at New Bethel Baptist Church, the church of her father Reverend C. L. Franklin. The album was originally issued on JVB LP 100 and Battle LP 6105. It is always known on Checker Records as Checker LPS-10009. Songs of Faith has been reissued many times under various names. It is known also as "The Gospel Soul of Aretha Franklin", "Aretha's Gospel", "Precious Lord", "You Grow Closer", "Never Grow Old", and "The First Album". Context_3 : George Nelson Allen (September 7, 1812 – December 9, 1877) was an American composer and geologist who was associated with Oberlin College, where he taught for 34 years. He is primarily known today for writing the melody to the hymn Precious Lord, Take My Hand. He also served on the first geological survey of Yellowstone National Park, under Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden. Context_4 : ("Give Me That") "Old-Time Religion" (and similar spellings) is a traditional Gospel song dating from 1873, when it was included in a list of Jubilee songs—or earlier. It has become a standard in many Protestant hymnals, though it says nothing about Jesus or the gospel, and covered by many artists. Some scholars, such as Forrest Mason McCann, have asserted the possibility of an earlier stage of evolution of the song, in that "the tune may go back to English folk origins" (later dying out in the white repertoire but staying alive in the work songs of African Americans). In any event, it was by way of Charles Davis Tillman that the song had incalculable influence on the confluence of black spiritual and white gospel song traditions in forming the genre now known as southern gospel. Tillman was largely responsible for publishing the song into the repertoire of white audiences. It was first heard sung by African-Americans and written down by Tillman when he attended a camp meeting in Lexington, South Carolina in 1889. Context_5 : Gospel music is a genre of Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music usually has dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century, with roots in the black oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were often repeated in a call and response fashion. Most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella. The first published use of the term "gospel song" probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby. Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate. Context_6 : Precious Lord is the 16th studio album by Al Green and his third gospel album, released in 1982. Context_7 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. Context_8 : "Kid" Prince Moore was an American blues musician, from the United States, who recorded 17 songs from 1936 to 1938. Moore played in a Piedmont blues style, similar to that of Blind Blake. Moore also recorded two Gospel Music tracks, "Church Bells" and "Sign of Judgement". Moore also accompanied blues pianist Shorty Bob Parker on six of his own tracks. Bruce Bastin, in his book ""Red River Blues: The Blues Tradition in the Southeast"", suggests that Moore may have originated from The Carolinas, but as of 2017 there is no documented knowledge of Moore's life. Context_9 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Context_10 : "You'll Need Somebody on Your Bond" (later titled "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond") is a gospel song that is attributed to both tradition and to gospel blues musician Blind Willie Johnson. Johnson first recorded the song in December 1930, although Delta blues musician Charley Patton recorded a similar "You're Gonna Need Somebody When You Die" in October 1929. Over the years, several other musicians have recorded renditions of the song. fact_1 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. fact_2 : The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. fact_3 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". fact_4 : Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Question: "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" is a gospel song written by a man who earlier in his life was a leading blues pianist known as who?
Solution: | Georgia Tom | 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Divine Heresy is an American metal band formed by founder of Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares and Devolved drummer John Sankey. Although the band's origins trace back to 2002, Divine Heresy was officially formed in 2006. The band currently consists of guitarist Cazares, former Vital Remains drummer and current World Under Blood drummer Tim Yeung, former Nile bassist Joe Payne and vocalist Travis Neal. Tommy "Vext" Cummings was fired from Divine Heresy following an onstage altercation on April 26, 2008. After holding auditions for a new frontman for the band, it was announced on August 14 that The Bereaved vocalist Travis Neal is to fill the position. Context_2 : Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989. Throughout the band's career, they have released nine full-length albums and have evolved through a succession of styles, including nu metal, death metal, groove metal, and Industrial Death Metal. Fear Factory was enormously influential on the heavy metal scene in the mid-to-late 1990s. Fear Factory went on hold in March 2002 following some internal disputes, but reformed a year later without founding member Dino Cazares, adding bassist Byron Stroud, and previous bassist Christian Olde Wolbers as guitarist. Context_3 : TT Quick was an American heavy metal band from Osbornsville, New Jersey that formed in 1979. The band started on the highly competitive New Jersey bar band cover music circuit. In 1983 Jon Zazula began the iconic Megaforce Records, signing T.T.Quick, along with Metallica, Anthrax and Overkill and several others. The band would release a debut EP on the Megaforce subsidiary Avalanche imprint in 1984. The highly regarded "Metal Of Honor" album would follow in 1986. Following a lull of several years the reunion release "Sloppy Seconds" would debut on the Halycon label in 1989 to be followed by the "Thrown Together Live" opus in 1992. A breakup and reunion would produce the CD entitled "Ink" in 2000. Recognized as outstanding players, guitarist Dave DiPietro in particular stood out as a mentor to Zakk Wylde and Dave Sabo who would later star with Ozzy Osbourne and Skid Row respectively. In 2009, lead singer Mark Tornillo joined the heavy metal group Accept. Context_4 : Joseph "Joe" Payne is an American musician. He was born in Tampa, Florida in 1984. He is a heavy metal bassist and guitarist. Until 2011, Payne played bass in the metal band Divine Heresy with Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares, vocalist Travis Neal and ex-Vital Remains and Hate Eternal drummer Tim Yeung. Context_5 : Halford is an American heavy metal band formed in 1999 by British singer Rob Halford, who is best known as the lead vocalist for Judas Priest. Halford formed the band to return to his heavy metal roots. His two previous projects were a "street metal"-style band called Fight and the industrial metal band 2wo. Context_6 : Chimaira is an American heavy metal band from Cleveland, Ohio. Formed in 1998, the group was a notable member of the New Wave of American Heavy Metal scene. The band's name is derived from the word Chimera, a monstrous creature in Greek mythology. Throughout its history, the band endured numerous line-up changes, leaving vocalist Mark Hunter as the only constant member. The band dissolved in 2014, but announced a one-off reunion in late 2017. Context_7 : Slough Feg (also known as The Lord Weird Slough Feg) is an American heavy metal band from Pennsylvania, formed in 1990 and is currently based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Taking their name from the Celtic folklore-influenced comic book Sláine, the band released their self-titled debut album in 1996. The band combines influences from traditional heavy metal bands such as Iron Maiden, Brocas Helm and Thin Lizzy, and English folk metal band Skyclad. Context_8 : Nathan Jonas "Joey" Jordison (born April 26, 1975), is an American musician, songwriter, record producer and multi-instrumentalist, best known for his work as the former drummer and co-songwriter for the American heavy metal band Slipknot as well as guitarist in the American horror punk band Murderdolls. Jordison played in Slipknot since their formation in 1995 until his departure from the band in December 2013. He was the drummer and founder of the American heavy metal band Scar the Martyr which formed in 2013 and disbanded in 2016. He grew up in Waukee, Iowa with his parents and two sisters, and was given his first drum kit at the age of 8. He performed in several bands until joining in the summer of 1995 with the group The Pale Ones, which would later change their name to Slipknot. Of Slipknot's nine-member lineup which lasted from 1999–2010, Joey was the third to join the band. Context_9 : Boize was a Canadian heavy metal and glam metal band based in Montreal, Quebec. The band was formed in the spring of 1989 in Laval, Quebec when vocalist Perry Blainey responded to an advertisement placed in the Montreal Gazette newspaper by bassist and keyboardist Stéphane Fania and guitarist Robert Kourie. Boize was associated with record label Aquarius Records and was managed by Canadian musician star and recording studio owner Bill Hill, under his music production company and management agency Bill Hill Productions. The band also had a brief association with South American heavy metal legend Alvacast, when singer Carlos "Charly" Lopez joined Boize as new vocalist in the fall of 1992. Context_10 : Kurdt Vanderhoof (born June 28, 1961) is an American guitarist, best known as the lead guitarist and founding member of the American heavy metal band Metal Church. As early as 1976, in Aberdeen, Vanderhoof was ardently networking with local musicians and had formed a band called Tyr, which included Kirk Arrington on drums and Vanderhoof on rhythm guitar. In 1978 Vanderhoof joined Seattle hardcore punk band The Lewd adopting the stage name "Blobbo" on bass guitar, switching instruments to guitar the following year. The Lewd relocated from Seattle to San Francisco in 1980. Following Vanderhoof's departure from The Lewd he formed Metal Church, named after a nickname given to his San Francisco apartment. Vanderhoof moved back to his hometown, Aberdeen, Washington, with a vinyl single of Trash Can Baby as proof of his interlude with the Lewd. In the summer of 1982, he formed a heavy metal cover band named Shrapnel. It consisted of Tom Weber on drums, Duke Erickson on bass (both from Hoquiam), Mike Murphey ("muff", from Montesano) and a guitar player Vanderhoof had jammed with in high school(Aberdeen). Shrapnel played four events to warm up, including a frat party at Pacific Lutheran University, after which the other guitar player quit, having had a religious experience, unwilling to cover The Number of The Beast by Iron Maiden. His part was replaced by Craig Wells of Aberdeen, and Tom was eventually replaced by Kirk Arrington (also from Hoquiam) on drums. When Mike Murphy left the band, they recruited David Wayne for vocal duties. By 1983, Shrapnel had renamed itself to Vanderhoof's original band name, Metal Church. fact_1 : Until 2011, Payne played bass in the metal band Divine Heresy with Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares, vocalist Travis Neal and ex-Vital Remains and Hate Eternal drummer Tim Yeung. fact_2 : Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989. Question: Which of the band with which Joe Payne played is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989?
[EX A]: Fear Factory
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Crab dip, sometimes referred to as Maryland crab dip, is a thick, creamy dip that is typically prepared from cream cheese and lump crab meat. Other primary ingredients such as mayonnaise may be used. Various types of crab preparations, species and superfamilies are used, as are a variety of added ingredients. It is typically served hot, although cold versions also exist. Hot versions are typically baked or broiled. It is sometimes served as an appetizer. Accompaniments may include crackers and various breads. Some U.S. restaurants offer crab dip, commercially produced varieties exist, and some stadiums offer it as a part of their concessions. Context_2 : Corn crab soup is a dish found in Chinese cuisine, American Chinese cuisine, and Canadian Chinese cuisine. The soup is actually cream of corn soup with egg white and crab meat or imitation crab meat added. It is most likely of southern Chinese origin. Context_3 : Deviled crab (croqueta de jaiba in Spanish) is a crab meat croquette. The crab meat is slowly sauteed with seasonings, breaded (traditionally with stale Cuban bread), rolled into the approximate shape of a rugby football or a small potato, and deep fried. Context_4 : This is a list of crab dishes. Crabs live in all the world's oceans, in fresh water, and on land, are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton and have a single pair of claws. Crab meat is the meat found within a crab. It is used in many cuisines across the world. Context_5 : Crab sticks, krab sticks, imitation crab meat or seafood sticks are a form of kamaboko, a processed seafood made of starch and finely pulverized white fish (surimi), shaped and cured to resemble the leg meat of snow crab or Japanese spider crab. Context_6 : Portunus haanii (swimming crab, red swimming crab, red swimmer crab, or warty swimming crab) is a species of crab. It is a source of commercial crab meat in Vietnam and China. Context_7 : West Indies Salad is a variation of crab meat ceviche that originated in the Mobile, Alabama area and is still a regional seafood delicacy enjoyed today. West Indies Salad has been claimed as being created by the restaurateur Bill Bayley, the owner of Bayley's Restaurant south of Mobile on Dauphin Island Parkway, in 1947. There are variations of the recipe, but the ingredients should always include lump blue crab meat, diced sweet white onions, garlic, lemon juice, cider vinegar, salt, pepper, and vegetable oil (traditionally Wesson oil). There are recipes in the cookbook of the Junior League of Mobile (first published in the 1964 version of this cookbook) and the recently in the Times Picayune of New Orleans. The dish is offered in many restaurants in the Mobile Bay area. Context_8 : A California roll or California maki is a "makizushi" sushi roll, usually made inside-out, containing cucumber, crab meat or imitation crab, and avocado. Sometimes crab salad is substituted for the crab stick, and often the outer layer of rice in an inside-out roll ("uramaki") is sprinkled with toasted sesame seeds, "tobiko" or "masago" (capelin roe). Context_9 : Crab Rangoon, sometimes called crab puffs, crab rangoon puffs, or cheese wontons, are deep-fried dumpling appetizers served in American Chinese and, more recently, Thai restaurants, stuffed with a combination of cream cheese, crab meat or imitation crab meat, scallions, and/or garlic and onion. These fillings are then wrapped in Chinese wonton wrappers in a triangular or flower shape, then deep-fried in vegetable oil. The dish can also be baked. Context_10 : Eggs Neptune is a layered breakfast or brunch dish consisting of a split English muffin, crab meat, poached eggs, and hollandaise sauce. It is a variation of Eggs Benedict with crab meat replacing Canadian bacon. fact_1 : A California roll or California maki is a "makizushi" sushi roll, usually made inside-out, containing cucumber, crab meat or imitation crab, and avocado. fact_2 : Sometimes crab salad is substituted for the crab stick, and often the outer layer of rice in an inside-out roll ("uramaki") is sprinkled with toasted sesame seeds, "tobiko" or "masago" (capelin roe). fact_3 : Crab sticks, krab sticks, imitation crab meat or seafood sticks are a form of kamaboko, a processed seafood made of starch and finely pulverized white fish (surimi), shaped and cured to resemble the leg meat of snow crab or Japanese spider crab. Question: If a California roll doesn't contain real crab meat, then what might there be a form of in it's place?
[EX A]: kamaboko
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Take 6, released in 1988 on Reprise Records, is the first album by the American contemporary Gospel music group Take 6. The album won the group their first two Grammy Awards for Best Jazz Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and Best Soul Gospel Performance by a Duo, Group, Choir or Chorus. It also earned the group their first three Dove Awards for Group of the Year, Contemporary Black Gospel Album of the Year, and Contemporary Black Gospel Song of the Year. Context_2 : Songs of Faith is the debut studio album by American singer Aretha Franklin, Released in 1956 by JVB/Battle Records. The album was recorded live when Franklin was aged 14 at New Bethel Baptist Church, the church of her father Reverend C. L. Franklin. The album was originally issued on JVB LP 100 and Battle LP 6105. It is always known on Checker Records as Checker LPS-10009. Songs of Faith has been reissued many times under various names. It is known also as "The Gospel Soul of Aretha Franklin", "Aretha's Gospel", "Precious Lord", "You Grow Closer", "Never Grow Old", and "The First Album". Context_3 : George Nelson Allen (September 7, 1812 – December 9, 1877) was an American composer and geologist who was associated with Oberlin College, where he taught for 34 years. He is primarily known today for writing the melody to the hymn Precious Lord, Take My Hand. He also served on the first geological survey of Yellowstone National Park, under Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden. Context_4 : ("Give Me That") "Old-Time Religion" (and similar spellings) is a traditional Gospel song dating from 1873, when it was included in a list of Jubilee songs—or earlier. It has become a standard in many Protestant hymnals, though it says nothing about Jesus or the gospel, and covered by many artists. Some scholars, such as Forrest Mason McCann, have asserted the possibility of an earlier stage of evolution of the song, in that "the tune may go back to English folk origins" (later dying out in the white repertoire but staying alive in the work songs of African Americans). In any event, it was by way of Charles Davis Tillman that the song had incalculable influence on the confluence of black spiritual and white gospel song traditions in forming the genre now known as southern gospel. Tillman was largely responsible for publishing the song into the repertoire of white audiences. It was first heard sung by African-Americans and written down by Tillman when he attended a camp meeting in Lexington, South Carolina in 1889. Context_5 : Gospel music is a genre of Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music usually has dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century, with roots in the black oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were often repeated in a call and response fashion. Most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella. The first published use of the term "gospel song" probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby. Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate. Context_6 : Precious Lord is the 16th studio album by Al Green and his third gospel album, released in 1982. Context_7 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. Context_8 : "Kid" Prince Moore was an American blues musician, from the United States, who recorded 17 songs from 1936 to 1938. Moore played in a Piedmont blues style, similar to that of Blind Blake. Moore also recorded two Gospel Music tracks, "Church Bells" and "Sign of Judgement". Moore also accompanied blues pianist Shorty Bob Parker on six of his own tracks. Bruce Bastin, in his book ""Red River Blues: The Blues Tradition in the Southeast"", suggests that Moore may have originated from The Carolinas, but as of 2017 there is no documented knowledge of Moore's life. Context_9 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Context_10 : "You'll Need Somebody on Your Bond" (later titled "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond") is a gospel song that is attributed to both tradition and to gospel blues musician Blind Willie Johnson. Johnson first recorded the song in December 1930, although Delta blues musician Charley Patton recorded a similar "You're Gonna Need Somebody When You Die" in October 1929. Over the years, several other musicians have recorded renditions of the song. fact_1 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. fact_2 : The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. fact_3 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". fact_4 : Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Question: "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" is a gospel song written by a man who earlier in his life was a leading blues pianist known as who?
[EX A]: | Georgia Tom
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : The 55th Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Sunday 7 April 2013 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast on the Nine Network and simulcast of Today Network's radio stations. Public voting for the "Most Popular" categories were conducted through an online survey from late November 2012 to 10 February 2013. Nominations were announced on 11 March 2013. Network Ten's "Offspring" received the most nominations with eight. "Hamish and Andy's Euro Gap Year", "", "Home and Away", "Howzat! Kerry Packer's War", and "Puberty Blues" each received five nominations. Television presenter Brian Henderson was inducted into the Logies Hall of Fame. Context_2 : Metropolis is a musical based on the 1927 silent movie of the same name that was staged at the Piccadilly Theatre in London in 1989. The music was written by Joe Brooks, the lyrics by Dusty Hughes. The show was directed by Jérôme Savary. The cast included Judy Kuhn, Brian Blessed, Graham Bickley, Jonathan Adams, Paul Keown and Stifyn Parri. The musical marked the London debut of Judy Kuhn, who left the show shortly before the end of its run to be replaced by Mary Lincoln. The production was notable for its set design by Ralph Koltai. Context_3 : Brian Blessed {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 9 October 1936) is an English actor, writer, and presenter. He is known for his booming voice and his roles in "I, Claudius", "Blackadder", and "Flash Gordon". Context_4 : Kidnapped ("A timeless tale of honor, bravery and adventure") is a 1995 TV adventure drama film directed by Ivan Passer and starring Armand Assante as Highlander Alan Breck and Brian McCardie as Lowlander David Balfour. Among the supporting actors are Michael Kitchen and Brian Blessed. The film was based on the book titled "Kidnapped" by author Robert Louis Stevenson. Christopher Reeve had originally been cast as Breck prior to his spinal cord injury in a horse race which left him a quadriplegic on May 27, 1995. Context_5 : Adrian Rigelsford (born 1969, in Cambridge) is a writer and TV historian whose factual and fictional work has been subject to controversy. In June 2004, he was convicted of stealing photographs from the "Daily Mail"/Associated Newspapers archive in Kensington. Rigelsford has ghost written biographies of Peter Sellers and Brian Blessed and books about "Doctor Who". Context_6 : Pāvels Gumennikovs (born January 1, 1986) is a Latvian film director, actor, writer, and producer. He started his film career in China, where he directed his first film "Kaleidoscope" (2010) that won him a best young director and best film award in Chinese Young Film director Festival. After that he directed a movie "I love You Riga" that become 3rd highest grossing in a country and was one of the 2 films considered to be nomination for Oscar. It was the runner out at the end for Oscar nomination (2011) that become one of the most successful movies in Latvia and were screened in cinemas around the country and participated in European Film Festivals, after that he directed a critique very well received TV show "Yes Boss" (2012), that was proclaimed as best made show in Latvia for great acting and directing. It was a revolutionary TV Show for Latvia, as it was first TV Show shoot in outside locations with scale of Hollywood TV Show production. The TV Show was shown on Muz-TV channel and TV5 and was seen by 300,000 people online. Context_7 : Stephen Nicholas (born 23 August 1978) also known as Stephen Charles Nicholas is an actor and presenter from Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. Stephen currently lives in Sheffield, his first role was on Sky One's Dream Team, where he played Scott Ward. From there, he filmed the first in the trilogy Goal! (In which he played a Newcastle United Reserves player). Following this, he moved to Los Angeles, where he played Smith in the feature film Futbaal: The Price of Dreams. Stephen then returned to the UK to make a Bollywood film called Dhana Dhana Goal with John Abraham. Stephen then experienced his first opportunity in reality TV with the show Premier League All Stars for Sky One, as well as playing a footballer, he was on-hand to present celebrity gossip and pitch side reports. He then appeared in Celebrity Most Haunted and Date the Enemy. From there he then went on to star in Goal 3 where he not only acted in the film he also became the football choreographer and choreographed all the football scenes in the film. Nicholas then starred in the film Damned United where he played Welsh international Alan Durban, the film was filmed in Chesterfield and Leeds and was directed by Oscar winner Tom Hooper and also starred Oscar nominated Michael Sheen. Stephens next production was the feature film called 'No Way Back Now'about the notorious Manchester district of Moss Side, where Stephen played the lead actor Stuart Gavin,The feature is roughly based on the notorious Gooch gang that terrorised Manchester throughout the years. The next move for Stephen was pantomime where he was part of the production Aladdin over the Christmas period of 2015 in Doncaster playing Abanaza the main villain which he did until January 7, 2016!. He has recently been cast in the up-and-coming Feature Film 'Whiteblade' where he will play Thurstan the head Warlord Whiteblade is currently in production and Stephen is shooting his scenes in August 2016. In September 2016 Stephen will be presenting the Sky TV show 'Britz go Bollywood' the show consists of a group of Celebrities being dressed by The best Indian designers, Stephen is the main presenter of the show which will be screened live September 2, 2016. Context_8 : Hotel Broadway was a musical TV show broadcast on the now-defunct DuMont Television Network. The 30-minute show ran from January 20, 1949, to March 17, 1949. The show starred singer Jerri Blanchard and was produced by Harvey Marlowe. Context_9 : I, Claudius is a 1976 BBC Television adaptation of Robert Graves' "I, Claudius" and "Claudius the God". Written by Jack Pulman, it starred Derek Jacobi as Claudius, with Siân Phillips, Brian Blessed, George Baker, Margaret Tyzack, John Hurt, Patricia Quinn, Ian Ogilvy, Kevin McNally, Patrick Stewart, and John Rhys-Davies. Context_10 : Gary Watson (13 June 1930 in Shropshire, England) is a retired British television actor who started out as a stage actor most notably acting in Friedrich Hebbel's 1962 play "Judith" at Her Majesty's Theatre in London, England with Sean Connery. He was however best known for his appearances in British ITC productions of the 1960s including "The Avengers", "The Saint" and "Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)" in 1969 in the last episode The Smile Behind the Veil. In 1966 he played in all 10 episodes of The Three Musketeers as Aramis starring alongside Brian Blessed and Jeremy Brett. He also appeared in the 1967 "Doctor Who" serial The Evil of the Daleks. He appeared alongside Anthony Hopkins in the 1972 Television series War and Peace. He played the semi-regular character of Det. Insp. Fred Connor in the long running BBC police drama Z-Cars between 1972 and 1974. In 1974 he played George Vavsor for 5 episodes in The Pallisers which also featured Jeremy Irons. In 1977, he played the role of Ross in the BBC series "Murder Most English" and also appeared in the 1988 BBC adaptation of Macbeth playing MacDuff. He was also much employed as a reader and narrator, featuring in dozens of commercials throughout the 1980s and 1990s, particularly noted for his work in British Transport Films, Lloyds Bank and Nescafé adverts. fact_1 : In 1966 he played in all 10 episodes of The Three Musketeers as Aramis starring alongside Brian Blessed and Jeremy Brett. fact_2 : Brian Blessed {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 9 October 1936) is an English actor, writer, and presenter. Question: What tv show starred both actor, writer and presenter Brian Blessed and Gary Watson as Aramis?
Student: | The Three Musketeers | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Homie was a side project of Rivers Cuomo, lead singer of the band Weezer. Homie, as it stands now, was a one-time effort. Homie has released just one song, "American Girls", for the soundtrack of the 1998 film "Meet the Deedles". For this recording, Cuomo was joined by Greg Brown (member of Cake and Deathray), Matt Sharp (formerly of Weezer, lead singer of The Rentals), Adam Orth of Shufflepuck and Yuval Gabay of Soul Coughing and Sulfur. Context_2 : Matt Sharp is a self-titled debut from former Weezer bassist and The Rentals frontman Matt Sharp. The album is notable for featuring no electric guitar, synths, or percussion. Instead lap steel, acoustic guitar, piano, and organ are the only accompaniment to Sharp's vocals. The album was recorded in Tennessee. Context_3 : Return of the Rentals is the debut album by alternative rock band The Rentals, released on October 24, 1995, through Maverick Records, a subsidiary of Reprise Records. The album features Matt Sharp—Weezer's bassist at the time—on vocals and bass, as well as Weezer drummer Patrick Wilson. Other contributors include Tom Grimley (Moog, production), Petra Haden (violin, vocals), Rachel Haden (vocals), Guy Oseary (album artwork), and Stephen Marcussen (mastering). Context_4 : The Rentals are an American rock band fronted by vocalist Matt Sharp, best known as the former bassist for Weezer. Sharp has been the only consistent member since the group's inception. The band is best known for their 1995 single "Friends of P." The Rentals released two albums, "Return of the Rentals" (1995) and "Seven More Minutes" (1999) on Maverick Records before quietly splitting in 1999 following a world tour. The group reformed in 2005 and have since released several EPs and a third full-length album, "Lost in Alphaville", which was released August 26, 2014, on Polyvinyl Records. Due to the revolving nature of studio and live collaborators, determining who is actually an official member of the group at any one point is difficult. Context_5 : Michael Edward "Mikey" Welsh (April 20, 1971 – October 8, 2011) was an American artist and musician, best known as the former bassist of Weezer. He played with Weezer frontman Rivers Cuomo during Cuomo's time in Boston during the hiatus in the band Homie. Following original bassist Matt Sharp's decision to leave Weezer to focus on his group, The Rentals, Welsh was chosen to take over on bass. Welsh played with Weezer from the time that they unofficially regrouped in 1998 until August 2001, when he suffered a mental breakdown. Shortly afterwards, he retired from music to focus on his art career. Welsh died on October 8, 2011. Context_6 : Weezer, also known as the Green Album, is the third studio album by American rock band Weezer, released on May 15, 2001, through Geffen Records. Produced by Ric Ocasek, this is the only Weezer album to feature bassist Mikey Welsh, who replaced Matt Sharp. The album is grounded in the power pop genre, featuring strong melodies, crisp vocal harmonies, and prominent guitar riffs. It is also Weezer's quickest-selling album. Context_7 : Songs from the Black Hole is an unfinished, unreleased album by the American alternative rock band Weezer recorded between 1994 and 1996. Intended to follow their 1994 self-titled debut album, it was to be a science fiction rock opera that expressed songwriter Rivers Cuomo's mixed feelings about rock and roll success. Its six characters were to be voiced by Cuomo, guitarist Brian Bell and bassist Matt Sharp of Weezer, Rachel Haden of That Dog and the Rentals, Joan Wasser of the Dambuilders, and Weezer collaborator Karl Koch. Context_8 : Pinkerton is the second studio album by American rock band Weezer, released on September 24, 1996 on DGC Records. After abandoning plans for a rock opera titled "Songs from the Black Hole", Weezer recorded "Pinkerton" between songwriter Rivers Cuomo's terms at Harvard University, where he wrote much of the album. It was the last Weezer album to feature bassist Matt Sharp. Context_9 : Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1992, consisting of Rivers Cuomo (lead vocals, guitar), Patrick Wilson (drums), Brian Bell (guitar, backing vocals, keyboards), and Scott Shriner (bass guitar, backing vocals). Weezer has sold 9.2 million albums in the US and over 17 million worldwide. Context_10 : Matthew Kelly "Matt" Sharp (born September 22, 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer, and is best known as a founding member and former bassist of the alternative rock band Weezer. In 1994, Sharp started a band named The Rentals, who released their debut album shortly after Weezer's first release, followed by their 2nd album in 1999, and an EP in 2007. In addition, Sharp has released one full-length album and one EP as a solo artist. fact_1 : Matthew Kelly "Matt" Sharp (born September 22, 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer, and is best known as a founding member and former bassist of the alternative rock band Weezer. fact_2 : Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1992, consisting of Rivers Cuomo (lead vocals, guitar), Patrick Wilson (drums), Brian Bell (guitar, backing vocals, keyboards), and Scott Shriner (bass guitar, backing vocals). Question: What year did Matt Sharp become a founding member of the band Weezer?
| Solution: 1992 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example is below.
Q: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
A: 1874May
Rationale: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : Nick Davis is a visual effects supervisor who has worked in visual effects since the early 1990s. He was nominated at the 81st Academy Awards for "The Dark Knight". He was nominated in the category of Best Visual Effects, he shared his nomination with Chris Corbould, Paul Franklin and Tim Webber. Context_2 : Paul J. Franklin is an English visual effects supervisor who has worked with visual effects since the 1990s. He is known for his long-running working relationship with director Christopher Nolan which dates back to "Batman Begins" (2005). Franklin won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects for "Inception" (2010), and won a second Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for "Interstellar" (2014). He shared the wins with Andrew Lockley, Peter Bebb, and Chris Corbould. Franklin has also been nominated for an Academy Award for "The Dark Knight" (2008). He was nominated for BAFTA Awards for "Batman Begins", "The Dark Knight" (2008), and "The Dark Knight Rises" (2012). Context_3 : The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the second part of Nolan's "The Dark Knight Trilogy" and a sequel to 2005's "Batman Begins", starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Heath Ledger, Gary Oldman, Aaron Eckhart, Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman. In the film, Bruce Wayne/Batman (Bale), Police Lieutenant James Gordon (Oldman) and District Attorney Harvey Dent (Eckhart) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City, but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker (Ledger) who seeks to undermine Batman's influence and create chaos. Context_4 : Vincent Cirelli is a special effects supervisor. Known for his works at Luma Pictures as a visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as "" (2007), "No Country for Old Men" (2007), "The Midnight Meat Train" (2008), "" (2008), "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince" (2009), "The Book of Eli" (2010), "" (2011), "" (2012), "Prometheus" (2012), "The Avengers" (2012), "Saving Mr. Banks" (2013), "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014), "" (2015), "In the Heart of the Sea" (2015), "Deadpool" (2015) and "Doctor Strange" (2016), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards. Context_5 : Tim Webber is an English visual effects supervisor. He is known for his work on "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" (2005), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "Avatar" (2009), and "Gravity" (2013), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 86th Academy Awards. Context_6 : Richard Bluff is an English special effects supervisor. Known for his works in Disney's visual effects company Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) as a digital matte artist and visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as "" (2005), "The Island" (2005), "Transformers" (2007-11), "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008), "Star Trek" (2009), "Avatar" (2009), "The Avengers" (2012), "Cloud Atlas" (2012) "Pacific Rim" (2013), "The Big Short" (2015) and "Doctor Strange" (2016), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards. He previously worked at Blur Studio as digital artist. Context_7 : "The Dark Knight" is a 2008 superhero film directed, produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. It was released in Australia on July 16, 2008. "The Dark Knight" grossed $1,004,558,444 worldwide, becoming the fourth film in history to gross more than $1 billion worldwide and the highest-grossing film of 2008. It is currently the 16th highest-grossing film of all time. "The Dark Knight" also received a high critical acclaim, accumulating an approval rating of 94% on the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes. Context_8 : John Knoll (born October 6, 1962) is an American visual effects supervisor and chief creative officer (CCO) at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). One of the original creators of Adobe Photoshop (along with his brother, Thomas Knoll), he has also worked as visual effects supervisor on the "Star Wars" prequels and the 1997 special editions of the original trilogy. He also served as ILM's visual effects supervisor for "Star Trek Generations" and "", as well as the "" series. Along with Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson and Allen Hall, Knoll and the trios work on "" earned them the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. Context_9 : In the context of film and television production, a visual effects supervisor is responsible for achieving the creative aims of the director and/or producers through the use of visual effects. While it is a creative role, most supervisors possess a strong technical background and are capable of making informed decisions about the most efficient and effective technique to employ to solve the problem at hand. Often a supervisor will work in tandem with a visual effects producer and computer graphics supervisor. Context_10 : Christopher Townsend is a visual effects supervisor. He has worked in the visual effects industry for over 20 years. For over a decade, he was an artist and supervisor at Industrial Light and Magic, and in 2007 became a freelance visual effects supervisor. He worked on "Journey to the Center of the Earth", the first ever stereoscopic motion picture shot and released digitally, "Wolverine", "Ninja Assassin", "" and "". He was nominated for a BAFTA and an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for his work on "Iron Man 3", oversaw nearly 3000 shots on "" and was the overall supervisor for "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". In 2015 he was given an Honorary Doctor of Arts degree by his alma mater, Coventry University. fact_1 : He is known for his work on "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" (2005), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "Avatar" (2009), and "Gravity" (2013), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 86th Academy Awards. fact_2 : The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Question: Tim Webber is an English visual effects supervisor, he is known for his work on The Dark Knight, a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by who?
A: | Christopher Nolan | 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : Kate Plus Ten is a 1938 British thriller film directed by Reginald Denham and starring Jack Hulbert, Genevieve Tobin and Noel Madison. It was adapted from the Edgar Wallace novel "Kate Plus Ten". It was also released as Queen of Crime. Context_2 : Katie Irene "Kate" Gosselin (née Kreider born March 28, 1975) is an American television personality. She achieved national and international recognition on the US reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8," in which she and Jon Gosselin are profiled as they raise their atypical family of sextuplets and twins. Context_3 : Facing Future is an album by Hawaiian singer Israel Kamakawiwoʻole, released in 1993. The best-selling album of all time by a Hawaiian artist, "Facing Future" combines traditional Hawaiian-language songs, hapa haole songs with traditional instrumentation and two Jawaiian (Island reggae) tracks. The album's sales have been driven not only by its popularity with Hawaiian audiences but by its popularity in the mainland United States and around the world, particularly the track "Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World," which has been licensed for use in movies ("Finding Forrester", "Meet Joe Black", "50 First Dates", "Fred Claus", "Hubble", "Son of the Mask") television shows ("ER", "Cold Case", "Jon & Kate Plus 8", "Life On Mars", "Glee") and commercials (eToys). "Facing Future" reached platinum status in 2005. Context_4 : Jonathan Keith Gosselin (born April 1, 1977) is an American television personality, known for his appearances with then-wife Kate Gosselin and their eight children on the American reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Context_5 : This is a list of DVDs from the reality television series "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Context_6 : Nancy Jo Sales (born October 15, 1964) is a journalist and author who has written for "Vanity Fair", "New York", and "Harper's Bazaar". Her VF.com profile of reality star Kate Gosselin won a 2010 Mirror Award for "Best Profile, Digital Media". Her "Vanity Fair" story "The Quaid Conspiracy" won a 2011 Front Page Award for "Best Magazine Feature". Her 2013 book "The Bling Ring: How A Gang of Fame-Obsessed Teens Ripped Off Hollywood and Shocked the World" recounts the true story behind the Sofia Coppola film "The Bling Ring", which was based on a 2010 "Vanity Fair" piece by Sales, "The Suspects Wore Louboutins". In 2016 she published "American Girls: Social Media and the Secret Lives of Teenagers". Context_7 : "Kate Plus 8" (formerly "Jon & Kate Plus 8") is an American reality television series starring the The Gosselin family. The show premiered on the Discovery Health Channel on April 10, 2007. After two seasons, the series moved to TLC. Following the Gosselins' divorce in 2009, the final episode of "Jon & Kate Plus 8" aired on November 23, 2009. The show subsequently returned as "Kate Plus 8". Context_8 : Kate Plus Ten is a 1917 British crime novel written by Edgar Wallace. In 1938 it was made into a film "Kate Plus Ten". In 1967 it was adapted for the film "The Trygon Factor" starring Stewart Granger. Context_9 : Kate Plus 8, formerly Jon & Kate Plus 8, is an American reality television series starring Kate Gosselin and her eight children, which has aired since April 4, 2007. Context_10 : Living Channel is a New Zealand television station. The channel focuses entirely on programming relating to lifestyle and is similar to The LifeStyle Channel in Australia or HGTV in the US. It broadcasts on Sky TV in New Zealand and features local programming as well as a range of international programming. It features programming in areas such as design, health, well-being, travel, pets, fashion, automotive, antiques, gardening, fitness, art and homemaking. Programmes include "Antiques Roadshow UK"," Jon and Kate Plus 8", "Greatest Cities of the World with Griff Rhys Jones", "Grand Designs", "Homes Under the Hammer", "Better Homes and Gardens", "Holmes Inspection", "Extreme Fishing with Robson Green", "Location Location Location", "What Not To Wear" and "The Secret Millionaire". fact_1 : She achieved national and international recognition on the US reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8," in which she and Jon Gosselin are profiled as they raise their atypical family of sextuplets and twins. fact_2 : Jonathan Keith Gosselin (born April 1, 1977) is an American television personality, known for his appearances with then-wife Kate Gosselin and their eight children on the American reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Question: Who is the ex-husband of Kate Gosselin, star of the reality show "Jon and Kate plus 8"?
[A]: Jon Gosselin
[Q]: Context_1 : The Park Avenue Tunnel, also called the Murray Hill Tunnel, is a 1600 ft tunnel that passes under seven blocks of Park Avenue in Murray Hill, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Traffic currently goes northbound from 33rd Street toward the Park Avenue Viaduct. The tunnel is under the jurisdiction of the New York City Department of Transportation, and carries one lane of northbound car traffic from East 33rd Street to East 40th Street; from 40th Street north, traffic must follow the Park Avenue Viaduct around Grand Central Terminal to 46th Street. The vertical clearance is 8 ft . Context_2 : Harold Washington Park is a small (10 acre) park in the Chicago Park District located in the Hyde Park community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was recently named for lawyer, state legislator, U.S. congressman, Hyde Park resident, and the first Chicago Mayor of African-American descent Harold Washington (1922–1987). The Park District officially calls the park Harold Washington Playlot Park with a designated address of 5200 S. Hyde Park Blvd Chicago, IL 60615. It is one of 4 Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (Washington Park, Washington Square Park, Dinah Washington Park). It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans. The Park is bounded by East 53rd Street on the south, South Hyde Park Boulevard on the west, and Lake Shore Drive to the east. Architecturally, it is flanked to the north by Regents Park (see emporis.com page) and The Hampton House to the south. In addition its southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places Properties (Hotel Del Prado and East Park Towers). Context_3 : Seventh Avenue is a station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line and the IND Queens Boulevard Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Seventh Avenue and 53rd Street in Manhattan, it is served by the D and E trains at all times, and the B train weekdays. The station is announced as Seventh Avenue–53rd Street, in the style of other stations that orient east-west along 53rd Street (such as Fifth Avenue/53rd Street and Lexington Avenue–53rd Street), as well as to prevent confusion with Seventh Avenue along Flatbush Avenue in Brooklyn, which is also served by the B. Context_4 : Lever House is a seminal glass-box skyscraper at 390 Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Built in the International Style according to the design principles of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, the building was designed by Gordon Bunshaft and Natalie de Blois (design coordinator) of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Completed in 1952, it was the second curtain wall skyscraper in New York City after the United Nations Secretariat Building. The 307 ft building features an innovative courtyard and public space. Context_5 : The Lipstick Building (also known as 53rd at Third) is a 453-foot (138 meter) tall skyscraper located at 885 Third Avenue, between East 53rd Street and 54th Street, across from the Citigroup Center in Manhattan, New York City, United States. It was completed in 1986 and has 34 floors. The building was designed by John Burgee Architects with Philip Johnson. The building receives its name from its shape and color, which resemble a tube of lipstick. Context_6 : The 53rd Street Library is a branch of the New York Public Library at 18 West 53rd Street just across the street from the Museum of Modern Art. It opened in 2016 as a replacement for the Donnell Library Center, which occupied a building at 20 West 53rd Street from 1955 until 2008 when it was closed and the building razed to allow a 46-story hotel/condo complex to be constructed. Context_7 : The Church of St. Ignatius of Loyola is a Roman Catholic parish church located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City, administered by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). The parish is under the authority of the Archdiocese of New York, and was established in 1851 as St. Lawrence O'Toole's Church. In 1898, permission to change the patron saint of the parish from St. Lawrence O’Toole to St. Ignatius of Loyola was granted by Rome. The address is 980 Park Avenue, New York City, New York 10028. The church on the southwest corner of Park Avenue and 84th Street is part of a Jesuit complex on the block that includes Wallace Hall, the parish hall, beneath the church, the rectory at the midblock location on Park Avenue, the grade school of St. Ignatius's School on the north midblock location of 84th Street behind the church and the high school of Loyola School (also 980 Park Avenue) at the northwest corner of Park Avenue and 83rd Street. In addition, another Jesuit high school, Regis High School (55 E 84th Street), occupies the midblock location on the north side of 84th Street. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 24, 1980. Context_8 : 100 East 53rd Street (formerly known as 610 Lexington Avenue) is a residential skyscraper under construction in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building’s architect is Norman Foster. Upon completion, it will rise 64 stories or 711 ft . It was supposed to feature a Shangri-La Hotel and condos but as a result of the financial crisis that began in 2007 and the downturn in the residential real estate market, the building's construction was put on indefinite hold in 2009 and the hotel idea was later abandoned. In March 2012, Aby Rosen and Michael Fuchs of RFR Holding LLC regained control of the site, and announced their intentions to carry on with the project. Excavation work began in early 2014. The building topped out on January 13, 2016. It should be complete by spring 2017, according to a 2015 update. The building will feature 94 condominium units including, one-bedrooms, two-bedrooms, three-bedrooms, and two four bedroom duplexes. Context_9 : 270 Park Avenue (also known as the JPMorgan Chase Tower and formerly the Union Carbide Building) is a high-rise office building located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was designed by Natalie de Blois for Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Context_10 : Paley Park is a pocket park located at 3 East 53rd Street between Madison and Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan on the former site of the Stork Club. Designed by the landscape architectural firm of Zion Breen Richardson Associates, it opened May 23, 1967. Paley Park is often cited as one of the finest urban spaces in the United States. fact_1 : 270 Park Avenue (also known as the JPMorgan Chase Tower and formerly the Union Carbide Building) is a high-rise office building located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. fact_2 : It was designed by Natalie de Blois for Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. fact_3 : 100 East 53rd Street (formerly known as 610 Lexington Avenue) is a residential skyscraper under construction in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. fact_4 : The building’s architect is Norman Foster. Question: Were the buildings at 270 Park Avenue and 100 East 53rd Street both designed by Natalie de Blois?
[A]: no
[Q]: Context_1 : Saint Asonia is the self-titled debut studio album by rock supergroup Saint Asonia. First announced via YouTube through a teaser in early May 2015, the first single "Better Place" was released on May 16, 2015. This also confirmed the group's lineup, with Adam Gontier as the frontman, Mike Mushok being the guitarist, Corey Lowery as the bassist and Rich Beddoe as the drummer. The album was released on July 31, 2015 through RCA Records. Gontier's uncle Tom Duffy provided the bass tracks for some of the songs from the album, while Lowery was hired afterward. This is also the only studio album from the band to feature drummer Rich Bedoe before he confirmed his departure in 2017 Context_2 : "Take the Skinheads Bowling" is the signature song of Santa Cruz, California alternative rock band Camper Van Beethoven, written by David Lowery and released on their 1985 album "Telephone Free Landslide Victory". The song (as covered by the band Teenage Fanclub) was notably featured in the Michael Moore documentary "Bowling for Columbine", and received substantial airplay on KROQ, and BBC Radio 2, as well as The Dr. Demento Show. The song was also recorded by Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers as a B-side to their 1996 single "Australia" and subsequently included on their B-side compilation album "Lipstick Traces (A Secret History of Manic Street Preachers)". Context_3 : Manic Street Preachers are a Welsh alternative rock band, formed in 1986 in Blackwood, Caerphilly and consisting of James Dean Bradfield (lead vocals, lead guitar), Nicky Wire (bass guitar, lyrics) and Sean Moore (drums, percussion). They are often colloquially known as the Manics. Following the release of their first single, "Suicide Alley", the band was joined by Richey Edwards as co-lyricist and rhythm guitarist. The band's early albums were in a punk vein, eventually broadening to a greater alternative rock sound, whilst retaining a leftist politicisation. Their early combination of androgynous glam imagery and lyrics about "culture, alienation, boredom and despair" has gained them a loyal following and cult status. Context_4 : Jagz Kooner is an English producer who has worked with Radio 4, Manic Street Preachers, Primal Scream for whom he co-produced their cover version of the song 'Some Velvet Morning' sung this time by the model Kate Moss, Garbage and Infadels. He has created remixes for Massive Attack "Butterfly Caught" with additional vocals from the well known UK dance music vocalist Tara McDonald. His remix "My Beautiful Friend" for UK Indie band The Charlatans was so groundbreaking that it inspired Eddy Temple-Morris, a DJ at the XFM radio station to form a show dedicated to remixes. Kooner also worked with Rammstein, Siobhan Fahey, Ladytron, Adam Freeland, dEUS, Kasabian and more recently Reverend and the Makers. His remix of 'Swastika Eyes', for Primal Scream appears as one of two remixes of the track on the "Xtrmntr" album. He has also remixed two songs from the Oasis album, "Dig Out Your Soul". On the bonus CD available only as part of the Deluxe Edition, Jagz Kooner has remixed first single 'The Shock Of The Lightning', as well as, the album track 'The Turning'. He has also been keenly involved in the UK mash-up scene. Context_5 : Saint Asonia (stylized as SΔINT ΔSONIΔ) is a Canadian-American rock supergroup originally consisting of former Three Days Grace frontman Adam Gontier (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mike Mushok from Staind (lead guitar), Corey Lowery from Dark New Day, Eye Empire, Switched, Sevendust, Stereomud and Stuck Mojo (bass, backing vocals), and Rich Beddoe from Finger Eleven (drums). In 2017, Beddoe left the band and was replaced by Mushok's Staind bandmate Sal Giancarelli. Formed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2015 after Gontier's departure from Three Days Grace, they released their debut studio album "Saint Asonia" on July 31, 2015. Context_6 : Journal for Plague Lovers is the ninth studio album by Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers, released in May 2009 by record label Columbia. Recorded between October 2008 and February 2009 and produced by Steve Albini and Dave Eringa, it features exclusively posthumous lyrics by Richey Edwards, who disappeared on 1 February 1995 and was presumed deceased in 2008. It is the only Manic Street Preachers album in which the lyrics for every song were written solely by Edwards. Context_7 : Taylor Parkes (born 30 April 1972) is a British journalist. He is best known for his music journalism which appeared in "Melody Maker" from 1993 to 1998, influenced by the likes of Simon Reynolds and Paul Morley. Parkes was most closely associated with bands he described as "unafraid of their own intelligence", including Saint Etienne, Pulp, Spice Girls and the Manic Street Preachers. Context_8 : Leaving the 20th Century is a recording of the Manic Millennium concert by the Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers, released 2000. The concert, which also celebrated the 10th anniversary of the band, was performed on the New Year's Eve night 1999-2000 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, in front of more than 57,000 fans. The event became international as the final song of the event was broadcast live all over the world through satellites. Context_9 : National Treasures – The Complete Singles is a compilation album by the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers, released on 31 October 2011. It is the band's third compilation album, after "Forever Delayed: Manic Street Preachers, The Greatest Hits" (2002), and the B-sides/rarities collection "Lipstick Traces (A Secret History of Manic Street Preachers)" (2003). The compilation features one new recording, a cover of The The's "This is the Day", which was issued as a single on 18 September 2011. The compilation reached number 10 on the UK Album Chart in November 2011. Context_10 : Caff Records was a short lived British independent record label run by Bob Stanley of the band Saint Etienne. The label went by the name Caff, Caff Records and Caff Corporation. Established in 1989, it is most noted for single releases by Pulp and the Manic Street Preachers. The Caff logo is a line drawing of a duck. After closing the label, Stanley together with Pete Wiggs ran Icerink Records (1992–94), Royal Mint (1995) and EMIdisc (1996). They currently have a CD imprint called Eclipse via Universal. fact_1 : Saint Asonia (stylized as SΔINT ΔSONIΔ) is a Canadian-American rock supergroup originally consisting of former Three Days Grace frontman Adam Gontier (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mike Mushok from Staind (lead guitar), Corey Lowery from Dark New Day, Eye Empire, Switched, Sevendust, Stereomud and Stuck Mojo (bass, backing vocals), and Rich Beddoe from Finger Eleven (drums). fact_2 : Manic Street Preachers are a Welsh alternative rock band, formed in 1986 in Blackwood, Caerphilly and consisting of James Dean Bradfield (lead vocals, lead guitar), Nicky Wire (bass guitar, lyrics) and Sean Moore (drums, percussion). Question: Are Saint Asonia and Manic Street Preachers both involved with rock music?
[A]: | yes
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The territory of the present United States state of New Hampshire has a colonial history dating back to the 1620s. This history is significantly bound to that of the neighboring Massachusetts, whose colonial precursors either claimed the New Hampshire territory, or shared governors with it. First settled in the 1620s under a land grant to John Mason, the colony consisted of a small number of settlements near the seacoast before growing further inland in the 18th century. Mason died in 1635, and the colonists appropriated a number of his holdings. Thomas Roberts served as the last Colonial Governor of the Dover Colony before it became part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1641 the New Hampshire colonists agreed to be ruled by Massachusetts Bay Colony, which also claimed the territory. Massachusetts governed the New Hampshire settlements until 1680, when it became the royally chartered Province of New Hampshire. In 1686 the territory became part of the Dominion of New England, which was effectively disbanded in 1689 following the 1688 Glorious Revolution in England. After an interregnum under "de facto" rule from Massachusetts, Samuel Allen, who had acquired the Mason land claims, became governor. From 1699 to 1741 the governorships of New Hampshire and the Province of Massachusetts Bay were shared. Context_2 : Baron Wakehurst, of Ardingly in the County of Sussex, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1934 for the Conservative politician Gerald Loder, fifth son of Sir Robert Loder, 1st Baronet (see Loder Baronets for earlier history of the family). He had previously represented Brighton in the House of Commons and was the creator of Wakehurst Place Gardens in Ardingly, West Sussex. His only son, the second Baron, was also a Conservative politician and served as Governor of New South Wales and later as Governor of Northern Ireland. s of 2010 the title is held by the latter's eldest son, the third Baron, who succeeded in 1970. As a descendant of Sir Robert Loder, 1st Baronet, he is also in remainder to this title. Context_3 : Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland, 23rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland (c. 1741 – 2 September 1784) was a British colonial official and the last Royal Governor of Maryland. Although a popular governor and an able administrator, Eden's authority was overthrown by the events of the American Revolution, and in June 1776 he was invited by the Maryland Convention to leave for England. Eden was well-regarded at home and in the same year, 1776, he was made a baronet. He eventually returned to Maryland where he died in 1784 at the age of 43. He was buried in Annapolis and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son, Frederick, a noted author. Context_4 : The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Context_5 : The Cape of Good Hope, also known as the Cape Colony (Dutch: "Kaapkolonie" ), was a British colony in present-day South Africa and Namibia, named after the Cape of Good Hope. The British colony was preceded by an earlier Dutch colony of the same name, the "Kaap de Goede Hoop", established in 1652 by the Dutch East India Company. The Dutch lost the colony to Britain following the 1795 Battle of Muizenberg, but had it returned following the 1802 Peace of Amiens. It was re-occupied by the British following the Battle of Blaauwberg in 1806, and British possession affirmed with the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814. Context_6 : The Conspiracy of 1741, also known as the Negro Plot of 1741 or the Slave Insurrection of 1741, was a purported plot by slaves and poor whites in the British colony of New York in 1741 to revolt and level New York City with a series of fires. Historians disagree as to whether such a plot existed and, if there was one, its scale. During the court cases, the prosecution kept changing the grounds of accusation, ending with linking the insurrection to a Popish plot by Spaniards and other Catholics. Context_7 : The Colony of Tasmania (more commonly referred to simply as "Tasmania") was a British colony that existed on the island of Tasmania from 1856 until 1901, when it federated together with the five other Australian colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia. The possibility of the colony was established when the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the "Australian Constitutions Act" in 1850, granting the right of legislative power to each of the six Australian colonies. The Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land drafted a new constitution which they passed in 1854, and it was given Royal Assent by Queen Victoria in 1855. Later in that year the Privy Council approved the colony changing its name from "Van Diemen's Land" to "Tasmania", and in 1856, the newly elected bicameral parliament of Tasmania sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a self-governing colony of the British Empire. Tasmania was often referred to as one of the "most British" colonies of the Empire. Context_8 : The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. Its first settlement and capital was St. Mary's City, in the southern end of St. Mary's County, which is a peninsula in the Chesapeake Bay and is also bordered by four tidal rivers. Context_9 : Robert John Eden, 3rd Baron Auckland (10 July 1799 – 25 April 1870), styled The Honourable Robert Eden from birth until 1849, was a British clergyman. He was Bishop of Sodor and Man from 1847 to 1854 and Bishop of Bath and Wells from 1854 to 1869. Context_10 : Sir Robert George Crookshank Hamilton KCB, (30 August 1836 – 22 April 1895) was the sixth Governor, and the Commander-in-Chief of the then British colony of Tasmania from 11 March 1887, until 30 November 1892, during which time he oversaw the ministries of two Tasmanian Premiers. Sir Philip Fysh (30 March 1887 to 17 August 1892) and Henry Dobson (17 August 1892 to 14 April 1894), both of whom, he curiously insisted on incorrectly referring to as Prime Minister. fact_1 : Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland, 23rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland (c. 1741 – 2 September 1784) was a British colonial official and the last Royal Governor of Maryland. fact_2 : The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. Question: In which year was this province of the British colony for which Sir Robert Eden served as governor in 1741 established?
| Solution: 1632 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Q: Context_1 : Leon Gast is an American documentary film director, producer, cinematographer, and editor. His documentary, "When We Were Kings" depicts the iconic heavyweight boxing match: The Rumble in the Jungle between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. This film would go on to win the 1996 Academy Award for Documentary Feature and the Independent Spirit Award. Gast co-directed the 1977 documentary, "The Grateful Dead Movie" with guitarist Jerry Garcia. The film captured the band's October 1974, five-night performance at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco. Gast also co-directed the 1983 film "Hell's Angels Forever," which focused on the notorious motorcycle club Hells Angels. The Angels are believed to have learned that Gast put material in the documentary in which they didn't prefer. To this end, Gast claims that the Angels tracked him down and beat him up. Gast has also produced works on B.B. King and Celia Cruz. Context_2 : Smash His Camera is a 2010 documentary film directed by filmmaker Leon Gast about the life and career of paparazzi photographer Ron Galella. The film won the "Directing Award Documentary" at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival and was released on 30 July 2010 through Magnolia Pictures, and was shown on HBO. Context_3 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. The fight was held in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974. Context_4 : Our Latin Thing (Spanish: Nuestra Cosa ) was a 1972 documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the burgeoning Latin music scene in New York City. It focused on a concert put together by the management of Fania Records at Manhattan's Cheetah nightclub featuring a group of Fania artists called the Fania All-Stars. The film was distributed by A&R Film Distributors headed by Alex Masucci, Fania Records founder Jerry Masucci's younger brother and subsequent Fania Records Vice President, and Ray Aviles. Context_5 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought an eight-round boxing match with Texan Donnie Fleeman in Miami on February 21, 1961. Prior to this fight, Fleeman had a record of 51 fights with 45 wins including 20 knockouts. Clay won the bout through a technical knockout after the referee stopped the fight in the seventh round. This was the first time Clay had gone over six rounds in a boxing match. It was also the first time Fleeman had ever been knocked down in a boxing match. Fleeman retired from boxing after this fight. Context_6 : Muhammad Ali and Zora Folley fought each other in a boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on March 22, 1967.Ali won the bout by knocking out Folley in the seventh round.This would be Ali's last boxing match before his suspension from boxing. Context_7 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought Sonny Banks in a ten-round boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on February 10, 1962. Clay won the fight through a technical knockout when the referee stopped the fight in the fourth round. The event is remembered for being the first professional boxing match in which Ali was officially knocked down in the ring by his boxing opponent. Context_8 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Held at the 20th of May Stadium (now the Stade Tata Raphaël), it pitted the undefeated world heavyweight champion George Foreman against challenger Muhammad Ali, a former heavyweight champion; the attendance was 60,000. Ali won by knockout, putting Foreman down just before the end of the eighth round. It has been called "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century". The event was one of Don King's first ventures as a professional boxing promoter. Context_9 : Manny is a 2014 documentary directed by Leon Gast and Ryan Moore. It covers the life of professional boxer Manny Pacquiao, from his impoverished life as a young boy to his boxing glory to Philippine politics. The film is narrated by Liam Neeson. Additionally, interviews of friends, family members, and people associated with professional boxing, combined with archival footage of Pacquiao, were used throughout the movie. Notable appearances in the film include Oscar De La Hoya, Jimmy Kimmel, Jeremy Piven, and Mark Wahlberg. Context_10 : Eric M. Gast (born 23 April 1968) is an American music industry professional - record producer, mixer, engineer, and recording studio designer - and founder and CEO of a nonprofit public health care charity. Gast was born in New Jersey and raised in New York City. He is cousin to documentary filmmaker Leon Gast. as well as another cousin Eric W. Gast former athlete and model fact_1 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. fact_2 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Question: In which city was the boxing match documented in "When We Were Kings", by Leon Gast, held?
A: Kinshasa, Zaire
****
Q: Context_1 : WMLM (1520 AM) is an AM radio station located in St. Louis, Michigan, broadcasting Citadel Media's satellite-delivered Real Country format, a hybrid of classic and current country hits. WMLM mainly broadcasts to the north along the US-127 corridor, and is one of four radio stations to broadcast from Gratiot County. Context_2 : According to al-Shabab, Burundian troops began indiscriminately shelling the rebel controlled district of Dayniile, located north of Mogadishu, with mortars and rockets whereby dozens of civilians lost their lives. Shortly after the shelling stopped, the Burundian army began to move in towards the district of Dayniile. Al-Shabab became aware of the army's movements when they were informed by reconnaissance teams, which gave them enough time to prepare for a possible ground assault. When Burundian troops moved in along their tanks and armored personnel carriers, they fell into an ambush by al-Shabab militants where fighting lasted for six full hours, until the military offensive was repulsed. Residents claimed the bodies of 70 soldiers were taken from the battle and brought into al-Shabab-controlled El-Maan area into the town of Alamada, 18 kilometers (11 miles) outside the capital, where the bodies were on public display to journalists and civilians. One witness recalled counted the bodies of 63 Burundian soldiers, all of whom were dead with bullet shots to the head or shoulders, and brought by trucks from Dayniile. No Somalian soldiers were reported killed during the battle, with all the dead coming from Burundian forces. In all, during the initial battle al-Shabab claimed they have killed 150 Burundian soldiers but only have the bodies of 76 in their custody, the largest casualty loss for African forces in Somalia. According to the AU the claim was dismissed of the displayed row of dead soldiers bodies claiming to be AU troops, saying al-Shabab was trying to spread propaganda and in reality only 10 Burundian soldiers were killed and two went missing in the battle. Context_3 : Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in eastern Nigeria that was made up of the states in the old Eastern Region. Its first attempt to leave Nigeria resulted in the Nigeria/Biafra war from 30 May 1967 to January 1970. It took its name from the Bight of Biafra, the Atlantic bay to its south, on the east end of the Gulf of Guinea. The inhabitants are mostly the Igbo people who led the secession due to economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria. Other ethnic groups that constitute the republic are the Efik, Ibibio, Annang, Ejagham, Eket, Ibeno and the Ijaw among others. Context_4 : WZOM (105.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format. Licensed to Defiance, Ohio, United States, the station is currently owned by iHeartMedia. In February 2002, the station changed from an Oldies format to the current country music format. Context_5 : Lindsay Elizabeth Ell (born 20 March 1989) is a Canadian country music singer, songwriter, and guitarist from Calgary, Alberta. Her music incorporates elements of rock, blues and pop within the country genre. She is signed to the US record label Stoney Creek Records, an imprint of Broken Bow Records. Her debut extended play, "Worth the Wait", was released in March 2017. Her first full length country album, "The Project", was released in August 2017 and debuted at No. 1 on the Neilsen Soundscan US Current Country Albums chart. Context_6 : .tl is the current country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for East Timor (Timor-Leste). It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators (CoCCA) and second-level registration is available through resellers worldwide with no local presence requirement. Context_7 : The History of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama. Context_8 : CFCW is a Canadian radio station in Camrose, Alberta broadcasting at 840 AM. The station is owned and operated by Newcap Radio. CFCW also has studios in the NewCap Broadcast Centre in West Edmonton Mall. CFCW airs a "traditional country music" format with a mix of classic and current country hits. Context_9 : The "cursed soldiers" (also known as "doomed soldiers", "accursed soldiers" or "damned soldiers"; Polish: "Żołnierze wyklęci" ) is a term applied to a variety of anti-communist Polish resistance movements formed in the later stages of World War II and its aftermath by some members of the Polish Underground State. These clandestine organisations continued their armed struggle against the Stalinist government of Poland well into the 1950s. The guerrilla warfare included an array of military attacks launched against the communist regime's prisons and state security offices, detention facilities for political prisoners and concentration camps that were set up across the country. Most of the Polish anti-communist groups ceased to exist in the late 1940s or 1950s, hunted down by agents of the Ministry of Public Security and Soviet NKVD assassination squads. However, the last known 'cursed soldier', Józef Franczak, was killed in an ambush as late as 1963, almost 20 years after the Soviet take-over of Poland. Context_10 : Priya Ramrakha (1935 – 2 October 1968) was a Kenyan photojournalist of Indian background and one of the first Africans to be given a contract by "Life" and "Time" magazines. After his education at the Art Center College of Los Angeles (arranged by Eliot Elisofon), Ramrakha began work at "Life". In 1963, Ramrakha returned to Africa to cover the independence movement in his native Kenya as one of East Africa's first indigenous photojournalists. Ramrakha went on to cover political and military movements across Africa. In 1968, while covering the Nigerian Civil War with CBS correspondent Morley Safer, he was killed in an ambush near Owerri by Biafran soldiers. fact_1 : In 1968, while covering the Nigerian Civil War with CBS correspondent Morley Safer, he was killed in an ambush near Owerri by Biafran soldiers. fact_2 : Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in eastern Nigeria that was made up of the states in the old Eastern Region. Question: In what current country was the state of the soldiers who killed Priya Ramrakha located?
A: Nigeria
****
Q: Context_1 : The Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in some areas of the United States by "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup. Context_2 : Anuja Chauhan (Hindi: अनुजा चौहान ; born 1970) is an Indian author and advertiser, often described as 'the best writer of the Indian commercial fiction genre.' She worked in the advertising agency, JWT India, for over 17 years, eventually becoming vice-president and executive creative director, before resigning in 2010 to pursue a full-time literary career. Over the years she worked with brands like Pepsi, Kurkure, Mountain Dew and Nokia, creating Pepsi's "Nothing official about it" campaign and advertising slogans such as Pepsi's "Yeh Dil Maange More" and "Oye Bubbly". Context_3 : In addition to Pepsi's Mountain Dew, Coca-Cola's Mello Yello or Dr Pepper's Sun Drop, there are a variety of smaller or regional brands for citrus soda. In deference to Mountain Dew's leading position in the market segment, some brands also use the word "Mountain" in their names. Context_4 : Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Originally created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961. Context_5 : Diet Mountain Dew is a no-calorie Mountain Dew that was first introduced in 1986. It was formerly known as "Sugar-Free Mountain Dew" until 1986, when it was given its current name. In 2006 Diet Mountain Dew was reformulated with a new "Tuned Up Taste", using a blend of sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium as sweeteners. The previous formulation was sweetened exclusively with aspartame. In limited areas in the United States, Diet Mountain Dew has treated water instead of carbonated water as a fountain drink. Context_6 : "Diet Mountain Dew" (sometimes stylized as Diet Mtn Dew) is a song by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey, taken from her second studio album "Born to Die" (2012). It was released as the album's first promotional single on June 13, 2011 by Universal Music Group. Context_7 : The Mountain Dew Vertical Challenge (abbreviated MDVC) began in 1991 and is a series of free casual ski and snowboard races held on mountains throughout the northeast during each winter season, sponsored by Mountain Dew. Skiers and snowboarders are divided by gender and age group to compete for gold, silver, and bronze medals in each category. In addition to the race, prizes are given away throughout the day at a mountain for various reasons. Context_8 : "Good Old Mountain Dew" (ROUD 18669), sometimes called simply "Mountain Dew" or "Real Old Mountain Dew", is an Appalachian folk song composed by Bascom Lamar Lunsford and Scotty Wiseman. There are two versions of the lyrics, a 1928 version written by Lunsford and a 1935 adaptation by Wiseman. Both versions of the song are about moonshine. The 1935 version has been widely covered and has entered into the folk tradition becoming a standard. Context_9 : Mountain Dew (sometimes stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo. The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman. A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958. The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia. William H. "Bill" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961. In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada. Context_10 : Surge (sometimes styled as SURGE) is a citrus flavored soft drink first produced in the 1990s by The Coca-Cola Company to compete with Pepsi's Mountain Dew. Surge was advertised as having a more "hardcore" edge, much like Mountain Dew's advertising at the time, in an attempt to lure customers away from Pepsi. It was originally launched in Norway as Urge, and was so popular that it was later released in America as Surge. Lagging sales caused production to be ended in 2006 for most markets, and by 2014 Norway was the last country where either Urge or Surge were still sold. fact_1 : It was formerly known as "Sugar-Free Mountain Dew" until 1986, when it was given its current name. fact_2 : Originally created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961. Question: Did Diet Mountain Dew and Pepsi have different names before they were called Diet Mountain Dew and Pepsi ?
A: | yes
****
| 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : Wildflower or The Wildflower (as styled on the sheet music), is a musical in three acts with book and lyrics by Otto Harbach and Oscar Hammerstein II and music by Herbert Stothart and Vincent Youmans. The plot concerns a pretty Italian farmgirl, Nina, who has a fiery temper. She stands to inherit a fortune provided that she can keep her temper under control for six months. If she fails, the money goes to her cousin Bianca, who tries to provoke her. She manages to do it, and gets the money, as well as her man, Guido. Several of the songs were published, among which "Bambalina" and the title song were the most popular. The musical proved to be Day's last Broadway show before moving to London. Context_2 : Kumi Nakada (中田 久美 "Nakada Kumi", born 3 September 1965) is a former professional volleyball player and coach of Hisamitsu Springs. She led Japan to a bronze medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics while still in high school and, despite serious and chronic knee injuries, remained one of the world's top setters until her retirement from the sport in 1993. Unusually for a Japanese athlete, Nakada was (and still is) remembered by opponents and teammates alike for her volatile temper, fiery competitiveness, and outspoken manner both on and off the court. After brief stints as a fashion model and motivational speaker, Nakada currently provides color commentary and makes guest appearances in a wide range of sports and variety media in Japan. She is represented by the sportsbiz in Tokyo. Context_3 : Naru Narusegawa (成瀬川 なる , Narusegawa Naru ) is a fictional character in the "Love Hina" series by Ken Akamatsu and one of the central characters in the franchise. Known for her fiery temper and tendency to use physical violence to punish central character Keitaro Urashima, she is the first female introduced in the series who is trying to pass the University of Tokyo entrance exams. Her studies along with her developing relationship with Keitaro is one of the focal points in the series. Her Japanese voice actress is Yui Horie and her English voice actor is Dorothy Elias-Fahn. Context_4 : The Death of Mario Ricci (French: La mort de Mario Ricci ) is a 1983 Swiss-French drama film directed by Claude Goretta. It was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival where Gian Maria Volontè won the award for Best Actor. Context_5 : Do As I Say is a 2008 documentary film based on the novel by Peter Schweizer titled "". The book, an eight-week "New York Times" bestseller, was adapted for the screen by writer and director Nick Tucker. As the book's title indicates, several outspoken left-wing politicians and other public figures are profiled, and evidence is presented for the alleged hypocrisy seen in the disparity between what the individuals do and what they advocate publicly. Context_6 : Mario Ricci (13 August 1914 – 22 February 2005) was an Italian cyclist. He rode in the 1949 Tour de France. Context_7 : Gian Maria Volontè (9 April 1933 – 6 December 1994) was an Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen. He is perhaps most famous outside of Italy for his roles in four Spaghetti Western films: Ramon Rojo and El Indio in Sergio Leone's "A Fistful of Dollars" (1965) and "For a Few Dollars More" (1965), El Chuncho Munoz in Damiano Damiani's "A Bullet for the General" (1966) and Professor Brad Fletcher in Sergio Sollima's "Face to Face" (1967). Context_8 : Amnesia is a 2015 Swiss-French drama film directed by Barbet Schroeder. It was selected to screen in the Special Screenings section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. Context_9 : Lounge Chair (French: "La méridienne" ) is a 1988 Swiss-French drama film directed by Jean-François Amiguet. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Swiss entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 61st Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. Context_10 : José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana (1949 – 21 December 1978) was a Basque paramilitarist and a key figure in the political evolution of the Basque separatist paramilitary Euskadi ta Askatasuna (ETA). Often known by his "nom de guerre" Argala ("Slim"), he took part in the so called Operation Ogre, which consisted in the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco, Spain's Prime Minister, in 1973. Five years later, he was in turn assassinated by a car bomb in Anglet, French Basque Country by a group directed by far right members inside the Spanish Navy (including an official of the SECED secret service and another of the Naval military intelligence agency, "Servicio de Inteligencia Naval" and the other belonging to the "Alto Estado Mayor"). This group reportedly received assistance from people such as former OAS member Jean Pierre Cherid, former Triple A Argentine member José María Boccardo and Italian neofascist Mario Ricci, member of "Avanguardia Nazionale". fact_1 : It was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival where Gian Maria Volontè won the award for Best Actor. fact_2 : Gian Maria Volontè (9 April 1933 – 6 December 1994) was an Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen. Question: Which Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen appeared in the 1983 Swiss-French drama film "The Death of Mario Ricci?"
Answer: | Gian Maria Volontè | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : Girls! Girls! Girls! is a 1962 Golden Globe-nominated American musical comedy film starring Elvis Presley as a penniless Hawaiian fisherman who loves his life on the sea and dreams of owning his own boat. "Return to Sender", which reached #2 on the "Billboard" pop singles chart, is featured in the movie. The movie opened at #6 on the "Variety" box office chart and finished the year at #31 on the year-end list of the top-grossing movies of 1962. The movie earned $2.6 million at the box office. Context_2 : DC Super Hero Girls: Hero of the Year is a 2016 American animated direct-to-video Superhero family comedy-drama film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the first film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise. The film premiered at the San Diego Comic-Con International on 24 July 2016, was released on Digital HD on 9 August 2016 and was released on DVD on 23 August 2016. Context_3 : DC Super Hero Girls: Intergalactic Games is a 2017 American animated direct-to-video film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the second film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise. It was digitally released on 9 May 2017 and was followed by a DVD release on 23 May 2017. Context_4 : Earth Girls Are Easy is a 1988 American musical romantic-comedy science fiction film that was produced by Tony Garnett, Duncan Henderson, and Terrence E. McNally and was directed by Julien Temple. The film stars Geena Davis, Julie Brown, Jeff Goldblum, Damon Wayans, and Jim Carrey. The plot is based on the song "Earth Girls Are Easy" from Julie Brown's 1984 mini-album "Goddess in Progress". Context_5 : Calendar Girls is a 2003 British comedy film directed by Nigel Cole. Produced by Buena Vista International and Touchstone Pictures, it features a screenplay by Tim Firth and Juliette Towhidi based on a true story of a group of Yorkshire women who produced a nude calendar to raise money for Leukaemia Research under the auspices of the Women's Institutes in April 1999. Context_6 : Operation Bullshine is a 1959 British colour comedy film directed by Gilbert Gunn and starring Donald Sinden, Barbara Murray and Carole Lesley. The working title of the film was "Girls in Arms" that features in the film as a marching song. Gunn had filmed "Girls at Sea" the previous year. The new title, based on an American "euphemism" for a very British word with the same meaning, comes from the frenzied activity preparing for their brigadier's surprise inspection. The film features 1956 Olympic swimmer Judy Grinham as a physical training instructor. The film was released in the USA in 1963 by Seven Arts Productions. Context_7 : Gaille Heidemann is an American voice actress, singer and songwriter known as the voice of Myriam the Mystic in Diablo III, Tempestra in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, along with guest-starring roles in Legends of Dreanor and Legion for World of Warcraft, Kung Fu Panda - Legends of Awesomeness, James Bond, Jr, All Grown Up, Primetime Glick, The California Raisin Show, Return to Castle Wolfenstein among many others. As a teenager she became a studio session singer appearing on TV and movie soundtracks with the Jimmy Joyce Singers. She dubbed the singing voice for Patty Duke in Valley of the Dolls, and played the girl singer with co-stars Kim Milford and the rock band Moon in two ABC Wide World Mysteries produced by Don Kirshner. Her song Hollywood Movie Girls was recorded by Dusty Springfield and became the title and theme for the TV special Ann-Margret: Hollywood Movie Girls for which she also wrote special material. Gaille's rock n' roll impressions were featured on stage and film in Stars on 45 in Concert; Dream Street in Las Vegas, which won the Eppie Award for Best Show of the Year; and Forbidden Broadway in San Francisco. The Olsen Twins performed nine of her songs in their musical party series, You're Invited To Mary-Kate and Ashley's, including "Dancing Your Dreams", "Practice, Practice, Practice" and "Moonbounce Madness" all co-written with Adam Fields. She wrote, sang, produced and appears in "Obama Girl's Mama" the YouTube parody of the Obama Girl election videos directed by John Moffitt. Gaille has voiced over a hundred commercials for clients such as Coca Cola, Pizza Hut, and Goodyear Tires. She co-wrote and produced “Chuck & Di – the Tabloid Musical!” for an SRO run at the Long Beach Playhouse reviewed by Robert Koehler for the LA Times as "a swiftly paced crib of Gilbert and Sullivan, mixed with campy drag comedy out of Monty Python." Context_8 : Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Brain Drain is an upcoming 2017 American animated direct-to-video film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the third film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, as well as the first in the series to be based on the DC Super Hero Girls brand of Lego. It will be digitally released on July 25, 2017 to be followed by a DVD release on August 8, 2017. Context_9 : The Girls is a musical written by Tim Firth and Gary Barlow. The story is based on the film "Calendar Girls" and is based on a true story. It is produced by David Pugh and Daffyd Rogers. Context_10 : Watchout! is the fourth studio album and fifth album overall by Martha and the Vandellas, released on the Gordy (Motown) label in 1966. The album featured the hit singles, "I'm Ready for Love" and "Jimmy Mack" and the ballad single, "What Am I Gonna Do Without Your Love?" This was one of the last albums by the girls to feature songs from Holland, Dozier, Holland, who the following year would leave Motown, as was with William "Mickey" Stevenson, the man who helped put the group on the musical map. The title of the album "Watchout!" was derived from a song featured on the flip-side of their hit single "My Baby Loves Me" (released earlier in 1966) entitled "Never Leave Your Baby's Side" (never released on an album). That song featured a chorus from the Vandellas which warned to "Watchout!" for "other girls" who could steal your man. fact_1 : The Girls is a musical written by Tim Firth and Gary Barlow. fact_2 : The story is based on the film "Calendar Girls" and is based on a true story. fact_3 : Calendar Girls is a 2003 British comedy film directed by Nigel Cole. Question: What year was the film "The Girls" musical is based on released?
Student: | 2003 | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : The William Clark House, also known as the "North Ward Center", is located in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1879 at a cost of $200,000 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 10, 1977. The house is a 28-room Queen Anne style designed by William Halsey Wood. The house was built for William Clark of the Clark Thread Company. Context_2 : Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: "Île-du-Prince-Édouard" ) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, as well as several much smaller islands. Context_3 : Edward William Holly (1879–1973), born Edward William Ruthlavy, was a Major League Baseball shortstop. He played all or part of four seasons in the majors. He is also a member of the International League Hall of Fame. Context_4 : Edward William Seward (June 29, 1867 – July 30, 1947), born as "Edward William Sourhardt", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher for six seasons from 1885 to 1891. Seward made his professional baseball debut in 1884 at age 16 with Terre Haute of the Northwestern League. Because of his age, he was referred to as "Kid" Seward. Known for his curve ball, Seward later played for the Providence Grays, Philadelphia Athletics, and Cleveland Spiders. After his playing career ended, Seward umpired a total of 27 games in the National League in 1892 and 1893. Context_5 : Edward William Cole (born Edward William Kisleauskas, March 22, 1909 – July 28, 1999) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the St. Louis Browns in and . Context_6 : Edward William Clark (born March 24, 1932) is a farmer, beef producer and former political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 3rd Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1970 to 1996 as a Liberal. Context_7 : Edward William Clark (born November 30, 1946) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Context_8 : Landon Y. (Lanny) Jones is an American editor and author. He is a former managing editor of "People magazine" and the author of "William Clark and the Shaping of the West", a biography of William Clark, joint leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Context_9 : York (1770 – before 1832) was an African-American explorer best known for his participation with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Enslaved by William Clark's father and passed down through a will to William Clark, he performed hard manual labor without pay, but participated as a full member of the expedition. Like many other expedition members, his ultimate fate is unclear. There is evidence that after the expedition's return, Clark had difficulty compelling York to resume his former status, and York may have later escaped or been freed, but nothing is entirely clear on this. Context_10 : Edward William Madjeski (born "Edward William Majewski") was a Major League Baseball catcher. He played all or part of four seasons in the majors, between 1932 and 1937 , for the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox and New York Giants. He also spent several years in the minors as a manager, although only one of those was a complete season: 1946 with the Orlando Senators of the Florida State League. fact_1 : Edward William Clark (born March 24, 1932) is a farmer, beef producer and former political figure on Prince Edward Island. fact_2 : Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: "Île-du-Prince-Édouard" ) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, as well as several much smaller islands. Question: Edward William Clark is a farmer in a province of what what country?
Answer: | Canada | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
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