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In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Q: Context_1 : The Southold Town Police Department, commonly referred to as STPD, is a professional police organization responsible for primary jurisdictional law enforcement for the town of Southold, New York. Southold Town is located in Suffolk County. The Southold Town Police Headquarters are located in the hamlet of Peconic, New York, with an address of 53095 Route 25, Peconic, NY 11958. (631) 765-2600. Context_2 : The North Fork of Long Island AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in eastern Suffolk County, New York. Authored by winemaker Richard Olsen-Harbich in 1985, it includes the entire North Fork of Long Island and the townships of Riverhead, Shelter Island, and Southold. The North Fork of Long Island is home to 38 wineries and 3000 acre of planted vineyards. The local climate is heavily influenced by the presence of Long Island Sound, Peconic Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean. The maritime influences of these bodies of water help to moderate temperature fluctuations and extend the growing season up to a month longer than other regions in New York. The most planted grape varieties in the region are Merlot, Chardonnay, and Cabernet Franc. The hardiness zone is 7a. Context_3 : South Jamesport is a hamlet in the town of Riverhead, Suffolk County, New York, United States. The community is located on the north shore of the Great Peconic Bay. South Jamesport has a post office with ZIP code 11970, which opened on February 2, 1893. Context_4 : The Suffolk County Sheriff's Office is the oldest law enforcement agency in Suffolk County, New York, having been established in 1683. The Sheriff's Office currently employs over 1200 people, including 898 correction officers, 254 deputy sheriffs, and 130 civilian personnel. Its Office and Business Operations are located at the Riverhead Correctional Facility, 100 Center Drive South in Riverhead (although it bears the Riverhead name, it is actually south of the Peconic River in Riverside in the Town of Southampton). Context_5 : Riverhead Central School District is a public school district located in the eastern part of Suffolk County, New York, United States. It primarily serves the Town of Riverhead, as well as 10 sqmi in the Town of Southampton and 3 sqmi in the Town of Brookhaven, and includes the census-designated places(CDPs) of Aquebogue, Baiting Hollow, Northville, Riverhead, and Riverside, and portions of Calverton, Flanders, Hampton Bays, Jamesport, Northampton, and Wading River. The total district size is 81 sqmi . Context_6 : Peconic County (/pəˈkɒnɪk kaʊntiː/) is a proposed new county on Long Island in New York that would secede the five easternmost towns of Suffolk County: East Hampton, Riverhead, Shelter Island, Southampton and Southold, plus the Shinnecock Indian Reservation. Context_7 : Riverhead is a town within Suffolk County, New York, on the north shore of Long Island. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,506. The town rests on the mouth of the Peconic River, from which it derives its name. Since 1727, Riverhead has been the county seat of Suffolk County. The smaller hamlet of Riverhead lies within it, and is the town's principal economic center. The town is 166 miles (267 km) southwest of Boston via the Orient Point-New London Ferry, and is 76 miles (123 km) northeast of New York City. Context_8 : The Riverhead Town Police Department, commonly referred to as RPD, is a professional police organization responsible for primary jurisdictional law enforcement for the Town of Riverhead, New York. The Town of Riverhead is located in Suffolk County. The Riverhead Town Police Headquarters are located in Riverhead, with an address of 210 Howell Avenue, Riverhead, NY 11901 (631) 727-4500. Context_9 : The Peconic River is a river within Suffolk County on Long Island, New York in the United States. The river is located in the eastern end of Long Island. The Peconic River drains an area between the Harbor Hill and Ronkonkoma terminal moraines, and flows into Flanders Bay which in turn connects to Peconic Bay east of Riverhead. Context_10 : Mattituck-Cutchogue Union Free School District is a public school district located on the North Fork of Long Island, in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It primarily serves the western part of the Town of Southold, as well as a small portion of the Town of Riverhead, and includes the census-designated places of Mattituck, Cutchogue and Laurel, and portions of Jamesport and Peconic. To the east, the district is bordered by the Southold Union Free School District; and on the west, the Riverhead Central School District. fact_1 : Riverhead is a town within Suffolk County, New York, on the north shore of Long Island. fact_2 : The town rests on the mouth of the Peconic River, from which it derives its name. fact_3 : The Peconic River is a river within Suffolk County on Long Island, New York in the United States. Question: Riverhead is a town that rests on the mouth of the Peconic River that is a river within Suffolk County in what state?
A: New York
****
Q: Context_1 : "Are You Getting Enough?" is a song by British rapper Professor Green, featuring singer Miles Kane. It was released on 21 July 2013 and it only appears on the deluxe version of "Growing Up in Public". The track features vocals from the British singer Miles Kane. The song was written by Professor Green, Miles Kane and Kid Harpoon, and produced by Kid Harpoon. Context_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Context_3 : "Come Closer" is a song by the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 18 February 2011. In interviews he has described this song as sleazy. The song was inspired by John Lennon. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as digital download. The first 500 7" came with a signed set of lyrics by Miles Kane. Context_4 : Casey McPherson (born September 15, 1978 in Lake Jackson, Texas) is a singer/songwriter based in Austin, Texas. He is currently the frontman of the band Alpha Rev and formerly sang in the band Endochine. Context_5 : Baron Batch (born December 21, 1987), self-styled "The Artist", a Pittsburgh-based entrepreneur and former American football running back who retired from the NFL in 2013. He is known for his "FREE" art drops, where he posts pictures of giveaway paintings on Instagram and Twitter, leaving clues to their location. He played college football at Texas Tech University. Batch chose to play college football at Texas Tech University over offers from Northwestern University, Duke University, and New Mexico State University. Batch is from Midland, Texas. He is the owner and creator of Angry Man Salsa and creative director of Studio AM. He is the brother of Brian Batch of the band Alpha Rev. Context_6 : "Inhaler" is a song and debut release of the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 19 November 2010. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as a Digital download on iTunes. The song was re-released on 8 July 2011. Matt Collar of AllMusic describes the song as "bluesy acid garage". Joe Zadeh of Clash comments that the song is "brilliantly executed, explosive indie rock". The song is based on a riff borrowed from "Mother Nature Father Earth", a song by the 1960s garage rock band The Music Machine. Context_7 : Aaron Nicholas Cupples is an Australian born, London (UK) based, record producer, composer and musician. He has produced, composed or mixed for artists such as Blanck Mass, Civil Civic, The Vaccines, The Drones, Miles Kane, Broken Social Scene, Paul Kelly, Dominique Young Unique, Dan Kelly, Snowman, and Standish/Carlyon. Context_8 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. He was also the former frontman of the Rascals, before the band announced their break-up in August 2009. Context_9 : Hotel Shampoo is the third solo album by Welsh musician and Super Furry Animals front-man Gruff Rhys. It was released on 14 February 2011 through Onvi Records/Turnstile (in the UK) and Wichita (in the US) and peaked at number forty-two on the UK Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Shark Ridden Waters", "Sensations In The Dark", "Honey All Over" and "Space Dust #2"; the latter of which is collaboration with Sarah Assbring and Miles Kane. The album won the 2011 Welsh Music Prize and the Album of the Year award at the Artrocker Awards 2011. Context_10 : Aaron Howard Johnson (born February 8, 1977) is an American music producer. Aaron has produced and mixed many artists including Alpha Rev, Secondhand Serenade, Katie Herzig, Adam Ezra, and Eve6, but he is best known for being the producer of the Denver-based rock band the Fray. fact_1 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. fact_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Question: Are Miles Kane and Alpha Rev both based in the US?
A: no
****
Q: Context_1 : Wake Up Call is an album by British bluesman John Mayall (also called as an John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers album) with various special guest appearances by Buddy Guy, Mick Taylor, Mavis Staples and a few other musicians, released on April 6, 1993. Context_2 : John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers was an English blues rock band, led by singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist John Mayall, OBE. While never producing a radio-friendly hit on their own, the Bluesbreakers greatest legacy is as an incubator for British rock and blues musicians. Many of the best known bands to come out of Britain in the 1960s and 1970s had members that came through the Bluesbreakers at one time, forming the foundation of British blues music that still appears heavily in classic rock radio. Among those with a tenure in the Bluesbreakers are Eric Clapton and Jack Bruce (later of Cream), Peter Green, Mick Fleetwood, and John McVie (who would form Fleetwood Mac), Mick Taylor (the Rolling Stones), Aynsley Dunbar (Frank Zappa and The Mothers of Invention), and numerous other musicians. Context_3 : The 1982 Reunion Concert is a live album from a concert by British Bluesman John Mayall. His sidemen are Mick Taylor on guitar, John McVie on bass and Colin Allen on drums. The concert took place at the Wax Museum, Washington DC, on 17 June 1982. It was released in 1994 by Repertoire Records as a CD credited to John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers. Context_4 : Buddy Whittington is an American guitarist. He began playing the guitar inspired by his sister's records of The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and John Mayall's Bluesbreakers with Eric Clapton. At the age of 14 he was already a part of the Dallas/Fort Worth music scene and playing regularly in the clubs along Jacksboro Highway. While attending high school, Whittington played in a band called Short Change, which opened for Point Blank, a band that he would later join, replacing guitar player Kim Davis. During the early 1980s, he formed and sang with his own band, The Sidemen. In 1991, they opened for John Mayall and when Coco Montoya left the Bluesbreakers in 1993, Mayall called him to take his place in the band. In Mayall's band Whittington sang occasionally and contributed to songwriting. When, after fifteen years, Mayall disbanded the Bluesbreakers, Whittington continued to gig in Texas, but also joined forces with Roger Cotton and Pete Stroud, who had toured with Mayall as part of Peter Green's band. Context_5 : 14 On Fire was a concert tour by The Rolling Stones, which started on 21 February 2014 in Abu Dhabi. It was a follow-up to the 50 & Counting... tour which celebrated the 50th anniversary of the band. The tour was very much similar to the 50 & Counting... just as the "Urban Jungle" portion of the Stones' Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour in 1990 was similar to the "Steel Wheels" portion in 1989. "14 On Fire" had the same stage design, setlist structure, and clothing/merchandise as 50 & Counting… Also, Mick Taylor was a guest throughout this tour as in 50 & Counting. Context_6 : Looking Back is the seventh album released by John Mayall in August 1969 by Decca Records. The album features songs by both John Mayall's Bluesbreakers and John Mayall solo work. The album reached No. 79 on the "Billboard" 200. Confusingly, there are two different albums with the title "Looking Back": a Decca UK release as a single album (SKL 5010) and a Decca Germany (issued by TELDEC) release as a double album (DS 3104/1-2). Later issues on CD would use the Deram label. Context_7 : Blues Breakers with Eric Clapton ( The Beano Album) is a 1966 blues/blues rock album recorded by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers with Eric Clapton as part of the band. It is the second album credited to John Mayall after the live "John Mayall Plays John Mayall". Clapton left to form Cream after this recording, though would team up again in 1971 for the double LP "Back to the Roots". Context_8 : "Crawling up a Hill" is a song written by John Mayall, and recorded by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers. The song was released as a studio recorded single in 1964 and as part of the live album, "John Mayall Plays John Mayall", in 1965. The single was the first released recording to feature future Fleetwood Mac core member John McVie on bass. Context_9 : Michael Kevin Taylor (born 17 January 1949) is an English musician, best known as a former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers (1966–69) and the Rolling Stones (1969–74). He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including "Let It Bleed", "Sticky Fingers" and "Exile on Main St.". Context_10 : John Mayall Plays John Mayall is the debut album by John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers, released in 1965, Decca LK 4680. This album was recorded live at Klooks Kleek on none }} . Roger Dean stated in an interview that they ran cables out of the window of the club to the Decca Studio about 100 yards away for this recording. fact_1 : 14 On Fire was a concert tour by The Rolling Stones, which started on 21 February 2014 in Abu Dhabi. fact_2 : "14 On Fire" had the same stage design, setlist structure, and clothing/merchandise as 50 & Counting… Also, Mick Taylor was a guest throughout this tour as in 50 & Counting. fact_3 : He has appeared on some of the Stones' classic albums including "Let It Bleed", "Sticky Fingers" and "Exile on Main St.". Question: In addition to being a guest on their 14 on Fire tour, what Stones' classic albums did former member of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, appear on?
A: | Let It Bleed, Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St.
****
| 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
See one example below:
Problem: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Take 6, released in 1988 on Reprise Records, is the first album by the American contemporary Gospel music group Take 6. The album won the group their first two Grammy Awards for Best Jazz Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and Best Soul Gospel Performance by a Duo, Group, Choir or Chorus. It also earned the group their first three Dove Awards for Group of the Year, Contemporary Black Gospel Album of the Year, and Contemporary Black Gospel Song of the Year. Context_2 : Songs of Faith is the debut studio album by American singer Aretha Franklin, Released in 1956 by JVB/Battle Records. The album was recorded live when Franklin was aged 14 at New Bethel Baptist Church, the church of her father Reverend C. L. Franklin. The album was originally issued on JVB LP 100 and Battle LP 6105. It is always known on Checker Records as Checker LPS-10009. Songs of Faith has been reissued many times under various names. It is known also as "The Gospel Soul of Aretha Franklin", "Aretha's Gospel", "Precious Lord", "You Grow Closer", "Never Grow Old", and "The First Album". Context_3 : George Nelson Allen (September 7, 1812 – December 9, 1877) was an American composer and geologist who was associated with Oberlin College, where he taught for 34 years. He is primarily known today for writing the melody to the hymn Precious Lord, Take My Hand. He also served on the first geological survey of Yellowstone National Park, under Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden. Context_4 : ("Give Me That") "Old-Time Religion" (and similar spellings) is a traditional Gospel song dating from 1873, when it was included in a list of Jubilee songs—or earlier. It has become a standard in many Protestant hymnals, though it says nothing about Jesus or the gospel, and covered by many artists. Some scholars, such as Forrest Mason McCann, have asserted the possibility of an earlier stage of evolution of the song, in that "the tune may go back to English folk origins" (later dying out in the white repertoire but staying alive in the work songs of African Americans). In any event, it was by way of Charles Davis Tillman that the song had incalculable influence on the confluence of black spiritual and white gospel song traditions in forming the genre now known as southern gospel. Tillman was largely responsible for publishing the song into the repertoire of white audiences. It was first heard sung by African-Americans and written down by Tillman when he attended a camp meeting in Lexington, South Carolina in 1889. Context_5 : Gospel music is a genre of Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music usually has dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century, with roots in the black oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were often repeated in a call and response fashion. Most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella. The first published use of the term "gospel song" probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby. Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate. Context_6 : Precious Lord is the 16th studio album by Al Green and his third gospel album, released in 1982. Context_7 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. Context_8 : "Kid" Prince Moore was an American blues musician, from the United States, who recorded 17 songs from 1936 to 1938. Moore played in a Piedmont blues style, similar to that of Blind Blake. Moore also recorded two Gospel Music tracks, "Church Bells" and "Sign of Judgement". Moore also accompanied blues pianist Shorty Bob Parker on six of his own tracks. Bruce Bastin, in his book ""Red River Blues: The Blues Tradition in the Southeast"", suggests that Moore may have originated from The Carolinas, but as of 2017 there is no documented knowledge of Moore's life. Context_9 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Context_10 : "You'll Need Somebody on Your Bond" (later titled "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond") is a gospel song that is attributed to both tradition and to gospel blues musician Blind Willie Johnson. Johnson first recorded the song in December 1930, although Delta blues musician Charley Patton recorded a similar "You're Gonna Need Somebody When You Die" in October 1929. Over the years, several other musicians have recorded renditions of the song. fact_1 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. fact_2 : The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. fact_3 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". fact_4 : Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Question: "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" is a gospel song written by a man who earlier in his life was a leading blues pianist known as who?
Solution: | Georgia Tom | 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Divine Heresy is an American metal band formed by founder of Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares and Devolved drummer John Sankey. Although the band's origins trace back to 2002, Divine Heresy was officially formed in 2006. The band currently consists of guitarist Cazares, former Vital Remains drummer and current World Under Blood drummer Tim Yeung, former Nile bassist Joe Payne and vocalist Travis Neal. Tommy "Vext" Cummings was fired from Divine Heresy following an onstage altercation on April 26, 2008. After holding auditions for a new frontman for the band, it was announced on August 14 that The Bereaved vocalist Travis Neal is to fill the position. Context_2 : Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989. Throughout the band's career, they have released nine full-length albums and have evolved through a succession of styles, including nu metal, death metal, groove metal, and Industrial Death Metal. Fear Factory was enormously influential on the heavy metal scene in the mid-to-late 1990s. Fear Factory went on hold in March 2002 following some internal disputes, but reformed a year later without founding member Dino Cazares, adding bassist Byron Stroud, and previous bassist Christian Olde Wolbers as guitarist. Context_3 : TT Quick was an American heavy metal band from Osbornsville, New Jersey that formed in 1979. The band started on the highly competitive New Jersey bar band cover music circuit. In 1983 Jon Zazula began the iconic Megaforce Records, signing T.T.Quick, along with Metallica, Anthrax and Overkill and several others. The band would release a debut EP on the Megaforce subsidiary Avalanche imprint in 1984. The highly regarded "Metal Of Honor" album would follow in 1986. Following a lull of several years the reunion release "Sloppy Seconds" would debut on the Halycon label in 1989 to be followed by the "Thrown Together Live" opus in 1992. A breakup and reunion would produce the CD entitled "Ink" in 2000. Recognized as outstanding players, guitarist Dave DiPietro in particular stood out as a mentor to Zakk Wylde and Dave Sabo who would later star with Ozzy Osbourne and Skid Row respectively. In 2009, lead singer Mark Tornillo joined the heavy metal group Accept. Context_4 : Joseph "Joe" Payne is an American musician. He was born in Tampa, Florida in 1984. He is a heavy metal bassist and guitarist. Until 2011, Payne played bass in the metal band Divine Heresy with Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares, vocalist Travis Neal and ex-Vital Remains and Hate Eternal drummer Tim Yeung. Context_5 : Halford is an American heavy metal band formed in 1999 by British singer Rob Halford, who is best known as the lead vocalist for Judas Priest. Halford formed the band to return to his heavy metal roots. His two previous projects were a "street metal"-style band called Fight and the industrial metal band 2wo. Context_6 : Chimaira is an American heavy metal band from Cleveland, Ohio. Formed in 1998, the group was a notable member of the New Wave of American Heavy Metal scene. The band's name is derived from the word Chimera, a monstrous creature in Greek mythology. Throughout its history, the band endured numerous line-up changes, leaving vocalist Mark Hunter as the only constant member. The band dissolved in 2014, but announced a one-off reunion in late 2017. Context_7 : Slough Feg (also known as The Lord Weird Slough Feg) is an American heavy metal band from Pennsylvania, formed in 1990 and is currently based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Taking their name from the Celtic folklore-influenced comic book Sláine, the band released their self-titled debut album in 1996. The band combines influences from traditional heavy metal bands such as Iron Maiden, Brocas Helm and Thin Lizzy, and English folk metal band Skyclad. Context_8 : Nathan Jonas "Joey" Jordison (born April 26, 1975), is an American musician, songwriter, record producer and multi-instrumentalist, best known for his work as the former drummer and co-songwriter for the American heavy metal band Slipknot as well as guitarist in the American horror punk band Murderdolls. Jordison played in Slipknot since their formation in 1995 until his departure from the band in December 2013. He was the drummer and founder of the American heavy metal band Scar the Martyr which formed in 2013 and disbanded in 2016. He grew up in Waukee, Iowa with his parents and two sisters, and was given his first drum kit at the age of 8. He performed in several bands until joining in the summer of 1995 with the group The Pale Ones, which would later change their name to Slipknot. Of Slipknot's nine-member lineup which lasted from 1999–2010, Joey was the third to join the band. Context_9 : Boize was a Canadian heavy metal and glam metal band based in Montreal, Quebec. The band was formed in the spring of 1989 in Laval, Quebec when vocalist Perry Blainey responded to an advertisement placed in the Montreal Gazette newspaper by bassist and keyboardist Stéphane Fania and guitarist Robert Kourie. Boize was associated with record label Aquarius Records and was managed by Canadian musician star and recording studio owner Bill Hill, under his music production company and management agency Bill Hill Productions. The band also had a brief association with South American heavy metal legend Alvacast, when singer Carlos "Charly" Lopez joined Boize as new vocalist in the fall of 1992. Context_10 : Kurdt Vanderhoof (born June 28, 1961) is an American guitarist, best known as the lead guitarist and founding member of the American heavy metal band Metal Church. As early as 1976, in Aberdeen, Vanderhoof was ardently networking with local musicians and had formed a band called Tyr, which included Kirk Arrington on drums and Vanderhoof on rhythm guitar. In 1978 Vanderhoof joined Seattle hardcore punk band The Lewd adopting the stage name "Blobbo" on bass guitar, switching instruments to guitar the following year. The Lewd relocated from Seattle to San Francisco in 1980. Following Vanderhoof's departure from The Lewd he formed Metal Church, named after a nickname given to his San Francisco apartment. Vanderhoof moved back to his hometown, Aberdeen, Washington, with a vinyl single of Trash Can Baby as proof of his interlude with the Lewd. In the summer of 1982, he formed a heavy metal cover band named Shrapnel. It consisted of Tom Weber on drums, Duke Erickson on bass (both from Hoquiam), Mike Murphey ("muff", from Montesano) and a guitar player Vanderhoof had jammed with in high school(Aberdeen). Shrapnel played four events to warm up, including a frat party at Pacific Lutheran University, after which the other guitar player quit, having had a religious experience, unwilling to cover The Number of The Beast by Iron Maiden. His part was replaced by Craig Wells of Aberdeen, and Tom was eventually replaced by Kirk Arrington (also from Hoquiam) on drums. When Mike Murphy left the band, they recruited David Wayne for vocal duties. By 1983, Shrapnel had renamed itself to Vanderhoof's original band name, Metal Church. fact_1 : Until 2011, Payne played bass in the metal band Divine Heresy with Fear Factory guitarist Dino Cazares, vocalist Travis Neal and ex-Vital Remains and Hate Eternal drummer Tim Yeung. fact_2 : Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989. Question: Which of the band with which Joe Payne played is an American heavy metal band that was formed in 1989?
[EX A]: Fear Factory
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Crab dip, sometimes referred to as Maryland crab dip, is a thick, creamy dip that is typically prepared from cream cheese and lump crab meat. Other primary ingredients such as mayonnaise may be used. Various types of crab preparations, species and superfamilies are used, as are a variety of added ingredients. It is typically served hot, although cold versions also exist. Hot versions are typically baked or broiled. It is sometimes served as an appetizer. Accompaniments may include crackers and various breads. Some U.S. restaurants offer crab dip, commercially produced varieties exist, and some stadiums offer it as a part of their concessions. Context_2 : Corn crab soup is a dish found in Chinese cuisine, American Chinese cuisine, and Canadian Chinese cuisine. The soup is actually cream of corn soup with egg white and crab meat or imitation crab meat added. It is most likely of southern Chinese origin. Context_3 : Deviled crab (croqueta de jaiba in Spanish) is a crab meat croquette. The crab meat is slowly sauteed with seasonings, breaded (traditionally with stale Cuban bread), rolled into the approximate shape of a rugby football or a small potato, and deep fried. Context_4 : This is a list of crab dishes. Crabs live in all the world's oceans, in fresh water, and on land, are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton and have a single pair of claws. Crab meat is the meat found within a crab. It is used in many cuisines across the world. Context_5 : Crab sticks, krab sticks, imitation crab meat or seafood sticks are a form of kamaboko, a processed seafood made of starch and finely pulverized white fish (surimi), shaped and cured to resemble the leg meat of snow crab or Japanese spider crab. Context_6 : Portunus haanii (swimming crab, red swimming crab, red swimmer crab, or warty swimming crab) is a species of crab. It is a source of commercial crab meat in Vietnam and China. Context_7 : West Indies Salad is a variation of crab meat ceviche that originated in the Mobile, Alabama area and is still a regional seafood delicacy enjoyed today. West Indies Salad has been claimed as being created by the restaurateur Bill Bayley, the owner of Bayley's Restaurant south of Mobile on Dauphin Island Parkway, in 1947. There are variations of the recipe, but the ingredients should always include lump blue crab meat, diced sweet white onions, garlic, lemon juice, cider vinegar, salt, pepper, and vegetable oil (traditionally Wesson oil). There are recipes in the cookbook of the Junior League of Mobile (first published in the 1964 version of this cookbook) and the recently in the Times Picayune of New Orleans. The dish is offered in many restaurants in the Mobile Bay area. Context_8 : A California roll or California maki is a "makizushi" sushi roll, usually made inside-out, containing cucumber, crab meat or imitation crab, and avocado. Sometimes crab salad is substituted for the crab stick, and often the outer layer of rice in an inside-out roll ("uramaki") is sprinkled with toasted sesame seeds, "tobiko" or "masago" (capelin roe). Context_9 : Crab Rangoon, sometimes called crab puffs, crab rangoon puffs, or cheese wontons, are deep-fried dumpling appetizers served in American Chinese and, more recently, Thai restaurants, stuffed with a combination of cream cheese, crab meat or imitation crab meat, scallions, and/or garlic and onion. These fillings are then wrapped in Chinese wonton wrappers in a triangular or flower shape, then deep-fried in vegetable oil. The dish can also be baked. Context_10 : Eggs Neptune is a layered breakfast or brunch dish consisting of a split English muffin, crab meat, poached eggs, and hollandaise sauce. It is a variation of Eggs Benedict with crab meat replacing Canadian bacon. fact_1 : A California roll or California maki is a "makizushi" sushi roll, usually made inside-out, containing cucumber, crab meat or imitation crab, and avocado. fact_2 : Sometimes crab salad is substituted for the crab stick, and often the outer layer of rice in an inside-out roll ("uramaki") is sprinkled with toasted sesame seeds, "tobiko" or "masago" (capelin roe). fact_3 : Crab sticks, krab sticks, imitation crab meat or seafood sticks are a form of kamaboko, a processed seafood made of starch and finely pulverized white fish (surimi), shaped and cured to resemble the leg meat of snow crab or Japanese spider crab. Question: If a California roll doesn't contain real crab meat, then what might there be a form of in it's place?
[EX A]: kamaboko
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Take 6, released in 1988 on Reprise Records, is the first album by the American contemporary Gospel music group Take 6. The album won the group their first two Grammy Awards for Best Jazz Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and Best Soul Gospel Performance by a Duo, Group, Choir or Chorus. It also earned the group their first three Dove Awards for Group of the Year, Contemporary Black Gospel Album of the Year, and Contemporary Black Gospel Song of the Year. Context_2 : Songs of Faith is the debut studio album by American singer Aretha Franklin, Released in 1956 by JVB/Battle Records. The album was recorded live when Franklin was aged 14 at New Bethel Baptist Church, the church of her father Reverend C. L. Franklin. The album was originally issued on JVB LP 100 and Battle LP 6105. It is always known on Checker Records as Checker LPS-10009. Songs of Faith has been reissued many times under various names. It is known also as "The Gospel Soul of Aretha Franklin", "Aretha's Gospel", "Precious Lord", "You Grow Closer", "Never Grow Old", and "The First Album". Context_3 : George Nelson Allen (September 7, 1812 – December 9, 1877) was an American composer and geologist who was associated with Oberlin College, where he taught for 34 years. He is primarily known today for writing the melody to the hymn Precious Lord, Take My Hand. He also served on the first geological survey of Yellowstone National Park, under Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden. Context_4 : ("Give Me That") "Old-Time Religion" (and similar spellings) is a traditional Gospel song dating from 1873, when it was included in a list of Jubilee songs—or earlier. It has become a standard in many Protestant hymnals, though it says nothing about Jesus or the gospel, and covered by many artists. Some scholars, such as Forrest Mason McCann, have asserted the possibility of an earlier stage of evolution of the song, in that "the tune may go back to English folk origins" (later dying out in the white repertoire but staying alive in the work songs of African Americans). In any event, it was by way of Charles Davis Tillman that the song had incalculable influence on the confluence of black spiritual and white gospel song traditions in forming the genre now known as southern gospel. Tillman was largely responsible for publishing the song into the repertoire of white audiences. It was first heard sung by African-Americans and written down by Tillman when he attended a camp meeting in Lexington, South Carolina in 1889. Context_5 : Gospel music is a genre of Christian music. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music usually has dominant vocals (often with strong use of harmony) with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century, with roots in the black oral tradition. Hymns and sacred songs were often repeated in a call and response fashion. Most of the churches relied on hand clapping and foot stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done a cappella. The first published use of the term "gospel song" probably appeared in 1874. The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as George F. Root, Philip Bliss, Charles H. Gabriel, William Howard Doane, and Fanny Crosby. Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following World War II, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate. Context_6 : Precious Lord is the 16th studio album by Al Green and his third gospel album, released in 1982. Context_7 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. Context_8 : "Kid" Prince Moore was an American blues musician, from the United States, who recorded 17 songs from 1936 to 1938. Moore played in a Piedmont blues style, similar to that of Blind Blake. Moore also recorded two Gospel Music tracks, "Church Bells" and "Sign of Judgement". Moore also accompanied blues pianist Shorty Bob Parker on six of his own tracks. Bruce Bastin, in his book ""Red River Blues: The Blues Tradition in the Southeast"", suggests that Moore may have originated from The Carolinas, but as of 2017 there is no documented knowledge of Moore's life. Context_9 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Context_10 : "You'll Need Somebody on Your Bond" (later titled "You're Gonna Need Somebody on Your Bond") is a gospel song that is attributed to both tradition and to gospel blues musician Blind Willie Johnson. Johnson first recorded the song in December 1930, although Delta blues musician Charley Patton recorded a similar "You're Gonna Need Somebody When You Die" in October 1929. Over the years, several other musicians have recorded renditions of the song. fact_1 : "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" (a.k.a. "Precious Lord, Take My Hand") is a gospel song. fact_2 : The lyrics were written by the Rev. Thomas A. Dorsey (1899–1993), who also adapted the melody. fact_3 : Thomas Andrew Dorsey (July 1, 1899 – January 23, 1993) was known as "the father of black gospel music" and was at one time so closely associated with the field that songs written in the new style were sometimes known as "dorseys". fact_4 : Earlier in his life he was a leading blues pianist known as Georgia Tom. Question: "Take My Hand, Precious Lord" is a gospel song written by a man who earlier in his life was a leading blues pianist known as who?
[EX A]: | Georgia Tom
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : The 55th Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Sunday 7 April 2013 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast on the Nine Network and simulcast of Today Network's radio stations. Public voting for the "Most Popular" categories were conducted through an online survey from late November 2012 to 10 February 2013. Nominations were announced on 11 March 2013. Network Ten's "Offspring" received the most nominations with eight. "Hamish and Andy's Euro Gap Year", "", "Home and Away", "Howzat! Kerry Packer's War", and "Puberty Blues" each received five nominations. Television presenter Brian Henderson was inducted into the Logies Hall of Fame. Context_2 : Metropolis is a musical based on the 1927 silent movie of the same name that was staged at the Piccadilly Theatre in London in 1989. The music was written by Joe Brooks, the lyrics by Dusty Hughes. The show was directed by Jérôme Savary. The cast included Judy Kuhn, Brian Blessed, Graham Bickley, Jonathan Adams, Paul Keown and Stifyn Parri. The musical marked the London debut of Judy Kuhn, who left the show shortly before the end of its run to be replaced by Mary Lincoln. The production was notable for its set design by Ralph Koltai. Context_3 : Brian Blessed {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 9 October 1936) is an English actor, writer, and presenter. He is known for his booming voice and his roles in "I, Claudius", "Blackadder", and "Flash Gordon". Context_4 : Kidnapped ("A timeless tale of honor, bravery and adventure") is a 1995 TV adventure drama film directed by Ivan Passer and starring Armand Assante as Highlander Alan Breck and Brian McCardie as Lowlander David Balfour. Among the supporting actors are Michael Kitchen and Brian Blessed. The film was based on the book titled "Kidnapped" by author Robert Louis Stevenson. Christopher Reeve had originally been cast as Breck prior to his spinal cord injury in a horse race which left him a quadriplegic on May 27, 1995. Context_5 : Adrian Rigelsford (born 1969, in Cambridge) is a writer and TV historian whose factual and fictional work has been subject to controversy. In June 2004, he was convicted of stealing photographs from the "Daily Mail"/Associated Newspapers archive in Kensington. Rigelsford has ghost written biographies of Peter Sellers and Brian Blessed and books about "Doctor Who". Context_6 : Pāvels Gumennikovs (born January 1, 1986) is a Latvian film director, actor, writer, and producer. He started his film career in China, where he directed his first film "Kaleidoscope" (2010) that won him a best young director and best film award in Chinese Young Film director Festival. After that he directed a movie "I love You Riga" that become 3rd highest grossing in a country and was one of the 2 films considered to be nomination for Oscar. It was the runner out at the end for Oscar nomination (2011) that become one of the most successful movies in Latvia and were screened in cinemas around the country and participated in European Film Festivals, after that he directed a critique very well received TV show "Yes Boss" (2012), that was proclaimed as best made show in Latvia for great acting and directing. It was a revolutionary TV Show for Latvia, as it was first TV Show shoot in outside locations with scale of Hollywood TV Show production. The TV Show was shown on Muz-TV channel and TV5 and was seen by 300,000 people online. Context_7 : Stephen Nicholas (born 23 August 1978) also known as Stephen Charles Nicholas is an actor and presenter from Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. Stephen currently lives in Sheffield, his first role was on Sky One's Dream Team, where he played Scott Ward. From there, he filmed the first in the trilogy Goal! (In which he played a Newcastle United Reserves player). Following this, he moved to Los Angeles, where he played Smith in the feature film Futbaal: The Price of Dreams. Stephen then returned to the UK to make a Bollywood film called Dhana Dhana Goal with John Abraham. Stephen then experienced his first opportunity in reality TV with the show Premier League All Stars for Sky One, as well as playing a footballer, he was on-hand to present celebrity gossip and pitch side reports. He then appeared in Celebrity Most Haunted and Date the Enemy. From there he then went on to star in Goal 3 where he not only acted in the film he also became the football choreographer and choreographed all the football scenes in the film. Nicholas then starred in the film Damned United where he played Welsh international Alan Durban, the film was filmed in Chesterfield and Leeds and was directed by Oscar winner Tom Hooper and also starred Oscar nominated Michael Sheen. Stephens next production was the feature film called 'No Way Back Now'about the notorious Manchester district of Moss Side, where Stephen played the lead actor Stuart Gavin,The feature is roughly based on the notorious Gooch gang that terrorised Manchester throughout the years. The next move for Stephen was pantomime where he was part of the production Aladdin over the Christmas period of 2015 in Doncaster playing Abanaza the main villain which he did until January 7, 2016!. He has recently been cast in the up-and-coming Feature Film 'Whiteblade' where he will play Thurstan the head Warlord Whiteblade is currently in production and Stephen is shooting his scenes in August 2016. In September 2016 Stephen will be presenting the Sky TV show 'Britz go Bollywood' the show consists of a group of Celebrities being dressed by The best Indian designers, Stephen is the main presenter of the show which will be screened live September 2, 2016. Context_8 : Hotel Broadway was a musical TV show broadcast on the now-defunct DuMont Television Network. The 30-minute show ran from January 20, 1949, to March 17, 1949. The show starred singer Jerri Blanchard and was produced by Harvey Marlowe. Context_9 : I, Claudius is a 1976 BBC Television adaptation of Robert Graves' "I, Claudius" and "Claudius the God". Written by Jack Pulman, it starred Derek Jacobi as Claudius, with Siân Phillips, Brian Blessed, George Baker, Margaret Tyzack, John Hurt, Patricia Quinn, Ian Ogilvy, Kevin McNally, Patrick Stewart, and John Rhys-Davies. Context_10 : Gary Watson (13 June 1930 in Shropshire, England) is a retired British television actor who started out as a stage actor most notably acting in Friedrich Hebbel's 1962 play "Judith" at Her Majesty's Theatre in London, England with Sean Connery. He was however best known for his appearances in British ITC productions of the 1960s including "The Avengers", "The Saint" and "Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased)" in 1969 in the last episode The Smile Behind the Veil. In 1966 he played in all 10 episodes of The Three Musketeers as Aramis starring alongside Brian Blessed and Jeremy Brett. He also appeared in the 1967 "Doctor Who" serial The Evil of the Daleks. He appeared alongside Anthony Hopkins in the 1972 Television series War and Peace. He played the semi-regular character of Det. Insp. Fred Connor in the long running BBC police drama Z-Cars between 1972 and 1974. In 1974 he played George Vavsor for 5 episodes in The Pallisers which also featured Jeremy Irons. In 1977, he played the role of Ross in the BBC series "Murder Most English" and also appeared in the 1988 BBC adaptation of Macbeth playing MacDuff. He was also much employed as a reader and narrator, featuring in dozens of commercials throughout the 1980s and 1990s, particularly noted for his work in British Transport Films, Lloyds Bank and Nescafé adverts. fact_1 : In 1966 he played in all 10 episodes of The Three Musketeers as Aramis starring alongside Brian Blessed and Jeremy Brett. fact_2 : Brian Blessed {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 9 October 1936) is an English actor, writer, and presenter. Question: What tv show starred both actor, writer and presenter Brian Blessed and Gary Watson as Aramis?
Student: | The Three Musketeers | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Homie was a side project of Rivers Cuomo, lead singer of the band Weezer. Homie, as it stands now, was a one-time effort. Homie has released just one song, "American Girls", for the soundtrack of the 1998 film "Meet the Deedles". For this recording, Cuomo was joined by Greg Brown (member of Cake and Deathray), Matt Sharp (formerly of Weezer, lead singer of The Rentals), Adam Orth of Shufflepuck and Yuval Gabay of Soul Coughing and Sulfur. Context_2 : Matt Sharp is a self-titled debut from former Weezer bassist and The Rentals frontman Matt Sharp. The album is notable for featuring no electric guitar, synths, or percussion. Instead lap steel, acoustic guitar, piano, and organ are the only accompaniment to Sharp's vocals. The album was recorded in Tennessee. Context_3 : Return of the Rentals is the debut album by alternative rock band The Rentals, released on October 24, 1995, through Maverick Records, a subsidiary of Reprise Records. The album features Matt Sharp—Weezer's bassist at the time—on vocals and bass, as well as Weezer drummer Patrick Wilson. Other contributors include Tom Grimley (Moog, production), Petra Haden (violin, vocals), Rachel Haden (vocals), Guy Oseary (album artwork), and Stephen Marcussen (mastering). Context_4 : The Rentals are an American rock band fronted by vocalist Matt Sharp, best known as the former bassist for Weezer. Sharp has been the only consistent member since the group's inception. The band is best known for their 1995 single "Friends of P." The Rentals released two albums, "Return of the Rentals" (1995) and "Seven More Minutes" (1999) on Maverick Records before quietly splitting in 1999 following a world tour. The group reformed in 2005 and have since released several EPs and a third full-length album, "Lost in Alphaville", which was released August 26, 2014, on Polyvinyl Records. Due to the revolving nature of studio and live collaborators, determining who is actually an official member of the group at any one point is difficult. Context_5 : Michael Edward "Mikey" Welsh (April 20, 1971 – October 8, 2011) was an American artist and musician, best known as the former bassist of Weezer. He played with Weezer frontman Rivers Cuomo during Cuomo's time in Boston during the hiatus in the band Homie. Following original bassist Matt Sharp's decision to leave Weezer to focus on his group, The Rentals, Welsh was chosen to take over on bass. Welsh played with Weezer from the time that they unofficially regrouped in 1998 until August 2001, when he suffered a mental breakdown. Shortly afterwards, he retired from music to focus on his art career. Welsh died on October 8, 2011. Context_6 : Weezer, also known as the Green Album, is the third studio album by American rock band Weezer, released on May 15, 2001, through Geffen Records. Produced by Ric Ocasek, this is the only Weezer album to feature bassist Mikey Welsh, who replaced Matt Sharp. The album is grounded in the power pop genre, featuring strong melodies, crisp vocal harmonies, and prominent guitar riffs. It is also Weezer's quickest-selling album. Context_7 : Songs from the Black Hole is an unfinished, unreleased album by the American alternative rock band Weezer recorded between 1994 and 1996. Intended to follow their 1994 self-titled debut album, it was to be a science fiction rock opera that expressed songwriter Rivers Cuomo's mixed feelings about rock and roll success. Its six characters were to be voiced by Cuomo, guitarist Brian Bell and bassist Matt Sharp of Weezer, Rachel Haden of That Dog and the Rentals, Joan Wasser of the Dambuilders, and Weezer collaborator Karl Koch. Context_8 : Pinkerton is the second studio album by American rock band Weezer, released on September 24, 1996 on DGC Records. After abandoning plans for a rock opera titled "Songs from the Black Hole", Weezer recorded "Pinkerton" between songwriter Rivers Cuomo's terms at Harvard University, where he wrote much of the album. It was the last Weezer album to feature bassist Matt Sharp. Context_9 : Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1992, consisting of Rivers Cuomo (lead vocals, guitar), Patrick Wilson (drums), Brian Bell (guitar, backing vocals, keyboards), and Scott Shriner (bass guitar, backing vocals). Weezer has sold 9.2 million albums in the US and over 17 million worldwide. Context_10 : Matthew Kelly "Matt" Sharp (born September 22, 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer, and is best known as a founding member and former bassist of the alternative rock band Weezer. In 1994, Sharp started a band named The Rentals, who released their debut album shortly after Weezer's first release, followed by their 2nd album in 1999, and an EP in 2007. In addition, Sharp has released one full-length album and one EP as a solo artist. fact_1 : Matthew Kelly "Matt" Sharp (born September 22, 1969) is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and producer, and is best known as a founding member and former bassist of the alternative rock band Weezer. fact_2 : Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1992, consisting of Rivers Cuomo (lead vocals, guitar), Patrick Wilson (drums), Brian Bell (guitar, backing vocals, keyboards), and Scott Shriner (bass guitar, backing vocals). Question: What year did Matt Sharp become a founding member of the band Weezer?
| Solution: 1992 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example is below.
Q: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
A: 1874May
Rationale: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : Nick Davis is a visual effects supervisor who has worked in visual effects since the early 1990s. He was nominated at the 81st Academy Awards for "The Dark Knight". He was nominated in the category of Best Visual Effects, he shared his nomination with Chris Corbould, Paul Franklin and Tim Webber. Context_2 : Paul J. Franklin is an English visual effects supervisor who has worked with visual effects since the 1990s. He is known for his long-running working relationship with director Christopher Nolan which dates back to "Batman Begins" (2005). Franklin won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects for "Inception" (2010), and won a second Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for "Interstellar" (2014). He shared the wins with Andrew Lockley, Peter Bebb, and Chris Corbould. Franklin has also been nominated for an Academy Award for "The Dark Knight" (2008). He was nominated for BAFTA Awards for "Batman Begins", "The Dark Knight" (2008), and "The Dark Knight Rises" (2012). Context_3 : The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Featuring the DC Comics character Batman, the film is the second part of Nolan's "The Dark Knight Trilogy" and a sequel to 2005's "Batman Begins", starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Heath Ledger, Gary Oldman, Aaron Eckhart, Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman. In the film, Bruce Wayne/Batman (Bale), Police Lieutenant James Gordon (Oldman) and District Attorney Harvey Dent (Eckhart) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City, but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker (Ledger) who seeks to undermine Batman's influence and create chaos. Context_4 : Vincent Cirelli is a special effects supervisor. Known for his works at Luma Pictures as a visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as "" (2007), "No Country for Old Men" (2007), "The Midnight Meat Train" (2008), "" (2008), "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince" (2009), "The Book of Eli" (2010), "" (2011), "" (2012), "Prometheus" (2012), "The Avengers" (2012), "Saving Mr. Banks" (2013), "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014), "" (2015), "In the Heart of the Sea" (2015), "Deadpool" (2015) and "Doctor Strange" (2016), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards. Context_5 : Tim Webber is an English visual effects supervisor. He is known for his work on "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" (2005), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "Avatar" (2009), and "Gravity" (2013), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 86th Academy Awards. Context_6 : Richard Bluff is an English special effects supervisor. Known for his works in Disney's visual effects company Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) as a digital matte artist and visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as "" (2005), "The Island" (2005), "Transformers" (2007-11), "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008), "Star Trek" (2009), "Avatar" (2009), "The Avengers" (2012), "Cloud Atlas" (2012) "Pacific Rim" (2013), "The Big Short" (2015) and "Doctor Strange" (2016), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at the 89th Academy Awards. He previously worked at Blur Studio as digital artist. Context_7 : "The Dark Knight" is a 2008 superhero film directed, produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. It was released in Australia on July 16, 2008. "The Dark Knight" grossed $1,004,558,444 worldwide, becoming the fourth film in history to gross more than $1 billion worldwide and the highest-grossing film of 2008. It is currently the 16th highest-grossing film of all time. "The Dark Knight" also received a high critical acclaim, accumulating an approval rating of 94% on the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes. Context_8 : John Knoll (born October 6, 1962) is an American visual effects supervisor and chief creative officer (CCO) at Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). One of the original creators of Adobe Photoshop (along with his brother, Thomas Knoll), he has also worked as visual effects supervisor on the "Star Wars" prequels and the 1997 special editions of the original trilogy. He also served as ILM's visual effects supervisor for "Star Trek Generations" and "", as well as the "" series. Along with Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson and Allen Hall, Knoll and the trios work on "" earned them the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects. Context_9 : In the context of film and television production, a visual effects supervisor is responsible for achieving the creative aims of the director and/or producers through the use of visual effects. While it is a creative role, most supervisors possess a strong technical background and are capable of making informed decisions about the most efficient and effective technique to employ to solve the problem at hand. Often a supervisor will work in tandem with a visual effects producer and computer graphics supervisor. Context_10 : Christopher Townsend is a visual effects supervisor. He has worked in the visual effects industry for over 20 years. For over a decade, he was an artist and supervisor at Industrial Light and Magic, and in 2007 became a freelance visual effects supervisor. He worked on "Journey to the Center of the Earth", the first ever stereoscopic motion picture shot and released digitally, "Wolverine", "Ninja Assassin", "" and "". He was nominated for a BAFTA and an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for his work on "Iron Man 3", oversaw nearly 3000 shots on "" and was the overall supervisor for "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2". In 2015 he was given an Honorary Doctor of Arts degree by his alma mater, Coventry University. fact_1 : He is known for his work on "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" (2005), "The Dark Knight" (2008), "Avatar" (2009), and "Gravity" (2013), for which he received an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 86th Academy Awards. fact_2 : The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Question: Tim Webber is an English visual effects supervisor, he is known for his work on The Dark Knight, a 2008 superhero film directed, co-produced, and co-written by who?
A: | Christopher Nolan | 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : Kate Plus Ten is a 1938 British thriller film directed by Reginald Denham and starring Jack Hulbert, Genevieve Tobin and Noel Madison. It was adapted from the Edgar Wallace novel "Kate Plus Ten". It was also released as Queen of Crime. Context_2 : Katie Irene "Kate" Gosselin (née Kreider born March 28, 1975) is an American television personality. She achieved national and international recognition on the US reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8," in which she and Jon Gosselin are profiled as they raise their atypical family of sextuplets and twins. Context_3 : Facing Future is an album by Hawaiian singer Israel Kamakawiwoʻole, released in 1993. The best-selling album of all time by a Hawaiian artist, "Facing Future" combines traditional Hawaiian-language songs, hapa haole songs with traditional instrumentation and two Jawaiian (Island reggae) tracks. The album's sales have been driven not only by its popularity with Hawaiian audiences but by its popularity in the mainland United States and around the world, particularly the track "Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World," which has been licensed for use in movies ("Finding Forrester", "Meet Joe Black", "50 First Dates", "Fred Claus", "Hubble", "Son of the Mask") television shows ("ER", "Cold Case", "Jon & Kate Plus 8", "Life On Mars", "Glee") and commercials (eToys). "Facing Future" reached platinum status in 2005. Context_4 : Jonathan Keith Gosselin (born April 1, 1977) is an American television personality, known for his appearances with then-wife Kate Gosselin and their eight children on the American reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Context_5 : This is a list of DVDs from the reality television series "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Context_6 : Nancy Jo Sales (born October 15, 1964) is a journalist and author who has written for "Vanity Fair", "New York", and "Harper's Bazaar". Her VF.com profile of reality star Kate Gosselin won a 2010 Mirror Award for "Best Profile, Digital Media". Her "Vanity Fair" story "The Quaid Conspiracy" won a 2011 Front Page Award for "Best Magazine Feature". Her 2013 book "The Bling Ring: How A Gang of Fame-Obsessed Teens Ripped Off Hollywood and Shocked the World" recounts the true story behind the Sofia Coppola film "The Bling Ring", which was based on a 2010 "Vanity Fair" piece by Sales, "The Suspects Wore Louboutins". In 2016 she published "American Girls: Social Media and the Secret Lives of Teenagers". Context_7 : "Kate Plus 8" (formerly "Jon & Kate Plus 8") is an American reality television series starring the The Gosselin family. The show premiered on the Discovery Health Channel on April 10, 2007. After two seasons, the series moved to TLC. Following the Gosselins' divorce in 2009, the final episode of "Jon & Kate Plus 8" aired on November 23, 2009. The show subsequently returned as "Kate Plus 8". Context_8 : Kate Plus Ten is a 1917 British crime novel written by Edgar Wallace. In 1938 it was made into a film "Kate Plus Ten". In 1967 it was adapted for the film "The Trygon Factor" starring Stewart Granger. Context_9 : Kate Plus 8, formerly Jon & Kate Plus 8, is an American reality television series starring Kate Gosselin and her eight children, which has aired since April 4, 2007. Context_10 : Living Channel is a New Zealand television station. The channel focuses entirely on programming relating to lifestyle and is similar to The LifeStyle Channel in Australia or HGTV in the US. It broadcasts on Sky TV in New Zealand and features local programming as well as a range of international programming. It features programming in areas such as design, health, well-being, travel, pets, fashion, automotive, antiques, gardening, fitness, art and homemaking. Programmes include "Antiques Roadshow UK"," Jon and Kate Plus 8", "Greatest Cities of the World with Griff Rhys Jones", "Grand Designs", "Homes Under the Hammer", "Better Homes and Gardens", "Holmes Inspection", "Extreme Fishing with Robson Green", "Location Location Location", "What Not To Wear" and "The Secret Millionaire". fact_1 : She achieved national and international recognition on the US reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8," in which she and Jon Gosselin are profiled as they raise their atypical family of sextuplets and twins. fact_2 : Jonathan Keith Gosselin (born April 1, 1977) is an American television personality, known for his appearances with then-wife Kate Gosselin and their eight children on the American reality TV show "Jon & Kate Plus 8". Question: Who is the ex-husband of Kate Gosselin, star of the reality show "Jon and Kate plus 8"?
[A]: Jon Gosselin
[Q]: Context_1 : The Park Avenue Tunnel, also called the Murray Hill Tunnel, is a 1600 ft tunnel that passes under seven blocks of Park Avenue in Murray Hill, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Traffic currently goes northbound from 33rd Street toward the Park Avenue Viaduct. The tunnel is under the jurisdiction of the New York City Department of Transportation, and carries one lane of northbound car traffic from East 33rd Street to East 40th Street; from 40th Street north, traffic must follow the Park Avenue Viaduct around Grand Central Terminal to 46th Street. The vertical clearance is 8 ft . Context_2 : Harold Washington Park is a small (10 acre) park in the Chicago Park District located in the Hyde Park community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was recently named for lawyer, state legislator, U.S. congressman, Hyde Park resident, and the first Chicago Mayor of African-American descent Harold Washington (1922–1987). The Park District officially calls the park Harold Washington Playlot Park with a designated address of 5200 S. Hyde Park Blvd Chicago, IL 60615. It is one of 4 Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (Washington Park, Washington Square Park, Dinah Washington Park). It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans. The Park is bounded by East 53rd Street on the south, South Hyde Park Boulevard on the west, and Lake Shore Drive to the east. Architecturally, it is flanked to the north by Regents Park (see emporis.com page) and The Hampton House to the south. In addition its southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places Properties (Hotel Del Prado and East Park Towers). Context_3 : Seventh Avenue is a station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line and the IND Queens Boulevard Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Seventh Avenue and 53rd Street in Manhattan, it is served by the D and E trains at all times, and the B train weekdays. The station is announced as Seventh Avenue–53rd Street, in the style of other stations that orient east-west along 53rd Street (such as Fifth Avenue/53rd Street and Lexington Avenue–53rd Street), as well as to prevent confusion with Seventh Avenue along Flatbush Avenue in Brooklyn, which is also served by the B. Context_4 : Lever House is a seminal glass-box skyscraper at 390 Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Built in the International Style according to the design principles of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, the building was designed by Gordon Bunshaft and Natalie de Blois (design coordinator) of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Completed in 1952, it was the second curtain wall skyscraper in New York City after the United Nations Secretariat Building. The 307 ft building features an innovative courtyard and public space. Context_5 : The Lipstick Building (also known as 53rd at Third) is a 453-foot (138 meter) tall skyscraper located at 885 Third Avenue, between East 53rd Street and 54th Street, across from the Citigroup Center in Manhattan, New York City, United States. It was completed in 1986 and has 34 floors. The building was designed by John Burgee Architects with Philip Johnson. The building receives its name from its shape and color, which resemble a tube of lipstick. Context_6 : The 53rd Street Library is a branch of the New York Public Library at 18 West 53rd Street just across the street from the Museum of Modern Art. It opened in 2016 as a replacement for the Donnell Library Center, which occupied a building at 20 West 53rd Street from 1955 until 2008 when it was closed and the building razed to allow a 46-story hotel/condo complex to be constructed. Context_7 : The Church of St. Ignatius of Loyola is a Roman Catholic parish church located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City, administered by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). The parish is under the authority of the Archdiocese of New York, and was established in 1851 as St. Lawrence O'Toole's Church. In 1898, permission to change the patron saint of the parish from St. Lawrence O’Toole to St. Ignatius of Loyola was granted by Rome. The address is 980 Park Avenue, New York City, New York 10028. The church on the southwest corner of Park Avenue and 84th Street is part of a Jesuit complex on the block that includes Wallace Hall, the parish hall, beneath the church, the rectory at the midblock location on Park Avenue, the grade school of St. Ignatius's School on the north midblock location of 84th Street behind the church and the high school of Loyola School (also 980 Park Avenue) at the northwest corner of Park Avenue and 83rd Street. In addition, another Jesuit high school, Regis High School (55 E 84th Street), occupies the midblock location on the north side of 84th Street. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 24, 1980. Context_8 : 100 East 53rd Street (formerly known as 610 Lexington Avenue) is a residential skyscraper under construction in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building’s architect is Norman Foster. Upon completion, it will rise 64 stories or 711 ft . It was supposed to feature a Shangri-La Hotel and condos but as a result of the financial crisis that began in 2007 and the downturn in the residential real estate market, the building's construction was put on indefinite hold in 2009 and the hotel idea was later abandoned. In March 2012, Aby Rosen and Michael Fuchs of RFR Holding LLC regained control of the site, and announced their intentions to carry on with the project. Excavation work began in early 2014. The building topped out on January 13, 2016. It should be complete by spring 2017, according to a 2015 update. The building will feature 94 condominium units including, one-bedrooms, two-bedrooms, three-bedrooms, and two four bedroom duplexes. Context_9 : 270 Park Avenue (also known as the JPMorgan Chase Tower and formerly the Union Carbide Building) is a high-rise office building located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was designed by Natalie de Blois for Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. Context_10 : Paley Park is a pocket park located at 3 East 53rd Street between Madison and Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan on the former site of the Stork Club. Designed by the landscape architectural firm of Zion Breen Richardson Associates, it opened May 23, 1967. Paley Park is often cited as one of the finest urban spaces in the United States. fact_1 : 270 Park Avenue (also known as the JPMorgan Chase Tower and formerly the Union Carbide Building) is a high-rise office building located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. fact_2 : It was designed by Natalie de Blois for Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. fact_3 : 100 East 53rd Street (formerly known as 610 Lexington Avenue) is a residential skyscraper under construction in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. fact_4 : The building’s architect is Norman Foster. Question: Were the buildings at 270 Park Avenue and 100 East 53rd Street both designed by Natalie de Blois?
[A]: no
[Q]: Context_1 : Saint Asonia is the self-titled debut studio album by rock supergroup Saint Asonia. First announced via YouTube through a teaser in early May 2015, the first single "Better Place" was released on May 16, 2015. This also confirmed the group's lineup, with Adam Gontier as the frontman, Mike Mushok being the guitarist, Corey Lowery as the bassist and Rich Beddoe as the drummer. The album was released on July 31, 2015 through RCA Records. Gontier's uncle Tom Duffy provided the bass tracks for some of the songs from the album, while Lowery was hired afterward. This is also the only studio album from the band to feature drummer Rich Bedoe before he confirmed his departure in 2017 Context_2 : "Take the Skinheads Bowling" is the signature song of Santa Cruz, California alternative rock band Camper Van Beethoven, written by David Lowery and released on their 1985 album "Telephone Free Landslide Victory". The song (as covered by the band Teenage Fanclub) was notably featured in the Michael Moore documentary "Bowling for Columbine", and received substantial airplay on KROQ, and BBC Radio 2, as well as The Dr. Demento Show. The song was also recorded by Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers as a B-side to their 1996 single "Australia" and subsequently included on their B-side compilation album "Lipstick Traces (A Secret History of Manic Street Preachers)". Context_3 : Manic Street Preachers are a Welsh alternative rock band, formed in 1986 in Blackwood, Caerphilly and consisting of James Dean Bradfield (lead vocals, lead guitar), Nicky Wire (bass guitar, lyrics) and Sean Moore (drums, percussion). They are often colloquially known as the Manics. Following the release of their first single, "Suicide Alley", the band was joined by Richey Edwards as co-lyricist and rhythm guitarist. The band's early albums were in a punk vein, eventually broadening to a greater alternative rock sound, whilst retaining a leftist politicisation. Their early combination of androgynous glam imagery and lyrics about "culture, alienation, boredom and despair" has gained them a loyal following and cult status. Context_4 : Jagz Kooner is an English producer who has worked with Radio 4, Manic Street Preachers, Primal Scream for whom he co-produced their cover version of the song 'Some Velvet Morning' sung this time by the model Kate Moss, Garbage and Infadels. He has created remixes for Massive Attack "Butterfly Caught" with additional vocals from the well known UK dance music vocalist Tara McDonald. His remix "My Beautiful Friend" for UK Indie band The Charlatans was so groundbreaking that it inspired Eddy Temple-Morris, a DJ at the XFM radio station to form a show dedicated to remixes. Kooner also worked with Rammstein, Siobhan Fahey, Ladytron, Adam Freeland, dEUS, Kasabian and more recently Reverend and the Makers. His remix of 'Swastika Eyes', for Primal Scream appears as one of two remixes of the track on the "Xtrmntr" album. He has also remixed two songs from the Oasis album, "Dig Out Your Soul". On the bonus CD available only as part of the Deluxe Edition, Jagz Kooner has remixed first single 'The Shock Of The Lightning', as well as, the album track 'The Turning'. He has also been keenly involved in the UK mash-up scene. Context_5 : Saint Asonia (stylized as SΔINT ΔSONIΔ) is a Canadian-American rock supergroup originally consisting of former Three Days Grace frontman Adam Gontier (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mike Mushok from Staind (lead guitar), Corey Lowery from Dark New Day, Eye Empire, Switched, Sevendust, Stereomud and Stuck Mojo (bass, backing vocals), and Rich Beddoe from Finger Eleven (drums). In 2017, Beddoe left the band and was replaced by Mushok's Staind bandmate Sal Giancarelli. Formed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2015 after Gontier's departure from Three Days Grace, they released their debut studio album "Saint Asonia" on July 31, 2015. Context_6 : Journal for Plague Lovers is the ninth studio album by Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers, released in May 2009 by record label Columbia. Recorded between October 2008 and February 2009 and produced by Steve Albini and Dave Eringa, it features exclusively posthumous lyrics by Richey Edwards, who disappeared on 1 February 1995 and was presumed deceased in 2008. It is the only Manic Street Preachers album in which the lyrics for every song were written solely by Edwards. Context_7 : Taylor Parkes (born 30 April 1972) is a British journalist. He is best known for his music journalism which appeared in "Melody Maker" from 1993 to 1998, influenced by the likes of Simon Reynolds and Paul Morley. Parkes was most closely associated with bands he described as "unafraid of their own intelligence", including Saint Etienne, Pulp, Spice Girls and the Manic Street Preachers. Context_8 : Leaving the 20th Century is a recording of the Manic Millennium concert by the Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers, released 2000. The concert, which also celebrated the 10th anniversary of the band, was performed on the New Year's Eve night 1999-2000 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, in front of more than 57,000 fans. The event became international as the final song of the event was broadcast live all over the world through satellites. Context_9 : National Treasures – The Complete Singles is a compilation album by the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers, released on 31 October 2011. It is the band's third compilation album, after "Forever Delayed: Manic Street Preachers, The Greatest Hits" (2002), and the B-sides/rarities collection "Lipstick Traces (A Secret History of Manic Street Preachers)" (2003). The compilation features one new recording, a cover of The The's "This is the Day", which was issued as a single on 18 September 2011. The compilation reached number 10 on the UK Album Chart in November 2011. Context_10 : Caff Records was a short lived British independent record label run by Bob Stanley of the band Saint Etienne. The label went by the name Caff, Caff Records and Caff Corporation. Established in 1989, it is most noted for single releases by Pulp and the Manic Street Preachers. The Caff logo is a line drawing of a duck. After closing the label, Stanley together with Pete Wiggs ran Icerink Records (1992–94), Royal Mint (1995) and EMIdisc (1996). They currently have a CD imprint called Eclipse via Universal. fact_1 : Saint Asonia (stylized as SΔINT ΔSONIΔ) is a Canadian-American rock supergroup originally consisting of former Three Days Grace frontman Adam Gontier (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mike Mushok from Staind (lead guitar), Corey Lowery from Dark New Day, Eye Empire, Switched, Sevendust, Stereomud and Stuck Mojo (bass, backing vocals), and Rich Beddoe from Finger Eleven (drums). fact_2 : Manic Street Preachers are a Welsh alternative rock band, formed in 1986 in Blackwood, Caerphilly and consisting of James Dean Bradfield (lead vocals, lead guitar), Nicky Wire (bass guitar, lyrics) and Sean Moore (drums, percussion). Question: Are Saint Asonia and Manic Street Preachers both involved with rock music?
[A]: | yes
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The territory of the present United States state of New Hampshire has a colonial history dating back to the 1620s. This history is significantly bound to that of the neighboring Massachusetts, whose colonial precursors either claimed the New Hampshire territory, or shared governors with it. First settled in the 1620s under a land grant to John Mason, the colony consisted of a small number of settlements near the seacoast before growing further inland in the 18th century. Mason died in 1635, and the colonists appropriated a number of his holdings. Thomas Roberts served as the last Colonial Governor of the Dover Colony before it became part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1641 the New Hampshire colonists agreed to be ruled by Massachusetts Bay Colony, which also claimed the territory. Massachusetts governed the New Hampshire settlements until 1680, when it became the royally chartered Province of New Hampshire. In 1686 the territory became part of the Dominion of New England, which was effectively disbanded in 1689 following the 1688 Glorious Revolution in England. After an interregnum under "de facto" rule from Massachusetts, Samuel Allen, who had acquired the Mason land claims, became governor. From 1699 to 1741 the governorships of New Hampshire and the Province of Massachusetts Bay were shared. Context_2 : Baron Wakehurst, of Ardingly in the County of Sussex, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1934 for the Conservative politician Gerald Loder, fifth son of Sir Robert Loder, 1st Baronet (see Loder Baronets for earlier history of the family). He had previously represented Brighton in the House of Commons and was the creator of Wakehurst Place Gardens in Ardingly, West Sussex. His only son, the second Baron, was also a Conservative politician and served as Governor of New South Wales and later as Governor of Northern Ireland. s of 2010 the title is held by the latter's eldest son, the third Baron, who succeeded in 1970. As a descendant of Sir Robert Loder, 1st Baronet, he is also in remainder to this title. Context_3 : Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland, 23rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland (c. 1741 – 2 September 1784) was a British colonial official and the last Royal Governor of Maryland. Although a popular governor and an able administrator, Eden's authority was overthrown by the events of the American Revolution, and in June 1776 he was invited by the Maryland Convention to leave for England. Eden was well-regarded at home and in the same year, 1776, he was made a baronet. He eventually returned to Maryland where he died in 1784 at the age of 43. He was buried in Annapolis and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son, Frederick, a noted author. Context_4 : The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Context_5 : The Cape of Good Hope, also known as the Cape Colony (Dutch: "Kaapkolonie" ), was a British colony in present-day South Africa and Namibia, named after the Cape of Good Hope. The British colony was preceded by an earlier Dutch colony of the same name, the "Kaap de Goede Hoop", established in 1652 by the Dutch East India Company. The Dutch lost the colony to Britain following the 1795 Battle of Muizenberg, but had it returned following the 1802 Peace of Amiens. It was re-occupied by the British following the Battle of Blaauwberg in 1806, and British possession affirmed with the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814. Context_6 : The Conspiracy of 1741, also known as the Negro Plot of 1741 or the Slave Insurrection of 1741, was a purported plot by slaves and poor whites in the British colony of New York in 1741 to revolt and level New York City with a series of fires. Historians disagree as to whether such a plot existed and, if there was one, its scale. During the court cases, the prosecution kept changing the grounds of accusation, ending with linking the insurrection to a Popish plot by Spaniards and other Catholics. Context_7 : The Colony of Tasmania (more commonly referred to simply as "Tasmania") was a British colony that existed on the island of Tasmania from 1856 until 1901, when it federated together with the five other Australian colonies to form the Commonwealth of Australia. The possibility of the colony was established when the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the "Australian Constitutions Act" in 1850, granting the right of legislative power to each of the six Australian colonies. The Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land drafted a new constitution which they passed in 1854, and it was given Royal Assent by Queen Victoria in 1855. Later in that year the Privy Council approved the colony changing its name from "Van Diemen's Land" to "Tasmania", and in 1856, the newly elected bicameral parliament of Tasmania sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a self-governing colony of the British Empire. Tasmania was often referred to as one of the "most British" colonies of the Empire. Context_8 : The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. Its first settlement and capital was St. Mary's City, in the southern end of St. Mary's County, which is a peninsula in the Chesapeake Bay and is also bordered by four tidal rivers. Context_9 : Robert John Eden, 3rd Baron Auckland (10 July 1799 – 25 April 1870), styled The Honourable Robert Eden from birth until 1849, was a British clergyman. He was Bishop of Sodor and Man from 1847 to 1854 and Bishop of Bath and Wells from 1854 to 1869. Context_10 : Sir Robert George Crookshank Hamilton KCB, (30 August 1836 – 22 April 1895) was the sixth Governor, and the Commander-in-Chief of the then British colony of Tasmania from 11 March 1887, until 30 November 1892, during which time he oversaw the ministries of two Tasmanian Premiers. Sir Philip Fysh (30 March 1887 to 17 August 1892) and Henry Dobson (17 August 1892 to 14 April 1894), both of whom, he curiously insisted on incorrectly referring to as Prime Minister. fact_1 : Sir Robert Eden, 1st Baronet, of Maryland, 23rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland (c. 1741 – 2 September 1784) was a British colonial official and the last Royal Governor of Maryland. fact_2 : The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. Question: In which year was this province of the British colony for which Sir Robert Eden served as governor in 1741 established?
| Solution: 1632 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Q: Context_1 : Leon Gast is an American documentary film director, producer, cinematographer, and editor. His documentary, "When We Were Kings" depicts the iconic heavyweight boxing match: The Rumble in the Jungle between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. This film would go on to win the 1996 Academy Award for Documentary Feature and the Independent Spirit Award. Gast co-directed the 1977 documentary, "The Grateful Dead Movie" with guitarist Jerry Garcia. The film captured the band's October 1974, five-night performance at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco. Gast also co-directed the 1983 film "Hell's Angels Forever," which focused on the notorious motorcycle club Hells Angels. The Angels are believed to have learned that Gast put material in the documentary in which they didn't prefer. To this end, Gast claims that the Angels tracked him down and beat him up. Gast has also produced works on B.B. King and Celia Cruz. Context_2 : Smash His Camera is a 2010 documentary film directed by filmmaker Leon Gast about the life and career of paparazzi photographer Ron Galella. The film won the "Directing Award Documentary" at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival and was released on 30 July 2010 through Magnolia Pictures, and was shown on HBO. Context_3 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. The fight was held in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974. Context_4 : Our Latin Thing (Spanish: Nuestra Cosa ) was a 1972 documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the burgeoning Latin music scene in New York City. It focused on a concert put together by the management of Fania Records at Manhattan's Cheetah nightclub featuring a group of Fania artists called the Fania All-Stars. The film was distributed by A&R Film Distributors headed by Alex Masucci, Fania Records founder Jerry Masucci's younger brother and subsequent Fania Records Vice President, and Ray Aviles. Context_5 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought an eight-round boxing match with Texan Donnie Fleeman in Miami on February 21, 1961. Prior to this fight, Fleeman had a record of 51 fights with 45 wins including 20 knockouts. Clay won the bout through a technical knockout after the referee stopped the fight in the seventh round. This was the first time Clay had gone over six rounds in a boxing match. It was also the first time Fleeman had ever been knocked down in a boxing match. Fleeman retired from boxing after this fight. Context_6 : Muhammad Ali and Zora Folley fought each other in a boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on March 22, 1967.Ali won the bout by knocking out Folley in the seventh round.This would be Ali's last boxing match before his suspension from boxing. Context_7 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought Sonny Banks in a ten-round boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on February 10, 1962. Clay won the fight through a technical knockout when the referee stopped the fight in the fourth round. The event is remembered for being the first professional boxing match in which Ali was officially knocked down in the ring by his boxing opponent. Context_8 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Held at the 20th of May Stadium (now the Stade Tata Raphaël), it pitted the undefeated world heavyweight champion George Foreman against challenger Muhammad Ali, a former heavyweight champion; the attendance was 60,000. Ali won by knockout, putting Foreman down just before the end of the eighth round. It has been called "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century". The event was one of Don King's first ventures as a professional boxing promoter. Context_9 : Manny is a 2014 documentary directed by Leon Gast and Ryan Moore. It covers the life of professional boxer Manny Pacquiao, from his impoverished life as a young boy to his boxing glory to Philippine politics. The film is narrated by Liam Neeson. Additionally, interviews of friends, family members, and people associated with professional boxing, combined with archival footage of Pacquiao, were used throughout the movie. Notable appearances in the film include Oscar De La Hoya, Jimmy Kimmel, Jeremy Piven, and Mark Wahlberg. Context_10 : Eric M. Gast (born 23 April 1968) is an American music industry professional - record producer, mixer, engineer, and recording studio designer - and founder and CEO of a nonprofit public health care charity. Gast was born in New Jersey and raised in New York City. He is cousin to documentary filmmaker Leon Gast. as well as another cousin Eric W. Gast former athlete and model fact_1 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. fact_2 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Question: In which city was the boxing match documented in "When We Were Kings", by Leon Gast, held?
A: Kinshasa, Zaire
****
Q: Context_1 : WMLM (1520 AM) is an AM radio station located in St. Louis, Michigan, broadcasting Citadel Media's satellite-delivered Real Country format, a hybrid of classic and current country hits. WMLM mainly broadcasts to the north along the US-127 corridor, and is one of four radio stations to broadcast from Gratiot County. Context_2 : According to al-Shabab, Burundian troops began indiscriminately shelling the rebel controlled district of Dayniile, located north of Mogadishu, with mortars and rockets whereby dozens of civilians lost their lives. Shortly after the shelling stopped, the Burundian army began to move in towards the district of Dayniile. Al-Shabab became aware of the army's movements when they were informed by reconnaissance teams, which gave them enough time to prepare for a possible ground assault. When Burundian troops moved in along their tanks and armored personnel carriers, they fell into an ambush by al-Shabab militants where fighting lasted for six full hours, until the military offensive was repulsed. Residents claimed the bodies of 70 soldiers were taken from the battle and brought into al-Shabab-controlled El-Maan area into the town of Alamada, 18 kilometers (11 miles) outside the capital, where the bodies were on public display to journalists and civilians. One witness recalled counted the bodies of 63 Burundian soldiers, all of whom were dead with bullet shots to the head or shoulders, and brought by trucks from Dayniile. No Somalian soldiers were reported killed during the battle, with all the dead coming from Burundian forces. In all, during the initial battle al-Shabab claimed they have killed 150 Burundian soldiers but only have the bodies of 76 in their custody, the largest casualty loss for African forces in Somalia. According to the AU the claim was dismissed of the displayed row of dead soldiers bodies claiming to be AU troops, saying al-Shabab was trying to spread propaganda and in reality only 10 Burundian soldiers were killed and two went missing in the battle. Context_3 : Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in eastern Nigeria that was made up of the states in the old Eastern Region. Its first attempt to leave Nigeria resulted in the Nigeria/Biafra war from 30 May 1967 to January 1970. It took its name from the Bight of Biafra, the Atlantic bay to its south, on the east end of the Gulf of Guinea. The inhabitants are mostly the Igbo people who led the secession due to economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria. Other ethnic groups that constitute the republic are the Efik, Ibibio, Annang, Ejagham, Eket, Ibeno and the Ijaw among others. Context_4 : WZOM (105.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format. Licensed to Defiance, Ohio, United States, the station is currently owned by iHeartMedia. In February 2002, the station changed from an Oldies format to the current country music format. Context_5 : Lindsay Elizabeth Ell (born 20 March 1989) is a Canadian country music singer, songwriter, and guitarist from Calgary, Alberta. Her music incorporates elements of rock, blues and pop within the country genre. She is signed to the US record label Stoney Creek Records, an imprint of Broken Bow Records. Her debut extended play, "Worth the Wait", was released in March 2017. Her first full length country album, "The Project", was released in August 2017 and debuted at No. 1 on the Neilsen Soundscan US Current Country Albums chart. Context_6 : .tl is the current country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for East Timor (Timor-Leste). It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators (CoCCA) and second-level registration is available through resellers worldwide with no local presence requirement. Context_7 : The History of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama. Context_8 : CFCW is a Canadian radio station in Camrose, Alberta broadcasting at 840 AM. The station is owned and operated by Newcap Radio. CFCW also has studios in the NewCap Broadcast Centre in West Edmonton Mall. CFCW airs a "traditional country music" format with a mix of classic and current country hits. Context_9 : The "cursed soldiers" (also known as "doomed soldiers", "accursed soldiers" or "damned soldiers"; Polish: "Żołnierze wyklęci" ) is a term applied to a variety of anti-communist Polish resistance movements formed in the later stages of World War II and its aftermath by some members of the Polish Underground State. These clandestine organisations continued their armed struggle against the Stalinist government of Poland well into the 1950s. The guerrilla warfare included an array of military attacks launched against the communist regime's prisons and state security offices, detention facilities for political prisoners and concentration camps that were set up across the country. Most of the Polish anti-communist groups ceased to exist in the late 1940s or 1950s, hunted down by agents of the Ministry of Public Security and Soviet NKVD assassination squads. However, the last known 'cursed soldier', Józef Franczak, was killed in an ambush as late as 1963, almost 20 years after the Soviet take-over of Poland. Context_10 : Priya Ramrakha (1935 – 2 October 1968) was a Kenyan photojournalist of Indian background and one of the first Africans to be given a contract by "Life" and "Time" magazines. After his education at the Art Center College of Los Angeles (arranged by Eliot Elisofon), Ramrakha began work at "Life". In 1963, Ramrakha returned to Africa to cover the independence movement in his native Kenya as one of East Africa's first indigenous photojournalists. Ramrakha went on to cover political and military movements across Africa. In 1968, while covering the Nigerian Civil War with CBS correspondent Morley Safer, he was killed in an ambush near Owerri by Biafran soldiers. fact_1 : In 1968, while covering the Nigerian Civil War with CBS correspondent Morley Safer, he was killed in an ambush near Owerri by Biafran soldiers. fact_2 : Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in eastern Nigeria that was made up of the states in the old Eastern Region. Question: In what current country was the state of the soldiers who killed Priya Ramrakha located?
A: Nigeria
****
Q: Context_1 : The Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in some areas of the United States by "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar", a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup. Context_2 : Anuja Chauhan (Hindi: अनुजा चौहान ; born 1970) is an Indian author and advertiser, often described as 'the best writer of the Indian commercial fiction genre.' She worked in the advertising agency, JWT India, for over 17 years, eventually becoming vice-president and executive creative director, before resigning in 2010 to pursue a full-time literary career. Over the years she worked with brands like Pepsi, Kurkure, Mountain Dew and Nokia, creating Pepsi's "Nothing official about it" campaign and advertising slogans such as Pepsi's "Yeh Dil Maange More" and "Oye Bubbly". Context_3 : In addition to Pepsi's Mountain Dew, Coca-Cola's Mello Yello or Dr Pepper's Sun Drop, there are a variety of smaller or regional brands for citrus soda. In deference to Mountain Dew's leading position in the market segment, some brands also use the word "Mountain" in their names. Context_4 : Pepsi is a carbonated soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Originally created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961. Context_5 : Diet Mountain Dew is a no-calorie Mountain Dew that was first introduced in 1986. It was formerly known as "Sugar-Free Mountain Dew" until 1986, when it was given its current name. In 2006 Diet Mountain Dew was reformulated with a new "Tuned Up Taste", using a blend of sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium as sweeteners. The previous formulation was sweetened exclusively with aspartame. In limited areas in the United States, Diet Mountain Dew has treated water instead of carbonated water as a fountain drink. Context_6 : "Diet Mountain Dew" (sometimes stylized as Diet Mtn Dew) is a song by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey, taken from her second studio album "Born to Die" (2012). It was released as the album's first promotional single on June 13, 2011 by Universal Music Group. Context_7 : The Mountain Dew Vertical Challenge (abbreviated MDVC) began in 1991 and is a series of free casual ski and snowboard races held on mountains throughout the northeast during each winter season, sponsored by Mountain Dew. Skiers and snowboarders are divided by gender and age group to compete for gold, silver, and bronze medals in each category. In addition to the race, prizes are given away throughout the day at a mountain for various reasons. Context_8 : "Good Old Mountain Dew" (ROUD 18669), sometimes called simply "Mountain Dew" or "Real Old Mountain Dew", is an Appalachian folk song composed by Bascom Lamar Lunsford and Scotty Wiseman. There are two versions of the lyrics, a 1928 version written by Lunsford and a 1935 adaptation by Wiseman. Both versions of the song are about moonshine. The 1935 version has been widely covered and has entered into the folk tradition becoming a standard. Context_9 : Mountain Dew (sometimes stylized as Mtn Dew) is a carbonated soft drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo. The original formula was invented in 1940 by Tennessee beverage bottlers Barney and Ally Hartman. A revised formula was created by Bill Bridgforth in 1958. The rights to this formula were obtained by the Tip Corporation of Marion, Virginia. William H. "Bill" Jones of the Tip corporation further refined the formula, launching that version of Mountain Dew in 1961. In August 1964, the Mountain Dew brand and production rights were acquired from Tip by the Pepsi-Cola company, at which point distribution expanded more widely across the United States and Canada. Context_10 : Surge (sometimes styled as SURGE) is a citrus flavored soft drink first produced in the 1990s by The Coca-Cola Company to compete with Pepsi's Mountain Dew. Surge was advertised as having a more "hardcore" edge, much like Mountain Dew's advertising at the time, in an attempt to lure customers away from Pepsi. It was originally launched in Norway as Urge, and was so popular that it was later released in America as Surge. Lagging sales caused production to be ended in 2006 for most markets, and by 2014 Norway was the last country where either Urge or Surge were still sold. fact_1 : It was formerly known as "Sugar-Free Mountain Dew" until 1986, when it was given its current name. fact_2 : Originally created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, and then as Pepsi in 1961. Question: Did Diet Mountain Dew and Pepsi have different names before they were called Diet Mountain Dew and Pepsi ?
A: | yes
****
| 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : Wildflower or The Wildflower (as styled on the sheet music), is a musical in three acts with book and lyrics by Otto Harbach and Oscar Hammerstein II and music by Herbert Stothart and Vincent Youmans. The plot concerns a pretty Italian farmgirl, Nina, who has a fiery temper. She stands to inherit a fortune provided that she can keep her temper under control for six months. If she fails, the money goes to her cousin Bianca, who tries to provoke her. She manages to do it, and gets the money, as well as her man, Guido. Several of the songs were published, among which "Bambalina" and the title song were the most popular. The musical proved to be Day's last Broadway show before moving to London. Context_2 : Kumi Nakada (中田 久美 "Nakada Kumi", born 3 September 1965) is a former professional volleyball player and coach of Hisamitsu Springs. She led Japan to a bronze medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics while still in high school and, despite serious and chronic knee injuries, remained one of the world's top setters until her retirement from the sport in 1993. Unusually for a Japanese athlete, Nakada was (and still is) remembered by opponents and teammates alike for her volatile temper, fiery competitiveness, and outspoken manner both on and off the court. After brief stints as a fashion model and motivational speaker, Nakada currently provides color commentary and makes guest appearances in a wide range of sports and variety media in Japan. She is represented by the sportsbiz in Tokyo. Context_3 : Naru Narusegawa (成瀬川 なる , Narusegawa Naru ) is a fictional character in the "Love Hina" series by Ken Akamatsu and one of the central characters in the franchise. Known for her fiery temper and tendency to use physical violence to punish central character Keitaro Urashima, she is the first female introduced in the series who is trying to pass the University of Tokyo entrance exams. Her studies along with her developing relationship with Keitaro is one of the focal points in the series. Her Japanese voice actress is Yui Horie and her English voice actor is Dorothy Elias-Fahn. Context_4 : The Death of Mario Ricci (French: La mort de Mario Ricci ) is a 1983 Swiss-French drama film directed by Claude Goretta. It was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival where Gian Maria Volontè won the award for Best Actor. Context_5 : Do As I Say is a 2008 documentary film based on the novel by Peter Schweizer titled "". The book, an eight-week "New York Times" bestseller, was adapted for the screen by writer and director Nick Tucker. As the book's title indicates, several outspoken left-wing politicians and other public figures are profiled, and evidence is presented for the alleged hypocrisy seen in the disparity between what the individuals do and what they advocate publicly. Context_6 : Mario Ricci (13 August 1914 – 22 February 2005) was an Italian cyclist. He rode in the 1949 Tour de France. Context_7 : Gian Maria Volontè (9 April 1933 – 6 December 1994) was an Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen. He is perhaps most famous outside of Italy for his roles in four Spaghetti Western films: Ramon Rojo and El Indio in Sergio Leone's "A Fistful of Dollars" (1965) and "For a Few Dollars More" (1965), El Chuncho Munoz in Damiano Damiani's "A Bullet for the General" (1966) and Professor Brad Fletcher in Sergio Sollima's "Face to Face" (1967). Context_8 : Amnesia is a 2015 Swiss-French drama film directed by Barbet Schroeder. It was selected to screen in the Special Screenings section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. Context_9 : Lounge Chair (French: "La méridienne" ) is a 1988 Swiss-French drama film directed by Jean-François Amiguet. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Swiss entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 61st Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. Context_10 : José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana (1949 – 21 December 1978) was a Basque paramilitarist and a key figure in the political evolution of the Basque separatist paramilitary Euskadi ta Askatasuna (ETA). Often known by his "nom de guerre" Argala ("Slim"), he took part in the so called Operation Ogre, which consisted in the assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco, Spain's Prime Minister, in 1973. Five years later, he was in turn assassinated by a car bomb in Anglet, French Basque Country by a group directed by far right members inside the Spanish Navy (including an official of the SECED secret service and another of the Naval military intelligence agency, "Servicio de Inteligencia Naval" and the other belonging to the "Alto Estado Mayor"). This group reportedly received assistance from people such as former OAS member Jean Pierre Cherid, former Triple A Argentine member José María Boccardo and Italian neofascist Mario Ricci, member of "Avanguardia Nazionale". fact_1 : It was entered into the 1983 Cannes Film Festival where Gian Maria Volontè won the award for Best Actor. fact_2 : Gian Maria Volontè (9 April 1933 – 6 December 1994) was an Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen. Question: Which Italian actor, remembered for his outspoken left-wing leanings and fiery temper on and off-screen appeared in the 1983 Swiss-French drama film "The Death of Mario Ricci?"
Answer: | Gian Maria Volontè | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : Girls! Girls! Girls! is a 1962 Golden Globe-nominated American musical comedy film starring Elvis Presley as a penniless Hawaiian fisherman who loves his life on the sea and dreams of owning his own boat. "Return to Sender", which reached #2 on the "Billboard" pop singles chart, is featured in the movie. The movie opened at #6 on the "Variety" box office chart and finished the year at #31 on the year-end list of the top-grossing movies of 1962. The movie earned $2.6 million at the box office. Context_2 : DC Super Hero Girls: Hero of the Year is a 2016 American animated direct-to-video Superhero family comedy-drama film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the first film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise. The film premiered at the San Diego Comic-Con International on 24 July 2016, was released on Digital HD on 9 August 2016 and was released on DVD on 23 August 2016. Context_3 : DC Super Hero Girls: Intergalactic Games is a 2017 American animated direct-to-video film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the second film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise. It was digitally released on 9 May 2017 and was followed by a DVD release on 23 May 2017. Context_4 : Earth Girls Are Easy is a 1988 American musical romantic-comedy science fiction film that was produced by Tony Garnett, Duncan Henderson, and Terrence E. McNally and was directed by Julien Temple. The film stars Geena Davis, Julie Brown, Jeff Goldblum, Damon Wayans, and Jim Carrey. The plot is based on the song "Earth Girls Are Easy" from Julie Brown's 1984 mini-album "Goddess in Progress". Context_5 : Calendar Girls is a 2003 British comedy film directed by Nigel Cole. Produced by Buena Vista International and Touchstone Pictures, it features a screenplay by Tim Firth and Juliette Towhidi based on a true story of a group of Yorkshire women who produced a nude calendar to raise money for Leukaemia Research under the auspices of the Women's Institutes in April 1999. Context_6 : Operation Bullshine is a 1959 British colour comedy film directed by Gilbert Gunn and starring Donald Sinden, Barbara Murray and Carole Lesley. The working title of the film was "Girls in Arms" that features in the film as a marching song. Gunn had filmed "Girls at Sea" the previous year. The new title, based on an American "euphemism" for a very British word with the same meaning, comes from the frenzied activity preparing for their brigadier's surprise inspection. The film features 1956 Olympic swimmer Judy Grinham as a physical training instructor. The film was released in the USA in 1963 by Seven Arts Productions. Context_7 : Gaille Heidemann is an American voice actress, singer and songwriter known as the voice of Myriam the Mystic in Diablo III, Tempestra in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, along with guest-starring roles in Legends of Dreanor and Legion for World of Warcraft, Kung Fu Panda - Legends of Awesomeness, James Bond, Jr, All Grown Up, Primetime Glick, The California Raisin Show, Return to Castle Wolfenstein among many others. As a teenager she became a studio session singer appearing on TV and movie soundtracks with the Jimmy Joyce Singers. She dubbed the singing voice for Patty Duke in Valley of the Dolls, and played the girl singer with co-stars Kim Milford and the rock band Moon in two ABC Wide World Mysteries produced by Don Kirshner. Her song Hollywood Movie Girls was recorded by Dusty Springfield and became the title and theme for the TV special Ann-Margret: Hollywood Movie Girls for which she also wrote special material. Gaille's rock n' roll impressions were featured on stage and film in Stars on 45 in Concert; Dream Street in Las Vegas, which won the Eppie Award for Best Show of the Year; and Forbidden Broadway in San Francisco. The Olsen Twins performed nine of her songs in their musical party series, You're Invited To Mary-Kate and Ashley's, including "Dancing Your Dreams", "Practice, Practice, Practice" and "Moonbounce Madness" all co-written with Adam Fields. She wrote, sang, produced and appears in "Obama Girl's Mama" the YouTube parody of the Obama Girl election videos directed by John Moffitt. Gaille has voiced over a hundred commercials for clients such as Coca Cola, Pizza Hut, and Goodyear Tires. She co-wrote and produced “Chuck & Di – the Tabloid Musical!” for an SRO run at the Long Beach Playhouse reviewed by Robert Koehler for the LA Times as "a swiftly paced crib of Gilbert and Sullivan, mixed with campy drag comedy out of Monty Python." Context_8 : Lego DC Super Hero Girls: Brain Drain is an upcoming 2017 American animated direct-to-video film based on the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, produced by Warner Bros. Animation. It is the third film in the "DC Super Hero Girls" franchise, as well as the first in the series to be based on the DC Super Hero Girls brand of Lego. It will be digitally released on July 25, 2017 to be followed by a DVD release on August 8, 2017. Context_9 : The Girls is a musical written by Tim Firth and Gary Barlow. The story is based on the film "Calendar Girls" and is based on a true story. It is produced by David Pugh and Daffyd Rogers. Context_10 : Watchout! is the fourth studio album and fifth album overall by Martha and the Vandellas, released on the Gordy (Motown) label in 1966. The album featured the hit singles, "I'm Ready for Love" and "Jimmy Mack" and the ballad single, "What Am I Gonna Do Without Your Love?" This was one of the last albums by the girls to feature songs from Holland, Dozier, Holland, who the following year would leave Motown, as was with William "Mickey" Stevenson, the man who helped put the group on the musical map. The title of the album "Watchout!" was derived from a song featured on the flip-side of their hit single "My Baby Loves Me" (released earlier in 1966) entitled "Never Leave Your Baby's Side" (never released on an album). That song featured a chorus from the Vandellas which warned to "Watchout!" for "other girls" who could steal your man. fact_1 : The Girls is a musical written by Tim Firth and Gary Barlow. fact_2 : The story is based on the film "Calendar Girls" and is based on a true story. fact_3 : Calendar Girls is a 2003 British comedy film directed by Nigel Cole. Question: What year was the film "The Girls" musical is based on released?
Student: | 2003 | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : The William Clark House, also known as the "North Ward Center", is located in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1879 at a cost of $200,000 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 10, 1977. The house is a 28-room Queen Anne style designed by William Halsey Wood. The house was built for William Clark of the Clark Thread Company. Context_2 : Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: "Île-du-Prince-Édouard" ) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, as well as several much smaller islands. Context_3 : Edward William Holly (1879–1973), born Edward William Ruthlavy, was a Major League Baseball shortstop. He played all or part of four seasons in the majors. He is also a member of the International League Hall of Fame. Context_4 : Edward William Seward (June 29, 1867 – July 30, 1947), born as "Edward William Sourhardt", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher for six seasons from 1885 to 1891. Seward made his professional baseball debut in 1884 at age 16 with Terre Haute of the Northwestern League. Because of his age, he was referred to as "Kid" Seward. Known for his curve ball, Seward later played for the Providence Grays, Philadelphia Athletics, and Cleveland Spiders. After his playing career ended, Seward umpired a total of 27 games in the National League in 1892 and 1893. Context_5 : Edward William Cole (born Edward William Kisleauskas, March 22, 1909 – July 28, 1999) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the St. Louis Browns in and . Context_6 : Edward William Clark (born March 24, 1932) is a farmer, beef producer and former political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 3rd Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1970 to 1996 as a Liberal. Context_7 : Edward William Clark (born November 30, 1946) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Context_8 : Landon Y. (Lanny) Jones is an American editor and author. He is a former managing editor of "People magazine" and the author of "William Clark and the Shaping of the West", a biography of William Clark, joint leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Context_9 : York (1770 – before 1832) was an African-American explorer best known for his participation with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Enslaved by William Clark's father and passed down through a will to William Clark, he performed hard manual labor without pay, but participated as a full member of the expedition. Like many other expedition members, his ultimate fate is unclear. There is evidence that after the expedition's return, Clark had difficulty compelling York to resume his former status, and York may have later escaped or been freed, but nothing is entirely clear on this. Context_10 : Edward William Madjeski (born "Edward William Majewski") was a Major League Baseball catcher. He played all or part of four seasons in the majors, between 1932 and 1937 , for the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox and New York Giants. He also spent several years in the minors as a manager, although only one of those was a complete season: 1946 with the Orlando Senators of the Florida State League. fact_1 : Edward William Clark (born March 24, 1932) is a farmer, beef producer and former political figure on Prince Edward Island. fact_2 : Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: "Île-du-Prince-Édouard" ) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, as well as several much smaller islands. Question: Edward William Clark is a farmer in a province of what what country?
Answer: | Canada | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
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Question: Context_1 : Dr Michael Schluter CBE (born 1947), is an economist, author, speaker and social entrepreneur and holds a PhD in agricultural economics. He has founded many different organisations and led the “Keep Sunday Special Campaign” which was one of several factors which led to the defeat of the Shops Bill 1986 in its second reading. He was appointed CBE by the Queen in the New Year Honours List 2009. Context_2 : Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield, (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, as well as a novelist. He played a central role in the creation of the modern Conservative Party, defining its policies and its broad outreach. Disraeli is remembered for his influential voice in world affairs, his political battles with the Liberal Party leader William Ewart Gladstone, and his one-nation conservatism or "Tory democracy". He made the Conservatives the party most identified with the glory and power of the British Empire. He is the only UK Prime Minister to have been of Jewish birth. Context_3 : Policy Network is an international self-styled "progressive" think tank based in London with strong associations to the former "New Labour" UK administration led by Tony Blair. The President of Policy Network is former UK First Secretary of State and EU Trade Commissioner Lord Mandelson; Lord Liddle, former Special Adviser to President of the European Commission José Manuel Barroso and UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, is Chairperson. Context_4 : The St David's Day Agreement is a document which set out the proposals of UK coalition government. It was published in the command paper "Powers for a purpose: Towards a lasting devolution settlement for Wales", also known as the "St David's Day Command Paper". The agreement was announced on 27 February 2015, by David Cameron, the UK Prime Minister and Nick Clegg, the UK Deputy Prime Minister at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, Wales. Context_5 : The Women's Conference (also known as the California Governor & First Lady's Conference on Women) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan US organization and annual forum for women. The event first began in 1986 as a California government initiative for working professionals and women business owners. Since 2004, The Women's Conference has become a large event at which people such as the Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso, former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, Oprah Winfrey, Barbara Walters, Jane Fonda, Martha Stewart, Tyra Banks, Sarah, Duchess of York, Tim Russert, Deepak Chopra, Tom Brokaw, Queen Rania of Jordan, Maureen Dowd, Sandra Day O'Connor, Thomas Friedman, Anna Quindlen, and Billie Jean King have spoken. Context_6 : Robert "Bob" Quick, QPM MBA (born c. 1959) is a former Assistant Commissioner (Specialist Operations) of London's Metropolitan Police Service.at New Scotland Yard. The role is a key national security post with responsibility for counter-terrorism within the United Kingdom, protection of the Queen and senior members of the British Royal Family, protection of the UK Prime Minister and Cabinet Ministers. He also oversaw the protection of visiting Heads of State to the UK and the diplomatic community in London. Context_7 : Nasaruddin Umar is the founder of the Indonesian interfaith organization Masyarakat Dialog antar Umat Beragama and was vice minister (2011-2014) in the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs (Departemen Agama). He is also a member of the UK-Indonesia Advisory Team, founded by UK prime minister Tony Blair. Context_8 : The Shops Bill 1986 was a parliamentary bill in the United Kingdom that would have ended government regulation of Sunday shopping in England and Wales. Introduced by the government of Margaret Thatcher, it was defeated in the House of Commons at its second reading: the last time that a government bill had fallen at that stage. Context_9 : Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (née Roberts ; 13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a British stateswoman who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century and the first woman to have been appointed. A Soviet journalist dubbed her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style. As Prime Minister, she implemented policies that have come to be known as Thatcherism. Context_10 : Gladys Mary Wilson, Lady Wilson of Rievaulx (née Baldwin; born 12 January 1916), is an English poet and the widow of former UK Prime Minister Harold Wilson; who served from 1964 to 1970 and again from 1974 to 1976. She is the only spouse of any Prime Minister to become a centenarian. fact_1 : Introduced by the government of Margaret Thatcher, it was defeated in the House of Commons at its second reading: the last time that a government bill had fallen at that stage. fact_2 : A Soviet journalist dubbed her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style. Question: What was the nickname of the UK Prime Minister that introduced the The Shops Bill 1986?
Answer: Iron Lady
Question: Context_1 : The San Marco Altarpiece (also known as "Madonna and Saints") is a painting by the Italian early Renaissance painter Fra Angelico, housed in the San Marco Museum of Florence, Italy. It was commissioned by Cosimo de' Medici the Elder, and was completed sometime between 1438 and 1443. In addition to the main panel depicting the enthroned Virgin and Child surrounded by Angels and Saints, there were 9 predella panels accompanying it, narrating the legend of the patron saints, Saints Cosmas and Damian. Only the main panel actually remains to be seen in the Convent of San Marco, Florence, Italy, today, along with two predella panels depicting saints which were purchased back for the museum as recently as 2007. The "San Marco Altarpiece" is known as one of the best early Renaissance paintings for its employment of metaphor and perspective, Trompe l'oeil, and the intertwining of Dominican religious themes and symbols with contemporary, political messages. Context_2 : The San Marco programme was an Italian satellite launch programme conducted between the early 1960s and the late 1980s. The project resulted in the launch of the first Italian-built satellite, San Marco 1, on December 15, 1964. With this launch Italy became the third country in the world to operate its own satellite, after the Soviet Union and the United States San Marco was a collaboration between the Italian Space Research Commission (CRS) (a branch of the National Research Council), led by Luigi Broglio and Edoardo Amaldi, and NASA. In total 5 satellites were launched during the programme, all using American Scout rockets. The first flew from Wallops Flight Facility with the rest conducted from the San Marco Equatorial Range. The last satellite, San Marco-D/L, launched on March 25, 1988. Context_3 : Porta San Marco is the remnant of one of the gates found the medieval walls of Siena, region of Tuscany, Italy. It is found at the start of Via San Marco. si trova in fondo a via San Marco. Context_4 : Bookchase is a board game published by Art Meets Matter. Players compete to acquire six small books for their bookshelf. They do this by partly by answering multiple-choice questions, partly by visiting special spaces on the board: The Bookshop, The Book Corner, The Library and also by chance events triggered by the turn of an Award or Sentence card. Context_5 : The Italian cruiser "San Marco" was a "San Giorgio"-class armoured cruiser built for the Royal Italian Navy ("Regia Marina") in the first decade of the 20th century. She was the first large Italian ship fitted with steam turbines and the first turbine-powered ship in any navy to have four propeller shafts. The ship participated in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12, during which time she supported the occupations of Benghazi and Derna, the island of Rhodes, and bombarded the fortifications defending the entrance to the Dardanelles. During World War I, "San Marco"' s activities were limited by the threat of Austro-Hungarian submarines, although the ship did participate in the bombardment of Durazzo, Albania in late 1918. She played a minor role in the Corfu incident in 1923 and was converted into a target ship in the first half of the 1930s. "San Marco" was captured by the Germans when they occupied northern Italy in 1943 and was found sunk at the end of the war. The ship was broken up and scrapped in 1949. Context_6 : St Mark's Campanile (Italian: "Campanile di San Marco" ; Venetian: "Canpanièl de San Marco" ) is the bell tower of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, Italy, located in the Piazza San Marco. It is one of the most recognizable symbols of the city. Context_7 : San Marco 1, also known as San Marco A, was the first Italian satellite, and the first non-Soviet/US spacecraft. Built in-house by the Italian Space Research Commission (Italian: "Commissione per le Ricerche Spaziali" , CRS) on behalf of the National Research Council, it was the first of five as part of the Italian-US San Marco programme. Context_8 : San Marco is a 2001 designer board game by Alan R. Moon and Aaron Weissblum. The game is set in Venice, and the title comes from the name of one of the city's districts. Context_9 : Museo Nazionale di San Marco is an art museum housed in the monumental section of the medieval Dominican friary dedicated to St Mark (San Marco), situated on the present-day Piazza San Marco, in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. Context_10 : The Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark (Italian: "Basilica Cattedrale Patriarcale di San Marco" ), commonly known as Saint Mark's Basilica (Italian: "Basilica di San Marco" ; Venetian: "Baxéłega de San Marco" ), is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice, northern Italy. It is the most famous of the city's churches and one of the best known examples of Italo-Byzantine architecture. It lies at the eastern end of the Piazza San Marco, adjacent and connected to the Doge's Palace. Originally it was the chapel of the Doge, and has only been the city's cathedral since 1807, when it became the seat of the Patriarch of Venice, archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice, formerly at San Pietro di Castello. fact_1 : Bookchase is a board game published by Art Meets Matter. fact_2 : San Marco is a 2001 designer board game by Alan R. Moon and Aaron Weissblum. Question: What kind of activity are the niche-themed products Bookchase and San Marco?
Answer: board game
Question: Context_1 : True Colours, the fifth album released by New Zealand band Split Enz, was their first major commercial success. Released in 1980, the album featured more mature songwriting from Neil Finn. Credited to him is the album's New Zealand and Australian #1 single, "I Got You," which also broke them internationally. The US release of the album featured "Shark Attack" and "I Got You" in reversed positions due to the latter's success on the single charts. Context_2 : Prodigal Sons is an album by the Irish group The Dubliners. Produced by Bill Whelan, who later became famous for "Riverdance", this album featured cellist Nigel Warren-Green as guest musician. Although Luke Kelly recorded his famous versions of "Raglan Road" and "Song for Ireland" during these sessions, neither track featured on this album, although Seán Cannon's version of "Song for Ireland" did. The two Kelly recordings would first appear on the compilation album, "Luke's Legacy" after his death. The album took its name from John Sheahan's composition, "The Prodigal Son". The album featured both contemporary and traditional songs as well as instrumental pieces. Context_3 : Izgubljen u vremenu (trans. ""Lost In Time"") is the second studio album by Serbian heavy metal band Kraljevski Apartman. Following the release of their first album "Long Live Rock 'n' Roll" and good reactions of the fans and critics, the band, with a changed lineup, entered the studio to record the second studio album. The album featured a cover of Uriah Heep's "Lady in Black" entitled "Slike". Promotional video was recorded for the track "Posle oluje (javi se...)". The album featured four tracks from the "Long Live Rock 'n' Roll" as bonus tracks. Context_4 : Workin' Together is a 1971 album recorded and released by Ike & Tina Turner on the Liberty Records label. Their second album with the label, it was also their most successful album to date. Much like their previous album, "Come Together", the album featured several covers of rock songs and also featured renewed versions of previous Ike & Tina songs, which was a habit for the couple. The album featured the duo's biggest-selling hit, a funk rock styled cover of "Proud Mary" and also featured another popular Ike & Tina song, the Ike Turner & Alliene Bullock-composed "Funkier Than a Mosquita's Tweeter", later covered by Nina Simone. Several of the songs were written by Ike (including one by "Eki Renrut", which is Ike Turner's name backwards) and "The Way You Love Me" which was a song the Turners had recorded for their very first studio album together, "The Soul of Ike & Tina Turner", a decade earlier. Context_5 : Refresh Your Senses is the seventh studio album by the Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme, and the third to be released by the London version of the band working under an alternative band name Disciplin A Kitschme. The album was released by the Tom Tom Music for former Yugoslavia and Babaroga records for the United Kingdom. Part of the material on the album featured rerecorded versions of Disciplina Kičme songs, featuring lyrics in English language. The album featured songs dealing with the new political situation in Serbia, "D' Demoncracy Yeah" and "Surely They Won't Get Much... of My Sympathy". Context_6 : Kurt Maloo (born Kurt Meier, April 16, 1953 in Zurich, Switzerland) is a Swiss singer-songwriter, composer, and record producer. He first achieved international success in 1986, as the singer and front man of the duo Double with the hit single, "The Captain of Her Heart". Context_7 : Flame is the thirteenth studio album for singer Patti LaBelle, released on MCA Records in 1997. Executive produced by LaBelle, the album featured songs from the likes of Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, who contributed to much of the compositions and productions on the record while other producers including Gerald Levert, Brenda Russell and David Foster were also featured on the album. The album featured the international hit and number-one dance single, "When You Talk About Love", and the R&B radio favorite, "Shoe Was on the Other Foot". The album was also notable in including the ballad, "Don't Block the Blessings", which was the title of LaBelle's best-selling autobiography released a year before "Flame". The album went Platinum by year's end. Context_8 : "The Captain of Her Heart" is a single by the Swiss duo Double in 1985. Taken from their 1985 album "Blue", the song is a ballad about a girl who stops waiting for her absent lover to return. The song was an international success, reaching No. 8 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 16 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The song also made Double the first Swiss act to hit the Top 40 in the Billboard Hot 100. Context_9 : Steppenwolf 7 is an album by the band Steppenwolf, released in 1970, and their fifth studio recording for Dunhill Records. It is the first Steppenwolf album with new bass player George Biondo. While the album featured Steppenwolf's trademark rock and roll sounds, none of the songs were able to make the top 40. The album featured a cover of Hoyt Axton's "Snowblind Friend", their second cover of one of his antidrug songs (the first being "The Pusher"). Along with "Who Needs Ya", it was one of two singles from the album which made the charts, but fell short of the top 40. The album track "Renegade" is autobiographical for lead vocalist John Kay, recounting his flight with his mother from East to West Germany in 1948. Context_10 : Ridin' High is an album by the British musician Robert Palmer. It was his eleventh solo studio album, released in 1992 and reached number 32 in the UK Albums Chart and number 173 on the US "Billboard" 200. The album featured the minor hit "Witchcraft". The album featured three tracks from Palmer's "Don't Explain" album two years earlier. fact_1 : Kurt Maloo (born Kurt Meier, April 16, 1953 in Zurich, Switzerland) is a Swiss singer-songwriter, composer, and record producer. fact_2 : He first achieved international success in 1986, as the singer and front man of the duo Double with the hit single, "The Captain of Her Heart". fact_3 : "The Captain of Her Heart" is a single by the Swiss duo Double in 1985. fact_4 : Taken from their 1985 album "Blue", the song is a ballad about a girl who stops waiting for her absent lover to return. Question: Which album featured Kurt Maloo performing on a single?
Answer: | Blue
| 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Shattered is a 1991 American neo-noir/psychological thriller starring Tom Berenger, Greta Scacchi, Bob Hoskins, Joanne Whalley and Corbin Bernsen. It was directed and written for the screen by Wolfgang Petersen, based on the novel by Richard Neely. Context_2 : The Traveler is a 2010 horror film directed by Michael Oblowitz, written by Joseph C. Muscat, and starring Val Kilmer and Dylan Neal. Kilmer plays a stranger who walks into a small town's police station, confesses to murder, and is interrogated by detective Alexander Black (Neal). Context_3 : Joanne Whalley (born 25 August 1964) is an English actress who began her career in 1974. She has since amassed numerous credits, primarily on television, but also in nearly 30 feature films, including "Dance with a Stranger" (1985), "Willow" (1988), "Scandal" (1989), "The Secret Rapture" (1993) and "Mother's Boys" (1994). Following her marriage to Val Kilmer in 1988, she was credited as Joanne Whalley-Kilmer until their divorce in 1996. Context_4 : Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott, and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer, in association with Paramount Pictures. The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps, Jr., and was inspired by an article titled "Top Guns" published in "California" magazine three years earlier. The film stars Tom Cruise, Kelly McGillis, Val Kilmer, Anthony Edwards, and Tom Skerritt. Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete "Maverick" Mitchell, a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier USS "Enterprise" . He and his Radar Intercept Officer (RIO) Nick "Goose" Bradshaw (Edwards) are given the chance to train at the Navy's Fighter Weapons School at the former Naval Air Station (NAS) Miramar in San Diego. Context_5 : Heat is a 1995 American crime film written, produced and directed by Michael Mann, and starring Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, and Val Kilmer. De Niro plays Neil McCauley, a professional thief, while Pacino plays Lt. Vincent Hanna, a LAPD robbery-homicide detective tracking down McCauley's crew. The story is based on the former Chicago police officer Chuck Adamson's pursuit during the 1960s of a criminal named McCauley, after whom De Niro's character is named. Heat is a remake by Mann of a TV series he had worked on, the pilot of which was released as a TV movie, "L.A. Takedown" in 1989. Context_6 : Palo Alto is a 2013 American drama film written and directed by Gia Coppola, based on James Franco's short story collection "Palo Alto" (2010). Franco stars, along with Emma Roberts, Jack Kilmer, Nat Wolff and Zoe Levin. Jack Kilmer's father, Val Kilmer, also appears briefly in the film as Stewart, Emma Roberts' stepdad. Context_7 : The Fourth Dimension is a 2012 independent film composed of three segments all created by different directors. In 2013 VICE Films worked with Grolsch Films Works to produce the film, which starred Val Kilmer and Rachel Korine. Context_8 : Wonderland is a 2003 American crime drama film, co-written and directed by James Cox and based on the real-life Wonderland Murders that occurred in 1981. The film stars Val Kilmer, Kate Bosworth, Dylan McDermott, Carrie Fisher, Lisa Kudrow, Josh Lucas, Christina Applegate, Tim Blake Nelson, and Janeane Garofalo. Kilmer plays the role of John Holmes, a pornographic film star and suspected accomplice in four grisly murders committed in an apartment on Wonderland Avenue, in the Laurel Canyon section of Los Angeles. Mr. Holmes was famous for playing the role of "Johnny Wadd" in a related series of pornographic adult films. Context_9 : MacGruber is a 2010 American action comedy film based on the "Saturday Night Live" sketch of the same name, itself a parody of action-adventure television series "MacGyver". Jorma Taccone of the comedy trio The Lonely Island directed the film, which stars Will Forte in the title role; Kristen Wiig as his love interest/partner, Vicki St. Elmo; Ryan Phillippe as Dixon Piper, a young lieutenant who becomes part of MacGruber's team; Maya Rudolph as MacGruber's dead wife, Casey; and Val Kilmer as the villain, Dieter von Cunth. Context_10 : The fictional superhero Batman, who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics, has appeared in various films since his inception. Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger, the character first starred in two serial films in the 1940s, "Batman" and "Batman and Robin". The character also appeared in the 1966 film "Batman", which was a feature film adaptation of the 1960s "Batman" TV series starring Adam West and Burt Ward, who also starred in the film. Toward the end of the 1980s, the Warner Bros. studio began producing a series of feature films starring Batman, beginning with the 1989 film "Batman", directed by Tim Burton and starring Michael Keaton. Burton and Keaton returned for the 1992 sequel "Batman Returns", and in 1995, Joel Schumacher directed "Batman Forever" with Val Kilmer as Batman. Schumacher also directed the 1997 sequel "Batman & Robin", which starred George Clooney. "Batman & Robin" was poorly received by both critics and fans, leading to the cancellation of "Batman Unchained". fact_1 : Shattered is a 1991 American neo-noir/psychological thriller starring Tom Berenger, Greta Scacchi, Bob Hoskins, Joanne Whalley and Corbin Bernsen. fact_2 : It was directed and written for the screen by Wolfgang Petersen, based on the novel by Richard Neely. fact_3 : Following her marriage to Val Kilmer in 1988, she was credited as Joanne Whalley-Kilmer until their divorce in 1996. Question: Who directed the film that starred Val Kilmer's former wife?
[EX A]: Wolfgang Petersen
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Shuangcheng District () is one of nine districts of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, covering part of the southwestern suburbs. It sits approximately 42 km south-southwest of downtown Harbin. Formerly a county-level city until 15 May 2014. The westernmost county-level division of Harbin City, it borders Daoli District to the north, Nangang and Pingfang Districts to the northeast, Acheng District to the east, and Wuchang to the southeast, as well as the Jilin prefecture-level divisions of Changchun to the south and Songyuan to the southwest. Context_2 : Nangang District () is one of nine districts of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, forming part of the city's urban core. It is home to major offices of the provincial government and is the political heart of Heilongjiang province. Other areas of interest within the district are the Harbin Railway Station, Guomao underground shopping street, a Confucian temple and the Buddhist Jile Temple. By far the most populous and densely populated of Harbin's county-level divisions, it borders the districts of Daowai and Xiangfang to the northeast, Pingfang to the southeast, Shuangcheng to the south, and Daoli to the west. A new subway system is also being built currently. Context_3 : Xiangfang District () is one of nine districts of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, China. It is an urban district in the pre-1940 part of Harbin, bordering the districts of Daowai to the north, Acheng to the southeast, Pingfang to the southwest, and Nangang to the west. It is an industrialized area, and contains the main scientific, technological and industrial zones of the city. The Harbin Development Zone is in the district. Context_4 : Unit 731 (Japanese: 731部隊 , Hepburn: Nana-san-ichi Butai ) was a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that undertook lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) of World War II. It was responsible for some of the most notorious war crimes carried out by Japan. Unit 731 was based at the Pingfang district of Harbin, the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo (now Northeast China). Context_5 : Pingfang Railway Station is a railway station of Lafa–Harbin Railway and located in the Pingfang District of Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China. Context_6 : Pingfang District () is one of nine districts of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, forming part of the city's urban core. The least spacious of Harbin's county-level divisions, it borders the districts of Xiangfang to the north, Acheng to the east, Shuangcheng to the southwest, and Nangang to the west. Context_7 : The American cover-up of Japanese war crimes occurred after the end of World War II, when the occupying US government granted political immunity to military personnel who had engaged in human experimentation and other crimes against humanity, predominantly in mainland China. The pardon of Japanese war criminals, among whom were Unit 731's commanding officers General Shiro Ishii and General Masaji Kitano, was overseen by General of the Army Douglas MacArthur in September 1945. While a series of war tribunals and trials was organized, many of the high-ranking officials and doctors who devised and respectively performed the experiments were pardoned and never brought to justice. As many as 12,000 people, most of them Chinese, died in Unit 731 alone and many more died in other facilities, such as Unit 100 and in field experiments throughout Manchuria. Context_8 : Harbin Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (HAIG), often shortened to Hafei (), is an aircraft manufacturing company headquartered in Pingfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang province, China. It was previously called Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation (HAMC) in English. Context_9 : Surgeon General Shirō Ishii (石井 四郎 , Ishii Shirō , ; June 25, 1892 – October 9, 1959) was a Japanese army medical officer, microbiologist and the director of Unit 731, a biological warfare unit of the Imperial Japanese Army involved in forced and frequently lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). Context_10 : Harbin No.3 High School (Chinese: 哈尔滨市第三中学) is the most prestigious high school in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. And it is one of the top high schools in China. It has two campuses. One is located in the center of Harbin, Nangang District, and the other one is located in Qunli District of Harbin. Harbin No.3 High School is a historical cultural site of Harbin due to its long history. Qunli District campus is more than 240,000 meter squared with its entrance gate more than 50 meters wide. It is one of the largest in China.The admission is given based on test results. Among all the candidates in Harbin and surrounding cities, only the top 1% students will be selected. fact_1 : Surgeon General Shirō Ishii (石井 四郎 , Ishii Shirō , ; June 25, 1892 – October 9, 1959) was a Japanese army medical officer, microbiologist and the director of Unit 731, a biological warfare unit of the Imperial Japanese Army involved in forced and frequently lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). fact_2 : Unit 731 was based at the Pingfang district of Harbin, the largest city in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo (now Northeast China). Question: What unit was directed by Shiro Ishii and based at the Pingfang district of Harbin?
[EX A]: Unit 731
[EX Q]: Context_1 : The Sandy Hook Pilots are licensed maritime pilots for the entire Port of New York and New Jersey, the Hudson River, and Long Island Sound who go aboard oceangoing vessels, passenger liners, freighters, and tankers,to guide them in and out of the harbor. The peninsulas of Sandy Hook and Rockaway in Lower New York Bay define the southern entrance to the port at the Atlantic Ocean. Context_2 : The East River is a salt water tidal estuary in New York City. The waterway, which is actually not a river despite its name, connects Upper New York Bay on its south end to Long Island Sound on its north end. It separates the borough of Queens on Long Island from the Bronx on the North American mainland, and also divides Manhattan from Queens and Brooklyn, which is also on Long Island. Because of its connection to Long Island Sound, it was once also known as the "Sound River". The tidal strait changes its direction of flow frequently, and is subject to strong fluctuations in its current, which are accentuated by its narrowness and variety of depths. The waterway is navigable for its entire length of 16 mi , and was historically the center of maritime activities in the city, although that is no longer the case. Context_3 : The Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command. It coordinated the coast defenses of Long Island Sound and Connecticut from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program. These included both coast artillery forts (all but two on islands in the sound) and underwater minefields. The area defended included the approach via the Sound to New York City, the port cities and manufacturing centers of New London, New Haven, and Bridgeport, and eventually included the submarine base and shipyard in Groton. The command originated circa 1900 as an Artillery District, was renamed Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1913, and again renamed Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1925. Context_4 : USRC "Manhattan" was an iron-hulled harbor tug that served as a Revenue Cutter and was originally assigned to New York City harbor and Long Island Sound, but in 1875 she was moved to the Great Lakes with stations at Ogdensburg and Oswego, New York. After 1885 she was advertised for sale but was withdrawn and reassigned to the Hudson River and Long Island Sound. After decommissioning in 1917, she was moved to Baltimore, Maryland and renamed "Arundel" because a new "Manhattan" was being built. Although no longer in commission, she served as a station vessel until sold in 1927. Context_5 : Eastchester Bay is a protected body of water between City Island and the mainland Bronx, New York. Technically, it is a sound, not a bay, since it is open to larger bodies of water at both ends. The northern end connects via a narrow channel to Pelham Bay (which is also really a sound, since it, in turn, opens onto Long Island Sound). The Hutchinson River empties into Eastchester Bay near the northern end. The lower portion of the bay opens onto the East River, Little Neck Bay, and Long Island Sound. Context_6 : U.S. Coast Guard Station Montauk is located on the easternmost end of Long Island in Montauk, New York. Station Montauk was officially opened on October 1, 1955 and has remained an active Search and Rescue and Law Enforcement unit. Today the station is one of eight small boat units that are a part of Sector Long Island Sound. Station Montauk is made up of active duty, reserve, and auxiliary personnel to maintain watch over the south shore of Long Island and Long Island Sound. Context_7 : Captain Joseph Henderson (September 9, 1826 - October 7, 1890) was an early American harbor pilot who guided large vessels in and out of the New York harbor. He was a legendary figure in New York during the 1880s, well known for being one of the oldest and wealthiest of the Sandy Hook Pilots, which operated in what is now the Port of New York and New Jersey. He was recognized to all the large steamship owners as one of the most experienced and trustworthy New York pilots. Context_8 : Glacial Lake Connecticut formed over what is now Long Island Sound and coastal Connecticut at the fore edge of the ice sheet of the Wisconsin glaciation, as the lobe of the Laurentide ice sheet began to retreat, some 18 to 20,000 years before present. It was dammed by the terminal moraine that now forms the spine of Long Island and Fishers Island. About 15,000 BP, the moraine dam that impounded Lake Connecticut failed; the outlet, known as The Race for its tidal rip currents, lies between the North Fork of Long Island and Fishers Island. For a time, much of the lake bed was exposed to wind-driven erosion: the cue is found in soundings that reveal regional unconformities in the sediment bed of Long Island Sound. Context_9 : Long Island Sound is a tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean, lying between the eastern shores of Bronx County, New York City, southern Westchester County, and Connecticut to the north, and the North Shore of Long Island, to the south. From east to west, the sound stretches 110 miles (177 km) from the East River in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. A mix of freshwater from tributaries and saltwater from the ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to . Context_10 : The Saw Mill River is a 23.5 mi tributary of the Hudson River in Westchester County, New York, United States. It flows from an unnamed pond north of Chappaqua to Getty Square in Yonkers, where it empties into the Hudson as that river's southernmost tributary. It is the only major stream in southern Westchester County to drain into the Hudson instead of Long Island Sound. It drains an area of 26.5 sqmi , most of it heavily developed suburbia. For 16 mi , it flows parallel to the Saw Mill River Parkway, a commuter artery, an association that has been said to give the river an "identity crisis." fact_1 : Captain Joseph Henderson (September 9, 1826 - October 7, 1890) was an early American harbor pilot who guided large vessels in and out of the New York harbor. fact_2 : He was a legendary figure in New York during the 1880s, well known for being one of the oldest and wealthiest of the Sandy Hook Pilots, which operated in what is now the Port of New York and New Jersey. fact_3 : The Sandy Hook Pilots are licensed maritime pilots for the entire Port of New York and New Jersey, the Hudson River, and Long Island Sound who go aboard oceangoing vessels, passenger liners, freighters, and tankers,to guide them in and out of the harbor. Question: In which city do maritime pilots operating along the Hudson River and Long Island Sound, one of the wealthiest being Joseph Henderson, function?
[EX A]: | New York
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : "After All" is a 1989 "Billboard" Hot 100 hit song performed as a duet by American singer and actress Cher and American singer and bass player Peter Cetera (former lead vocalist of Chicago), released on February 21, 1989, by Geffen Records. It was used as the love theme for the movie "Chances Are" and was nominated for Best Original Song at the Academy Awards 1989. The song was also the first North American single release from Cher's nineteenth album "Heart of Stone". The song appears on Peter Cetera's 1997 album "" and his 2017 album, "The Very Best of Peter Cetera". Context_2 : "Glory of Love" is a 1986 song by Peter Cetera written and composed by Cetera, David Foster, and Cetera's then-wife Diane Nini, and recorded by Cetera shortly after he left the band Chicago to pursue a solo career. Featured in the 1986 film "The Karate Kid Part II", it was Cetera's first hit single after he left the team, reaching number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and it was included on his 1986 album, "Solitude/Solitaire", which Michael Omartian produced.<ref name="Solitude/SolitaireCD"> </ref> (Cetera released this album to coincide with the theatrical release of "The Karate Kid Part II".) Context_3 : One More Story (1988) is the third solo album for music artist Peter Cetera and his second album after leaving the group Chicago. This album includes the hit "One Good Woman," which made it to number four on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also includes the single "Best of Times". The album was co-produced by Patrick Leonard and Peter Cetera, and contains an appearance by Leonard's most famous artist at the time, Madonna (appearing on the song "Scheherazade" as 'Lulu Smith'). It also features Pink Floyd guitarist David Gilmour on "Body Language" and "You Never Listen to Me", as well as Oak Ridge Boys bass vocalist Richard Sterban and guitarist/vocalist Bonnie Raitt on "Save Me." Context_4 : American singer-songwriter Amy Grant made her recording debut as a teenager and by the 1980s had gained fame in Christian music thanks to the songs "Father's Eyes", "El Shaddai", and "Angels". In 1986, she had her first number-one single on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in a duet with Peter Cetera, "The Next Time I Fall". Grant was becoming more famous in the world of pop with such albums as "Unguarded" and "Lead Me On". However, it wasn't until her eighth studio album "Heart in Motion" that Grant made a breakthrough into mainstream music. "Heart in Motion" produced the hit singles "Baby Baby", "Every Heartbeat", "That's What Love Is For" and "Good for Me", all of which made it into the top ten of the "Billboard" Hot 100, with the first two reaching No. 1 and No. 2 respectively. It remains Grant's most commercially successful album to date, having been certified five-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. A Christmas album, "Home for Christmas", was released shortly afterwards, reaching No. 2 on the "Billboard" 200, her highest album entry to date. Grant went on to release the albums "House of Love" and "Behind the Eyes" in the mid-nineties. Her first full-length studio album of all-new material since 2003, "How Mercy Looks from Here", was released on May 14, 2013. Context_5 : "The Next Time I Fall" is a song written by Bobby Caldwell and Paul Gordon and recorded as a duet by Peter Cetera and Amy Grant for his 1986 album "Solitude/Solitaire". It reached number one on "Billboard" magazine's Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary chart and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. Context_6 : Next Time (Macedonian: "Некст Тајм" ) is the debut album of the Macedonian pop rock duo also called Next Time. The release of the album marked Next Time's fast gained success as part of the Macedonian music scene. After releasing 4 singles in just about 4 months, Next Time entered the studio for completing their first musical project and recorded 9 other songs. The finished album contained 13 songs, two of which were sung in a language other than Macedonian. It was a mix of slow and fast songs, topped with a bonus track in English and a cover from an old Italian pop-opera song. At the promotion for the album held in the hotel Holiday Inn in Skopje, Macedonia over 2,000 people were present to support the newly formed duo and their first album. After a brief note from producer Jovan Jovanov, the duo performed 6 songs from the CD live at the promotion to the pleasure of the gathered crowd. Context_7 : "One Good Woman" is a popular song from 1988 by Peter Cetera, formerly the lead singer of the rock band Chicago. Cetera co-wrote and co-produced the track with Patrick Leonard, and the song was included on Cetera's 1988 album "One More Story". Context_8 : "You're the Inspiration" is a song written by Peter Cetera and David Foster for the group Chicago and recorded for their album "Chicago 17" (1984), with Cetera singing lead vocals. The third single released from that album, it reached number 3 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in January 1985, and also climbed to the top position on the adult contemporary chart at the same time. Peter Cetera re-recorded the song for his 1997 solo album "". That same year he also recorded a single version with the vocal R&B group, Az Yet. Context_9 : Solitude/Solitaire is the second solo album by former Chicago bassist and vocalist Peter Cetera, and his first album after leaving the band in 1985. The album was released in June 1986. It includes the hits "Glory of Love" and "The Next Time I Fall" (with Amy Grant). Both reached the No. 1 position on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. Produced by Michael Omartian<ref name="Solitude/SolitaireCD"> </ref> (who later co-produced Cetera's 2001 album, "Another Perfect World"), the album was Cetera's greatest solo success, peaking at No. 23 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. It was certified platinum by the RIAA, selling over one million copies in the U.S. Context_10 : Amy Lee Grant (born November 25, 1960) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, author and media personality. She is known for performing contemporary Christian music (CCM) and for a successful crossover to pop music in the 1980s and 1990s. She has been referred to as "The Queen of Christian Pop". fact_1 : "The Next Time I Fall" is a song written by Bobby Caldwell and Paul Gordon and recorded as a duet by Peter Cetera and Amy Grant for his 1986 album "Solitude/Solitaire". fact_2 : She has been referred to as "The Queen of Christian Pop". Question: Who was the singer that is referred to as "The Queen of Christian Pop" and sang a duet with Peter Cetera on the song "The Next Time I Fall"?
Output: Amy Grant
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Deham (The Body) is a 2001 film directed by Govind Nihalani based on playwright Manjula Padmanabhan's play "Harvest". It has Kitu Gidwani, Joy Sengupta, Alyy Khan, Surekha Sikri and Julie Ames in lead roles. One of the few English films made in India, its a futuristic story depicting the organ sale from relatively poorer countries to the rich. Nihalani himself called it a "serious social sci-fi film". "Deham" won the prestigious Netpac (Network for Promotion of Asian Cinema) award for the Best Asian Film at the 25th Goteborg Film Festival, 2002, in Sweden. Context_2 : OMG, I'm a robot?! is an Israeli sci-fi comedy directed by Tal Goldberg and Gal Zelezniak. It is the first Israeli sci-fi film. Context_3 : Timothy Walter Burton ( ; born August 25, 1958) is an American film director, producer, artist, writer, and animator. He is known for his dark, gothic, eccentric, and quirky fantasy films such as "Beetlejuice" (1988), "Edward Scissorhands" (1990), the animated musical "The Nightmare Before Christmas" (1993), the biographical film "Ed Wood" (1994), the horror fantasy "Sleepy Hollow" (1999), and later efforts such as "Corpse Bride" (2005), "" (2007), "Dark Shadows" (2012), and "Frankenweenie" (2012). He is also known for blockbusters such as the adventure comedy "Pee-wee's Big Adventure" (1985), the superhero films "Batman" (1989) and its first sequel "Batman Returns" (1992), the sci-fi film "Planet of the Apes" (2001), the fantasy drama "Big Fish" (2003), the musical adventure film "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (2005), and the fantasy film "Alice in Wonderland" (2010), which garnered a worldwide gross of over $1 billion. Context_4 : Queen of Blood is a 2013 vampire film that was written and directed by Chris Alexander and is a follow-up to his 2012 film "Blood for Irina". The film had its world premiere on 4 April 2014 at the International Horror and Sci-Fi Film Festival and has actress Shauna Henry returning to reprise the character of Irina. A DVD and VOD release will occur in September 2015. Context_5 : Adam Valdez is visual effects supervisor. Best known for his works on Oscar winning films "" (2001) and "" (2002) as an animation head, though did not get the nomination. Vadez worked as lead visual supervisor in acclaimed films such as "10,000 BC" (2008), "" (2008), "John Carter" (2012), "World War Z" (2013), "Maleficent" (2014), "The Jungle Book" (2016) for which he won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at 89th Academy Awards. Context_6 : Strange Frame: Love & Sax is a science fiction feature film created using cutout animation and written by Shelley Doty and GB Hajim. Directed by Hajim, the film was slated for 2012 release as the world's first animated lesbian-themed sci-fi film. Clips of the film debuted at the Los Angeles Bent-Con on December 3, 2011 and the complete film premiered in London on May 3, 2012. Context_7 : Alfonso Brescia (6 January 1930 – 6 June 2001) was an Italian film director of low-budget films, sometimes credited as Al Bradley or Al Bradly. Film buffs mainly know him for the four low-budget sci-fi films he hurriedly directed in 1978 to capitalize on the success of "Star Wars"...Cosmos War of the Planets", "Battle in Interstellar Space", "War of the Robots and Star Odyssey. (His movie The Beast in Space (1980) was an adult sci-fi film, and was not part of his 1978 space series). Horror film fans know him for his 1972 giallo Naked Girl Killed in the Park. Context_8 : John Carter is a 2012 American science fiction action film directed by Andrew Stanton from a screenplay written by Stanton, Mark Andrews, and Michael Chabon. The film was produced by Jim Morris, Colin Wilson, and Lindsey Collins, and is based on "A Princess of Mars", the first book in the "Barsoom" series of novels by Edgar Rice Burroughs. "John Carter" stars Taylor Kitsch in the title role, Lynn Collins, Samantha Morton, Mark Strong, Ciarán Hinds, Dominic West, James Purefoy, and Willem Dafoe. The film chronicles the first interplanetary adventure of John Carter and his attempts to mediate civil unrest amongst the warring kingdoms of Barsoom. Context_9 : "Back in Time" is a song by the American rapper Pitbull. While originally released as the lead single from the soundtrack of sci-fi film "Men in Black 3", it is not featured on the album; instead, it was released as the lead single from Pitbull's seventh studio album, "Global Warming". The single was released via download on March 27, 2012, before being issued physically in Germany on May 25, 2012. The single to date has sold over 1.3 million copies digitally.<ref name="Hip Hop Digital Singles Sales: The Week Ending 7/29/2012"> </ref> The song contains a sample from "Love Is Strange", written by Mickey Baker, Sylvia Robinson, and Ellas McDaniel, as performed by Mickey & Sylvia, which was also used in the song Rinky Dink by Bill Justis. Context_10 : "Accel World" is a 2012 Sci-Fi Japanese anime television series based on the light novel series written by Reki Kawahara and illustrated by HiMA. The anime is produced by Sunrise and directed by Masakazu Obara with screenplay by Hiroyuki Yoshino. fact_1 : Vadez worked as lead visual supervisor in acclaimed films such as "10,000 BC" (2008), "" (2008), "John Carter" (2012), "World War Z" (2013), "Maleficent" (2014), "The Jungle Book" (2016) for which he won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at 89th Academy Awards. fact_2 : John Carter is a 2012 American science fiction action film directed by Andrew Stanton from a screenplay written by Stanton, Mark Andrews, and Michael Chabon. Question: Adam Valdez worked on the 2012 sci-fi film directed by whom?
Output: Andrew Stanton
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Live action role-playing games, known as LARPs, are a form of role-playing game in which live players/actors assume roles as specific characters and play out a scenario in-character. Technically, many childhood games may be thought of as simple LARPs, as they often involve the assumption of character roles. However, the scope of this article concerns itself mainly with LARPing in a technical sense: the organized live-action role-playing games whose origins are closely related to the invention of tabletop role-playing games in America in the 1970s. Context_2 : "Kingdom Hearts" is a series of action role-playing games developed and published by Square Enix (formerly Square). It is the result of a collaboration between Square Enix and Disney Interactive Studios. "Kingdom Hearts" is a crossover of various Disney settings based in a universe made specifically for the series. The series features a mixture of familiar Disney, "Final Fantasy", "The World Ends with You" and Pixar characters, as well as several new characters designed by Tetsuya Nomura. In addition, it has an all-star voice cast which includes many of the Disney characters' official voice actors. Context_3 : Aladdin is a fictional character and the protagonist of Disney's 1992 animated feature film "Aladdin", and its two direct-to-video sequels "The Return of Jafar" (1994) and "Aladdin and the King of Thieves" (1996). He also stars in the animated television series based on the film. In all animated productions, Aladdin is voiced by American actor Scott Weinger, while his singing voice is provided by Brad Kane. Mena Massoud is set to play a live-action version of the character in a live action adaptation of the 1992 film. Context_4 : Aladdin is a 1992 American animated comedy musical romantic fantasy adventure film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation for Walt Disney Pictures. The film is the 31st Disney animated feature film, and was the fourth produced during the Disney film era known as the Disney Renaissance. It was directed by John Musker and Ron Clements, and is based on the Arab-style folktale of the same name from "One Thousand and One Nights" and the French interpretation by Antoine Galland. The voice cast features Scott Weinger, Robin Williams, Linda Larkin, Jonathan Freeman, Frank Welker, Gilbert Gottfried and Douglas Seale. The film follows Aladdin, a street urchin, who finds a magic lamp containing a genie. In order to hide the lamp from the Grand vizier, he disguises himself as a wealthy prince, and tries to impress the Sultan and his daughter. Context_5 : A character sheet is a record of a player character in a role-playing game, including whatever details, notes, game statistics, and background information a player would need during a play session. Character sheets can be found in use in both traditional and action role-playing games. Almost all roleplaying games make use of character sheets in some fashion; even "rules-light" systems and freeform role-playing games record character details in some manner. Context_6 : Scott Weinger (born October 5, 1975) is an American actor, voice actor, writer and producer, best known as the voice of the title character in Disney's "Aladdin". Weinger reprised the role in the two direct-to-video sequels, the Disney Channel television series of the same name, the "Kingdom Hearts" and "Disney Infinity" video game series. He is also known for playing Steve Hale on the ABC sitcom "Full House" and its Netflix sequel "Fuller House". He is also a writer and producer for television, including for ABC's "Galavant" and "Black-ish". He was a co-executive producer of ABC's "The Muppets". Context_7 : The D6 System is a role-playing game system published by West End Games (WEG) and licensees. While the system is primarily intended for pen-and-paper role-playing games, variations of the system have also been used in live action role-playing games and miniature battle games. The system is named after the 6-sided die, which is used in every roll required by the system. Context_8 : Kingdom Hearts (Japanese: キングダム ハーツ , Hepburn: Kingudamu Hātsu ) is a series of crossover action role-playing games owned by Disney Interactive Studios and developed and published by Square Enix (originally by Square). It is a collaboration between Disney Interactive and Square Enix, and is under the direction of Tetsuya Nomura, a longtime Square Enix character designer. Context_9 : Gen Con is the largest tabletop-game convention in North America by both attendance and number of events. It features traditional pen-and-paper, board, and card games, including role-playing games, miniatures wargames, live action role-playing games, collectible card games, and strategy games. Gen Con also features computer games. Attendees engage in a variety of tournament and interactive game sessions. In 2015, Gen Con had 61,423 unique attendees, making it one of the largest conventions in North America. Context_10 : There are several video games based on Tite Kubo's manga and anime series "Bleach". The titles consist mostly of side-scrolling fighters, but also include other genres such as strategy role-playing games and action role-playing games. Most of the games retell the plot of the manga, following Ichigo Kurosaki and his friends. Some games, however, have veered from the source material and incorporated original stories and characters. The games have been released on a variety of home and handheld consoles. fact_1 : Scott Weinger (born October 5, 1975) is an American actor, voice actor, writer and producer, best known as the voice of the title character in Disney's "Aladdin". fact_2 : Weinger reprised the role in the two direct-to-video sequels, the Disney Channel television series of the same name, the "Kingdom Hearts" and "Disney Infinity" video game series. fact_3 : Kingdom Hearts (Japanese: キングダム ハーツ , Hepburn: Kingudamu Hātsu ) is a series of crossover action role-playing games owned by Disney Interactive Studios and developed and published by Square Enix (originally by Square). Question: What is the name of this series of crossover action role-playing games, in which Scott Weinger reprised his role as the voice of Aladdin?
| Output: Kingdom Hearts
| 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Let me give you an example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
The answer to this example can be: 1874May
Here is why: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
OK. solve this:
Context_1 : The Amazing Spider-Man 2 (also released as The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro in some markets) is a 2014 American superhero film featuring the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. The film was directed by Marc Webb and was produced by Avi Arad and Matt Tolmach. It is the fifth theatrical "Spider-Man" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and is the sequel to 2012's "The Amazing Spider-Man", it is also the final film in "The Amazing Spider-Man" franchise. The studio hired James Vanderbilt to write the screenplay and Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci to rewrite it. The film stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Dane DeHaan as Green Goblin / Harry Osborn, Campbell Scott and Embeth Davidtz as Peter's parents, and Sally Field as Aunt May, with the addition of a new cast including Paul Giamatti as Rhino / Aleksei Sytsevich and Jamie Foxx as Electro / Max Dillon. Context_2 : Spider-Man is a 2002 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and based on the Marvel Comics comic book series titled "The Amazing Spider-Man". The film stars Tobey Maguire as Peter Parker, a high school student living in New York City, who turns to crimefighting after developing spider-like super powers. "Spider-Man" also stars Kirsten Dunst as Peter's love interest Mary Jane Watson, Willem Dafoe as Norman Osborn/Green Goblin, Rosemary Harris and Cliff Robertson as Aunt May and Uncle Ben, and James Franco as his best friend Harry Osborn. Context_3 : Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". It was directed by Sam Raimi from a screenplay by Raimi, Ivan Raimi and Alvin Sargent. It is the final film in Raimi's original "Spider-Man" film trilogy, following "Spider-Man" (2002) and "Spider-Man 2" (2004). The film stars Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Thomas Haden Church, Topher Grace, Bryce Dallas Howard, Rosemary Harris, J. K. Simmons, James Cromwell, and Cliff Robertson in his final acting appearance before his death in 2011. Following the events of "Spider-Man 2", Peter Parker has become a cultural phenomenon as Spider-Man, while Mary Jane "M.J." Watson continues her Broadway career. Harry Osborn still seeks vengeance for his father's death, and an escaped Flint Marko falls into a particle accelerator and is transformed into a shape-shifting sand manipulator. An extraterrestrial symbiote crashes to Earth and bonds with Peter, influencing his behavior for the worse. Context_4 : Lucy Gordon (22 May 1980 – 20 May 2009) was an English actress and model. She became a face of CoverGirl in 1997 before starting an acting career. Her first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have small roles in "Spider-Man 3", "Serendipity" and "The Four Feathers". Gordon had played the actress and singer Jane Birkin in the film "", a biopic of singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg. Before the film was released, she was found hanged in her flat in Paris on 20 May 2009 after committing suicide. Context_5 : "Dying Wish" is a three-issue comic book storyline in "The Amazing Spider-Man", first published by Marvel Comics between November and December 2012 and featuring the fictional superhero Spider-Man. Starting with a prologue in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #698 and ending in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #700, "Dying Wish" brought over fifty years of Marvel's publication of "The Amazing Spider-Man" comic series to an end, and ushered in the new series "The Superior Spider-Man" in January 2013. The story concluded a storyline started in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #600 where it is revealed that the Spider-Man villain Doctor Octopus is terminally ill from his years of crime and fighting superheroes. Aware of his impending death, Doctor Octopus sets in motion a series of plans to create his legacy, that ran through the March 2012 story "Ends of the Earth" and finished in "Dying Wish", where the villain successfully swapped consciousnesses with Spider-Man's alter ego Peter Parker, thrusting the hero into his decaying body. Context_6 : The Superior Spider-Man was a superhero comic book series that was published by Marvel Comics that ran between January 2013 and June 2014. The series was written by Dan Slott with artwork by Ryan Stegman, Humberto Ramos, and Giuseppe Camuncoli. It features a reformed Otto Octavius who has taken over Peter Parker's body, and, having allowed Peter to die in Octavius' body but being affected by Peter's memories, is determined to be a better Spider-Man than Peter ever was, and a better man than Otto Octavius. The title replaced the long running series "The Amazing Spider-Man", after the conclusion of the "Dying Wish" storyline, as the core Spider-Man book. The Superior Spider-Man also crosses over into other Spider-man titles such as Avenging Spider-Man and its superseding title Superior Spider-Man Team-Up, as well as many other Marvel titles. The series ended with issue 31, which determined the fate of Otto Octavius' mind, and was followed by the next volume of "The Amazing Spider-Man", in which Peter Parker has regained his body and the Spider-Man mantle. Context_7 : The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book. It is the fourth theatrical "Spider-Man" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's "Spider-Man" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it. The film was directed by Marc Webb. It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker. The film tells the story of Peter Parker, a teenager from New York who becomes Spider-Man after being bitten by a genetically altered spider. Parker must stop Dr. Curt Connors as a mutated lizard, from spreading a mutation serum to the city's human population. Context_8 : Avenging Spider-Man is the title of an American comic book series published monthly by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the fictional superhero Spider-Man. The events in the story take place in the primary continuity of the mainstream Marvel Universe along with the events of "The Amazing Spider-Man" and later "The Superior Spider-Man". This was the first ongoing series to feature Spider-Man as the main character besides "The Amazing Spider-Man" since the cancellation of "Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man" and the second volume of "Sensational Spider-Man" in December 2008 following the conclusion of the "" storyline. "Avenging Spider-Man" has also been instrumental in Marvel's shift towards including codes to receive free digital copies of the comic with purchased print comic books. Context_9 : Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough, Miles Millar, and Michael Chabon. The sequel to the 2002 film "Spider-Man", it is the second film in Raimi's Spider-Man film trilogy based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, and James Franco reprise their respective roles as Peter Parker "/" Spider-Man, Mary Jane "M.J." Watson and Harry Osborn. Context_10 : Spider-Man is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Universe debuting in the anthology comic book series issue "Amazing Fantasy" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comics published by Marvel Comics. After his debut he would get his own comic book entitled "The Amazing Spider-Man". The comic book series would introduce many of what would become his major supervillain adversaries. Spider-Man would then be popular enough for more Spider-Man comic spinoffs ("The Spectacular Spider-Man", "Marvel Team-Up", "Web of Spider-Man", "" etc.) which introduced more recurring enemies of the web-slinger. fact_1 : Lucy Gordon (22 May 1980 – 20 May 2009) was an English actress and model. fact_2 : Her first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have small roles in "Spider-Man 3", "Serendipity" and "The Four Feathers". fact_3 : Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". Question: Lucy Gordon's first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have a small role in "Spider-Man 3", an American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man" from what year?
Answer: | 2007 | 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Social learning tools are those tools used for pedagogical and androgogical purposes that utilize social software and/or social media in order to facilitate learning through interactions between people and systems. The idea of setting up "social learning tools" is to make education more convenient and widespread. Therefore, people can acquire knowledge by distance learning tools, for instance, Facebook, Twitter, whatsapp and so on. Social learning tools may mediate in formal or informal learning environments to help create connections between learners, instructors and information. These connections form dynamic knowledge networks. Companies are using social learning to improve knowledge transfer within departments and across teams and use a variety of tools to create a social learning environment. Context_2 : Tribe 8 is a fantasy/post-apocalypse role-playing game designed by Philippe R. Boulle, Stéphane Brochu and Joshua Mosqueira-Asheim with visuals by Ghislain Barbe. It was first released in 1998 by Canadian publisher Dream Pod 9 as a departure from their mostly mecha line of hard science fiction games. Context_3 : Aqua Kids is an award-winning K thru 12 program that educates young people about ecology, wildlife, and science as well as how it all relates to them. Aqua Kids was created by George A. Stover III, a professional TV producer, videographer and scuba diver. While filming underwater documentaries all over the world, he noticed the oceans beginning to decline, and decided to use his profession and influence to educate people about this alarming trend. He realized that to make lasting change, he had to reach the kids and teens of the world. So he and his wife Carol gathered the first group of "Aqua Kids" and shot a pilot for the new TV show in 2000. It took 5 years for networks to warm up to the idea of kids swimming with sharks and crawling through swamps - but in 2005, full seasons of Aqua Kids began airing, and the show has grown every year. Prestigious scientific agencies, organizations and universities all over the country partner with us and work together with us to help create content for our program. It is our mission to bring this message of conservation and awareness to kids, teens and adults everywhere, and educate others to create a healthier and more sustainable planet for all. Context_4 : Ghislain Barbe is a Canadian illustrator and artist. He is best known for designing the visual aspects of the Heavy Gear science fiction franchise in the 1990s and early 2000s. He was also responsible for the overall graphics of publisher Dream Pod 9's role-playing game lines "Jovian Chronicles" and "Tribe 8", along with some other works, for which he illustrated nearly a hundred books. Context_5 : Juan Pablo Duarte (January 26, 1813 – July 15, 1876) is one of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic. He was a visionary and liberal thinker, who along with Francisco del Rosario Sánchez and Matías Ramón Mella, is widely considered to be the architect of the Dominican Republic and its independence from Haitian rule in 1844. He would help create the political organization La Trinitaria to fight against the Haitian occupation, achieve independence, and create a self-sufficient nation. Context_6 : Seorim was a priest of ancient Israel after the order of Aaron, during the reign of King David in the 10th century BCE. Seorim lead the fourth of the 24 priestly divisions. The biblical passage of 1 Chronicles 24 documents the division of the priests during the reign of King David. These priests were all descendants of Aaron, who had four sons: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. However, Nadab and Abihu died before Aaron and only Eleazar and Ithamar had sons. One priest, Zadok, from Eleazar's descendants and another priest, Ahimelech, from Ithamar's descendants were designated to help create the various priestly orders. Sixteen of Eleazar's descendants were selected to head priestly orders while only eight of Ithamar's descendants were so chosen. The passage states that this was done because of the greater number of leaders among Eleazar's descendants. Lots were drawn to designate the order of ministering for the heads of the priestly orders when they entered the temple. Since each order was responsible for ministering during a different week, Seorim's order was stationed as a watch at the Tabernacle during the fourth week of the year on the Hebrew calendar. Context_7 : Jedaiah was a priest of ancient Israel after the order of Aaron, during the reign of King David in the 10th century BCE. Jedaiah lead the second of the 24 priestly divisions. The biblical passage of 1 Chronicles 24 documents the division of the priests during the reign of King David. These priests were all descendants of Aaron, who had four sons: Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. However, Nadab and Abihu died before Aaron and only Eleazar and Ithamar had sons. One priest, Zadok, from Eleazar's descendants and another priest, Ahimelech, from Ithamar's descendants were designated to help create the various priestly orders. Sixteen of Eleazar's descendants were selected to head priestly orders while only eight of Ithamar's descendants were so chosen. The passage states that this was done because of the greater number of leaders among Eleazar's descendants. Lots were drawn to designate the order of ministering for the heads of the priestly orders when they entered the temple. Since each order was responsible for ministering during a different week, Jedaiah's order was stationed as a watch at the Tabernacle during the second week of the year on the Hebrew calendar. Context_8 : Jovian Chronicles is a science fiction game setting published by Dream Pod 9 since 1992. It introduces a complete universe for role-playing and wargaming space combat, featuring mecha, giant spacecraft and epic space battles. Context_9 : A Student Bill of Rights or Charter of Student Rights and Freedoms is a document adopted by a student group, university or college or government at a local, state or national level. It outlines a population's basic beliefs regarding student rights. These statements of belief are often the foundation for future legislative efforts or collaborative efforts to create joint statements between organizations. The European Student Union, for example, uses their Student Rights Charter when lobbying for student rights in the European Union Higher Education Area as a document representing the student will. The historic National Student Association in the United States used their Student Bill of Rights to help create dialogue between the American Association of University Professors and to initiate the creation of a joint statement on student rights. This collaborative effort gave credence to the demands of students and helped normalize student rights on campuses across North America. While the United States Student Association does not have a student bill of rights of its own, it upholds the 1947 student bill of rights put forth by the National Student Association. Context_10 : Venture development describes economic development activity that is focused on using best-practices and activities of experienced business mentoring and pre-angel and venture capital investing in order to help create venture and angel-capital-ready firms which have the promise to create significant economic wealth for a region, state or country including entrepreneurial wealth and jobs. fact_1 : He was also responsible for the overall graphics of publisher Dream Pod 9's role-playing game lines "Jovian Chronicles" and "Tribe 8", along with some other works, for which he illustrated nearly a hundred books. fact_2 : Jovian Chronicles is a science fiction game setting published by Dream Pod 9 since 1992. Question: Did Ghislain Barbe help create Jovian Chronicles?
| Solution: overall graphics of publisher Dream Pod 9 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : In Japan, a junior idol (ジュニアアイドル , junia aidoru ) , alternatively chidol (チャイドル , chaidoru ) or low teen idol (ローティーンアイドル , rōtīn aidoru ) , is primarily defined as a child or early teenager pursuing a career as a photographic model. Generally, this means gravure, or "cheesecake", fully clothed shots; but, junior idols can, and some do, eventually enter the AV industry. Child actors, musicians, and J-pop singers (whose musical genre is often termed idol pop) can also be considered junior idols and are often featured in photobooks and image DVDs. Context_2 : A teen idol is a celebrity with a large teenage fan-base. Teen idols are generally young but not necessarily teenaged. Often teen idols are actors or musicians, like Ariana Grande and Niall Horan, but some sports figures also have an appeal to teenagers. Some teen idols began their careers as child actors, like Lindsay Lohan. Context_3 : "Popular Song" is a song by Lebanese-British recording artist Mika, released as the second single in the United States from his third studio album, "The Origin of Love". The song features American singer and actress Ariana Grande and is included on her debut album, "Yours Truly". The track was written by Mika, Priscilla Renea, Mathieu Jomphe and Stephen Schwartz, and produced by Mika and Greg Wells. The pop version featuring Ariana Grande was produced by Jason Nevins. Context_4 : Ariana Grande-Butera (born June 26, 1993), better known as Ariana Grande ( ), is an American singer and actress. She began her career in 2008 in the Broadway musical "13", before playing the role of Cat Valentine in the Nickelodeon television series "Victorious", and in the spinoff "Sam & Cat" until 2014. She has also appeared in other theatre and television roles and has lent her voice to animated television and films. Context_5 : Confessions of a Teen Idol is an American reality series that began airing on VH1 on January 4, 2009 and concluded on February 22, 2009. It ran for eight episodes. The series was hosted and produced by former teen idols Scott Baio and Jason Hervey. The show was filmed in the same house used to film "". Context_6 : "Break Free" is a song by American singer Ariana Grande featuring Russian-German music producer Zedd. It was the second single from Grande's sophomore studio album "My Everything" (2014). It premiered on July 2, 2014 on "Total Ariana Live", MTV's revival of "Total Request Live", and was released later that day. Musically, the song explores EDM and electro genres, a musical departure for Grande, whose discography is primarily composed of pop and R&B. Context_7 : Yours Truly is the debut studio album by American singer and actress Ariana Grande. It was released on September 3, 2013, by Republic Records. Incorporating R&B, "Yours Truly" was influenced by Whitney Houston, Amy Winehouse, Christina Aguilera and Mariah Carey, amongst other of Grande's greatest idols. Grande describes the album's first half as a "throwback" to the R&B music of the 1990s, and the second half being "very unique and very special that I've sort of written" which is completely original. On the album, Grande co-wrote six out of the twelve tracks. Contribution by Harmony Samuels, Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, Patrick "J. Que" Smith and "Victorious" co-star Leon Thomas III, as well as others, handling the production on the album. Grande recorded a number of songs on this album over a three-year period. The collaborations are with Big Sean, Mika and Mac Miller, in addition to The Wanted's Nathan Sykes, who features on the song "Almost is Never Enough" which was also included on . Occasionally, the album dips into other genres such as adult contemporary music and dance music. Context_8 : Thomas Lee "Tommy" Brown (born May 1, 1986), also known as Tommy Brown or TB Hits, is an American recording artist, musician, Multiplatinum record producer and songwriter. Tommy currently lives in LA and was born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He has received awards from ASCAP, and was Grammy nominated. He has scored multiple chart topping albums while working with Ariana Grande on her debut #1 album Yours Truly, and her second #1 album My Everything, lastly, Grande's 3rd studio album, Dangerous Woman charting #2 on Billboard 200. Brown has also collected production credits for three songs on Grammy-award winning artist Meghan Trainor's second album, Thank You. Brown's upcoming releases are DJ Khaled's next single "Forgive Me Father" feat Trainor & Wale, and Macy Gray's single "Sugar Daddy" feat Andre 3000. Tommy Brown is also a music producer. He has produced for many prominent artists including Ariana Grande, Travis Scott, Chris Brown, Black Eyed Peas (which gained him a Grammy nomination in 2010), T.I, Jennifer Lopez, Fifth Harmony, Pia Mia, Macy Gray, Jhene Aiko, Big Sean, Meghan Trainor, Victoria Monet, Meek Mill, Ludacris, Ray J and Gorilla Zoe. He learned from production greats Roy "Royalty" Hamilton and Rodney Jerkins of Darkchild, while working alongside them and eventually creating a team of his own and producing with them. Context_9 : Phillip Hill is an American bass and guitar player. He was born in Nashville, Tennessee, on November 3, 1972. He has been involved in several pop punk bands, including Teen Idols, Screeching Weasel, The Independents, Common Rider, Even in Blackouts, The Queers and the Kobanes. Hill is also a skilled vocalist. He has worked extensively as a recording engineer. His audio engineering credentials appear on numerous albums with a wide spectrum of musical styles, from the pop-punk sounds of bands such as Anti-Flag, Rise Against, Screeching Weasel and his own band, Teen Idols, to the heavy, "death metal" sounds of Human Filleted and Catatonic Atrocity, as well as the country-roots, folksy-blues sounds of The Clayton Miller Blues Band and Appalachian String Band. Context_10 : This is a list of Japanese idols; a type of celebrity in Japan. The word "idol" is almost always used to refer to a young woman, although there a significant number of male idols. The following list includes both female and male idols as well as both solo idols and idol groups. fact_1 : Often teen idols are actors or musicians, like Ariana Grande and Niall Horan, but some sports figures also have an appeal to teenagers. fact_2 : Ariana Grande-Butera (born June 26, 1993), better known as Ariana Grande ( ), is an American singer and actress. Question: A teen idol is a celebrity with a large teenage fan-base, often teen idols are actors or musicians, like Ariana Grande and who?
Niall Horan
Context_1 : Maria Esteves de Medeiros Victorino de Almeida, (born 19 August 1965), known as Maria de Medeiros (] ), is a Portuguese actress, director, and singer who has been involved in both European and American film productions. She is best known internationally for playing Fabienne in Quentin Tarantino's 1994 film "Pulp Fiction". Context_2 : Golden Balls (Spanish: Huevos de oro) is a 1993 Spanish film directed by Bigas Luna. It stars Javier Bardem, Maria de Medeiros, Alessandro Gassman, Maribel Verdú and Benicio del Toro. Context_3 : Stranded is a 2001 English-language Spanish science fiction film about a fictional first manned mission to Mars. It stars Vincent Gallo and Maria de Medeiros, and was directed by Spanish filmmaker and actress María Lidón (credited in the English version of the movie as "Luna"), with screenplay by Spanish science fiction author Juan Miguel Aguilera. Lidón won the "Grand Prize of European Fantasy Film in Silver", and Gallo and de Medeiros were named best actors at the 2002 Fantafestival in Rome. Context_4 : Henry & June is a 1990 American biographical drama film directed by Philip Kaufman, and stars Fred Ward, Maria de Medeiros and Uma Thurman. It is loosely based on Anaïs Nin's French book of the same name, and tells the story of Nin's relationship with Henry Miller and his wife, June. Context_5 : Airbag is a 1997 Spanish film written and directed by Juanma Bajo Ulloa. It stars Fernando Guillén Cuervo, Maria de Medeiros and Javier Bardem. Also stars unknown actors as Karra Elejalde and Manuel Manquiña, and Spanish celebrities as Francisco Rabal, Rosa Maria Sardà, Rossy de Palma, Santiago Segura, Alaska and Karlos Arguiñano. Context_6 : Journey to Portugal (Portuguese: "Viagem a Portugal" ) is a 2011 Portuguese film directed and written by Sergio Tréfaut, based on a true story. It was Tréfaut's first feature-length fiction film and stars Maria de Medeiros, Isabel Ruth, and Makena Diop. Context_7 : Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American black comedy neo-noir crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, from a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary. Directed in a highly stylized manner, "Pulp Fiction" connects the intersecting storylines of Los Angeles mobsters, fringe players, small-time criminals, and a mysterious briefcase. The film's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century, known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue. Context_8 : António Victorino de Almeida (born 21 May 1940) is a Portuguese composer, music teacher, pianist and writer from Lisbon. He has also directed several films and television programmes about music. He is the father of actresses Maria de Medeiros and Inês de Medeiros and the violinist and composer Anne Victorino de Almeida. Context_9 : Midsummer Madness (Latvian: "Jāņu nakts" ) is a 2007 film telling 6 different stories all taking place in Latvia during the Latvian national festivities of Jāņi. One of the stories shows a French woman (played by Maria de Medeiros) who brings the ashes of her late husband to Latvia, believing it to be the same country as Lithuania as she wants to spread her husband's ashes near the Hill of Crosses, which is in Lithuania. She gets to the hill of crosses and this shows the only part of the film outside of Latvia. Context_10 : Shelter (Italian: Riparo ) aka Shelter Me is a 2007 Italian romantic drama film co-written and directed by Marco Simon Puccioni and starring Maria de Medeiros, Antonia Liskova, and Mounir Ouadi. The film was presented at the 57th Berlin International Film Festival in 2007. fact_1 : She is best known internationally for playing Fabienne in Quentin Tarantino's 1994 film "Pulp Fiction". fact_2 : Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American black comedy neo-noir crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, from a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary. Question: Who with Quentin Tarentino wrote the story for the film in which Maria de Medeiros played the role of Fabienne ?
Roger Avary
Context_1 : An international marriage, or transnational marriage, is a marriage between two people from different countries. A variety of special issues arise in marriages between people from different countries, including those related to citizenship and culture, which add complexity and challenges to these kinds of relationships. Context_2 : Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia. They are small herbaceous biennial or perennial plants with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow flowers with four petals. Context_3 : The European Qualifications Framework (EQF) acts as a translation device to make national qualifications more readable across Europe, promoting workers' and learners' mobility between countries and facilitating their lifelong learning. The EQF aims to relate different countries' national qualifications systems to a common European reference framework. Individuals and employers will be able to use the EQF to better understand and compare the qualifications levels of different countries and different education and training systems. Since 2012, all new qualifications issued in Europe carry a reference to an appropriate EQF level. Context_4 : In economics, fragmentation means organization of production in which different stages of production are divided among different suppliers that are located in different countries. Now products traded between firms in different countries are components instead of final products. Final products may be sold to outside the region in which fragmentation happens (East Asian countries often sell their final products to Europe and the USA for example). Producers in less developed countries get positions of production chain that add less value to final product. Their challenge is to "climb upwards" on transnational production chain. Production chains are often vertical hierarchies in which big multinational companies may be those who sell final products and set production standards for "lesser" producers. This kind of fragmentation is an important part of contemporary globalisation. Context_5 : Conradina is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. Its common name is false rosemary, or rarely, short leaf rosemary. There are 7 species of "Conradina", all native to the southeastern United States. "Conradina verticillata" grows on the Cumberland Plateau in Kentucky and Tennessee. The other five grow mainly in Florida. All of the species are closely related and there is some doubt about whether they are all separate. Most species occupy xeric habitats with well-drained soils composed of white sand. The genus "Conradina" was established by Asa Gray in 1870. It was named for the American botanist Solomon White Conrad. Context_6 : Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG) is a classification defined by the United Nations Statistics Division. These functions are designed to be general enough to apply to the government of different countries. The accounts of each country in the United Nations are presented under these categories. The value of this is that the accounts of different countries can be compared. Context_7 : Beirut Marathon is an annual event that takes place in Beirut. The first ever BIM was held on October 19, 2003 and attracted over 6,000 runners from 49 different countries and tens of thousands of spectators in Lebanon and around the world. These numbers increased every year which became 32.000 runners in BLOM Beirut Marathon 2009 from 71 different countries, and over 37000 runners in 2014. Context_8 : Street Fighter (ストリートファイター , Sutorīto Faitā ) , commonly abbreviated as "SF" or スト ("Suto"), is a fighting video game franchise developed and published by Capcom. The second game in the series is credited with establishing many of the conventions of the one-on-one fighting genre. The game's playable characters originate from different countries around the world, each with a unique fighting style. It is Capcom's third best-selling franchise behind "Resident Evil" and "Monster Hunter", having sold 39 million copies worldwide. The first game in the series was released in 1987, since then, five other main series games, as well as various spin-offs and crossovers, have been released. Context_9 : Comparative research is a research methodology in the social sciences that aims to make comparisons across different countries or cultures. A major problem in comparative research is that the data sets in different countries may not use the same categories, or define categories differently (for example by using different definitions of poverty). Context_10 : Peter Martin Anker (21 March 1903 – 7 January 1977) was a Norwegian diplomat. He worked for the League of Nations, Red Cross and United Nations before, during and after the Second World War. He was then an ambassador in different European, Asian and African countries from 1951 to 1973. He was stationed in six different countries, but with side responsibilities for other countries, he was an ambassador in fifteen different countries during his career (with Austria counted twice). fact_1 : Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia. fact_2 : There are 7 species of "Conradina", all native to the southeastern United States. Question: Do Barbarea and Conradina originate from different countries?
| yes
| 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : The Ordinary Boys are an English indie rock band from Worthing, West Sussex. Originally a hardcore outfit named Next in Line, they are influenced by punk rock and Britpop music, as well as the bands The Clash, The Specials, The Jam, The Kinks and The Smiths. Their name derives from a Morrissey song, "The Ordinary Boys". The membership of the band that originally split up in 2008 consisted of founding members Samuel Preston (vocals, rhythm guitar) – generally known simply by his surname "Preston", William Brown (lead guitar), James Gregory (bass), plus Simon Goldring (drums) who had replaced Charlie "Chuck" Stanley in 2005. Context_2 : The American rock band Paramore has released five studio albums, three extended plays, two live albums, eighteen singles, one video album, and nineteen music videos. The band was formed in Franklin, Tennessee, in 2004 by lead vocalist Hayley Williams with guitarists Josh Farro and Taylor York, bassist Jeremy Davis, and drummer Zac Farro. In 2005, Paramore signed with the New York City-based Fueled by Ramen and released their debut album entitled "All We Know Is Falling". Three singles were released from the album, but none of them charted. The album did not chart in the "Billboard" 200 either, although it peaked at number thirty in the "Billboard" Top Heatseekers. "All We Know Is Falling" received Gold certification in the United Kingdom and in July 2014 the RIAA certified the album Gold in the United States. Context_3 : "The Only Exception" is a song by American rock band Paramore. It was released by Fueled by Ramen in February 2010 as the third single from the band's third studio album, "Brand New Eyes" (2009). The song was written by band members Hayley Williams and Josh Farro; Paramore is also credited as being co-producers to the song. The song was generally well received by music critics; praise of the song was mainly about Williams' vocal performance. Music critics reviewing the song noted that "The Only Exception" was a different musical theme for the band. Context_4 : "Ignorance" is a song by American rock band Paramore. It was released in July 7, 2009 as the lead single from the band's third studio album, "Brand New Eyes" (2009). The song impacted radio on July 28. The song was written by band's members Hayley Williams and Josh Farro, although Paramore is credited as being co-writers of the song. The track, recorded in early 2009, was the first song to be written for the album. Context_5 : Hayley Nichole Williams (born December 27, 1988) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. She serves as the lead vocalist, primary songwriter and occasional keyboardist of the rock band Paramore. The band was formed in 2004 by Josh Farro, Zac Farro, Jeremy Davis and Williams. The band consists of Hayley Williams, Zac Farro and Taylor York. The band has five studio albums: "All We Know Is Falling" (2005), "Riot!" (2007), "Brand New Eyes" (2009), "Paramore" (2013) and "After Laughter" (2017). Context_6 : "Ain't It Fun" is a song by American rock band Paramore, released as the fourth and final single from their self-titled fourth studio album "Paramore" (2013). Produced by musician Justin Meldal-Johnsen, the song was recorded in Los Angeles. Development for it began with a keyboard loop recorded by its guitarist, Taylor York. Instruments including xylophone and bass guitar were later brought, along with a six-member gospel choir. York and the band's vocalist, Hayley Williams, wrote the song based on her experience of relocating and the latter's subsequent attitude. Context_7 : "Now" is a song by American rock band Paramore. It was released on January 22, 2013 as the first single from their fourth album, the self-titled "Paramore". The song impacted radio on January 29, 2013. It is their first single in an album to not feature former band members Josh and Zac Farro since their departure in 2010. "Now" received acclaim from music critics, with reviewers praising its production, lyrical content, and Hayley Williams' vocal delivery on the track. The single achieved moderate commercial success, ranking within the top 20 of Billboard's Hot Rock Songs and Alternative Songs. Context_8 : Samuel Dylan Murray Preston (16 January 1982) more commonly known as Preston, is an English singer, best known for being the lead singer of The Ordinary Boys. He also appeared in the reality television show "Celebrity Big Brother" in 2006, in which he finished fourth. After The Ordinary Boys split in 2008, he embarked on a songwriting career. In 2013 he officially reunited The Ordinary Boys and in 2015 they released their self-titled comeback album. Context_9 : American rock band Paramore have recorded songs for five studio albums, a box set, an extended play and two soundtrack albums. In 2002, at age 13, vocalist Hayley Williams moved to Franklin, Tennessee, where she met brothers Josh Farro and Zac Farro. The band was officially formed by Josh Farro (lead guitar and backing vocals), Zac Farro (drums), Jeremy Davis (bass guitar) and Williams (lead vocals) in 2004, with the later addition of Williams' neighbor Jason Bynum (rhythm guitar). In 2005, Paramore signed with the New York City-based Fueled by Ramen and released their debut album entitled "All We Know Is Falling" that year. Three singles were released to promote the album. Context_10 : "Decode" is a song by American rock band Paramore for the soundtrack of the 2008 romantic fantasy film "Twilight". It was written by group members Hayley Williams, Josh Farro, and Taylor York. The song was first made available October 1, 2008 through "Twilight" author Stephanie Meyer's website. "Decode" was promoted to American modern rock radio by Fueled by Ramen and impacted on October 21, 2008, serving as the soundtrack's lead single. It is also included as a bonus track on the international version of Paramore's third studio album, "Brand New Eyes" (2009). fact_1 : She serves as the lead vocalist, primary songwriter and occasional keyboardist of the rock band Paramore. fact_2 : Samuel Dylan Murray Preston (16 January 1982) more commonly known as Preston, is an English singer, best known for being the lead singer of The Ordinary Boys. Question: Are Hayley Williams of the band Paramore and Preston of the band The Ordinary Boys both lead singers?
Ex Output:
yes
Ex Input:
Context_1 : A Mimosa is a cocktail composed of equal parts champagne (or other sparkling wine) and chilled citrus juice, usually orange juice unless otherwise specified (e.g., a grapefruit juice mimosa). It is traditionally served in a tall champagne flute at brunch, at weddings, or as part of first class service on some passenger railways and airlines. Context_2 : A Whisky Macdonald more commonly known under the shortened name Whisky Mac is a cocktail made up of whisky and ginger wine. The whisky is expected to be a Scotch whisky, usually a blended type. The ginger wine should be green ginger wine. Recipes vary from those having equal parts of each ingredient to those that use a ratio of 3 to 2 of whisky to wine. Context_3 : Ginger wine is a fortified wine made from a fermented blend of ground ginger root and raisins which was first produced in England. It is often fortified by being blended with brandy (especially cognac). Ginger wine can be drunk with ice ("on the rocks"), or without ice (either "neat" or "straight up"), and is frequently used as an ingredient—along with whisky (typically a blended Scotch whisky)—in a "Whisky Mac" (the shortened form of "Whisky Macdonald"). Ginger wine can also be served mixed with other beverages, such as lemonade, ginger ale, bitter lemon or diluted with water. Ginger wine is traditionally sold in green glass bottles, although the word "green" may or may not appear on the label. fact_1 : A Mimosa is a cocktail composed of equal parts champagne (or other sparkling wine) and chilled citrus juice, usually orange juice unless otherwise specified (e.g., a grapefruit juice mimosa). fact_2 : A Whisky Macdonald more commonly known under the shortened name Whisky Mac is a cocktail made up of whisky and ginger wine. Question: Mimosa and Whisky Mac are both what?
Ex Output:
cocktail
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Atlantis Casino Resort Spa (formerly Golden Road Motor Inn, Travelodge, Quality Inn and Clarion) is a hotel and casino located in Reno, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. (NASDAQ: MCRI ). The three hotel towers have combined 824 guest rooms and Jacuzzi suites. The casino floor spans 64,814 sq ft and is one of Reno's most profitable and luxurious properties. Nearly $150 million has been spent on upgrading the facility. Atlantis competes directly with Peppermill Hotel Casino for customers. Context_2 : Treasure Island Hotel & Casino (also known as "TI") is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, USA with 2,664 rooms and 220 suites, and is connected by tram to The Mirage as well as pedestrian bridge to the Fashion Show Mall shopping center. Since March 2009, TI is owned and operated by Phil Ruffin. Context_3 : The Transformers Experience is a forthcoming Las Vegas attraction based on the Transformers toy, film, comic book, and animated series franchise. It is currently under construction as part of the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino, and is set to open in 2016. Context_4 : Borgata Hotel Casino & Spa is a hotel, casino, and spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. The casino hotel features 2,002 rooms and is the largest hotel in New Jersey. Borgata opened in July 2003 and is the top-grossing casino in Atlantic City. Context_5 : Odawa Casino Resort is a Northern Michigan casino resort. Located in Resort Township near Petoskey, Michigan, the casino opened for business on June 20, 2007. It is owned and operated by the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians. The resort replaced Victories Casino in 2007, which had served as the tribe's casino until the new resort was opened. In addition to gaming, Odawa Casino Resort features multiple restaurants and retail outlets, a concert venue (Ovation Hall), a nightclub (The O Zone Nightclub), and a circular lounge bar in the middle of the gaming floor (Rendezvous). The resort also includes a AAA Diamond rated Hotel. Full shuttle transportation is available to all resort guests. Odawa Casino Resort is open to guests of all ages, however, the casino's gaming floor and the O Zone Nightclub are restricted to those of age 21 and older. Starting in 2011, the minimum gaming age at Odawa Casino Resort has been approved to be lowered to 19 years old. Context_6 : The Palazzo is a luxury hotel and casino resort located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is the tallest completed building in Nevada. Designed by the Dallas based HKS, Inc., the hotel offers luxury in an Italian Renaissance ambiance. The hotel and casino are part of a larger complex (operated as one hotel) comprising the adjoining Venetian Resort and Casino and the Sands Convention Center, all of which are owned and operated by the Las Vegas Sands Corporation. Context_7 : FireKeepers Casino Hotel is a 236000 sqft casino and hotel in Emmett Charter Township, Michigan, between Battle Creek and Marshall. It is owned and operated by the Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi. Construction began May 7, 2008, and the casino opened to the general public on August 5, 2009. Construction was a joint venture between Shingobee Builders and Clark Construction. The hotel and other additions opened in December 2012. Context_8 : Jackpot Junction Casino Hotel is a casino and hotel complex located on the Lower Sioux Indian Reservation located along the southern bank of the Minnesota River in Redwood County, Minnesota, just south of the city of Morton. The 325000 sqft casino is owned and operated by the Lower Sioux Indian Community. Lodging includes a 379-room hotel and a 40 space recreational vehicle park. In addition to the casino, there are several restaurants, a convention center, a Rees Jones-designed golf course, and four live entertainment venues. The hotel recently completed a construction project that added 101 hotel rooms to the southern end of the property. Context_9 : Clarion Hotel and Casino, formerly known as Debbie Reynolds' Hollywood Hotel and Greek Isles Hotel & Casino, was near the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The hotel originally opened in 1970 as a Royal Inn, and also operated under the names Royal Americana Hotel and The Paddlewheel Hotel Casino before being purchased by Debbie Reynolds in 1992. After Reynolds sold the property in 1999, it was briefly owned by the World Wrestling Federation, and was then sold and remodeled as the Greek Isles. Context_10 : The Gold Coast Hotel & Casino is a hotel and casino located in Paradise, Nevada. This locals' casino is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming. The Gold Coast is located one mile (1.6 km) west of the Las Vegas Strip on West Flamingo Road. It is located across the street from the Palms Casino Resort and the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino. fact_1 : The Transformers Experience is a forthcoming Las Vegas attraction based on the Transformers toy, film, comic book, and animated series franchise. fact_2 : It is currently under construction as part of the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino, and is set to open in 2016. fact_3 : Treasure Island Hotel & Casino (also known as "TI") is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, USA with 2,664 rooms and 220 suites, and is connected by tram to The Mirage as well as pedestrian bridge to the Fashion Show Mall shopping center. fact_4 : Since March 2009, TI is owned and operated by Phil Ruffin. Question: The Transformers Experience is currently under construction as part of a hotel and casino that since 2009 has been owned and operated by who?
Ex Output:
| Phil Ruffin
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example is below.
Q: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
A: 1874May
Rationale: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : James Burke (born James Conway), also known as Jimmy the Gent, and The Irishman (July 5, 1931 – April 13, 1996), was an American gangster and Lucchese crime family associate who is believed to have organized the 1978 Lufthansa heist, then the most lucrative cash theft in American history, and also believed to have either committed or orchestrated the murders of many of those involved in the months following. He is the father of small-time mobster and Lufthansa heist suspect, Frankie Burke, as well as of Jesse James Burke, Catherine Burke (who married Bonanno crime family member Anthony Indelicato in 1992), and another daughter Robin Burke. Context_2 : Henry Hill, Jr. (June 11, 1943 – June 12, 2012) was a New York City mobster. Between 1955 and 1980, Hill was associated with the Lucchese crime family. In 1980, Hill became an FBI informant, and his testimony helped secure 50 convictions, including those of mob capo (captain) Paul Vario and James Burke on multiple charges. Context_3 : Aniello "Neil" Migliore (born October 2, 1933) is a New York City mobster, and acting leader of the Lucchese crime family. Migliore was a close associate of family bosses Gaetano "Tommy" Lucchese and Anthony "Tony Ducks" Corallo. Context_4 : Alphonse "Little Al" D'Arco (born July 28, 1932), also known as "The Professor", is a New York mobster who became the acting boss of the Lucchese crime family. He was the first boss, acting or otherwise, of a New York crime family to become a government witness. Context_5 : The Lucchese crime family's New Jersey faction, also known as The Jersey Crew, is a powerful faction within the Lucchese crime family. The faction operates throughout the Northern New Jersey area. During the 1970s into the late 1980s, the faction was led by Anthony Accetturo and his protégé Michael Taccetta. In 1987, Victor Amuso took over the family and began demanding a higher percentage of tribute from the faction. Accetturo refused and a war erupted between the New Jersey faction and the New York faction. This left brothers Michael and Martin Taccetta in charge of the faction as they tried to have Accetturo and his family murdered. In 1993, Accetturo defected and became a government witness. He helped convict Michael and Martin Taccetta. Today the faction is controlled by Ralph Perna. Context_6 : Tommaso "Tommy" Gagliano (May 29, 1883 − February 16, 1951) was an American mobster and boss of the Lucchese crime family, one of the "Five Families" of New York City. He served as a low-profile boss for over two decades. His successor was his longtime loyalist and underboss, Gaetano "Tommy" Lucchese. Context_7 : Anthony Salvatore "Gaspipe" Casso (born May 21, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an Italian-American mobster and former underboss of the Lucchese crime family. During his career in organized crime, Casso was regarded as a "homicidal maniac" in the American Mafia, single-handedly killing over 40 to 50 people, and ordering as many as 100 or more murders. Former Lucchese captain and government witness Anthony Accetturo once said of Casso, "all he wanted to do is kill, kill, get what you can, even if you didn't earn it." In interviews and on the witness stand, Casso has confessed involvement in the murders of Frank DeCicco, Roy DeMeo, and Vladimir Reznikov. Casso has also admitted to several attempts to murder Gambino family boss John Gotti. Context_8 : Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family (ISBN ) is a 1986 non-fiction book by crime reporter Nicholas Pileggi that chronicles the story of Mafia mobster-turned-informant Henry Hill. The book is the basis for the 1990 Academy Award-winning film "Goodfellas" directed by Martin Scorsese. Context_9 : Tony Lip (born Frank Anthony Vallelonga; July 30, 1930January 4, 2013) was an American actor and occasional author, best known for his portrayal of crime boss Carmine Lupertazzi in the HBO series "The Sopranos". He portrayed real-life Bonanno crime family mobster Philip Giaccone, in "Donnie Brasco", and real-life Lucchese crime family mobster Francesco Manzo, in "Goodfellas". It was at the Copacabana Nightclub where he first met Francis Ford Coppola and Louis DiGiamo, leading to his film debut in "The Godfather" but in a very small role. He also co-wrote his own book in 2005 named "Shut Up And Eat!" Context_10 : Louis Facciolo also known as "Louie" (born 1941 in Canarsie, Brooklyn) was a Gambino crime family mob associate who served under capo Leonard DiMaria and brother of Lucchese crime family mobster Bruno Facciolo who shot to fame when it became known that he was murdered by the NYPD "mafia cops". fact_1 : Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family (ISBN ) is a 1986 non-fiction book by crime reporter Nicholas Pileggi that chronicles the story of Mafia mobster-turned-informant Henry Hill. fact_2 : The book is the basis for the 1990 Academy Award-winning film "Goodfellas" directed by Martin Scorsese. fact_3 : Henry Hill, Jr. (June 11, 1943 – June 12, 2012) was a New York City mobster. fact_4 : In 1980, Hill became an FBI informant, and his testimony helped secure 50 convictions, including those of mob capo (captain) Paul Vario and James Burke on multiple charges. Question: What film was based off a book that chronicled the story of a mobster born June 11, 1943 that was associated with the Lucchese crime family?
A: | Goodfellas | 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : George Kelly Scott (born December 20, 1966 in Liberia), earlier George Cramne, is a retired Swedish professional boxer of Liberian descent. He won the Swedish championship five years in a row, took a silver medal in the Olympic games in Seoul 1988. He became a pro boxer and trained for the legendary Angelo Dundee and won the world champion belt for WBU. He never lost his belt in the ring but because of disagreement with his manager and the title was taken from him. Context_2 : Gomeo Brennan ( (1939--) 17 1939 (age (2017)-(1939)-((11)<(01)or(11)==(01)and(30)<(17)) ) ) born in Bimini is a Bahamian professional welter/light middle/middle/super middle/light heavyweight boxer of the 1950s, '60s and '70s who won the Commonwealth middleweight title (twice), and was a challenger for the World Boxing Association (WBA) World light heavyweight title against Vicente Rondón, his professional fighting weight varied from 146 lb , i.e. welterweight to 174 lb , i.e. light heavyweight. Gomeo Brennan fought out of the Fifth Street Gym in Miami Beach, Florida, he was trained by Angelo Dundee, and managed by Chris Dundee, he was inducted into the Florida Boxing Hall of Fame in 2010. Context_3 : Ronald Arthur "Ron" Silver (July 2, 1946 – March 15, 2009) was an American actor, director, producer, radio host, and political activist. He played Henry Kissinger, Alan M. Dershowitz and Angelo Dundee on the screen and supported Bill Clinton, Rudolph Giuliani and George W. Bush in the wake of the September 11 attacks. He was awarded a Tony in 1988 for Best Actor for "Speed-the-Plow," a satirical dissection of the American movie business. Context_4 : Carmen Basilio (Born Carmine Basilio, April 2, 1927 – November 7, 2012) was an Italian-American professional boxer who was the world champion in both the Welterweight and Middleweight divisions. He is also famous for defeating the great Sugar Ray Robinson to take the Middleweight title. An iron chinned pressure fighter, Basilio was a combination puncher, not a power hitter. He had great stamina, and eventually wore many of his opponents down with vicious attacks to the head and body. Context_5 : Life Is a Dream (Spanish: "La vida es sueño" ] ) is a Spanish-language play by Pedro Calderón de la Barca. First published in 1635 (or possibly in early 1636), it is a philosophical allegory regarding the human situation and the mystery of life. The play has been described as "the supreme example of Spanish Golden Age drama". The story focuses on the fictional Segismundo, Prince of Poland, who has been imprisoned in a tower by his father, King Basilio, following a dire prophecy that the prince would bring disaster to the country and death to the King. Basilio briefly frees Segismundo, but when the prince goes on a rampage, the king imprisons him again, persuading him that it was all a dream. Context_6 : The 5th Street Gym is a boxing gym in Miami Beach, Florida, and the site of a historic run of championship fighters who trained there from the early 1950s until today. The gym was dormant from 1992-2009 due to Chris Dundee and Angelo Dundee's retirement. In 2009 the gym re-opened at the original location with Angelo Dundee, Tom Tsatas and Dino Spencer. It has relocated to 1434 Alton Rd. due to CVS taking over. Context_7 : Vinnie Curto (born July 10, 1955 in East Boston) is a retired American professional boxer in the Super Middleweight division. Curto was managed by actor Sylvester Stallone and trained by Angelo Dundee. Context_8 : The Bassegli or Basilio was a Ragusan noble family. It originated from Cattaro (Kotor), and seems to have been related to the Drago family, as the founder of all Basilio was Basilius Dragonis (fl. 1266–70). The Ragusan branch of the family was founded by Basilius de Basilio who was mentioned in a document dated 1314. The family was also involved in sea trade. Tomo Bassegli (1756–1806), the Englightener, envisaged a South Slavic country. After 1808, with the French occupation and division of the Ragusan nobility into two groups, the family joined the Salamancanists, along with the Benessa, Bonda, Buća, Giorgi-Bona, Gradi, Ragnina, Resti and Tudisi, while Gondola, Palmotta, Proculo were Sorbonnists; the rest of Ragusan nobility had branches, more or less, in both groups. Context_9 : Angelo Dundee (born Angelo Mirena; August 30, 1921February 1, 2012) was an American boxing trainer and cornerman. Best known for his work with Muhammad Ali (1960–1981), he also worked with 15 other world boxing champions, including Sugar Ray Leonard, José Nápoles, George Foreman, George Scott, Jimmy Ellis, Carmen Basilio, Luis Manuel Rodríguez and Willie Pastrano. Context_10 : Spain was represented by Paloma San Basilio at the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, held in Gothenburg, Sweden. San Basilio was selected internally by Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE), the Spanish broadcaster, to represent the country at the contest in Sweden with the song "La fiesta terminó". fact_1 : Angelo Dundee (born Angelo Mirena; August 30, 1921February 1, 2012) was an American boxing trainer and cornerman. fact_2 : Carmen Basilio (Born Carmine Basilio, April 2, 1927 – November 7, 2012) was an Italian-American professional boxer who was the world champion in both the Welterweight and Middleweight divisions. Question: What country of origin does Angelo Dundee and Carmen Basilio have in common?
Answer: | American | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Dil Tera Aashiq (Hindi: दिल तेरा आशिक़ , Urdu: , English: Heart is your lover ) is an Indian Bollywood film directed by Lawrence D'Souza. The film stars Salman Khan and Madhuri Dixit in pivotal roles. The film released on 22nd October 1993 along with another Salman Khan starer 'Chandramukhi'. Context_2 : The Clockmakers' Museum in London, England is a collection of clocks, watches and other horological items which belongs to the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers, which is one of the City of London Livery Companies. Until October 2014 it was housed in a gallery at the Guildhall and admission was free. On 22nd October 2015 the new display of the collection was officially opened by Princess Anne at the Science Museum in London, where it can be seen on the second floor. Admission remains free. Context_3 : Barbie: Princess Charm School is a 2011 direct-to-DVD computer-animated film, directed by Zeke Norton, which was released on September 13, 2011 in the US and on August 28 in the UK. The film debuted on TV on the 22nd October 2011, when it was shown on Nick Jr at 5pm. Context_4 : Valeria Golino (born 22 October 1965) is an Italian actress and director. She is best known to English-language audiences for her roles in "Rain Man", "Big Top Pee-wee" and the "Hot Shots!" films. In addition to David di Donatello, Silver Ribbon, Golden Ciak and Italian Golden Globe awards, she is also one of the three actresses who has won the Best Actress award at the Venice Film Festival twice. Context_5 : Rain Man is a 1988 American road comedy-drama film directed by Barry Levinson and written by Barry Morrow and Ronald Bass. It tells the story of an abrasive, selfish young wheeler-dealer, Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise), who discovers that his estranged father has died and bequeathed all of his multimillion-dollar estate to his other son, Raymond (Dustin Hoffman), an autistic savant, of whose existence Charlie was unaware. Charlie is left with only his father's car and collection of rose bushes. In addition to the two leads, Valeria Golino stars as Charlie's girlfriend, Susanna. Context_6 : Indane, is a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) brand developed and owned by Indian Oil Corporation in India. It is the world's second largest LPG marketer. The brand was conceived in 1964 to bring modern cooking to Indian kitchens. The first Indane LPG connection was released on 22nd October, 1965 at Kolkata. Indane serves more than 90 million families through a network of 9100 distributors. 27% of its customers reside in semi-urban or rural markets and every second LPG cooking gas connection in India is that of Indane. The sales network is backed by 45 Indane Area Offices. The brand has been awarded the title of "Superbrand" by Superbrand India. Context_7 : Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI) is a wholly owned Enterprise of Government of India under the administrative control of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) incorporated on 22nd October 2003 as Public Limited Company under the companies act, 1956 with the objective of constructing and commissioning the first 500 MWe Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) at Kalpakkam in Tamilnadu and to pursue construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance of subsequent Fast Breeder Reactors for generation of electricity in pursuance of the schemes and programmes of Government of India under the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act,1962. Context_8 : Fabiana Udenio (born December 21, 1964) is an Italian actress born in Argentina. She is best known for her role as "Alotta Fagina", a Bond girl parody in "". Context_9 : During the Spanish State, "caudillo" Francisco Franco he created the Regency Council on 26 July 1947 and became its president. This allowed Franco to hold this office as regent, until he appointed a successor to restore the kingdom of Spain. Following his visit to Portugal, from the 22nd October 1949 to 27 October 1949 several politicians became regent across this period. Later, following Franco's illness, the future king of Spain Juan Carlos was chosen as Franco's designated successor and became acting head of state from 19 July 1974 till 2 September 1974. Soon after this appointment, Franco died on 20 November 1975 and he became King of Spain a couple of days later on 22 November 1975 and reigned until his abdication on 19 June 2014. Context_10 : The 2010 Zing Trofeo Abarth 500 GB season was the inaugural edition of the series. It began at Oulton Park on 5 April and finished after seven events at Autodromo Nazionale Monza on 24 October. The championship was won by Ben Winrow, driving for Team Pyro. The team title was won by Mardigras motorsport. The championship was organised and managed by the company CTC (calleatechcenter) Ltd. The series was launched on the 22nd October in Silverstone, where six 500 AC (assetto corsa) race cars were presented to the press and competitors. The championship was contested over seven rounds, each composed by two races. The championship calendar was composed by different events: British GT, Formula 2, British superbike, Lotus festival, DTM, Silverstone Classic and the Italian Ferrari Challenge. The permit holder was MSVR. The manager of the series was Paolo Callea, previous British GT manager. fact_1 : Valeria Golino (born 22 October 1965) is an Italian actress and director. fact_2 : In addition to the two leads, Valeria Golino stars as Charlie's girlfriend, Susanna. Question: What role did the Italian actress born 22nd October 1965 have in the film Rain Man
| Solution: Susanna | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The University of Oslo (Norwegian: "Universitetet i Oslo" ), until 1939 named the Royal Frederick University (Norwegian: "Det Kongelige Frederiks Universitet" ), is the oldest university in Norway, located in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. Until 1 January 2016 it was the largest Norwegian institution of higher education in terms of size, now surpassed only by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The Academic Ranking of World Universities has ranked it the 58th best university in the world and the third best in the Nordic countries. In 2015, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked it the 135th best university in the world and the seventh best in the Nordics. While in its 2016, Top 200 Rankings of European universities, the Times Higher Education listed the University of Oslo at 63rd, making it the highest ranked Norwegian university. Context_2 : Zameer Uddin Shah (born 15 August 1948) is a retired Indian Army general. He is an alumnus of St Joseph’s College, Nainital. He last served as the Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Planning & Systems), Indian Army. After retirement, he served for some time as an administrative member on the bench of the Armed Forces Tribunal. He is the Ex Vice-Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University. He assumed the appointment of Vice-Chancellor, Aligarh Muslim University on 17 May 2012 and his term ended on 16th May 2017. The Vice- Chancellor, despite having spent more than 40 years in the Army, has had considerable experience in the fields of education, judiciary and diplomacy. He is the former Vice-Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University who had promised AMU to make it the no. 1 university of the country by the end of his 5 year tenure. He lived up to his promise as AMU has been ranked as the no. 1 university of India by The Times Higher Education Ranking dated Sept 2017. He was highly speculated to be the vice president of India in 2017. Context_3 : Sambell was educated at Melbourne High School and the University of Melbourne. He was ordained in 1940. He began his ordained ministry as an army chaplain, after which he was director of the Melbourne Diocesan Centre and Archdeacon of Essendon. He was Bishop Coadjutor of Diocese from 1962 to 1969 when he was elected Archbishop of Perth and Metropolitan of Western Australia, posts he held to his death. Context_4 : Ming Chuan University (MCU; ) is a selective, private university in Shilin District, Taipei, Taiwan, accredited in the United States of America. Ming Chuan University was ranked 301+ in QS Top 400 Asia Universities Ranking 2012/2013 and positioned 801+ in 2017 by Times Higher Education ranking. It was founded by Pao Teh-Ming (包德明) and her husband Lee Ying-Chao. The university was named after the progressive Qing Dynasty governor of Taiwan Liu Mingchuan. Context_5 : The University of Melbourne (informally Melbourne University) is a public research university located in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria. Times Higher Education ranks Melbourne as 33rd in the world, while the Academic Ranking of World Universities places Melbourne 40th in the world (both first in Australia). Context_6 : Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, (abbreviated UTAR; Simplified Chinese: 拉曼大学; Traditional Chinese: 拉曼大學; pinyin: Lāmàn Dàxué) is a not-for-profit, comprehensive, private university in Malaysia. UTAR is one of the prestigious private universities in Malaysia, ranked top 120 in Times Higher Education Asia University Rankings 2017 top 150 in Times Higher Education Young University Rankings 2017, and ranked =14 by the Times Higher Education Young University Rankings 2017: Millennial Universities. It was established in June 2002 under a foundation called UTAR Education Foundation, a non-profit organisation. The university consists of nine faculties, three institutes, three centres and 28 research centres. Context_7 : The Autonomous University of Madrid (Spanish: "Universidad Autónoma de Madrid" ; informally "La Autónoma"), commonly known by the Spanish acronym UAM, is a Spanish public university established in 1968. It is located in northern Madrid; its main campus, Cantoblanco, is located near the cities of Alcobendas, San Sebastián de los Reyes and Tres Cantos. Throughout its history, UAM has been one of Spain's most prominent higher education institutions, being ranked first amongst Spanish universities by the El Mundo University Supplement (known as "Las 50 Carreras"), by The Times Higher Education Supplement, and by the Academic Ranking of World Universities yearly published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. For the subject "Mathematics" the university was ranked within top 51-75 universities in the world (within top 12 in Europe). In the "Times Higher Education 100 Under 50 University Rankings", the University achieved 49th position globally in 2012. In another similar ranking "QS Top 50 Under 50" by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), the Autonomous University of Madrid recently achieved 9th place in international comparison. Its Faculty of Law is the most prestigious one in Spain. It is the Spanish university with the most researchers among the most cited according to the Thomson Reuters ranking citation in 2011. Context_8 : Third-level education in the Republic of Ireland includes all education after second-level, encompassing higher education in universities and colleges and further education on Post Leaving Certificate (PLC) and other courses. The degree-awarding authorities approved by the Government of Ireland, which can grant awards at all academic levels, are University of Dublin, National University of Ireland (Cork, Dublin, Galway and Maynooth), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin City University, Dublin Institute of Technology, Higher Education and Training Awards Council, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth (Pontifical University), and University of Limerick. The King's Inns of Dublin has a limited role in education specialising in the preparation of candidates for the degree of barrister-at-law to practice as barristers. Medical schools in Ireland also have particular regulation. There were seven establishments of higher education within the Republic of Ireland ranked among the top 500 universities worldwide by the "Times Higher Education Supplement" in 2008. Context_9 : Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by "Times Higher Education (THE)" magazine. The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) to publish the joint "THE–QS World University Rankings" from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system. The publication now comprises the world's overall, subject, and reputation rankings, alongside three regional league tables, "Asia", "Latin America", and "BRICS & Emerging Economies" which are generated by consistent methodology. It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with "Academic Ranking of World Universities" and "QS World University Rankings". It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms. Context_10 : QS World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS). Previously known as "Times Higher Education–QS World University Rankings", the publisher had collaborated with "Times Higher Education magazine" ("THE") to publish its international league tables from 2004 to 2009 before both started to announce their own versions. QS then chose to still use the pre-existing methodology while "Times Higher Education" adopted a new methodology. The QS system now comprises the global overall and subject rankings (which name the world's top universities for the study of 46 different subjects and five composite faculty areas), alongside five independent regional tables (Asia, Latin America, Emerging Europe and Central Asia, the Arab Region, and BRICS). It is the only international ranking to have received International Ranking Expert Group (IREG) approval, and is viewed as one of the most widely read of its kind, along with "Academic Ranking of World Universities" and "Times Higher Education World University Rankings". However, allocating undue weight to subjective indicators and having highly fluctuating results are its major criticisms. fact_1 : Sambell was educated at Melbourne High School and the University of Melbourne. fact_2 : Times Higher Education ranks Melbourne as 33rd in the world, while the Academic Ranking of World Universities places Melbourne 40th in the world (both first in Australia). Question: What is the Times Higher Education ranking for the university where Geoffrey Samuel graduated?
| Solution: 33rd in the world | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : Along With The Gods – Part 1 () is an upcoming South Korean fantasy drama film based on a webcomic of the same name. The film will be released in two parts, and stars Ha Jung-woo, Cha Tae-hyun, Ju Ji-hoon, Lee Jung-jae, Do Kyung-soo and Kim Hyang-gi. The first part of the film will be released on December 20, 2017. Context_2 : Janet Ruth Montgomery (born 29 October 1985) is an English film and TV actress. She is known for her role as Ames in the second season of Fox's "Human Target", and also for her appearances in "The Hills Run Red" and "", as well as her role as Eric Murphy's assistant Jennie in HBO's "Entourage". She recently played protagonist Martina Garretti in the short-lived "Made in Jersey". From 2014 to 2017, she starred as the lead character, Mary Sibley, in the WGN America series, "Salem". She is also known for her role as the mother of Gardner Elliot, Sarah Elliot in the 2017 film "The Space Between Us". Context_3 : Snowy Road () is a 2015 South Korean historical drama film directed by Lee Na-jeong Context_4 : Dhanish Karthik (born 24 July 1989) is an Indian actor. He made his debut as Sanjeev Menon in the Malayalam film "Ivide" (2015) directed by Shyamaprasad. He recently finished filming for the Bollywood film Chef (2017 film) with Saif Ali Khan. The film, directed by Raja Krishna Menon, is slated to release in July 2017. This will be Karthik's debut in Bollywood. Context_5 : Cherry Tomato () is a 2008 South Korean film starring Shin Goo and Kim Hyang-gi. The family drama, a directorial debut by Jung Young-bae, depicts the poverty-stricken life of an old man and his granddaughter that evokes a strong sense of sympathy and helplessness. It was screened at the Busan Children’s Film Festival in 2008. Context_6 : Thread of Lies (; lit. Elegant Lies) is a 2014 South Korean film based on the 2009 bestselling novel "Elegant Lies" by Kim Ryeo-ryeong. Directed by Lee Han, it starred Kim Hee-ae (in her first film in 21 years), Go Ah-sung, Kim Hyang-gi and Kim Yoo-jung. Context_7 : Kim Hyang-gi (born August 9, 2000) is a South Korean actress. Kim began her career as a child actress, and has starred in films and television series such as "Wedding Dress" (2010), "The Queen's Classroom" (2013), "Thread of Lies" (2014) and "Snowy Road" (2017). Context_8 : Jason Ian Drucker (born 2005 ) is an American child actor. He starred as Greg Heffley in the 2017 film "". He also played Tommy Miller, the youngest of the Miller Family, in Nickelodeon's "Every Witch Way". In 2018, he will co-star in the "Transformers" spin-off "Bumblebee". Context_9 : Nabab is a 2017 film directed by Joydeep Mukherjee and stars Bangladeshi film actor Shakib Khan. The film is an Indian-Bangladeshi joint venture produced by Abdul Aziz and Himanshu Dhanuka under the banner of Jaaz Multimedia and Eskay Movies. The story revolves around an intelligence agent from Bangladesh (Shakib Khan) tasked with a secret operation in West Bengal, India. The film also stars Subhasree Ganguly as Khan's love interest and features Sabyasachi Chakrabarty, Amit Hasan, Kharaj Mukherjee, and Aparajita Adhya in supporting roles. The soundtrack album and background score of the film was composed by Savvy Gupta and Akassh. The film was released on 26 June 2017 on the occasion of Eid in Bangladesh and will be released in India on 28 July 2017. Context_10 : T for Taj Mahal (2017 film) is an upcoming Bollywood feature film directed by 6-time President's National Award winning filmmaker Kireet Khurana and produced by Mumbai-based businessman and producer, Abis Rizvi. Rizvi was one of the victims of the terrorist attack in the Reina nightclub in Istanbul on 1 January 2017 in which 39 people were killed. The film is slated for a late 2017 release after making rounds at the international festival circuit. fact_1 : Kim Hyang-gi (born August 9, 2000) is a South Korean actress. fact_2 : Kim began her career as a child actress, and has starred in films and television series such as "Wedding Dress" (2010), "The Queen's Classroom" (2013), "Thread of Lies" (2014) and "Snowy Road" (2017). fact_3 : Snowy Road () is a 2015 South Korean historical drama film directed by Lee Na-jeong Question: Who directed the 2017 film in which Kim Hyang-gi starred?
answer:
Lee Najeong
question:
Context_1 : The Leukental is a valley in North Tyrol in the district of Kitzbühel in Austria. The Leukental runs north to south from the Thurn Pass to the Bavarian border, but is not just defined as the main valley but includes several smaller side valleys. The river flowing through the Leukental is known as the "Jochberger Ache" from its source at the Thurn Pass to Kitzbühel, then as the "Kitzbühler Ache" from Kitzbühel to St. Johann in Tirol and, from its confluence with the "Fieberbrunner Ache" near St. Johann in Tirol, as the "Großache". After leaving the Leukentals and Tyrol the river is known in Bavaria as the "Tiroler Ache" until it discharges into the Chiemsee lake, and its valley is known as the Achental. The parishes in the Leukental are: Jochberg, Aurach bei Kitzbühel, Kitzbühel, Oberndorf in Tirol, St. Johann in Tirol, Kirchdorf and Kössen. Context_2 : Boundary is a ghost town located in Stevens County, Washington, United States. The town was located near the Canada–US border and near the Columbia River. Boundary's peak years were during the 1890s. The population was around 900. The town started off as a railroad camp. When the railroad finally spanned the wild Pend Oreille with a bridge, the railroad workers quickly moved on leaving the town of Boundary deserted. The town contained the Boundary Hotel, post office, and general store. A town called "New Boundary" came into being south of the original townsite and the old town eventually vanished. Context_3 : The Ötztal is an alpine valley located in Tyrol, Austria. The Ötztaler Ache river flows through the valley in a northern direction. The Ötztal separates the Stubai Alps in the east from the Ötztal Alps in the west. The valley is 65 km (40 mi) long. The northern end of the valley is at the confluence of the Ötztaler Ache and Inn rivers, 8 km east of Imst and 50 km west of Innsbruck. The only railway station of the valley, Ötztal railway station, is located here and connects the Ötztal with the Arlberg railway (Innsbruck-Bludenz) and also a motorway interchange to the A12 (E60). Context_4 : Christoph Wahrstötter (born 10 October 1989) is an Austrian freestyle skier. He was born in Kitzbühel. He competed in ski cross at the World Ski Championships in 2013 (where he failed to qualify missing out by only 0.17 seconds) and 2017 (where he placed 5th), and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in ski-cross. Context_5 : Kitzbühel (] ) is a small medieval town situated along the river Kitzbuhler Ache in Tyrol, Austria and the administrative centre of the Kitzbühel district ("Bezirk"). It has a population of 8,134 (as of 1 January 2013). The town is situated in the Kitzbühel Alps about 100 km east of the state capital of Innsbruck. It is a ski resort of international renown. Context_6 : The Brixentaler Ache is a right tributary of the River Inn in Austria. It is located in the state of Tyrol and passes through the districts of Kitzbühel and Kufstein. The Brixentaler Ache ist one of the biggest tributaries of the Inn in the Tyrolean Unterland by catchment area (330.3 km²), but she is only 28 km long. Context_7 : The Kitzbühler Ache is a river in the Kitzbühel district, Tyrol, Austria. As Jochberger Ache it sources near Pass Thurn. Context_8 : A Town Called Bastard (also known as A Town Called Hell on DVD and blu-ray) is a 1971 British/Spanish international co-production spaghetti Western. The story concerns a vengeful widow (Stella Stevens) who returns to a small town presided over by a priest (Robert Shaw) and a sadistic Mexican outlaw (Telly Savalas). Violence erupts when a brutal army Colonel (Martin Landau) arrives in search of an elusive rebel leader. The film was retitled "A Town Called Hell" for US release as the word "bastard" was thought offensive.- Context_9 : The Niagara River ( ) is a river that flows north from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. It forms part of the border between the province of Ontario in Canada (on the west) and the state of New York in the United States (on the east). There are differing theories as to the origin of the river's name. According to Iroquoian scholar Bruce Trigger, "Niagara" is derived from the name given to a branch of the locally residing native Neutral Confederacy, who are described as being called the "Niagagarega" people on several late-17th-century French maps of the area. According to George R. Stewart, it comes from the name of an Iroquois town called "Ongniaahra", meaning "point of land cut in two". Context_10 : Article V of the TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, LIMITS, AND SETTLEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE UNITED MEXICAN STATES CONCLUDED AT GUADALUPE HIDALGO (known commonly as the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ) declared that the new boundary between the two republics of the United States and Mexico would lay "three leagues from land, opposite the mouth of the Rio Grande, otherwise called Rio Bravo del Norte, or Opposite the mouth of its deepest branch, if it should have more than one branch emptying directly into the sea; from thence up the middle of that river, following the deepest channel, where it has more than one, to the point where it strikes the southern boundary of New Mexico; thence, westwardly, along the whole southern boundary of New Mexico (which runs north of the town called Paso) to its western termination; thence, northward, along the western line of New Mexico, until it intersects the first branch of the river Gila; (or if it should not intersect any branch of that river, then to the point on the said line nearest to such branch, and thence in a direct line to the same); thence down the middle of the said branch and of the said river, until it empties into the Rio Colorado; thence across the Rio Colorado, following the division line between Upper and Lower California, to the Pacific Ocean. " It delineated the boundary through its text but wasn't written with much knowledge of the area's actually geography; A commissioner and surveyor from each country were appointed to precisely locate landmarks and accurately map the new border, relying on the treaty as their guide. fact_1 : He was born in Kitzbühel. fact_2 : Kitzbühel (] ) is a small medieval town situated along the river Kitzbuhler Ache in Tyrol, Austria and the administrative centre of the Kitzbühel district ("Bezirk"). Question: What is the town called alone the river Kitzbuhler ache in in Tyrol where Christoph Wahrstotter was born.
answer:
He was born in Kitzbühel.
question:
Context_1 : Royal Farms Arena (originally the Baltimore Civic Center and formerly Baltimore Arena) is an arena located in Baltimore. The arena is located about a block away from the Baltimore Convention Center on the corner of Baltimore Street and Hopkins Place; it is also only a short distance from the Inner Harbor. It seats 11,100 and can be expanded up to 14,000, depending upon the event. Context_2 : The Baltimore Blast are an American professional indoor soccer team based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The team is a part of the Major Arena Soccer League. Context_3 : Gary Stein is a sportscaster currently living in Baltimore, Maryland. He broadcasts for CBS Radio and Terrapin Sports Radio in Baltimore. He hosts the weekly Gary Stein Show, every Saturday on 105.7 the Fan. In addition, he hosts the Maryland Terrapins' Toyota Tailgate pre- and post-game show on ESPN Radio 1300 and Sports Radio 105.7 the Fan. During Ravens home games he serves as the press box public address announcer. Gary also does play-by-play for Baltimore Blast soccer on television, the radio, and webcasts. He has worked Blast games worldwide on Fox Soccer Channel, as well as locally on Maryland Public Television and WMAR TV. Stein serves as the play-by-play broadcaster for UMBC Retrievers Basketball and Lacrosse on the Retrievers Radio Network. Gary has worked as the sports anchor for "The Ed Norris Show", which airs on 105.7 The Fan in Baltimore. While working on "The Kirk and Mark Show" (prior to "The Ed Norris Show") Gary was given the nickname "The Hairy Back of Sports". Additionally, Gary also works for the NFL as the press box PA announcer at the Super Bowl. He has worked all Super Bowls from Super Bowl XXXIX through the most recent game, Super Bowl XLVII in New Orleans. Context_4 : The 2015–16 Baltimore Blast season is the twenty-fourth season of the Baltimore Blast professional indoor soccer club. The Blast, an Eastern Division team in the Major Arena Soccer League, play their home games at Royal Farms Arena in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. Context_5 : The 2008–09 National Indoor Soccer League is the inaugural season for the league and the 31st anniversary of professional Division 1 indoor soccer in the United States. The members of the NISL's first season are the Baltimore Blast, the Massachusetts Twisters, the Monterrey La Raza, the Philadelphia KiXX, and the Rockford Rampage. The Orlando Sharks were supposed to play, but due to scheduling conflicts with the Amway Arena the Twisters took the Sharks' spot for the season. Context_6 : The 2014–15 Baltimore Blast season was the twenty-third season of the Baltimore Blast professional indoor soccer club. The Blast, an Eastern Division team in the Major Arena Soccer League, played their home games at Royal Farms Arena in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. Context_7 : The 2016–17 Major Arena Soccer League season was the ninth season for the league and the third since six teams from the former Major Indoor Soccer League defected to what was formerly called the Professional Arena Soccer League. The regular season started on October 29, 2016, and ended on March 5, 2017. Each team will play a 20-game schedule. The defending champions were the Baltimore Blast, who defeated the Sonora Suns in the Ron Newman Cup finals in April 2016. The Blast won the 2016-17 MASL Championship over the Soles 2 games to 1 in the Ron Newman Cup finals. Context_8 : The 2016–17 Baltimore Blast season is the twenty-fifth season of the Baltimore Blast professional indoor soccer club. The Blast, an Eastern Division team in the Major Arena Soccer League, play their home games at Royal Farms Arena in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. Context_9 : Houston Summit were a professional indoor soccer team that operated from 1978–1980. They played in the original Major Indoor Soccer League. In 1980, the franchise was moved to Baltimore to become the Baltimore Blast. Their roster mainly included players from the Houston NASL, the Houston Hurricane. During the two seasons that the Summit played in Houston the average home attendance was 2,749. The team was named for its home arena. Context_10 : Sports Legends Museum at Camden Yards was a non-profit sports museum in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, owned and operated by the Babe Ruth Birthplace & Museum. It opened on May 14, 2005, with the daughter of celebrated baseball player Babe Ruth in attendance. After ten years of operation the museum closed abruptly on October 12, 2015 after failing to reach an agreement with the Maryland Stadium Authority for the continued use of Camden Station. The 22000 sqft museum was adjacent to the main gate of Oriole Park at Camden Yards and has artifacts and interactive exhibits profiling Maryland’s sports history. Exhibits included such area teams as the Baltimore Orioles, Baltimore Ravens, Baltimore Colts, Maryland Terrapins, Baltimore Elite Giants, Baltimore Black Sox, and the Baltimore Blast. fact_1 : The Blast, an Eastern Division team in the Major Arena Soccer League, play their home games at Royal Farms Arena in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. fact_2 : Royal Farms Arena (originally the Baltimore Civic Center and formerly Baltimore Arena) is an arena located in Baltimore. fact_3 : The arena is located about a block away from the Baltimore Convention Center on the corner of Baltimore Street and Hopkins Place; it is also only a short distance from the Inner Harbor. Question: What is a block away from the arena where the Baltimore Blast play their games?
answer:
| Baltimore Convention Center
| 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example input: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example output: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : The Phenix City Story is a 1955 American film noir crime film directed by Phil Karlson for Allied Artists, written by Daniel Mainwaring and Crane Wilbur, and starring John McIntire, Richard Kiley, and Kathryn Grant. It had an unusual "triple premiere" held on July 19, 1955 in Phenix City, Columbus and Chicago (NB. the AFI incorrectly lists it as July 9). Context_2 : Desert Sands is a 1955 American adventure film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Danny Arnold, George W. George and George F. Slavin. The film stars Ralph Meeker, Marla English, J. Carrol Naish, John Carradine, Ron Randell, John Smith and Keith Larsen. The film was released on November 18, 1955, by United Artists. The film was based on the 1954 novel "Punitive Action", one of a series of French Foreign Legion novels written by John Robb. Unlike many Foreign Legion films the film was set in the 1950s. Context_3 : Flight to Hong Kong is a 1956 American crime film directed by Joseph M. Newman and written by Edward G. O'Callaghan and Leo Townsend. The film stars Rory Calhoun, Barbara Rush, Dolores Donlon, Soo Yong, Pat Conway and Werner Klemperer. The film was released on October 8, 1956, by United Artists. Context_4 : Secret of the Wasteland is a 1941 American Western film directed by Derwin Abrahams and written by Gerald Geraghty. The film stars William Boyd, Andy Clyde, Brad King, Soo Yong, Barbara Britton, Douglas Fowley and Keith Richards. The film was released on November 15, 1941, by Paramount Pictures. Context_5 : City of Shadows is a 1955 American crime film directed by William Witney and written by Houston Branch. The film stars Victor McLaglen, John Baer, Kathleen Crowley, Anthony Caruso, June Vincent and Richard Reeves. The film was released on June 2, 1955, by Republic Pictures. Context_6 : The Trouble with Harry is a 1955 American black comedy film directed by Alfred Hitchcock. The screenplay by John Michael Hayes was based on the 1949 novel by Jack Trevor Story. It starred Edmund Gwenn and John Forsythe; Jerry Mathers and Shirley MacLaine, in her first film role. "The Trouble with Harry" was released in the United States on October 3, 1955, then re-released in 1984 once the distribution rights had been acquired by Universal Pictures. Context_7 : Pay It Forward is a 2000 American drama-romance film based on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde. It is set in Las Vegas in the present day, and it chronicles 12-year-old Trevor McKinney's launch of a goodwill movement known as 'pay it forward'. Directed by Mimi Leder and written by Leslie Dixon, it stars Haley Joel Osment as Trevor, Helen Hunt as his alcoholic single mother Arlene McKinney, and Kevin Spacey as his physically and emotionally scarred social studies teacher Eugene Simonet. Context_8 : Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing is a 1955 Deluxe color American drama-romance film in CinemaScope. Set in 1949–50 in Hong Kong, it tells the story of a married, but separated, American reporter Mark Elliot (played by William Holden), who falls in love with a Eurasian doctor Han Suyin originally from China (played by Jennifer Jones), only to encounter prejudice from her family and from Hong Kong society. Context_9 : Soo Yong, (Mandarin: Yang Siu; 31 October 1903 in Wailuku, Maui – October 1984 in Honolulu) was a Chinese-American actress. She acted in twenty-three Hollywood films and numerous television shows, mostly in supporting roles. Among them were "The Good Earth" (1937), "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" (1955), and "Sayonara" (1957). In 1941 she married to C.K. Huang. Context_10 : Quest for the Lost City is a 1955 American documentary film which follows the travels of the travel writing team of Dana and Ginger Lamb, as they hike through the jungles of Central America. Produced by Sol Lesser Productions, it was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures, and released on May 4, 1955. The film features an introduction by Heisman Trophy winner Tom Harmon, who used a survival kit developed by the Lambs during his days as an Army Air Force pilot during World War II. The film is based on the autobiographical book by the Lambs, entitled "Enchanted Vagabonds". fact_1 : Soo Yong, (Mandarin: Yang Siu; 31 October 1903 in Wailuku, Maui – October 1984 in Honolulu) was a Chinese-American actress. fact_2 : Among them were "The Good Earth" (1937), "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" (1955), and "Sayonara" (1957). fact_3 : Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing is a 1955 Deluxe color American drama-romance film in CinemaScope. fact_4 : Set in 1949–50 in Hong Kong, it tells the story of a married, but separated, American reporter Mark Elliot (played by William Holden), who falls in love with a Eurasian doctor Han Suyin originally from China (played by Jennifer Jones), only to encounter prejudice from her family and from Hong Kong society. Question: Soo Yong starred in a 1955 American drama-romance film that was set in what city?
A: | Hong Kong | 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Strawberry Switchblade were a Scottish female new wave duo formed in Glasgow in 1981 by Jill Bryson and Rose McDowall, best known for their song "Since Yesterday" from 1985, and their flamboyant clothing with bows and polka-dots. Context_2 : Korena Pang was a name used by Jeff Mangum for his sound collage work, which he debuted during his 2002 show on New Jersey radio station WFMU. The name first appeared in the liner notes to the 1996 Neutral Milk Hotel album "On Avery Island", and has been used interchangeably with another pseudonym, Alfred Snouts. Mangum described the process of constructing sound collage pieces during a rare interview with Pitchfork the same year: Context_3 : Höfuðlausnir was an album released in May 1988 by Icelandic rock singer Megas. This album was released through Gramm and featured singers Björk and Rose McDowall as background vocalists. "Höfuðlausnir" also includes Megas’ long-time collaborator Guðlaugur Kristinn Óttarsson who adding guitars to this work. Context_4 : Jeff Mangum (born October 24, 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, best known for his work as the lyricist, vocalist and guitarist of the band Neutral Milk Hotel, as well as being one of the cofounders of The Elephant 6 Recording Company. He is best known for his complex, lyrically dense songwriting, apparent on the critically lauded album "In the Aeroplane Over the Sea". Context_5 : To Drown A Rose is a single by Death in June. Additional music performers include: Christ 777, Douglas P., Gary Carey, Jan O', John Balance, Rose McDowall. The vinyl has the phrases "Our time has been..." and "...and will be again" scratched into it. The test pressing for this release was done on 12" vinyl as opposed to the finalized 10" format. Context_6 : Spell was a collaboration between Rose McDowall and Boyd Rice. The duo covered several songs from the 1960s and 1970s, often modifying the lyrics to make them darker. For instance, the line in the original song "Seasons in the Sun": "Goodbye Papa, please pray for me" becomes "Goodbye Papa, don't pray for me". Several references to hell and death are added as well. Context_7 : Rose McDowall (born 21 October 1959) is a Scottish musician. Along with Jill Bryson, in 1981 she formed the new wave band Strawberry Switchblade. Context_8 : Everything Is was the first recording mass-released by Neutral Milk Hotel, at that point still largely an outlet for the songwriting of Jeff Mangum instead of a fully formed band. The recording was originally the second release on the fledgling Seattle label Cher Doll Records in 1994. The label in the form of a 7", with "Everything Is" as the A side, and "Snow Song, Pt. 1" as the B side. The first 50 7"s pressed also featured different artwork, with each sleeve being personally xeroxed by Mangum. The Cher Doll edition is now out of print. Context_9 : Cats Drunk on Copper is a live CD album by Current 93. David Tibet is the only official member of Current 93; he was accompanied by the following performers during the Current 93 act: John Balance, Joolie Wood, Karl Blake, Michael Cashmore, Rose McDowall. Context_10 : Live at Jittery Joe's is an album released in 2001 by Jeff Mangum of Neutral Milk Hotel to battle the high prices of bootlegs on eBay. Filmmaker Lance Bangs recorded it at the Athens, GA venue Jittery Joe's on March 7, 1997 during a live solo performance; this location was the original Jittery Joe's at 243 W. Washington St., not one of the current locations. Jeff had not prepared a set list, so some of the songs were chosen by the audience. A noisy child can be heard throughout the performance (most notably during "Oh Comely"). fact_1 : Jeff Mangum (born October 24, 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, best known for his work as the lyricist, vocalist and guitarist of the band Neutral Milk Hotel, as well as being one of the cofounders of The Elephant 6 Recording Company. fact_2 : Rose McDowall (born 21 October 1959) is a Scottish musician. Question: Who was born first Jeff Mangum or Rose McDowall?
Rose McDowall
Context_1 : "Truth prevails" (Czech: "Pravda vítězí" , Slovak: "Pravda víťazí" , Latin: "Veritas vincit" ) was a motto inscribed on the banner of the President of Czechoslovakia, still used today on the banner of the President of the Czech Republic. The banner of the President is one of the national symbols according to the Czech Constitution. The phrase also appears along the base of the Jan Hus Memorial in Prague. The motto is believed to be derived from Jan Hus' phrase "Seek the truth, hear the truth, learn the truth, love the truth, speak the truth, hold the truth and defend the truth until death". "Truth prevails" was adopted as motto by the first President of Czechoslovakia Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk in 1918 and then echoed in Václav Havel's notion of "life in truth" and in his famous statement "Truth and love must prevail over lies and hatred" (Czech: "Pravda a láska musí zvítězit nad lží a nenávistí" ). The Latin version "Veritas vincit" was in use on the presidential banner from 1990 to 1992 as a linguistically neutral compromise reached between the Czech and Slovak political representation. Context_2 : According to the Tibetan government in exile, prostitution as an industry was virtually non-existent before the Chinese occupation of Tibet. According to the Tibetan Women's Association: "In the past, in Tibet there were no brothels". Tibetan lawyer Lobsang Sangay recognizes the existence of prostitution before the arrival of the Chinese, but he says that the phenomenon was minimal compared to its current extent. According to the British writer Christopher Hale, due to the practice of polyandry in Tibet, many women were unable to find a husband and moved to villages and towns, where they fell into prostitution. Their clients came from the caravans crossing the Tibetan plateau, and also from the monasteries. Context_3 : Vyavahāra (Sanskrit: व्यवहार ) is an important concept of Hindu law denoting legal procedure. The term is analyzed by Kātyāyana as follows: "Vi means ‘various,’ ava means ‘doubt,’ hara is ‘removal’; legal procedure is called by the term vyavahāra because ‘it removes various doubts.’” Kane defines it as follows: "When the ramifications of right conduct, that are together called dharma and that can be established with efforts (of various kinds such as truthful speech, etc.) have been violated, the dispute (in a court between parties) which springs from what is sought to be proved (such as debt), is said to be vyavahāra." According to Donald Davis, “There are two basic meanings of vyavahāra. The first is a general sense of practice, business, or everyday transactions. The other, specific sense is legal procedure, the processes of litigation including a trial.” Legal procedure according to the dharmaśāstras includes: court, listening to and assessing witnesses and their testimony, deciding and enforcing punishment, and the pursuit of Justice in the face of Injustice. Davis later quotes the Nāradasmṛti in an attempt to answer the question why legal procedure came about in the Hindu tradition. The text states, “When men had dharma as their only focus and were speakers of the truth, there was no legal procedure, no enmity, and no (selfish) conflict. Legal procedure came into being when dharma was lost among men." Context_4 : I'm Not Famous But I'm Aromanian (Aromanian: "Nu hiu faimos ama hiu Armãn" ) is a 2013 Romanian comedy drama and romance film. This is the first movie in Aromanian language and features the story of Toni Caramușat, a famous film director, fascinated by the idea of finding the 13th fundamental truth about the Aromanians. First 12 "truths" was gathered by linguist Matilda Caragiu-Marioțeanu in the ”Dodecalog of Aromanians”. According to myth, the 13th truth is held by Armãnamea, the last descendant of this people. Toni goes on dates with young women from all over the world, in hope of finding both the truth and his soul mate. Context_5 : The Truth According to Wikipedia, also referred to as Wiki's Truth (Dutch: Wiki's Waarheid ), is a Dutch documentary about Wikipedia directed by Ijsbrand van Veelen. It was screened at The Next Web conference in Amsterdam on 4 April 2008 and broadcast by the Dutch documentary series "Backlight" (Dutch: "Tegenlicht" ) on Nederland 2 on 7 April 2008. It was subsequently made available through American Public Television. Context_6 : Failure to refer, also reference failure or failure of reference, is the concept that names can fail to name a real object. According to Bertrand Russell's theory of truth, there is only one actual world, and a statement's truth value depends on whether the statement obtains in the actual world. Continuing the tradition of Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell posited that a name picks out, or refers to, a real object in the world (Russell's Correspondence theory of truth). The name "Genghis Khan" thus picks out the 12th and 13th century Mongol leader we know by that name. Any sentence in which we attach a predicate to the name "Genghis Khan" is true if the predicate obtained in the actual world. Any sentence in which the predicate does not obtain for Genghis Khan is false. The Wikipedia statement “"Genghis Khan founded the largest contiguous empire in world history"” is thus true, and the statement “"Genghis Khan was one of the most successful playwrights of late Victorian London"” is false. As an example for a name that fails to refer to a real object, Russell used “"the present king of France"“ in a 1905 article. Context_7 : Hollywood Chinese: The Chinese in American Feature Films is a 2007 American documentary film directed by Academy Award-nominated director Arthur Dong. Context_8 : Relativism is the idea that views are relative to differences in perception and consideration. There is no universal, objective truth according to relativism; rather each point of view has its own truth. Context_9 : The Truth is the debut album by rapper Beanie Sigel. It was released on February 29, 2000 to critical and commercial success. It reached #5 on The Billboard 200 and had 1 charting remotely popular single: "Anything". Beanie Sigel and his debut album were intensely hyped up after ""a few dazzling collaborations"" according to Matt Conaway of Allmusic and Conaway says that it ""is the culmination of that promise"". This album is known for being the first Roc-A-Fella release to introduce Just Blaze and Kanye West, both who would later become primary producers for artists in the label. "The Truth" is currently used as the entrance music for independent professional wrestler Nelson Erazo, better known as Homicide. "What a Thug About" appeared in the Xbox 360 game Saints Row 2 on the fictional Hip Hop and Rap radio station 95.4 Krhyme FM and also appeared in the 2000 movie "Boiler Room". Music videos were done for "The Truth" and "Remember Them Days". Context_10 : Truth in Numbers? Everything, According to Wikipedia is a 2010 American documentary film that explores the history and cultural implications of the online, user-editable encyclopedia Wikipedia. The film considers the question of whether all individuals or just experts should be tasked with editing an encyclopedia. fact_1 : Hollywood Chinese: The Chinese in American Feature Films is a 2007 American documentary film directed by Academy Award-nominated director Arthur Dong. fact_2 : It was screened at The Next Web conference in Amsterdam on 4 April 2008 and broadcast by the Dutch documentary series "Backlight" (Dutch: "Tegenlicht" ) on Nederland 2 on 7 April 2008. Question: Which came out first, "Hollywood Chinese" or "The Truth According to Wikipedia"?
Hollywood Chinese
Context_1 : No, No, No is the debut album by a Jamaican reggae singer Dawn Penn, released in 1994. The album was released nearly 30 years after Penn embarked on a recording career, following up the worldwide success of her single "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)". The album, however, was met with a modest chart success. Context_2 : Leslie Tucker, known as Junior Tucker (born 1966 in Trenchtown, Kingston, Jamaica), is a Jamaican reggae singer, who started his career in secular music but who now sings Christian music. His hits included "Happy" and his own composition, "Don't Test". Context_3 : Pliers (born Everton Bonner on 4 April 1963, Kingston, Jamaica), is a Jamaican Reggae singer best known for his collaborations with deejay Chaka Demus under the name Chaka Demus & Pliers. He is one of the Bonner brothers all of whom are reggae artists, including, Richie Spice and Spanner Banner. Context_4 : Highland "Dobby" Dobson OD (born 1942, Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican reggae singer and record producer, nicknamed "The Loving Pauper" after one of his best known songs. Context_5 : Warrior King (born Mark Dyer) was born in Kingston Jamaica on 27 July 1979. He is a Jamaican reggae singer known within the Caribbean and internationally for his music that is focused on messages about education and uplifting women. Some of Warrior King's best known hits include "Virtuous Woman" (2001), "Hold Da Faith" (2005), "My Life" (2005), "Can't Get Me Down" (2005) and "Wanna Give You Love" (2009). Context_6 : Roy Anthony Cousins (born 1949 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican reggae singer, producer, and record label owner, known for his work as leader of The Royals, his productions of artists such as Charlie Chaplin, Prince Far I, and Cornell Campbell, and his record labels such as Tamoki-Wambesi. Context_7 : Michael Theophilus Johnson (born 21 July 1965, Kingston, Jamaica), better known as Mikey Spice, is a Jamaican reggae singer. Context_8 : "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)" is a song by Jamaican recording artist Dawn Penn from her debut studio album, "No, No, No" (1994). The song's lyrics are credited to Penn, Bo Diddley and Willie Cobbs, and production was handled by Steely and Clevie. Penn recorded a song in 1967 called "You Don't Love Me", which incorporates elements of the music and lyrics of Cobbs' 1960 song "You Don't Love Me". The Cobbs song was, in turn, based on Diddley's 1955 song "She's Fine, She's Mine". Thus, both are credited as songwriters on Penn's recording. In 1994, after a 17-year break from the music industry, she re-recorded a dancehall version of the song retitled "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)". Context_9 : Dawn Penn (born in 1952 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican reggae singer. She first had a short career during the rocksteady era, between 1967 and 1969, but is most known for her single "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)" which became a worldwide hit in 1994. Context_10 : Damion Darrel Warren (born 21 September 1980), best known as Teacha Dee, is a Jamaican reggae singer and former educator. He is best known for his hit singles “Smoke and Fly”, “Reggae Souljahs” and “Smuggling Weed”. He was a full-time employee for the Ministry of Education Youth and Culture in Jamaica when he recorded all three songs. His stage name was derived from the Jamaican creole for “teacher” and a shortening of his childhood nickname “Demus”. fact_1 : She first had a short career during the rocksteady era, between 1967 and 1969, but is most known for her single "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)" which became a worldwide hit in 1994. fact_2 : "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)" is a song by Jamaican recording artist Dawn Penn from her debut studio album, "No, No, No" (1994). Question: Dawn Penn (born in 1952 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican reggae singer, most known for her single "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)" which became a worldwide hit, from her her debut studio album, "No, No, No", in which year?
| 1994
| 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Microsoft Mahjong (formerly Mahjong Titans and Taipei) is a computer game version of mahjong solitaire published by Microsoft. The version titled "Mahjong Titans" was developed by Oberon Games and included in Windows Vista and Windows 7 (except Starter and Home Basic editions). It takes advantage of the new graphical user interface (GUI) of Windows Vista, and includes features such as tile set and background choices. (In Windows Vista builds 5219, 5231 and 5259, the game was known as "Shanghai Solitaire".) The game did not make it to Windows 8; however, a standalone version, developed by Arkadium and published by Microsoft Studios, can be downloaded from the Windows Store free of charge. Context_2 : Breach is a team-based first-person shooter multiplayer video game developed by Atomic Games. It was announced on March 26, 2010 at PAX East 2010 for Windows PCs and the Xbox 360. Breach was distributed online for the Xbox 360 by Xbox Live Arcade, and on Windows by Steam. It features dynamic destructible environments and a cover system. Context_3 : Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3 is a 2008 real-time strategy video game developed by EA Los Angeles and published by Electronic Arts. It was released on October 28, 2008 in the United States for Microsoft Windows PCs and October 30, 2008 in Europe. An Xbox 360 version was released on November 11. On January 21, 2009 EA announced "Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3 – Ultimate Edition", the PlayStation 3 version which contains bonus material extra to that of the Xbox 360 and PC versions and released on March 23, 2009 along with the OS X version by TransGaming. The game is a continuation of the "" games within the "Command & Conquer" series. "", a stand-alone expansion pack, was released for Microsoft Windows in March 2009. It was offered via digital distribution. Context_4 : Game Room was a social gaming service for the Xbox 360 video game system, Microsoft Windows PCs, and Windows Phone 7. Launched on March 24, 2010, Game Room let players download classic video games and compete against each other for high scores. Players on both Xbox 360 and Windows PCs could access Game Room through their respective versions of Microsoft's Live online services (Xbox Live and Games for Windows – Live). Context_5 : Unreal Championship is a first-person shooter video game developed by Epic Games and Digital Extremes, published by Infogrames, and released exclusively for the Xbox. "Unreal Championship" is essentially a console version game of the PC-based "Unreal Tournament 2003", developed specifically to take advantage of Xbox Live, Microsoft's online gaming service. In 2003 "Unreal Championship" was added to Microsoft's "Platinum Hits" line of Xbox games. It was followed in 2005 by "" also for Xbox. Context_6 : Halo: Combat Evolved is a 2001 military science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The first game of the "Halo" franchise, it was released as a launch title for the Xbox gaming system on November 15, 2001, and is considered the platform's "killer app". More than five million copies were sold worldwide by November 2005. Microsoft released versions of the game for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X in 2003, and the surrounding storyline was adapted and elaborated into a series of novels, comic books, and live-action web series. The game was later released as a downloadable Xbox Original for the Xbox 360. A high-definition remake, "", was released for Xbox 360 on the 10th anniversary of the original game's launch, and was rereleased as part of "" on November 11, 2014, for the Xbox One. Context_7 : The Xbox 360 controller is the primary controller for the Microsoft Xbox 360 video game console and was introduced at E3 2005. The Xbox 360 controller comes in both wired and wireless versions. Original Xbox controllers are not compatible with the Xbox 360. The wired and wireless versions are also compatible with Microsoft PC operating systems, such as Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10. Context_8 : Games for Windows – Live or GFWL (trademarked as Games for Windows – LIVE) was an online gaming service used by "Games for Windows"–branded PC titles that enables Windows PCs to connect to Microsoft's Live service. Users, each with a unique Gamertag (the Microsoft username service for gaming that began on Xbox Live), are able to play online, keep track of their friends' status, send and receive messages, gain and keep track of Achievements and associated Gamerscore, voice chat across platforms (removed in 2010), and much more. Some games allow for cross-platform play, such as "Shadowrun", putting Windows players against Xbox 360 players. Context_9 : Shadowrun is a first-person shooter video game, developed by FASA Studio for Xbox 360 and Windows Vista. It was later cracked to work on Windows XP, confirming speculation that it was intentionally limited to Windows Vista. Context_10 : Call of Juarez is a 2006 first-person shooter Western video game developed by Techland. It was published for Microsoft Windows by Focus Home Interactive in Europe in September 2006, and by Ubisoft in North America in June 2007. It was ported to the Xbox 360 in 2007, published worldwide by Ubisoft. It was released on Xbox Live in March 2011. The North American PC release version of the game was one of the first PC games optimized for Windows Vista and DirectX 10. "Call of Juarez" is the first game in the "Call of Juarez" series. fact_1 : Some games allow for cross-platform play, such as "Shadowrun", putting Windows players against Xbox 360 players. fact_2 : Shadowrun is a first-person shooter video game, developed by FASA Studio for Xbox 360 and Windows Vista. Question: Games for Windows – Live or GFWL (trademarked as Games for Windows – LIVE) was an online gaming service used by "Games for Windows"–branded PC titles that enables Windows PCs to connect to Microsoft's Live service, some games allow for cross-platform play, such as which first-person shooter video game, developed by FASA Studio for Xbox 360 and Windows Vista?
[EX A]: Shadowrun
[EX Q]: Context_1 : born Daniel Foe, was an English trader, writer, journalist, pamphleteer, and spy. He is most famous for his novel "Robinson Crusoe", which is second only to the Bible in its number of translations. Defoe is noted for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel, as he helped to popularise the form in Britain with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson, and is among the founders of the English novel. Context_2 : The Garden of Kama is a book of lyric poetry published in 1901 and written by Adela Florence Nicolson under the pseudonym Laurence Hope. It was illustrated by Byam Shaw. The poems in the book were passed off as translations of Indian poets by a man, and thus the book received much more attention that they would likely have done if she had published them under her own name. All of the poems in the book were original works; none was actually a translation. Context_3 : The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a federally recognized Native American tribe based in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest of the three federally recognized Seminole governments, which include the Seminole Tribe of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida. Its members are descendants of the 3,000 Seminoles who were forcibly removed from Florida to Indian Territory, along with 800 Black Seminoles, after the Second Seminole War. The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is headquartered in Wewoka within Seminole County, Oklahoma. Of 18,800 enrolled tribal members, 13,533 live within the state of Oklahoma. The tribe began to revive its government in 1936 under the Indian Reorganization Act. While its reservation was originally larger, today the tribal jurisdictional area covers Seminole County, Oklahoma, within which it has a variety of properties. Context_4 : Vida y Escritos del Dr. José Rizal, translated as "Life and Writings of Dr. José Rizal”, is a biographical book about Philippine national hero and "Father of Filipino Nationalism" José Rizal (1861-1896) written in the Spanish language by Wenceslao Emilio Retana y Gamboa (1862-1924), a 19th-century Spanish civil servant, colonial administrator, writer, publisher, bibliophile, Filipiniana collector, and Philippine scholar, who is also known simply as W.E. Retana. The 512-page book was published by Librería General de Victoriano Suárez of Madrid, Spain in 1907. It contains works of Rizal such as poems and essays in "Spanish of literary merit", some "translations and short papers" written in Tagalog, German, French, and English, and a complete listing of Rizal’s writings. The prologue for W.E. Retana’s book on Rizal was written by Javier Gómez de la Serna, while the epilogue was written by Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936). "Vida y Escritos del Dr. José Rizal" is the first biographical account of the life of Rizal written by a non-Filipino author (the second is "" by British author Austin Coates). Context_5 : Samors has authored, co-authored and/or published twenty five books about Chicago's neighborhoods, downtown, Michigan Avenue, the Chicago River, Lake Shore Drive, and Chicago's airports, and in addition has written and published nostalgic books about growing up in Chicago in the eras of the 1930s, 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. His book, co-authored with Michael Williams, "The Old Chicago Neighborhood: Remembering Chicago in the 1940s", won the 2003 Independent Publisher Book Award first place award in history, his book "Chicago in the Sixties: Remembering a Time of Change" won the 2007 Independent Publisher Book first place award in history, his book, "Downtown Chicago in Transition", co-authored with Eric Bronsky, won the 2008 Independent Publisher Book second place award for Midwest Region books, and his book, "The Rise of The Magnificent Mile," (co-authored with Eric Bronsky), won the 2009 Independent Publisher Book first place award in the Great Lakes region. He co-authored and published three new books in 2008, including "Clark Weber's Rock and Roll Radio", by Clark Weber, "Never Put Ketchup On A Hot Dog", by Bob Schwartz, and "The Rise of the Magnificent Mile", co-authored with Eric Bronsky. In 2010, he published and/or co-authored, with Tony Macaluso and Julia S. Bachrach, "Sounds of Chicago's Lakefront: A Celebration of the Grant Park Music Festival, "A Kid From The Windy City," co-authored by Lee B. Stern and Neal Samors, and "Paths Through The Wilderness: American Indian Trail Marker Trees" by Dennis Downes, with Neal Samors. Next, he was the publisher and co-author of "Chicago's Lake Shore Drive: Urban America's Most Beautiful Roadway" and served as publisher of "Chicago From The Sky: A Region Transformed" by Lawrence Okrent. In 2011, he published and co-authored, "Chicago's Classic Restaurants: Past, Present and Future" with Eric Bronsky and Robert Dauber, in 2013 he published and co-authored "Chicago's River At Work And At Play" with Steven Dahlman, and, in 2015, he published and co-authored "Now Arriving: Traveling To And From Chicago By Air, 90 Years of Flight" with Christopher Lynch. Dr. Samors publishes books through his company, Chicago's Books Press, an imprint of Chicago's Neighborhoods, Inc. He has a PhD and MALS from Northwestern University, an MA from Northern Illinois University and a BA from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 2010, Dr. Samors was selected as a Prominent Alumnus by the Sullivan High School Alumni Association. Context_6 : Humberto Ak'ab'al also Ak'abal or Akabal (born 1952 Momostenango, Totonicapán department) is a K'iche' Maya poet from Guatemala. His poetry has been published in French, English, Estonian, Scots, German, Arabic and Italian translations, as well as in the original K'iche' and Spanish. His book "Guardián de la caída de agua" (or "Guardian of the Waterfall" in English) was named book of the year by Association of Guatemalan Journalists and received their Golden Quetzal award in 1993. In 1995 he received an honorary degree from the Department of Humanities of the Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. In 2004 he declined to receive the Guatemala National Prize in Literature because it is named for Miguel Ángel Asturias, whom Ak'ab'al accused of encouraging racism. He said Asturias' 1923 essay "The Social Problem of the Indian", "Offends the indigenous peoples of Guatemala, of which I am part." Context_7 : Marrar is a Jatt tribe of Pakistan and India. According to the book Glossary of tribes Castes of Punjab and NW Province Marrars were Sombansi Rajputs. Many Rajput tribes during wars and famine began to cultivate their lands and hence began being termed as Jatts. The Punjabi tribe of Marrar is not to be confused with the south Indian tribe Marar. Context_8 : Will (probably born in the 1650s or 1660s) was an Indian of the Misquito tribe from what is now Honduras or Nicaragua. In history, he is known for having stayed as a castaway on uninhabited Robinson Crusoe Island, the largest of the archipelago of the Juan Fernández Islands, for more than three years. It is possible that he was the model for Friday, the famous fictitious (cannibal) character created by Daniel Defoe in his novel "Robinson Crusoe". Context_9 : According to the Book of Genesis, Simeon () was, the second son of Jacob and Leah, and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Simeon. However, some Biblical scholars view this as postdiction, an eponymous metaphor providing an etiology of the connectedness of the tribe to others in the Israelite confederation. With Leah as a matriarch, Biblical scholars regard the tribe as having been believed by the text's authors to have been part of the original Israelite confederation, however, the tribe is absent from the parts of the Bible which textual scholars regard as the oldest (for example, the ancient Song of Deborah), and some scholars think that Simeon was not originally regarded as a distinct tribe. Context_10 : Moonrise is a children's fantasy novel, the second book in the "" series. The book, which follows the adventures of four groups of wild cats (called Clans), was written by Erin Hunter (a pseudonym used by Victoria Holmes, Cherith Baldry, Kate Cary, and Tui T. Sutherland), with cover art by Wayne McLoughlin. "Moonrise" follows six cats, Brambleclaw, Squirrelpaw, Crowpaw, Feathertail, Stormfur, and Tawnypelt, as they return to their forest home from a journey to the ocean. They travel through the mountains, where they meet the Tribe of Rushing Water, a new group of cats first introduced in this novel. The Tribe cats are being attacked by a savage mountain lion called Sharptooth. The Clan cats eventually agree to help the Tribe get rid of Sharptooth. Series editor Victoria Holmes drew inspiration from locations such as the New Forest and the Scottish Highlands. fact_1 : Will (probably born in the 1650s or 1660s) was an Indian of the Misquito tribe from what is now Honduras or Nicaragua. fact_2 : He is most famous for his novel "Robinson Crusoe", which is second only to the Bible in its number of translations. Question: Will, an Indian of the Misquito tribe, is in a book second only in translations to what other book?
[EX A]: Bible
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Indonesian Aerospace (IAe) (Indonesian: "PT. Dirgantara Indonesia" (DI)) is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft. The company was formerly known as "Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara" (IPTN) (Nusantara Aircraft Industry). It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of the Indonesian Air Force, namely "Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio" (LIPNUR) or Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institute. Context_2 : Singapore Technologies Aerospace (ST Aerospace) is a subsidiary of ST Engineering headquartered in Singapore, with international offices and facilities located in key aviation hubs in Asia Pacific, Europe and the US. ST Aerospace started as a maintenance depot to support the Republic of Singapore Air Force in 1975. Over the years, it has diversified into various MRO capabilities for commercial and military aircraft through strategic partnerships, acquisitions and investments. The firm employs in excess of 8,000 certified engineers and administrative specialists around the world and has a global customer base that includes military forces, major airlines and freight carriers. "Aviation Week" ranked the aerospace company as the world's largest, independent, third party airframe MRO provider with an annual capacity of more than 11.5 million commercial airframe man-hours in 2012. Context_3 : Independence-X Aerospace is a Malaysian aerospace company. Independence-X Aerospace or better known as IDXA is currently developing the state of the art rocket launcher technology that could reduce launch cost significantly. IDXA would be providing future commercial rocket launch services into LEO (Low Earth Orbit). The rocket launcher is known as the DNLV (Dedicated Nano Launch Vehicle) to be commercial ready by 2023, which was featured in NASA "Small Spacecraft Technology: State of the Art" December 2015 report. The DNLV is capable of providing dedicated launch services to small satellites and cubesat owners for insertion into their intended orbit and inclination. IDXA is looking at frequent launches from near equatorial launch site for at least twice a month for the first year (24 launches / year). DNLV is capable of delivering payloads of 200 kg to a 500 km Sun-synchronous orbit. IDXA was also an official team of the Google Lunar X Prize since 2008 until 2016, then later partnered with remaining team Synergy Moon from the USA. IDXA is currently developing a lunar lander probe named as SQUALL (Scientific Quest Autonomous Lunar Lander) which will aim to complete the goals of the Google Lunar X Prize, and to conduct scientific discovery of other rare minerals and search for water on the surface of the moon. Besides its Moon mission, a Mars mission in currently being planned for post the year 2020, where IDXA is developing a bio-mimetic flapping winged micro aerial vehicle (B-MAV) robotic dragonfly to scout the Martian Surface to assist NASA's future Mars rover from the rough rocky Martian terrain to perform ground exploration much easily by providing avoidable obstacle path. IDXA is also developing a reentry capsule in the pipeline for future commercial missions. Context_4 : masFlight was a US cloud-based, big data, SaaS aviation software and data services company based in Bethesda, Maryland, with offices in Reston, VA and Ontario, CA. The company was founded in 2010 and was acquired by Global Eagle Entertainment on August 4, 2015. The company is now part of the GEE Operations Solutions business unit. masFlight focused on the collection and analysis of large amounts of commercial aircraft operational data globally, from sources such as global flight information systems, schedules, ADS-B and proprietary information sources. masFlight's technology used the cloud to store daily flight profiles and tracks of individual commercial aircraft. The company sold this data and analysis to airlines and related parties such as aircraft lessors and aircraft OEMs. Context_5 : Mann, Egerton & Company Ltd. was an automotive and aerospace company headquartered in Norwich, United Kingdom. During its history the company was variously active in automotive retailing, aircraft manufacturing, automotive coachbuilding and electrical services. Context_6 : HAT (Hellenic Aeronautical Technologies) is a small Greek aerospace company based in Athens. Its founder, Anastasios Makrykostas has been an aerospace engineer in Hellenic Aerospace Industry. HAT specializes in aircraft parts made of composite materials. The first flight of its own developed aircraft, the HAT LS2, was made on May 23, 1997. It is a two-seater light aircraft with a 64 hp VW piston engine and maximum speed 233 km/h, designed for sale in the form of construction plans. Context_7 : Fred Cromer (c.1964- ) is an American businessman and President of Commercial Aircraft at Bombardier Aerospace, a Canadian aircraft manufacturer. Context_8 : Korea Aerospace Industries Ltd. (commonly referred to as KAI, Korean: 한국항공우주산업, Hanja: 韓國航空宇宙産業) is a South Korean aerospace company, originally a joint venture of Samsung Aerospace, Daewoo Heavy Industries (aerospace division), and Hyundai Space and Aircraft Company (HYSA), which in 1999 took over its founding members at the behest of the Korean government following their financial troubles which emerged in the 1997 financial crisis. Context_9 : Bombardier Aerospace (French: "Bombardier Aéronautique" ) is a division of Bombardier Inc. It is headquartered in Dorval, Quebec, Canada. Context_10 : VTMAE, formerly known as ST Mobile Aerospace Engineering/ "ST Aerospace Mobile", provides commercial aircraft maintenance to the North and South American aerospace markets. It is located within the Brookley Aeroplex in Mobile, Alabama and is one of the largest employers in Mobile County, Alabama. The work force includes technical, engineering, and administrative personnel, consisting mainly of licensed aircraft mechanics. The company was established in September 1990 by Singapore Technologies Aerospace, a division of Singapore Technologies Engineering. fact_1 : Fred Cromer (c.1964- ) is an American businessman and President of Commercial Aircraft at Bombardier Aerospace, a Canadian aircraft manufacturer. fact_2 : Bombardier Aerospace (French: "Bombardier Aéronautique" ) is a division of Bombardier Inc. It is headquartered in Dorval, Quebec, Canada. Question: Fred Cromer is the President of Commercial Aircraft at an aerospace company headquartered in what Canadian province?
[EX A]: | Quebec
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Let me give you an example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
The answer to this example can be: 1874May
Here is why: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
OK. solve this:
Context_1 : The 2013 FA Community Shield was the 91st FA Community Shield, played on 11 August 2013 at Wembley Stadium, between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was contested by the champions of the 2012–13 Premier League, Manchester United, and the 2012–13 FA Cup winners, Wigan Athletic. Following Wigan's relegation to the Football League Championship just days after their cup triumph, it was the first time a team from outside the top division featured in the Community Shield since West Ham United in 1980. Context_2 : The 2016 FA Community Shield (also known as the 2016 FA Community Shield supported by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 94th FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The match was contested by 2015–16 FA Cup winners Manchester United, and Leicester City, champions of the 2015–16 Premier League. It was held at Wembley Stadium a week before the Premier League season kicked off. Manchester United won the match 2–1 with goals from Jesse Lingard and Zlatan Ibrahimović, either side of a goal from Leicester striker Jamie Vardy. Context_3 : The 2014 FA Community Shield was the 92nd FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The game was played between Arsenal, who beat Hull City in the final of the 2013–14 FA Cup, and Manchester City, champions of the 2013–14 Premier League. Watched by a crowd of 71,523 at Wembley Stadium in London, Arsenal won the match 3–0. Context_4 : The 2002 FA Community Shield was the 80th FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. It was the first to be contested following the renaming of the competition, formerly titled the FA Charity Shield. The match was contested by Arsenal, who won a league and FA Cup double the previous season, and Liverpool, who finished runners-up in the league. It was held at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium, on 11 August 2002. Arsenal won the match by one goal to nil, watched by a crowd of 67,337. Context_5 : The 2009 FA Community Shield was the 87th FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was contested at Wembley Stadium, London, on 9 August 2009, and contested by 2008–09 Premier League champions Manchester United, and Chelsea as the winners of the 2008–09 FA Cup, a repeat of the 2007 match. The game ended in a 2–2 draw – the goals coming from Nani and Wayne Rooney for Manchester United, and from Ricardo Carvalho and Frank Lampard for Chelsea – with Chelsea winning 4–1 on penalties. Context_6 : Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera, commonly known as Antonio Valencia (] ; born 4 August 1985), is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays as a right winger and right-back for Manchester United and the Ecuador national team. Context_7 : The 2010 FA Community Shield was the 88th FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was played at Wembley Stadium, London, on 8 August 2010, and contested by league and cup double winners Chelsea and league runners-up Manchester United. Manchester United won the match 3–1 with goals from Antonio Valencia, Javier Hernández and Dimitar Berbatov; Chelsea's consolation goal came from Salomon Kalou. It was Manchester United's 14th outright victory in the Community Shield. Context_8 : The 2015 FA Community Shield (also known as the 2015 FA Community Shield supported by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 93rd FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The match was contested by Arsenal, the 2014–15 FA Cup winners, and Chelsea, champions of the 2014–15 Premier League. It was held at Wembley Stadium on 2 August 2015. Watched by a crowd of 85,437 and a television audience of over a million, Arsenal won the match 1–0. Context_9 : The 2006 FA Community Shield was a football match played between Liverpool and Chelsea on 13 August 2006 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, the annual FA Community Shield contested between the winners of the Premier League and FA Cup. Chelsea were appearing in the competition for the sixth time, while Liverpool were making their 21st appearance. It was the final Community Shield to be held at the Millennium Stadium following the reconstruction of Wembley Stadium. Context_10 : The 2003 FA Community Shield was the 81st FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. It was held at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium, on 10 August 2003. The match was played between Manchester United, champions of the 2002–03 Premier League and Arsenal, who beat Southampton 1–0 in the 2003 FA Cup Final. Manchester United won the Shield 4–3 on penalties, after the match finished 1–1 after 90 minutes. fact_1 : Manchester United won the match 3–1 with goals from Antonio Valencia, Javier Hernández and Dimitar Berbatov; Chelsea's consolation goal came from Salomon Kalou. fact_2 : Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera, commonly known as Antonio Valencia (] ; born 4 August 1985), is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays as a right winger and right-back for Manchester United and the Ecuador national team. Question: The 2010 FA Community Shield had a goal by the right wing player who is of which nationality?
Answer: | Ecuadorian | 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : Kotikatu is a Finnish drama television series which aired on Yle TV1 from August 24, 1995 to December 7, 2012. It is the second longest running Finnish drama television series after "Salatut elämät". Context_2 : Michelle Renee Clunie (born November 7, 1969) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles as Melanie Marcus on Showtime's critically acclaimed series "Queer as Folk" and as Ellen Beals on "Make It or Break It". She is currently a star on MTV’s "Teen Wolf" as Mrs. Finch. Context_3 : Signed, Sealed, Delivered (original title: Dead Letters), also known as Lost Letter Mysteries, is an American-Canadian drama/romantic comedy television series that aired on the Hallmark Channel from April 20 through June 22, 2014. Created by "Touched by an Angel"' s Martha Williamson, "Signed, Sealed, Delivered" focuses on four postal workers who take it upon themselves to track down intended recipients of undeliverable mail. Context_4 : My Mother's Secret is a 2015 Philippine family drama television series directed by Neal del Rosario, starring Kim Rodriguez, Kiko Estrada, Gwen Zamora and Christian Bautista. The series premiered on GMA Network and internationally via GMA Pinoy TV on May 25, 2015 succeeding the rerun of "My Love from the Star" on the network's primetime block. The series ended on August 7, 2015 it will complete 11 week run with the total of 55 episodes overall would be replaced by "Reply 1997" on its timeslot. Context_5 : Higher Ground is an American-Canadian drama television series created by Michael Braverman and Matthew Hastings. The convention-breaking series follows a group of at-risk teenagers attending Mount Horizon High School, a therapeutic boarding school, as they brave the difficulties, failures, and triumphs of their personal struggles with addiction, abuse, and disorders. Context_6 : Queer as Folk is an American-Canadian drama television series. The series ran between December 3, 2000 to August 7, 2005 and was produced for Showtime and Showcase by Cowlip Productions, Tony Jonas Productions, Temple Street Productions and Showtime Networks in association with Crowe Entertainment. It was developed and written by Ron Cowen and Daniel Lipman, who were the showrunners, and also the executive producers along with Tony Jonas, former President of Warner Bros. Television. Context_7 : Harold Perrineau (formerly Harold Williams; born August 7, 1963) is an American actor, known for the roles of Michael Dawson in the U.S. television series "Lost", Link in "The Matrix" films and games, Augustus Hill in the American television series "Oz", Damon Pope in the FX bike gang drama "Sons of Anarchy", and Mercutio in Baz Luhrmann's "Romeo + Juliet". He starred in ABC's comedy-drama television series "The Unusuals", playing NYPD homicide detective Leo Banks and has appeared in several high-profile films, including "The Best Man", "28 Weeks Later", "", and "Zero Dark Thirty". He also starred alongside Anthony Hopkins and Alec Baldwin in the survival drama "The Edge". Context_8 : The Legal Wife is a 2014 Philippine melodramatic family drama television series directed by Rory B. Quintos and Dado C. Lumibao, that served as a primetime comeback for Angel Locsin who had last starred in the fantasy drama television series "Imortal" in 2010, and the first television series for JC de Vera on ABS-CBN. Together with Locsin and de Vera, the series is also topbilled by Jericho Rosales and Maja Salvador. The series was aired on ABS-CBN's "Primetime Bida" evening block and worldwide on The Filipino Channel from January 27, 2014 to June 13, 2014, replacing "Maria Mercedes". Context_9 : Cedar Cove is an American-Canadian drama television series on the Hallmark Channel that aired for three seasons from July 20, 2013, to September 26, 2015. Based on author Debbie Macomber's book series of the same name, "Cedar Cove" focused on Municipal Court Judge Olivia Lockhart's professional and personal life and the townsfolk surrounding her. It was the network's first-ever original scripted series. Context_10 : The second season of the British-American animated television series "The Amazing World of Gumball", created by Ben Bocquelet, originally aired on Cartoon Network in the United States. The season debuted on August 7, 2012 and ended on December 3, 2013. This season consists of 40 episodes. The season focuses on the misadventures of Gumball Watterson, a blue 12-year-old cat, along with his adopted brother, Darwin, a goldfish. Together, they cause mischief among their family, as well as with the wide array of students at Elmore Junior High. fact_1 : Michelle Renee Clunie (born November 7, 1969) is an American actress. fact_2 : She is perhaps best known for her roles as Melanie Marcus on Showtime's critically acclaimed series "Queer as Folk" and as Ellen Beals on "Make It or Break It". fact_3 : Queer as Folk is an American-Canadian drama television series. fact_4 : The series ran between December 3, 2000 to August 7, 2005 and was produced for Showtime and Showcase by Cowlip Productions, Tony Jonas Productions, Temple Street Productions and Showtime Networks in association with Crowe Entertainment. Question: What actress starred in an American-Canadian drama television series between December 3, 2000 and August 7, 2005?
[A]: best known for her roles as Melanie Marcus on Showtimes critically acclaimed series Queer as Folk
[Q]: Context_1 : In Flames is a Swedish heavy metal band, which was formed by guitarist Jesper Strömblad in 1990 in Gothenburg, Sweden. Along with the bands At the Gates and Dark Tranquillity, In Flames was originally a metal band responsible for developing the genre now known as melodic death metal. Context_2 : The Unguided is a melodic death metal band from Sweden, formed by Richard Sjunnesson, after his departure from Sonic Syndicate. Later, he was joined by (also former Sonic Syndicate singer) Roland Johansson, and (then) Sonic Syndicate guitarist Roger Sjunnesson and drummer John Bengtsson and current Cipher System bassist Henric Liljesand. Drummer John Bengtsson left the band and in late 2012 The Unguided found their current drummer, Richard Schill. In December 2016, the band revealed that vocalist/guitarist Roland Johansson had left the band and they found their current vocalist/guitarist, former touring member Jonathan Thorpenberg. Context_3 : Sonic Syndicate is the fifth studio album by Swedish metalcore band Sonic Syndicate. It is the first album by the band to not feature former members Richard and Roger Sjunnesson. The album features guest appearance from Björn "Speed" Strid of Soilwork on the track "Before You Finally Break", marking as the first time the band has collaborated with another artist on a studio album. It is the final album to feature long-time bassist Karin Axelsson. Context_4 : Eden Fire is the debut album by Swedish heavy metal band Sonic Syndicate. It is their first and only album to be released through the American record label, Pivotal Rockordings. The album was recorded and mixed at Studiomega from February 2005 to June 2005 by Christian Silver and Manne Engström. The album was re-released on December 9, 2008, via Pivotal Rockordings/Koch in North America and Canada. Because of this, the album would sell over 10,000 copies by the end of 2010. It was also the last record by the band before parting ways with drummer Kristoffer Bäcklund and pianist Andreas Mårtensson. Context_5 : Love and Other Disasters is the third album by Swedish heavy metal band Sonic Syndicate. It was released on September 19, 2008 and on October 14 in North America. In addition to the standard-edition album, a digipack version of the album was made available featuring two bonus tracks and a DVD. Since released in the United States, the album has sold around 800 copies in its first week to land on the Billboard Heatseekers chart at 85. "Love and Other Disasters" is the last album by the band to feature former singer Roland Johansson, and producer Jonas Kjellgren (although Kjellgren still did some work with the band besides production on their latest release). Context_6 : Swedish death metal is a death metal music scene developed in Sweden. Many Swedish death metal bands are associated with the melodic death metal movement, thus giving Swedish death metal a different sound from other variations of death metal. Unlike American death metal groups, the first Swedish bands were rooted in punk rock. Although Norway is known for its quantity of black metal, Gothenburg in Sweden has a large melodic death metal scene, while Stockholm is known for its more raw death metal scene. Context_7 : Sonic Syndicate is a metalcore band from Falkenberg, Sweden. They are influenced by Swedish melodic death metal bands such as In Flames and Soilwork and American metalcore bands like Killswitch Engage and All That Remains. Context_8 : Synapse Audio Software is a software company located in Germany. Previously known as Sonic Syndicate and headed by Richard Hoffman they develop music production software for the Mac OS and Microsoft Windows platforms. They started developing software in November 1998 as Sonic Syndicate and changed their name to Synapse Audio with the release of Orion Platinum in 2002 Context_9 : "Revolution, Baby" is the lead single of the fourth studio album "We Rule the Night" by the Swedish heavy metal band Sonic Syndicate. The single had its world premiere on the Swedish radio station Bandit Rock on May 5, 2010. On May 7, 2010, the single was made available for purchase and download on iTunes. The music video directed by Patric Ullaeus premiered on the band's official Myspace page on May 17, 2010. It was only intended to be released as a digital single but unexpectedly a signed promotional CD-single was released for free for a limited time in a package with the official T-shirt merchandise for the single. On July 15, 2010, Nuclear Blast offered a free download of the single. Context_10 : Only Inhuman is the second studio album by Swedish melodic death metal band Sonic Syndicate. Released May 18, 2007 in Europe and on May 22, 2007 in North America. It's also the first album the band released through their new label, Nuclear Blast as well as the first to feature vocalist Roland Johansson and drummer John Bengtsson as full-time members. fact_1 : They are influenced by Swedish melodic death metal bands such as In Flames and Soilwork and American metalcore bands like Killswitch Engage and All That Remains. fact_2 : Along with the bands At the Gates and Dark Tranquillity, In Flames was originally a metal band responsible for developing the genre now known as melodic death metal. Question: Who was responsible for influencing not only Sonic Syndicate but also the genre death metal?
[A]: In Flames
[Q]: Context_1 : The 2007 Atlantic hurricane season was an active Atlantic hurricane season, although most of the storms were weak and short-lived. However, the 2007 season was the first season to feature more than one Category 5 landfalling hurricane, a feat that would not be matched until 2017. It produced 17 tropical cyclones, 15 tropical storms, six hurricanes, and two major hurricanes. It officially started on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean. The first tropical cyclone, Subtropical Storm Andrea, developed on May 9, while the last storm, Tropical Storm Olga, dissipated on December 13. The most intense hurricane, Dean, is tied for the eighth most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded as well as the third most intense Atlantic hurricane at landfall. The season was one of only six on record for the Atlantic with more than one Category 5 hurricane. It was the second on record in which an Atlantic hurricane, Felix, and an eastern Pacific hurricane, Henriette, made landfall on the same day. September had a record-tying eight storms, although the strengths and durations of most of the storms were low. Aside from hurricanes Dean and Felix, none of the storms in the season exceeded Category 1 intensity. Context_2 : The 1994 Atlantic hurricane season produced seven named tropical cyclones and three hurricanes, a total below the Atlantic hurricane season average. It officially started on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally limit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean. The first tropical cyclone, Tropical Storm Alberto, developed on June 30, while the last storm, Hurricane Gordon, dissipated on November 21. The season was unusual in that it produced no major hurricanes, which are those of Category 3 status or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. The most intense hurricane, Hurricane Florence, peaked as a Category 2 storm with winds of 110 mph . Aside from Chris, Florence, and Gordon, none of the storms exceeded tropical storm intensity. Context_3 : Hurricane Olga was a late season Category 1 North Atlantic hurricane that formed during the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. The fifteenth named storm, ninth and final hurricane of the 2001 season, Olga formed as a subtropical cyclone on November 24. After acquiring tropical characteristics later that day, Olga meandered westward, and eventually reached hurricane status on November 26. Olga’s winds peaked at 90 mph (150 km/h) before the storm turned southwestward and weakening back into a tropical storm. On November 30 it deteriorated further to a tropical depression, although it re-intensified two days later to tropical storm intensity. Olga then dissipated as a tropical cyclone on December 4 east of the Bahamas. Its damaging effects were limited to ships at sea. The cyclone's remnants produced heavy rainfall across the Bahamas and Florida. It was a relatively rare storm to exist in December, which is outside of the normal Atlantic hurricane season. Context_4 : Tropical Storm Alberto was the costliest storm of the 1994 Atlantic hurricane season. The storm was the first named storm of the season. It hit Florida across the Southeast United States in July, causing a massive flooding disaster while stalling over Georgia and Alabama. Alberto caused $1 billion in damage (1994 USD) and 30 deaths. Context_5 : The 1994 Atlantic hurricane season was a below-average Atlantic hurricane season that produced seven named tropical cyclones. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally limit the period of each year when tropical cyclones tend to form in the Atlantic. The first named storm, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed on June 30. The last storm of the season, Hurricane Gordon, dissipated on November 21. This timeline documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transitions, as well as dissipation during the season. The timeline also includes information which was not operationally released, such as post-storm reviews by the National Hurricane Center. Context_6 : Hurricane Agnes was, at the time, the costliest hurricane to hit the United States in recorded history. The second tropical cyclone and first named storm of the 1972 Atlantic hurricane season, Agnes developed on June 14 from the interaction of a polar front and an upper trough over the Yucatán Peninsula. Initially forming as a tropical depression, the storm headed slowly eastward and emerged into the western Caribbean Sea on June 15. Once in the Caribbean, the depression began to strengthen, and by the following day, it became Tropical Storm Agnes. Thereafter, Agnes slowly curved northward and passed just west of Cuba on June 17. Early on June 18, the storm intensified enough to be upgraded to Hurricane Agnes. Heading northward, the hurricane eventually made landfall near Panama City, Florida late on June 19. After moving inland, Agnes rapidly weakened and was only a tropical depression when it entered Georgia. The weakening trend halted as the storm crossed over Georgia and into South Carolina. While over eastern North Carolina, Agnes re-strengthened into a tropical storm on June 21, as a result of baroclinic activity. Early the following day, the storm emerged into the Atlantic Ocean before re-curving northwestward and making landfall near New York City as a strong tropical storm. Agnes quickly became an extratropical cyclone on June 23, and tracked to the northwest of Great Britain before becoming absorbed by another cyclone on July 6. Context_7 : Hurricane Keith was an Atlantic hurricane in October 2000 that caused extensive damage in Central America, especially in Mexico and Belize. It was the fifteenth tropical cyclone, eleventh named storm, and seventh hurricane of the that year's Atlantic hurricane season. Keith developed as a tropical depression from a tropical wave in the western Caribbean Sea on September 28. The depression gradually strengthened, and became Tropical Storm Keith on the following day. As the storm tracked westward, it continued to intensify and was upgraded to a hurricane on September 30. Shortly thereafter, Keith began to rapidly deepen, and peaked as a Category 4 hurricane less than 24 hours later. Keith then began to meander erratically offshore of Belize, which significantly weakened the storm due to land interaction. By late on October 2, Keith made landfall in Ambergris Caye, Belize as a minimal hurricane. It quickly weakened to a tropical storm, before another landfall occurred near Belize City early on the following day. While moving inland over the Yucatán Peninsula, Keith weakened further, and was downgraded to a tropical depression before emerging into the Gulf of Mexico on October 4. Once in the Gulf of Mexico, Keith began to re-strengthen and was upgraded to a tropical storm later that day, and a hurricane on the following day. By late on October 5, Keith made its third and final landfall near Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico as a moderately strong Category 1 hurricane. The storm quickly weakened inland and dissipated as a tropical cyclone by 24 hours after landfall. Context_8 : The 1998 Atlantic hurricane season was one of the deadliest and costliest Atlantic hurricane seasons on record, featuring the highest number of storm-related fatalities in over 200 years. It officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic Ocean. The first tropical cyclone, Tropical Storm Alex, developed on July 27, and the season's final storm, Hurricane Nicole, became extratropical on December 1. The strongest storm, Mitch, was tied with Hurricane Dean for the seventh most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded. Mitch is also the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane in recorded history. The system dropped tremendous amounts of rainfall in Central America, causing 19,000 confirmed deaths and at least $6.2 billion (1998 USD) in damage. The season was the first since Hurricane Andrew in the 1992 season to feature a Category 5 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Context_9 : The 1935 Cuba hurricane was an intense and deadly tropical cyclone which caused devastation across many areas of the western Atlantic, particularly Cuba and The Bahamas, in September and October 1935. The fifth tropical storm and third hurricane of the 1935 Atlantic hurricane season, the storm formed from a tropical depression in the central Caribbean Sea on September 23. The disturbance gradually organized as it moved to the west, and strengthened to tropical storm intensity less than a day after formation and further to a hurricane by September 25. Subsequently, the hurricane curved northward from its initial westward motion. On September 27, the storm reached major hurricane intensity before making landfall near Cienfuegos, Cuba as a modern-day Category 3 hurricane the next day. After passing the island, the hurricane reintensified, and reached a peak intensity with a minimum barometric pressure of at least 945 mbar (hPa; 27.91 inHg) and maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h), making it a modern-day Category 4 hurricane. At the same time, the tropical cyclone passed over the Bahamian island of Bimini before moving out to sea. As it progressed northeastward, the hurricane gradually weakened before transitioning into an extratropical storm by October 2. The extratropical remnants made landfall on Newfoundland shortly after before dissipating late that day. Context_10 : Tropical Storm Franklin was a strong tropical storm over the western Atlantic Ocean during July of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the sixth named storm of the season and twice approached hurricane strength. The storm formed over the Bahamas on July 21 then moved north erratically, approaching Bermuda on July 26. Franklin eventually became extratropical near Newfoundland on July 30, before being absorbed by a larger system. The National Hurricane Center struggled to predict Tropical Storm Franklin mainly due to difficulties in predicting the effects of wind shear. There were only minor effects on land from Tropical Storm Franklin and no damages were caused. The name Franklin was used for the first time because of Hurricane Floyd which was retired in the 1999 season. fact_1 : The 1994 Atlantic hurricane season was a below-average Atlantic hurricane season that produced seven named tropical cyclones. fact_2 : The first named storm, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed on June 30. fact_3 : Tropical Storm Alberto was the costliest storm of the 1994 Atlantic hurricane season. Question: Which 1994 tropical storm formed on June 30 and proved to be the costliest of that Atlantic hurricane season?
[A]: | Tropical Storm Alberto
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : Webb Miller (February 10, 1891 – May 7, 1940) was an American journalist and war correspondent. He covered the Pancho Villa Expedition, World War I, the Spanish Civil War, the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, the Phoney War, and the Russo-Finnish War of 1939. He was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the execution of the French serial killer Henri Désiré Landru ("Bluebeard") in 1922. His reporting of the Salt Satyagraha raid on the Dharasana Salt Works was credited for helping turn world opinion against British colonial rule of India. Context_2 : Damage Control is a reality TV series produced by MTV. Hosted by lead vocalist of Canadian music group Simple Plan Pierre Bouvier, and directed by Sebastian Doggart, the show was a real-life version of the movie "Risky Business." It first aired on MTV on March 6, 2005. The last episode was broadcast on April 24, 2005. Context_3 : Henri Désiré Landru (April 12, 1869 – February 25, 1922) (] ) was a French serial killer and real-life "Bluebeard". Context_4 : Charles Edmund Cullen (born February 22, 1960) is a former nurse who is the most prolific serial killer in New Jersey history and is suspected to be the most prolific serial killer in American history. He confessed to authorities that he killed up to 40 patients during the course of his 16-year nursing career. But in subsequent interviews with police, psychiatric professionals, and journalists Charles Graeber and Steve Kroft, it became clear that he had killed many more, whom he could not specifically remember by name, though he could often remember details of their case. Experts have estimated that Charles Cullen may ultimately be responsible for 400 deaths, which would make him the most prolific serial killer in American history. Context_5 : Luis Alfredo Garavito Cubillos, also known as "La Bestia" ("The Beast") or "Tribilín" (named after Disney character "Goofy"'s Latin American Spanish name) is a Colombian rapist and serial killer. In 1999, he admitted to the rape, torture and murder of 147 young boys. His victims, based on the locations of skeletons listed on maps that Garavito drew in prison, could eventually exceed 300; Garavito continues to confess to more murders. He has been described by local media as "the world's worst serial killer". According to the Attorney General's Office and various judicial bodies, Luis Alfredo Garavito is the "second serial killer of the world." Likewise, the judicial body ruled that all Garavito's sentences total 1853 years and nine days in jail. Context_6 : My Brother the Serial Killer is a 2012 American television documentary about serial killer Glen Rogers, otherwise known as the "Casanova Killer", who was convicted for a series of murders and arsons. The documentary was narrated by Rogers' brother Clay Rogers and aired on Investigation Discovery in November 2012. "My Brother the Serial Killer" received widespread media attention for Clay's claims that his brother was responsible for the 1994 murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Lyle Goldman. Context_7 : "Bluebeard" (French: "Barbe bleue") is a French folktale, the most famous surviving version of which was written by Charles Perrault and first published by Barbin in Paris in 1697 in "Histoires ou contes du temps passé". The tale tells the story of a wealthy violent man in the habit of murdering his wives and the attempts of one wife to avoid the fate of her predecessors. "The White Dove", "The Robber Bridegroom" and "Fitcher's Bird" (also called "Fowler's Fowl") are tales similar to "Bluebeard". Context_8 : Build the Enterprise is a project to create a real-life version of the "Starship" Enterprise, the spaceship featured in the science fiction television show Star Trek. The project is detailed on its website, Build the Enterprise, and is spearheaded by an engineer who goes by the name BTE Dan. He cites himself as a systems engineer and electrical engineer who has worked at a Fortune 500 company for the past 30 years. The ship would be able to carry the personnel, supplies and equipment needed for a long journey or colonization of another planet. Context_9 : The Sun Hill Serial Killer was a major storyline from ITV's cop show "The Bill". Known originally as the "River Murders", the storyline spanned several months in 2002 and served as the exit for popular cast regular Cass Rickman (played by Suzanne Maddock). It was the first of several serial killer storylines from the show. Events came to a head in the New Year of 2003, when Acting DI Samantha Nixon discovers the truth and is taken hostage by the serial killer, before a final confrontation in which she is overpowered by DC Duncan Lennox, charged and thrown into the cells at Sun Hill Station. Context_10 : God's Spy is a 2007 bestselling thriller novel by Juan Gómez-Jurado originally published in Spain. It has become an instant bestseller throughout Europe with a million copies sold to date and is going to be published in 42 countries. The plot is set in the Vatican, where, in the aftermath of Pope John Paul II's death, the hunt for a serial killer and sex offender — and former priest — reveals a chilling conspiracy. It is a detective story where the psychological portrait of Victor Karosky, the serial killer (which name is known from the first line of the book) is the spine of the novel. The action also takes place in a Maryland institution called the Saint Matthew Institute, a center for the rehabilitation of priest with a history of sexual abuse, which is based in a real-life place. This subject has aroused controversial issues in Catholic countries as Spain and Poland. fact_1 : He was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the execution of the French serial killer Henri Désiré Landru ("Bluebeard") in 1922. fact_2 : Henri Désiré Landru (April 12, 1869 – February 25, 1922) (] ) was a French serial killer and real-life "Bluebeard". Question: What is the name of the French folktale that the serial killer covered by Webb Miller is said to have been a real-life version of?
Example Output: Bluebeard
Example Input: Context_1 : The American Home was a monthly magazine published in the United States from 1928 to 1977. Its subjects included domestic architecture, interior design, landscape design, and gardening. Context_2 : Hubbard Cobb (August 5, 1917 – September 27, 2006) was an American writer. A newspaper and radio personality, he was also the editor of "The American Home" and "Ladies' Home Journal" and the author of a number of books, including his 1950 debut "Your Dream Home: How to Build It For Less Than $3500", "The Amateur Builder's Handbook" and 1970's "The Dream House Encyclopedia". Cited as "an authority on home improvement and building", he was widely known in the Do it yourself publishing field, with a column running from the 1940s through the 1960s. He also spoke out about the unrealistic pressures on American women of the 1960s. Context_3 : International Home Foods was an American manufacturer, distributor and marketer of food products, acquired in June 2000 by ConAgra Foods in a $2.9 Billion dollar deal. Its best known brands were Chef Boyardee pasta products, PAM cooking spray, Bumble Bee Seafood, and Gulden's mustard. International Home Foods was formed in Nov. 1996 when American Home Products spun off its food business, which was acquired by Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst and C. Dean Metropoulos & Co. The latter paid $1.2 Billion to acquire 80% of International Home Foods, and grew it to annual sales of about $2.2 billion before the ConAgra acquisition. Context_4 : Leda Sanford, (born October 11, 1933, in Lucca, Italy), is an author, speaker, former publisher, and advertising director. She was the first female publisher of a major national magazine. She became president, publisher and editor-in-chief of the magazine "American Home" and the American Home Publishing Company in 1975. Context_5 : George Fort Gibbs (March 8, 1870 – October 10, 1942) was an American author, illustrator, artist, and screenwriter. As an author, he wrote more than 50 popular books, primarily adventure stories revolving around espionage in exotic locations. Several of his books were made into films. (His novel "the Yellow Dove" was filmed twice.) His illustrations appeared prominently in such magazines as "The Saturday Evening Post", "Ladies' Home Journal", "Redbook" and "The Delineator". He also illustrated some of his own novels, and the novels of others. As a painter he produced many portraits, and painted murals for Pennsylvania Station and Girard College in Philadelphia. His screenwriting credits include a film about the life of Voltaire. Context_6 : Guidance Residential LLC. is a U.S. based Islamic home financing company headquartered in Reston, Virginia. Guidance Residential is the largest Islamic home financing provider in the United States by total market share in the niche market. The company started operation in 2002 to provide Shariah compliant, riba-free (free of interest or usury) home financing contracts to Muslim American home buyers. Guidance Residential is a wholly owned subsidiary of Guidance Financial Group, which is a subsidiary of the parent company, Capital Guidance. The company has funded over $4.5 billion in Islamic home financing in American Muslim real estate market through its Declining Balance Co-Ownership Program. The Declining Balance Co-Ownership Program is a Shariah-compliant structure of home financing based on "Diminishing Musharakah" or Equity Partnership model which is a non-lending method of home financing and is unique to the Islamic home financing market in the United States. Context_7 : The Interact Home Computer is a rare, very early (1978) American home computer made by "Interact Electronics Inc" of Ann Arbor, Michigan. It sold under the name "interact Model One home computer". The original Ineract Model One computer was designed by Rick Barnich and Tim Anderson at 204 E. Washington in Ann Arbor, then moving to an office in Georgetown Mall on Packard St in Ann Arbor. Interact Electronics Inc was a privately held company that was funded by Hongiman, Miller, Swartz and Cohn...a lawyer firm out of Detroit. The President/Founder of Interact Electronics Inc was Ken Lochner, who was one of the original developers of the BASIC language based out of Dartmouth college. Ken had started Interact Electronics Inc after a successful startup known as ADP Cyphernetics, the original computer time share company in Ann Arbor, now known as ADP Network Services. Only a few thousand Interacts were sold before the company went bankrupt. Most were sold by the liquidator "Protecto Enterprizes" of Barrington, Illinois through mail order sales. The Interact Model One Home Computer debuted at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago in June 1978 at a price of $499. The majority of sales were thru Mail Order houses and you could buy it off the shelf at Highland Appliance in the Detroit, MI area and Newman Computer Exchange in Ann Arbor. Probably the most successful application available for the Interace was a program called "Message Center". With it, a store could type in whatever message they wanted to appear scrolling on a TV screen...like Advertisements, or welcoming messages to guests in an office. Although it was mostly a Game machine at the time with games such as Showdown, BlackJack and Chess, there was also BASIC programming where users could create their own programs in the BASIC computer language. Customers began hooking up Interact to control everything from lights in their house, to a Chevrolet Corvette! Context_8 : Flossie M Byrd (born 1927) was an economist, and the first African American woman to be elected president of one of Texas's "first class" public institutions of higher education, Prairie View A&M University. She has won several awards and titles for her distinguished work, including the Distinguished Service Award from the American Home Economics Association (1990), and the titles of president of the National Council of Administrators of Home Economics (1971–1972), president of the Association of Administrators of Home Economics (1981–83), and Vice President of the American Home Economics Association (1985–1987). Context_9 : American Home Shield Corporation is an American home warranty company and a unit of ServiceMaster. American Home Shield was founded in 1971 and operated independently until it was acquired by ServiceMaster in 1989. It serves 1.4 million customers across 49 states and the District of Columbia. It functions as one of ServiceMaster’s “family of brands”, along with Terminix, Furniture Medic, AmeriSpec, ServiceMaster Clean, ServiceMaster Restore, and Merry Maids. It is one of a few home warranty companies with active operations in all 48 contiguous states. Context_10 : The Delineator was an American women's magazine of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, founded by the Butterick Publishing Company in 1869 under the name "The Metropolitan Monthly." Its name was changed in 1875. The magazine was published on a monthly basis in New York City. In November 1926, under the editorship of Mrs. William Brown Meloney, it absorbed "The Designer," founded in 1887 and published by the Standard Fashion Company, a Butterick subsidiary. fact_1 : The Delineator was an American women's magazine of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, founded by the Butterick Publishing Company in 1869 under the name "The Metropolitan Monthly." fact_2 : The American Home was a monthly magazine published in the United States from 1928 to 1977. Question: What are both The Delineator and The American Home?
Example Output: magazine
Example Input: Context_1 : The 2013 FA Community Shield was the 91st FA Community Shield, played on 11 August 2013 at Wembley Stadium, between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was contested by the champions of the 2012–13 Premier League, Manchester United, and the 2012–13 FA Cup winners, Wigan Athletic. Following Wigan's relegation to the Football League Championship just days after their cup triumph, it was the first time a team from outside the top division featured in the Community Shield since West Ham United in 1980. Context_2 : The 2016 FA Community Shield (also known as the 2016 FA Community Shield supported by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 94th FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The match was contested by 2015–16 FA Cup winners Manchester United, and Leicester City, champions of the 2015–16 Premier League. It was held at Wembley Stadium a week before the Premier League season kicked off. Manchester United won the match 2–1 with goals from Jesse Lingard and Zlatan Ibrahimović, either side of a goal from Leicester striker Jamie Vardy. Context_3 : The 2014 FA Community Shield was the 92nd FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The game was played between Arsenal, who beat Hull City in the final of the 2013–14 FA Cup, and Manchester City, champions of the 2013–14 Premier League. Watched by a crowd of 71,523 at Wembley Stadium in London, Arsenal won the match 3–0. Context_4 : The 2002 FA Community Shield was the 80th FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. It was the first to be contested following the renaming of the competition, formerly titled the FA Charity Shield. The match was contested by Arsenal, who won a league and FA Cup double the previous season, and Liverpool, who finished runners-up in the league. It was held at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium, on 11 August 2002. Arsenal won the match by one goal to nil, watched by a crowd of 67,337. Context_5 : The 2009 FA Community Shield was the 87th FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was contested at Wembley Stadium, London, on 9 August 2009, and contested by 2008–09 Premier League champions Manchester United, and Chelsea as the winners of the 2008–09 FA Cup, a repeat of the 2007 match. The game ended in a 2–2 draw – the goals coming from Nani and Wayne Rooney for Manchester United, and from Ricardo Carvalho and Frank Lampard for Chelsea – with Chelsea winning 4–1 on penalties. Context_6 : Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera, commonly known as Antonio Valencia (] ; born 4 August 1985), is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays as a right winger and right-back for Manchester United and the Ecuador national team. Context_7 : The 2010 FA Community Shield was the 88th FA Community Shield, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. The match was played at Wembley Stadium, London, on 8 August 2010, and contested by league and cup double winners Chelsea and league runners-up Manchester United. Manchester United won the match 3–1 with goals from Antonio Valencia, Javier Hernández and Dimitar Berbatov; Chelsea's consolation goal came from Salomon Kalou. It was Manchester United's 14th outright victory in the Community Shield. Context_8 : The 2015 FA Community Shield (also known as the 2015 FA Community Shield supported by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 93rd FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The match was contested by Arsenal, the 2014–15 FA Cup winners, and Chelsea, champions of the 2014–15 Premier League. It was held at Wembley Stadium on 2 August 2015. Watched by a crowd of 85,437 and a television audience of over a million, Arsenal won the match 1–0. Context_9 : The 2006 FA Community Shield was a football match played between Liverpool and Chelsea on 13 August 2006 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, the annual FA Community Shield contested between the winners of the Premier League and FA Cup. Chelsea were appearing in the competition for the sixth time, while Liverpool were making their 21st appearance. It was the final Community Shield to be held at the Millennium Stadium following the reconstruction of Wembley Stadium. Context_10 : The 2003 FA Community Shield was the 81st FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup competitions. It was held at Cardiff's Millennium Stadium, on 10 August 2003. The match was played between Manchester United, champions of the 2002–03 Premier League and Arsenal, who beat Southampton 1–0 in the 2003 FA Cup Final. Manchester United won the Shield 4–3 on penalties, after the match finished 1–1 after 90 minutes. fact_1 : Manchester United won the match 3–1 with goals from Antonio Valencia, Javier Hernández and Dimitar Berbatov; Chelsea's consolation goal came from Salomon Kalou. fact_2 : Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera, commonly known as Antonio Valencia (] ; born 4 August 1985), is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays as a right winger and right-back for Manchester United and the Ecuador national team. Question: The 2010 FA Community Shield had a goal by the right wing player who is of which nationality?
Example Output: | Ecuadorian
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example is below.
Q: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
A: 1874May
Rationale: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : Domhnall Gleeson ( ; born 12 May 1983) is an Irish actor and writer. He is the son of actor Brendan Gleeson, alongside whom he has appeared in several films and theatre projects. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Media Arts from Dublin Institute of Technology. Context_2 : Brendan Gleeson (born 29 March 1955) is an Irish actor. He is the recipient of three IFTA Awards, two BIFA Awards, one Emmy Award and has been nominated twice for a BAFTA Award and three times for a Golden Globe Award. Context_3 : Cartoon Saloon is an Irish animation film and television studio which provides illustration, design, film and TV services. The company is based in Kilkenny. The company developed the successful cartoon series "Skunk Fu!". It was nominated for a BAFTA Children's Award in October 2008. The company has also developed the animated film "The Secret of Kells". The film features the voice of Brendan Gleeson and is set in the 9th century AD when the Book of Kells was written. The film premiered on February 22, 2009 at the closing Gala of the Jameson Dublin International Film Festival. On February 2, 2010 "The Secret of Kells" was nominated in the category of best animated film at the 82nd Academy Awards. Context_4 : Calvary is a 2014 Irish drama film written and directed by John Michael McDonagh. It stars Brendan Gleeson, Chris O'Dowd, Kelly Reilly, Aidan Gillen, Dylan Moran and Isaach de Bankolé. The film began production in September 2012 and was released in April 2014 in Ireland and the United Kingdom, in July in Australia and August 2014 in the United States. The film was screened at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. Context_5 : The Grand Seduction is a 2013 Canadian comedy film directed by Don McKellar and written by Ken Scott and Michael Dowse. The film stars Taylor Kitsch, Brendan Gleeson, Liane Balaban and Gordon Pinsent. It is based on a 2003 French-Canadian film, "La Grande Séduction". Context_6 : The Tailor of Panama is a 2001 Irish-American spy thriller film directed by John Boorman and starring Pierce Brosnan and Geoffrey Rush. Jamie Lee Curtis, Brendan Gleeson, Daniel Radcliffe in his feature film debut, Catherine McCormack, and Harold Pinter appear in supporting roles. Context_7 : The Smurfs 2 is a 2013 American 3D live-action/computer-animated comedy film and a sequel to the 2011 film "The Smurfs". It is loosely based on "The Smurfs" comic-book series created by the Belgian comics artist Peyo. It is the second and final installment of a projected duology, produced by Sony Pictures Animation and distributed by Columbia Pictures. The film is directed by Raja Gosnell, who helmed the first, with all the main cast returning. New cast members include Christina Ricci and J. B. Smoove as members of the Naughties, and Brendan Gleeson as Patrick Winslow's stepfather. The film was released on July 31, 2013 and is dedicated to Jonathan Winters, who voiced Papa Smurf and died on April 11, 2013. Context_8 : John Michael McDonagh is a screenwriter and film director with British and Irish nationality. He wrote and directed "The Guard" (2011) and "Calvary" (2014), both films starring Brendan Gleeson, receiving a BAFTA Award nomination for the former. He was born in London in 1967. He is the older brother of playwright and filmmaker Martin McDonagh. Context_9 : In Bruges is a 2008 British-American black comedy crime film written and directed by Martin McDonagh. The film stars Colin Farrell and Brendan Gleeson as two Irish hitmen in hiding, with Ralph Fiennes as their boss. The film is set and was filmed in the Belgian city of Bruges. Context_10 : "In Bruges" is a 2008 British-American black comedy film written and directed by Martin McDonagh. The film stars Colin Farrell and Brendan Gleeson as two Irish hitmen in hiding, with Ralph Fiennes as their gangster boss. The film takes place—and was filmed—in the Belgian city of Bruges. The film opened on limited release in the United States on 8 February 2008. It premiered at the Jameson Dublin International Film Festival on 15 February 2008, and later went on full release in Ireland on 8 March 2008. The film opened 18 April 2008, in the United Kingdom. fact_1 : The Tailor of Panama is a 2001 Irish-American spy thriller film directed by John Boorman and starring Pierce Brosnan and Geoffrey Rush. fact_2 : Brendan Gleeson (born 29 March 1955) is an Irish actor. Question: What nationality is the film that Brendan Gleeson was in?
A: | IrishAmerican | 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Output: 1874May
From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input case for you: Context_1 : Toys in the Attic (Czech: Na půdě aneb Kdo má dneska narozeniny? ; festival title: In the Attic: Who Has a Birthday Today?) is a 2009 Czech-French-Japanese-Slovak primarily stop-motion animated fantasy comedy thriller family film directed by Jiří Barta and written by Edgar Dutka and Barta which depicts a community of toys and other objects in an attic who come to life when no human is around. It is an international co-production of Czech, Japanese and Slovak companies. The film was released first in the Czech Republic on 5 March 2009 and has been shown subtitled at film festivals internationally. An American dub – adapted, produced and directed by Vivian Schilling and performed by actors including Forest Whitaker, Joan Cusack, Cary Elwes and Schilling herself – has been recorded, which the film was first shown with on 3 March 2012 at the New York International Children's Film Festival and was released nationally on 24 August 2012 by Hannover House. Context_2 : Tex is a 1982 American drama film directed by Tim Hunter (his first film as a director) and written by Charles S. Haas, based on the novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton. Matt Dillon and Jim Metzler play brothers who struggle after their mother dies and their father walks out on them. Context_3 : Snow Dogs is a 2002 American Northern adventure comedy film directed by Brian Levant, and starring Cuba Gooding Jr. and James Coburn. The film was released in the United States on January 18, 2002 by Walt Disney Pictures. The film is inspired by the book "" by Gary Paulsen. Context_4 : Game in Kannada, Oru Melliya Kodu (English: A thin line) in Tamil, is a 2016 Indian bilingual language crime thriller film directed by A. M. R. Ramesh. This movie is an unofficial remake of the 2012 Spanish thriller El Cuerpo (Spanish title) also known as "The Body", and features Arjun Sarja, Shaam and Manisha Koirala in the lead roles. With music composed by Ilayaraaja, the film was simultaneously shot in Kannada and Tamil; the former released first on February 26, 2016 while the later released on July 1, 2016. The film was dubbed and released in Telugu as "Notuku Potu" in 2017. Context_5 : Cheetah Vision is an American film production company founded in 2009 by Curtis '50 Cent' Jackson and Randall Emmett. The company produces low budget action thrillers for foreign film markets across the world. The first project that was filmed was called 'Setup' but the first project to go into production and released first is a film called, 'Gun'. In early 2011, 50 Cent landed a $200,000,000 deal for the company, which will fund a 10-picture deal. Grindstone/Lionsgate will distribute the films. Under the deal, the films will have a budget of around $20 million each. Context_6 : Midnite Movies is a line of B movies released first on VHS and later on DVD by MGM Home Entertainment. The line was begun by MGM in March 2001 following its acquisition of Orion Pictures, which bought out Filmways, the owner of American International Pictures. AIP had a library of B movies from the 1950s and 1960s that were science fiction, horror, and exploitation films. The "Midnite Movies" collection is primarily derived from the AIP library (including most of Roger Corman's and Vincent Price's horror movies) but also included Hammer Film Productions, Amicus Productions, United Artists, and Empire International Pictures movies as well. The DVDs were first released as single films but most later releases would be double features on single double-sided discs. Sony Pictures Home Entertainment later became owners of the MGM library and continued the "Midnite Movies" line with distributor 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. All double feature titles released on the 20th Century Fox label were two-disc packages. By 2011, no new titles were forthcoming; the previous catalog titles slowly went out of print and the "Midnite Movies" website was taken down. Context_7 : The First Bad Man is an American animated cartoon directed by Tex Avery, and features narration by singing cowboy Tex Ritter. It was released by MGM on September 30, 1955. Context_8 : Tommy Swerdlow is an American actor and screenwriter. He has appeared in such films as "Howard the Duck" (1986) and "Spaceballs" (1987) and co-wrote the screenplays of "Cool Runnings" (1993), "Little Giants" (1994) and "Snow Dogs" (2002). Swerdlow made his directorial debut with the 2017 feature "A Thousand Junkies". He has also written a biopic about the life of Matisyahu titled "King Without a Crown". Context_9 : Damion Poitier ( ) is an American actor and stuntman known for his roles in film and television. He received notable media attention after his brief appearance as Thanos in 2012's "The Avengers". He has also had roles in "", "Star Trek", "Jarhead", and "Snow Dogs". Context_10 : Snegithiye (English:Oh Friend! "(female)" ) is a 2000 Tamil mystery thriller film directed by Priyadarshan. The story is loosely based on the 1999 Marathi film "Bindhaast" written by Chandrakant Kulkarni. The film notably features only female characters in the lead roles, played by Jyothika, Sharbani Mukherjee, Tabu and Ishita Arun. Music was composed by Vidyasagar. The film, released in 2000, proved to be an average grosser at the box office but bagged positive reviews from critics. Today, it is considered a cult classic that was underrated at the time of its release. Originally planned to be made as a bilingual, in Tamil and in Malayalam, the film released first in Tamil only, while the Malayalam dubbed version, "Raakilipattu", as well as the dubbed Hindi version, "Friendship", released seven years later. fact_1 : Tex is a 1982 American drama film directed by Tim Hunter (his first film as a director) and written by Charles S. Haas, based on the novel of the same name by S. E. Hinton. fact_2 : The film was released in the United States on January 18, 2002 by Walt Disney Pictures. Question: Which American film was released first, Tex or Snow Dogs?
Output: | Tex | 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Álvaro Obregón Salido (] ; February 19, 1880 – July 17, 1928) was a general in the Mexican Revolution, who became President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. He supported Sonora's decision to follow Governor of Coahuila Venustiano Carranza as leader of a revolution against the Huerta regime. Carranza appointed Obregón commander of the revolutionary forces in northwestern Mexico and in 1915 appointed him as his minister of war. In 1920, Obregón launched a revolt against Carranza, in which Carranza was assassinated; he won the subsequent election with overwhelming support. Context_2 : Richard Lawrence (c. 1800 – June 13, 1861) was an American house painter who was the first known person to attempt to assassinate a sitting President of the United States. Lawrence attempted to shoot President Andrew Jackson outside the United States Capitol on January 30, 1835. The attempt failed, and Jackson reputedly beat Lawrence with a cane before a crowd subdued Lawrence. Lawrence spent the remainder of his life in an insane asylum. Context_3 : Rain for a Dusty Summer, originally known as Miguel Pro, is a 1971 Western film. It was shot on location in Spain. Context_4 : Miguel Pro Human Rights Center (PRODH), founded by the Jesuits, has since 1988 promoted human rights in Mexico mainly through advocacy, training, and legal assistance. Context_5 : Sara Jane Moore (née Kahn; born February 15, 1930) is an American citizen best known for attempting to assassinate US President Gerald Ford in 1975. She was given a life sentence for the attempted assassination and was released from prison on December 31, 2007, after serving 32 years. Moore and Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme are the only two women to have attempted to assassinate an American president; both of their attempts were on Gerald Ford and both took place in California within three weeks of one another. Mary Surratt, a woman, was convicted as a conspirator in the murder of Abraham Lincoln and hanged. Context_6 : José Ramón Miguel Agustín Pro Juárez, S.J., also known as Blessed Miguel Pro (born January 13, 1891 – executed November 23, 1927) was a Mexican Jesuit Catholic priest executed under the presidency of Plutarco Elías Calles on charges of bombing and attempted assassination of former Mexican President Álvaro Obregón. Context_7 : Hellmut G. Haasis (born 7 January 1942) is a German historian, author, and broadcaster. He is particularly known for his biographies of Georg Elser who attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler in 1939; Reinhard Heydrich who was one of the main architects of the Holocaust; and Joseph Süß Oppenheimer who was executed in 1738 and in 1940 was the subject of a notorious Nazi anti-semitic propaganda film, "Jud Süß". Haasis was born in Mühlacker, a town in the Swabia region of Germany, and has written two novels in Swabian dialect as well as a collection of poetry. He is the recipient of the Thaddäus Troll Literature Prize, the Schubart Literature Prize, and the Civis Media Prize. Context_8 : Józef Andrzej Szeryński born Josef Szynkman (8 November 1893 or 1892 – 24 January 1943) was a Jewish police-colonel in interwar Poland, inspector for the Lublin district and later – during the Second World War – a commander of the Jewish Ghetto Police in Warsaw with recommendation from Adam Czerniaków. Szeryński was arrested by the Gestapo on May 1, 1942 for smuggling furs out of the Warsaw Ghetto for personal gain. He was released on the condition of leading the deportation action to Treblinka extermination camp in July 1942. The very next month Jewish underground attempted to assassinate him, unsuccessfully. He remained at the helm of the Ghetto Police until the end of the "Grossaktion Warschau" which claimed the lives of over 254,000 Ghetto inmates, men, women and children. He committed suicide right after the next wave of deportations in January 1943. Context_9 : André Dallaire (born 1961) is a Quebecois man who attempted to assassinate Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien in 1995. Dallaire claimed that he heard voices that led him to break into the 24 Sussex Drive residence. At trial, Justice Paul Bélanger agreed with Dallaire's earlier diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia and found Dallaire guilty of attempted murder, but not criminally responsible. Context_10 : Jean-Marie Bastien-Thiry (] ; 19 October 1927 – 11 March 1963) was a French Air Force lieutenant-colonel and military air-weaponry engineer. He was the creator of the Nord SS.10/SS.11 missiles. He attempted to assassinate French President Charles de Gaulle on 22 August 1962, following de Gaulle's decision to accept Algerian independence. The attack made international headlines. Bastien-Thiry was the last person to be executed by firing squad in France. fact_1 : José Ramón Miguel Agustín Pro Juárez, S.J., also known as Blessed Miguel Pro (born January 13, 1891 – executed November 23, 1927) was a Mexican Jesuit Catholic priest executed under the presidency of Plutarco Elías Calles on charges of bombing and attempted assassination of former Mexican President Álvaro Obregón. fact_2 : Álvaro Obregón Salido (] ; February 19, 1880 – July 17, 1928) was a general in the Mexican Revolution, who became President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. Question: When was the person who Miguel Pro attempted to assassinate born?
Ex Output:
February 19, 1880
Ex Input:
Context_1 : The Santa Clause is a 1994 American Christmas fantasy family comedy film directed by John Pasquin. It is the first installment in "The Santa Clause trilogy" and it stars Tim Allen as Scott Calvin, an ordinary man who accidentally causes Santa Claus to fall from his roof on Christmas Eve. When he and his young son, Charlie, finish St. Nick's trip and deliveries, they go to the North Pole where Scott learns that he must become the new Santa and convince those he loves that he is indeed Father Christmas. Context_2 : Age Isn't Everything (a.k.a. Life in the Food Chain) is a 1991 comedy film directed by Douglas Katz, and starring Jonathan Silverman, Robert Prosky, and Rita Moreno. The film premiered at the 1991 American Film Market, and was consecutively released on video by Live Home Video. Context_3 : Gremlins 2: The New Batch is a 1990 American comedy horror film, and the sequel to the 1984 film "Gremlins". It was directed by Joe Dante and written by Charles S. Haas, with creature designs by Rick Baker. It stars Zach Galligan, Phoebe Cates, John Glover, Robert Prosky, Haviland Morris, Dick Miller, Jackie Joseph, Robert Picardo and Christopher Lee; additionally, the film features Tony Randall and Frank Welker providing the voices for two gremlins. The story continues the adventures of the creature Gizmo (once again voiced by Howie Mandel), who spawns numerous small monsters when wet. In the first film, Gizmo's offspring rampaged through a small fictional town. In "Gremlins 2", Gizmo multiplies within a skyscraper in New York City. The new creatures thus pose a serious threat to the city should they be able to leave the building, and much of the story involves the human characters' efforts to prevent this disaster. Context_4 : The Skeptic is a 2009 American suspense thriller film written and directed by Tennyson Bardwell. Starring Tim Daly, Zoe Saldana, and Tom Arnold, and featuring Robert Prosky and Edward Herrmann, it depicts the story of an attorney who inherits a seemingly haunted house, though he does not believe in the supernatural. Context_5 : Miracle on 34th Street is a 1994 American Christmas fantasy film written and produced by John Hughes and directed by Les Mayfield. It stars Richard Attenborough, Mara Wilson, Elizabeth Perkins, and Dylan McDermott, and is the fourth remake (and the second theatrical version) of the original 1947 film. Like the original, it was released by 20th Century Fox, to mixed to positive reception. Context_6 : John Prosky is an American film, theatre, and television actor. His numerous TV credits include "NYPD Blue", "ER", "Heroes", "Criminal Minds", "True Blood", "JAG", "My So-Called Life", "", "The Practice", "The X-Files", "The West Wing", "Charmed", "24", "House", "Grey's Anatomy", "Veronica Mars", "Fringe," and the web series "Red Bird". His film credits include "The Nutty Professor", "Bowfinger", and "A.I. Artificial Intelligence". He also contributed voice work to the "L.A. Noire" video game. He is the son of actor Robert Prosky. Context_7 : Robert Prosky (December 13, 1930 – December 8, 2008) was an Polish-American actor and comedian. He became a well known supporting actor in the 1980s and 1990s with his roles in "Thief" (1981), "Christine" (1983), "The Natural" (1984), and "Broadcast News". Prosky's other notable movies include "" (1990), "Hoffa" (1992), "Mrs. Doubtfire" (1993), "Last Action Hero" (1993), "Miracle on 34th Street" (1994), "Dead Man Walking" (1995), and "Mad City" (1997). Context_8 : Lifestories is an American medical drama television series that premiered August 20, 1990, on NBC. Done in a documentary style with off-screen narration by Robert Prosky, "Lifestories" was an attempt to make an extremely realistic medical drama answering questions like, "Exactly what goes on during the first 45 minutes of a heart attack?" "What is it like to be told that you have advanced colon cancer?" Context_9 : Mrs. Doubtfire is a 1993 American comedy-drama film directed by Chris Columbus and written for the screen by Randi Mayem Singer and Leslie Dixon, who based their story and script on the novel "Alias Madame Doubtfire," written by Anne Fine. It stars Robin Williams (who also served as a co-producer of the film), Sally Field, Pierce Brosnan, Harvey Fierstein, and Robert Prosky. It follows a recently divorced actor who dresses up as a female housekeeper to be able to interact with his children. The film addresses themes of divorce, separation and the effect it has on a family. Context_10 : Broadcast News is a 1987 romantic comedy-drama film written, produced and directed by James L. Brooks. The film concerns a virtuoso television news producer (Holly Hunter), who has daily emotional breakdowns, a brilliant yet prickly reporter (Albert Brooks) and his charismatic but far less seasoned rival (William Hurt). It also stars Robert Prosky, Lois Chiles, Joan Cusack, and Jack Nicholson (billed only in the end credits) as the evening news anchor. fact_1 : Prosky's other notable movies include "" (1990), "Hoffa" (1992), "Mrs. Doubtfire" (1993), "Last Action Hero" (1993), "Miracle on 34th Street" (1994), "Dead Man Walking" (1995), and "Mad City" (1997). fact_2 : Miracle on 34th Street is a 1994 American Christmas fantasy film written and produced by John Hughes and directed by Les Mayfield. Question: Who produce the American Christmas fantasy in which Robert Prosky has a supporting act?
Ex Output:
John Hughes
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Bramall Lane is a football stadium in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It is the home of Sheffield United. As the largest stadium in Sheffield during the 19th century it hosted most of the city's most significant matches including the final of the world's first football tournament, first floodlit match and several matches between the Sheffield and London Football Associations that led to the unification of their respective rules. It was also used by Sheffield Wednesday and Sheffield F.C. for major matches. It has been the home of Sheffield United since the club's establishment in 1889. It is the oldest major stadium in the world still to be hosting professional association football matches. Context_2 : During the 1992–93 English football season, Sheffield United competed in the inaugural season of the FA Premier League under manager Dave Bassett. Context_3 : Martin Stanford Peters MBE (born 8 November 1943) is an English former footballer and manager and a member of the England team which won the 1966 FIFA World Cup as well as playing in the 1970 FIFA World Cup. Born in Plaistow, Essex, he played club football for West Ham United, Tottenham Hotspur, Norwich City and Sheffield United. He briefly managed Sheffield United before retiring from professional football in 1981. Context_4 : Howard Kendall (22 May 1946 – 17 October 2015) was an English footballer and manager. Context_5 : The 1995-96 season was the 107th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One for the second successive season. In the first half of the season events in the boardroom overshadowed those on the pitch until Mike McDonald completed a successful take over of the club. Following his arrival manager Dave Bassett resigned and was replaced by Howard Kendall who was provided with the funds to overhaul the squad. A large number of changes were made to the playing squad over the following months meaning the club used more first-team players in one season than ever before. Although struggling for much of the season the new arrivals brought about a late rally and the club finished a respectable ninth in the division. Context_6 : The 1994-95 season was the 106th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One under manager Dave Bassett, having been relegated from the Premier League the previous season. With various factions attempting to take over the club, little money was invested in the side and they were unable to make an immediate return to the Premiership, finishing 8th. Context_7 : Mike Lake (born 16 November 1966 in Manchester) is an English retired footballer. After been a peripheral figure in his first few seasons at Sheffield United and hindered by injuries, Lake then featured more regularly in the early 1990's once United were back in the old First Division. Lakes time at United is best remembered during the 1991–92 season where he had a consistent spell in the team and scored 4 times in 4 games, all of which were opportunist and often spectacular. Lake with his distinctive long hair and sudden goal scoring streak became a cult-hero at United and as a result of the spectacular goals the Blades fans nicknamed Lake, Mike "Zico" Lake, after the famous Brazilian footballer Arthur Antunes Coimbra, better known as Zico. In particular, Lake is remembered at United for his long range goal against Southampton in a 4 - 2 victory at The Dell. The goal was also nominated for goal of the month and was described as a "Brazilian bender" by United's manager Dave Bassett. Lake also scored a second in the same match, again from long range, this time aided by a deflection. Context_8 : Patrick Darren Atkinson (born 22 May 1970 in Singapore) is an English former professional footballer. As a schoolboy he went to several clubs, Newcastle Utd, Sunderland, Notts County, and West Bromwich Albion where he shared digs with Alan Shearer. Paddy signed apprentice forms with Sheffield Utd in 1986 with Ian Portifield as manager. After 3 managers in 2 years (Ian Portifield, Billy McEwan, and Dave Bassett) Paddy went on loan to Hartlepool Utd and signed as a professional at 18 with John Bird as manager. He scored 2 goals on his debut Vs Lincoln City at the Victoria Ground in 1986. After 3 seasons making 30+ appearances and playing for a further 2 managers, Bob Moncur and Cyril Kowles, Paddy moved to Gateshead in the Conference. He scored Gateshead's 1st goal in the Conference league. Paddy moved to Barrow making 40+ appearances with Ray Wilkie as manager. Paddy moved to Workington for 2 seasons before a successful trial seen him move to Newcastle Utd. Paddy played in Newcastle Reserves Team scoring 12 goals in 3 seasons when Kevin Keegan was manager of the club. It was Kevin who recommended Paddy to the Singapore National Team and to York City in the 1st Division. Paddy Signed for York City making over 60 appearances in 3 seasons. Paddy moved on to Scarbrough in the 2nd Division and Mick Wadsworth was manager before moving and playing for Blyth Spartans while recovering from an operation. He moved north of the border playing for Queen of the South for 4 seasons in the Scottish 1st & 2nd Division. John Connelly was the manager and Paddy won a Second Division Championship and a Bells Scottish Cup. At 34 Paddy decided to take up his 1st coaching role and took Queen of the South's Reserve Team. In his first season, he won the Reserve League and Cup. Paddy later moved back home to the North East (Newcastle upon Tyne) and took on the Assistant Manager and 1st Team Coach's role at Newcastle Benfield in the Northern League. With Paul Baker as manager he won the League Cup. Paddy later took on the managers role with Tom wade and won the League, League Cup and Cleator Cup (4 trophies in 4 seasons). He then took on the 1st Team Coaches role at Bedlington Terriers before leaving in the summer of 2012 to take up a post at Blyth Spartans where he was assistant to Tommy Cassidy at the Northern Premier League side, before later a being appointed manager, a post he resigned from in 2013. On 9 January 2015 Paddy was appointed manager of Whitley Bay. Context_9 : The 1993-94 season was the 105th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in the Premier League under manager Dave Bassett. With little money to spend to improve the side it was a season of struggle which ended in relegation. Context_10 : William Bairstow was an English footballer who played for Sheffield United and Barnsley St. Peter's as an inside right or inside left. Born in Sheffield Bairstow had been playing for Sheffield Club when he was signed by newly formed Sheffield United in March 1890. He spent just over two years at Bramall Lane but as the team became more successful his appearances were limited to the large number of friendlies that the club still played at that time. fact_1 : The 1995-96 season was the 107th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One for the second successive season. fact_2 : Following his arrival manager Dave Bassett resigned and was replaced by Howard Kendall who was provided with the funds to overhaul the squad. fact_3 : Howard Kendall (22 May 1946 – 17 October 2015) was an English footballer and manager. Question: During the 1995-96 season, Sheffield United replaced Dave Bassett by the footballer who was of what nationality as manager?
Ex Output:
| English
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : Schitt's Creek (stylized as Schitt$ Creek) is a Canadian television sitcom created by Eugene Levy and his son Daniel Levy, that premiered on CBC Television on January 13, 2015. The series is produced by Not a Real Company Productions. Context_2 : Trouble in Mind was a short-lived British television sitcom series produced by LWT for ITV in 1991. It ran for nine episodes, each 30 minutes long. The series starring Richard O'Sullivan, Susan Penhaligon, Nicholas Day and Jim McManus. Context_3 : Richie Rich is an American sitcom series produced by DreamWorks Animation's AwesomenessTV for Netflix. The show is loosely based upon the Harvey Comics character of the same name, with Jake Brennan playing the eponymous character. The first season, consisting of 10 episodes, was released on February 20, 2015. A second season of 11 episodes was released on May 22, 2015. Context_4 : Jennifer Robertson (Jenn Robertson) is a Canadian actress, best known for her role as Jocelyn Schitt in the CBC comedy, "Schitt's Creek". In 2004 she was nominated for the Canadian Comedy Awards for her writing. Her father was Canadian satirical comedian Bob Robertson, one half of the comedy team Double Exposure with his wife (and Jennifer's step-mother) Linda Cullen. Context_5 : Six Pieces for Orchestra is the second classical solo album by Genesis keyboardist Tony Banks. It was released by Naxos Records in 2012. The suite is performed by the City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra and conducted by Paul Englishby. Two of the pieces feature soloists; Martin Robertson plays alto saxophone on Siren, and Charlie Siem plays violin on Blade. Context_6 : Fiddlers Three is a short-lived British sitcom series produced by Yorkshire Television for ITV, and it ran for 14 episodes from 19 February to 21 May 1991. Written by Eric Chappell and directed by Graham Wetherell, it stars Peter Davison as Ralph West, Paula Wilcox as Ros West, Charles Kay as J.J. Morley, Peter Blake as Harvey, Tyler Butterworth as Osborne and Cindy Marshall-Day as Norma. Context_7 : High Street Blues was a short-lived British television sitcom series produced by LWT for ITV from 6 January to 10 February 1989. It ran for six episodes, each 30 minutes long. The series starring Phil McCall, Ron Pember, Elizabeth Stewart, Georgia Mitchell, Valerie Walsh, Chris Pitt, Victoria Hasted, Martin Turner, Johnny Shannon, Eve Bland and Shirley Dixon. Context_8 : The Wicked League () is a 2015 Hong Kong sitcom series produced by Hong Kong Television Network. The first episode premiered on 22 June 2015. Context_9 : The first season of the American television sitcom series "Cheers" premiered on September 30, 1982, and concluded on March 31, 1983. It consisted of 22 episodes, each running approximately 25 minutes at length. The show was created and produced by director James Burrows and writers Glen and Les Charles, who previously worked on "Taxi", another sitcom. "Cheers" was produced by Charles Burrows Charles Productions in association with Paramount Television. The concept and production design of the show were inspired by a public house in Boston, the Bull & Finch, which is now called Cheers Beacon Hill. Context_10 : Young, Gifted and Broke is an ITV's 1989 British sitcom series was created by Laurence Marks and Maurice Gran. The show stars Elena Ferrari, Cheryl Miller, Mark Monero, Jason Rush and Kate Emma Davies as five teenagers who are working at an electronics on a Youth Training Scheme. James Hazeldine plays their teacher Paul and Mary Healy plays Paul's wife Emma. fact_1 : Jennifer Robertson (Jenn Robertson) is a Canadian actress, best known for her role as Jocelyn Schitt in the CBC comedy, "Schitt's Creek". fact_2 : The series is produced by Not a Real Company Productions. Question: Jennifer Robertson plays Jocelyn Schitt in a sitcom series produced by what company?
Example Output: Not a Real Company Productions
Example Input: Context_1 : Ibele is an autonomous community in Njaba Local Government Area in Orlu Senatorial zone of Imo State, Nigeria. The town is located at the old Douglas road, running from Afor-Umuaka westward in Njaba Local Government Area to Ukworji in Eziama-Obiator of Mbaitoli local government area, then to Oguta. Context_2 : Ulladulla is a coastal town in New South Wales, Australia in the City of Shoalhaven local government area. It is on the Princes Highway about 230 km south of Sydney, half way between Batemans Bay to the south and Nowra to the north. Ulladulla has close links with the nearby historic settlement of Milton and many services are shared between these towns. Context_3 : Oko ("Ana Oko") is an Igbo speaking town in south eastern Nigeria. It is one of the 16 major towns that make up the geo-political area called Orumba North Local Government Area of Anambra state. Oko has five villages commonly referred to as EBENESE, and forty-five wards known as Umunna. The names of the villages are Ezioko, Eziabor, Okeani, Ihengwu and Ifite. It has the geographical coordinates of 6° 3' 0" North, 7° 06' 0" East. Oko is regarded as a citadel of learning due to the early embrace of western educations and establishment of first Polytechnic in the old Anambra (present Anambra, Enugu and part of Ebonyi) State in the town. It is also widely recognized because of its erosion site which has baffled geologists for many years and records have it that it is supposedly deeper than the Grand Canyon. The importance of Oko in the old Aguata Local Government Area (comprising Aguata, Orumba North and South) cannot be overemphasized when one notes that among the prominent sons of Aguata of colonial era inscribed on a marble wall within the Local Government secretariat, Oko has the highest number. These include the late Chiefs John Ifeakor, Ebenezer Otaluka( Aharinta), and Jerry Nwosu. The inscription is still there to date. Chief Otaluka was reputed to be the first person to own and drive a private car in the whole of Aguata Division. He was also said to have built the "first one story house" in the Division. His one story house has glass windows. People from far and near came to see this mansion of those days. Today a road he pioneered is named after him in Oko and is called Ezi-Ahari. Context_4 : The Ado-Odo/Ota Local Government Area is one of the 19 Local Government Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. It came into existence on May 19, 1989, following the merging of Ota, part of the defunct Ifo/Ota Local Government with Ado-Odo/Igbesa Areas of the Yewa South Local Government. Ado-Odo/Ota borders on metropolitan Lagos. The Local Government Area is the second largest in Ogun State and it is headquartered at Ota (or Otta) at to the north of the Area. Other towns and cities include Ado-Odo, Agbara, Igbesa, Iju-Ota, Itele, Kooko Ebiye Town, Owode, Sango Ota etc. Context_5 : Milton Ulladulla Hospital (abbreviated MUH) is a local public hospital located in the town of Milton, New South Wales. The hospital services the Milton Ulladulla district in the Shoalhaven. It is located on the Princes Highway at Milton and is approximately 7 km by road from Ulladulla. MUH is operated by the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District. In summer months, tourism brings a large influx of population to the region, requiring operational flexibility. Context_6 : Osogbo (also "Oṣogbo ", rarely "Oshogbo") is the state capital city of Osun. Osogbo city seats the Headquarters of both Osogbo Local Government Area (situated at Oke Baale Area of the city) and Olorunda Local Government Area (situated at Igbonna Area of the city). It is some 88 kilometers by road Northeast of Ibadan. It is also 100 kilometers by road South of Ilorin and 115 kilometers Northwest of Akure; Osogbo shares boundary with Ikirun, Ilesa, Ede, Egbedore and Iragbiji and is easily accessible from any part of the state because of its central nature. It is about 48 km from Ife, 32 km from Ilesa, 46 km from Iwo, 48 km from Ikire and 46 km from Ila-Orangun; The City boasted of a population of about 156,694 people, based on the 2006 Census; the postal code of the area is 230. Context_7 : Shinkafi is a Local Government Area in the Zamfara State of Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Shinkafi an area of about 674mk and population of 135,649 (2006 Census). It shares boundaries with Isa Local Government Area (Sokoto State) and Niger Republic from the north, Zurmi Local Government Area to the South and South-East, Maradun Local Government Area and Raba Local Government Area (Sokoto State) by the west. Distance from the State Capital, Gusau is approximately 116 km. Context_8 : Kajuru is a local government area in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Kajuru. Kajuru local government area is located on longitude 9° 59'N and 10° 55'N and latitude 7° 34'E and 8° 13'E with an area of 2,464 km. It was carved out of Chikun local government area in March 1997 by the military administration of Gen. Sani Abacha's regime. At creation, it was made up of two traditional districts which are kajuru and kufana. Additional districts were created bringing the number to 14 districts (Toro 2001). Context_9 : Mollymook is located on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia approximately three hours' drive south of Sydney within the City of Shoalhaven local government area. At the 2016 census , Mollymook had a population of 1,083 while the adjacent locality of Mollymook Beach was home to a further 2,447 people. Geographically, Mollymook is considered part of the Milton-Ulladulla district, a coastal corridor of urban development stretching from Burrill Lake, south of Ulladulla to Mollymook's northern neighbour, Narrawallee and the historic town of Milton a few kilometres inland. Context_10 : Wodzisław County (Polish: "powiat wodzisławski" ) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wodzisław Śląski, which lies 49 km south-west of the regional capital Katowice. The county contains three other towns: Rydułtowy, 7 km north of Wodzisław Śląski, Radlin, 4 km north-east of Wodzisław Śląski, and Pszów, 7 km north-west of Wodzisław Śląski. fact_1 : It is located on the Princes Highway at Milton and is approximately 7 km by road from Ulladulla. fact_2 : Ulladulla is a coastal town in New South Wales, Australia in the City of Shoalhaven local government area. Question: Milton Ulladulla Hospital is approximately 7 km by road from the town in which local government area?
Example Output: City of Shoalhaven
Example Input: Context_1 : The British film-making partnership of Michael Powell (1905–1990) and Emeric Pressburger (1902–1988)—together often known as The Archers, the name of their production company—made a series of influential films in the 1940s and 1950s. —24 films between 1939 and 1972—were mainly derived from original stories by Pressburger with the script written by both Pressburger & Powell. Powell did most of the directing while Pressburger did most of the work of the producer and also assisted with the editing, especially the way the music was used. Unusually, the pair shared a writer-director-producer credit for most of their films. The best known of these are "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp" (1943), "A Canterbury Tale" (1944), "A Matter of Life and Death" (1946), "Black Narcissus" (1947), "The Red Shoes" (1948), and "The Tales of Hoffmann" (1951). Context_2 : The United Kingdom has had a significant film industry for over a century. While film production reached an all-time high in 1936, the "golden age" of British cinema is usually thought to have occurred in the 1940s, during which the directors David Lean, Michael Powell, (with Emeric Pressburger) and Carol Reed produced their most highly acclaimed work. Many British actors have achieved international fame and critical success, including Maggie Smith, Michael Caine, Sean Connery and Kate Winslet. Some of the films with the largest ever box office returns have been made in the United Kingdom, including the second and third highest-grossing film series ("Harry Potter" and "James Bond"). Context_3 : Tedi Sarafian is an American screenwriter. He was a co-writer of "" (2003). He is the son of Richard C. Sarafian, and the brother of Richard Sarafian Jr. and Deran Sarafian and the nephew of Robert Altman. He also is the co-owner of Barefoot Sound, manufacturer of high-end recording monitors. Context_4 : Operation Crossbow, later re-released as The Great Spy Mission, is a 1965 British spy thriller and Second World War Metrocolor film about Operation Crossbow (1943−1945) in Panavision. It was directed by Michael Anderson and written by Emeric Pressburger, under the pseudonym "Richard Imrie", Derry Quinn and Ray Rigby from a story from Duilio Coletti and Vittoriano Petrilli. It was filmed at MGM-British Studios. Context_5 : Emeric Pressburger (5 December 19025 February 1988) was a Hungarian British screenwriter, film director, and producer. He is best known for his series of film collaborations with Michael Powell, in an award-winning collaboration partnership known as the Archers and produced a series of films, notably "49th Parallel" (1941), "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp" (1943), "A Matter of Life and Death" (1946, also called "Stairway to Heaven"), "Black Narcissus" (1947), "The Red Shoes" (1948), and "The Tales of Hoffmann" (1951). Context_6 : Richard Caspar Sarafian (April 28, 1930 – September 18, 2013) was an American television and film director and actor. He compiled a versatile career that spanned over five decades as a director, actor, and writer. He is best known as the director of the 1971 film "Vanishing Point". Context_7 : The Spy in Black (US: U-Boat 29) is a 1939 British film, and the first collaboration between the British filmmakers Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. They were brought together by Alexander Korda to make the World War I spy thriller by Joseph Storer Clouston into a film. Powell and Pressburger eventually made over 20 films during the course of their partnership. Context_8 : One Rainy Afternoon is a 1936 American romantic comedy film directed by Rowland V. Lee, starring Francis Lederer and Ida Lupino, and featuring Hugh Herbert, Roland Young and Erik Rhodes. It also marked the last film appearance by actress Florence Lawrence, who died in 1938, who had an uncredited bit role in the film. It was written by Stephen Morehouse Avery, with additional dialogue by Maurice Hanline, from the screenplay for the 1935 French film "Monsieur Sans-Gêne" by Emeric Pressburger and René Pujol, which was based on the story "The Satyr" by Pressburger. The film was reissued in 1948 as Matinee Scandal. Context_9 : Arthur Lawson (1908–1970) was a British art director. He had a long association with film directors Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, beginning in 1943 when he was floor manager on "The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp". Three years later, when Powell and Pressburger, also known as The Archers, made "A Matter of Life and Death", Lawson had graduated to assistant art director. He worked with Alfred Junge on the sets for "Black Narcissus" in 1947, and earned an Oscar for the set designs on "The Red Shoes" in 1948. Lawson’s association with Powell continued right through to "Peeping Tom" (1960). He received a BAFTA nomination for "The Bedford Incident" in 1965. Context_10 : A Canterbury Tale is a 1944 British film by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger starring Eric Portman, Sheila Sim, Dennis Price and Sgt. John Sweet; Esmond Knight provided narration and played several small roles. For the postwar American release, Raymond Massey narrated and Kim Hunter was added to the film. The film was made in black and white, and was the first of two collaborations between Powell and Pressburger and cinematographer Erwin Hillier. fact_1 : Emeric Pressburger (5 December 19025 February 1988) was a Hungarian British screenwriter, film director, and producer. fact_2 : Richard Caspar Sarafian (April 28, 1930 – September 18, 2013) was an American television and film director and actor. Question: Were Emeric Pressburger and Richard C. Sarafian in the same industry?
Example Output: | yes
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : Gorilla Tapes was the collective name of British Scratch Video artists Jon Dovey (b 1955), Gavin Hodge (b 1954) and Tim Morrison (b. 1955). 'Scratch' is the art of 'sampling' and repeating found images and sounds, thereby making a new work. With simple video editing equipment and images recorded from television, during the mid-1980s Gorilla Tapes made sharp satirical and political videos collaged from old film footage and the TV news imagery of the mid-Thatcher years. Gorilla Tapes have exhibited internationally in solo and group exhibitions. Highlights include participation in Tate Britain's A Century of Artists Films (2003). Context_2 : BigBang Vol. 1 – Since 2007 is the debut studio album by South Korean boy band Big Bang, released on December 22, 2006 through YG Entertainment. The album debuted at no. 3 on the old Recording Industry of Korea's music, moving 33,000 units in its first month. It went on to sell over 110,000 copies total. Members of the group participated in penning lyrics to their songs. Context_3 : Golden Sky is the third and final EP released by Japanese rock band, The Teenage Kissers. The EP was released January 21, 2016 to coincide with the beginning of their Golden Sky Tour. The EP was released in standard CD format, as well as 3 separate 2-song cassette tapes. It was announced that the Golden Sky tour will be the band's last tour and "Golden Sky" will be the band's final release. On May 20, 2016 the band announced they would be going on hiatus to focus on their respective solo projects. Context_4 : The New Basement Tapes is an American/British musical supergroup made up of members Jim James, Elvis Costello, Marcus Mumford, Taylor Goldsmith, and Rhiannon Giddens. The group is best known for "", their 2014 album which consists of tracks based on newly uncovered lyrics handwritten by Bob Dylan in 1967 during the recording of his 1975 album with The Band, "The Basement Tapes". The group is also featured in the 2014 Showtime documentary "Lost Songs: The Basement Tapes Continued". Context_5 : "One" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the third track from their 1991 album "Achtung Baby", and it was released as the record's third single in February 1992. During the album's recording sessions at Hansa Studios in Berlin, conflict arose between the band members over the direction of U2's sound and the quality of their material. Tensions almost prompted the band to break up until they achieved a breakthrough with the improvisation of "One"; the song was written after the band members were inspired by a chord progression that guitarist the Edge was playing in the studio. The lyrics, written by lead singer Bono, were inspired by the band members' fractured relationships and the German reunification. Although the lyrics ostensibly describe "disunity", they have been interpreted in other ways. Context_6 : From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". The film documents the album's difficult recording period, the band members' relationships, and the group's creative process. Guggenheim, who was commissioned by U2 to create the film to commemorate the record's 20th anniversary, spent several months in 2011 developing the documentary. The band were filmed during a return visit to Hansa Studios in Berlin where parts of the album were recorded, and during rehearsals in Winnipeg for the Glastonbury Festival 2011. The film contains unreleased scenes from the group's 1988 motion picture "Rattle and Hum", along with archival footage and stills from the "Achtung Baby" recording sessions. Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes. Context_7 : "Ça ira " (French: "it'll be fine") is an emblematic song of the French Revolution, first heard in May 1790. It underwent several changes in wording, all of which used the title words as part of the refrain. Context_8 : Born in Albenga, Fasano spent his childhood in Alassio and studied singing and composition with Pippo Barzizza. He debuted at 15 years old recording some songs for a small local label. Context_9 : Gene Adam was the original singer of Iced Earth/Purgatory. Adam joined Purgatory in 1985 and performed many shows with them, as well as recording several demo tapes. In 1988, the band changed their name to Iced Earth and added Randall Shawver as a second guitarist. Adam wrote the lyrics to "Written On The Walls", the only Iced Earth song he is noted as co-writing. The band began working on demos in 1988 and released their first official demo tape "Enter The Realm" in 1989, followed by the self-titled Iced Earth album in 1990. Gene continued to perform many shows with the band, notably touring Germany in early 1991 as support for Blind Guardian. Context_10 : "Where the Streets Have No Name" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the opening track from their 1987 album "The Joshua Tree" and was released as the album's third single in August 1987. The song's hook is a repeating guitar arpeggio using a delay effect, played during the song's introduction and again at the end. Lead vocalist Bono wrote the lyrics in response to the notion that it is possible to identify a person's religion and income based on the street on which they lived, particularly in Belfast. During the band's difficulties recording the song, producer Brian Eno considered erasing the song's tapes to have them start from scratch. fact_1 : From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". fact_2 : Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes. fact_3 : "One" is a song by Irish rock band U2. fact_4 : The lyrics, written by lead singer Bono, were inspired by the band members' fractured relationships and the German reunification. Question: Who wrote the lyrics to the emblematic song recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes in the film From the Sky Down?
Student: | Bono | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Dr. Frank Mickens (June 22, 1946 – July 9, 2009), was a nationally recognized New York City educator as principal of Boys and Girls High School at 1700 Fulton Street in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, one of America's toughest areas. The seventeenth largest high school in the United States, Boys and Girls High School has a student population of over four thousand students. Boys and Girls High School was built in the 1970s as a model 'education option' school, and Mickens successfully embraced this initiative as an administrator in the New York City Department of Education. His cigar-chomping tough no-nonsense 'take charge' clawhammer approach earned Mickens 'tough love' comparisons to Joe Louis Clark and the controversial nickname 'The Chancellor of Fulton Street'. Context_2 : Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno (August 15, 1911 – July 27, 1992) was a New York mobster who served as underboss and front boss of the Genovese crime family from 1981 until his conviction in 1986. Usually seen wearing a fedora and chomping on a cigar, he was nicknamed "Fat Tony" due to his size. Context_3 : Thomas Kapatos, also known as "The Greek" (died January 22, 1977) was a New York City mobster and an enforcer to Mickey Spillane during his war against Jimmy Coonan during the 1960s. He was born to Greek-American emigrants from Karpathos and his last name "Kapatos" is derived from the island. On the afternoon of January 22, 1977, Kapatos was gunned down on West 34th Street by a hired assassin in the employ of Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno; he had been one of many of who had been killed in a six-month killing spree to secretly eliminate Spillane's associates. Context_4 : Lewis "Lew" Baker (born c. 1825, date of death unknown) was a patrolman in the New York Police Department who was simultaneously employed as a "slugger" for Tammany Hall. He was involved in voter intimidation and election fraud during the 1840s and 1850s. A close friend and associate of Irish mob boss John Morrissey, Baker frequently battled supporters of the nativist Know-Nothing movement for over a decade. He is most remembered however as the assassin of William "Bill the Butcher" Poole. Baker shot and killed Poole in a Broadway saloon during a brawl. Both Baker and Morrissey were placed on trial for murder, but were acquitted. Context_5 : The Mafia Commission Trial (February 25, 1985 – November 19, 1986), officially known as United States v. Anthony Salerno, et al., was a criminal trial in New York City, United States. Using evidence obtained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, eleven organized crime figures, including the heads of New York's so-called "Five Families," were indicted by United States Attorney Rudolph Giuliani under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) on charges including extortion, labor racketeering, and murder for hire. The case struck a blow against "The Commission," a loose organization of the New York Mafia organizations that met to resolve disputes or discuss criminal activities, sometimes likened to organized crime's board of directors. "Time" magazine called this "Case of Cases" possibly "the most significant assault on the infrastructure of organized crime since the high command of the Chicago Mafia was swept away in 1943," and quoted Giuliani's stated intention: "Our approach... is to wipe out the five families." Context_6 : Denise Borino-Quinn (January 6, 1964 – October 27, 2010) was an American television actress who had a recurring role as Ginny Sacramoni, the wife of New York mob boss Johnny Sack in the television series "The Sopranos". Context_7 : Vincent "Vinny Ocean" Palermo (born June 4, 1944) is a former American mobster who was "de facto" boss of the New Jersey DeCavalcante crime family before becoming a government witness. Fictional mob boss Tony Soprano, the protagonist of the HBO series "The Sopranos", is said to be based upon Palermo. Context_8 : Michael James Genovese (April 9, 1919 – October 31, 2006) was an alleged boss of the Pittsburgh crime family. References to Michael Genovese as the brother of Vito Genovese are to a different Michael Genovese; Michael James Genovese was first cousin to New York mob boss Vito Genovese. Context_9 : Brotherhood is an American crime drama television series created by Blake Masters about the intertwining lives of the Irish-American Caffee brothers from Providence, Rhode Island: Tommy (Jason Clarke) is a local politician and Michael (Jason Isaacs) is a gangster involved with New England's Irish Mob. The show also features their mother Rose (Fionnula Flanagan), cousin Colin Carr (Brían F. O'Byrne), childhood friend and Rhode Island state detective Declan Giggs (Ethan Embry), Irish mob boss Freddie Cork (Kevin Chapman), Tommy's wife Eileen (Annabeth Gish), and Michael's criminal partner Pete McGonagle (Stivi Paskoski). Context_10 : Abraham "Bo" Weinberg (January 7, 1900 – September 9, 1935) was a Jewish New York City mobster who became a hitman and chief lieutenant for the Prohibition-era gang boss Dutch Schultz. As Schultz expanded his bootlegging operations into Manhattan during Prohibition, he recruited Abe Weinberg and his brother George into his gang. Abe Weinberg would become one of Schultz's top gunmen during the Manhattan Bootleg Wars and was a later suspect in the high-profile gangland slayings of Jack "Legs" Diamond, Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll, and mob boss Salvatore Maranzano. fact_1 : On the afternoon of January 22, 1977, Kapatos was gunned down on West 34th Street by a hired assassin in the employ of Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno; he had been one of many of who had been killed in a six-month killing spree to secretly eliminate Spillane's associates. fact_2 : Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno (August 15, 1911 – July 27, 1992) was a New York mobster who served as underboss and front boss of the Genovese crime family from 1981 until his conviction in 1986. fact_3 : Usually seen wearing a fedora and chomping on a cigar, he was nicknamed "Fat Tony" due to his size. Question: What was the nickname of Anthony Salerno, a large cigar-chomping New York mob boss said to be involved in the killing of Tom "The Greek" Kapatos in 1977?
[EX A]: Fat Tony
[EX Q]: Context_1 : John Wayne Gacy Jr. (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and rapist. He sexually assaulted, tortured and murdered at least 33 teenaged boys and young men between 1972 and 1978 in Cook County, Illinois (a part of metropolitan Chicago). Context_2 : When the Kite String Pops is the debut album of American sludge metal band Acid Bath. Released on August 8, 1994, it is considered an underground classic. The album's artwork is a painting made by notorious serial killer John Wayne Gacy while in prison awaiting execution, you can see that the balloons on the lower part contain both his nickname, "Pogo the clown", and his name, J. W. Gacy. On the Double Live Bootleg! DVD (2002), Dax Riggs introduced the song "Tranquilized" by saying, "This song is about getting high any way you do it, and kicking the earth from beneath you" and "Cheap Vodka" by saying, "This song is about getting wasted and killing things, blood, sex, and blasphemy." "Toubabo Koomi" is Cajun French for "land of the white cannibals." It was the only Acid Bath song that was made into a music video. The song "God Machine" begins with a spoken word introduction by Dax Riggs. Context_3 : Master of Brutality is the debut album by the Japanese stoner rock/doom metal band Church of Misery. Five of the six tracks are based on and titled after infamous serial killers, Edmund Kemper, Peter Sutcliffe, Herbert Mullin, and John Wayne Gacy (portrayed on the cover). The instrumental track "Green River" is inspired by serial killer Gary Ridgway. The first track "Killifornia" contains audio of spoken words by Ed Kemper. The artwork and booklet contains pictures and sketches of John Wayne Gacy; the back art has John Gacy dressed as "Pogo the Clown". Context_4 : Mirage (Macedonian: Илузија ; transliterated "Iluzija") is a 2004 Macedonian drama film starring Vlado Jovanovski, Mustafa Nadarević, Nikola Đuričko, and Dejan Aćimović, with Marko Kovačević debuting in its lead role. It was directed by Svetozar Ristovski, who co-wrote the film with Grace Lea Troje. Taking place in the city of Veles, the film is a coming-of-age story about a talented but abused schoolboy who is betrayed by illusory hopes of a better future and transformed by harsh circumstances into a criminal. It offers a grim depiction of post-independence Macedonia, portraying it as a site of violence and corruption. Context_5 : Stephen Gregory Bier Jr. (born March 6, 1964, Fort Lauderdale, Florida), formerly known by his stage name Madonna Wayne Gacy and by the nickname Pogo (John Wayne Gacy's clown name), is the former keyboard player for Marilyn Manson, from 1989 to 2007. His stage name came from the names of the singer Madonna and the serial killer John Wayne Gacy. Context_6 : The Mentally Ill were a punk band originating from Deerfield, Illinois in the late 1970s. Their legendary 1979 7" single Gacy's Place named after notorious serial killer John Wayne Gacy, is considered by many to be one of the most unusual records of the early Chicago punk rock scene. They also released Sex Cells 7" and then dropped into obscurity. Context_7 : Clyde Snow (January 7, 1928 – May 16, 2014) was a well-known U.S. forensic anthropologist. Some of his skeletal confirmations include John F. Kennedy, victims of John Wayne Gacy, King Tutankhamun, victims of the Oklahoma City bombing, and Dr. Josef Mengele. Context_8 : Gacy is a 2003 direct-to-video biographical-drama film directed by Clive Saunders and written by Saunders and David Birke. The story revolves around the life of serial killer John Wayne Gacy. Context_9 : Svetozar Ristovski (born January 26, 1972) is a Macedonian film director who now resides in Canada. His first film was the 2000 short "Hunter" about the psychological study of a wartime sniper. He marked his English language debut with 2010 "Dear Mr. Gacy" based on American serial killer John Wayne Gacy. In addition to the awards he won for "Mirage", he also won the Golden Lily Award at GoEast for "Joy of Life" in 2002. Context_10 : Dear Mr. Gacy is a 2010 Canadian drama thriller film directed by Svetozar Ristovski, starring William Forsythe and Jesse Moss. The film is based on Jason Moss's memoir, "The Last Victim". fact_1 : He marked his English language debut with 2010 "Dear Mr. Gacy" based on American serial killer John Wayne Gacy. fact_2 : John Wayne Gacy Jr. (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and rapist. Question: What kind of criminal does Svetozar Ristovski and John Wayne Gacy have in common?
[EX A]: serial killer
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Tiger Eyes is a young adult novel written by Judy Blume in 1981 about a 15-year-old girl attempting to cope with the unexpected death of her father. In 2012, the novel was adapted into a film of the same name, directed by Judy's son, Lawrence Blume and starring Willa Holland as Davey Wexler. Davey is often sad, depressed and defensive on everything. She has a short breakdown at her brother, Jason. Her mom becomes incapable of doing things about the house, making Davey more depressed. Context_2 : Grace Paley (December 11, 1922 – August 22, 2007) was an American short story writer, poet, teacher, and political activist. Context_3 : Then Again, Maybe I Won't is a young adult novel written by Judy Blume. Intended for pre-teens and teenagers, the novel deals with puberty from a 1970's male perspective as well as the other trials of growing up. Judy Blume claimed that she was inspired to write the story following the success of her preceding novel "Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret." Given her earlier novel was about a girl entering puberty making the transition to womanhood, she decided to write one about a boy going through puberty and making a transition to manhood. Context_4 : The One in the Middle Is the Green Kangaroo is a children's book published in 1969, written by Judy Blume with illustrations by Amy Aitken. It was Blume's first published work. It is about second-grader Freddy Dissel, a middle child who feels emotionally squashed between his older brother, Mike, and his younger sister, Ellen. He doesn't seem to get much attention, until he lands a role in a school play as a green kangaroo.It is a very popular book among children. Context_5 : The Judy Blume Diary is an activity book meant to be written in for approximately one year by aspiring writers. In 1981, Judy Blume created the book to finance her KIDS Fund, which promotes communication between children and their parents. Context_6 : Judy Blume (born Judith Sussman; February 12, 1938) is an American writer known for children's and young adult (YA) fiction. Some of her best known works are "Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret" (1970), "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing" (1972), "Deenie" (1973), and "Blubber" (1974). "The New Yorker" has called her books "talismans that, for a significant segment of the American female population, marked the passage from childhood to adolescence." Context_7 : Peter Warren Hatcher is a fictional character created by American author Judy Blume. He first appeared in the children's novel "Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing" and in several subsequent Blume stories, most of which focus on his younger brother Fudge. In the television series "Fudge", he is played by Jake Richardson. Context_8 : Sybil Claiborne (November 1, 1923 – December 16, 1992) was a novelist, short story writer, and antiwar activist, published stories in magazines like "The New Yorker" and "Esquire". Some of her writing was the basis for a program of comedy-dramas performed in Manhattan in 1978 at Symphony Space. Her collection of short stories, "Loose Connections", was published by Academy Chicago in 1988, and a novel, "A Craving for Women", was published by Dutton in 1989. Her final book, "In the Garden of Dead Cars", nominated for a feminist science fiction James Tiptree, Jr. Award, is a dystopian novel about a New York City plagued by insects and a Fascist government, was published in 1993. She was close friends with writer Grace Paley who dedicated her "Collected Stories" to Claiborne "my colleague in the Writing and Mother Trade... we talked and talked for nearly 40 years. Then she died. Three days before that, she said slowly, with the delicacy of an unsatisfied person with only a dozen words left, Grace, the real question is—how are we to live our lives?" Context_9 : Starring Sally J. Freedman as Herself is a 1977 young adult novel by Judy Blume. The story is set in 1947 and follows the imaginative 10-year-old Sally, who likes to make up stories in her head, when her family moves from New Jersey to Miami Beach. While not as controversial as some of her other novels, Blume does manage to address the following themes of late 1940s life in America: racism, anti-Semitism and sibling rivalry. This novel is her most autobiographical, with many parallels between Blume's own life and that of Sally. Blume has said, "Sally is the kind of kid I was at ten." Context_10 : In The Unlikely Event is a 2015 novel by Judy Blume. It follows fifteen year old Miri Ammerman and her family and friends as they cope with three plane crashes from December 1951 to February 1952 in their home of Elizabeth, New Jersey. This was Blume's first adult book in 17 years and one of only four adult books she has written in her career. fact_1 : Grace Paley (December 11, 1922 – August 22, 2007) was an American short story writer, poet, teacher, and political activist. fact_2 : Judy Blume (born Judith Sussman; February 12, 1938) is an American writer known for children's and young adult (YA) fiction. Question: Which writer was older, Grace Paley or Judy Blume?
[EX A]: | Grace Paley
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution is here: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this: Context_1 : Bramall Lane is a football stadium in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It is the home of Sheffield United. As the largest stadium in Sheffield during the 19th century it hosted most of the city's most significant matches including the final of the world's first football tournament, first floodlit match and several matches between the Sheffield and London Football Associations that led to the unification of their respective rules. It was also used by Sheffield Wednesday and Sheffield F.C. for major matches. It has been the home of Sheffield United since the club's establishment in 1889. It is the oldest major stadium in the world still to be hosting professional association football matches. Context_2 : During the 1992–93 English football season, Sheffield United competed in the inaugural season of the FA Premier League under manager Dave Bassett. Context_3 : Martin Stanford Peters MBE (born 8 November 1943) is an English former footballer and manager and a member of the England team which won the 1966 FIFA World Cup as well as playing in the 1970 FIFA World Cup. Born in Plaistow, Essex, he played club football for West Ham United, Tottenham Hotspur, Norwich City and Sheffield United. He briefly managed Sheffield United before retiring from professional football in 1981. Context_4 : Howard Kendall (22 May 1946 – 17 October 2015) was an English footballer and manager. Context_5 : The 1995-96 season was the 107th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One for the second successive season. In the first half of the season events in the boardroom overshadowed those on the pitch until Mike McDonald completed a successful take over of the club. Following his arrival manager Dave Bassett resigned and was replaced by Howard Kendall who was provided with the funds to overhaul the squad. A large number of changes were made to the playing squad over the following months meaning the club used more first-team players in one season than ever before. Although struggling for much of the season the new arrivals brought about a late rally and the club finished a respectable ninth in the division. Context_6 : The 1994-95 season was the 106th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One under manager Dave Bassett, having been relegated from the Premier League the previous season. With various factions attempting to take over the club, little money was invested in the side and they were unable to make an immediate return to the Premiership, finishing 8th. Context_7 : Mike Lake (born 16 November 1966 in Manchester) is an English retired footballer. After been a peripheral figure in his first few seasons at Sheffield United and hindered by injuries, Lake then featured more regularly in the early 1990's once United were back in the old First Division. Lakes time at United is best remembered during the 1991–92 season where he had a consistent spell in the team and scored 4 times in 4 games, all of which were opportunist and often spectacular. Lake with his distinctive long hair and sudden goal scoring streak became a cult-hero at United and as a result of the spectacular goals the Blades fans nicknamed Lake, Mike "Zico" Lake, after the famous Brazilian footballer Arthur Antunes Coimbra, better known as Zico. In particular, Lake is remembered at United for his long range goal against Southampton in a 4 - 2 victory at The Dell. The goal was also nominated for goal of the month and was described as a "Brazilian bender" by United's manager Dave Bassett. Lake also scored a second in the same match, again from long range, this time aided by a deflection. Context_8 : Patrick Darren Atkinson (born 22 May 1970 in Singapore) is an English former professional footballer. As a schoolboy he went to several clubs, Newcastle Utd, Sunderland, Notts County, and West Bromwich Albion where he shared digs with Alan Shearer. Paddy signed apprentice forms with Sheffield Utd in 1986 with Ian Portifield as manager. After 3 managers in 2 years (Ian Portifield, Billy McEwan, and Dave Bassett) Paddy went on loan to Hartlepool Utd and signed as a professional at 18 with John Bird as manager. He scored 2 goals on his debut Vs Lincoln City at the Victoria Ground in 1986. After 3 seasons making 30+ appearances and playing for a further 2 managers, Bob Moncur and Cyril Kowles, Paddy moved to Gateshead in the Conference. He scored Gateshead's 1st goal in the Conference league. Paddy moved to Barrow making 40+ appearances with Ray Wilkie as manager. Paddy moved to Workington for 2 seasons before a successful trial seen him move to Newcastle Utd. Paddy played in Newcastle Reserves Team scoring 12 goals in 3 seasons when Kevin Keegan was manager of the club. It was Kevin who recommended Paddy to the Singapore National Team and to York City in the 1st Division. Paddy Signed for York City making over 60 appearances in 3 seasons. Paddy moved on to Scarbrough in the 2nd Division and Mick Wadsworth was manager before moving and playing for Blyth Spartans while recovering from an operation. He moved north of the border playing for Queen of the South for 4 seasons in the Scottish 1st & 2nd Division. John Connelly was the manager and Paddy won a Second Division Championship and a Bells Scottish Cup. At 34 Paddy decided to take up his 1st coaching role and took Queen of the South's Reserve Team. In his first season, he won the Reserve League and Cup. Paddy later moved back home to the North East (Newcastle upon Tyne) and took on the Assistant Manager and 1st Team Coach's role at Newcastle Benfield in the Northern League. With Paul Baker as manager he won the League Cup. Paddy later took on the managers role with Tom wade and won the League, League Cup and Cleator Cup (4 trophies in 4 seasons). He then took on the 1st Team Coaches role at Bedlington Terriers before leaving in the summer of 2012 to take up a post at Blyth Spartans where he was assistant to Tommy Cassidy at the Northern Premier League side, before later a being appointed manager, a post he resigned from in 2013. On 9 January 2015 Paddy was appointed manager of Whitley Bay. Context_9 : The 1993-94 season was the 105th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in the Premier League under manager Dave Bassett. With little money to spend to improve the side it was a season of struggle which ended in relegation. Context_10 : William Bairstow was an English footballer who played for Sheffield United and Barnsley St. Peter's as an inside right or inside left. Born in Sheffield Bairstow had been playing for Sheffield Club when he was signed by newly formed Sheffield United in March 1890. He spent just over two years at Bramall Lane but as the team became more successful his appearances were limited to the large number of friendlies that the club still played at that time. fact_1 : The 1995-96 season was the 107th season in existence for Sheffield United, during which they played in Division One for the second successive season. fact_2 : Following his arrival manager Dave Bassett resigned and was replaced by Howard Kendall who was provided with the funds to overhaul the squad. fact_3 : Howard Kendall (22 May 1946 – 17 October 2015) was an English footballer and manager. Question: During the 1995-96 season, Sheffield United replaced Dave Bassett by the footballer who was of what nationality as manager?
Solution: | English | 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Hanford Dixon (born December 25, 1958) is a former professional American football cornerback who played his entire career (1981–1989) for the Cleveland Browns of the NFL. Dixon made the Pro Bowl three times, in 1986, 1987 and 1988. He was drafted by the Browns out of the University of Southern Mississippi with the 22nd pick in the first round of the 1981 NFL Draft. He also is credited with naming the Cleveland Browns "Dawg Pound," the section of the stadium known for their antics during Browns home games at the old Municipal Stadium inspired by Dixon's "barking" to teammates, especially fellow cornerback Frank Minnifield. Context_2 : The Ellis F. Corbett Health, Physical Education and Recreation Center, usually called simply the Corbett Sports Center and popularly referred to as the "Dawg Pound", is a multi-purpose arena in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States, on the campus of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. The complex is home to multiple North Carolina A&T Aggies athletic teams, including the men's and women's basketball teams as well as the women's volleyball and swimming teams. The complex, opened in 1978, is named after Ellis F. Corbett, a 1931 graduate of A&T. Affectionately known as "Mr.A&T", Corbett was, for many years, the director of public relations and executive secretary of the national alumni association. Context_3 : FirstEnergy Stadium, officially FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns, is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. It opened in 1999 as Cleveland Browns Stadium and was renovated in two phases in early 2014 and 2015. The initial seating capacity was listed at 73,200 people, but following the first phase of the renovation project in 2014, seating capacity was reduced to 67,431. Since 2017, capacity is listed at 67,895. The stadium sits on 31 acre of land between Lake Erie and the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the Great Lakes Science Center and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The site was previously the location of Cleveland Stadium from 1931 to 1996. Context_4 : Cleveland Stadium, commonly known as Municipal Stadium or Lakefront Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was one of the early multi-purpose stadiums, built to accommodate both baseball and football. The stadium opened in 1931 and is best known as the long-time home of the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball, from 1932 to 1993, and the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), from 1946 to 1995, in addition to hosting other teams, sports, and being a regular concert venue. The stadium was a four-time host of the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, one of the host venues of the 1948 and 1954 World Series, and the site of the original Dawg Pound, Red Right 88, and The Drive. Context_5 : GCS Ballpark is a minor league baseball facility in Sauget, Illinois, that serves as the home ballpark for the Gateway Grizzlies of the Frontier League. The Grizzlies' ballpark was built in time for the start of the 2002 season, under the original name of GMC Stadium. GCS Ballpark features reserved box seating, lawn seating, party suites, two hot tubs, and a section of bleacher seating. With the bleacher section added in 2004, the stadium's capacity has increased to 6,000 fans. In 2004, the Grizzlies became the first team in Frontier League history to draw over 200,000 fans for a season, finishing with a league best 217,500. ProGrass synthetic turf was installed at GCS Ballpark in January 2012. Context_6 : The Red Menace is the name of the bleacher section behind the North end zone in University Stadium, the home field of the New Mexico Lobos. It is known for having some of the most-rabid fans in the Mountain West Conference. Context_7 : The Dawg Pound is the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone in FirstEnergy Stadium, the home field of the Cleveland Browns, a National Football League (NFL) franchise based in Cleveland, Ohio. It is known for having passionate fans. Context_8 : Tsirio Stadium (Greek: Τσίρειο Στάδιο ) is an all seater multi-purpose stadium in Limassol, Cyprus. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of AEL Limassol, Apollon Limassol and Aris Limassol. In the past, especially in 1990s, it was used as the home ground for the Cyprus national football team. The stadium holds 13,331 people and was built in 1975 with the help of the generous contributor and great philanthropist, Mr. Petros I. Tsiros, a very generous benevolent benefactor and humanitarian of Cyprus, thus the name of the stadium. The stadium was built and opened in 1975 to replace the aging GSO Stadium. Context_9 : Kessler Stadium is a 4,200-seat football and track stadium in West Long Branch, New Jersey. It was built in 1993 and is home to the Monmouth University Hawks. Kessler Stadium underwent a massive renovation prior to the start of the 2017 football season that saw the seating capacity expand to more than 4,200 seats, including 800+ chair backs. A brand-new brick facade compliments the design of the OceanFirst Bank Center and the seating stretches end zone to end zone. Kessler Stadium is home to a state-of-the-art press box and mulitmedia center on the third fourth, a main concourse at ground level which is home to the Brockriede Family Concessions and the Austin Family Box Office. On the second floor, the Doherty Family Deck hosts Monmouth Athletics Blue-White Club events. Context_10 : Ulsan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in Ulsan Sports Complex, Ulsan, South Korea. Originally there was Ulsan Civic Stadium. In 2003, the City of Ulsan demolished the old stadium, which opened in 1970. Then, they built the Ulsan Sports Complex. Ulsan Sports Complex consist of the Ulsan Stadium and Dongchun Gymnasium. Ulsan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium which is mainly used for football; it was the home ground of the Ulsan Hyundai before they moved to Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium in 2001 and was the home stadium of Ulsan Hyundai Mipo Dockyard between 2005 and 2016. The stadium has a capacity for 19,471 spectators. fact_1 : The Dawg Pound is the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone in FirstEnergy Stadium, the home field of the Cleveland Browns, a National Football League (NFL) franchise based in Cleveland, Ohio. fact_2 : It is known for having passionate fans. fact_3 : FirstEnergy Stadium, officially FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns, is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. fact_4 : It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. Question: Name the NFL team based in Ohio whose home ground is a multi-purpose stadium which features The Dawg Pound, the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone known for having passionate fans?
[EX A]: Cleveland Browns
[EX Q]: Context_1 : The 1906 Atlantic hurricane season was the eleventh-deadliest Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history, with 381 deaths. The season was fairly active, with eleven storms, of which six became hurricanes and three became major hurricanes. The first storm of the season, a tropical storm in the northern Caribbean Sea, formed on June 8; although it struck the United States, no major impacts were recorded. July saw a period of inactivity, with no known storms. However, in August, the streak of inactivity ended with two storms, including a powerful hurricane. September brought three storms, including a deadly hurricane, with catastrophic impacts in Pensacola and Mobile. October included three storms, with a powerful hurricane that killed over 200 people. The final storm of the season impacted Cuba in early November and dissipated on November 9. Context_2 : The 1928 Atlantic hurricane season featured the Okeechobee hurricane, which was second deadliest tropical cyclone in the history of the United States. Only eight tropical cyclones developed during the season. Of these eight tropical systems, seven of them intensified into a tropical storm and four further strengthened into hurricanes. One hurricane deepened into a major hurricane, which is Category 3 or higher on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. The first system, the Fort Pierce hurricane, developed near the Lesser Antilles on August 3. The storm crossed the Bahamas and made landfall in Florida. Two fatalities and approximately $235,000 in damage was reported. A few days after the first storm developed, the Haiti hurricane, formed near the southern Windward Islands on August 7. The storm went on to strike Haiti, Cuba, and Florida. This storm left about $2 million in damage and at least 210 deaths. Impacts from the third system are unknown. Context_3 : The 1992 Atlantic hurricane season had one of the latest dates on record for the first named storm. The season officially began on June 1, 1992, and lasted until November 30, 1992. The first storm, an unnamed subtropical storm, developed in the central Atlantic on April 21, over a month before the official start of hurricane season. The most significant storm of the season was Hurricane Andrew, which at the time was the costliest United States hurricane. After crossing the Bahamas, the hurricane made landfall in Florida and Louisiana. It caused $26 billion (1992 USD) in damage, mostly in Florida, and 65 fatalities. Andrew was also the strongest hurricane of the season, reaching winds of 175 mph (280 km/h) while approaching Florida. Context_4 : Hurricane Gloria was the first significant system to strike the northeastern United States since Hurricane Agnes in 1972 and the first major storm to affect New York and Long Island directly since Hurricane Donna in 1960. It was also the most intense Category 4 hurricane that did not attain Category 5 status until surpassed by Hurricane Opal in the 1995 Atlantic hurricane season. It was a powerful Cape Verde-type hurricane that formed during the 1985 Atlantic hurricane season, originating from a tropical wave on September 16 in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. After remaining a weak tropical cyclone for several days, Gloria intensified into a hurricane on September 22 north of the Lesser Antilles. During that time, the storm had moved generally westward, although it turned to the northwest due to a weakening of the ridge. Gloria quickly intensified on September 24, and the next day reached peak winds of 145 mph (230 km/h). The hurricane weakened before striking the Outer Banks of North Carolina on September 27. Later that day, Gloria made two subsequent landfalls on Long Island and later western Connecticut, before becoming extratropical on September 28 over New England. The remnants moved through Atlantic Canada, eventually dissipating on October 2. Context_5 : The 1978 Atlantic hurricane season was the last Atlantic hurricane season to use an all-female naming list. The hurricane season officially began on June 1, and ended on November 30. It was an above average season due to a subsiding El Niño. The first storm, a subtropical storm, developed unusually early – on January 18 – and dissipated five days later without causing any damage. At the end of July and early August, short-lived Tropical Storm Amelia caused extensive flooding in Texas after dropping as much as 48 in of rain. There were 33 deaths and $110 million (1978 USD) in damage. Tropical Storm Bess and Hurricane Cora resulted in only minor land impacts, while the latter was attributed to one fatality. Context_6 : The 1925 Atlantic hurricane season was an inactive Atlantic hurricane season during which four tropical cyclones formed. Only one of them was a hurricane. The first storm developed on August 18, and the last dissipated on December 1. The season began at a late date, more than two months after the season began. The official start of the season is generally considered to be June 1 with the end being October 31; however, the final storm of the season formed nearly a month after the official end. Due to increased activity over the following decades, the official end of the hurricane season was shifted to November 30. Context_7 : The 2016 Atlantic hurricane season featured the highest amount of tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic basin since 2012, producing a total of 15 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes. It was also the most destructive season since 2012, and was the deadliest since at least 2008. The season officially started on June 1 and ended on November 30, though the first storm, Hurricane Alex which formed in the Northeastern Atlantic, developed on January 12, being the first hurricane to develop in January since 1938. The final storm, Otto, crossed into the Eastern Pacific on November 25, a few days before the official end. Following Alex, Tropical Storm Bonnie brought flooding to South Carolina and portions of North Carolina. Tropical Storm Colin in early June brought minor flooding and wind damage to parts of the Southeastern United States, especially Florida. Hurricane Earl left 94 fatalities in the Dominican Republic and Mexico, 81 of which occurred in the latter. In early September, Hurricane Hermine, the first hurricane to make landfall in Florida since Hurricane Wilma in 2005, brought extensive coastal flooding damage especially to the Forgotten and Nature coasts of Florida. Hermine was responsible for five fatalities and about $550 million (2016 USD) in damage. Context_8 : The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season was a below-average Atlantic hurricane season, featuring the fewest number of named storms since 1997. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates that conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season's first storm, Hurricane Arthur, developed on July 1; the season's final storm, Tropical Storm Hanna, degenerated on October 28. Context_9 : Hurricane Donna was the strongest hurricane of the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season, and caused severe damage to the Lesser Antilles, the Greater Antilles, and the East Coast of the United States, especially Florida, in August–September. The fifth tropical cyclone, third hurricane, and first major hurricane of the season, Donna developed south of Cape Verde on August 29, spawned by a tropical wave to which 63 deaths from a plane crash in Senegal were attributed. The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Donna by the following day. Donna moved west-northwestward at roughly and by September 1, it reached hurricane status. Donna deepened significantly and reached its peak intensity early on September 4, with maximum sustained winds of 160 mph (260 km/h). Thereafter, it weakened slightly as it brushed the Lesser Antilles later that day. On Sint Maarten, the storm left a quarter of the island's population homeless and killed seven people. An additional five deaths were reported in Anguilla, and there were seven other fatalities throughout the Virgin Islands. In Puerto Rico, severe flash flooding led to 107 fatalities, 85 of them in Humacao alone. Donna further weakened to a Category 3 hurricane late on September 5, but eventually became a Category 4 hurricane again. While passing through The Bahamas, several small island communities in the central regions of the country were leveled, but no damage total or fatalities were reported. Context_10 : The 1960 Atlantic hurricane season was the least active season since 1952. The season officially began on June 15, and lasted until November 15. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. The first system, an unnamed storm, developed in the Bay of Campeche on June 22. It brought severe local flooding to southeastern Texas and was considered the worst disaster in some towns since a hurricane in 1945. The unnamed storm moved across the United States for almost a week before dissipating on June 29. In July, Hurricane Abby resulted in minor damage in the Leeward Islands, before impacting a few Central American counties — the remnants of the storm would go on to form Hurricane Celeste in the East Pacific. Later that month, Tropical Storm Brenda caused flooding across much of the East Coast of the United States. The next storm, Hurricane Cleo, caused no known impact, despite its close proximity to land. fact_1 : Hurricane Donna was the strongest hurricane of the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season, and caused severe damage to the Lesser Antilles, the Greater Antilles, and the East Coast of the United States, especially Florida, in August–September. fact_2 : The first system, an unnamed storm, developed in the Bay of Campeche on June 22. Question: Where did the first storm in the hurricane season that included Hurricane Donna develop?
[EX A]: Bay of Campeche
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Harry Hartsell (June 29, 1890 – February 14, 1955) was an American football, basketball, and baseball player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at North Carolina State University—renamed from North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in 1918—for four seasons, in 1917 and again from 1921 to 1923, compiling a record of 16–18–4. He was also the head basketball coach at NC State for four seasons (1916–1918, 1921–1923), tallying a mark of 34–32, and the head baseball coach at the school for five seasons (1917–1918, 1921–1923), amassing a record of 52–37–4. Hartsell was born on June 29, 1890 in Asheville, North Carolina. He died at the age of 64 on February 14, 1955 at a hospital in Charlottesville, Virginia. Context_2 : Fantacollana was a series of fantasy books published in Italy by Editrice Nord. The first number, issued in May 1973, featured "The Jewels of Aptor" by Samuel R. Delany. The first issues, edited by Riccardo Valla, featured covers by artists such as Karel Thole, Michael Whelan and Frank Frazetta. Valla was replaced in the mid-1970s by Sandro Pergameno, who was followed by Alex Voglino. Context_3 : Adam Brown Littlepage (April 14, 1859 – June 29, 1921) was a lawyer and Democratic politician from West Virginia who served as a United States Representative. Congressman Littlepage was born near Charleston, West Virginia, in Kanawha County (then in Virginia) on April 14, 1859. He served as a member of the 62nd, 64th, and 65th United States Congresses. He died in Charleston, June 29, 1921. Context_4 : William Whiting (March 3, 1813 – June 29, 1873) was a United States Representative from Massachusetts. He was born in Concord on March 3, 1813. He attended Concord Academy and graduated from Harvard University in 1833. He taught school in Plymouth and Concord. Whiting graduated from Harvard Law School in 1838. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Boston. He served as solicitor of the War Department 1862-1865. In 1868 he was a presidential elector, and in 1872 was elected as a Republican to the Forty-third Congress. He served from March 4, 1873, until his death in Boston on June 29 that same year. His interment was in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord. Context_5 : Bobby London (born June 29, 1950 in Brooklyn) is an American underground comix and mainstream comics artist. His style evokes the work of early American cartoonists like George Herriman and Elzie Crisler Segar. Context_6 : Alberto Pérez Jiménez (May 15, 1975 – June 29, 2009) was a Mexican "Luchador" "enmascarado" who worked in the "Mini-Estrella" division from 1990 until his death in 2009. Alberto was best known under the ring name La Parkita, having used the name in Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA), the Mexican Independent circuit and Chikara in the United States. Alberto's brother and twin brother are also "Mini-Estrella Luchadors" under the names Espectrito and Espectrito II. On June 29, 2009 Alberto and his twin brother Alejandro were killed by prostitutes in Mexico City. Context_7 : Michael Whelan (born June 29, 1950) is an American artist of imaginative realism. For more than 30 years, he worked as an illustrator, specializing in science fiction and fantasy cover art. Since the mid-1990s, he has pursued a fine art career, selling non-commissioned paintings through galleries in the United States and through his website. Context_8 : Osmani Urrutia Ramírez (also spelled "Osmany") (born June 29, 1976 in Jobabo, Las Tunas Province, Cuba) is a Cuban baseball player. He plays right field for the Las Tunas Magos of the Cuban National Series and for the Cuban national baseball team. Context_9 : James Milton Kelly (May 5, 1946 – June 29, 2013), known professionally as Jim Kelly was an American athlete, actor, and martial artist. Kelly rose to fame in the early 1970s appearing in several Blaxploitation films. Kelly is perhaps best known for his role as Williams in the 1973 martial arts action film "Enter the Dragon". He also had lead roles in 1974's "Black Belt Jones" as the title character and "Three the Hard Way" as Mister Keyes. Kelly died of cancer on June 29, 2013 at age 67. Context_10 : Naseem Ahmed Kharal (Sindhi: نسيم کرل )(June 29, 1939 – July 14, 1978) was a Sindhi short story writer. He was born on June 29, 1939, in Kharalabad, Khairpur District, in what subsequently became Pakistan. fact_1 : The first issues, edited by Riccardo Valla, featured covers by artists such as Karel Thole, Michael Whelan and Frank Frazetta. fact_2 : Michael Whelan (born June 29, 1950) is an American artist of imaginative realism. Question: Which artist that worked on Fantacollana was born June 29, 1950?
[EX A]: | Michael Whelan
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
--------
Question: Context_1 : Hall of Fame Racing was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series racing team principally owned by Jeff Moorad, Tom Garfinkel, and Tom Davin. The team was created as a joint venture between former Dallas Cowboys quarterbacks Roger Staubach, Troy Aikman and Bill Saunders. The team has closed following the 2009 season, with its best season coming with Tony Raines and Ron Fellows (for the road courses) behind the wheel of the No. 96 DLP Chevrolet, finishing 25th in owners points in 2007. Context_2 : <onlyinclude>This is a complete list of American football players who have played for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). It includes players that have played at least one game in the NFL regular season. The Dallas Cowboys franchise was founded in 1960 as an expansion team. The team has earned the most postseason appearances (28, which includes another league record of 54 postseason games, winning 32 of them), the most appearances in the NFC Championship Game (14), and the 2nd most Super Bowl appearances (8), After the New England Patriots and their 9 Super Bowl appearances. The Cowboys have played for 10 NFL Championships and have won five, all five being Super Bowls.</onlyinclude> Context_3 : The 440 Alliance is an American cello rock band from Arlington, Texas consisting of five cellists and a percussionist. The group formed in 2004 and is known for their diverse approach to the cello, incorporating electric effects, turntables, piano, and mallet percussion. They received national exposure on NPR's "All Songs Considered", the Drew Pearson Show on Fox Sports, and on Fox's musical reality show, "The Next Great American Band". The group has performed at a number of private parties for celebrities including Troy Aikman (Former NFL Quarterback for the Dallas Cowboys), Jerry Jones (Dallas Cowboys owner), John Kirtland (Former drummer for Deep Blue Something and owner of Kirtland Records), Janine Turner (from Northern Exposure), members of the Dallas Symphony Orchestra, as well as the Dallas, TX movie premier for the film 'The Soloist' (starring Jamie Foxx and Robert Downey Jr.). Context_4 : Mark Pulemau Tuinei (March 31, 1960 – May 6, 1999) was an American football offensive tackle in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys. Known as a "gentle giant", his career lasted for 15 years (1983–1997) and his ability to protect quarterback Troy Aikman and to run-block for running back Emmitt Smith helped them win Super Bowls in 1992, 1993, and 1995 and the NFC East Division in 1985 and 1992-96. He was also selected for the Pro Bowl in 1994 and 1995. Context_5 : The 2000 Dallas Cowboys season was the 41st season for the team in the National Football League. Cowboys owner Jerry Jones would promote the team's long-time defensive coordinator, Dave Campo, to be the fifth head coach of the Dallas Cowboys. This was also Troy Aikman's last season with the team. Context_6 : Troy Kenneth Aikman (born November 21, 1966) is a former American football quarterback who played for the Dallas Cowboys in the National Football League (NFL). The number one overall draft pick in 1989, Aikman played twelve consecutive seasons as quarterback with the Cowboys. During his career he was a six-time Pro Bowl selection, led the team to three Super Bowl victories, and was the Super Bowl XXVII MVP. Aikman was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006 and to the College Football Hall of Fame on December 9, 2008 in New York City. Context_7 : The 2002 Dallas Cowboys season was the 43rd season for the team in the National Football League. It was Emmitt Smith's 13th and final season with the team, officially marking the end of the famed "triplets" tenure in Dallas after wide receiver Michael Irvin was forced to retire prematurely after the 1999 season and quarterback Troy Aikman retired prior to the start of the 2001 season. All three players would eventually be inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. It was also the last of three consecutive 5-11 finishes for the Cowboys, beginning in 2000. Context_8 : The 1993 Cleveland Browns season was the team's 44th season with the National Football League. This season was notable for coach Bill Belichick deciding to bench, and then ultimately release, longtime starting quarterback Bernie Kosar in favor of Vinny Testaverde. Kosar resurfaced during the season with the Dallas Cowboys, when he was part of the eventual Super Bowl champions as a fill-in for injured quarterback Troy Aikman. The Browns get off to a 5-2 start despite the Quarterback Controversy. Prior to the start of the season the Browns signed Free Agent Quarterback Vinny Testaverde. Originally Testaverde was supposed to back-up his former University of Miami teammate Bernie Kosar. However, when Testaverde performed better when given the opportunity to play some felt there should be a change at the Quarterback position. However, the Browns went beyond that by unceremoniously releasing Kosar in the middle of the season. The Browns lost their next four games and seven of their last nine games to finish with a 7-9 record. Context_9 : Michael Jerome Irvin (born March 5, 1966) is a retired American football player, actor, and sports commentator. Irvin played college football at the University of Miami, then for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL) for his entire pro athletic career (1988-1999), which ended due to a spinal cord injury. Irvin was nicknamed "The Playmaker" due to his penchant for making big plays in big games during his college and pro careers. He is one of three key Cowboys offensive players who helped the team attain three Super Bowl wins: he is known as one of "The Triplets" along with Troy Aikman and Emmitt Smith. He is also a former broadcaster for ESPN's "Sunday NFL Countdown" and currently an analyst for NFL Network. In 2007, he was selected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Context_10 : David Wayne Parks (born December 25, 1941 in Muenster, Texas) is a former American football wide receiver/end in the NFL. He was the first overall selection in the 1964 NFL Draft out of Texas Technological College (now Texas Tech University). Parks was selected to three Pro Bowls, and was an All-Pro selection two times. In 2008 Parks was selected to be enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame along with twelve other players and two coaches. Among the class of 2008 are such notables as Lou Holtz, Troy Aikman, Jay Novacek, and Thurman Thomas. He is one of only three people to be drafted #1 as a wide receiver, alongside Irving Fryar in 1984 and Keyshawn Johnson in 1996 fact_1 : David Wayne Parks (born December 25, 1941 in Muenster, Texas) is a former American football wide receiver/end in the NFL. fact_2 : Among the class of 2008 are such notables as Lou Holtz, Troy Aikman, Jay Novacek, and Thurman Thomas. fact_3 : Troy Kenneth Aikman (born November 21, 1966) is a former American football quarterback who played for the Dallas Cowboys in the National Football League (NFL). Question: Both David Parks and Troy Aikman are former American football players, who played for the Dallas cowboys?
Answer: Troy Aikman
Question: Context_1 : The Orange County Water District (OCWD) is a California special district that manages the groundwater basin beneath central and northern Orange County, California. The groundwater basin provides a water supply to 19 municipal water agencies and special districts that serve more than 2.4 million Orange County residents. The Orange County Water District's service area covers approximately 350 square miles and the District owns approximately 1,600 acres in and near the Santa Ana River, which it uses to capture water flows for groundwater recharge. Additionally, OCWD owns approximately 2,150 acres of land above the Prado Dam in the Prado Reservoir and uses that land for water conservation, water storage and water quality improvements. OCWD's administrative offices and the Groundwater Replenishment System (GWRS) facilities are located in Fountain Valley, while OCWD operates various groundwater recharge facilities located in Anaheim and Orange. Context_2 : The Gold Ridge Fire Protection District is a special district governed by a board of directors, that provides fire protection and emergency medical services in the unincorporated areas of Sebastopol, California including; Hessel, Twin Hills, and Freestone. The district was formed in a merger and reorganization of the Twin Hills Fire District and the Hessel Fire District in 1993. The district includes approximately 75 sqmi and serves a population of approximately 25,000. Gold Ridge Fire Protection District has a memorandum of understanding with the Bennett Valley Fire Protection District (a separate special district also located in Sonoma County) which allows for sharing of overhead and staff. Gold Ridge Fire Protection District works in close coordination with its surrounding fire districts/departments and provides automatic and mutual aid for all types of incidents and station cover assignments. Context_3 : Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, limited purpose entities, or special-purpose districts in the United States) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term "special district governments" as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2007, the U.S. had more than 39,000 special district governments. Context_4 : Liuzhi Special District (六枝特区 liùzhī tèqū) is a district of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of Liupanshui city. It is located 25°59'-26°22'N and 105°08'-105°43'E. It is located in the western part of Guizhou Province. It is bounded by Zhijing and Nayong to the north, Guanling to the south, Zhenning and Puding to the east, Shuichen to the west, as well as Qinglong and Pu'an to the southwest. The area is approximately 1,792 square kilometers. The population is 652,500. There are about 31 ethnic minorities. Context_5 : AC Transit (Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District) is an Oakland-based public transit agency serving the western portions of Alameda and Contra Costa counties in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. AC Transit also operates "Transbay" routes across San Francisco Bay to San Francisco and selected areas in San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. AC Transit is constituted as a special district under California law. It is governed by seven elected members (five from geographic wards and two at large). It is not a part of or under the control of Alameda or Contra Costa counties or any local jurisdictions. Context_6 : Wanshan District () is a district of the city of Tongren, Guizhou province, People's Republic of China. Wanshan was known as Wanshan Special District (万山特区) until November 2011, when it was renamed Wanshan District. The district has an area of 338 km2 and in 2002 had a population of 60,000. Context_7 : The Santa Clara Valley Open Space Authority (OSA) is an independent special district in Santa Clara County, California, U.S. A bill signed by Governor Wilson in 1992, SB2027, created the district as the Santa Clara County Open Space Preserve as of February 1, 1993. In 2015, Governor Jerry Brown signed California Senate Bill SB422 to rename the authority with "Valley" instead of "County." The OSA serves areas of the county outside the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District with the exception of Gilroy. The OSA uses $4.2 million per year from a $12-per-parcel property-tax assessment to hire rangers and to open land to the public. Context_8 : Xinhua Township () is a township of Liuzhi Special District, Liupanshui, Guizhou, People's Republic of China, located more than 65 km south-southeast of downtown as the crow flies. , it has one residential community (居委会) and nine villages under its administration. Context_9 : Sanya () is the southernmost city on Hainan Island, and one of the four prefecture-level cities of Hainan Province, in Southeast China. Context_10 : Azhihe River Bridge is a 247 metre high suspension bridge in the Liuzhi Special District, Guizhou, China. s of 2017 , it is among the thirty highest bridges in the world. The bridge is located on the Shuihuang highway between Guanling and Liupanshui. The 283 metre span crosses the valley of the Azhihe River, a small tributary of the Beipan River. fact_1 : Sanya () is the southernmost city on Hainan Island, and one of the four prefecture-level cities of Hainan Province, in Southeast China. fact_2 : Liuzhi Special District (六枝特区 liùzhī tèqū) is a district of Guizhou, China. Question: Are the Liuzhi Special District and Sanya both areas that can be found in China?
Answer: yes
Question: Context_1 : Gorilla Tapes was the collective name of British Scratch Video artists Jon Dovey (b 1955), Gavin Hodge (b 1954) and Tim Morrison (b. 1955). 'Scratch' is the art of 'sampling' and repeating found images and sounds, thereby making a new work. With simple video editing equipment and images recorded from television, during the mid-1980s Gorilla Tapes made sharp satirical and political videos collaged from old film footage and the TV news imagery of the mid-Thatcher years. Gorilla Tapes have exhibited internationally in solo and group exhibitions. Highlights include participation in Tate Britain's A Century of Artists Films (2003). Context_2 : BigBang Vol. 1 – Since 2007 is the debut studio album by South Korean boy band Big Bang, released on December 22, 2006 through YG Entertainment. The album debuted at no. 3 on the old Recording Industry of Korea's music, moving 33,000 units in its first month. It went on to sell over 110,000 copies total. Members of the group participated in penning lyrics to their songs. Context_3 : Golden Sky is the third and final EP released by Japanese rock band, The Teenage Kissers. The EP was released January 21, 2016 to coincide with the beginning of their Golden Sky Tour. The EP was released in standard CD format, as well as 3 separate 2-song cassette tapes. It was announced that the Golden Sky tour will be the band's last tour and "Golden Sky" will be the band's final release. On May 20, 2016 the band announced they would be going on hiatus to focus on their respective solo projects. Context_4 : The New Basement Tapes is an American/British musical supergroup made up of members Jim James, Elvis Costello, Marcus Mumford, Taylor Goldsmith, and Rhiannon Giddens. The group is best known for "", their 2014 album which consists of tracks based on newly uncovered lyrics handwritten by Bob Dylan in 1967 during the recording of his 1975 album with The Band, "The Basement Tapes". The group is also featured in the 2014 Showtime documentary "Lost Songs: The Basement Tapes Continued". Context_5 : "One" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the third track from their 1991 album "Achtung Baby", and it was released as the record's third single in February 1992. During the album's recording sessions at Hansa Studios in Berlin, conflict arose between the band members over the direction of U2's sound and the quality of their material. Tensions almost prompted the band to break up until they achieved a breakthrough with the improvisation of "One"; the song was written after the band members were inspired by a chord progression that guitarist the Edge was playing in the studio. The lyrics, written by lead singer Bono, were inspired by the band members' fractured relationships and the German reunification. Although the lyrics ostensibly describe "disunity", they have been interpreted in other ways. Context_6 : From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". The film documents the album's difficult recording period, the band members' relationships, and the group's creative process. Guggenheim, who was commissioned by U2 to create the film to commemorate the record's 20th anniversary, spent several months in 2011 developing the documentary. The band were filmed during a return visit to Hansa Studios in Berlin where parts of the album were recorded, and during rehearsals in Winnipeg for the Glastonbury Festival 2011. The film contains unreleased scenes from the group's 1988 motion picture "Rattle and Hum", along with archival footage and stills from the "Achtung Baby" recording sessions. Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes. Context_7 : "Ça ira " (French: "it'll be fine") is an emblematic song of the French Revolution, first heard in May 1790. It underwent several changes in wording, all of which used the title words as part of the refrain. Context_8 : Born in Albenga, Fasano spent his childhood in Alassio and studied singing and composition with Pippo Barzizza. He debuted at 15 years old recording some songs for a small local label. Context_9 : Gene Adam was the original singer of Iced Earth/Purgatory. Adam joined Purgatory in 1985 and performed many shows with them, as well as recording several demo tapes. In 1988, the band changed their name to Iced Earth and added Randall Shawver as a second guitarist. Adam wrote the lyrics to "Written On The Walls", the only Iced Earth song he is noted as co-writing. The band began working on demos in 1988 and released their first official demo tape "Enter The Realm" in 1989, followed by the self-titled Iced Earth album in 1990. Gene continued to perform many shows with the band, notably touring Germany in early 1991 as support for Blind Guardian. Context_10 : "Where the Streets Have No Name" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the opening track from their 1987 album "The Joshua Tree" and was released as the album's third single in August 1987. The song's hook is a repeating guitar arpeggio using a delay effect, played during the song's introduction and again at the end. Lead vocalist Bono wrote the lyrics in response to the notion that it is possible to identify a person's religion and income based on the street on which they lived, particularly in Belfast. During the band's difficulties recording the song, producer Brian Eno considered erasing the song's tapes to have them start from scratch. fact_1 : From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". fact_2 : Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes. fact_3 : "One" is a song by Irish rock band U2. fact_4 : The lyrics, written by lead singer Bono, were inspired by the band members' fractured relationships and the German reunification. Question: Who wrote the lyrics to the emblematic song recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes in the film From the Sky Down?
Answer: | Bono
| 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Gillot was a 17th/18th-century French theatre manager and playwright about whom we have no information except that he wrote farces and puppets plays for the Théâtre de la foire Saint-Germain at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. We have four burlesque plays by him whose main character is Pulcinella from the commedia dell'arte: Context_2 : Gunston Street is a weekly comic strip that is written and illustrated by Basil Zaviski. The main character Phil, is based on Basil's father Phillip Zaviski, who served with Basil in the same National Guard Unit for over 7 years. Although the main character is based on his father, the strips are that of Basil Zaviski's experiences. The heavy leaning storyline of the main character "Phil" tends to focus on the life and times of your average Army National Guardsman and their daily struggles with deployments, family and combat. Context_3 : "My Platonic Sweetheart" is a short dream narrative written by American writer Mark Twain. It was originally titled "The Lost Sweetheart" and written during Jul–Aug 1898, but only published in late 1912. The main character (believed to represent Twain) has several dreams throughout his life about the same woman. The narrative depicts five of these dreams, and in each dream the main character and the woman take on different names. The woman's appearance (hair and eye color) also changes in each dream. However, the characters' ages in the dreams remain the same, he is seventeen and she is fifteen, and the two characters never fail to recognize each other. Context_4 : Lucas "Snapper" Carr is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character, whose fictional nickname is almost always used by other characters in favor of his given name, was created by Gardner Fox (writer) and Mike Sekowsky (penciller), and made his first appearance in "The Brave and the Bold" in February 1960. From 1960 to 1969, Snapper Carr appeared as a supporting character to the Justice League of America, a superhero team. The character occasionally appeared in comics featuring the Justice League from 1969 to 1989, when the "Invasion!" limited-series comic book gave him superpowers. He was associated with a new superhero team, The Blasters, in various comics until 1993, when he lost his powers and became a main character in the "Hourman" comic book. After the cancellation of "Hourman" in April 2001, he became a main character in the "Young Justice" comic book beginning in December 2001. "Young Justice" was cancelled in May 2003, and he became associated with the governmental organization Checkmate, a role revealed when the character played a small but important role in the 2007-2008 limited series comic book "52 Aftermath: The Four Horsemen". The character made major appearances in "Final Crisis: Resist" in December 2008 and "Justice League of America 80-Page Giant" in November 2009. Context_5 : Pimpa or La Pimpa is an Italian comic strip created by Francesco Tullio Altan, whose main character is a red-spotted female dog. Context_6 : Bells Are Ringing is a musical with a book and lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green and music by Jule Styne. The story revolves around Ella, who works at an answering service, and the characters that she meets there. The main character was based on Mary Printz, who worked for Green's answering service. Three of the show's tunes, "Long Before I Knew You," "Just in Time," and "The Party's Over", became popular standards. Context_7 : Senninha is a Brazilian comic book series created by Rogério Martins and Ridaut Dias Jr., whose main character is based upon Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna. Context_8 : Count Aymar Eugène de la Baume Pluvinel (6 November 1860 – 18 July 1938) was a French astronomer and professor in the "Grandes écoles SupOptique" ("École supérieure d'optique"). He belonged to an old noble family, whose main character was Antoine de Pluvinel, King Louis XIII's master of equitation. Context_9 : "Just in Time" is a popular song with the melody written by Jule Styne and the lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green. It was introduced by Judy Holliday and Sydney Chaplin in the musical "Bells Are Ringing" in 1956. Judy Holliday and Dean Martin sang the song in the 1960 film of "Bells Are Ringing". Martin then recorded it for his 1960 album, "This Time I'm Swingin'!". Context_10 : Talent High School - Il sogno di Sofia is an Italian sitcom, produced by Lux Vide, whose main character, Sofia, played by Alice Bellagamba, is a young girl passionate about dancing. fact_1 : It was introduced by Judy Holliday and Sydney Chaplin in the musical "Bells Are Ringing" in 1956. fact_2 : The main character was based on Mary Printz, who worked for Green's answering service. Question: The song "Just in Time" was introduced in a musical whose main character is based on what woman?
SOLUTION: Mary Printz
PROBLEM: Context_1 : The West Gate Tunnel, originally known as the Western Distributor, is a proposed 5 kilometre toll road in Melbourne, Australia, to link the West Gate Freeway at Yarraville with CityLink at Docklands via a tunnel beneath Yarraville. The $5.5 billion project was proposed by infrastructure company Transurban in 2014 as a means of alleviating congestion on the M1 corridor, providing a new river crossing as an alternative to the West Gate Bridge and moving trucks away from homes in the city's inner west. The freeway-standard link would include a 1.5 km-long, six-lane tunnel and a new bridge over the Maribyrnong River. The Victorian government announced in December 2015 it would proceed with the project. Major construction of the tunnel and elevated tollway is scheduled to begin in early 2018 and be completed in 2022. Context_2 : The Vigra Fixed Link (Norwegian: "Vigrasambandet" ), also known as the Ålesund Tunnels ("Ålesundtunnelene" ), is a fixed link connecting the archipelago and municipality of Giske and the island of Ellingsøya to the mainland and the island city of Ålesund. It consists of the 3520 m long Ellingsøy Tunnel between Ålesund and Ellingsøya, the 4222 m long Valderøy Tunnel connecting the islands of Ellingsøya and Valderøya, the 3844 m long Godøy Tunnel between the islands of Valderøya and Godøy, and the Giske Bridge from Valderøya to Giske island. Valderøya was already connected by bridge to the island of Vigra, which meant that the fixed link also connected the city of Ålesund to Ålesund Airport, Vigra. The fixed link opened between 1987 and 1989, and was financed as a toll road. The link is part of Norwegian National Road 658 and Norwegian County Road 658. Context_3 : Long Island Sound is a tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean, lying between the eastern shores of Bronx County, New York City, southern Westchester County, and Connecticut to the north, and the North Shore of Long Island, to the south. From east to west, the sound stretches 110 miles (177 km) from the East River in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. A mix of freshwater from tributaries and saltwater from the ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to . Context_4 : The Langfjord Tunnel is a proposed subsea road tunnel which would cross Langfjorden between Molde and Rauma in Norway. It may also be built with a branch to the island of Sekken. As part of County Road 64, the tunnel would replace the Åfarnes–Sølsnes Ferry, and allow Romsdal ferry-free access to Eastern Norway, as well as connect Molde and Rauma. If the branch is built, it would replace the Molde–Sekken Ferry, giving the island a fixed link. The main tunnel would be between 10 and long, which the branch would be slightly shorter than 5 km long. The tunnel would reach 330 m below mean sea level, making it the deepest subsea tunnel in the world. It would also be the longest subsea tunnel in Norway. Context_5 : Interstate 287 (I-287) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US states of New Jersey and New York. It is a partial beltway around New York City, serving the northern half of New Jersey and the counties of Rockland and Westchester in New York. I-287, which is signed north–south in New Jersey and east–west in New York, follows a roughly horseshoe-shaped route from the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) in Edison Township, New Jersey, clockwise to the New England Thruway (I-95) in Rye, New York, for 98.72 mi . Through New Jersey, I-287 runs west from its southern terminus in Edison through suburban areas. In Bridgewater Township, the freeway takes a more northeasterly course, paralleled by U.S. Route 202 (US 202). The northernmost part of I-287 in New Jersey passes through mountainous surroundings. After crossing into New York at Suffern, I-287 turns east on the New York State Thruway (I-87) and runs though Rockland County. After crossing the Hudson River on the Tappan Zee Bridge, I-287 splits from I-87 near Tarrytown and continues east through Westchester County on the Cross-Westchester Expressway until it reaches the New England Thruway. Context_6 : The Throgs Neck Bridge is a suspension bridge opened on January 11, 1961, which carries Interstate 295 over the East River where it meets the Long Island Sound. The bridge connects the Throggs Neck section of the Bronx with the Bay Terrace section of Queens. It is the newest bridge across the East River and was built to relieve traffic on the Bronx-Whitestone Bridge 2 miles to the west, which opened in 1939. The Throgs Neck Bridge is the easternmost crossing off of Long Island. Due to this and its proximity to both the Cross Bronx Expressway and the New England Thruway, it is the closest route from Long Island to New Jersey via the George Washington Bridge; upstate New York; Connecticut; and other points north and east. Context_7 : The 2006 Westchester County tornado was the strongest and largest tornado in the history of Westchester County, New York. It touched down there on July 12, 2006 and traveled 13 mi into southwestern Connecticut during a 33-minute span through two states. The tornado touched down at 3:30 p.m. EDT (19:30 UTC) on the shore of the Hudson River before becoming a waterspout and traveling 3 mi across the river. Coming ashore, the tornado entered Westchester County and struck the town of Sleepy Hollow at F1 intensity. After passing through the town, it intensified into an F2 tornado and grew to almost a quarter of a mile (400 m) in diameter. The tornado continued through the county, damaging numerous structures, until it crossed into Connecticut at 4:01 p.m. EDT (20:01 UTC). Not long after entering the state, it dissipated in the town of Greenwich at 4:03 p.m. EDT (20:03 UTC). When the tornado entered Westchester County, it was the eighth known tornado to either touch down or enter the county since 1950. Context_8 : The Long Island Sound link is a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut, across the Long Island Sound east of the Throgs Neck Bridge. The most recent proposal involves a tunnel between Rye, New York, on the mainland and Oyster Bay on the island. Feasibility studies for both bridges and tunnels have been conducted for numerous entry points, as listed in the chart below. Context_9 : The Bjarkøy Fixed Link (Norwegian: "Bjarkøyforbindelsen" ) is a proposed fixed link which will connect the three islands of Bjarkøya, Sandsøya, and Grytøya in the municipality of Harstad in Troms county, Norway. Grytøya and Bjarkøya will be connected by a subsea road tunnel and a bridge will connect Grytøya and Sandsøya. The tunnel to Bjarkøya will be 3.25 km long. The bridge to Grytøya would be 300 m long plus a 900 m long causeway. The project also includes 3 km of road on Grytøya to connect the existing roads to the new undersea tunnel. The Bjarkøy Tunnel will be part of Norwegian County Road 867, while the Sandsøya Bridge will be part of Norwegian County Road 124. Context_10 : Janet Marie DiFiore (born August 9, 1955) is an American judge who since 2016 has been the Chief Judge of the State of New York. A New York native, DiFiore graduated from Long Island University and St. John's University School of Law. As a practicing attorney, DiFiore worked in a law firm and in the Westchester District Attorney's Office. DiFiore then was elected a judge of the Westchester County Court, and was subsequently named a justice on the New York Supreme Court (the state trial court in New York), serving in that post from 2003 to 2005. DiFiore left the bench to become district attorney of Westchester County, New York in 2006; she stayed in that position nearly a decade, until Governor Andrew Cuomo appointed her to the New York Court of Appeals. fact_1 : The Throgs Neck Bridge is a suspension bridge opened on January 11, 1961, which carries Interstate 295 over the East River where it meets the Long Island Sound. fact_2 : The Long Island Sound link is a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut, across the Long Island Sound east of the Throgs Neck Bridge. Question: Which bride is the the eastern most crossing off of a proposed bridge or tunnel that would link Long Island, New York, to Westchester County or Connecticut?
SOLUTION: The Throgs Neck Bridge
PROBLEM: Context_1 : The Hill of Tara (, "Teamhair" or "Teamhair na Rí"), located near the River Boyne, is an archaeological complex that runs between Navan and Dunshaughlin in County Meath, Ireland. It contains a number of ancient monuments and, according to tradition, was the seat of the High King of Ireland. Context_2 : Éigse: A Journal of Irish Studies is an academic journal devoted to the study of the Irish language and literature. It began in 1923 as part of an initiative by the Senate of the National University of Ireland to use the Adam Boyd Simpson Fund for the publication of an Irish studies journal. This journal, called Lia Fáil, first appeared in 1926 and was edited by Douglas Hyde, professor of Modern Irish at University College Dublin (UCD). A second volume appeared in 1932, when prof. Hyde retired from UCD, later becoming the first President of Ireland. When in 1938, the fund was exclusively set aside for the publication of the journal, Gerard Murphy stepped into Hyde's shoes and changed the name to Éigse: A Journal of Irish Studies, which saw its first volume in 1939. Since then, the journal has appeared on a regular basis. The current editor-in-chief is Liam MacMathúna. Context_3 : Gleann Gabhra is a small award-winning Irish cheese company owned by Dominic and Fionnuala Gryson located in Macetown near the Hill of Tara in County Meath, Ireland, producing a single cheese, Tara Bán, a mild-flavoured goat's Cheddar with a firm texture and brilliant white colour. Dominic and Fionnuala Gryson began producing cheese here in 2010 using pasteurised milk from his herd of goats. Context_4 : Tara Hall is a Georgian manor house in the village of Wellington, in Prince Edward County in Ontario, Canada. It was built by merchant and postmaster Archibald McFaul between 1837 and November,1839. McFaul named the house "Tara Hall" after the ancient Irish legend of Tara's Banquet Hall at the Hill of Tara The Hall is a well-preserved example of Regency-era Georgian architecture in the United Empire Loyalist style. unique to the region. It is listed on the register of historic buildings of Prince Edward County and is protected under the Ontario Heritage Act of the Province of Ontario and has been described as “an outstanding achievement in its day” Context_5 : The Lia Fáil (] , meaning Stone of Destiny) is a stone at the Inauguration Mound (Irish: "an Forrad" ) on the Hill of Tara in County Meath, Ireland, which served as the coronation stone for the High Kings of Ireland. It is also known as the Coronation Stone of Tara. In legend, all of the kings of Ireland were crowned on the stone up to Muirchertach mac Ercae c. AD 500. Context_6 : The hill is located in the heart of Tara Hill village. Tara Hill has many facilities including a church, a primary school (St Kevins) and a local shop (Siopa linn). The local GAA club (Castletown Liam Mellows) is located just meters down the road on the Castletown, Tara Hill border. Context_7 : Following the outbreak of the rebellion signaled in Meath by the prearranged signal of the ceasing of a mail coach near Turvey hill, road blocks were posted on the Navan road United Irishmen and rebels in Meath began to assemble at the hill of Tara. Tara was chosen as it provided strategic control of road access to the capital Dublin and cultural significance as the former seat of the high kings of Ireland. Between 4,000-7,000 rebels gathered at the hill. There were incidents of violent encounters throughout the countryside as rallying rebels made their way to Tara from the outbreak of the rebellion on the 23rd to the day of the battle on the 26th. Context_8 : Tara was a house on St. Anns Hill, Chertsey, Surrey owned by The Who's drummer Keith Moon in the 1970s, but was demolished and replaced by a new home in 1990. The press party for the release of the "Who's Next" album was held at Tara. Context_9 : Korakhai is a traditional Oriya food, mainly served as a prasad in temples. It is a common food in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.Pilgrims offers Kuakhai as a form of prasad to lord Lingaraj. It is also a form of caramelized Lia. Context_10 : The Long Island Association (LIA) is the leading business organization in the Long Island region. The LIA's members are small and large businesses, technology and manufacturing companies, universities, financial service firms, banks, credit unions, hospitals, media companies and sole proprietors, which together employ two thirds of Long Island's workforce.The LIA is the largest and oldest group within the business lobby of Long Island, New York. Four archived "New York Times" stories from the 1920s preserve the LIA’s rhapsodic early efforts to promote business relocation from New York City. The LIA website’s history section states: Incorporated on July 26, 1926 as the Long Island Chamber of Commerce, the LIA still today takes its mission very seriously: "To support growth, economic development and infrastructure investments on Long Island and to advocate for tax reforms and regulatory relief to improve the local economy and strengthen our business community." The LIA’s own headquarters remained in Manhattan until 1949. It is now based in Melville. fact_1 : The Lia Fáil (] , meaning Stone of Destiny) is a stone at the Inauguration Mound (Irish: "an Forrad" ) on the Hill of Tara in County Meath, Ireland, which served as the coronation stone for the High Kings of Ireland. fact_2 : The Hill of Tara (, "Teamhair" or "Teamhair na Rí"), located near the River Boyne, is an archaeological complex that runs between Navan and Dunshaughlin in County Meath, Ireland. Question: What island does Lia Fáil and Hill of Tara have in common?
SOLUTION: | Ireland
| 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Iron Monkey 2 is a 1996 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Chao Lu-jiang and featuring action choreography by Yuen Woo-ping. This film starred Donnie Yen as "Iron Monkey", a role played by Yu Rongguang in the 1993 film "Iron Monkey", which also starred Yen, but in a different role. The story in "Iron Monkey 2" is not related to that of "Iron Monkey". Context_2 : Man Wanted is a 1995 Hong Kong action thriller film directed by Benny Chan and Steve Cheng and starring Simon Yam, Yu Rongguang, Christy Chung and Eileen Tung. Context_3 : Asura: The City of Madness () is a 2016 South Korean action crime drama film directed by Kim Sung-su. Context_4 : Yu Rongguang (born 30 August 1958), also known as Ringo Yu, is a Chinese actor and martial artist who started his career in Hong Kong. He is best known for the title role in "Iron Monkey" along with Donnie Yen as well as being featured in films such as "The East Is Red", "My Father Is a Hero", and "Musa". Context_5 : Iron Monkey is a 1993 Hong Kong martial arts film written and produced by Tsui Hark and directed by Yuen Woo-ping, starring Donnie Yen, Yu Rongguang, Jean Wang, Angie Tsang and Yuen Shun-yi. It is not related to the 1977 Hong Kong film of the same title. Context_6 : Musa (; lit. "Warrior"), released as both "The Warrior" and "The Ultimate Warrior" in English-speaking countries, is a 2001 South Korean epic film directed by Kim Sung-su, starring Jung Woo-sung, Ahn Sung-ki, Joo Jin-mo and Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi. The semi-historical story follows the adventures of a Korean peace delegation as they try to get back to Korea through the inhospitable deserts of northern China. Context_7 : Ip Man is a 2013 Chinese television series romanticising the life of Ip Man (Mandarin: Ye Wen), a Chinese martial artist specialising in Wing Chun. Directed by Fan Xiaotian, the series starred Hong Kong actor Kevin Cheng as the title character, with Han Xue, Liu Xiaofeng, Chrissie Chau, Song Yang, Yu Rongguang, Yuen Wah and Bruce Leung as part of the supporting cast. Wilson Yip, the director of the films "Ip Man" and "Ip Man 2" (starring Donnie Yen), and Taiwanese producer Young Pei-pei served as the artistic consultants for the series, while Ip Man's sons, Ip Chun and Ip Ching, served as the martial arts consultants. The series was shot from July–November 2012 in Kunshan, Suzhou, and was first aired on Shandong TV from 24 February to 9 March 2013. It won the Golden Eagle Award for Best Television Series in 2012. Context_8 : The East Is Red, also known as Swordsman III, is a 1993 Hong Kong wuxia film. The main character in the film is loosely based on Dongfang Bubai, a character in Louis Cha's novel "The Smiling, Proud Wanderer". The film was produced by Tsui Hark, directed by Ching Siu-tung, and starred Brigitte Lin, Joey Wong and Yu Rongguang. The film is regarded as a sequel to "The Swordsman" and "Swordsman II". Context_9 : Rock N'Roll Cop is a 1994 Hong Kong action crime drama film produced and directed by Kirk Wong, starring Anthony Wong Chau Sang, Wu Hsing-kuo, Yu Rongguang, Carrie Ng and Chen Ming Chen. Context_10 : Madame Aema 9 () is a 1993 South Korean film directed by Kim Sung-su. It was the ninth in the "Madame Aema" series, the longest-running film series in Korean cinema. fact_1 : He is best known for the title role in "Iron Monkey" along with Donnie Yen as well as being featured in films such as "The East Is Red", "My Father Is a Hero", and "Musa". fact_2 : Musa (; lit. Question: Yu Rongguang is best known for being featured in which film directed by Kim Sung-su ?
| Solution: Musa | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Tron: Deadly Discs is a video game for Mattel's Intellivision console, and was published by Mattel in 1982. The initial game design was done by Don Daglow, with further design and programming by Steven Sents. It is the first of three Intellivision games based on the Disney motion picture "Tron". Adaptations of this game have been developed and released for the Atari 2600, under the M Network banner, and the Mattel Aquarius. Context_2 : Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger, based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions. The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape. Bruce Boxleitner, David Warner, Cindy Morgan, and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles. Context_3 : Deewana (English: 'Crazy' ) is a 1992 Indian romantic drama film directed by Raj Kanwar, and produced by Guddu Dhanoa and Lalit Kapoor and featuring Shah Rukh Khan, Divya Bharti and Rishi Kapoor in the lead. This was Shah Rukh's debut release, and he appears only in the second half of the film. He replaced Armaan Kohli, who walked out of the project due to creative differences after the first schedule. The film released on June 25, 1992. "Dil Aashna Hai" was supposed to be the debut movie of Shahrukh Khan however "Deewana" was released first. Context_4 : Toys in the Attic (Czech: Na půdě aneb Kdo má dneska narozeniny? ; festival title: In the Attic: Who Has a Birthday Today?) is a 2009 Czech-French-Japanese-Slovak primarily stop-motion animated fantasy comedy thriller family film directed by Jiří Barta and written by Edgar Dutka and Barta which depicts a community of toys and other objects in an attic who come to life when no human is around. It is an international co-production of Czech, Japanese and Slovak companies. The film was released first in the Czech Republic on 5 March 2009 and has been shown subtitled at film festivals internationally. An American dub – adapted, produced and directed by Vivian Schilling and performed by actors including Forest Whitaker, Joan Cusack, Cary Elwes and Schilling herself – has been recorded, which the film was first shown with on 3 March 2012 at the New York International Children's Film Festival and was released nationally on 24 August 2012 by Hannover House. Context_5 : Discs of Tron, is the second arcade game based on the Disney film "Tron" (1982). While the first "Tron" arcade game had several mini-games (Gridbugs, Light Cycles, entering the MCP cone and Digital tanks), "Discs of Tron" is inspired by the jai alai–style sequence in the film in which Kevin Flynn is forced to play against Crom, leading to Crom being "derezzed" by Sark. Tron is also introduced later, as Flynn witnesses him competing against (and defeating) four of the MCP's "warrior elite". Context_6 : Game in Kannada, Oru Melliya Kodu (English: A thin line) in Tamil, is a 2016 Indian bilingual language crime thriller film directed by A. M. R. Ramesh. This movie is an unofficial remake of the 2012 Spanish thriller El Cuerpo (Spanish title) also known as "The Body", and features Arjun Sarja, Shaam and Manisha Koirala in the lead roles. With music composed by Ilayaraaja, the film was simultaneously shot in Kannada and Tamil; the former released first on February 26, 2016 while the later released on July 1, 2016. The film was dubbed and released in Telugu as "Notuku Potu" in 2017. Context_7 : Tron RUN/r is a 2016 endless runner video game developed by Sanzaru Games and published by Disney Interactive Studios as part of the "Tron" franchise. It was first released on February 16, 2016 for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Windows. It was first announced at the Games Award 2015, where it was described as an "action arcade" game. Context_8 : The Misadventures of Tron Bonne, known in Japan as Tron ni Kobun (トロンにコブン , lit. "Tron and Henchmen") , is an action-adventure game that was developed and published by Capcom for the PlayStation. Released in Japan in 1999 and in North America and Europe in 2000, the game is part of the "Mega Man Legends" ("Rockman DASH") series. It is also a prequel and spin-off of the first Legends game. Context_9 : Snegithiye (English:Oh Friend! "(female)" ) is a 2000 Tamil mystery thriller film directed by Priyadarshan. The story is loosely based on the 1999 Marathi film "Bindhaast" written by Chandrakant Kulkarni. The film notably features only female characters in the lead roles, played by Jyothika, Sharbani Mukherjee, Tabu and Ishita Arun. Music was composed by Vidyasagar. The film, released in 2000, proved to be an average grosser at the box office but bagged positive reviews from critics. Today, it is considered a cult classic that was underrated at the time of its release. Originally planned to be made as a bilingual, in Tamil and in Malayalam, the film released first in Tamil only, while the Malayalam dubbed version, "Raakilipattu", as well as the dubbed Hindi version, "Friendship", released seven years later. Context_10 : Maleficent is a 2014 American dark fantasy film directed by Robert Stromberg from a screenplay by Linda Woolverton, and starring Angelina Jolie as the titular character with Sharlto Copley, Elle Fanning, Sam Riley, Imelda Staunton, Juno Temple, and Lesley Manville in supporting roles. Loosely based on Charles Perrault's original fairy tale and inspired by Walt Disney's 1959 animated film "Sleeping Beauty", the film portrays the story from the perspective of the eponymous antagonist, depicting her conflicted relationship with the princess and king of a corrupt kingdom. fact_1 : Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger, based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions. fact_2 : Maleficent is a 2014 American dark fantasy film directed by Robert Stromberg from a screenplay by Linda Woolverton, and starring Angelina Jolie as the titular character with Sharlto Copley, Elle Fanning, Sam Riley, Imelda Staunton, Juno Temple, and Lesley Manville in supporting roles. Question: Which film was released first,Tron or Maleficent
Tron
Context_1 : "Ennui" is a sonnet by Sylvia Plath published for the first time in November 2006 in the online literary journal "Blackbird" . Sylvia Plath wrote the Petrarchan sonnet “Ennui” during her undergraduate years at Smith College. Context_2 : Otto Emil Plath (April 13, 1885 – November 5, 1940) was a German American author, a professor of biology and German at Boston University, and an entomologist, with a specific expertise on bees. He was the father of American poet Sylvia Plath, Warren Plath, and the husband of Aurelia Plath. He wrote the 1934 book, "Bumblebees and Their Ways". He is notable for being the probable subject of one of his daughter's most well-known poems, "Daddy". Context_3 : David George Joseph Malouf (born 20 March 1934) is an Australian writer. He was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 2000, his 1993 novel "Remembering Babylon" won the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award in 1996, he won the inaugural Australia-Asia Literary Award in 2008, and he was shortlisted for the Booker Prize. In 2016, he received the Australia Council Award for Lifetime Achievement in Literature. Context_4 : Sylvia Plath ( ; October 27, 1932 – February 11, 1963) was an American poet, novelist, and short story writer. Born in Boston, she studied at Smith College and Newnham College at the University of Cambridge before receiving acclaim as a poet and writer. She married fellow poet Ted Hughes in 1956, and they lived together in the United States and then in England. They had two children, Frieda and Nicholas, before separating in 1962. Plath was clinically depressed for most of her adult life, and was treated multiple times with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). She committed suicide in 1963. Context_5 : Sylvia is a 2003 British biographical drama film directed by Christine Jeffs and starring Gwyneth Paltrow, Daniel Craig, Jared Harris, and Michael Gambon. It tells the true story of the romance between prominent poets Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes. The film begins with their meeting at Cambridge in 1956 and ends with Sylvia Plath's suicide in 1963. Context_6 : The Bell Jar is the only novel written by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath. Originally published under the pseudonym "Victoria Lucas" in 1963, the novel is semi-autobiographical, with the names of places and people changed. The book is often regarded as a "roman à clef" since the protagonist's descent into mental illness parallels Plath's own experiences with what may have been clinical depression. Plath died by suicide a month after its first UK publication. The novel was published under Plath's name for the first time in 1967 and was not published in the United States until 1971, in accordance with the wishes of both Plath's husband, Ted Hughes, and her mother. The novel has been translated into nearly a dozen languages. The novel, though dark, is often read in high school English classes. Context_7 : The Sylvia Plath effect is the phenomenon that poets are more susceptible to mental illness than other creative writers. The term was coined in 2001 by psychologist James C. Kaufman. Although many studies (e.g., Andreasen, 1987; Jamison, 1989; Ludwig, 1995) have demonstrated that creative writers are prone to experience mental illness, this relationship has not been examined in depth. This early finding has been dubbed "the Sylvia Plath effect", and implications and possibilities for future research are discussed. Kaufman's work further demonstrated that female poets were more likely to experience mental illness than any other class of writers. In addition, female poets were more likely to be mentally ill than other eminent women, such as politicians, actresses, and artists. Context_8 : Winter Trees is a 1971 posthumous collection of poetry by Sylvia Plath, published by her husband Ted Hughes. Along with "Crossing the Water" it provides the remainder of the poems that Plath had written during her state of elevated creativity prior to her suicide. Context_9 : Johnno is a semi-autobiographical novel written by Australian author David Malouf and was first published in 1975. It was Malouf's first novel. Context_10 : Assia Wevill (15 May 1927 – 23 March 1969) was a German-born woman who escaped the Nazis at the beginning of World War II and emigrated to Mandate Palestine, then later the United Kingdom, where she had a relationship with the English poet Ted Hughes. She killed herself and her four-year-old daughter Alexandra Tatiana Elise (nicknamed "Shura") in a fashion similar to that of Sylvia Plath, well-known writer and Hughes's first wife, who six years earlier had also committed suicide, by use of a gas oven. fact_1 : David George Joseph Malouf (born 20 March 1934) is an Australian writer. fact_2 : Sylvia Plath ( ; October 27, 1932 – February 11, 1963) was an American poet, novelist, and short story writer. fact_3 : She committed suicide in 1963. Question: Who committed suicide in 1963, David Malouf or Sylvia Plath?
Sylvia Plath
Context_1 : Femina is a Danish language weekly magazine for women published by Aller Media in Copenhagen, Denmark. The magazine has also a Swedish edition. Context_2 : Femina is an Indonesian weekly women's magazine founded in 1972. The magazine is owned by Femina Group. Context_3 : Reporter is a political magazine published in Slovenia. The magazine was first published in May 2008. The editors of the magazine are mostly former contributors of now-defunct Slovene magazine, "Mag". "Reporter" is published on a weekly basis. The magazine has a rightist political stance and has an ideological connection with the right-wing Slovenian Democratic Party. Context_4 : Taghi Arani, (Persian: تقی ارانی , September 5, 1903 in Tabriz, Iran – February 4, 1940 in Tehran, Iran), was a professor of chemistry, left-wing Iranian political activist, and the founder and editor of the Marxist magazine "Donya". He moved to Tehran with his family when he was 4 years old. In 1920, he graduated from Dar ul-Funun School in Tehran and pursued his studies in Germany studying Chemistry at Berlin Institute of Technology. While studying in Germany, he began to study politics as well. Upon finishing his studies, he returned to Iran in 1928 and started "Donya" Magazine ("The World"). Many people consider Donya as his most important contribution to modern intellectual life in Iran. In 1938, he and 52 of his colleagues, The Fifty-Three, were arrested and charged with being involved in communist activities. He died (or as some claim, was killed) in jail in February 1940. Context_5 : Rose al-Yūsuf (also written "Rose al-Yousef", روز اليوسف in Arabic) is an Arabic weekly political magazine published in Egypt. Context_6 : Hawaa (meaning "Eve" in English) is an Arabic language weekly women's magazines published in Cairo, Egypt. The magazine is modelled by other women's magazines in Arab countries. It was Egypt's first women's magazine, founded in 1954. Context_7 : Ash-Shiraa (or Al-Shiraa) (Arabic: الشراع| "The Sail" in English) is an Arabic weekly magazine published in Lebanon. The magazine is one of the oldest publications in the country. Context_8 : October is a weekly Arabic political magazine published in Egypt. It is one of the state-owned publications in the country. Context_9 : Nesf El Donya (in Arabic نصف الدنيا), also known as "Nesf El Donia", (meaning "Half of the World" in English) is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt. Context_10 : Al Ahram Al Riyadi is an Arabic weekly sports magazine published in Cairo, Egypt. fact_1 : Femina is a Danish language weekly magazine for women published by Aller Media in Copenhagen, Denmark. fact_2 : Nesf El Donya (in Arabic نصف الدنيا), also known as "Nesf El Donia", (meaning "Half of the World" in English) is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt. Question: Which magazine, Femina or Nesf El Donya, is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt?
| Nesf El Donya
| 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Femina is a Danish language weekly magazine for women published by Aller Media in Copenhagen, Denmark. The magazine has also a Swedish edition. Context_2 : Femina is an Indonesian weekly women's magazine founded in 1972. The magazine is owned by Femina Group. Context_3 : Reporter is a political magazine published in Slovenia. The magazine was first published in May 2008. The editors of the magazine are mostly former contributors of now-defunct Slovene magazine, "Mag". "Reporter" is published on a weekly basis. The magazine has a rightist political stance and has an ideological connection with the right-wing Slovenian Democratic Party. Context_4 : Taghi Arani, (Persian: تقی ارانی , September 5, 1903 in Tabriz, Iran – February 4, 1940 in Tehran, Iran), was a professor of chemistry, left-wing Iranian political activist, and the founder and editor of the Marxist magazine "Donya". He moved to Tehran with his family when he was 4 years old. In 1920, he graduated from Dar ul-Funun School in Tehran and pursued his studies in Germany studying Chemistry at Berlin Institute of Technology. While studying in Germany, he began to study politics as well. Upon finishing his studies, he returned to Iran in 1928 and started "Donya" Magazine ("The World"). Many people consider Donya as his most important contribution to modern intellectual life in Iran. In 1938, he and 52 of his colleagues, The Fifty-Three, were arrested and charged with being involved in communist activities. He died (or as some claim, was killed) in jail in February 1940. Context_5 : Rose al-Yūsuf (also written "Rose al-Yousef", روز اليوسف in Arabic) is an Arabic weekly political magazine published in Egypt. Context_6 : Hawaa (meaning "Eve" in English) is an Arabic language weekly women's magazines published in Cairo, Egypt. The magazine is modelled by other women's magazines in Arab countries. It was Egypt's first women's magazine, founded in 1954. Context_7 : Ash-Shiraa (or Al-Shiraa) (Arabic: الشراع| "The Sail" in English) is an Arabic weekly magazine published in Lebanon. The magazine is one of the oldest publications in the country. Context_8 : October is a weekly Arabic political magazine published in Egypt. It is one of the state-owned publications in the country. Context_9 : Nesf El Donya (in Arabic نصف الدنيا), also known as "Nesf El Donia", (meaning "Half of the World" in English) is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt. Context_10 : Al Ahram Al Riyadi is an Arabic weekly sports magazine published in Cairo, Egypt. fact_1 : Femina is a Danish language weekly magazine for women published by Aller Media in Copenhagen, Denmark. fact_2 : Nesf El Donya (in Arabic نصف الدنيا), also known as "Nesf El Donia", (meaning "Half of the World" in English) is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt. Question: Which magazine, Femina or Nesf El Donya, is an Arabic weekly women's and political magazine published in Egypt?
| Solution: Nesf El Donya | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : John Aloysius Corey (born 1955) is a fictitious recurring character in a series of thrillers by Nelson DeMille. He is quick-witted and cocky, but would be considered by most to be a brilliant detective. Context_2 : James Stevens Pearson (1905 – 24 January 1962) was an English professional footballer who played as a full back. He was born in Heywood, Lancashire, and began his career in non-League football with his hometown club in the early 1920s. In April 1925, Pearson joined Football League Third Division North side Nelson, initially as an amateur, although he was offered a professional contract in September of the same year. He made his debut for Nelson on 3 October 1925 in the 0–1 defeat away at Coventry City and appeared in the following five matches, but then spent the majority of the 1925–26 season in the reserve team. During the 1926–27 campaign, Pearson was more involved in first-team activities and appeared in more than half of Nelson's league fixtures, although he was never able to properly displace club captain Clem Rigg from the left-back berth. He returned to the reserves for the 1927–28 season, making only seven senior appearances. Following a disappointing campaign in which the team finished bottom of the division, Nelson retained only six of their professional squad in the summer of 1928, and Pearson was one of several players to leave the club. Context_3 : Frank Richard Aloysius Jude Maloney (September 9, 1945 – January 6, 2009) was an American writer, editor, and poet. He was born in Seattle, Washington. He was a graduate of the University of Washington in Seattle where he studied under the poet and professor Nelson Bentley. Bentley had been a student of Theodore Roethke and W.H. Auden. Context_4 : Zelda la Grange (born 29 October 1970) is a former private secretary to Nelson Mandela. La Grange was born in Pretoria, South Africa. She completed a 3-year National Diploma at the Tshwane University of Technology. From 1994 until 1996, she served as a typist for Mary Mxadana, private secretary to Nelson Mandela, the newly elected post-apartheid President of South Africa. In 1996, she was promoted to assistant private secretary, and in 1999 she was again promoted to Private Secretary to the Office of the President. She was a founding staff member of the Nelson Mandela Foundation which served as post-Presidential office for Nelson Mandela. Context_5 : Horace Aloysius Nelson (February 16, 1878 – 1962) was a Penobscot political leader and the father of dancer and actress Molly Spotted Elk (born Mary Alice Nelson). Context_6 : Louis Ferron was born in Leiden out of an adulterous relationship between a married German soldier and a waitress from Haarlem named Ferron. His father took the boy to Germany, and when he was killed shortly before the end of World War II, Karl Heinz was raised in Bremen as the stepchild of his father's widow. After the war he returned to the Netherlands, where he was renamed Aloysius (Louis) Ferron. He was raised by his mother's parents, but also stayed with foster families and in children's homes. Initially he desired to be a painter; at age 18, he got married (to a daughter of the author Lizzy Sara May), and his wife encouraged him to become a writer. Context_7 : Horace “Hoddy” Hildreth (born December 17, 1931) is an American lawyer, politician and conservationist in Maine. Hildreth, the son of Maine Governor Horace Hildreth, was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts and grew up in Cumberland, Maine. He was 14 years old when his father was elected Governor, at which time his family moved to the Maine State House in Augusta, Maine. He then attended Cony High School for three years before transferring to Deerfield Academy. Like his father and grandfather, he graduated from Bowdoin College. In 1949, while Hoddy Hildreth was a senior at Bowdoin, his father was appointed United States Ambassador to Pakistan and he went with his father abroad. He spent his final year of undergraduate studies at Forman Christian College in Lahore, Pakistan before returning to Bowdoin to take his final exams and participate in commencement. He later served in the Maine House of Representatives. Context_8 : Mary Nelson Archambaud (born Mary Alice Nelson; Penobscot pronunciation: Molly Dellis; November 17, 1903 – February 21, 1977 ), best known by her stage name Molly Spotted Elk, was a Penobscot Indian dancer, actress, and aspiring writer who was born on the Penobscot Indian Island Reservation, in Maine, U.S. Context_9 : Horace Steadman "Steady" Nelson (1913—1988), born in Jefferson, Texas, was a 20th-century American musician who specialized in Jazz and Swing during the Big Band era. He recorded over 60 sessions on trumpet and vocals with Woody Herman, Hal McIntyre, the Casa Loma Orchestra, Horace Hiedt, the NBC Radio orchestra and others. Nelson's most important works are his instrumental lead in "Woodchopper's Ball" and two solo vocal recordings with Woody Herman's band : "I’m Comin’ Virginia", and "Rosetta". Nelson has been declared a "Texas Music Pioneer" by the Texas Music Office, a division of the Office of the Governor of Texas. Context_10 : Charles Howson (18 July 1896 – 1976) was an English professional footballer who played as a defender. Born in Wombwell, he started his career with Rotherham Town in 1919, before joining his hometown club a year later. Numerous Football League clubs enquired to Wombwell with interest in acquiring the services of Howson, and in the summer of 1922 he joined Football League Third Division North club Nelson. After initially playing in the reserves, he was called up to the first-team for the home match against Ashington on 7 October 1922 due to an injury to Clement Rigg. Nelson lost the match 1–3 and the "Nelson Leader" described his performance as disappointing. He did not appear for Nelson again after that match, and left the club in November 1922 to join Port Vale on trial. His trial was unsuccessful and he moved to Mansfield Town on a permanent deal the following month. He played for Mansfield until the end of the 1922–23 season, when he left the club and retired from professional football. fact_1 : Horace Aloysius Nelson (February 16, 1878 – 1962) was a Penobscot political leader and the father of dancer and actress Molly Spotted Elk (born Mary Alice Nelson). fact_2 : Mary Nelson Archambaud (born Mary Alice Nelson; Penobscot pronunciation: Molly Dellis; November 17, 1903 – February 21, 1977 ), best known by her stage name Molly Spotted Elk, was a Penobscot Indian dancer, actress, and aspiring writer who was born on the Penobscot Indian Island Reservation, in Maine, U.S. Question: In what year was the daughter of Horace Aloysius Nelson born?
Example Output: 1903
Example Input: Context_1 : Hanford Dixon (born December 25, 1958) is a former professional American football cornerback who played his entire career (1981–1989) for the Cleveland Browns of the NFL. Dixon made the Pro Bowl three times, in 1986, 1987 and 1988. He was drafted by the Browns out of the University of Southern Mississippi with the 22nd pick in the first round of the 1981 NFL Draft. He also is credited with naming the Cleveland Browns "Dawg Pound," the section of the stadium known for their antics during Browns home games at the old Municipal Stadium inspired by Dixon's "barking" to teammates, especially fellow cornerback Frank Minnifield. Context_2 : The Ellis F. Corbett Health, Physical Education and Recreation Center, usually called simply the Corbett Sports Center and popularly referred to as the "Dawg Pound", is a multi-purpose arena in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States, on the campus of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. The complex is home to multiple North Carolina A&T Aggies athletic teams, including the men's and women's basketball teams as well as the women's volleyball and swimming teams. The complex, opened in 1978, is named after Ellis F. Corbett, a 1931 graduate of A&T. Affectionately known as "Mr.A&T", Corbett was, for many years, the director of public relations and executive secretary of the national alumni association. Context_3 : FirstEnergy Stadium, officially FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns, is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. It opened in 1999 as Cleveland Browns Stadium and was renovated in two phases in early 2014 and 2015. The initial seating capacity was listed at 73,200 people, but following the first phase of the renovation project in 2014, seating capacity was reduced to 67,431. Since 2017, capacity is listed at 67,895. The stadium sits on 31 acre of land between Lake Erie and the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the Great Lakes Science Center and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The site was previously the location of Cleveland Stadium from 1931 to 1996. Context_4 : Cleveland Stadium, commonly known as Municipal Stadium or Lakefront Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was one of the early multi-purpose stadiums, built to accommodate both baseball and football. The stadium opened in 1931 and is best known as the long-time home of the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball, from 1932 to 1993, and the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), from 1946 to 1995, in addition to hosting other teams, sports, and being a regular concert venue. The stadium was a four-time host of the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, one of the host venues of the 1948 and 1954 World Series, and the site of the original Dawg Pound, Red Right 88, and The Drive. Context_5 : GCS Ballpark is a minor league baseball facility in Sauget, Illinois, that serves as the home ballpark for the Gateway Grizzlies of the Frontier League. The Grizzlies' ballpark was built in time for the start of the 2002 season, under the original name of GMC Stadium. GCS Ballpark features reserved box seating, lawn seating, party suites, two hot tubs, and a section of bleacher seating. With the bleacher section added in 2004, the stadium's capacity has increased to 6,000 fans. In 2004, the Grizzlies became the first team in Frontier League history to draw over 200,000 fans for a season, finishing with a league best 217,500. ProGrass synthetic turf was installed at GCS Ballpark in January 2012. Context_6 : The Red Menace is the name of the bleacher section behind the North end zone in University Stadium, the home field of the New Mexico Lobos. It is known for having some of the most-rabid fans in the Mountain West Conference. Context_7 : The Dawg Pound is the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone in FirstEnergy Stadium, the home field of the Cleveland Browns, a National Football League (NFL) franchise based in Cleveland, Ohio. It is known for having passionate fans. Context_8 : Tsirio Stadium (Greek: Τσίρειο Στάδιο ) is an all seater multi-purpose stadium in Limassol, Cyprus. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of AEL Limassol, Apollon Limassol and Aris Limassol. In the past, especially in 1990s, it was used as the home ground for the Cyprus national football team. The stadium holds 13,331 people and was built in 1975 with the help of the generous contributor and great philanthropist, Mr. Petros I. Tsiros, a very generous benevolent benefactor and humanitarian of Cyprus, thus the name of the stadium. The stadium was built and opened in 1975 to replace the aging GSO Stadium. Context_9 : Kessler Stadium is a 4,200-seat football and track stadium in West Long Branch, New Jersey. It was built in 1993 and is home to the Monmouth University Hawks. Kessler Stadium underwent a massive renovation prior to the start of the 2017 football season that saw the seating capacity expand to more than 4,200 seats, including 800+ chair backs. A brand-new brick facade compliments the design of the OceanFirst Bank Center and the seating stretches end zone to end zone. Kessler Stadium is home to a state-of-the-art press box and mulitmedia center on the third fourth, a main concourse at ground level which is home to the Brockriede Family Concessions and the Austin Family Box Office. On the second floor, the Doherty Family Deck hosts Monmouth Athletics Blue-White Club events. Context_10 : Ulsan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in Ulsan Sports Complex, Ulsan, South Korea. Originally there was Ulsan Civic Stadium. In 2003, the City of Ulsan demolished the old stadium, which opened in 1970. Then, they built the Ulsan Sports Complex. Ulsan Sports Complex consist of the Ulsan Stadium and Dongchun Gymnasium. Ulsan Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium which is mainly used for football; it was the home ground of the Ulsan Hyundai before they moved to Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium in 2001 and was the home stadium of Ulsan Hyundai Mipo Dockyard between 2005 and 2016. The stadium has a capacity for 19,471 spectators. fact_1 : The Dawg Pound is the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone in FirstEnergy Stadium, the home field of the Cleveland Browns, a National Football League (NFL) franchise based in Cleveland, Ohio. fact_2 : It is known for having passionate fans. fact_3 : FirstEnergy Stadium, officially FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns, is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. fact_4 : It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. Question: Name the NFL team based in Ohio whose home ground is a multi-purpose stadium which features The Dawg Pound, the name of the bleacher section behind the east end zone known for having passionate fans?
Example Output: Cleveland Browns
Example Input: Context_1 : Stephan Elliott (born 27 August 1964) is an Australian film director and screenwriter. His best-known film internationally is "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert" (1994). Context_2 : A Few Best Men is a 2011 Australian-British comedy film written by Dean Craig and directed by Stephan Elliott. The film stars Xavier Samuel as a young groom heading to the Australian Blue Mountains with his three best men for his wedding. Context_3 : Swinging Safari or formally called Flammable Children is an upcoming Australian comedy-drama film starring Kylie Minogue, Guy Pearce, and Radha Mitchell. It is written and directed by Stephan Elliott, most famous for his work on the film "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert", released in 1994. "Swinging Safari" is in post production. Context_4 : Welcome to Woop Woop is a 1997 Australian comedy film, directed by Stephan Elliott starring Johnathon Schaech and Rod Taylor. The film was based on the novel "The Dead Heart" by Douglas Kennedy. "Woop Woop" is an Australian colloquialism referring to a fictional location in the middle of nowhere. Context_5 : Harry A. Pollard (January 23, 1879, Republic City, Kansas – July 6, 1934, Pasadena California) was an American silent film actor and director. His wife was silent screen star Margarita Fischer. Context_6 : Eye of the Beholder is a 1999 Canadian-British-Australian mystery thriller film that employs magical realism. The film, based on Marc Behm's novel of the same name and a remake of Claude Miller's 1983 French thriller "Deadly Circuit", is directed and adapted by Stephan Elliott. Context_7 : Priscilla, Queen of the Desert is a musical with a book by Australian film director-writer Stephan Elliott and Allan Scott, using well-known pop songs as its score. Adapted from Elliott's 1994 film "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert", the musical tells the story of two drag queens and a transgender woman, who contract to perform a drag show at a resort in Alice Springs, a resort town in the remote Australian desert. As they head west from Sydney aboard their lavender bus, Priscilla, the three friends come to the forefront of a comedy of errors, encountering a number of strange characters, as well as incidents of homophobia, while widening comfort zones and finding new horizons. Context_8 : Easy Virtue is a 2008 British romantic comedy film based on Noël Coward's play of the same name. The play was previously made into the silent movie "Easy Virtue" (1928) by Alfred Hitchcock. This adaptation is directed by Stephan Elliott, written by Elliott and Sheridan Jobbins, and stars Jessica Biel, Ben Barnes, Colin Firth and Kristin Scott Thomas. The score contains many Coward and jazz-age songs, some of which are sung or partially sung by the cast. Context_9 : I Will Survive is an Australian talent show-themed television series that premiered on Network Ten on 21 August 2012. The premise of the show is to search for a new, unknown talent to perform in the Broadway production of the musical "Priscilla, Queen of the Desert". Due to the Broadway theatre production closing in June 2012, the prize has been amended to another performance on Broadway, along with a $250,000 cash prize. The title of the show is derived from the title of a song in the production, "I Will Survive", originally sung by Gloria Gaynor. "I Will Survive" is hosted by actor and singer Hugh Sheridan and features judges Jason Donovan, who played Tick in the West End theatre production of the show, and Stephan Elliott, the director of the film "The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert". Context_10 : The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert is a 1994 Australian comedy-drama film written and directed by Stephan Elliott. The plot follows two drag queens played by Hugo Weaving and Guy Pearce and a transgender woman, played by Terence Stamp, as they journey across the Australian Outback from Sydney to Alice Springs in a tour bus that they have named "Priscilla", along the way encountering various groups and individuals. The film's title references the English slang term "queen" for a drag queen or female impersonator. fact_1 : Harry A. Pollard (January 23, 1879, Republic City, Kansas – July 6, 1934, Pasadena California) was an American silent film actor and director. fact_2 : Stephan Elliott (born 27 August 1964) is an Australian film director and screenwriter. Question: Are Harry A. Pollard and Stephan Elliott both silent film directors?
Example Output: | no
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Leon Gast is an American documentary film director, producer, cinematographer, and editor. His documentary, "When We Were Kings" depicts the iconic heavyweight boxing match: The Rumble in the Jungle between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. This film would go on to win the 1996 Academy Award for Documentary Feature and the Independent Spirit Award. Gast co-directed the 1977 documentary, "The Grateful Dead Movie" with guitarist Jerry Garcia. The film captured the band's October 1974, five-night performance at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco. Gast also co-directed the 1983 film "Hell's Angels Forever," which focused on the notorious motorcycle club Hells Angels. The Angels are believed to have learned that Gast put material in the documentary in which they didn't prefer. To this end, Gast claims that the Angels tracked him down and beat him up. Gast has also produced works on B.B. King and Celia Cruz. Context_2 : Smash His Camera is a 2010 documentary film directed by filmmaker Leon Gast about the life and career of paparazzi photographer Ron Galella. The film won the "Directing Award Documentary" at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival and was released on 30 July 2010 through Magnolia Pictures, and was shown on HBO. Context_3 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. The fight was held in Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974. Context_4 : Our Latin Thing (Spanish: Nuestra Cosa ) was a 1972 documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the burgeoning Latin music scene in New York City. It focused on a concert put together by the management of Fania Records at Manhattan's Cheetah nightclub featuring a group of Fania artists called the Fania All-Stars. The film was distributed by A&R Film Distributors headed by Alex Masucci, Fania Records founder Jerry Masucci's younger brother and subsequent Fania Records Vice President, and Ray Aviles. Context_5 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought an eight-round boxing match with Texan Donnie Fleeman in Miami on February 21, 1961. Prior to this fight, Fleeman had a record of 51 fights with 45 wins including 20 knockouts. Clay won the bout through a technical knockout after the referee stopped the fight in the seventh round. This was the first time Clay had gone over six rounds in a boxing match. It was also the first time Fleeman had ever been knocked down in a boxing match. Fleeman retired from boxing after this fight. Context_6 : Muhammad Ali and Zora Folley fought each other in a boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on March 22, 1967.Ali won the bout by knocking out Folley in the seventh round.This would be Ali's last boxing match before his suspension from boxing. Context_7 : Cassius Clay (soon Muhammad Ali) fought Sonny Banks in a ten-round boxing match at Madison Square Garden in New York City on February 10, 1962. Clay won the fight through a technical knockout when the referee stopped the fight in the fourth round. The event is remembered for being the first professional boxing match in which Ali was officially knocked down in the ring by his boxing opponent. Context_8 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Held at the 20th of May Stadium (now the Stade Tata Raphaël), it pitted the undefeated world heavyweight champion George Foreman against challenger Muhammad Ali, a former heavyweight champion; the attendance was 60,000. Ali won by knockout, putting Foreman down just before the end of the eighth round. It has been called "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century". The event was one of Don King's first ventures as a professional boxing promoter. Context_9 : Manny is a 2014 documentary directed by Leon Gast and Ryan Moore. It covers the life of professional boxer Manny Pacquiao, from his impoverished life as a young boy to his boxing glory to Philippine politics. The film is narrated by Liam Neeson. Additionally, interviews of friends, family members, and people associated with professional boxing, combined with archival footage of Pacquiao, were used throughout the movie. Notable appearances in the film include Oscar De La Hoya, Jimmy Kimmel, Jeremy Piven, and Mark Wahlberg. Context_10 : Eric M. Gast (born 23 April 1968) is an American music industry professional - record producer, mixer, engineer, and recording studio designer - and founder and CEO of a nonprofit public health care charity. Gast was born in New Jersey and raised in New York City. He is cousin to documentary filmmaker Leon Gast. as well as another cousin Eric W. Gast former athlete and model fact_1 : When We Were Kings is a 1996 Academy Award winning documentary film directed by Leon Gast about the famous "Rumble in the Jungle" heavyweight championship match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman. fact_2 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Question: In which city was the boxing match documented in "When We Were Kings", by Leon Gast, held?
SOLUTION: Kinshasa, Zaire
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Craig D. Adams (born April 26, 1977) is a Bruneian-born Canadian former professional ice hockey player, who most recently played with the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League. Adams was born in Seria, Brunei, but was raised in Calgary, Alberta, residing and playing hockey in the community of Lake Bonavista. Adams won the Stanley Cup with both the Carolina Hurricanes (in 2006) and the Pittsburgh Penguins (in 2009). Context_2 : Patrick Michael Riggin (born May 26, 1959 in Kincardine, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Riggin was a goaltender who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Atlanta Flames, Calgary Flames, Washington Capitals, Boston Bruins and Pittsburgh Penguins, as well as the Birmingham Bulls of the World Hockey Association. He was originally drafted from the London Knights, and was selected as the goalie for the London Knights all-time team. His father, Dennis, briefly played in the NHL for the Detroit Red Wings, and his brother Larry also spent time with the Knights organization in the 1970s. Context_3 : The history of ice hockey in Calgary extends back well over a century to the first recorded ice hockey game in Alberta in 1893. Imported from eastern Canada, the game's popularity rapidly grew in the city, with teams at every level playing for and capturing Canada's national championships. Calgary is known today as one of Canada's best ice hockey cities with the Calgary Flames and Calgary Hitmen receiving immense support from the city. The Calgary Oval X-Treme is one of the most dominant women's ice hockey teams in the country, while Junior A ice hockey is also well supported with two teams in the city. Calgary is home to the Mac's AAA midget hockey tournament, one of the most prestigious midget hockey tournaments in the world which has seen dozens of future National Hockey League players play in this city before their professional careers began. Context_4 : Joseph Patrick Mullen (born February 26, 1957) is an American former professional ice hockey player. He played 16 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the St. Louis Blues, Calgary Flames, Pittsburgh Penguins and Boston Bruins between 1980 and 1997. He was a member of three Stanley Cup championship teams, winning with the Flames in 1989 and the Penguins in 1991 and 1992. Mullen turned to coaching in 2000, serving as an assistant in Pittsburgh and briefly as head coach of the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins. He is currently an assistant with the Philadelphia Flyers. Context_5 : Brian McGrattan (born September 2, 1981) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current member of the Calgary Flames player development staff. McGrattan was a fourth round selection of the Los Angeles Kings (104th overall) at the 1999 NHL Entry Draft but never signed with the team. He signed with the Ottawa Senators organization in 2002 and made his NHL debut with the team three years later. McGrattan has also played in the NHL with the Phoenix Coyotes, Nashville Predators and Calgary Flames As a career journeyman, he was also a member of five American Hockey League (AHL) teams and ended his career in 2017 in England as a member of the Nottingham Panthers of the Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL). Context_6 : Mario Lemieux, OC, CQ ( ; ] ; born October 5, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team. He played parts of 17 seasons in the National Hockey League's (NHL) with the Pittsburgh Penguins, between 1984 and 2006. Dubbed "The Magnificent One" or "Le Magnifique" (as well as "Super Mario"), he is widely acknowledged to have been one of the best players of all time. He is the only player to score one goal in each of the five possible situations in a single NHL game, a feat he accomplished in 1988. A gifted playmaker and fast skater despite his large size, Lemieux often beat defencemen with fakes and dekes. Context_7 : Douglas Robert Gilmour (born June 25, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current general manager of the Kingston Frontenacs of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). He played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the St. Louis Blues, Calgary Flames, Toronto Maple Leafs, New Jersey Devils, Chicago Blackhawks, Buffalo Sabres and Montreal Canadiens. Gilmour was a seventh round selection, 134th overall, of the Blues at the 1982 NHL Entry Draft and recorded 1,414 points in 1,474 games in the NHL between 1983 and 2003. A two-time All-Star, he was a member of Calgary's 1989 Stanley Cup championship team and won the Frank J. Selke Trophy as the NHL's best defensive forward in 1992–93. Internationally, he represented Canada three times during his career and was a member of the nation's 1987 Canada Cup championship team. Context_8 : Robert John "Bob" Murdoch (born November 20, 1946) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and coach. Murdoch played 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens, Los Angeles Kings, Atlanta Flames and Calgary Flames and coached 10 seasons in the National Hockey League with the Calgary Flames, Chicago Blackhawks, Winnipeg Jets and San Jose Sharks. He won the Stanley Cup in 1971 and 1973 while with Montreal. Context_9 : The 37th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held in the Olympic Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, home of the Calgary Flames, on February 12, 1985. The Wales Conference defeated the Campbell Conference 6–4. The game's most valuable player was Mario Lemieux, who became the only rookie to win All-Star MVP honours. Context_10 : Michael "Mike" Vernon (born February 24, 1963) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Calgary Flames, Detroit Red Wings, San Jose Sharks and Florida Panthers. He is a two-time Stanley Cup champion, with the Flames in 1989 and the Red Wings in 1997. He appeared in five NHL All-Star games, was named a second team All-Star in 1989, shared the William M. Jennings Trophy in 1996 and was named the winner of the Conn Smythe Trophy as most valuable player of the playoffs in 1997. Vernon won over 300 games in his NHL career. fact_1 : The game's most valuable player was Mario Lemieux, who became the only rookie to win All-Star MVP honours. fact_2 : Mario Lemieux, OC, CQ ( ; ] ; born October 5, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team. Question: The 37th National Hockey League All-Star Game was held in the Olympic Saddledome in Calgary, Alberta, home of the Calgary Flames, on February 12, 1985, the game's most valuable player was which Canadian former professional ice hockey player and current owner of the Pittsburgh Penguins team?
SOLUTION: Mario Lemieux
PROBLEM: Context_1 : The under-occupancy penalty (also known as the under occupation penalty, under-occupancy charge, under-occupation charge or size criteria) is a reform contained in the British Welfare Reform Act 2012 whereby public-housing (also called council or social housing) tenants with rooms deemed to be "spare" face a reduction in Housing Benefit, resulting in them being obliged to fund this reduction from their incomes or face rent arrears and potential eviction by their landlord (be that the local authority or a housing association). The under-occupancy penalty has been widely branded the Bedroom Tax, especially by critics of the changes who argue that they amount to a tax because of the lack of social housing (or in some areas, any rented accommodation) for affected tenants to downsize to (and the refusal to accept the risk of taking lodgers in). The penalties are also criticised as having a disproportionate impact on disabled people. Context_2 : Monotenure is a planning term relating to the land tenure of a development or neighbourhood. There are generally three types of residential land tenure within the built environment: private sector housing (also known as market housing), social housing, and intermediate (or shared ownership) housing. The term monotenure can be applied to an area where any of these three types of tenures are prevalent; however, the term is generally used to apply to areas where social housing is the primary tenure. Context_3 : The Irish Council for Social Housing (ICSH) is a national social housing federation representing over 300 housing associations across Ireland. As a representative organisation the ICSH works with statutory and other voluntary organisations to identify and streamline mechanisms to promote social housing in relieving housing need in Ireland through policy development and analysis. Context_4 : Balby is a suburb of Doncaster and civil parish located to the south-west of the borough in the north of England. It is home to Balby Carr Community Academy. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, the area of Balby stretches south of the town centre from the Balby Bridge area to Loversall, a small village bordering the new Woodfield Plantation residential development which is still expanding eastwards towards the Lakeside Village retail park. The area has a mixture of housing that has developed in accordance with growth patterns of other similar sized towns, with Victorian terraced housing nearer to the town centre and post-war built suburbs. The range of housing stock available means that there is a wide disparity in the socio-economic profile of the area with pockets of relative affluence of the newer suburbs seemingly juxtaposed with poorer areas, often social housing. Much of this social housing consisted of council houses, some of which has been subsequently sold off to become owner occupied under the Conservative Government's "Right to Buy" policy of the 1980s. Context_5 : The Gorbals is an area in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, on the south bank of the River Clyde. By the late nineteenth century, it had become densely populated and adversely affected by local industrialisation. Many people lived there because their jobs provided worker housing and they could not afford their own. Poor sanitation and poverty contributed to problems. As industrial jobs declined during restructuring, this area became widely known as a dangerous slum associated with drunkenness and crime. In the late twentieth century, it was subject to efforts at redevelopment, but poorly designed and constructed tower blocks of social housing contributed to further problems. Since the late twentieth century, much of the area has been demolished and redeveloped with a mixture of market and social housing. Some buildings are being refurbished and restored to a higher standard. Context_6 : The Social Housing Services Corporation (SHSC) operated in the Province of Ontario, Canada to provide group services for social housing providers , [non-profit housing]] and co-operative housing) following the downloading of responsibility for over 270,000 social housing units to local municipalities. SHSC was a business corporation created under the Social Housing Reform Act of 2000 . SHSC became operational in February 2002. Context_7 : Dispossession: The Great Social Housing Swindle is a feature documentary, narrated by Maxine Peake, exploring the failures and deception that have caused a chronic shortage of social housing in Britain. Context_8 : Public housing may be a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the two, usually with the aim of providing affordable housing. Social housing can also be seen as a potential remedy to housing inequality. Some social housing organizations construct for purchase, particularly in Spain and to an extent elsewhere. Context_9 : Rideau Heights is a 32-hectare social housing complex in northern Kingston, Ontario consisting primarily of row-housing and low-rise apartment buildings. The area is physically isolated and economically disadvantaged. Kingston's Housing Authority has identified Rideau Heights as a pilot project for improving the area with the intent of applying the lessons learned to other social housing sites throughout the city. Context_10 : Maxine Peake (born 14 July 1974) is an English stage, radio, film and television actress, who made her name as Twinkle in Victoria Wood's sitcom "Dinnerladies". She has since played Veronica Ball in Channel 4's Manchester-based comedy drama series "Shameless", barrister Martha Costello in the BBC legal drama "Silk" and Grace Middleton in "The Village". She is also an accomplished stage actress, having played the title role in "Hamlet". fact_1 : Dispossession: The Great Social Housing Swindle is a feature documentary, narrated by Maxine Peake, exploring the failures and deception that have caused a chronic shortage of social housing in Britain. fact_2 : Maxine Peake (born 14 July 1974) is an English stage, radio, film and television actress, who made her name as Twinkle in Victoria Wood's sitcom "Dinnerladies". fact_3 : She is also an accomplished stage actress, having played the title role in "Hamlet". Question: What actress that played the title role in Hamlet narrated a documentary about the chronic shortage of social housing in Britain?
SOLUTION: | Maxine Peake
| 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Let me give you an example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
The answer to this example can be: 1874May
Here is why: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
OK. solve this:
Context_1 : "Dare" (styled as "挑戦 (DARE)") is a song by British virtual band Gorillaz, taken as the second single from their second studio album, "Demon Days". The track is sung by Rosie Wilson (also known as Roses Gabor) with backing vocals from Damon Albarn and features vocals by Happy Mondays frontman Shaun Ryder. It peaked at No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart in September 2005, becoming the band's only UK No. 1. In 2016, vocals of the song were interpolated in Friction's song "Dare (Hold It Down)". In 2017 the song was featured in an episode of the British soap-opera EastEnders. Context_2 : The discography of American musician Ed Roland consists of two studio albums as a solo artist, nine studio albums with Collective Soul, and one studio album with Ed Roland and the Sweet Tea Project. Context_3 : Happy Mondays are an English alternative rock band from Salford, Greater Manchester. Formed in 1980, the band's original line-up was Shaun Ryder (vocals), his brother Paul Ryder (bass), Mark Day (guitar), Paul Davis (keyboard), and Gary Whelan (drums). Mark "Bez" Berry later joined the band onstage as a dancer/percussionist. Rowetta joined the band as a guest vocalist in 1990. Context_4 : KAV (Kav Sandhu) is a British musician from Leicester UK, based in Los Angeles. KAV played guitar with British band Happy Mondays for 4 years after helping reform the band with frontman Shaun Ryder in 2004. He launched his solo project under moniker "KAV" in 2008 with long-time friend and drummer Jim (James) Portas. His solo material has been compared by the media to everyone from Iggy & The Stooges, Black Rebel Motorcycle Club, Primal Scream, Kasabian, The Rolling Stones & Bob Dylan. He plays live with a full live band, which sometimes features guest musicians from various bands. Context_5 : Shaun William George Ryder (born 23 August 1962) is an English musician and singer-songwriter. He is best known as the lead singer of the Happy Mondays and Black Grape. He was the runner-up of the tenth series of "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!". Context_6 : Demon Days is the second studio album by British virtual band Gorillaz, released on 11 May 2005 in Japan and on 23 May internationally by Parlophone Records and in the United States by Virgin Records. The album features contributions from De La Soul, Neneh Cherry, Martina Topley-Bird, Roots Manuva, MF DOOM, Ike Turner, Bootie Brown of the Pharcyde, Shaun Ryder, Dennis Hopper, the London Community Gospel Choir, and a children's choir. Frontman Damon Albarn brought in Danger Mouse as producer. Context_7 : Edgar Eugene Roland, Jr. (born August 3, 1963) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. He is best known as the lead vocalist and primary songwriter of the rock band Collective Soul. He is also active with a new project, Ed Roland and the Sweet Tea Project. Context_8 : Collective Soul is an American rock band originally from Stockbridge, Georgia. Now based in Atlanta, the group consists of lead vocalist Ed Roland, rhythm guitarist Dean Roland, bassist Will Turpin, drummer Johnny Rabb and lead guitarist Jesse Triplett. Context_9 : Amateur Night in the Big Top is the first official solo album by Shaun Ryder, of Happy Mondays and Black Grape. The album is subtitled "Clowns and Pet Sounds". It was released in September, 2003 and co-produced by Pete Carroll, Shane Norton and Cabaret Voltaire's Stephen Mallinder. It was recorded in Perth, Australia and released on the Offworld Sounds record label run by Ryder's cousin Pete Carroll and Mallinder. Context_10 : September in the Garden is Jordyn Jackson's latest album, and re-envisions ten musical standards. It was recorded by Jacques Delatour and Jack Miele at Better Than Ezra's Fudge Recording Studio in New Orleans in September 2009. It was mixed by Shawn Grove at Edible Studios, the home studio of Ed Roland, lead singer and songwriter of Collective Soul and mastered by Glenn Schick at his studio in Atlanta. While this is Jackson's fifth album, it is the first to concentrate on jazz vocals where she truly has created "a sound that is all her own." fact_1 : Edgar Eugene Roland, Jr. (born August 3, 1963) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. fact_2 : Shaun William George Ryder (born 23 August 1962) is an English musician and singer-songwriter. Question: Who was born first, Ed Roland or Shaun Ryder?
Answer: | Shaun William George Ryder | 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Ruby Yang (楊紫燁; Simplified Chinese: 杨紫烨), is a Chinese American filmmaker. Context_2 : Regular Lovers (French: Les Amants réguliers ) is a 2005 French independent coming-of-age romantic drama film directed by Philippe Garrel and starring his son, actor Louis Garrel. The director's father, actor Maurice Garrel, has a supporting role. Context_3 : Frontier of the Dawn (French: La Frontiere de l'Aube ) is a 2008 French drama film directed by Philippe Garrel. The film stars Louis Garrel, Laura Smet, and Clémentine Poidatz and was photographed by cinematographer William Lubtchansky in black and white. It premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival in competition. Context_4 : Philippe Garrel (] ; born 6 April 1948) is a French director, cinematographer, screenwriter, film editor and producer, associated with New Wave movement. His films have won him awards at the prestigious Cannes Film Festival and Venice Film Festival. Context_5 : Lover for a Day (French: L'Amant d'un jour ) is a 2017 French drama film directed by Philippe Garrel. It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival. At Cannes in won the SACD Award. Context_6 : La Naissance de l'amour is a 1993 drama film directed by Philippe Garrel. Garrel also wrote the screenplay together with his long-time collaborators Muriel Cerf and Marc Cholodenko. Context_7 : Jealousy (French: La Jalousie ) is a 2013 French drama film directed by Philippe Garrel. It was screened in the main competition section at the 70th Venice International Film Festival. Context_8 : Arlette Langmann (born on April 3, 1946) is a French screenwriter, film editor and production designer. Born in Paris to Jewish immigrant parents from Romania and Poland, Langmann is best known for her long-running collaborations with her brother Claude Berri, Maurice Pialat, and Philippe Garrel. Context_9 : A Burning Hot Summer (pre-release title: That Summer) is a 2011 drama film directed by Philippe Garrel, starring Monica Bellucci, Louis Garrel, Céline Sallette, and Jérôme Robart. Its original French title is Un été brûlant, which means "A burning summer". The film portrays a tempestuous relationship between an actress and a painter. Context_10 : Wild Innocence (French: "Sauvage Innocence" ) is a 2001 French film directed by Philippe Garrel. fact_1 : Philippe Garrel (] ; born 6 April 1948) is a French director, cinematographer, screenwriter, film editor and producer, associated with New Wave movement. fact_2 : Ruby Yang (楊紫燁; Simplified Chinese: 杨紫烨), is a Chinese American filmmaker. Question: Are Philippe Garrel and Ruby Yang both French?
| Solution: no | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example input: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example output: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : "Home Is Such a Lonely Place" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for the group's seventh studio album, "California" (2016). The song was released as the third single from "California" on April 18, 2017 through BMG. It is a ballad with a finger-picked guitar and strings. Lyrically, the song revolves around the idea of letting go of the ones you love. Bassist Mark Hoppus and producer John Feldmann first began developing the song while discussing their families, and how tough it might be when their children grow up and leave home. The song was written by Hoppus, Feldmann, drummer Travis Barker, guitarist Matt Skiba, and songwriter David Hodges. Context_2 : Blink-182 (often stylized as blink-182; pronounced "blink one eighty two") is an American rock band formed in Poway, California in 1992. Since 2015, the lineup of the band has consisted of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus, drummer Travis Barker, and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba. Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge, Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor, the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor. Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action; in response, the band appended the meaningless number "-182". Context_3 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Context_4 : James M. Ingram is an American Recording Engineer based in Los Angeles, California. He first started working with Blink 182 members Mark Hoppus, and Travis Barker, at their studio in Los Angeles during the recording of the +44 album When Your Heart Stops Beating. During this time he also appeared as a frequent guest on Hoppus' podcast, "Hi My Name is Mark." Hoppus notes during podcast number 6, that this James Ingram is not to be confused with "THE James Ingram", the popular American soul musician. Context_5 : My Dinosaur Life is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on January 19, 2010 by Columbia Records. After many years on independent label Epitaph Records, Motion City Soundtrack signed to major label Columbia in 2006, prior to the release of their third album, "Even If It Kills Me" (2007). Blink-182 bassist Mark Hoppus returned to produce the album; he had previously worked with the band on their 2005 breakthrough "Commit This to Memory". Context_6 : Buddha is the third and final demo by the American rock band Blink-182. Recorded and released in January 1994 under the name Blink, it was the band's first recording to be sold and distributed. Blink-182 was formed in Poway, California, a suburb outside of San Diego, in August 1992. Guitarist Tom DeLonge and Mark Hoppus were introduced to one another by Hoppus' sister. The duo recruited drummer Scott Raynor and began to practice together in his bedroom, spending hours together writing music, attending punk shows and movies and playing practical jokes. The band had recorded two previous demos in Raynor's bedroom — "Flyswatter" and "Demo No.2" — using a four track recorder. Most of the tracks from the demo were re-recorded for their debut album "Cheshire Cat". Context_7 : Commit This to Memory is the second studio album by American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on June 7, 2005, in the United States by Epitaph Records. Motion City Soundtrack, formed in 1997, had first found success with their debut album, "I Am the Movie" (2002). The band toured in the interim years, creating positive word-of-mouth. In 2004, the band joined Blink-182 on the road for a string of shows, which led to their bassist, Mark Hoppus, joining the band in the studio for his first producing effort. Context_8 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known as the lead singer and programmer of electropunk band Mindless Self Indulgence. Context_9 : Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album of American rock band Blink-182. It was released on October 31, 2005 by Geffen Records. "Greatest Hits" was created by Geffen shortly after the band's February 2005 breakup, termed an "indefinite hiatus" by the label. Tensions had risen in the group and guitarist Tom DeLonge desired to take time off. Bassist Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker argued with DeLonge regarding the band's future and their possible next album, and heated exchanges led to DeLonge's exit. In the interim, Hoppus and Barker continued playing together in +44, and DeLonge formed his new outfit Angels & Airwaves. Context_10 : Hoppus On Music, previously titled A Different Spin with Mark Hoppus, is a talk show hosted by Blink-182 and +44 singer/bassist Mark Hoppus. The show premiered on September 16, 2010, on Fuse, and lasted until June 2012. The show formerly featured comedian Amy Schumer as the co-host. fact_1 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. fact_2 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Question: Jimmy Urine and Mark Hoppus, have which mutual occupations?
A: | singer, songwriter, and musician | 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Manglietia aromatica is a species of plant in the Magnoliaceae family. It is found in China and Vietnam. It is threatened by habitat loss. Context_2 : Diploglottis is a genus of 10 species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae. They grow naturally in rainforests and margins of adjoining humid forests in eastern Australia and New Guinea. Some species are known as native tamarind or small-leaved tamarind; they have no direct relationship with the true tamarind. Context_3 : Manglietia grandis is a species of plant in the Magnoliaceae family. It is endemic to China. It is threatened by habitat loss. Context_4 : Manglietia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Magnoliaceae. There are about 40 species native to Asia. Context_5 : Endoclita damor is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is known from India and the Himalayas. Food plants for this species include "Albizia", "Altingia", "Cinchona", "Coffea", "Erythrina", "Eugenia", "Glochidion", "Manglietia", "Nyssa", "Schima", "Tectona", "Tetradium", and "Theobroma". Context_6 : Manglietia ovoidea is a species of flowering plant in the family Magnoliaceae. It is endemic to China. There are only four small subpopulations of this critically endangered species. Context_7 : Manglietia sinica is a species of plant in the Magnoliaceae family. It is endemic to China. It is threatened by habitat loss. fact_1 : Diploglottis is a genus of 10 species of trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae. fact_2 : Manglietia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Magnoliaceae. Question: Are Diploglottis and Manglietia from the same family?
Ex Output:
no
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Abraham Asscher (19 September 1880 – 2 May 1950) was a Dutch Jewish businessman from Amsterdam, a politician, and a leader of his community who attained notoriety for his role during the German occupation of the Netherlands (1940–1945). Context_2 : Bella Fromm (20 December 1890 – 9 February 1972) was a German journalist and author of Jewish origin, who lived in exile in the United States from 1938. She is best known as the author of "Blood and Banquets" (1943), an account of her time as diplomatic correspondent for Berlin newspapers during the Weimar Republic, and of her experiences during the first five years of the Third Reich. Although this book was published as an authentic contemporary diary, and is frequently cited as such, recent research suggests that Fromm wrote it in the U.S. after leaving Germany. Context_3 : Moses Cohen Mordecai (1804-1888) was an American Jewish businessman, politician, and "parnass" (synagogue administrator). He was the owner of the Mordecai Steamship Line, which he used to import fruit, sugar, tobacco, and coffee. He also served as a member of the South Carolina Senate. He became "the most prominent Jewish Charlestonian of the 1850s and 1860s." During the American Civil War, he supported the Confederate States of America, and his ships were used by the Confederate States Navy. He retired in Baltimore. Context_4 : After the Second World War, with the installation of a new government in Iraq, the situation of the Jews in Iraq deteriorated. After prominent members of the Jewish community such as Laura Khozoee were arrested, and Shafiq Adas, a successful Jewish businessman, was hanged, many Iraqi Jews decided to emigrate. Some left for Israel while others decided to settle in Iran. They reached Iran with the help of Kurdish Jews and many arrived at Khorramshahr. With the help of Harun Abdolnabi, a prominent Jew in Khorramshahr, some were able to go to Tehran and obtain legal documents. From 1946 to 1951 many Iraqi Jews moved to Tehran, while others moved to Europe and the United States. At this time, with the help of Iranian Jews, the Iraqi Jews decided to create a cultural center. In 1946 Meir Abdullah Batson bought a large piece of land with an area of over 5000 m2 near the University of Tehran, in Ghods Street. He separated a piece of land of over 865 m2 and turned it into a synagogue, with the help of Saleh and Davood Mashi, Heskel Haim, and others. The community wanted to name the synagogue after Meir Abdullah, but the government did not accept it because he was a foreign citizen. Hence the name "Ettefagh" was chosen, and it became the main place of gathering for the Iraqi Jews of Tehran. The synagogue architecture was designed in the style of Babylonian architecture, and it was fitted with the most advanced cooling system of the time. Most of the Torah scrolls in the synagogue were brought by the Jews who came from Iraq, and a Babylonian Talmud in Aramaic script was dedicated to the synagogue. Many Iraqi Jews emigrated from Iran during the Iranian revolution, and today only a few families (mainly Iranian Jews) still use the synagogue. Context_5 : Rolf Schild OBE (1924 - 2003), was a German-born, British-based businessman, a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany who formed the company Huntleigh Technology, based in Luton, which manufactured and designed medical equipment. Context_6 : FC Maccabi Moscow (Russian: футбольный клуб Маккаби Москва) was a Russian amateur association football club, based in Moscow. The club was founded by the Russian Jewish businessman Pavel Feldblum in 2003, from the Jewish Community of Moscow. It became bankrupt in 2010, and dissolved that same year. Context_7 : Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a totalitarian state in which the Nazi Party controlled nearly all aspects of life. The official name of the state was "Deutsches Reich" from 1933 to 1943 and "Großdeutsches Reich" ("Greater German Reich") from 1943 to 1945. The period is also known under the names the Third Reich (German: "Drittes Reich" ) and the National Socialist Period (German: "Zeit des Nationalsozialismus" , abbreviated as "NS-Zeit"). The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe. Context_8 : William Phelps Eno (June 3, 1858 – December 3, 1945) was an American businessman responsible for many of the earliest innovations in road safety and traffic control. He is sometimes known as the "Father of traffic safety", despite never having learned to drive a car himself. Context_9 : Habib (Habibollah) Elghanian (Persian: حبیب (حبیبالله) القانیان , 5 April 1912 – 9 May 1979) was a prominent Iranian Jewish businessman and philanthropist who served as the president of the Tehran Jewish Society and acted as the symbolic head of the Iranian Jewish community in the 1970s. Context_10 : Herbert S. Auerbach (October 4, 1882 – 1945) was a prominent Jewish businessman in Salt Lake City and also a member of the Utah House of Representatives. fact_1 : Rolf Schild OBE (1924 - 2003), was a German-born, British-based businessman, a Jewish refugee from Nazi Germany who formed the company Huntleigh Technology, based in Luton, which manufactured and designed medical equipment. fact_2 : Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Question: Who was a Jewish businessman responsible for starting a company dealing with medial equipment after leaving Germany sometime between 1933-1945?
Ex Output:
Rolf Schild
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Digimon Masters (Korean: 디지몬 마스터즈, Japanese: デジモンマスターズ) is a free-to-play microtransaction supported massively multiplayer online role-playing game in a setting based on that of the Digimon media franchise, specifically the universe and characters of the fifth anime series, Digimon Data Squad (though many aspects of Digimon Adventure, Digimon Adventure 02, Digimon Tamers, Digimon Frontier and Digimon Fusion are incorporated). The game was first released in South Korea, and an English version was scheduled to be released in December, 2010 by WeMade Entertainment (the company responsible for the English Version of Digimon Battle), but was delayed to 2011. It was announced in July 2011 that Joymax, a subsidiary of WeMade Entertainment would publish the English version of the game. On August 30, 2011 Joymax held a pre-CBT for players, which ended on September 6, 2011. After the conclusion of the pre-CBT Joymax announced on September 22, 2011 that the OBT will held on September 27. The OBT for Digimon Masters concluded on October 11, 2011 with the game going into commercial service globally on October 20, 2011, except for some countries. Context_2 : Dale D. Kelly (sometimes credited as Dale Kelly and Kelly Dale) is a voice actor, part of the original Funimation voice cast for their English version Dragon Ball Z. He played the role of Captain Ginyu, and was also the narrator for Seasons 3-6. He left Funimation in 2001 for unknown reasons, and Brice Armstrong replaced him as the voice of Captain Ginyu for the video games and the uncut version of Season 2. In addition, Brice re-recorded Dale's voice for Captain Ginyu for the remastered boxed sets. Kyle Hebert replaced Dale as the narrator for Seasons 7-9, all movies, and in the uncut versions of seasons 1-2. Kyle also re-recorded Dale's narration in the remaining episodes and specials for the remastered boxed sets. As of now, Dale's voice has been completely removed from the Dragon Ball series (save for some of Captain Ginyu's battle grunts, which were left in due to Brice Armstrong's age, and a few background voices). Context_3 : The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards. It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards, representing the best films of 1947, but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source. It is possible for films from any country to be nominated, although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and (since 1983) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language. As such, there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories. Context_4 : Chrysalis (English version) / Désirs contraires (French version) is the second international studio album by Anggun. The album was released by Columbia Records and Sony Music Entertainment in over 15 countries in Europe and Asia, with the English version being first released in Japan on 30 August 2000 and the French version premiering in France on 2 October 2000. A major departure to her debut album's world music composition, "Chrysalis" features electropop sounds with elements of R&B and ambient music. The album was again produced by Erick Benzi, but it featured some of Anggun's compositions. Anggun also co-wrote the entire material on the English version. Context_5 : The Fox and the Child (French: "Le renard et l'enfant") is a 2007 French family drama film directed by Luc Jacquet. Starring Bertille Noël-Bruneau, Isabelle Carré and Thomas Laliberté. The English version of the film is narrated by Kate Winslet. Context_6 : Unmapped is a 2015 contemporary romantic-comedy novel written by Greek writer Nektaria Markakis. It is the first part in the Unmapped novel series, about Lexi (Alexandra) a woman who lives a programmed life based on her lists, because her parents forbade her having fun as a child. Chapters of the book where first published in Watt pad in early 2015, becoming quickly successful in both Greek and English having more than 30K views in both languages. The first four chapters are available to read in Watt pad. The book can be found in Amazon in the English language. The Greek version of the book was published in December 2015. It was unpublished on April 2016. The English version is still available on Amazon, while the Greek version was uploaded again on Wattpad with extra contect not available in neither Greek or English version. Context_7 : Sir Jeremy Isaacs (born 28 September 1932) is a Scottish television producer and executive, winner of many BAFTA awards and international Emmy Awards. He was also General Director of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (1987–96). Context_8 : Kate Elizabeth Winslet, CBE (born 5 October 1975), is an English actress. She is the recipient of an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, a BIFA Award, four Golden Globe Awards, a Grammy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, an AACTA Award, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards. Winslet is the youngest person to receive six Academy Award nominations, with seven nominations in total, and is one of the few actresses to win three of the four major American entertainment awards (EGOT). In addition, she has won awards from the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts and European Film Academy, among others, and the Honorary César Award in 2012. Context_9 : English version school is a system of education in Bangladesh that follows the national curriculum and based upon text books translated from the Bengali language into English. There are approximately 52 English version schools in Dhaka. In 2011 the first Internet based English version school opened in Gazipur. Context_10 : Catherine Elise Blanchett, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; born 14 May 1969) is an Australian actress and theatre director. She has received international acclaim and many accolades, including two Academy Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, three BAFTA Awards, six AACTA Awards, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards. Blanchett came to international attention for her role as Elizabeth I of England in Shekhar Kapur's 1998 film "Elizabeth", for which she won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress, the Golden Globe Award, and earned her first Academy Award for Best Actress nomination. Her portrayal of Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese's 2004 film "The Aviator" brought her critical acclaim and many accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role, making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor. In 2013, she starred as Jasmine Francis in Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine", for which she won numerous accolades including the Academy Award for Best Actress. fact_1 : The Fox and the Child (French: "Le renard et l'enfant") is a 2007 French family drama film directed by Luc Jacquet. fact_2 : Starring Bertille Noël-Bruneau, Isabelle Carré and Thomas Laliberté. fact_3 : The English version of the film is narrated by Kate Winslet. fact_4 : She is the recipient of an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, a BIFA Award, four Golden Globe Awards, a Grammy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, an AACTA Award, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards. Winslet is the youngest person to receive six Academy Award nominations, with seven nominations in total, and is one of the few actresses to win three of the four major American entertainment awards (EGOT). Question: How many BAFTA awards has the narrator of the English version of The Fox and the Child won?
Ex Output:
| three
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : "Home Is Such a Lonely Place" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for the group's seventh studio album, "California" (2016). The song was released as the third single from "California" on April 18, 2017 through BMG. It is a ballad with a finger-picked guitar and strings. Lyrically, the song revolves around the idea of letting go of the ones you love. Bassist Mark Hoppus and producer John Feldmann first began developing the song while discussing their families, and how tough it might be when their children grow up and leave home. The song was written by Hoppus, Feldmann, drummer Travis Barker, guitarist Matt Skiba, and songwriter David Hodges. Context_2 : Blink-182 (often stylized as blink-182; pronounced "blink one eighty two") is an American rock band formed in Poway, California in 1992. Since 2015, the lineup of the band has consisted of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus, drummer Travis Barker, and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba. Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge, Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor, the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor. Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action; in response, the band appended the meaningless number "-182". Context_3 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Context_4 : James M. Ingram is an American Recording Engineer based in Los Angeles, California. He first started working with Blink 182 members Mark Hoppus, and Travis Barker, at their studio in Los Angeles during the recording of the +44 album When Your Heart Stops Beating. During this time he also appeared as a frequent guest on Hoppus' podcast, "Hi My Name is Mark." Hoppus notes during podcast number 6, that this James Ingram is not to be confused with "THE James Ingram", the popular American soul musician. Context_5 : My Dinosaur Life is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on January 19, 2010 by Columbia Records. After many years on independent label Epitaph Records, Motion City Soundtrack signed to major label Columbia in 2006, prior to the release of their third album, "Even If It Kills Me" (2007). Blink-182 bassist Mark Hoppus returned to produce the album; he had previously worked with the band on their 2005 breakthrough "Commit This to Memory". Context_6 : Buddha is the third and final demo by the American rock band Blink-182. Recorded and released in January 1994 under the name Blink, it was the band's first recording to be sold and distributed. Blink-182 was formed in Poway, California, a suburb outside of San Diego, in August 1992. Guitarist Tom DeLonge and Mark Hoppus were introduced to one another by Hoppus' sister. The duo recruited drummer Scott Raynor and began to practice together in his bedroom, spending hours together writing music, attending punk shows and movies and playing practical jokes. The band had recorded two previous demos in Raynor's bedroom — "Flyswatter" and "Demo No.2" — using a four track recorder. Most of the tracks from the demo were re-recorded for their debut album "Cheshire Cat". Context_7 : Commit This to Memory is the second studio album by American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on June 7, 2005, in the United States by Epitaph Records. Motion City Soundtrack, formed in 1997, had first found success with their debut album, "I Am the Movie" (2002). The band toured in the interim years, creating positive word-of-mouth. In 2004, the band joined Blink-182 on the road for a string of shows, which led to their bassist, Mark Hoppus, joining the band in the studio for his first producing effort. Context_8 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known as the lead singer and programmer of electropunk band Mindless Self Indulgence. Context_9 : Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album of American rock band Blink-182. It was released on October 31, 2005 by Geffen Records. "Greatest Hits" was created by Geffen shortly after the band's February 2005 breakup, termed an "indefinite hiatus" by the label. Tensions had risen in the group and guitarist Tom DeLonge desired to take time off. Bassist Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker argued with DeLonge regarding the band's future and their possible next album, and heated exchanges led to DeLonge's exit. In the interim, Hoppus and Barker continued playing together in +44, and DeLonge formed his new outfit Angels & Airwaves. Context_10 : Hoppus On Music, previously titled A Different Spin with Mark Hoppus, is a talk show hosted by Blink-182 and +44 singer/bassist Mark Hoppus. The show premiered on September 16, 2010, on Fuse, and lasted until June 2012. The show formerly featured comedian Amy Schumer as the co-host. fact_1 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. fact_2 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Question: Jimmy Urine and Mark Hoppus, have which mutual occupations?
Example Output: singer, songwriter, and musician
Example Input: Context_1 : Harris, Forbes & Co. was an investment banking affiliate of Harris Bank incorporated in 1911. Harris, Forbes firm was acquired by Chase Manhattan Bank in 1930 to form Chase Harris, Forbes. Just two years later, in 1932, the firm was dissolved after the passage of the Glass–Steagall Act in 1932. Chase transferred what remained of its securities business to the Bank of Boston's newly formed First Boston Corporation, buttressing that firm's early municipal bond department. Context_2 : Beat Surf Fun is the third studio album from the indiepop band Tullycraft. The entire album was recorded on analog tape at a practice space the band rented in Ballard, WA. It is the first record the band released on Magic Marker Records based in Portland, OR. The album included the single "Wild Bikini" and the international indiepop hit "Twee." "Beat Surf Fun" also marks the first appearance of vocalist, Jenny Mears, who would eventually join Tullycraft. The design of the CD back card can be confusing since it lists the title of the album on the sides as "Fun Beat Surf" and "Surf Beat Fun" respectively. Context_3 : The West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1967 was held in Indian state of West Bengal in 1967 to elect 280 members to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly. United Front led by Ajoy Mukherjee won majority of seats in the election, and formed first non-Congress government of the state. Context_4 : SV St. Georg Hamburg is a German association football club playing in Hamburg. The club was established 3 June 1895 and shares a common origin with "FC Hammonia Hamburg": both sides arose out of the students group Seminarvereinigung Frisch-Auf with "St. Georg" being formed first on the left bank of the Alster River, and "Hammonia" appearing later on the right bank. Like their brother side, "St. Georg" was a founding member of the German Football Association (Deutscher Fussball Bund or German Football Association) at Leipzig in 1900. However, while "Hammonia" folded after only a short existence, "St. Georg" still plays today. Context_5 : Fun (stylized as fun.) is an American pop rock band based in New York City. The band was formed by Nate Ruess (former lead singer of The Format), with Andrew Dost (of Anathallo), and Jack Antonoff (of Steel Train and Bleachers). Fun has released two albums: "Aim and Ignite" in August 2009 and "Some Nights" in February 2012. Context_6 : Primary rock is an early term in geology that refers to crystalline rock formed first in geologic time, containing no organic remains, such as granite, gneiss and schist as well as igneous and magmatic formations from all ages. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary published in 1913 provides the following term as used in geology: Context_7 : Captain Konstantin Konstantinovich Vakulovsky (born 28 October 1894, died Summer 1918) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories. A major general's son, he volunteered for aviation duty on 8 August 1914, six days after graduating from university. He taught himself to fly, and became one of Russia's first military pilots on 13 June 1915. After escaping the fall of the Novogeorgievsk Fortress in a hazardous flight, Vakylovsky flew reconnaissance missions, some through heavy ground fire. Given command of the newly formed First Fighter Detachment, he became a flying ace credited with six aerial victories. He died in a flying accident during Summer 1918. Context_8 : Liberty Baptist Church is a historic church built about 1858 in Grooverville, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2013. It is located on Liberty Church Road. There is a Georgia Historical Commission historical marker at the site. According to the marker: "In 1841 the Ocklochnee anti-Missionary Baptist Association passed a ruling to dismiss members believing in the 'new fangled institutions of the day.'" One of the excommunicated sisters joined with others in forming the Liberty Baptist Church. The church includes a slave gallery. Freed slaves from the area formed First Elizabeth Church in Grooverville. Context_9 : Sugar was an American alternative rock band of the early 1990s. Formed in 1992, they were led by the singer and guitarist Bob Mould (ex-Hüsker Dü), alongside bassist David Barbe (ex-Mercyland) and drummer Malcolm Travis (ex-Human Sexual Response). Context_10 : The Japp–Maitland condensation is an organic reaction and a type of Aldol reaction and a tandem reaction. In a reaction between the ketone 2-pentanone and the aldehyde benzaldehyde catalyzed by base the bis Aldol adduct is formed first. The second step is a ring-closing reaction when one hydroxyl group displaces the other in a nucleophilic substitution forming an oxo-tetrahydropyran. fact_1 : Fun has released two albums: "Aim and Ignite" in August 2009 and "Some Nights" in February 2012. fact_2 : Sugar was an American alternative rock band of the early 1990s. fact_3 : Formed in 1992, they were led by the singer and guitarist Bob Mould (ex-Hüsker Dü), alongside bassist David Barbe (ex-Mercyland) and drummer Malcolm Travis (ex-Human Sexual Response). Question: Which band was formed first, Fun or Sugar?
Example Output: Sugar
Example Input: Context_1 : Jean-Claude Auvray is a French opera director. In 1973 he was appointed by Rolf Libermann to direct the Paris Opera in their productions of Puccini's "Tosca" (Puccini) and Mozart's "Così fan tutte". "Le Nozze di Figaro" was acclaimed in 1974. Among his 150 and more productions are "Tancredi" (Rossini), "La Gioconda" (Ponchielli), "Tristan und Isolde" (Wagner), "Manon" (Massenet), "Peter Grimes" (Britten), "Fidelio" (Beethoven), "Otello, "Aida" (Verdi), "La bohème" and "Gianni Schicchi" (Puccini). Between 1996 and 2006 he directed plays at the Israeli Opera. Context_2 : I Mori di Valenza ("The Moors of Valencia") is an opera in four acts composed by Amilcare Ponchielli to a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni. Ponchielli began composing the work in 1874, but at the time of his death in 1886, only the piano score for the first three acts and part of the fourth had been completed. The opera was later revised by Ponchielli's son Annibale and the orchestration and fourth act were completed by Arturo Cadore. It premiered on 17 March 1914 at the Théâtre du Casino in Monaco and ran for three performances. Context_3 : Arturo Cadore (15 September 1877 – 25 June 1929) was an Italian composer and organist. Born in Soresina (Province of Cremona), he primarily composed operettas and parlor songs. He is also known for having completed Amilcare Ponchielli's opera "I Mori di Valenza" which had been left unfinished when the composer died in 1886 and was premiered posthumously in 1914. In his later years he was the organist at the Chiesa di San Vittore in Olona (near Varese). Cadore died in Gaggiano at the age of 51. Context_4 : Teresina (Teresa) Brambilla (15 April 1845 – 1 July 1921) was an Italian soprano who sang in the major opera houses of Europe in a career spanning 25 years. She was particularly noted for her interpretations of the leading roles in operas by Amilcare Ponchielli whom she married in 1874. Context_5 : La Gioconda is an opera in four acts by Amilcare Ponchielli set to an Italian libretto by Arrigo Boito (as Tobia Gorrio), based on "Angelo, Tyrant of Padua", a play in prose by Victor Hugo, dating from 1835. (This is the same source as Gaetano Rossi had used for his libretto for Mercadante's "Il giuramento" in 1837). Context_6 : Gioconda Vessichelli (born in Rome, Italy) is an opera singer. Gioconda is the inventor and pioneer of BollywoOPERA style. She has sung in the Bollywood movie "Prague "in 2013, and she has given her voice for the Bollywood movie "Mary Kom" on the song "Ziddi dil" together with Vishal Dadlani.On 19th May 2017 her song "Itni si baat hai" has been released by the label T-series. On 20 December 2014 the song "Thodi Daaru" was released featuring Mika Singh. Gioconda has done live performances as first fusion ever between opera and classical Hindi music with artists of the caliber of Grammy Award winner Sukhwinder Singh, Hari Haran, Gino Banks, Niladri Kumar, Silvaganesha, in festivals and auditoriums like Nehru Centre[20] in Mumbai. She collaborates with Anup Jalota, and many others. On 31 March 2016 her international video "We are one" in which she sings and acts together with Anup Jalota for peace in the world has been launched from the Minister of India in Delhi. She is in the annual book of Italian opera singer for having sung in the first world edition of contemporary opera at "Teatro comunale di Modena", broadcast on Italian state radio RAI. Gioconda is the first singer in the premiere world ever of the contemporary opera “Lavinia fuggita” by Matteo d’Amico. She has two degrees in opera singing and musicology from Italian conservatory "Santa Cecilia" and international high school of opera "H.Wolf". The tenor Luciano Pavarotti has been her teacher, among other opera singers who selected her as one of the best students. She was selected as best singer at accademia rossiniana in Pesaro and she debuts the role of "Madama cortese" in "il viaggio a Reims" by Rossini with the symphonic orchestra of Rof at Rossini theatre in Pesaro. She sings again in a Rossini opera at Ercolano international opera season in "Il barbiere di Siviglia" and at teatro Politeama opera season in Lecce. After Rossini she debuts "Carmen" by Bizet. Her interpretation of the role "Mimì" in the opera "La Boheme" by Puccini received positive critiques. Context_7 : Dance of the Hours (Italian: "Danza delle ore ") is a short ballet and is the act 3 finale of the opera "La Gioconda" composed by Amilcare Ponchielli. It depicts the hours of the day through solo and ensemble dances. The opera was first performed in 1876 and was revised in 1880. Later performed on its own, the "Dance of the Hours" was at one time one of the best known and most frequently performed ballets. It became even more widely known after its inclusion in the 1940 Disney animated film "Fantasia" where it is depicted as a comic ballet featuring anthropomorphized ostriches, hippos, elephants, and alligators. Context_8 : Romilda Pantaleoni (1847 – 20 May 1917) was an Italian soprano who had a prolific opera career in Italy during the 1870s and 1880s. She sang a wide repertoire that encompassed bel canto roles, Italian and French grand opera, verismo operas, and the German operas of Richard Wagner. She became particularly associated with the roles of Margherita in Boito's "Mefistofele" and the title role in Ponchielli's "La Gioconda"; two roles which she performed in opera houses throughout Italy. She is best remembered today for originating the roles of Desdemona in Giuseppe Verdi's "Otello" (1887) and Tigrana in Giacomo Puccini's "Edgar" (1889). Universally admired for her acting skills as well as her singing abilities, Pantaleoni was compared by several critics to the great Italian stage actress Eleonora Duse. Context_9 : "Like I Do" is a song that was first released in 1962 by Nancy Sinatra. The melody is an adaptation of Amilcare Ponchielli's "Dance of the Hours" from "La Gioconda". The song reached No. 2 in Italy, No. 4 in the Netherlands, No. 6 in Japan, and No. 8 in South Africa. Context_10 : I Lituani (in English, "The Lithuanians") is an opera consisting of a prologue and three acts by Amilcare Ponchielli to an Italian libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, based on the historical poem "Konrad Wallenrod" written by Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz. It premiered at La Scala in Milan on 7 March 1874. fact_1 : "Like I Do" is a song that was first released in 1962 by Nancy Sinatra. fact_2 : The melody is an adaptation of Amilcare Ponchielli's "Dance of the Hours" from "La Gioconda". fact_3 : Dance of the Hours (Italian: "Danza delle ore ") is a short ballet and is the act 3 finale of the opera "La Gioconda" composed by Amilcare Ponchielli. Question: The song Like I do is an adaptation of what song from Amilcare Ponchielli's 3 act opera titled La Gioconda?
Example Output: | Dance of the Hours
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example input: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example output: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : Wade Beckett is a TV, film and digital producer who currently serves as Chief Programming Officer and Sr. Vice President of Production, at Fusion - a Disney/ABC & Univision joint venture. Beckett supervises Programming, Development and Production at Fusion—including the network's non-scripted series, documentaries & specials, and live events. Fusion series include "The Chris Gethard Show", hosted by Chris Gethard and executive produced by Will Ferrell, Adam McKay, Zach Galifianakis (co-produced by Funny or Die), My Selfie Life, (co-produced with NERD), "No, You Shut Up!", hosted by Paul F Tompkins (co-produced with The Jim Henson Company), "America with Jorge Ramos", hosted by eight-time Emmy winner Jorge Ramos, "Real Future", Drug Wars", "Like, Share, Die" (co-produced with Mondo Media) and "The Dan LeBatard Show" which is simulcasted with ESPN. Context_2 : Candy Alt Crowley (born December 26, 1948) is an American news anchor who was employed as CNN's chief political correspondent, specializing in USA national and state elections. She was based in CNN's Washington bureau and was the anchor of their Sunday morning talk show "State of the Union". She has covered elections for over two decades. Context_3 : Insiders is a news and talk show produced by ABC News hosted by veteran political journalist Barrie Cassidy. Similarly to the Sunday morning talk shows in the United States, it analyses and discusses Australian politics with the use of a panel of political journalists and columnists and interviews with prominent politicians and commentators. Context_4 : Morning Girls with Kris and Korina was a morning talk show on ABS-CBN, hosted by broadcaster Korina Sanchez and Kris Aquino which was aired from July 22, 2002 to May 28, 2004. Originally intended for only two weeks, the show instead ran for 16 months. It officially ended on May 28, 2004 when the network decided to tap Korina Sanchez for Rated K, a news-magazine program on the station's Sunday Slot, after Sharon temporarily went off-air, due to Sharon's pregnancy. Morning Girls was replaced by the now-defunct talk show Good Morning Kris, where Kris hosted the show for six months. Context_5 : Jorge Gilberto Ramos Ávalos (] ; born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican-American journalist and author. Regarded as the best-known Spanish-language news anchor in the United States of America, he has been referred to as "The Walter Cronkite of Latin America". Currently based in Miami, Florida, he anchors the Univision news television program "Noticiero Univision", the Univision Sunday-morning political news program "Al Punto", and the Fusion TV English-language program "America with Jorge Ramos". He has covered five wars, and events ranging from the fall of the Berlin Wall to the War in Afghanistan. Context_6 : Encontro com Fátima Bernardes is a morning talk show hosted by Brazilian journalist and former primetime news program "Jornal Nacional" anchor Fátima Bernardes. It first aired in June 25, 2012, and is broadcast from Monday to Friday on Rede Globo, after "Bem Estar". Context_7 : Reliable Sources is a Sunday morning talk show on the cable/satellite news network CNN that focuses on analysis of the American news media, currently hosted by Brian Stelter. The show is broadcast from 11:00 am to noon ET, from CNN's Time Warner Center studios in New York City. The show is also broadcast around the world by CNN International. It was initially created to cover the media's coverage of the Persian Gulf War, but has since also covered the media's coverage of the Valerie Plame affair, the Iraq War, the outing of Mark Felt as Deep Throat, and many other events and internal media stories. More recently, it has focused on coverage of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, and the subsequent presidential transition and Presidency of Donald Trump, the fake news epidemic, as well as the alleged Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election, among several other topics. Context_8 : Al Punto (] , "To the Point") is a Sunday morning talk show hosted by "Noticiero Univision" anchor Jorge Ramos on the Univision network and its sister network Galavisión. Until 2012, when "Enfoque" premiered on Telemundo, it was the only show of its type in the United States that broadcast in the Spanish language. Context_9 : Sunday Edition was a Canadian television public affairs program which aired from 1988 to 1999. The program was hosted by Mike Duffy and originated at CJOH-TV in Ottawa. Over the course of its run, it aired in several different time slots from late Sunday morning to early Sunday afternoons. Its format was similar to that of U.S. Sunday morning talk shows. Context_10 : Nichiyō Tōron (日曜討論 , lit. "Sunday debate") is a Sunday morning talk show broadcast in Japan by public broadcaster NHK. It often takes the format of a moderated debate between several politicians from parties represented in the National Diet and sometimes leading bureaucrats or non-political guests, although some editions feature interviews with only one guest. "Nichiyō Tōron" debuted in 1994, but replaced a range of several talk shows on political and economic issues including Kokkai Tōronkai (国会討論会, "Diet forum") , a similar Sunday morning political talk show that had been on air since 1947 on radio and since 1957 on television. fact_1 : Al Punto (] , "To the Point") is a Sunday morning talk show hosted by "Noticiero Univision" anchor Jorge Ramos on the Univision network and its sister network Galavisión. fact_2 : Jorge Gilberto Ramos Ávalos (] ; born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican-American journalist and author. Question: Al Punto, is a Sunday morning talk show hosted by which TV news show, anchor Jorge Ramos, a Mexican-American journalist and author?
A: | Noticiero Univision | 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : In mathematics, Fesenko groups are certain subgroups of the wild automorphism groups of local fields of positive characteristic (i.e. the Nottingham group), studied by Ivan Fesenko (). Context_2 : The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys (CITMA) was founded in 1934 as the British professional body for trade mark attorneys. It received a Royal Charter in 2016 which saw its name change from ITMA. CITMA is a professional membership organisation with the power to shape law and practice – nationally and internationally, as well as supporting and promoting the trade mark attorney profession. It has legal responsibility for regulating the profession, which is delegated to the Intellectual Property Regulation Board (IPReg). Context_3 : In probability theory, the Markov–Krein theorem gives the best upper and lower bounds on the expected values of certain functions of a random variable where only the first moments of the random variable are known. The result is named after Andrey Markov and Mark Krein. Context_4 : Mark Grigorievich Krein (Ukrainian: Марко Григорович Крейн , Russian: Марк Григо́рьевич Крейн ; 3 April 1907 – 17 October 1989) was a Soviet Jewish mathematician, one of the major figures of the Soviet school of functional analysis. He is known for works in operator theory (in close connection with concrete problems coming from mathematical physics), the problem of moments, classical analysis and representation theory. Context_5 : Ivan Fesenko (Russian: Иван Борисович Фесенко ; born 1962) is a mathematician working in number theory and other areas of modern mathematics. Context_6 : Horace Ezra Bixby (May 8, 1826 - August 1, 1912) was a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi-Missouri-Ohio river system from the late 1840s until his death in 1912. Bixby is notable in his own right for his high standing in his profession, for his technical contributions to it, and for his service in the American Civil War. However, he is best known for having had as his "cub pilot" (that is, apprentice or trainee) the young man known to him as Sam Clemens, later to become famous under his pen name as American author Mark Twain. Twain's descriptions of Bixby's character and pedagogic style form a good part of his memoir "Life on the Mississippi", and it was through this medium that Bixby—much to his annoyance—became well-known beyond the circles of his family, friends and profession. Context_7 : Prior to the Ivan Allen Jr. Prize for Social Courage, the Georgia Institute of Technology's Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts had awarded the Ivan Allen Jr. Prize for Progress & Service. Awarded annually from 2001-2010, the Prize honored individuals who had contributed to the progress of American civilization through his or her service to a field or profession associated with the academic disciplines taught in the Ivan Allen College. Context_8 : Samuel Manetoali (born January 24, 1969) is a member of the National Parliament of the Solomon Islands. He represents the Gao/Bugotu constituency in Isabel Province. He attended Lepi Primary School and then went on to do his secondary education at the prestigious King George Sixth National School in Honiara. He attended law school at the University of Papua New Guinea and graduated with an LLB degree and further unspecified qualifications from the University of Tasmania and University of South Australia. Prior to entering politics he worked in the country's Public Solicitors Office, then he worked as a private lawyer and a legal adviser to the Isabel Provincial Government. He first entered parliament in the 2006 general election and re-elected in the 2010 general election.. He served as the Solomon Islands' Minister of Police, National Security and Correctional Services in Prime Minister Derek Sikua's Cabinet until May 2009, when he was transferred to the position of Minister for Lands, Survey, and Housing. Following the 2010 general election, he remained in Cabinet, under new Prime Minister Danny Philip, as Minister for Tourism and Culture. In this year's (2014) general election which was held on the 19th November, he was voted in again for the third term with a landslide victory. . He contested as an independent candidate in last week's election.. As a lawyer, many people had expected more from him seeing that many world leaders including Barack Obama and Tony Abott are lawyers by profession and he appears to be a potential candidate for the prime minister's post given his experience as a politician (3 terms including the current term) and his noble profession. His current success in the recent election could be attributed to projects such as mini-fisheries projects that he established in the various villages in his constituency. He also helped the villages and communities by giving handouts such as roofing irons, outboard motor engines, fiber boats, solar panels, cash money and other form of support as a way to maintain and broaden his support. He also supported local tourism in his constituency by giving financial help to tourism operators such as on Sigana Island,albeit, tourism is still at its infant stage in his constituency. His other elixir to maintain his popularity and support is through facilitating and sending Bamboo Bands/groups notably the Hageulu bamboo band overseas for the promotion of tourism and culture for the country and he managed to do that in his capacity as the minister of Tourism and Culture in the Lilo-led government. He was also instrumental in establishing the Gao-Bugotu Cultural Festival initially held in Huali Village in Gao and in Sepi/Lepi Villages in Bugotu. Context_9 : In mathematics, Tannaka–Krein duality theory concerns the interaction of a compact topological group and its category of linear representations. It is a natural extension of Pontryagin duality, between compact and discrete commutative topological groups, to groups that are compact but noncommutative. The theory is named for two men, the Soviet mathematician Mark Grigorievich Krein, and the Japanese Tadao Tannaka. In contrast to the case of commutative groups considered by Lev Pontryagin, the notion dual to a noncommutative compact group is not a group, but a category Π("G") with some additional structures, formed by the finite-dimensional representations of "G". Context_10 : Ivan Vasilievich Changes Profession (Russian: Иван Васильевич меняет профессию , "Ivan Vasilyevich menyayet professiyu " ) is a Soviet comic science fiction film directed by Leonid Gaidai in 1973. In the United States the film has sometimes been sold under the title Ivan Vasilievich: Back to the Future. This film is based on the play "" by Mikhail Bulgakov and was one of the most attended movies in the Soviet Union in 1973 with more than 60 million tickets sold. fact_1 : Mark Grigorievich Krein (Ukrainian: Марко Григорович Крейн , Russian: Марк Григо́рьевич Крейн ; 3 April 1907 – 17 October 1989) was a Soviet Jewish mathematician, one of the major figures of the Soviet school of functional analysis. fact_2 : Ivan Fesenko (Russian: Иван Борисович Фесенко ; born 1962) is a mathematician working in number theory and other areas of modern mathematics. Question: What profession has both Ivan Fesenko and Mark Krein held?
Example Output: mathematician
Example Input: Context_1 : The Keep the Clause campaign was a privately funded political campaign organised in 2000 with the aim of resisting the repeal of legislation known as Clause 28 of the Local Government Act 1988 in Scotland and the United Kingdom, which forbade local authorities to "intentionally promote homosexuality". (Clause 28 was known as Section 2A of the relevant Scottish legislation). The campaign involved the first privately funded referendum to take place across Scotland. The campaign was ultimately unsuccessful. Context_2 : The Google Lunar XPRIZE (GLXP), sometimes referred to as Moon 2.0, is an inducement prize space competition organized by XPRIZE, and sponsored by Google. The challenge calls for privately funded spaceflight teams to be the first to land a privately funded robotic spacecraft on the Moon, travel 500 meters, and transmit back high-definition video and images. Context_3 : The Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery is a public-private biomedical research partnership that is located on the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus. It consists of two institutions: the privately funded Morgridge Institute for Research, and the publicly funded Wisconsin Institute for Discovery. Both institutes opened in 2010. The publicly funded institute is headed by David Krakauer, and the privately funded institute is led by chief executive officer Brad Schwartz. Jo Handelsman has been appointed as Director of the Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, effective on February 1, 2017. Context_4 : Tanoto Foundation is a privately funded non-profit organisation founded by Indonesian entrepreneur Sukanto Tanoto and his wife Tinah Bingei Tanoto. The Foundation focuses mainly on poverty alleviation, funding and developing programs aimed at improving access and quality to education, empowering rural and under-privileged communities to be self-sufficient, and enhancing rural quality of life. The Foundation operates in countries in which Tanoto has business presence. Context_5 : William Grant Still (May 11, 1895 – December 3, 1978) was an American composer, who composed more than 150 works, including five symphonies and eight operas. Context_6 : The Mississippi Institute of Arts and Letters (MIAL) is a privately funded foundation created to recognize annually the greatest accomplishments in art, music, literature, and photography among Mississippians. The idea was conceived by, among others, former Mississippi Governor William Winter, Dr. Cora Norman, Dr. Aubrey Lucas, and Dr. Noel Polk in 1978, and the first awards were given out in 1980. Nominations for these awards may be made only by registered members of the Institute. The winners are chosen by a jury of prominent academics in each of the seven fields: Fiction, Non-fiction, Visual Art, Concert Musical Composition, Popular Musical Composition, Photography, and Poetry. The ceremony is held in a different Mississippi city each year. Past winners have included Walker Percy, Ellen Douglas, Ellen Gilchrist, Richard Ford, Larry Brown, Rick Bass, Lewis Nordan, Beverly Lowry, Donna Tartt, Clifton Taulbert, Barry Hannah, Willie Morris, Leontyne Price, Cynthia Shearer, Stephen Ambrose, Steve Yarbrough, Tom Franklin, Brad Watson, Shelby Foote, Natasha Trethewey, Birney Imes, Maude Schyler Clay, William Grant Still, Morgan Freeman, Christopher Maurer, Wyatt Waters, Logan Skelton, and many others. Lifetime achievement awards have been presented to artists such as Gulf Coast painter and potter Walter Anderson, Jackson writer Eudora Welty, and the distinguished film actor from the Delta, Morgan Freeman. Context_7 : The NEXT Foundation is a privately funded New Zealand philanthropic foundation that was launched in March 2014. It has a mandate to invest $100 million over 10 years into environmental and educational projects that will benefit New Zealanders. NEXT Foundation is aiming to make large-scale commitments of approximately $5–15 million per annum over 10 years to a small number of projects. Context_8 : Operation USA (also known as OpUSA, Operation California, or OpCal) is a non profit humanitarian organization dedicated to helping communities alleviate the effects of disaster, disease, and endemic poverty throughout the world by providing privately funded relief, reconstruction, humanitarian aid and development aid. It is exclusively privately funded, receiving no assistance from the United States federal government. OPUSA had a revenue of over $22 million in fiscal year 2012 and has shipped over $425 million worth of "high-priority medical, nutritional and shelter supplies" since its inception, including shipments to Haiti, Japan, Chile, Kenya and Pakistan in 2011 and 2011. Context_9 : Claude Moore Colonial Farm, originally Turkey Run Farm, is a U.S. park in Virginia recreating and reenacting life on a tenant farm c. 1771. Turkey Run is the only privately run park in the U.S. National Park Service (NPS). The Friends of Claude Moore Colonial Farm at Turkey Run Inc., a privately funded foundation, pays for all activities on the farm, while the land is owned by the NPS. They receive only certain maintenance tasks from the Park Service. The Farm is located in Langley, Virginia, a suburb of McLean, Virginia, next to the George Bush Center for Intelligence and the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center. Market Fair events are held at the park. Context_10 : Soyuz TM-30 (Russian: Союз ТМ-30 , "Union TM-30"), also known as Mir EO-28, was a Soyuz mission, the 39th and final human spaceflight to the Mir space station. The crew of the mission was sent by MirCorp, a privately funded company, to reactivate and repair the station. The crew also resupplied the station and boosted the station to an orbit with a low point (perigee) of 360 and a high point (apogee) of 378 kilometers (223 and 235 miles, respectively). The boost in the station's orbit, which was done by utilizing the engines of the Progress M1-1 and M1-2 spacecraft, made transit between Mir and the International Space Station impossible, as desired by NASA. The mission was the first privately funded mission to a space station. fact_1 : The idea was conceived by, among others, former Mississippi Governor William Winter, Dr. Cora Norman, Dr. Aubrey Lucas, and Dr. Noel Polk in 1978, and the first awards were given out in 1980. fact_2 : Past winners have included Walker Percy, Ellen Douglas, Ellen Gilchrist, Richard Ford, Larry Brown, Rick Bass, Lewis Nordan, Beverly Lowry, Donna Tartt, Clifton Taulbert, Barry Hannah, Willie Morris, Leontyne Price, Cynthia Shearer, Stephen Ambrose, Steve Yarbrough, Tom Franklin, Brad Watson, Shelby Foote, Natasha Trethewey, Birney Imes, Maude Schyler Clay, William Grant Still, Morgan Freeman, Christopher Maurer, Wyatt Waters, Logan Skelton, and many others. fact_3 : William Grant Still (May 11, 1895 – December 3, 1978) was an American composer, who composed more than 150 works, including five symphonies and eight operas. Question: What American composer was recognized by a privately funded foundation that was concevied in 1978?
Example Output: William Grant Still
Example Input: Context_1 : The Most Hated Woman in America is an American biopic film directed by Tommy O'Haver and written by O'Haver and Irene Turner. It stars Melissa Leo as Madalyn Murray O'Hair. Context_2 : Tetrameroceras is a genus of short, essentially straight, breviconic, nautiloid cephalopods from the middle and Upper Silurian of Europe and North America included in the oncocerid family Hemiphragmoceraidae. Context_3 : The New England Colonies of British America included Connecticut Colony, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Massachusetts Bay Colony, and Province of New Hampshire, as well as a few smaller short-lived colonies. The New England colonies were part of the Thirteen Colonies and eventually became five of the six states in New England. Captain John Smith was the author of the 1616 work "A Description of New England" which first applied the term "New England" to the coastal lands from Long Island Sound to Newfoundland. Context_4 : The Most Hated Family in America is a 2007 BBC documentary film written and presented by Louis Theroux about the family at the core of the Westboro Baptist Church. The organization was led by Fred Phelps (who has since died) and located in Topeka, Kansas. Westboro Baptist Church members believe that the United States government is immoral due to its tolerance of homosexuality; in addition, they protest at funerals of U.S. military killed in action with signs that display text such as "God Hates Fags" and "Thank God for Dead Soldiers". With a BBC film crew, Theroux travelled to Kansas to spend time with members of the church and interview its leadership. In the documentary, church members are shown protesting at funerals of U.S. soldiers. Theroux interviews church leadership including Fred Phelps and Shirley Phelps-Roper. Context_5 : Henry C. Groseclose was born on May 17, 1892. He lived in Ceres, Virginia for most of his life. Mr. Groseclose completed his junior college degree from Washington and Lee University in 1917. In his later years, he also received his bachelor’s degree, as well as his master’s degree, in agricultural education from Virginia Tech. While Mr. Groseclose was an agriculture teacher at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, he, along with three other agriculture teachers, Walter Newman, Edmund Magill and Harry Sanders, decided to establish a club for the farm boys in the school. The organization was fired up in 1925. Groseclose named the organization the Future Farmers of Virginia, or FFV for short. The original meaning for the abbreviation FFV stood for the First Families of Virginia. The “first families” referred to the families of both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Referring to Washington and Jefferson, Groseclose once stated that, “The Future Farmers of America should follow the example of these great sons of early Virginia by using scientific knowledge, intelligence, and enthusiasm to the end that agriculture may again be known as the profession of the real aristocrat.” Groseclose wrote the by-laws, as well as the constitution that the FFV would be based on. In 1926, he also wrote, and brought into play, the formal ceremony that would take place as an organizational pattern to structure each meeting. Two years later, in 1928, the FFV became a nationwide organization. This developed the organization that is known today as the Future Farmers of America, or The National FFA Organization, or just FFA for short. The by-laws drawn up by Henry Groseclose became the foundation of the newly national organization. Also, the formal ceremony that Groseclose developed was taken on by the FFA as a national ritual that is still used today. Groseclose was a seventh degree Grange member, and he was also involved with the Masons, so it was no surprise when he developed levels of memberships for the FFV, which transferred through to the FFA, that were similar to the three leveled membership structure that the Masons uses. These three levels included the Greenhand, the Virginia Farmer and the Virginia Planter. While the official emblem of the National FFA Organization was being drawn, Groseclose’s original emblem, which he hand drew himself, was highly considered and ended up playing a part in the emblem that is still the emblem of the National FFA Organization today. The part of the emblem that was from Mr. Groseclose’s original drawing included a background setting of a half plowed wheat field with an owl perched upon a spade of wheat in front of the field. Henry Groseclose served as the Executive Secretary of the National FFA Organization for two years between 1928 and 1930. During his office of Executive Secretary, he announced at the national convention of 1930 that he had written, and would be releasing, an official FFA manual, which outlined the organization, procedures and structures of the National FFA Organization. Mr. Groseclose also served as the Treasurer of the National FFA Organization for 11 years, between 1930 and 1941. In September 1925, Henry Groseclose set his expectations for the members of the FFV, and the purpose of the establishment of the Future Farmers of Virginia was by saying, "In my opinion the farm boys of Virginia who are enrolled in vocational agriculture are equal to any other group of boys in the state. But somehow the boys themselves seem to have a feeling of inferiority. Especially is this true when the farm boy goes to the city and has to compete with his city cousin. This condition should not exist. I believe that a strong organization of our boys in agriculture would help them to overcome this handicap. Let's form an organization that will give them a greater opportunity for self-expression and for the development of leadership. In this way they will develop confidence in their own ability and pride in the fact that they are farm boys." Mr. Henry C. Groseclose died on June 4 of 1950. In 2002, the Department of Historic Resources established a marker in Mr. Groseclose’s honor. It is Marker number KC-5 and it is displayed in Bland County of Ceres, Virginia. Context_6 : The history of surveying in early America included the mapping of large, unknown territories and the layout of the District of Columbia. Several presidents were involved, including George Washington. Context_7 : The Gaspee Days Committee is a civic-minded, nonprofit organization that operates many community events in and around Pawtuxet Village, including the famous Gaspee Days Parade each June. These events are all designed to commemorate the 1772 burning of the hated British revenue schooner, HMS "Gaspée" , by Rhode Island patriots as America's ‘First Blow for Freedom'. Context_8 : Madalyn Murray O'Hair ("née" Mays; April 13, 1919 – September 29, 1995), who also used multiple pseudonyms (her most preferred being M. Bible), was an American activist, founder of American Atheists, and the organization's president from 1963 to 1986. She created the first issues of "American Atheist Magazine". One of her sons, Jon Garth Murray, became the nominal president of the organization from 1986 to 1995, but she remained "de facto" president during these nine years. Context_9 : Aletoceras is a genus of Oncocerida nautiloids from the middle Devonian of North America included in the family Brevicoceratidae. Context_10 : "Daisy Jane" is a song written by Gerry Beckley of the group America included on the 1975 America album "Hearts". Issued as that album's second single — following up the #1 hit "Sister Golden Hair" — "Daisy Jane" reached #20 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming the final Top 20 hit by the original three-member incarnation of America. On the Easy Listening chart the track reached #4. In Canada the chart peak of "Daisy Jane" was #16 on the Pop singles chart and #2 on the Adult Contemporary chart. fact_1 : It stars Melissa Leo as Madalyn Murray O'Hair. fact_2 : Madalyn Murray O'Hair ("née" Mays; April 13, 1919 – September 29, 1995), who also used multiple pseudonyms (her most preferred being M. Bible), was an American activist, founder of American Atheists, and the organization's president from 1963 to 1986. Question: The Most Hated Woman in America included the character who was the founder of what organization?
Example Output: | American Atheists
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Las Vegas Weekly is a free alternative weekly newspaper based in Henderson, Nevada, covering Las Vegas arts, entertainment, culture and news. "Las Vegas Weekly" is published by Greenspun Media Group. The paper was founded in 1992 by James P. Reza, Greg Ryan and Robert Ringle as a free monthly publication called "Scope Magazine" covering Southern Nevada's culture, arts, music and lifestyle from a decidedly Generation X perspective . "Scope" published its first issue in April 1992. In 1996, Reza partnered with Daniel Greenspun, forming a new company (Radiant City Publications LLC) to publish "Scope". During this partnership, Reza continued on as Managing Editor, broadening the coverage to a more traditional alternative newsweekly style, and accelerated the publishing schedule to biweekly. In 1998, Reza sold his remaining interest in "Scope" to The Greenspun Corporation, who retooled it and renamed it "Las Vegas Weekly". As of December 2009, "Las Vegas Weekly" had a circulation of 65,000. Context_2 : The Las Vegas Global Economic Alliance (LVGEA) is a 501(c)6 membership organization led by President and CEO Jonas R. Peterson established to promote economic diversification and growth in Clark County, Nevada, including the Cities of Las Vegas, North Las Vegas, Henderson, Boulder City, and Mesquite. The organization was formed as the Southern Nevada Industrial Foundation in 1956, later known as the Nevada Development Authority, and finally renamed the LVGEA in 2013. The organization has helped attract, retain and expand companies including Levi Strauss & Co., Bank of America, Zappos and SolarCity to the Las Vegas area. The organization stated an intent to raise $7.5 million over three years through its Engage Southern Nevada Investment campaign. Context_3 : Anthony Marinelli (born March 19, 1959) is a classically trained American pianist, musician, composer and conductor. In his early career, he composed and performed accompaniment on the synthesizer for albums including Michael Jackson's "Thriller" (1983). Marinelli has also recorded with Lionel Richie, Kenny Loggins, Herb Alpert, Supertramp, The Crystal Method, Billy Childs and James Brown. Context_4 : The Beepers were an American music band consisting of Anthony Marinelli, Arthur B. Rubinstein, Brian Banks and Cynthia Morrow. They provided the theme song, "Murphy's Law" for the film, "Blue Thunder" (1983), their single "Video Fever" and the song "History Lesson" is used in the soundtrack for the 1983 film "WarGames". Context_5 : The Crystal Method is an American electronic music and keyboardist duo formed in Las Vegas, Nevada by Ken Jordan and Scott Kirkland in the early 1990s. Like The Chemical Brothers, Fatboy Slim, The Prodigy and others, they are pioneers of the big beat genre. The Crystal Method's music has appeared in numerous TV shows, films, video games, and advertisements. Their album "Vegas", was certified platinum in 2007. Context_6 : Poppermost is an original indie pop rock music band based in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. The retro band draws comparisons to The Turtles, The Beach Boys, Harry Nilsson, Simon & Garfunkel, The Beatles, Queen, Elliott Smith, Elvis Costello, The Kinks, Paul McCartney, The Hollies, Traveling Wilburys, Oasis, The Who, Electric Light Orchestra, Wilco, and classic '60s / '70s pop rock radio. Poppermost has been listed as one of "Our picks for the best bands" by the "Las Vegas Weekly" entertainment magazine, and also received a "Best of Las Vegas 2007" award from the "Las Vegas Review-Journal" newspaper.<ref name="RJ3/25/07">"Best Local R&B Band", "Las Vegas Review-Journal"</ref> Singer/songwriter/multi-instrumentalist, Alex Oliver, and bassist and audio/video/graphics/web designer, Roy Rendahl, both registered with ASCAP, started Poppermost on July 4, 2001. They have released three full-length albums, and several CD singles and EPs of original music, all recorded at Roy's Trimordial Studio in Las Vegas. Roy is now mastering their latest recordings too. Poppermost's influences include: The Beatles, R.E.M., The Beach Boys, Queen, Wilco, Oasis, classic '60s AM and '70s FM, The Who, Carole King, and Burt Bacharach and Hal David. The Poppermost name originates from the early Beatles' inspirational call and response, John: "Where are we going, lads?" Paul, George, Ringo: "To the toppermost of the poppermost, Johnny!" Context_7 : The Vermin is a punk rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada. The band formed in 1984 (1986 in some sources)as Vermin From Venus by singer and guitarist Dirk Vermin, and was noted for releasing one of the first independent punk rock albums in Las Vegas, "Sex on Planet X". In 1994, Vermin and bassist Rob Ruckus formed a punk cover band called Godboy, and in 1995 the bands merged, adopting the name The Vermin. The band recorded their first album under their new name, "Hell or Las Vegas", in 1996 with drummer Anthony Hudak, but Hudak left the band soon after and was immediately replaced with current drummer Gerry "Turbo" Proctor. The band was featured in the low-budget horror film "Trans-American Killer" in 2005. Singer Dirk Vermin opened Pussykat Tattoo in 1999; the shop, Vermin, and bassist Ruckus are currently featured in the A&E program "Bad Ink". Context_8 : Electric Daisy Carnival, commonly known as EDC, is one of the biggest electronic dance music festivals in the world , with its flagship held annually in Las Vegas, Nevada. Popular electronic dance producers and DJs such as Armin van Buuren, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Yellow Claw, and Tiësto perform at the many locations held yearly for EDC. The festival incorporates various styles of dance music including trap, bounce, trance, techno, bass, house, hard-style, and more. Since its inception It has since spread to various venues across the United States (California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Nevada, New Jersey, New York and Texas) as well as abroad, including Mexico, Puerto Rico, the UK, Brazil, Japan & India. The largest electronic music festival outside of Europe, EDC was dubbed the "American Ibiza" in 2010. In 2009, EDC became a two-day event, and in 2011 a three-day event in Las Vegas that drew 230,000 people. In 2015 it drew more than 400,000 over three days (134,000 per day). Context_9 : Gideon is a 1998 American romantic tragic comedy starring Christopher Lambert, Charlton Heston and Carroll O'Connor. The film was directed by Claudia Hoover and written by Brad Mirman with music by Anthony Marinelli. Context_10 : The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada. The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium. NFL team owners voted 31–1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017. The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s, following the Rams' move from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2016, and the Chargers' move from San Diego, California to Los Angeles on January 12, 2017. The Raiders' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL. fact_1 : Marinelli has also recorded with Lionel Richie, Kenny Loggins, Herb Alpert, Supertramp, The Crystal Method, Billy Childs and James Brown. fact_2 : The Crystal Method is an American electronic music and keyboardist duo formed in Las Vegas, Nevada by Ken Jordan and Scott Kirkland in the early 1990s. Question: What American electronic music and keyboardist duo formed in Las Vegas, Nevada by Ken Jordan and Scott Kirkland in the early 1990s recorded with Anthony Marinelli?
[EX A]: The Crystal Method
[EX Q]: Context_1 : "Are You Getting Enough?" is a song by British rapper Professor Green, featuring singer Miles Kane. It was released on 21 July 2013 and it only appears on the deluxe version of "Growing Up in Public". The track features vocals from the British singer Miles Kane. The song was written by Professor Green, Miles Kane and Kid Harpoon, and produced by Kid Harpoon. Context_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Context_3 : "Come Closer" is a song by the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 18 February 2011. In interviews he has described this song as sleazy. The song was inspired by John Lennon. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as digital download. The first 500 7" came with a signed set of lyrics by Miles Kane. Context_4 : Casey McPherson (born September 15, 1978 in Lake Jackson, Texas) is a singer/songwriter based in Austin, Texas. He is currently the frontman of the band Alpha Rev and formerly sang in the band Endochine. Context_5 : Baron Batch (born December 21, 1987), self-styled "The Artist", a Pittsburgh-based entrepreneur and former American football running back who retired from the NFL in 2013. He is known for his "FREE" art drops, where he posts pictures of giveaway paintings on Instagram and Twitter, leaving clues to their location. He played college football at Texas Tech University. Batch chose to play college football at Texas Tech University over offers from Northwestern University, Duke University, and New Mexico State University. Batch is from Midland, Texas. He is the owner and creator of Angry Man Salsa and creative director of Studio AM. He is the brother of Brian Batch of the band Alpha Rev. Context_6 : "Inhaler" is a song and debut release of the English musician Miles Kane and was released on 19 November 2010. It was released as a limited run on 7" vinyl and as a Digital download on iTunes. The song was re-released on 8 July 2011. Matt Collar of AllMusic describes the song as "bluesy acid garage". Joe Zadeh of Clash comments that the song is "brilliantly executed, explosive indie rock". The song is based on a riff borrowed from "Mother Nature Father Earth", a song by the 1960s garage rock band The Music Machine. Context_7 : Aaron Nicholas Cupples is an Australian born, London (UK) based, record producer, composer and musician. He has produced, composed or mixed for artists such as Blanck Mass, Civil Civic, The Vaccines, The Drones, Miles Kane, Broken Social Scene, Paul Kelly, Dominique Young Unique, Dan Kelly, Snowman, and Standish/Carlyon. Context_8 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. He was also the former frontman of the Rascals, before the band announced their break-up in August 2009. Context_9 : Hotel Shampoo is the third solo album by Welsh musician and Super Furry Animals front-man Gruff Rhys. It was released on 14 February 2011 through Onvi Records/Turnstile (in the UK) and Wichita (in the US) and peaked at number forty-two on the UK Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Shark Ridden Waters", "Sensations In The Dark", "Honey All Over" and "Space Dust #2"; the latter of which is collaboration with Sarah Assbring and Miles Kane. The album won the 2011 Welsh Music Prize and the Album of the Year award at the Artrocker Awards 2011. Context_10 : Aaron Howard Johnson (born February 8, 1977) is an American music producer. Aaron has produced and mixed many artists including Alpha Rev, Secondhand Serenade, Katie Herzig, Adam Ezra, and Eve6, but he is best known for being the producer of the Denver-based rock band the Fray. fact_1 : Miles Peter Kane (born 17 March 1986) is an English musician, best known as a solo artist and the co-frontman of the Last Shadow Puppets. fact_2 : Alpha Rev is an American alternative rock band from Austin, Texas, fronted by Casey McPherson (formerly of Endochine). Question: Are Miles Kane and Alpha Rev both based in the US?
[EX A]: no
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Solenostemon, commonly known as "Coleus" is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. Several species formerly included have been moved to the genus "Plectranthus". They are native to tropical Africa, Asia and Australia. Some species are cultivated for their highly variegated leaves. Context_2 : Pseudocydonia sinensis, the Chinese quince, is a deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the family Rosaceae, native to eastern Asia in China, and the sole species in the genus Pseudocydonia. It is closely related to the east Asian genus "Chaenomeles", and is sometimes placed in "Chaenomeles" as "C. sinensis", but notable differences are the lack of thorns, and that the flowers are produced singly, not in clusters. The Chinese quince is also closely related to the European Quince genus "Cydonia"; notable differences include the serrated leaves, and lack of fuzz. fact_1 : Solenostemon, commonly known as "Coleus" is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. fact_2 : It is closely related to the east Asian genus "Chaenomeles", and is sometimes placed in "Chaenomeles" as "C. sinensis", but notable differences are the lack of thorns, and that the flowers are produced singly, not in clusters. Question: how is Solenostemon and Pseudocydonia connected?
[EX A]: | flowers
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : "Not Giving Up on Love" is a collaboration between Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren and English singer Sophie Ellis-Bextor. It was released on 20 August 2010 as the second single from van Buuren's fourth studio album, "Mirage", and the fourth single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, "Make a Scene". Context_2 : In God We Trust is the fourth release, and fourth studio album by Christian metal band Stryper, released in 1988 (see 1988 in music). After the hard-rocking "To Hell with the Devil", Stryper decided to follow up with an album that was more pop-leaning and radio-friendly, and as a result, many critics and fans considered the album overproduced and too commercial. Despite the lukewarm reception, "In God We Trust" nevertheless achieved Gold record status, selling over half a million copies. Three singles were released including DIAL MTV favorites "Always There For You" and "I Believe in You" which both hit the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart peaking at No. 71 and No. 88 respectively. The third single "Keep The Fire Burning" did not chart. The album received two GMA Dove Awards for "Hard Music Album" and "Hard Rock Song" for the title track. Context_3 : Hillbilly Jedi is the fourth studio album by American country music duo Big & Rich, released on September 18, 2012. It is the duo's first new studio album since "Between Raising Hell and Amazing Grace" in 2007. The album's lead-off single, "That's Why I Pray," was released on May 21, 2012 and was followed by two more singles, "Party Like Cowboyz" and "Cheat On You." "Hillbilly Jedi" received mixed reviews from critics. Context_4 : "Pray for Villains" is a song by American melodic death metal band DevilDriver. The song is released as the first single and first track from DevilDriver's fourth studio album, "Pray for Villains". Context_5 : Pray IV Reign is the fourth studio album by American hip hop recording artist Jim Jones, released on March 24, 2009, under E1, Columbia and Sony Music Entertainment. The album, his first not to be released under Diplomat Records, also serves as his first under a major record label. The album includes production from Ron Browz, Chink Santana, No I.D., Ryan Leslie, Michael Crawford, Triple-A and Young Seph. Jones' fourth album also features guest appearances from Ron Browz, Juelz Santana, NOE, Mel Matrix, Rell, Ludacris, Ryan Leslie, Chink Santana, Bree-Beauty, Starr, Rowana, Oshy, Twista and Lil Wayne. Context_6 : Marilyn Martin (born May 4, 1954) is an American singer and songwriter. She is best known for her 1985 hit duet with Phil Collins, "Separate Lives." Context_7 : American singer and songwriter Jake Owen has released five studio albums, one extended play, and 17 singles. Signed to RCA Nashville in 2006, he made his chart debut that same year with "Yee Haw". Of Owen's 17 singles, six have reached number one on the country charts: "Barefoot Blue Jean Night", "Alone with You", "The One That Got Away", and "Anywhere with You"; all from his third studio album, "Barefoot Blue Jean Night"; "Beachin'" from his fourth studio album, "Days of Gold"; as well as "American Country Love Song" from his fifth studio album, "American Love". Context_8 : Joshua Ryan "Jake" Owen (born August 28, 1981) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Signed to RCA Nashville in 2006, he released his debut studio album "Startin' with Me" that year. This album produced three singles, all of which reached top 20 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart: his debut single "Yee Haw", "Startin' with Me", and "Something About a Woman". A second studio album, 2009's "Easy Does It", has accounted for three more singles: "Don't Think I Can't Love You", "Eight Second Ride", and "Tell Me". In September 2011, Owen achieved his first number one hit on the country charts with the title track to his third studio album "Barefoot Blue Jean Night", as did with "Alone with You", "The One That Got Away", and "Anywhere with You". His fourth studio album, "Days of Gold" produced two singles with its title track, which broke the top 20 in 2014, and the number one single "Beachin'". Context_9 : Trust, Love, Pray is the fourth studio album from American singer Marilyn Martin, released independently in 2012. The album is a collection of original songs of trials, temptations, love, and faith. For the album, Martin herself stated ""With all my heart I thank God for helping me find my voice and for the privilege of being His instrument!"" Context_10 : Pray for Villains is the fourth studio album by DevilDriver, released on July 14, 2009. On April 24 Roadrunner unveiled the cover artwork for both the regular and special editions of "Pray for Villains". It was also announced that the special edition would be a CD/DVD package with 4 bonus tracks, a behind-the-scenes DVD and expanded artwork. On May 21st Devildriver released the single "Pray for Villains" to the public. On June 17, the music video for "Pray for Villains" premiered on MetalSucks.net. fact_1 : Trust, Love, Pray is the fourth studio album from American singer Marilyn Martin, released independently in 2012. fact_2 : Marilyn Martin (born May 4, 1954) is an American singer and songwriter. Question: In what year was the singer whose fourth studio album was "Trust, Love, Pray" born?
[A]: 1954
[Q]: Context_1 : World Rock 'n' Roll Confederation (WRRC) was registered in 1984, although its history traces to 1974. It is an umbrella organization for national professional and amateur Rock and Roll dancesport federations. Its statute that it "aims at promoting the physical training of its members by means of sporting activities in the form of Rock 'n' Roll dance tournaments, including the acrobatic variations (acrobatic rock 'n' roll) as well as Rock 'n' Roll and Boogie Woogie, Lindy Hop, Formation and alternative styles in line with the rules and sporting presentations". The registered office is in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Context_2 : "Rock 'n' Roll Star" is a song by English rock band Oasis. It is the opening track from their record breaking debut album, "Definitely Maybe". Like the majority of the band's songs from this era, it was written by lead guitarist Noel Gallagher. Noel said that "Rock 'n' Roll Star" was one of only three songs in which he wanted to say something: "I've pretty much summed up everything I wanted to say in "Rock 'n' Roll Star", "Live Forever" and "Cigarettes & Alcohol", after that I'm repeating myself, but in a different way". It became a fan favourite and was often played to close the band's gigs. Context_3 : Rock 'n' Roll Million Sellers is a studio album recorded by American entertainer Connie Francis. It was issued on the Contour label (2870 383) as "Connie Francis Sings the Million Sellers". Context_4 : It's Only Rock 'n Roll is the 12th British and 14th American studio album by The Rolling Stones, released in 1974. It was the last Rolling Stones album for guitarist Mick Taylor and the songwriting and recording of the album's title track had a connection to Taylor's eventual replacement, Ronnie Wood. The album also marked the 10th anniversary since the release of the band's debut album, "The Rolling Stones". "It's Only Rock 'n Roll" has a firmer rock sound than the band's previous album, the more funk - and soul - inspired "Goats Head Soup". "It's Only Rock 'n Roll" reached #1 in the US and #2 in the UK. Context_5 : "I Hate Rock 'n' Roll" is a song by the Scottish alternative rock group The Jesus and Mary Chain. It was the first single from the band's compilation album, "Hate Rock 'n' Roll". It was released together with 3 other tracks by Blanco y Negro Records in June 1995 and reached #61 in the UK single charts. This release was the last release for the band on this label. The 10" format was numbered and limited to 5000 copies. The reworked version of the track, which was dubbed as "I Love Rock 'n' Roll" was also included on the group's last album "Munki", released in 1998. Context_6 : Rock 'n' Roll Singer is the debut solo EP from Mark Kozelek. The EP was released on June 13, 2000, and was released while Kozelek's final album with his previous band Red House Painters (the 1998 album "Old Ramon", which didn't get a release until 2001) was in limbo with record label mergers. "Rock 'n' Roll Singer" contains three original tracks and four covers: "Rock 'n' Roll Singer," "You Ain't Got a Hold on Me," and "Bad Boy Boogie" originally by AC/DC, and "Around and Around" originally by John Denver. Context_7 : Just... Fabulous Rock 'n' Roll is a studio album by Cliff Richard, released 11 November 2016. The album continues the rock 'n' roll theme of his previous studio album "The Fabulous Rock 'n' Roll Songbook". It comprises covers of 14 classic rock 'n' roll songs and one new song "It's Better to Dream". It features Elvis Presley in duet with Richard in "Blue Suede Shoes" and Peter Frampton on guitar in "Dimples". The album reached number 4 on the UK Albums Chart and has been certified Gold for sales over 100,000 in the UK. Context_8 : Rock 'n' Roll Circus is the eleventh studio album by Japanese recording artist Ayumi Hamasaki. It was released on April 14, 2010, by Avex Trax. It was also released just a little over a year after her 2009 album, "Next Level". "Rock 'n' Roll Circus" marks Hamasaki's eleventh consecutive album to be fully produced by Japanese producer and manager Max Matsuura, while she contributes to the album as the lead vocalist, background vocalist, and songwriter to all songs. Recorded in Japanese with minor phrases in English, "Rock 'n' Roll Circus" is a rock album with numerous musical elements such as electropop, J-pop, rock, pop ballad, and dance music. Context_9 : Connie Francis (born Concetta Rosa Maria Franconero, December 12, 1938) is an American pop singer and top-charting female vocalist of the late 1950s and early 1960s. Although her chart success waned in the second half of the 1960s, Francis remained a top concert draw. Despite several severe interruptions in her career, she is still active as a recording and performing artist. Context_10 : "Feelin' Satisfied" is a 1978 song written by Tom Scholz for the Boston band album "Don't Look Back". Paul Grein of "Billboard" described the song as "an affectionate tribute to the power of music." The same magazine later described the song as an "upbeat track which is totally rock 'n' roll," praising the "clear singing" and "fresh sounds." Terry Hazlett of The "Observer-Reporter" described the song as an "innocent little [ditty]" which comes across like a "rock 'n' roll anthem.". AXS contributor Bill Craig describes the lyrics as being about "the wonders of rock music." Pete Bishop of "The Pittsburgh Press" claimed that it has "an infectious happy feel." "Ultimate Classic Rock" critic Michael Gallucci described it as a "simple" song that, in common with many Boston songs, "celebrates rock 'n' roll." Gallucci rated it Boston's 8th greatest song, particularly praising the effect from the hand claps during the refrain. Paul Elliott rated it their 7th greatest song, commenting on its "sense of fun" as Scholz lets go of some of his usual control. fact_1 : Rock 'n' Roll Million Sellers is a studio album recorded by American entertainer Connie Francis. fact_2 : Although her chart success waned in the second half of the 1960s, Francis remained a top concert draw. Question: When did the artist of "Rock 'n' Roll Million Sellers" success begin to wane?
[A]: the second half of the 1960s
[Q]: Context_1 : Raised on Rock / For Ol' Times Sake is a studio album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley released in 1973. Along with the album "Elvis", it was released after the massive success of "Aloha From Hawaii" (although the entire "Elvis" album contained material recorded "before" the "Aloha" show). The album, which sold over one million copies worldwide, was recorded at Stax Studios in Memphis, Tennessee in July 1973 and at Presley's home in Palm Springs, California in September 1973. Two songs from these sessions would be retained for release on the "Good Times" album the following spring. The initial vocal tracks were recorded in July 1973. "Raised on Rock" backed by "For Ol' Times Sake" was the only single released from the album, reaching #41 on the Billboard chart and #42 on the Country chart in September 1973. Context_2 : Garga Horā is a very ancient treatise on the predictive part of Hindu astrology. Its author, Ṛṣi Garga, is one of the sages of the Purāṇika times. He was the son of Ṛṣi Bharadvāja. There are 8 Siddhāntas of Hindu astrology, they are – Brahmā, Sūrya, Soma, Vasiṣṭhta, Pulastya, Romaka, Arya, and Garga Siddhāntas – the last named is named after the author of Garga Horā, and Garga Saṁhitā, and with whom Jyotiṣa is associated. Garga Horā is written in the Sanskrit Sutra – format and from this work Varāhamihira has drawn profusely. Incidentally, both, Garga and Varāhamihira, have in their respective works referred to the proficiencies of the Greeks in the field of Astronomy. Context_3 : "It Is 'He' (Jai Sri Krishna)" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released as the final track of his 1974 album "Dark Horse". Harrison was inspired to write the song while in the Hindu holy city of Vrindavan, in northern India, with his friend Ravi Shankar. The composition originated on a day that Harrison describes in his autobiography as "my most fantastic experience", during which his party and their ascetic guide toured the city's temples. The song's choruses were adapted from the Sanskrit chant they sang before visiting Seva Kunj, a park dedicated to Krishna's childhood. The same pilgrimage to India led to Harrison staging Shankar's Music Festival from India in September 1974 and undertaking a joint North American tour with Shankar at the end of that year. Context_4 : al-Barāhīn al-Ahmadīyyah 'alā Haqīqatu KitābAllāh al-Qur'ān wa'n-Nabūwwatu al-Muhammadīyyah (Arguments in Support of the Book of Allah - the Qur'an, and the Prophethood of Muhammad) is a five-part book written by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Islamic Movement. The first two parts were published in 1880 CE, the third volume was published in 1882, the fourth volume in 1884 and the fifth volume in 1905. In writing the book, Ghulam Ahmad sought to rejuvenate Islam by arguing for the validity of its principles and vindicating its teachings in response to Christian and Hindu polemics against Islam as well as atheistic philosophies. In this context, a significant portion of the subject matter of the book is dedicated to the defence of Islam as a whole against the criticism of Muhammad, the Qur'an and Islam that was raised in the 18th and 19th centuries predominantly by Christian missionaries. Context_5 : Noel Thomas David Gallagher (born 29 May 1967) is an English musician, singer, songwriter and guitarist. He served as the lead guitarist, co-lead vocalist and principal songwriter of the English rock band Oasis. Raised in Burnage, Manchester, Gallagher began learning guitar at the age of thirteen. After a series of odd jobs in construction, he worked for local Manchester band Inspiral Carpets as a roadie and technician in 1988. Whilst touring with them, he learned that his brother Liam Gallagher had formed a band of his own, known as The Rain, which eventually took on the name Oasis. After Gallagher returned to England, he was invited by his brother to join Oasis as songwriter and guitarist. Context_6 : "Living in the Material World" is a song by English musician George Harrison, released as the title track to his 1973 solo album. In the song's lyrics, Harrison presents a contrast between the world of material things and his spiritual goals, and the conflicting themes are represented in the musical arrangement, via juxtaposing sections in the rock genre and an Indian music setting. Inspired by Gaudiya Vaishnava teacher A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, the song promotes the need to recognise the illusory nature of human existence and escape the constant cycle of reincarnation, and thereby attain moksha in the Hindu faith. The contrasts presented in "Living in the Material World" inspired both a photograph by Ken Marcus that appeared inside the album's gatefold cover, and designer Tom Wilkes's incorporation of Krishna-related symbolism elsewhere in the packaging. Context_7 : "The Hindu Times" is a song by English rock band Oasis. Written by lead guitarist Noel Gallagher, it was released as the first single from their fifth album, "Heathen Chemistry" (2002) on 15 April 2002. Noel got the name "The Hindu Times" from a T-shirt he saw in a charity shop. The song was the band's sixth number one single on the UK Singles Chart, staying on top for one week before being dislodged by the Sugababes' "Freak Like Me". The single also topped the charts in Canada and Italy, and peaked at number two in the Republic of Ireland and Spain. Context_8 : The Fiji Sanatan Society of Alberta, also known as Vishnu Mandir (Devanagri: विष्णु मन्दिर) in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada is a modern-style Hindu temple that was built by some of the very first Fijian Hindu immigrants in Edmonton in 1984. Hindus have been living in Canada for over a century, especially in Edmonton. Fijian Hindus began to settle in Edmonton in larger proportions starting in the 1960s and 1970s. They conducted prayers and meditated in individual households via groups they formed in the community. Talks of the need of a temple started in 1983 by four major Hindu Bhakti groups in Edmonton at the time, Shree Sanatan Dharam Ramayan Society, Edmonton Geeta Ramayan Congregation, Edmonton Vedic Congregation and later joined by Edmonton Prem Society, the group founded the Sanatan Board and raised funds to buy a property for the temple. It became the first Fijian Hindu cultural society in all of Canada, and till date is the largest. It started as a small place of worship in the Balwin residential area, constructed out of an old Church building. Since then it has been renovated 2 times, first adding a basement, then in 2006 expanded further making it the second largest Hindu temple in Edmonton. Context_9 : "I Am Missing You" is a song by Indian musician Ravi Shankar, sung by his sister-in-law Lakshmi Shankar and released as the lead single from his 1974 album "Shankar Family & Friends". The song is a rare Shankar composition in the Western pop genre, with English lyrics, and was written as a love song to the Hindu god Krishna. The recording was produced and arranged by George Harrison, in a style similar to Phil Spector's signature sound, and it was the first single issued on Harrison's Dark Horse record label. Other contributing musicians include Tom Scott, Nicky Hopkins, Billy Preston, Ringo Starr and Jim Keltner. A second version appears on "Shankar Family & Friends", titled "I Am Missing You (Reprise)", featuring an arrangement closer to a folk ballad. Context_10 : "Battleship Chains" is a song written by Terry Anderson and recorded by his band The Woods. It was covered and made famous by the band The Georgia Satellites in 1986. Appearing on their debut album, It reached number 86 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. The song also appeared on the album "Hindu Love Gods" by the band Hindu Love Gods, a collaboration between members of R.E.M. and Warren Zevon. fact_1 : "The Hindu Times" is a song by English rock band Oasis. fact_2 : Written by lead guitarist Noel Gallagher, it was released as the first single from their fifth album, "Heathen Chemistry" (2002) on 15 April 2002. fact_3 : Noel Thomas David Gallagher (born 29 May 1967) is an English musician, singer, songwriter and guitarist. fact_4 : Raised in Burnage, Manchester, Gallagher began learning guitar at the age of thirteen. Question: "The Hindu Times" is a song that was written by musician who was raised where?
[A]: | Burnage, Manchester
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : "The Snowmen" is an episode of the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who", first broadcast on Christmas Day 2012 on BBC One. It is the eighth "Doctor Who" Christmas special since the show's 2005 revival and the first to be within a series. It was written by head writer and executive producer Steven Moffat and directed by Saul Metzstein. Context_2 : Aleksei Vasilyevich Petrenko (Russian: Алексей Васильевич Петренко ; 26 March 1938 – 22 February 2017) was a Soviet and Russian film and stage actor. He played Grigori Rasputin in the Elem Klimov's historical drama Context_3 : Saul Metzstein (born 30 December 1970) is a Scottish film director. He is the son of renowned modernist architect Isi Metzstein, and Danielle Kahn. Metzstein was raised in Glasgow. He came to prominence with the 2001 feature "Late Night Shopping" (2001). Context_4 : Come and See (Russian: Иди и смотри , "Idi i smotri"; Belarusian: Ідзі і глядзі , "Idzi i hlyadzi") is a 1985 Soviet war drama film directed by Elem Klimov, with a screenplay by Klimov and Ales Adamovich, starring Aleksei Kravchenko and Olga Mironova. Set during the Nazi German occupation of the Byelorussian SSR, the film follows a young boy as he witnesses the atrocities committed on the populace. Context_5 : Adventures of a Dentist (Russian: Пoхoждения зубногo врача , "Pokhozhdyeniya zubnovo vracha " ) is a 1965 Soviet dark comedy/drama feature film directed by Elem Klimov on Mosfilm. It is currently unavailable on video or DVD for any audience, but is occasionally screened at film festivals. Context_6 : Agony (Russian: Агония , "Agoniya " ; U.S. theatrical/DVD title "Rasputin") is a film by Elem Klimov, made c.1973-75 and released in Western and Central Europe in 1982 (USA and Soviet Union 1985), after protracted resistance from Soviet authorities. The film is notable for its rich, sometimes baroque style, its sumptuous recreation of episodes from the final year of Imperial Russia and the psychological portraits of Grigori Rasputin and the Imperial family. Context_7 : Farewell (Russian: Прощание ) is a 1983 Soviet drama film based on Valentin Rasputin's novel "Farewell to Matyora" and directed by Elem Klimov. Context_8 : The 14th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 28 June to 12 July 1985. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Soviet film "Come and See" directed by Elem Klimov, the American film "A Soldier's Story" directed by Norman Jewison and the Greek film "The Descent of the Nine" directed by Christos Siopahas. Context_9 : Welcome, or No Trespassing (Russian: Добро пожаловать, или Посторонним вход воспрещён , "Dobro pozhalovat, ili Postoronnim vkhod vospreshchyon " ) is a Soviet movie by Elem Klimov made in 1964. It is a satirical comedy about the excessive restrictions that children face during their vacation in a Young Pioneer camp, imposed by their masters. Most of the actors are children, while the protagonist is the director Dynin, played by Yevgeniy Yevstigneyev. The film was selected to be screened in the Cannes Classics section of the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. Context_10 : Elem Germanovich Klimov (Russian: Эле́м Ге́рманович Кли́мов ; 9 July 1933 – 26 October 2003) was a Soviet Russian film director. He studied at VGIK, and was married to film director Larisa Shepitko. Klimov is best known in the West for his final film, 1985's "Come and See" ("Иди и смотри"), which follows a teenage boy in German-occupied Belarus during the German-Soviet War and is often considered one of the greatest war films ever made. He also directed dark comedies, children's movies, and historical pictures. fact_1 : He came to prominence with the 2001 feature "Late Night Shopping" (2001). fact_2 : Klimov is best known in the West for his final film, 1985's "Come and See" ("Иди и смотри"), which follows a teenage boy in German-occupied Belarus during the German-Soviet War and is often considered one of the greatest war films ever made. Question: Who came to prominence first, Saul Metzstein or Elem Klimov?
Student: | Klimov | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
See one example below:
Problem: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The River Irk is a river in North West England that flows through the northern suburbs of Manchester before merging with the River Irwell in the city centre. Context_2 : Freehold is a tram stop on the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL) of Greater Manchester's light-rail Metrolink system. It opened to passengers on 13 June 2012 as part of Phase 3a of the system's expansion, and is located on Block Lane in Chadderton at its boundary with Oldham in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, England. Context_3 : Block Lane is a locality in the town of Chadderton in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester. It is located on Chadderton's eastern border with Oldham, contiguous with the Freehold area of that town, and with Cowhill and Butler Green. Context_4 : Busk is a locality and former hamlet in the town of Chadderton in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. It is located to the east of Chadderton town centre, on the town's eastern border with Oldham, contiguous with the Westwood area of that town. Context_5 : Chadderton (pop. 34,818) is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England. It lies along the course of the River Irk and the Rochdale Canal, on undulating land in the foothills of the Pennines, 1 mi west of Oldham, 4.5 mi south of Rochdale and 6 mi northeast of the city of Manchester. Context_6 : South Chadderton is a tram stop on the Oldham and Rochdale Line (ORL) of Greater Manchester's light-rail Metrolink system. It opened to passengers on 13 June 2012 and is located between Drury Lane and Stanley Road in the Coalshaw Green area of southern Chadderton, a part of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, England. It was purpose-built for Metrolink as part of Phase 3a of the system's expansion, on the route of the former Oldham Loop Line. Context_7 : North Chadderton School is a mixed gender secondary school and sixth form, located in Chadderton, in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. Context_8 : The Radclyffe School is a mixed comprehensive school for 11- to 16-year-olds, located in Chadderton, Greater Manchester, England. Context_9 : Blessed John Henry Newman RC College is a coeducational Roman Catholic secondary school and sixth form located in Chadderton in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England under the Roman Catholic Diocese of Salford. Context_10 : Middleton Junction Railway Station was on the Caldervale Line, from 1842 until closure on 3 January 1966. It was located at Lane End in Chadderton, a former hamlet which later adopted the place-name Middleton Junction after the area expanded after the opening of the railway. It was opened on 31 March 1842 by the Manchester and Leeds Railway, whose chief engineer was George Stephenson, as part of the branch to . The station was originally called Oldham Junction but by August 1842 it was known as Middleton Station, changing its name to Middleton Junction some ten years later. fact_1 : It lies along the course of the River Irk and the Rochdale Canal, on undulating land in the foothills of the Pennines, 1 mi west of Oldham, 4.5 mi south of Rochdale and 6 mi northeast of the city of Manchester. fact_2 : The River Irk is a river in North West England that flows through the northern suburbs of Manchester before merging with the River Irwell in the city centre. Question: Where is Chadderton located?
Solution: | North West England | 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Roshan Kumari Fakir Mohammad is an Indian classical dancer, actor and choreographer, considered by many as one of the foremost exponents of the Indian classical dance form of Kathak. She follows the Jaipur Gharana and is the founder of "Nritya Kala Kendra", Mumbai, an academy promoting Kathak. A recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1975, she received the fourth highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Shri from the Government of India in 1984. Context_2 : Rukmini Devi Arundale (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. Context_3 : Kanaka Srinivasan is an Indian classical dancer and one of the leading exponents of the classical dance form of Bharat Natyam. She is a disciple of Vazhuvoor B. Ramaiyah Pillai and is aligned with Vazhuvur tradition of the dance form. She is a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award of 1998. The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2006, for her contributions to Indian classical dance. Context_4 : K. Natesa Dandayudhapani Pillai was an Indian classical dancer and choreographer, considered by many as one of the leading exponents of the classical dance form of Bharatanatyam. Born on 14 July 1921 in Karaikal, in the Indian union territory of Puducherry to A. K. Natesa Pillai, a known musician, he started training initially in music under his father, but later turned to Bharatanatyam and learned under his grand father, who was a teacher of the dance form. Subsequently, he joined Kalakshetra of Rukmini Devi Arundale as a teacher where he taught for a number of years. He was known to have authored several compositions for Bharatanatyam and trained many students; Sri Vidya, J. Jayalalithaa, Hema Rajagopalan, Suganthi Sadayane, Nayana Shenoy, Adyar K. Lakshman, Uma Muralikrishna, Vijayalakshmi Shetty-Ahuja, Jayalakshmi Alva and Geeta Chandran are some of the notable ones among them. He was the dance choreographer of a number of films in Telugu, Tamil and Hindi such as "Raja Guruvu", Man-Mauji, Chhaya, Hum Panchhi Ek Daal Ke, Sri Kalahastiswara Mahatyam and Bhai-Bhai. He also founded Sri Rama Nataka Niketan, a dance academy in Chennai in 1967. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 1971, for his contributions to Dance. His wife, Chandra Dandayudhapani Pillai, is a known Bharatanatyam exponent and teacher and his younger brother, Dakshinamoorthy Pillai who died in 2005, was also a noted Bharatanatyam teacher. Context_5 : Vyjayanthi Kashi is an Indian Classical Dancer, a kuchipudi Exponent. Kuchipudi is one of the Indian classical dance forms from Andhra Pradesh, India. She is from the family of Dr Gubbi Veeranna who was an Indian theatre director, one of the pioneers and most prolific contributors to Kannada theatre. He established the drama company, Gubbi Veeranna Nataka Company that played a crucial role in promoting the Kannada theatre. Smt.Vyjayanthi Kashi is a reputed kuchipudi dancer,a celebrated performer and choreographer and artistic director of a dance school Shambhavi School of Dance where they teaches this traditional dance form kuchipudi. She was also the chairperson of Karnataka Sangeetha Nritya Academy Context_6 : Thingbaijam Babu Singh was an Indian classical dancer, academic and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Manipuri. He was the "Pradhan Guru" (chief instructor) of "Pung" and "Raas" traditions of Manipuri dance at the "Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy" of the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Born on 8 February 1936 at Lairensajik, a small village in the state of Manipur, he was known to have been one of the notable choreographers and teachers of Manipuri dance and had a long line of renowned performers such as Elam Endira Devi, Ibemubi Devi, and Priti Patel, as his students. Singh was the author of a book, "Meitei Punglon Raga Ahouba", and was a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for the year 1990. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2007, for his contributions to Manipuri dance. Context_7 : Meenakshi Chitharanjan, an Indian classical dancer, teacher and choreographer, is known as an exponent of the Pandanallur style of the classical dance form of Bharatanatyam. She is the founder of "Kaladiksha", an institution promoting Bharatanatyam and striving to preserve the Pandanallur tradition. A disciple of the father-son duo of Chokkalingam Pillai and Subbaraya Pillai, she is a recipient of several honours including Kalaimamani Award of the Government of Tamil Nadu and the "Natya Kala Sarathi" of "Sri Parthasarathy Swami Sabha". The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2008, for her contributions to classical dance. Context_8 : Jayadeva was a well-known Sanskrit poet and lyricist who was born in Kenduli, Odisha in the 11th century AD. The works of Jayadeva have had a profound influence on Indian culture. They form the basis of the east Indian classical dance form, Odissi, along with its musical counterpart Odissi music and have strongly influenced the Bharatanatyam classical dance as well as Carnatic music. Jayadeva's composition has also been incorporated in the Guru Granth Sahib. Context_9 : Neila Sathyalingam (1938 – 9 March 2017) was a Singaporean classical Indian dancer, choreographer and instructor of Sri Lankan Tamil origin. An alumna of Kalakshetra in Madras (now Chennai) under the tutelage of Srimathi Rukmini Devi Arundale, she emigrated with her family to Singapore in 1974. In 1977 she and her husband founded the performance arts company Apsaras Arts, which has staged performances throughout the world. She was the company's artistic director and continued to teach dance. Context_10 : Geeta Mahalik(born 1948) is an Indian classical dancer, regarded by many, as one of the finest exponents of the Indian classical dance form of Odissi, the oldest among the eight Indian classical dance forms. The Government of India honored her, in 2014, with the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for her services to the field of art and culture. fact_1 : Neila Sathyalingam (1938 – 9 March 2017) was a Singaporean classical Indian dancer, choreographer and instructor of Sri Lankan Tamil origin. fact_2 : An alumna of Kalakshetra in Madras (now Chennai) under the tutelage of Srimathi Rukmini Devi Arundale, she emigrated with her family to Singapore in 1974. fact_3 : Rukmini Devi Arundale (29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal rights and welfare. Question: Neila Sathyalingam was an alumna of Kalakshetra in Madras under the tutelage of Srimathi an Indian theosophist and choreographer of what Indian classical dance form?
[EX A]: Bharatanatyam
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Cherry, Harry & Raquel! is a 1970 softcore exploitation film produced and directed by American film director Russ Meyer. Following the success of "Vixen!" (1968), the film is notable for the first appearance of actor (and Meyer regular) Charles Napier playing Harry Thompson, a California border sheriff and marijuana smuggler who makes a reappearance in 1975's "Supervixens". Context_2 : Common Law Cabin (original title "How Much Lovin' Does a Normal Couple Need?") is a 1967 exploitation film directed by Russ Meyer. The movie features Alaina Capri and Meyer regulars Babette Bardot and Jack Moran. It was co-written by Russ Meyer and Jack Moran, and filmed on location on the Colorado River in Arizona. Other portions of the film were shot in the Coachella Valley, California. Context_3 : RM Films International is a film distribution company based in Hollywood, California. It was started by filmmaker Russ Meyer to distribute his movies. Since Meyer’s death in 2004, RM Films International has been owned and operated by the Russ Meyer Charitable Trust and is a recognized 501(c) private foundation. Context_4 : Russell Albion "Russ" Meyer (March 21, 1922 – September 18, 2004) was an American film director, producer, screenwriter, cinematographer, film editor, actor, and photographer. Meyer is known primarily for writing and directing a series of successful sexploitation films that featured campy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, such as "Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill!" Context_5 : Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill! is a 1965 American exploitation film directed by Russ Meyer and co-written by Meyer and Jack Moran. It follows three go-go dancers who embark on a spree of kidnapping and murder in the California desert. Context_6 : Sinclair Hill (1894–1945) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter. He directed nearly fifty films between 1920 and 1939. He was born as George Sinclair-Hill in London in 1894. He was awarded an O.B.E for his services to film. Context_7 : Vixen! is a 1968 satiric softcore sexploitation film directed by American motion picture director Russ Meyer. It was the first film to be given an X rating for its sex scenes, and was a breakthrough success for Meyer. The film was developed from a script by Meyer and Anthony James Ryan, and starred Erica Gavin. Context_8 : Good Morning and... Goodbye! is a 1967 American exploitation film directed by Russ Meyer. It features Alaina Capri, Karen Ciral, as well as Meyer regular Jack Moran, who co-wrote the script. Context_9 : Mondo Topless is a 1966 pseudo documentary directed by Russ Meyer, featuring Babette Bardot and Lorna Maitland among others. It was Meyer's first color film following a string of black and white "roughie nudies", including "Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill!" While a straightforward sexploitation film, the film owes some debt to the French New Wave and cinéma vérité traditions, and is known to some under the titles Mondo Girls and Mondo Top. Context_10 : Black Snake is a 1973 American film directed by Russ Meyer. It was Meyer's return to self-financed projects, following the end of his brief deal at 20th Century Fox. Meyer's only attempt at the Blaxploitation genre, it was filmed in Panavision and was shot on location in Barbados. fact_1 : Meyer is known primarily for writing and directing a series of successful sexploitation films that featured campy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, such as "Faster, Pussycat! fact_2 : Sinclair Hill (1894–1945) was a British film director, producer and screenwriter. fact_3 : He directed nearly fifty films between 1920 and 1939. Question: Who has directed more films, Russ Meyer or Sinclair Hill?
[EX A]: Sinclair Hill
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Assault on Precinct 13 is a 1976 American independent action thriller film written, directed, scored and edited by John Carpenter. It stars Austin Stoker as a police officer who defends a defunct precinct against an attack by a relentless criminal gang, along with Darwin Joston as a convicted murderer who helps him. Laurie Zimmer and Tony Burton co-star as other defenders of the precinct. Context_2 : The Nest (2002), also known as Nid de guêpes, is a French action/thriller movie, co-written and directed by Florent Emilio Siri. The literal translation of the French title is "Wasp's Nest." The film is quasi-remake of the 1976 film, "Assault on Precinct 13," which in turn was inspired by 1959's "Rio Bravo." Context_3 : Assault on Precinct 13 is a 2005 French-American action thriller film directed by Jean-François Richet, starring Ethan Hawke and Laurence Fishburne. The cast also includes John Leguizamo, Maria Bello, Ja Rule and Drea de Matteo. It is a loose remake of John Carpenter's 1976 film of the same name, with an updated plot. Context_4 : Francis Darwin Solomon (December 9, 1937 – June 1, 1998) was an American actor known professionally as Darwin Joston (sometimes credited as Darwin Jostin during the early years of his career). Joston began his career as a New York stage actor, and he appeared in many popular television shows during the 1960s, early 1970s, and mid-1980s, but he is best known for his performances in independent films that later achieved cult status, particularly "Assault on Precinct 13". Context_5 : Laurie Zimmer (also credited as Laura Fanning) is an American former actress best known for her role as Leigh, the courageous secretary of the besieged police station, Precinct 9, Division 13, in John Carpenter's 1976, Howard Hawks-inspired action film, "Assault on Precinct 13". Context_6 : Martin West (born Martin Weixelbaum, August 28, 1937 in Southampton, New York, USA) is an American actor of film and television best known for playing the grieving father Lawson in "John Carpenter's Assault on Precinct 13" as well as the lead role in "Freckles". He is also known for playing roles in the soap opera's "General Hospital" as Dr Phil Brewer and "As the World Turns" as Donald "Don" Hughes (he was the fifth actor to play both of these roles). His work also includes appearances in films such as "Soldier Blue" and "Mac and Me" and as guest star in television programs such as "The Invaders" and "Matlock". West's final acting appearance to date was in an episode of "The New Adam-12" in 1990. Context_7 : Anthony "Tony" Burton (March 23, 1937 – February 25, 2016) was an American actor, boxer, and football player. He was known for his role as Tony "Duke" Evers in the "Rocky" franchise. He, Sylvester Stallone and Burt Young are the only actors who have appeared in every Rocky installment (not counting "Creed"). Context_8 : Nancy Louise Kyes (born December 19, 1949) is an American film and television actress. In most of her film appearances, she is credited under her stage name Nancy Loomis. She is best known for her role as Annie Brackett in "Halloween" (1978) and the sequel "Halloween II" (1981), as well as roles in two of John Carpenter's films: Julie in "Assault on Precinct 13" (1976) and Sandy Fadel in "The Fog" (1980). Context_9 : Austin Stoker (born October 7, 1943) is a Trinidadian-American actor known for his role as Lt. Ethan Bishop, the police officer in charge of the besieged Precinct 9, Division 13, in John Carpenter's Howard Hawks-inspired, 1976 film, "Assault on Precinct 13". This was one of the few heroic starring roles for an African-American actor in an action film of the 1970s outside of the blaxploitation genre. Context_10 : Jasmin Geljo (born September 18, 1959) is a Bosnian-Canadian actor. He is best known for his roles on Cube Zero as Ryjkin and in the films "Land of the Dead", "Assault on Precinct 13" and "The Sentinel". fact_1 : It stars Austin Stoker as a police officer who defends a defunct precinct against an attack by a relentless criminal gang, along with Darwin Joston as a convicted murderer who helps him. fact_2 : Anthony "Tony" Burton (March 23, 1937 – February 25, 2016) was an American actor, boxer, and football player. fact_3 : He, Sylvester Stallone and Burt Young are the only actors who have appeared in every Rocky installment (not counting "Creed"). Question: In what year was the actor born who appeared in both Assault on Precinct 13 and every Rocky installment?
[EX A]: | 1937
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : Rome is a city in New York State. It is located in Oneida County, which is in north-central or Upstate New York. The population was 33,725 at the 2010 census. Rome is one of two principal cities in the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area, which lies in the "Leatherstocking Country" made famous by James Fenimore Cooper's "Leatherstocking Tales," set in frontier days before the American Revolutionary War. Rome is in New York's 22nd congressional district. Context_2 : Hawaii's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The district is located entirely on the island of Oahu, encompassing the urban areas of the City and County of Honolulu, a consolidated city-county that includes Oahu's central plains and southern shores, including the towns of Aiea, Mililani, Pearl City, Waipahu and Waimalu. The district is smaller and more densely populated than the 2nd Congressional District (which includes the rest of the state). It is the only majority-Asian district in the United States. Context_3 : Tacoma Narrows Airport (IATA: TIW, ICAO: KTIW, FAA LID: TIW) is a county owned, public use airport located 5 mi west of the central business district of Tacoma, a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States. It is situated south of Gig Harbor, Washington, one mile southwest of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge. The airport was owned by the city of Tacoma until 2008, when it was purchased by Pierce County. Context_4 : Blackdown is a small village in the West Dorset district of Dorset, England; situated 7 mi west of Beaminster. The local travel links are located 5 mi from the village to Crewkerne railway station and 25 mi to Exeter International Airport. The main road through the village is the B3165, connecting Blackdown and Lyme Regis. The village has a population of 128 according to the 2001 Census. The village is a ward of the Broadwindsor Parish which besides the few houses in Blackdown includes Kittwhistle, Templeman's Ash (part), Laymore (part), Coles Cross, Causeway Lane, Venn, Southcoombe,Stoney Knapp, Schoolhouse Lane, Speckets Lane, Racedown, Cockpit, Horn Ash, Berechapel, Childhay, two houses in Synderford, two houses in Birdsmoregate including the old Rose & Crown Public House now a private residence it is split between many postcodes partly due to the County boundary being realigned in the 1960s. Residents have postcodes with the main town as either Beaminster, Bridport, Crewkerne or Chard. Divisions also arise within telephone exchange areas (01308,01460 or 01297), the BT phone box was removed from the centre of Blackdown in March 2017. Context_5 : Emmaus ( ) is a borough in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is located 5 mi southwest of Allentown, Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of the state. It also lies 50 mi north of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania's largest city, and 20 mi west of the Delaware River. Emmaus is located in the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the New York City-Newark, New Jersey, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. Context_6 : Libertyville is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States and an affluent suburb of Chicago. It is located 5 mi west of Lake Michigan on the Des Plaines River. The 2014 census population was 20,512. (There is also a township of the same name, which includes the village and some surrounding areas.) Located in northeastern Illinois, southwest of Waukegan and west of Lake Forest, its immediate neighbors are Mundelein to the west, Green Oaks, Mettawa, and Rondout to the east, Gurnee to the north, Grayslake to the northwest, and Vernon Hills to the south. Context_7 : New York State Route 531 (NY 531) is a limited-access, east–west state highway located in Monroe County, New York, in the United States. The route extends for 8.02 mi from the far northwestern suburbs of Rochester to the town of Gates located just west of the city. The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 31 and NY 36 west of the village of Spencerport in the town of Ogden, while the eastern terminus of NY 531 is at Interstate 490 (I-490) exit 8 2 mi west of the Rochester city limits. NY 531 is the primary route between Rochester and the village of Brockport, located 5 mi northwest of NY 531's west end. Context_8 : Crockett (formerly, Crockettville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The population was 3,094 at the 2010 census. It is located 5 mi west of Martinez and 5 mi north of Richmond. It is best known for its close association with the California and Hawaiian Sugar Company (C & H). Context_9 : Rome Sand Plains is a 15000 acre pine barrens about 5 mi west of the city center of Rome in Oneida County in central New York. It consists of a mosaic of sand dunes rising about 50 ft above low peat bogs that lie between the dunes. The barrens are covered with mixed northern hardwood forests, meadows, and wetlands. About 4000 acre are protected in conservation preserves. Pine barrens are typical of seacoasts; the Rome Sand Plains is one of only a handful of inland pine barrens remaining in the United States. A second inland pine barrens, the Albany Pine Bush, is also found in New York, located north and west of state's capital Albany. Context_10 : Westover Church is a historic church located 5 mi west of Charles City off Virginia State Route 5 in Charles City, Virginia, United States. It was built in 1731 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. fact_1 : Rome Sand Plains is a 15000 acre pine barrens about 5 mi west of the city center of Rome in Oneida County in central New York. fact_2 : Rome is in New York's 22nd congressional district. Question: The Rome Sand Plains are located 5 mi west of the center of a city located in what congressional district?
Answer: | New Yorks 22nd congressional district | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Why? From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input: Context_1 : A Complicated Kindness is the third novel by Canadian author Miriam Toews. The novel won a number of awards including the Governor General's Award for English Fiction, the CBA Libris Fiction Award, and CBC's Canada Reads. Context_2 : Miriam Toews ( ; born 1964 in Steinbach, Manitoba) is a Canadian writer, best known for her novels "A Complicated Kindness" and "All My Puny Sorrows". She has won a number of literary prizes including the Governor General's Award for Fiction and the Writers' Trust Engel/Findley Award for body of work. She is also a two-time finalist for the Scotiabank Giller Prize and a two-time winner of the Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize. Context_3 : Irma Voth is the fifth novel by Canadian author Miriam Toews. The novel, about a Mennonite teenager whose life is transformed when a bohemian film crew comes to her settlement to make a film about Mennonites, was informed by Toews' experience as lead actress in "Silent Light", the award-winning film written and directed by Mexican filmmaker, Carlos Reygadas. Context_4 : Dimiter Gotscheff (Bulgarian: Димитър Гочев ; born 26 April 1943 in Parvomai, Bulgaria; died 20 October 2013 in Berlin) was a Bulgarian-born German theater director. His work is often associated with dramatist and director Heiner Müller. Context_5 : The Mission: Memory of a Revolution (Der Auftrag: Erinnerungen an eine Revolution), also known as "The Task", is a postmodern drama by the (formerly East) German playwright Heiner Müller. The play was written and first published in 1979. Müller and his wife Ginka Cholakova co-directed its first theatrical production in 1980, at the intimate 'Theatre im 3.Stock' studio space of the Volksbühne in Berlin (opening on 16 November). Müller also directed a full-house production in 1982 at the Bochum Theatre in West Germany. Context_6 : Robert Wilson (born October 4, 1941) is an American experimental theater stage director and playwright who has been described by the media as "[America]'s – or even the world's – foremost avant-garde 'theater artist. Over the course of his wide-ranging career, he has also worked as a choreographer, performer, painter, sculptor, video artist, and sound and lighting designer. He is best known for his collaborations with Philip Glass on "Einstein on the Beach", and with numerous other artists, including Heiner Müller, William S. Burroughs, Allen Ginsberg, Lou Reed, Tom Waits, David Byrne, Laurie Anderson, Gavin Bryars, Rufus Wainwright, Marina Abramović, Willem Dafoe, Mikhail Baryshnikov, Darryl Pinckney and Lady Gaga. Context_7 : Heiner Müller (] ; January 9, 1929 – December 30, 1995) was a German (formerly East German) dramatist, poet, writer, essayist and theatre director. Described as "the theatre's greatest living poet" since Samuel Beckett, Müller is arguably the most important German dramatist of the 20th century after Bertolt Brecht. His "enigmatic, fragmentary pieces" are a significant contribution to postmodern drama and postdramatic theatre. Context_8 : Inge Müller (born Inge Meyer) (March 13, 1925 – June 1, 1966) was an East German author and second wife of East German playwright Heiner Müller. Context_9 : Hamletmachine (in German, Die Hamletmaschine) is a postmodernist drama by German playwright and theatre director Heiner Müller. Written in 1977, the play is loosely based on "Hamlet" by William Shakespeare. The play originated in relation to a translation of Shakespeare's "Hamlet" that Müller undertook. Some critics claim the play problematizes the role of intellectuals during the East German Communism area; others argue that the play should be understood in relation to wider post-modern concepts. Characteristic of the play is that it is not centred on a conventional plot, but partially connects through sequences of monologues, where the protagonist leaves his role and reflects on being an actor. Context_10 : All My Puny Sorrows is the sixth novel by Canadian writer Miriam Toews. The novel won the 2014 Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize, and was shortlisted for the 2014 Scotiabank Giller Prize, the 2015 Folio Prize for Literature, and the 2015 Wellcome Book Prize. Toews has said that the novel draws heavily on the events leading up to the 2010 suicide of her sister, Marjorie. fact_1 : Miriam Toews ( ; born 1964 in Steinbach, Manitoba) is a Canadian writer, best known for her novels "A Complicated Kindness" and "All My Puny Sorrows". fact_2 : Heiner Müller (] ; January 9, 1929 – December 30, 1995) was a German (formerly East German) dramatist, poet, writer, essayist and theatre director. fact_3 : Described as "the theatre's greatest living poet" since Samuel Beckett, Müller is arguably the most important German dramatist of the 20th century after Bertolt Brecht. Question: Among Miriam Toews and Heiner Müller who was dramatist?
Solution: | Heiner Müller | 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
--------
Question: Context_1 : The 2014–15 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 115th in existence and the club's 84th consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football. It was one of the most successful seasons in the club's history as they clinched the Treble by winning La Liga, Copa del Rey and the UEFA Champions League. By doing so, the Catalans became the first European team to twice win the domestic double as well as the highest continental tournament, after winning their first treble in the 2008–09 season. Barcelona's success was due to a large extent to their formidable forward trio composed of Lionel Messi, Neymar and summer signing Luis Suárez, who scored an unprecedented total of 122 goals in all competitions to become the trio with most goals in Spanish football history. Context_2 : The 2014–15 season is the Futbol Club Barcelona "B" 45th in existence and the club's 22nd season in Segunda División and 5th consecutive season in the second top flight of Spanish football. Context_3 : The 2005–06 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 107th season in existence and 77th consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football, La Liga. It was manager Frank Rijkaard's third season in charge of the club, a season in which he managed to successfully retain the La Liga title, as well as winning the UEFA Champions League and Spanish Super Cup. The squad was largely unchanged from the previous season, with only two players – Santiago Ezquerro and Mark van Bommel – joining the club. Gerard left on a free transfer during the summer. Context_4 : The 2012–13 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 113th in existence and the club's 82nd consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football. The season marked the managerial debut of Tito Vilanova, who served as Pep Guardiola's longtime assistant. Vilanova assumed management of the club after Guardiola, who had managed Barcelona for the prior four seasons, declined to renew his contract. Context_5 : The 2010–11 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 111th in existence and the club's 80th consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football. Barcelona will start the season with a new president after Joan Laporta reached his term limit on 30 June, leaving behind a very successful club tenure. Context_6 : The 2011–12 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 112th in existence and the club's 81st consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football. Barcelona debuted their new and first paid shirt sponsor Qatar Foundation after an agreement was reached in 2010 with the non-profit organization for a five-and-a-half-year, €170 million deal. The agreement with UNICEF continued and their name had been moved to the lower back portion of the shirt. Context_7 : The history of Futbol Club Barcelona goes from the football club's founding in 1899 and up to current time. FC Barcelona, also known simply as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça, is based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The team was founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss, English and Spanish footballers led by Joan Gamper. The club played amateur football until 1910 in various regional competitions. In 1910, the club participated in their first of many European competitions, and has since amassed fourteen UEFA trophies and a sextuple. In 1928, Barcelona co-founded La Liga, the top-tier in Spanish football, along with a string of other clubs. As of 2017, Barcelona has never been relegated from La Liga, a record they share with Athletic Bilbao and arch-rival Real Madrid. Context_8 : Mark Peter Gertruda Andreas van Bommel (] ; born 22 April 1977) is a Dutch former professional footballer. Context_9 : In 2008–09, Futbol Club Barcelona started a new era with a new manager, former player and Barcelona Atlètic coach Pep Guardiola, who led the team to the first treble in Spanish football history. After selling off high-profiled players such as Deco and Ronaldinho, Barcelona played scintillating football throughout the season, winning the Copa del Rey, La Liga and the UEFA Champions League. This Barcelona squad is considered as one of the best in history. Context_10 : Futbol Club Barcelona (] ), also known as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça, is a professional football club, based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss, English and Catalan footballers led by Joan Gamper, the club has become a symbol of Catalan culture and Catalanism, hence the motto ""Més que un club"" (More than a club). The official Barça anthem is the "Cant del Barça", written by Jaume Picas and Josep Maria Espinàs. Unlike many other football clubs, the supporters own and operate Barcelona. It is the world's second richest football club in terms of revenue, with an annual turnover of €495 million in 2011–12 season. fact_1 : The 2005–06 season was Futbol Club Barcelona's 107th season in existence and 77th consecutive season in the top flight of Spanish football, La Liga. fact_2 : The squad was largely unchanged from the previous season, with only two players – Santiago Ezquerro and Mark van Bommel – joining the club. fact_3 : Mark Peter Gertruda Andreas van Bommel (] ; born 22 April 1977) is a Dutch former professional footballer. Question: What was the nationality of the other player who joined Futbol Club Barcelona's 107th season in existence along with Santiago Ezquerro?
Answer: Dutch
Question: Context_1 : The 0110 concerts, held on October 1, 2006 in Antwerp, Brussels, Charleroi and Ghent, were organised by dEUS frontman Tom Barman, Arno Hintjens and Frederik Sioen to promote tolerance in Belgian society, and "against Vlaams Belang, extremism and gratuitous violence". Context_2 : "Zanna" is a song originally written and performed by Belgian musician Luc Van Acker and American singer Anna Domino in 1984. A successful cover was performed by Belgian musician and songwriter Selah Sue, Tom Barman and The Subs. This version was released on 25 November 2011 as a digital download in Belgium. It is the theme song for the charity event "Music for life 2011". In 2012 the song made a comeback due to the success it had with "Music for Life". Luc Van Acker performed at the Suicker Rock festival with a 14-year-old girl who was named after the song "Zanna". Luc Van Acker has previously met the family in 1998 after having made a remix using the sound of her heartbeat in vitro. However, in 2012, music brought the two back together after having found Zanna Ramaekers 's A cappella cover of "Zanna" on YouTube. They performed on the stage at SuickerRock and at a Belgian national TV show VillaVanthilt. Context_3 : Any Way the Wind Blows is a 2003 film by dEUS' singer-songwriter-director Tom Barman. Context_4 : Magnus is a Belgian joint dance project of Tom Barman (from the rock band dEUS) and CJ Bolland. Magnus' debut album, "The Body Gave You Everything", was released on March 29, 2004. Two of its tracks, "Summer's Here" and "Jumpneedle", were released as singles. Context_5 : Jacque Alexander Tardy (1767 – June 15, 1827) better known as "Tardy the Pirate", (a.k.a. John Tardy or John Late) was an unsuccessful and atypical pirate who usually poisoned his victims. Context_6 : Obituary is an American death metal band formed in October 1984 in Tampa, Florida. Initially called Executioner, the band changed their name to Xecutioner in 1986 to avoid confusion with the thrash metal band Executioner from Boston, and then changed their name once again to Obituary in 1988. The band's current lineup consists of vocalist John Tardy, lead guitarist Kenny Andrews, rhythm guitarist Trevor Peres, bassist Terry Butler, and drummer Donald Tardy. Obituary has gone through several lineup changes, with Peres and the Tardy brothers being the only constant members. The band was a fundamental act in the development of death metal music, and is one of the most successful death metal bands of all time. To date, Obituary has released ten studio albums, and with the exception of their 1997–2003 split, they continue to perform live around the world. Context_7 : Deus (styled as dEUS) is a rock band based in Antwerp, Belgium, whose only continuous members up to the present day are Tom Barman (vocals, guitars) and Klaas Janzoons (keyboards, violin). The rest of the band's line-up currently consists of drummer Stéphane Misseghers, bassist Alan Gevaert and guitarist/backing vocalist Mauro Pawlowski. Context_8 : Thomas Andrew Barman, normally known as Tom Barman (born 1 January 1972), is a Belgian musician and film director. Context_9 : John Tardy (born March 15, 1968) is an American vocalist best known for his work with the death metal band Obituary and Tardy Brothers. He is the brother of Donald Tardy who is the drummer of Obituary. Context_10 : Donald 'DT' Tardy (born January 28, 1970) is the drummer of death metal band Obituary and the brother of John Tardy, who is the lead singer of the band. Besides Obituary, they have a band called Tardy Brothers, where, as primary songwriter and engineer, Donald also plays guitar and bass, as well as drums. Donald also played drums for Andrew W.K on the album I Get Wet and was Andrew W.K.'s first touring drummer who also assisted with assembling the original Andrew W.K. lineup. fact_1 : John Tardy (born March 15, 1968) is an American vocalist best known for his work with the death metal band Obituary and Tardy Brothers. fact_2 : Thomas Andrew Barman, normally known as Tom Barman (born 1 January 1972), is a Belgian musician and film director. Question: Which musician was born first, John Tardy or Tom Barman?
Answer: John Tardy
Question: Context_1 : Uroš Petrović (Serbian cirilic Урош Петровић) is a Serbian writer (born April 8, 1967, in Gornji Milanovac, Socialist Republic of Serbia within Yugoslavia, now Serbia), best known for his unusual novels, "Riddle Tales I - V" (Original title – "Zagonetne priče") serial, "Mysteries of Ginkgo Street" (Original title – "Misterije Ginkove ulice") and the first Serbian horror for children " The Fifth Butterfly" (Original title – "Peti leptir"). "Dark Secrets of Ginkgo Street" and "Marta's Great Mysterious Adventure" are also an innovative form - "a novels made of riddles". Awarded for books and photographs. Chairman of Serbian Mensa (2008. - 2013.). Founder of Mensa World Photo Cup. Context_2 : La traviata (] , The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on "La Dame aux Camélias" (1852), a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, fils. The opera was originally titled "Violetta", after the main character. It was first performed on 6 March 1853 at the La Fenice opera house in Venice. Context_3 : Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver (original title: Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivführer) is a German children's novel written by Michael Ende. Published in 1960, it became one of the most successful German children's books in the postwar era after having first been rejected by a dozen publishers. It received the German Young Literature Prize in 1961 and has been translated into 33 languages. Its huge success later spawned the sequel "Jim Button and the Wild 13" (original title: "Jim Knopf und die Wilde 13"). Context_4 : Pleasantly Surprised (), also known as Love Myself or You, is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic-comedy television series produced by Sanlih E-Television. Starring Puff Guo and as the main leads, with Jolin Chien and Lene Lai as the main supporting leads. The original title has a double meaning which literally translates to "Like Someone" or "Like To Be Alone", depending how it's read. Original title during development of the drama was "Love Met Cupid 愛情遇見邱比特", the title was then changed to "Love Myself or You 喜歡·一個人" during start of production. The English title was once again renamed "Pleasantly Surprised" right before the drama began airing. Filming took place from April 23 to October 13, 2014 and was filmed as the drama aired. First original broadcast began May 23, 2014 on SETTV channel airing every Friday at 10:00-11:30 pm. Final episode was aired on October 17, 2014, with 22 episodes total. Context_5 : The Hour of the Dragon, also known as Conan the Conqueror, is a fantasy novel by American writer Robert E. Howard featuring his sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian. It was one of the last Conan stories published before Howard's suicide although not the last to be written. The novel was first published in serial form in the December, 1935 through April, 1936 issues of the pulp magazine "Weird Tales". The first book edition was published by Gnome Press in hardcover in 1950. The Gnome Press edition retitled the story "Conan the Conqueror", a title retained by all subsequent editions until 1977, when the original title was restored in an edition issued published by Berkley/Putnam in 1977. The Berkley edition also reverted the text to that of its original "Weird Tales" publication, discarding later edits. Later editions have generally followed Berkley and published under the original title. The 1997 film "Kull the Conqueror" is loosely based on "The Hour of the Dragon", replacing Conan with Kull but otherwise keeping the same basic plot. Context_6 : Turid Karlsen (born 1961) is a Norwegian operatic soprano and voice teacher who has had an active international performing career since the 1980s. Known for her portrayals of roles from the dramatic soprano repertoire, she won the Kirsten Flagstad Prize in 2004 for her portrayal of Senta in Richard Wagner's "Der Fliegende Holländer" with the Norwegian National Opera. During her career, she has performed under the batons of several notable conductors, including Daniel Barenboim, Dennis Russell Davies, Placido Domingo, Hartmut Haenchen, Kent Nagano, and Michael Tilson Thomas. She is currently a professor of vocal music at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg. Context_7 : Plácido Domingo has made hundreds of opera performances, music albums, and concert recordings throughout his career as an operatic tenor. From his first operatic leading role as Alfredo in "La traviata" in 1961, his major debuts continued in swift succession: "Tosca" at the Hamburg State Opera and "Don Carlos" at the Vienna State Opera in 1967; "Adriana Lecouvreur" at the Metropolitan Opera, "Turandot" in Verona Arena and "La bohème" in San Francisco in 1969; "La Gioconda" in 1970; "Tosca" in Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 1971; "La bohème" at the Bavarian State Opera in 1972; "Il trovatore" at the Paris Opéra in 1973 and "Don Carlo" at the Salzburg Festival in 1975, "Parsifal" in 1992 at the Bayreuth Festival; and the list continues until today; the same role is often recorded more than once. Context_8 : "The Galton Whistle" is a science fiction short story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, a story in his "Viagens Interplanetarias" series. It is the first (chronologically) set on the planet Vishnu. It was first published, as "Ultrasonic God," in the magazine "Future Combined with Science Fiction Stories" in the issue for July, 1951. It first appeared in book form under the present title (that preferred by the author) in the collection "The Continent Makers and Other Tales of the Viagens", published in hardcover by Twayne Publishers in 1953, and in paperback by Signet Books in 1971. It also appeared in the anthologies "Novelets of Science Fiction" (Belmont Books, 1963, under the original title), "The Good Old Stuff" (St. Martin's Griffin, 1998), and "The Good Stuff" (Science Fiction Book Club, 1999). The story has been translated into Portuguese, Dutch, and Italian. Context_9 : Nicholas Ariondo is an American accordionist, pianist, and composer. He is known for his work with various singers, such as Paul McCartney and Placido Domingo. A double Grammy Award winner with the Los Angeles Opera Orchestra, he became the first American to be awarded Italy's Ancona Prize for his "Kalamatiano for Viola & Free-bass Accordion" (ACCO-Music Publishing). As accordionist-composer, he received over twenty awards from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) for his compositions and performances. He performs classical, jazz, and world music. Bill Palmer, historian, pianist, accordionist, composer, and editor for Alfred Music Publishing, nominated Ariondo for the International Who's Who in Music. Context_10 : Kevin Paul Anderson is an American operatic tenor. He has had a national and international singing career since the late 1980s, and in 1988 appeared as Don Alvar alongside Placido Domingo and Shirley Verrett in the San Francisco Opera's televised production of "L'Africaine". fact_1 : Plácido Domingo has made hundreds of opera performances, music albums, and concert recordings throughout his career as an operatic tenor. fact_2 : From his first operatic leading role as Alfredo in "La traviata" in 1961, his major debuts continued in swift succession: "Tosca" at the Hamburg State Opera and "Don Carlos" at the Vienna State Opera in 1967; "Adriana Lecouvreur" at the Metropolitan Opera, "Turandot" in Verona Arena and "La bohème" in San Francisco in 1969; "La Gioconda" in 1970; "Tosca" in Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 1971; "La bohème" at the Bavarian State Opera in 1972; "Il trovatore" at the Paris Opéra in 1973 and "Don Carlo" at the Salzburg Festival in 1975, "Parsifal" in 1992 at the Bayreuth Festival; and the list continues until today; the same role is often recorded more than once. fact_3 : La traviata (] , The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. fact_4 : The opera was originally titled "Violetta", after the main character. Question: What was the original title of the opera in which Placido Domingo first appeared in 1961?
Answer: | Violetta
| 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : The title of the Hero of the Czechoslovak Republic was established 1955. The name of the title was changed to Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in 1960. Awarded 31 times to some Czechoslovak war heroes, to the general and later president Ludvík Svoboda, to the Czechoslovak president Gustáv Husák, to the Czech cosmonaut Vladimír Remek, Soviet generals and marshals and to Leonid Brezhnev. The piece no. 32 has been given to the National Museum. Context_2 : Tivolis Koncertsal is a 1,660-capacity concert hall located at Tivoli Gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark. The building, which was designed by Frits Schlegel and Hans Hansen, was built between 1954 and 1956. Context_3 : Søren Aabye Kierkegaard ( or ; ] ; 5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian, poet, social critic and religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher. He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christendom, morality, ethics, psychology, and the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony and parables. Much of his philosophical work deals with the issues of how one lives as a "single individual", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal choice and commitment. He was against literary critics who defined idealist intellectuals and philosophers of his time, and thought that Swedenborg, Hegel, Goethe, Fichte, Schelling, Schlegel and Hans Christian Andersen were all "understood" far too quickly by "scholars". Context_4 : Hans Wilhelm Schlegel (Überlingen, 3 August 1951) is a German physicist, an ESA astronaut, and a veteran of two NASA Space Shuttle missions. Context_5 : Vladimír Remek (born 26 September 1948) is a Czech politician and diplomat as well as a former cosmonaut and military pilot. He flew aboard Soyuz 28 from 2 to 10 March 1978, becoming the first Czechoslovak in space and the only Czech in space. As the first cosmonaut from a country other than the Soviet Union or the United States, and with the entry of the Czech Republic into the European Union, Remek is considered to be the first astronaut from the European Union. Remek was a member of the European Parliament between 2004 and 2013 and, since 2014, has been the Czech Ambassador to Russia. Context_6 : Oldřich Pelčák (born November 2, 1943 in Zlín, Czechoslovakia) was a Czech cosmonaut and engineer. He graduated from Gagarin Air Force Military Academy. In 1976, Pelčák was selected as backup of Vladimír Remek for the Soyuz 28 mission. They were the first cosmonauts who were neither Americans nor Soviets. fact_1 : Hans Wilhelm Schlegel (Überlingen, 3 August 1951) is a German physicist, an ESA astronaut, and a veteran of two NASA Space Shuttle missions. fact_2 : Vladimír Remek (born 26 September 1948) is a Czech politician and diplomat as well as a former cosmonaut and military pilot. fact_3 : As the first cosmonaut from a country other than the Soviet Union or the United States, and with the entry of the Czech Republic into the European Union, Remek is considered to be the first astronaut from the European Union. Question: Hans Schlegel and Vladimír Remek are both what?
Output: astronaut
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Snowy Hydro Limited is an electricity generation and retailing company in Australia that owns, manages, and maintains the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Scheme which consists of nine hydro-electric power stations and sixteen large dams connected by 145 kilometres (90 mi) of tunnels and 80 kilometres (50 mi) of aqueducts located mainly in the Kosciuszko National Park. Snowy Hydro also owns and operates two gas-fired power stations in Victoria and one in New South Wales, and owns two electricity retailing businesses (Red Energy and Lumo Energy). Context_2 : Associated British Foods plc (ABF) is a British multinational food processing and retailing company whose headquarters are in London, United Kingdom. Its ingredients division is the world's second-largest producer of both sugar and baker's yeast and a major producer of other ingredients including emulsifiers, enzymes and lactose. Its grocery division is a major manufacturer of both branded and private label grocery products and includes the brands Mazola, Ovaltine, Ryvita, Jordans and Twinings. Its retail division, Primark, has around 325 stores with over 65,00000 sqft of selling space across Austria, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, the UK, and the United States. Context_3 : Ken Lee (Chinese: 李光裕, Pinyin: lǐ guāng yù, 1932 – 21 December 2007) was a Chinese-Australian businessman who co-founded the Bing Lee chain of electronic stores with his father, Bing Lee. He also served as the company's chairman from 1987 until 2007. Context_4 : B&Q plc is a British multinational DIY and home improvement retailing company, headquartered in Eastleigh, England, United Kingdom and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Kingfisher plc. Founded by Richard Block and David Quayle in 1969 originally as Block & Quayle, the retail chain offers over 40,000 products across 300 stores and online. Context_5 : "Lifestyle Nutrition LLC" is a sports nutrition speciality retailing company, with its head-office in Dubai. Founded in the year 1996, the company has since then has embarked on an aggressive expansion plan - which grew into a chain with several outlets across the UAE. The company sells health and nutrition related products, including vitamins, protein, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), creatine, glutamine, meal replacement products, weight loss products and supplements for joint health. Context_6 : The Home Depot, Inc. or Home Depot is an American home improvement supplies retailing company that sells tools, construction products, and services. The company is headquartered at the Atlanta Store Support Center in unincorporated Cobb County, Georgia (with an Atlanta mailing address). Context_7 : Bing Lee is an Australian retailing company, a chain of superstores specialising in consumer electronics, computer and telecommunication goods. Bing Lee is the largest privately held electrical retail business in New South Wales with 41 stores (13 franchised) and a turnover of about $490 million. Context_8 : Mattress Giant Corporation was an American retailing company and mattress store chain founded in 1986 in Miami, Florida. The company was based in Addison, Texas. In 2012 it was announced Mattress Firm would acquire all Mattress Giant locations in the U.S in a $47 million deal, virtually all Mattress Giant locations will convert to Mattress Firm. Some stores were converted to Sleepy's which were later converted to Mattress Firm. The deal closed in July 2012 and it effectively ended Mattress Giant's presence as a bedding retailer. The website was operated through December 2012; and it delivered mattress related products to houses. Context_9 : Alrifai is a Lebanese multinational nut retailing company headquartered in Beirut, Lebanon, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Alrifai International Holding Ltd. It is the largest nut retailing chain in the Middle East and the company with the biggest market share in Lebanon. Context_10 : SuperValu, Inc. is an American retailing company. The corporation, headquartered in the Minneapolis suburb of Eden Prairie, Minnesota, has been in business for nearly a century. It is the fifth-largest food retailing company in the United States (after Kroger and Albertsons), and ranks in the top 100 on the 2015 Fortune 500 list. "Supermarket News" ranked SuperValu #1 in the 2008 "Top Wholesalers for 2008". fact_1 : Ken Lee (Chinese: 李光裕, Pinyin: lǐ guāng yù, 1932 – 21 December 2007) was a Chinese-Australian businessman who co-founded the Bing Lee chain of electronic stores with his father, Bing Lee. fact_2 : Bing Lee is an Australian retailing company, a chain of superstores specialising in consumer electronics, computer and telecommunication goods. Question: Ken Lee is a businessman who co-founded a retailing company that is specialized in which products ?
Output: consumer electronics, computer and telecommunication goods
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Shy Carter (born August 21, 1984), is an American songwriter, record producer, and singer. Recently, Shy has written for top acts such as Meghan Trainor, Jason Derulo, Charlie Puth, Faith Hill, Tim McGraw, and Billy Currington. He co-wrote Charlie Puth's two-time platinum hit "One Call Away" which hit No. 1 on "Billboard"'s Adult Top 40 chart. In 2009, he co-wrote "Someday" with Rob Thomas, which spent over 40 weeks in the Top 5 and became a No. 1 hit on "Billboard"' s Adult Top 40 chart. "Stuck Like Glue", his collaboration with Sugarland, debuted on the "Billboard" Hot 100 at No. 20 and became the 11th most downloaded country music song of all time. He has also been featured on Latin artist Gloria Trevi's #1 song "Habla Blah Blah". He's also worked with Faith Hill, Ashanti, and Chingy. Carter also wrote a song titled "Bring it Back", which was released on August 7, 2015 and hit the Top 40 of "Billboard"'s Rhythmic chart. Context_2 : The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia. Its data, published by the Australian Recording Industry Association, is based collectively on each single's weekly physical and digital sales. In 2015, nineteen singles claimed the top spot, including Mark Ronson's "Uptown Funk", which started its peak position in 2014, and 23 acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia: Ronson, OMI, Felix Jaehn, Ellie Goulding, LunchMoney Lewis, Major Lazer, DJ Snake, MØ, Wiz Khalifa, Charlie Puth, Grace, G-Eazy, Kendrick Lamar, Conrad Sewell, Lost Frequencies, One Direction, Calvin Harris, Disciples, Justin Bieber, Eric Nally, Melle Mel, Kool Moe Dee and Grandmaster Caz. Context_3 : "Attention" is a song recorded by American singer/songwriter Charlie Puth. Written and produced by Puth, with additional songwriting by Jacob Kasher, the song was released on April 21, 2017 by Atlantic Records, as the lead single from Puth's upcoming second studio album "Voice Notes". It is a midtempo pop rock song with elements of '80s soft-soul and funk. The song's music video was released on April 24, 2017. The single has since attained top 10 peaks in more than 10 countries, including France, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, and the United States. Context_4 : Now That's What I Call Music! 56 is the 56th edition of the "Now!" series in the United States, released on October 30, 2015. It features 22 tracks including three "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one hits: "See You Again" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth, "Can't Feel My Face" by The Weeknd and "Bad Blood" by Taylor Swift featuring Kendrick Lamar. Context_5 : This is a list of singles that charted in the top ten of the ARIA Charts in 2015. In 2015 fifty-three acts, Omi, James Bay, Haim, The Avener, Jasmine Thompson, Chet Faker, LunchMoney Lewis, Jennifer Hudson, Major Lazer, DJ Snake, MØ, Jarryd James, Charlie Puth, Years & Years, Jamie Lawson, Galantis, Walk the Moon, Grace, G-Eazy, Rachel Platten, Kendrick Lamar, Deorro, Conrad Sewell, Tarrus Riley, Kygo, Ilsey, The Weeknd, Silentó, Lost Frequencies, Pia Mia, Tyga, Disciples, Fifth Harmony, Kid Ink, Selena Gomez, ASAP Rocky, Aston Merrygold, Jeremih, R. City, Eric Nally, Melle Mel, Grandmaster Caz, Felix Jaehn, Francesco Yates, Dawin, Cyrus, Zara Larsson, MNEK, Duke Dumont, Shawn Mendes, James Chatburn, Bipolar Sunshine and WSTRN reached the top ten for the first time. Context_6 : American singer Ciara has released six studio albums, one extended play, one DVD, one promotional single, twenty-seven singles, including seven as a featured artist, and twenty-eight music videos, including seven as a featured artist. She made her debut in 2004 with her debut album "Goodies" which debuted at three in the US and charted within the top forty in several international markets. The album's title track peaked at number-one in the United States for seven weeks and gave the singer the title of "The First Lady of Crunk&B," while singles "1, 2 Step" and "Oh" reached the top three in the US. All three singles reached the top ten in many international markets, with "Goodies" topping charts in the UK. "Goodies" was certified triple-Platinum in the United States, Platinum in Canada, and sold over five million copies worldwide. Ciara also participated in a number of successful collaborations, including US top five hits "Lose Control" with Missy Elliott, and "Like You" with rapper Bow Wow, as well as the US top ten "So What" with group Field Mob. Context_7 : Paris Jones (born March 14, 1990), professionally known as PJ, is a Los Angeles-based singer-songwriter and producer from Greensboro, NC. Jones began her career as a songwriter, and has written for Wiz Khalifa, Usher, Chris Brown, Charlie Puth & Fantasia. She categorizes her sound as "Come Up Music", and doesn't hold herself to one specific genre. Context_8 : American singer Charlie Puth has released one studio album, three extended plays, one video album, three singles, and three promotional singles. Puth released two extended plays, "The Otto Tunes" (2010) and "Ego" (2013), as an independent artist. In 2015 he signed with Atlantic Records and released his debut single "Marvin Gaye", which features guest vocals from Meghan Trainor. The single has been certified 2× Platinum in Australia, topped the charts in New Zealand, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, and peaked at number 21 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. Puth wrote, co-produced, and was featured on a song with Wiz Khalifa, "See You Again", included in the "Furious 7" soundtrack. On May 1, 2015, Puth released an EP, "Some Type of Love". The pre-order for Puth's debut studio album "Nine Track Mind" started on August 20, 2015 along with the second single "One Call Away". The album was officially released on January 29, 2016. Context_9 : "One Call Away" is a song by American singer Charlie Puth for his debut album "Nine Track Mind". It was released on August 20, 2015 by Atlantic Records as the second single from the album, after the lead single "Marvin Gaye". "One Call Away" is a gospel-infused pop soul song. It reached number 12 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, making it Puth's third top 40 single in the US and his third highest-charting single as a lead artist to date, behind "We Don't Talk Anymore" and "Attention". Context_10 : "Gangnam Style" (Korean: 강남스타일 , ] ) is the 18th K-pop single by the South Korean musician Psy. The song was released on July 15, 2012, as the lead single of his sixth studio album "Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1", and debuted at number one on South Korea's Gaon Chart. On December 21, 2012, "Gangnam Style" became the first YouTube video to reach one billion and two billion views. The song's music video has been viewed over 2.9 billion times on YouTube, and was the most viewed video on YouTube from November 24, 2012, when it surpassed the music video for "Baby" by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris, to July 10, 2017, when it was surpassed by the music video for "See You Again" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth. fact_1 : It reached number 12 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, making it Puth's third top 40 single in the US and his third highest-charting single as a lead artist to date, behind "We Don't Talk Anymore" and "Attention". fact_2 : Written and produced by Puth, with additional songwriting by Jacob Kasher, the song was released on April 21, 2017 by Atlantic Records, as the lead single from Puth's upcoming second studio album "Voice Notes". Question: Who helpef write one of Charlie Puth's top three singles?
| Output: Jacob Kasher
| 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Let me give you an example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
The answer to this example can be: 1874May
Here is why: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
OK. solve this:
Context_1 : Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Queen Alexandra; she was a younger sister of King George V. She was the sixth daughter of a British monarch to be styled Princess Royal. Context_2 : Duke of Fife is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom which has been created twice, in both cases for Alexander Duff, 6th Earl Fife, who in 1889 married Louise, Princess Royal, the eldest daughter of the future King Edward VII. Context_3 : Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Context_4 : The statue of George V in Old Palace Yard, Westminster, London, is a sculpture of George V, King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India. The statue was sculpted prior to the Second World War and was hidden in a quarry during the war years. Other locations were suggested for the statue, including Parliament Square, but it was unveiled opposite the House of Lords in 1947. Context_5 : Duff House Royal Golf Club in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, was founded in 1910. It was founded as the Duff House Golf Club and became the Duff House Royal Golf Club after subsequently receiving royal patronage, at the request of Princess Louise, Dowager Duchess of Fife, in 1925. Context_6 : George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936. Context_7 : Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Empress of India as the wife of King-Emperor George V. Context_8 : James George Alexander Bannerman Carnegie, 3rd Duke of Fife (23 September 1929 – 22 June 2015) was a British landowner, farmer and peer. He was the grandson of Louise, Princess Royal, a daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom. As a female-line great-grandson of a British sovereign, he did not carry out royal or official duties or receive any funds from the Civil List. He was the second cousin of Queens Elizabeth II and Margrethe II and King Harald V of Norway. Through his maternal grandfather, he was also a descendant of King William IV and Dorothea Jordan. Context_9 : George VI (1895–1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions from 1936 to 1952 and Emperor of India from 1936 to 1948. Context_10 : The SS "Princess Louise" was a 331-foot steamship, named in honor of Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, Queen Victoria's sister. The ship was part of the Canadian Pacific Railway's "Princess" fleet, the coastal counterparts to CPR's "Empress" fleet of passenger liners which sailed on trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes. The ships of the British Columbia Coast Steamships came to be called "pocket liners" because they offered on smaller vessels the superior class of service, splendid amenities and luxurious decor equal to great ocean liners. fact_1 : Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Queen Alexandra; she was a younger sister of King George V. fact_2 : Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Question: Who was the parent of Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, that ruled over the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and India until 1910?
Answer: | Edward VII | 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : "A Fish Called Selma" is the nineteenth episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> seventh season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 24, 1996. The episode features Troy McClure, who attempts to resurrect his acting career by marrying Selma Bouvier. Show runners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein were fans of Phil Hartman and wished to produce an episode that focused on his character McClure. Freelance writer Jack Barth wrote the episode, and Mark Kirkland directed it. Context_2 : Zapp Brannigan is a fictional character in the animated sitcom "Futurama". He is voiced by Billy West, but was originally intended to be voiced by Phil Hartman, with West taking over the role after Hartman's death. The character is based on the "Star Trek" captain James T. Kirk, played by William Shatner. The show's executive producer David X. Cohen has described Brannigan as "half Captain Kirk, half actual William Shatner". Context_3 : "The Regina Monologues" is the fourth episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> fifteenth season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 23, 2003. It was written by John Swartzwelder, and directed by Mark Kirkland. The episode sees the Simpson family travel to the United Kingdom for vacation. There, they meet several celebrities including Tony Blair, Evan Marriott, Ian McKellen and J. K. Rowling, who all appear as themselves. Later, Homer gets arrested and locked in the Tower of London for accidentally crashing into the Queen's carriage. Meanwhile, Abraham Simpson journeys to find Edwina, his long lost love, who is voiced by Jane Leeves. Context_4 : "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show" is the fourteenth episode in the eighth season of the American animated television series "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 9, 1997. In the episode, "The Itchy & Scratchy Show" attempts to regain viewers by introducing a new character named Poochie, whose voice is provided by Homer. The episode is largely self-referential and satirizes the world of television production, fans of "The Simpsons", and the series itself. It was written by David X. Cohen and directed by Steven Dean Moore. Alex Rocco is a credited guest voice as Roger Meyers, Jr. for the third and final time (having previously provided the character's voice in "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" and "The Day the Violence Died"); Phil Hartman also guest stars as Troy McClure. Poochie would become a minor recurring character and Comic Book Guy's catchphrase, "Worst episode ever", is introduced in this episode. With "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show", the show's 167th episode, "The Simpsons" surpassed "The Flintstones" in the number of episodes produced for a prime-time animated series. Context_5 : Lionel Hutz is a fictional character in the animated television series "The Simpsons". He was voiced by Phil Hartman, and his first appearance was in the season two episode "Bart Gets Hit by a Car". Hutz is a stereotypical ambulance chasing lawyer in Springfield with questionable competence and ethics. He is nevertheless (or thus) often hired by the Simpsons. Following Hartman's murder in 1998, Hutz was retired out of respect; and his final speaking role was in the season nine episode "Realty Bites" five months earlier. Context_6 : "All Singing, All Dancing" is the eleventh episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> ninth season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 4, 1998. In the fourth clip show aired by "The Simpsons", Homer claims he hates singing, so Marge shows family videos of musical numbers from the previous seasons of the series. The original material was directed by Mark Ervin and written by Steve O'Donnell. It was executive produced by David Mirkin. It features guest appearances from George Harrison, Patrick Stewart, and Phil Hartman, although these are all clips and none of them recorded original material for the episode. Context_7 : Troy McClure is a fictional character from the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". He was voiced by Phil Hartman and first appeared in the second season episode "Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment". McClure is usually shown doing low-level work, such as hosting infomercials and educational films. He appears as the main character in "A Fish Called Selma", in which he marries Selma Bouvier to aid his failing career and quash rumors about his personal life. McClure also 'hosts' "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" and "The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase". Context_8 : "Marge on the Lam" is the sixth episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> fifth season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 4, 1993. When Marge invites her neighbor Ruth Powers to attend the ballet with her, the two become friends and begin to go out, making Homer jealous as he wants Marge to spend time with him. Ruth and Marge agree to remain friends but not go out together after a large police pursuit with Chief Wiggum. It was written by Bill Canterbury and directed by Mark Kirkland. Phil Hartman, Pamela Reed and George Fenneman guest star. Context_9 : "Girly Edition" is the twenty-first episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series "The Simpsons". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 19, 1998. In the episode, Lisa and Bart Simpson must co-anchor a new news program, though when Bart is seen as a more successful news anchor, Lisa becomes jealous and seeks revenge. Meanwhile, in the subplot, Homer Simpson gets a monkey helper because of his laziness. "Girly Edition" was the first episode written by Larry Doyle and was directed by Mark Kirkland. Much of the subplot was inspired by the film "Monkey Shines". Critics gave the episode positive reviews and it was well received by Lisa's voice actress Yeardley Smith. Context_10 : "22 Short Films About Springfield" is the twenty-first episode of "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> seventh season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 14, 1996. It was written by Richard Appel, David S. Cohen, Jonathan Collier, Jennifer Crittenden, Greg Daniels, Brent Forrester, Dan Greaney, Rachel Pulido, Steve Tompkins, Josh Weinstein, Bill Oakley, and Matt Groening, with the writing being supervised by Daniels. The episode was directed by Jim Reardon. Phil Hartman guest starred as Lionel Hutz and the hospital board chairman. The episode looks into the lives of other Springfield residents in a series of linked stories and originated from the end segment of the season four episode "The Front". The episode is a loose parody of "Pulp Fiction", which gave the staff the idea of a possible spin-off from "The Simpsons". The title is a reference to the film "Thirty Two Short Films About Glenn Gould". The episode received positive reviews from critics. fact_1 : Troy McClure is a fictional character from the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". fact_2 : He was voiced by Phil Hartman and first appeared in the second season episode "Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment". fact_3 : McClure is usually shown doing low-level work, such as hosting infomercials and educational films. fact_4 : He appears as the main character in "A Fish Called Selma", in which he marries Selma Bouvier to aid his failing career and quash rumors about his personal life. fact_5 : Freelance writer Jack Barth wrote the episode, and Mark Kirkland directed it. Question: In which "The Simpsons" episode written by Jack Barth and directed by Mark Kirkland does this fictional character (who usually does low-level work) voiced by Phil Hartman appear as the main character?
Output: A Fish Called Selma
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Vincent Biron (born 1984 in Pierreville, Quebec) is a Canadian film director. He is most noted for his 2016 feature film debut "Prank", and his short film "Little Flowers (Les fleurs de l'âge)", which won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival. Context_2 : Les Fleurs du mal (English: ""The Flowers of Evil"") is an album by Léo Ferré, released in 1957 by Odeon Records. It is his first LP dedicated to a poet and this is the first time in popular music history a whole album is decicated to a dead poet. Léo Ferré has set Baudelaire into music two more times : in 1967 with double album "Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire", and with unfinished project "Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin)", recorded in 1977 but posthumously released in 2008. Context_3 : Wallace Fox (9 March 1895 – 30 June 1958) was an American film director. He directed 84 films between 1927 and 1953. He was born in Purcell, Oklahoma, and died in Hollywood, California. Context_4 : C.R.A.Z.Y. is a 2005 French-language Canadian coming-of-age drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and co-written by Vallée and François Boulay. It tells the story of Zac, a young gay man dealing with homophobia while growing up with four brothers and a conservative father in Quebec during the 1960s and 1970s. The film employs an extensive soundtrack, featuring artists such as Pink Floyd, Patsy Cline and The Rolling Stones. Context_5 : Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin) (English: ""The Flowers of Evil (last and final)"") is an album by Léo Ferré, posthumously released in 2008 by La Mémoire et la Mer. It is his third musical effort dedicated to Charles Baudelaire's poetry, after the seminal "Les Fleurs du mal" in 1957 and the expanding double LP "Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire" in 1967. Context_6 : Red Morning is a 1934 American adventure film directed by Wallace Fox from a screenplay by John Twist and Wallace Fox, based on a story by Gouverneur Morris. The film stars Steffi Duna, Regis Toomey, Raymond Hatton, and Mitchell Lewis. Context_7 : Demolition is a 2015 USA drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and written by Bryan Sipe. The film stars Jake Gyllenhaal, Naomi Watts, Chris Cooper, and Judah Lewis. The film opened the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival and was theatrically released on April 8, 2016, by Fox Searchlight Pictures. Context_8 : Les Fleurs du Mal is a cover album and the fifteenth full-length album by Swedish symphonic metal band Therion. It was released on 28 September 2012 to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the band. Named after the 1857 volume of poetry "Les Fleurs du mal", the album is fully sung in French language. It consist of metal cover versions of French pop songs from 1960s and 1970s, mostly from the ye-ye genre. Context_9 : "The Young Victoria" is a 2009 period drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and written by Julian Fellowes. It centered on the early life and reign of Queen Victoria, including her relationship with her husband, Prince Albert. The film starred Emily Blunt and Rupert Friend among a large ensemble cast. Martin Scorsese, Graham King, and Sarah, Duchess of York served as its producers. A GK Films production, "The Young Victoria" was distributed by Momentum Pictures in the United Kingdom and by Apparition in the United States. Its world premiere was held on 5 February 2009 at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival while its UK premiere was held in London's Leicester Square on 3 March. The film was screened throughout 2009 and early 2010 at film festivals in Toronto, Sudbury, Ontario, Chicago, Hamptons, New York, Vermont, San Francisco, Denver, and San Joaquin, California. "The Young Victoria"' s theatrical release occurred on 6 March 2009 in the UK; it was released in a limited capacity in the US on 18 December 2009, and opened nationwide on Christmas Day. It earned a worldwide gross of $27,409,889. Context_10 : Jean-Marc Vallée (born March 9, 1963) film director, screenwriter, and film editor from Québec, Canada. After studying film at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Vallée went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995), and "Les Mots magiques" (1998). fact_1 : Jean-Marc Vallée (born March 9, 1963) film director, screenwriter, and film editor from Québec, Canada. fact_2 : After studying film at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Vallée went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995), and "Les Mots magiques" (1998). fact_3 : Wallace Fox (9 March 1895 – 30 June 1958) was an American film director. Question: In between Jean-Marc Vallée and Wallace Fox who went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995)?
Output: JeanMarc Vallée
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Wild Horses is the debut studio album by the British rock band, Wild Horses, co-produced with Trevor Rabin at Konk Studios in London, and released on 14 April 1980 on EMI Records. It peaked at No. 38, and spent four weeks in the UK Albums Chart. Context_2 : The mustang is a free-roaming horse of the American west that first descended from horses brought to the Americas by the Spanish. Mustangs are often referred to as wild horses, but because they are descended from once-domesticated horses, they are properly defined as feral horses. The original mustangs were Colonial Spanish horses, but many other breeds and types of horses contributed to the modern mustang, resulting in varying phenotypes. In the 21st century, mustang herds vary in the degree to which they can be traced to original Iberian horses. Some contain a greater genetic mixture of ranch stock and more recent breed releases, while others are relatively unchanged from the original Iberian stock, most strongly represented in the most isolated populations. Context_3 : The horse ("Equus ferus caballus") is one of two extant subspecies of "Equus ferus". It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, "Eohippus", into the large, single-toed animal of today. Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC. Horses in the subspecies "caballus" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse. There is an extensive, specialized vocabulary used to describe equine-related concepts, covering everything from anatomy to life stages, size, colors, markings, breeds, locomotion, and behavior. Context_4 : John "Johnny" McDaid (born 24 July 1976) is a Northern Irish singer, songwriter, musician and record producer from Derry. Context_5 : The Corolla Wild Horses Protection Act ( ) is a bill that was introduced into the 113th United States Congress, where it passed the United States House of Representatives. The bill would affect wild horses living in North Carolina. Context_6 : "Wild Horses" is a song by English recording artist Birdy. It was released as a digital download on 11 March 2016 in the United Kingdom, as the second single from her third studio album, "Beautiful Lies" (2016). The song was written by Birdy and John McDaid and produced by TMS and Phil Cook. Context_7 : Management of free-roaming feral and semi-feral horses, (colloquially called "wild") on various public lands in North America is accomplished under the authority of law, either by the government of jurisdiction or efforts of private groups. In western Canada, management is a provincial matter, with several associations and societies helping to manage wild horses in British Columbia and Alberta. In Nova Scotia and various locations in the United States, management is under the jurisdiction of various federal agencies. The largest population of free-roaming horses are found in the Western United States, where most of them are protected under the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971 (WFRH&BA), and their management is primarily undertaken by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), but also by the U. S. Forest Service (USFS) Context_8 : A feral horse is a free-roaming horse of domesticated ancestry. As such, a feral horse is not a wild animal in the sense of an animal without domesticated ancestors. However, some populations of feral horses are managed as wildlife, and these horses often are popularly called "wild" horses. Feral horses are descended from domestic horses that strayed, escaped, or were deliberately released into the wild and remained to survive and reproduce there. Away from humans, over time, these animals' patterns of behavior revert to behavior more closely resembling that of wild horses. Some horses that live in a feral condition but may be occasionally handled or managed by humans, particularly if privately owned, are referred to as "semi-feral". Context_9 : Georgia Bruce (born 7 May 1981) is an expert in equine behavior and psychology. She specializes in the positive reinforcement based training method known as "Clicker Training". Bruce has written two books about clicker training horses and has also produced a DVD training series on equine clicker training. Bruce gives lessons, clinics, trick shows and clicker training demonstrations around Australia. Her broad repertoire of horse training skills includes training trick horses, liberty horses, wild horses, starting young horses and retraining problem horses. Bruce also has extensive experience training horses for high level performance in both dressage and reining. Context_10 : Black Cowboy, Wild Horses: A True Story is a 1998 children's picture book by Julius Lester and illustrator Jerry Pinkney. It is about an ex-slave and cowboy, Bob Lemmons, who, by himself, wrangles a herd of wild horses to a corral. fact_1 : The song was written by Birdy and John McDaid and produced by TMS and Phil Cook. fact_2 : John "Johnny" McDaid (born 24 July 1976) is a Northern Irish singer, songwriter, musician and record producer from Derry. Question: When was the Northern Irish singer who wrote Wild Horses born?
| Output: 24 July 1976
| 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
--------
Question: Context_1 : Kung Fu Killer is a two-part 2008 Mini-series aired on Spike TV and re-uniting Daryl Hannah and David Carradine of "Kill Bill" fame. The film also includes a lot of eastern Kung Fu talent including Osric Chau. The film also alludes to the "Kung Fu" programs of the 1970s that brought Carradine to fame. Context_2 : "My kung fu is stronger than yours" is a popular cultural trope and catchphrase, originally referring to the clichéd plots of martial arts films. The trope was popularized during the pursuit of computer hacker Kevin Mitnick in 1994. The phrase is also rendered as "My kung fu is better than yours", "My kung fu is stronger than your kung fu", "My kung fu is the best", etc. Context_3 : Shaolin Kung Fu (), also called Shaolin Wushu () or Shaolin quan (), is one of the oldest, largest, and most famous styles of Chinese martial arts. It combines Zen Buddhism and martial arts and originated and was developed in the Shaolin temple in Henan province, China during its 1500-year history. In Chinese folklore, there are famous sayings "All martial arts under heaven originated from Shaolin" and "Shaolin kung fu is the best under heaven," which, though not provable, indicate and appraise the influence and place of Shaolin kung fu among martial arts. The name Shaolin is also used as a brand for the so-called external styles of kung fu. Many styles in southern and northern China use the name Shaolin. Context_4 : Mick Wingert (born July 4, 1974) is an American voice actor, comedian and voice-over coach. He is known for his voice over work in video games, movies and TV shows, as well as the new voice of Master Po and Zeng in "", taking over the roles from actors Jack Black and Dan Fogler. Wingert has been praised by fans of the "Kung Fu Panda" franchise for his Po voice impression sounding exactly like Jack Black's voice. He also does additional voice over work in "Kung Fu Panda", "Mass Effect 2", "", "The Technomancer" and "The Princess and the Frog". He is not related to fellow voice actor Wally Wingert. Context_5 : Kung Fu Magoo is a Mexican-American animated action comedy film based on the "Mr. Magoo" character, created by Millard Kaufman and John Hubley. This film was produced by Classic Media, Ánima Estudios, and Santo Domingo Films. This film was also produced by Motion Toons, a new animation studio created in conjunction of Ánima Estudios, and Santo Domingo Films. English voice-cast stars Dylan and Cole Sprouse, Alyson Stoner and voice actors Tom Kenny, Rodger Bumpass, Jim Conroy, Chris Parnell, and Maile Flanagan. Context_6 : Live at the House of Blues is a live album and video by the southern California punk rock band The Vandals, released in 2004 by Kung Fu Records and Kung Fu Films. It was the band's second official live album and video, the first being 1991's "". It was released in 2 packages, one a DVD with a bonus concert CD, the other a CD with a bonus DVD. Both packages contain the same discs and material, merely packaged differently so that it could be stacked on both CD and DVD shelves. It was presented as episode 9 of Kung Fu Films' "The Show Must Go Off!" live concert DVD series (episode 1 had also been a live Vandals concert, from their 2001 Christmas Formal). Kung Fu Films is an offshoot of Kung Fu Records, the record label started in 1996 by Vandals members Joe Escalante and Warren Fitzgerald. Having previously worked in the television and film industries, Joe Escalante acts as director and producer for nearly all of these live DVD releases. Context_7 : Chiu Chi Ling (; born 1943) is an actor that appears mostly in Kung Fu style movies produced in Hong Kong. He also teaches Hung Gar Kung Fu at Chiu Chi Ling Hung Gar Kung Fu Association, a San Francisco-based martial arts school he founded, and at the old Chiu Family Kwoon in Hong Kong. Every year he visits his students and grand students around the world and organizes worldwide Kung Fu tournaments. The Kung Fu lineage he is part of was passed down directly from southern shaolin temple and carries names like Hung Hei Gung and Wong Fei Hung. Context_8 : That Darn Punk Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack album to the 2002 independent film "That Darn Punk". The film was released by Kung Fu Films and starred Joe Escalante of the punk rock band The Vandals as the lead character. Escalante is also in charge of Kung Fu Films and Kung Fu Records, which put out the film's soundtrack. The label was co-founded by Escalante and Vandals guitarist Warren Fitzgerald, who also appears in the film. In fact, all the members of the Vandals appear in the film as the fictional band the Big Tippers, alongside several other punk rock personalities. The soundtrack album was released to coincide with the release of the film, which went straight to video on VHS and DVD formats. Context_9 : Maile Flanagan (born May 19, 1965) is an American actress, best known for her roles as Naruto Uzumaki (English version) in "Naruto", as Terry Perry on "Lab Rats", and has had recurring roles on "Shameless", "Bad Teacher", "The Class", "Grey's Anatomy" and many cartoons. Context_10 : The "Kung Fu Panda" franchise from DreamWorks Animation consists of three films: "Kung Fu Panda" (2008), "Kung Fu Panda 2" (2011) and "Kung Fu Panda 3" (2016). The first two were distributed by Paramount Pictures, while the third film was distributed by 20th Century Fox. Three shorts, "Secrets of the Furious Five" (2008), "Kung Fu Panda Holiday Special" (2010) and "" (2011), were also released. A television series for Nickelodeon television network, "", premiered in the fall of 2011. fact_1 : English voice-cast stars Dylan and Cole Sprouse, Alyson Stoner and voice actors Tom Kenny, Rodger Bumpass, Jim Conroy, Chris Parnell, and Maile Flanagan. fact_2 : Maile Flanagan (born May 19, 1965) is an American actress, best known for her roles as Naruto Uzumaki (English version) in "Naruto", as Terry Perry on "Lab Rats", and has had recurring roles on "Shameless", "Bad Teacher", "The Class", "Grey's Anatomy" and many cartoons. Question: Which voice actor in Kung Fu Magoo also appeared on Grey's Anatomy?
Answer: Maile Flanagan
Question: Context_1 : Albert Hosmer Bowker (September 8, 1919 – January 20, 2008) was an American statistician and university administrator. Born in Massachusetts, he worked at Stanford University in the late 1940s to early 1950s. In 1953 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. He then served as Chancellor of the City University of New York from 1963 to 1971. During this period, in 1964, he married his second wife, Rosedith Sitgreaves, herself a notable statistician who had gone through the graduate program in statistics at Columbia University with Bowker and was at the time a professor at Columbia. He served as Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley from 1971 to 1980 until serving as U.S. Assistant Secretary for Post-Secondary Education in the Carter administration. After 1 year, he went to the University of Maryland to serve as Dean of the School of Public Affairs. He died of pancreatic cancer in 2008. Context_2 : Nathaniel Read Silver (born January 13, 1978) is an American statistician and writer who analyzes baseball (see sabermetrics) and elections (see psephology). He is the editor-in-chief of ESPN's "FiveThirtyEight" and a Special Correspondent for ABC News. Silver first gained public recognition for developing PECOTA, a system for forecasting the performance and career development of Major League Baseball players, which he sold to and then managed for Baseball Prospectus from 2003 to 2009. Context_3 : Christopher Bingham is an American statistician who introduced the Bingham distribution. In joint work with C. M. D. Godfrey and John Tukey he introduced complex demodulation into the analysis of time series. The Kent distribution is also known as the Fisher–Bingham distribution, is named after Bingham and the English biologist and statistician Ronald Fisher. Context_4 : Howard Steven Friedman (born June 10, 1972) is a prominent American statistician, health economist, writer and artist currently employed at the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and as an adjunct Associate Professor at Columbia University Context_5 : Trevor John Hastie (born 27 June 1953) is an American statistician and computer scientist. He is currently serving as the John A. Overdeck Professor of Mathematical Sciences and Professor of Statistics at the Stanford University. Hastie is known for his contributions to applied statistics, especially in the field of machine learning, data mining, and bioinformatics. He has authored several popular books in statistical learning, including "The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction". Hastie has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Mathematics by the ISI Web of Knowledge. Context_6 : George William James (born October 5, 1949) is an American baseball writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential. Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books devoted to baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he termed sabermetrics in reference to the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose. His "Baseball Abstract" books in the 1980s are the modern predecessor to websites using sabermetrics such as Baseball Prospectus and Baseball Primer (now Baseball Think Factory). Context_7 : Beardsley Ruml (5 November 1894 – 19 April 1960) was an American statistician, economist, philanthropist, planner, businessman and man of affairs in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. He was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. His father, Wentzle Ruml, was a country doctor. His mother, Salome Beardsley Ruml, was a hospital superintendent. He received a BA from Dartmouth College in 1915 and a Ph.D. in psychology and education from the University of Chicago in 1917. On August 28, 1917 he married Lois Treadwell; they had three children. A pioneer statistician, in 1918 he helped design aptitude and intelligence tests for the U.S. Army. Ruml viewed society as composed of groups whose traits could be measured and ranked on a scale of normality and deviance. Context_8 : Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections is a web site that provides tables, graphs, and maps for presidential (1789–present), senatorial (1990 and onwards), and gubernatorial (1990 and onwards) elections. Data include candidates, parties, popular and electoral vote totals, and voter turnout. County-level data is available for many years, and all data are compiled from official sources. Leip's Atlas has been cited as a "preferred source for election results" by statistician and political pundit Nate Silver. Context_9 : David L. Banks is an American statistician. He is a former editor of the "Journal of the American Statistical Association"; a founding editor of "Statistics, Politics and Policy"; and a co-editor of the monograph "Statistical Methods for Human Rights". He is a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the Royal Statistical Society. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the American Statistical Association, and he is a past-President of the Classification Society. He has taught at the University of Cambridge and at Carnegie Mellon University; he was also Chief Statistician of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Additionally, he has served on six National Academies panels. Context_10 : Katherine K. Wallman is an American statistician who was the Chief Statistician of the United States from 1992 to 2017. In that role at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, she provided coordination, guidance, and oversight for the Federal Statistical System of the United States. fact_1 : Leip's Atlas has been cited as a "preferred source for election results" by statistician and political pundit Nate Silver. fact_2 : Nathaniel Read Silver (born January 13, 1978) is an American statistician and writer who analyzes baseball (see sabermetrics) and elections (see psephology). Question: An American statistician and writer who analyzes baseball cited Leip's Atlas as what?
Answer: preferred source for election results
Question: Context_1 : The Westin Book Cadillac Detroit is a historic skyscraper hotel located at 1114 Washington Boulevard in Downtown Detroit, Michigan, within the Washington Boulevard Historic District. Designed in the Neo-Renaissance style, and constructed as the Book-Cadillac, it is part of Westin Hotels and embodies Neo-Classical elements and building sculpture, incorporating brick and limestone. Among its notable features are the sculptures of notable figures from Detroit's history—General Anthony Wayne, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, Chief Pontiac, and Robert Navarre along the ornate Michigan Avenue façade and copper-covered roof elements. The flagship hotel is 349 ft tall with 31 floors, and includes 67 exclusive luxury condominiums and penthouses on the top eight floors. It reopened in October 2008 after completing a $200-million reconstruction project and contains the Roast restaurant and 24 Grille. Context_2 : Westin Hotels & Resorts is an American upscale hotel chain owned by Marriott International. As of 2017, Westin operated over 269 hotels in multiple countries across the globe. Context_3 : Lincoln Square is a mixed-use urban development in Bellevue, Washington, owned by prominent local developer Kemper Freeman. Lincoln Square, located along Bellevue Way between NE 6th and NE 8th streets, consists of two skyscrapers with retail and restaurant space, and a movie theater; and a 148-room residential tower and 337-room luxury hotel (One Lincoln Tower); and underground parking. The development constitutes part of "The Bellevue Collection", which consists of Freeman's properties in downtown Bellevue alongside Bellevue Place and Bellevue Square. The office tower is leased to Eddie Bauer's corporate headquarters and Microsoft; the hotel is occupied by Westin Hotels & Resorts. Context_4 : The Suncor Energy Centre, formerly the Petro-Canada Centre is a 1,945,000 square foot (181,000 m²) project composed of two granite and reflective glass-clad office towers of 32 floors and 53 floors, situated in the office core of downtown Calgary, Alberta. At 215 m (measured to top of the structure), the west tower is the 13th tallest building in Canada and the fourth tallest skyscraper outside of Toronto, having been surpassed on July 8, 2010 by the neighbouring Bow. The office towers encompass 1,702,000 square feet (158,000 m²) of rentable office space with the complex also containing 243,000 square feet (23,000 m²) of retail and underground parking area. A glass-enclosed walkway (part of the +15 System) provides shelter, and easy access to the surrounding buildings. Context_5 : The Westin Harbour Castle Hotel is a large, modern hotel located on 1 Harbour Square, next to the waterfront of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Westin Hotels chain within the Starwood Hotels & Resorts Group, owned by Marriott International. Context_6 : Al Habtoor City (Arabic: الحبتور سيتي ) (former name ‘Habtoor Palace complex’) is a multi-use development in Dubai. Consisting of three hotels (The St. Regis Dubai, W Dubai – Al Habtoor City, and The Westin Dubai, Al Habtoor City) and three high-rise residential towers commissioned by the Al Habtoor Group in 2012. Part of the Hotel Collection, The St. Regis Dubai opened in December, 2015 and was the first hotel to open in the development. The W Dubai – Al Habtoor City made its debut in June 2016 and The Westin Dubai, Al Habtoor City welcomed its first guests in August 2016. Al Habtoor City stands on the site of one of Dubai’s oldest hotels, the Metropolitan on Sheikh Zayed Road. Context_7 : The Galleria, stylized theGalleria or the Houston Galleria, is an upscale mixed-use urban development shopping mall centrally located in the Uptown District of Houston, Texas, United States. The development consists of a retail complex, as well as the Galleria Office Towers complex, two Westin hotels, and a private health club. The office towers and hotels are separately owned and managed from the shopping center. Context_8 : Galleria Office Towers is an office complex located on the site of The Galleria in the Uptown district of Houston, Texas, United States. The buildings, consisting of the Galleria Tower I, Galleria Tower II, and the Galleria Financial Center, are managed by Colville Office Properties. Context_9 : The Westin Las Vegas Hotel & Spa is a resort near the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The Westin is managed by Pyramid Hotel Group, under franchise from Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, owner of Westin Hotels. It is noteworthy for being one of the first Las Vegas resorts to prohibit smoking in almost all parts of the property. Context_10 : The Westin Georgetown, Washington, D.C. is a luxury Postmodernist-style hotel located at 2350 M Street NW in the West End neighborhood of Washington, D.C., in the United States. Completed in 1984, the hotel was originally known as The Regent, but changed its name in 1985 to The Grand. After the hotel's owners were declared bankrupt in October 1994, the corporate predecessors to Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide purchased the property in November 1995. Westin Hotels partnered with the new owners and rebranded the property first as The Westin Hotel in January 1996, then as The Westin Grand in 1999, and finally as The Westin Georgetown in 2010. Since 2011, The Westin Georgetown has been AAA-rated four diamonds. fact_1 : Galleria Office Towers is an office complex located on the site of The Galleria in the Uptown district of Houston, Texas, United States. fact_2 : The development consists of a retail complex, as well as the Galleria Office Towers complex, two Westin hotels, and a private health club. Question: How many Westin hotels are located in the site the Galleria Office Towers are located in?
Answer: | two
| 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Why? From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input: Context_1 : Kyle Cranmer is an American physicist and a professor at New York University at the Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics and Affiliated Faculty member at NYU's Center for Data Science. He is an experimental particle physicist working, primarily, on the Large Hadron Collider, based in Geneva, Switzerland. Cranmer popularized a collaborative statistical modeling approach and developed statistical methodology, which was used extensively for the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC in July, 2012. Context_2 : Matthew Benjamin Kleban is an American theoretical physicist who works on string theory and theoretical cosmology. He is an associate professor at New York University, a member of the Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, and a former member at the Institute for Advanced Study. His contributions to physics include: Context_3 : Brian Wecht is a theoretical physicist, comedian, musician, a member of "Game Grumps", as well as the co-founder of "The Story Collider", a live science-based story telling podcast. He plays the character Ninja Brian in the comedy rock musical duo Ninja Sex Party. He attended UCSD for his Ph.D. in particle physics. Wecht held research positions at Harvard University, the Center for Theoretical Physics at MIT, the Institute for Advanced Study, and the University of Michigan, prior to becoming a faculty member at Queen Mary University of London. While there, Wecht worked on string theory, supersymmetry, and quantum field theory. In 2009, he joined Ninja Sex Party with singer Dan Avidan. Six years later, he left his long time career of academics and theoretical physics, with an extensive record of very highly cited contributions, to join the comedy gaming YouTube channel, "Game Grumps". Context_4 : Yasunori Nomura (born 1974) is a theoretical physicist working on particle physics, quantum gravity, and cosmology. He is a Professor of Physics at University of California, Berkeley, a Senior Faculty Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a Principal Investigator at Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe. Since 2015, he has been the Director of the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics. Context_5 : Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking is a 2010 science documentary television mini-series written by British physicist Stephen Hawking. The series was created for Discovery Channel by Darlow Smithson Productions and features computer generated imagery of the universe created by Red Vision. The series premiered on 25 April 2010 in the United States and started on 9 May 2010 in the United Kingdom with a modified title, Stephen Hawking's Universe (not to be confused with the 1997 PBS series by the same name). In the series, Hawking appears on camera but, for the sections where there is voice-over, Benedict Cumberbatch, who played Hawking in a 2004 TV film about the scientist, performs the narration as Hawking himself. Context_6 : Juansher Levan Chkareuli (Georgian: ჯუანშერ ჩქარეული ; born 1940, Tbilisi) is a Georgian theoretical physicist working in particle physics, Professor at Institute of Theoretical Physics of Ilia State University in Tbilisi and Head of Particle Physics Department at Andronikashvili Institute of Physics of Tbilisi State University. Context_7 : Lisa Randall (born June 18, 1962) is an American theoretical physicist working in particle physics and cosmology. She is the Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science on the physics faculty of Harvard University. Her research includes elementary particles, fundamental forces and extra dimensions of space. She studies the Standard Model, supersymmetry, possible solutions to the hierarchy problem concerning the relative weakness of gravity, cosmology of extra dimensions, baryogenesis, cosmological inflation, and dark matter. She contributed to the Randall–Sundrum model, first published in 1999 with Raman Sundrum. Context_8 : Sandip Trivedi (Hindi: सन्दिप त्रिवेदी ) is an Indian theoretical physicist working at Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR) at Mumbai, India, while he is its current Director. He is well known for his contributions to string theory, in particular finding (along with Renata Kallosh, Andrei Linde, and Shamit Kachru) the first models of accelerated expansion of the universe in low energy supersymmetric string. His research areas include string theory, cosmology and particle physics. He is now member of program advisory board of International Center for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS). He is also the recipient of the Infosys Prize 2010 in the category of Physical Sciences. Context_9 : Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe is a documentary television series produced by the television broadcaster Channel 4. The subject of the series is British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, known for his work on black holes, who is also the presenter of the series. The series includes interviews with astrophysicist Kim Weaver, Bernard Carr, a student of Hawking's, and three theoretical physicists: Michio Kaku, Edward Witten, known for his work on superstring theory, and Lisa Randall. The first episode premiered in 2008, twenty years after the publication of Hawking's bestselling popular science book "A Brief History of Time". The title is derived from a "Newsweek" cover, which labeled Hawking "Master of the Universe". Context_10 : François Baron Englert (] ; born 6 November 1932) is a Belgian theoretical physicist and 2013 Nobel prize laureate (shared with Peter Higgs). He is Professor emeritus at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) where he is member of the Service de Physique Théorique. He is also a Sackler Professor by Special Appointment in the School of Physics and Astronomy at Tel Aviv University and a member of the Institute for Quantum Studies at Chapman University in California. He was awarded the 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics (with Gerry Guralnik, C. R. Hagen, Tom Kibble, Peter Higgs, and Robert Brout), the Wolf Prize in Physics in 2004 (with Brout and Higgs) and the High Energy and Particle Prize of the European Physical Society (with Brout and Higgs) in 1997 for the mechanism which unifies short and long range interactions by generating massive gauge vector bosons. He has made contributions in statistical physics, quantum field theory, cosmology, string theory and supergravity. He is the recipient of the 2013 Prince of Asturias Award in technical and scientific research, together with Peter Higgs and the CERN. fact_1 : The series includes interviews with astrophysicist Kim Weaver, Bernard Carr, a student of Hawking's, and three theoretical physicists: Michio Kaku, Edward Witten, known for his work on superstring theory, and Lisa Randall. fact_2 : Lisa Randall (born June 18, 1962) is an American theoretical physicist working in particle physics and cosmology. Question: Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe is a documentary television series produced by the television broadcaster Channel 4, the series includes interviews with which American theoretical physicist working in particle physics and cosmology, and is a Professor of Science on the physics faculty of Harvard University?
Solution: | Lisa Randall | 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Why? From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input: Context_1 : The 2008–09 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team represented the University of Michigan in competitive college basketball during the 2008–09 NCAA Division I season. The 2008–09 season marked the team's ninety-second consecutive season as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) Big Ten Conference. The team finished the season with a 21–14 overall record and a 9–9 conference record. The 9–9 conference record tied for seventh place in the 2008–09 Big Ten conference standings. Michigan was seeded seventh in the single-elimination 2009 Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament where it advanced one round. They were seeded tenth in the South Regional bracket of the single-elimination 2009 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, where it also advanced one round before losing to the Blake Griffin-led Oklahoma Sooners. C.J. Lee and David Merritt served as team co-captains, and Manny Harris and DeShawn Sims shared team MVP honors. Context_2 : The Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team represents Michigan State University (MSU) and competes in the Big Ten Conference of NCAA Division I College basketball. Their home games are played at the Breslin Student Events Center. Tom Izzo has been the head coach since 1995. The Spartans have won two NCAA championships and 13 Big Ten Conference Championships. Their two National Championships came in the 1979 NCAA Tournament and the 2000 NCAA Tournament. The 1979 National Championship Game was the most watched college basketball game in history, with 35.11 million television viewers. The 1979 National Championship team was coached by Jud Heathcote and included tournament MVP Magic Johnson, Greg Kelser and Jay Vincent. The Spartans defeated the previously unbeaten Indiana State Sycamores, led by future Hall of Famer Larry Bird. The 2000 National Championship team defeated the Florida Gators in the final. The team was coached by Tom Izzo and led by players Morris Peterson, Charlie Bell, Jason Richardson and tournament MVP Mateen Cleaves. Context_3 : The 1984–85 Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team represented the University of Oklahoma in competitive college basketball during the 1984–85 NCAA Division I season. The Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team played its home games in the Lloyd Noble Center and was a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) former Big Eight Conference at that time. The team posted a 31–6 overall record and a 13–1 conference record to finish first in the Conference for head coach Billy Tubbs. This was the first Big Eight Conference Tournament Championship and second Conference Regular Season Championship for Tubbs. This was Tubbs' first NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament #1 seed. Context_4 : The 1989–90 Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team represented the University of Oklahoma in competitive college basketball during the 1989–90 NCAA Division I season. The Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team played its home games in the Lloyd Noble Center and was a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) former Big Eight Conference at that time. The team posted a 27–5 overall record and an 11–3 conference record to finish tied for second in the Conference for head coach Billy Tubbs. This was the third Big Eight Conference Tournament Championship for Tubbs and his third NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament #1 seed in a row. The team earned the conference tournament championship competing in a conference in which three teams held the #1 national ranking in consecutive weeks in late February and early March. Context_5 : The Gonzaga–Saint Mary's men's basketball rivalry is an intra-West Coast Conference college basketball rivalry between the Saint Mary's Gaels men's basketball team of Saint Mary's College of California in Moraga, California and the Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team of Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington. Many analysts and members of the media have touted the Gaels vs. Zags as one of the best, if not the best, college basketball rivalry on the West Coast, as both teams have been consistently two of the top three teams in the conference over the last 2 decades. Gonzaga and Saint Mary's have combined to win 19 out of the last 23 conference championship games, including 17 of the last 19 and each of the last nine. The two teams have met a total of 96 times dating back to 1955 and currently meet biannually as a part of WCC conference play, with the potential to play a third game in the WCC Tournament and a fourth in the postseason. As of March 2017, they have met 16 times in the WCC Tournament but have never met in any postseason tournaments beyond the end of conference play. Context_6 : The Kansas Jayhawks, commonly referred to as KU or Kansas, are the athletic teams that represent the University of Kansas. KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that participate in NCAA Division I. The Jayhawks are also a member of the Big 12 Conference. KU athletic teams have won thirteen NCAA Division I championships: five in men's basketball, one in men's cross country, three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, and one in women's outdoor track and field. Context_7 : The 1987–88 Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team represented the University of Oklahoma in competitive college basketball during the 1987–88 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team played its home games in the Lloyd Noble Center and was a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) former Big Eight Conference at that time. The team posted a 35–4 overall record and a 12–2 conference record to earn the Conference title under head coach Billy Tubbs. This was the third Big Eight Conference Regular Season Championship for Tubbs and his second Big Eight Conference Tournament Championship. Context_8 : The Penn–Princeton basketball rivalry is an American college basketball rivalry between the Penn Quakers men's basketball team of the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton Tigers men's basketball team of Princeton University. Having been contested every year since 1903, it is the third oldest consecutively played rivalry in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I history. Unlike many notable college basketball rivalries, such as Carolina–Duke, which involves teams that often both get invited to the same NCAA tournaments, Notre Dame–UCLA, which involves geographically remote teams, Illinois–Missouri, which involves non-conference rivals, or Alabama–Auburn, which takes a back seat to the football rivalry, this is a rivalry of geographically close, conference rivals, who compete for a single NCAA invitation and consider the basketball rivalry more important than other sports rivalries between the schools. A head-to-head contest has been the final regularly scheduled game of the Princeton season every year since 1995. Between 1963 and 2007, Princeton or Penn won or shared the Ivy League conference championship every season except 1986 and 1988. The other seasons in which neither team won or shared the Ivy League title are 1957, 1958, 1962, 2008–10, and 2012-2016. Context_9 : The Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's basketball team is the intercollegiate men's basketball program representing the University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana, United States. The program competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I. On September 12, 2012, Notre Dame announced they would be moving to the Atlantic Coast Conference; they joined the conference on July 1, 2013. The school holds two retroactively awarded national championships in basketball from the Helms Foundation: for the 1927 (19–1 overall record) and 1936 (22–2–1 overall record) seasons. They have also played in the NCAA Tournament 35 times, good for 9th all time, and reached the Final Four in 1978. They are also the first Big East team to go undefeated at home two straight seasons. They play their home games in the Purcell Pavilion at the Edmund P. Joyce Center. Since moving to the Purcell Pavilion in 1968, they have had 44 winning seasons at the Purcell Pavilion, including 5 undefeated seasons at home (1973, 1985, 2006, 2007, and 2010) and have had only 4 losing seasons at the Purcell Pavilion (1971, 1981, 1992, and 1995). Jeff Sagarin and ESPN listed the program 12th in the college basketball all-time rankings in the "ESPN College Basketball Encyclopedia". The Fighting Irish are currently coached by Mike Brey. Context_10 : David Christopher Padgett (born February 13, 1985) is a former American basketball player and interim head men's basketball coach for the Louisville Cardinals. As a college basketball player, he had played for the Kansas Jayhawks before transferring and finishing his career at Louisville. fact_1 : As a college basketball player, he had played for the Kansas Jayhawks before transferring and finishing his career at Louisville. fact_2 : KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that participate in NCAA Division I. fact_3 : The Jayhawks are also a member of the Big 12 Conference. Question: The first college basketball team that David Padgett played for are part of what NCAA conference?
Solution: | Big 12 Conference | 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : SciTech SNAP (System Neutral Access Protocol) is an operating system portable, dynamically loadable, native-size 32-bit/64-bit device driver architecture. SciTech SNAP defines the architecture for loading an operating system neutral binary device driver for any type of hardware device, be it a graphics controller, audio controller, SCSI controller or network controller. SciTech SNAP drivers are source code portable between different microprocessor platforms, and the binary drivers are operating system portable within a particular microprocessor family. Context_2 : In the original S/360 and S/370 architectures, each processor had its own set of I/O channels and addressed I/O devices with a 12-bit "cuu" address, containing a 4-bit channel number and an 8-bit unit (device) number to be sent on the channel bus in order to select the device; the operating system had to be configured to reflect the processor and "cuu" address for each device. The operating system had logic to queue pending I/O on each channel and to handle selection of alternate channels. Initiating an I/O to a channel on a different processor required causing a shoulder tap interrupt on the other processor so that it could initiate the I/O. Context_3 : Ethel May Halls (born November 20, 1882 in California - died September 16, 1967 in Hollywood, California) was an American film and theatre actress for nearly 70 years. After being a Florodora girl she worked for Biograph Studios for several years in films with among others Mary Pickford and Rudolph Valentino. She appeared in many bit parts in Hollywood right up until the 1940s. Context_4 : Operational Flight Trainer (OFT) is a training device, often a flight simulator, intended for general flight training as opposed to specialist tactics and weapons training. An OFT often has a motion platform in order to enable realistic instrument flying (IF) and other procedural training. OFT is a term used particularly by the US Military. A related term is Operational Flight and Tactics Trainer (OFTT), a device more capable than an OFT and designed for tactics training as well. Context_5 : The Nintendo DS or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. The device went on sale in North America on November 21, 2004. The DS, short for "Developers' System" or "Dual Screen", introduced distinctive new features to handheld gaming: two LCD screens working in tandem (the bottom one featuring a touchscreen), a built-in microphone, and support for wireless connectivity. Both screens are encompassed within a clamshell design similar to the Game Boy Advance SP. The Nintendo DS also features the ability for multiple DS consoles to directly interact with each other over Wi-Fi within a short range without the need to connect to an existing wireless network. Alternatively, they could interact online using the now-closed Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection service. Its main competitor was Sony's PlayStation Portable as part of the seventh generation era. It was likened to the Nintendo 64 from the 1990s, which led to several N64 ports such as "Super Mario 64 DS", "Diddy Kong Racing DS", among others. Context_6 : The Time Travelers (a.k.a. Time Trap) is a 1964 science fiction film directed by B-movie director Ib Melchior. It stars Preston Foster, Philip Carey, Merry Anders, Steve Franken, John Hoyt and Delores Wells. The cast also includes superfan Forrest J. Ackerman in one of his many bit roles in science fiction films. The film inspired the 1966 TV series "The Time Tunnel" as well as the 1967 remake "Journey to the Center of Time". The plot involves a group of scientists who find their time-viewing screen allows them to travel through time. American International Pictures released the film as a double feature with "Atragon". Context_7 : The Brian Boru bagpipe was invented and patented in 1908 by Henry Starck, an instrument maker (who also made standard Great Highland Bagpipes), in London, in consultation with William O'Duane. The name was chosen in honour of the Irish king Brian Boru (941–1014), though this bagpipe is not a recreation of any pipes that were played at the time of his reign. The Brian Boru pipe is related to the Great Highland Bagpipe, but with a chanter that adds four to thirteen keys, to extend both the upper and lower ends of the scale, and optionally adds chromatic notes. His original pipes changed the drone configuration to a single tenor drone pitched one octave below the chanter, a baritone drone pitched one fifth below the tenor drone, and a bass drone pitched two octaves below the chanter, following the drone set-up of the Northumbrian Half-long pipes. Some later designs of these pipes reverted to the Great Highland Bagpipe configuration of two tenor drones and one bass drone. The Brian Boru bagpipe was played for a number of years by the pipe band in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, as well as a number of civilian pipe bands. It is still played in Ireland but has lost most of its former popularity. Bagpipe makers in both the United Kingdom and Pakistan still make the chanters. Context_8 : Drone Tactics (昆虫ウォーズ "Konchuu Wars" in Japan) is a turn-based strategy video game developed and published in Japan by Success and published in North America by Atlus for the Nintendo DS, which was released on May 13, 2008. Context_9 : The iron bit, also referred to as a gag, was used by slave masters and overseers as a form of punishment on slaves in the Southern United States. The bit, sometimes depicted as the scold's bridle, uses similar mechanics to that of the common horse bit. The scolds bridle however, is almost always associated with its use on women in the early 17th century and there are very few accounts of the device as a method of torture against black slaves under that particular name. As opposed to the whip, the iron bit lacks the historic, social, and literary symbolic fame that would make information on the use of the iron bit as accessible. Its use throughout history has warranted some attention though, mostly from literary texts. Most notable is Toni Morrison’s novel "Beloved", which gives insight as to the emotional and mental trauma of being subjected to the bit. Even earlier, slave narratives and publications of newspapers and magazines from the 18th century on give evidence of this device being used to torture and punish slaves. Context_10 : Final Fantasy Tactics (ファイナルファンタジータクティクス , Fainaru Fantajī Takutikusu ) is a tactical role-playing game developed and published by Squaresoft (later changed to Square and now Square Enix) for the Sony PlayStation video game console. It is the first game of the "Final Fantasy Tactics" series and was released in Japan in June 1997 and in the United States in January 1998. The game combines thematic elements of the "Final Fantasy" video game series with a game engine and battle system unlike those previously seen in the franchise. In contrast to other 32-bit era "Final Fantasy" titles, "Final Fantasy Tactics" uses a 3D, isometric, rotatable playing field, with bitmap sprite characters. fact_1 : Drone Tactics (昆虫ウォーズ "Konchuu Wars" in Japan) is a turn-based strategy video game developed and published in Japan by Success and published in North America by Atlus for the Nintendo DS, which was released on May 13, 2008. fact_2 : The Nintendo DS or simply, DS, is a 32-bit dual-screen handheld game console developed and released by Nintendo. Question: How many bit is the device that Drone Tactics is played on?
[A]: 32bit
[Q]: Context_1 : The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i kemi" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, who died in 1896. These prizes are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, van 't Hoff received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_2 : The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years. Context_3 : This is a list of Danish Nobel laureates. Since the Nobel Prize was established per the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, 12 of the prize winners have been from Denmark. The first Danish Nobel laureate was Niels Ryberg Finsen, who won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1903 for his work in using light therapy to treat diseases. The most recent Danish Nobel Prize winner was Jens Skou who won the prize in chemistry for his discovery over the enzyme, Na+/K+-ATPase in 1997. To date, of the 13 Nobel Prizes won by Danish people, 5 have been for medicine, 3 have been for physics, 3 have been for literature, 1 has been for chemistry and one has been for peace. Context_4 : Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Context_5 : The Leverhulme Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every three years "for an outstandingly significant contribution in the field of pure or applied chemistry or engineering, including chemical engineering". It was created in 1960 after a donation by the Leverhulme Trust to mark the 300-year anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Society, and is accompanied by a £2000 gift. Since its creation it has been awarded 17 times, and unlike other Royal Society medals such as the Royal Medal, it has never been awarded to a woman or to the same person multiple times. Citizens of the United Kingdom have won the medal 16 out of the 17 times; the only foreign recipient was Man Mohan Sharma, an Indian citizen who was awarded the medal in 1996 "for his work on the dynamics of multi-phase chemical reactions in industrial processes". Two of the Leverhulme Medal winners also won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Archer John Porter Martin, who won the medal in 1963 for "his distinguished and fundamental discoveries in chromatography and its application" and the Nobel Prize in 1952, and Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, who won the medal in 1960 for "his outstanding contributions to physical chemistry" and the Nobel Prize in 1956. Context_6 : Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation equations underpinning Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity. Context_7 : The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists and doctors in the various fields of physiology or medicine. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members and an executive secretary elected by the Karolinska Institute. While commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Medicine, Nobel specifically stated that the prize be awarded for "physiology or medicine" in his will. Because of this, the prize can be awarded in a broader range of fields. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, von Behring received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2008. In 2013, the prize was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof; they were recognised "after discovering how cells precisely transport material". The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_8 : The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_9 : Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_10 : The Wien effect is the experimentally-observed increase in ionic mobility or conductivity of electrolytes at very high gradient of electrical potential. A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_1 : A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_2 : He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Question: A theoretical explanation of the Wien effect has been proposed by a man awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in what year?
[A]: 1968
[Q]: Context_1 : Ceratozamia is a genus of New World cycads in the family Zamiaceae. The genus contains 27 known currently living species and one or two fossil species. Most species are endemic to mountainous areas of Mexico, while few species extend into the mountains of Guatemala, Honduras and Belize. The genus name comes from the Greek "ceras", meaning horn, which refers to the paired, spreading horny projections on the male and female sporophylls of all species. Context_2 : Banksiamyces is a genus of fungi in the order Helotiales, with a tentative placement in the family Helotiaceae. The genus contains four species, which grow on the seed follicles of the dead infructescences or "cones" of various species of "Banksia", a genus in the plant family Proteaceae endemic to Australia. Fruit bodies of the fungus appear as small (typically less than 10 mm diameter), shallow dark cups on the follicles of the "Banksia" fruit. The edges of dry fruit bodies fold inwards, appearing like narrow slits. The first specimens of "Banksiamyces", known then as "Tympanis toomansis", were described in 1887. Specimens continued to be collected occasionally for almost 100 years before becoming examined more critically in the early 1980s, leading to the creation of a new genus to contain what was determined to be three distinct species, "B. katerinae", "B. macrocarpus", and "B. toomansis". A fourth species, "B. maccannii", was added in 1984. Context_3 : Megalurus is a genus of passerine bird in the family Locustellidae. The genus was once placed in the Old World warbler "wastebin" family Sylviidae. The genus contains six species also known as the typical grassbirds. The genus is distributed from northern China and Japan, to India in the west, and Australia in the south, with most species being located wholly or partly in the tropics. The genus is also sometimes considered to include the genus "Bowdleria", which holds the fernbirds of New Zealand. The most widespread species, the tawny grassbird, ranges from the Philippines to southern New South Wales, whereas the Fly River grassbird is restricted to swampland in the southern part of New Guinea. The natural habitat of the typical grassbirds is, as the name suggests, wet grasslands, swamps and other marshlands. Some species exist away from water in tall grasslands, heathlands, and forest clearings. Some species have adapted to the margins of rice fields and gardens. Context_4 : The following is a list of some notable species of the agaric genus "Amanita". This genus contains over 500 named species and varieties, but the list is far from exhaustive. The list follows the classification of subgenera and sections of "Amanita" outline by Corner and Bas; Bas, as used by Tulloss (2007) and modified by Redhead & al. (2016) for "Amanita" subgenus "Amanitina" and Singer for "Amanita" section "Roanokenses". Bolding of the species name and an asterisk (*) following indicates the species is the type species of that section, with a double asterisk (**) indicating the type species of the entire genus. Use of common names follows Tulloss (2007), Holden (2003), Arora (1986), and Lincoff (1981). Context_5 : Asarina is a flowering plant genus of only one species, Asarina procumbens, the trailing snapdragon, which is native to southern Europe. Originally placed in the Scrophulariaceae (figwort family), the genus has more recently been moved to the Plantaginaceae (plantain family). Species from North America formerly placed in the genus "Asarina" are now placed in "Holmgrenanthe", "Lophospermum", "Mabrya" and "Maurandya", as well as "Neogaerrhinum". "Asarina" is now regarded as exclusively an Old World genus. Context_6 : Pachyornis is an extinct genus of ratites from New Zealand which belonged to the moa family. Like all ratites it was a member of the order Struthioniformes. The Struthioniformes are flightless birds with a sternum without a keel. They also have a distinctive palate. This genus contains three species, and are part of the Anomalopteryginae or lesser moa subfamily. "Pachyornis" moa were the stoutest and most heavy-legged genus of the family. The most notable species being "Pachyornis elephantopus" - the Heavy-Footed Moa. They were generally similar to the Eastern Moa or the Broad-billed moa of the genus "Euryapteryx", but differed in having a pointed bill and being more heavyset in general. At least one species ("P. australis") is assumed to have had a crest of long feathers on its head. The species became rapidly extinct following human colonization of New Zealand, with the possible exception of "P. australis", which may have already been extinct by then. Context_7 : The Calyptocephalellidae are a family of toads found in Chile containing two genera, "Calyptocephalella" and "Telmatobufo". The "Calyptocephalella" genus contains one species, "C. gayi", the helmeted water toad, which is a large aquatic toad weighing up to 0.5 kg . The "Telmatobufo" genus contains four species, "T. australis", "T. bullocki", "T. ignotus", and "T. venustus". All species within the family are considered threatened, with "T. bullocki" and "T. venustus" being classified as critically endangered. Context_8 : Wigandia is a genus of flowering plants within the waterleaf subfamily, Hydrophylloideae. They are found mainly in Central America and South America, though one or two species are found as far north as the United States. Some are grown as ornamental plants and will flourish in most Mediterranean or temperate regions. The genus is named for Johann Wigand (ca. 1523-1587), German Lutheran cleric and theologian, and Bishop of Pomesania. Context_9 : Leptofoenus is a genus of wasp in the family Pteromalidae, the type genus subfamily Leptofoeninae found in South, Central, and southern North America. The genus contains five living species and one extinct species known from early Miocene Burdigalian stage Dominican amber deposits on the island of Hispaniola. With body sizes ranging from 11 - "Leptofoenus" species are larger than nearly all other species in Pteromalidae. The genus bears a notable resemblance to the wasp families Pelecinidae, Gasteruptiidae, and Stephanidae. Context_10 : Lophodermium is a genus of fungi within the family Rhytismataceae. The genus contains 145 species and has a global distribution. Species of this genus are usually observed producing zone lines, conidiomata and ascomata on dead fallen leaves, but at least some are known to colonize living leaves. In many cases they then live inside the colonized leaf as a symptomless endobiont, where they are regarded as detritivores utilising dead plant matter. In a few cases they may kill all or part of the leaf prematurely, and there is a substantial literature dealing with those species as plant pathogens. The genus infects many different plant families but with a notable concentration in the family Pinaceae; many "Lophodermium" species are restricted to a single host genus (or even species), but some, particularly those infecting grasses, may infect several genera. Some are economically important plant pathogens, such as those that cause needlecast disease in European Black Pine, Scots Pine and Red Pine in forestry and christmas tree plantations. In these species, notably "L. pinastri" and "L. seditiosum", the fungal spores disperse and infect the pine needles in late summer, which turn brown by the following spring and then fall off. fact_1 : Asarina is a flowering plant genus of only one species, Asarina procumbens, the trailing snapdragon, which is native to southern Europe. fact_2 : Wigandia is a genus of flowering plants within the waterleaf subfamily, Hydrophylloideae. fact_3 : Some are grown as ornamental plants and will flourish in most Mediterranean or temperate regions. Question: Which genus contains more species, Asarina or Wigandia?
[A]: | Wigandia
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : A curse (also called an imprecation, malediction, execration, malison, anathema, or commination) is any expressed wish that some form of adversity or misfortune will befall or attach to some other entity: one or more persons, a place, or an object. In particular, "curse" may refer to such a wish or pronouncement made effective by a supernatural or spiritual power, such as a god or gods, a spirit, or a natural force, or else as a kind of spell by magic or witchcraft; in the latter sense, a curse can also be called a hex or a jinx. In many belief systems, the curse itself (or accompanying ritual) is considered to have some causative force in the result. To reverse or eliminate a curse is sometimes called "removal" or "breaking", and is often believed to require elaborate rituals or prayers. Context_2 : A Solo 401(k), (also known as a Self Employed 401(k) or Individual 401(k)), is a 401(k) qualified retirement plan for Americans that was designed specifically for employers with no full-time employees other than the business owner(s) and their spouse(s). The general 401(k) plan gives employees an incentive to save for retirement by allowing them to designate funds as 401(k) funds and thus not have to pay taxes on them until the employee reaches retirement age. In this plan, both the employee and his/her employer may make contributions to the plan. The Solo 401(k) is unique because it only covers the business owner(s) and their spouse(s), thus, not subjecting the 401(k) plan to the complex ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) rules, which sets minimum standards for employer pension plans with non-owner employees. Self-employed workers who qualify for the Solo 401(k) can receive the same tax benefits as in a general 401(k) plan, but without the employer being subject to the complexities of ERISA. Context_3 : Terry Neese is an entrepreneur, public policy strategist, women's equality advocate, and award-winning small business owner. She has been a mentor to women nationally and globally in their careers and political involvement. Neese has created several non-profit organizations and businesses, and has been involved with state and federal legislation. In 1990, Neese was the first woman nominated by a major political party for lieutenant governor of Oklahoma. Neese has spent time in Afghanistan mentoring the women there and advocating for their right to equality in both business and political spheres. She is also a wife, mother, licensed pilot, and a member of the Ninety-Nines. Context_4 : Billion Dollar Buyer is an American reality TV show starring American business owner, Tilman Fertitta, CEO and owner of Landry's, Inc. Each hour-long episode features Fertitta traveling the nation to sample new and innovative hospitality products. Small business owners compete to impress the business mogul and land the "deal of a lifetime" - the opportunity to partner with Landry's, Inc., as a supplier to Fertitta's over 50 leading Landry's restaurants, hotels, and entertainment brands. Context_5 : Jason White (born June 19, 1980) is an American former college football quarterback who played for the University of Oklahoma, was recognized as a unanimous All-American, and won the Heisman Trophy in 2003. White is currently a business owner in Oklahoma. Context_6 : Small business financing (also referred to as startup financing or franchise financing) refers to the means by which an aspiring or current business owner obtains money to start a new small business, purchase an existing small business or bring money into an existing small business to finance current or future business activity. There are many ways to finance a new or existing business, each of which features its own benefits and limitations. In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007–08, the availability of traditional types of small business financing dramatically decreased. At the same time, alternative types of small business financing have emerged. In this context, it is instructive to divide the types of small business financing into the two broad categories of traditional and alternative small business financing options. Context_7 : An absentee business owner is one who does not personally manage the business he owns, or who does not live in the community in which the business operates. Studies show that money spent locally re-circulates in the community three times as much as it does when it is spent with an absentee-owned business. Local currency has been implemented in some communities as a countermeasure to this effect. Neighborhood investment, in which members of the community are given opportunities to become partial owners of new developments, is another method. In Brazil, studies found that more than a third of the profits generated from tourism were exported to absentee business owners. In Vietnam, the economic expansion of the 1990s was associated with a rise in absentee business owners. There has also been concern that tourism profits in southern Africa go to absentee business owners. Context_8 : We Mean Business was an American reality television series that aired on the A&E cable network starting in September 6, 2008. The program featured three regular experts: "Business Expert" Bill Rancic, a former contestant on "The Apprentice"; "Tech Expert" Katie Linendoll; and "Design Expert" Peter Gurski. In each episode, the three experts helped a struggling small business owner turn his or her business around by improving business practices and enhancing the marketing of the business. Notably, the program was sponsored by Dell, which provided all of the new technical equipment given to the businesses. Context_9 : A home business (or "home-based business" or "HBB") is a small business that operates from the business owner's home office. In addition to location, home businesses are usually defined by having a very small number of employees, usually all immediate family of the business owner, in which case it is also a family business. Home businesses generally lack shop frontage, customer parking and street advertising signs. Such businesses are sometimes prohibited by residential zoning regulations. Context_10 : The Heisman curse is a term coined to reference a two-part assertion of a negative future for the winning player of the Heisman Trophy. The "curse" supposes that any college football player who wins the Heisman plays on a team that will likely lose its subsequent bowl game. The trend of post-award failure has garnered the attention of the mainstream media. Talk of a curse in relation to bowl results was particularly prevalent from 2003 to 2008, when six Heisman Trophy winners compiled a cumulative 1–5 bowl game record, and five of those six led number one ranked teams into the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) National Championship Game as favorites (Heisman Trophy winners, including Reggie Bush, who gave back his Heisman Trophy, are 4–8 overall in the BCS National Championship Game and College Football Playoff National Championship, although prior to 2009 they were 1–6). Additionally, the Heisman curse asserts that in most cases a Heisman winner will have either a poor career in the National Football League (NFL), or in fact not even see such a football career at all. Although many Heisman winners have not enjoyed success at the professional level, including players like Matt Leinart, Andre Ware, Jason White, Rashaan Salaam, Eric Crouch, Ty Detmer, Troy Smith and Gino Torretta, proponents of the "curse" rarely cite highly successful players such as Barry Sanders, Charles Woodson, Eddie George, Tim Brown, Bo Jackson, Marcus Allen, Earl Campbell, and Tony Dorsett among the notables. fact_1 : Although many Heisman winners have not enjoyed success at the professional level, including players like Matt Leinart, Andre Ware, Jason White, Rashaan Salaam, Eric Crouch, Ty Detmer, Troy Smith and Gino Torretta, proponents of the "curse" rarely cite highly successful players such as Barry Sanders, Charles Woodson, Eddie George, Tim Brown, Bo Jackson, Marcus Allen, Earl Campbell, and Tony Dorsett among the notables. fact_2 : White is currently a business owner in Oklahoma. Question: Who is a business owner in Oklahoma who was considered to have fallen to the Heisman curse?
Ex Output:
White is currently a business owner in Oklahoma.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Andreas Nikolaus "Niki" Lauda (born 22 February 1949) is an Austrian former Formula One driver and a three-time F1 World Drivers' Champion, winning in 1975, 1977 and 1984. He is currently the only driver to have been champion for both Ferrari and McLaren, the sport's two most successful constructors. More recently an aviation entrepreneur, he has founded and run two airlines (Lauda Air and Niki). He is also Bombardier Business Aircraft brand ambassador. He was also a consultant for Scuderia Ferrari and team manager of the Jaguar Formula One racing team for two years. He is currently working as a pundit for German TV during Grand Prix weekends and acts as non-executive chairman of the Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team. Lauda owns 10% of the team. Context_2 : The 1984 British Grand Prix (formally the XXXVII John Player British Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 22 July 1984 at Brands Hatch, Kent, England. It was the tenth round of the 1984 Formula One season. The 71-lap race was won by Niki Lauda in a McLaren-TAG, with local driver Derek Warwick second in a Renault and Ayrton Senna third in a Toleman-Hart. Context_3 : The 1985 Dutch Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Circuit Zandvoort on 25 August 1985. It was the eleventh round of the 1985 FIA Formula One World Championship. The race was held over 70 laps of the four kilometre circuit for a race distance of 298 kilometres. The race also proved to be the 34th and last Dutch Grand Prix and the 25th and last Grand Prix victory for triple World Champion Niki Lauda, driving a McLaren-TAG. Lauda's team-mate Alain Prost was second, with Brazilian racer Ayrton Senna third in his Lotus-Renault. Context_4 : Formula One, abbreviated to F1, is the highest class of open-wheeled auto racing defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), motorsport's world governing body. The "formula" in the name refers to a set of rules to which all participants and cars must conform. The F1 world championship season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix, held usually on purpose-built circuits, and in a few cases on closed city streets. Drivers are awarded points based on their position in each race, and the driver who accumulates the most points over each calendar year is crowned that year's World Champion. As of the 2017 Singapore Grand Prix, there have been 970 FIA World Championship races since its first event, the 1950 British Grand Prix. Context_5 : Formula One, abbreviated to F1, is the highest class of open-wheeled auto racing defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), motorsport's world governing body. The "formula" in the name refers to a set of rules to which all participants and cars must conform. The F1 World Championship season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix, held usually on purpose-built circuits, and in a few cases on closed city streets. The polesitter is the driver that has qualified for a Grand Prix in pole position, at the front of the starting grid. Drivers are awarded points based on their position at the end of each race, and the driver who accumulates the most points over each calendar year is crowned that year's World Champion. Out of 970 completed Grands Prix (as of the 2017 Singapore Grand Prix), the driver that has qualified on pole position has gone on to win the race 407 times. Context_6 : The 1957 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 20 July 1957 at the Aintree Circuit, near Liverpool. It was the tenth British Grand Prix and it was race 5 of 8 in the 1957 World Championship of Drivers. The race was won by Stirling Moss and Tony Brooks, who shared driving duties in a Vanwall. It was the third and final time that a Grand Prix had been won by two drivers in a shared car. This was the first occasion that a British-built car won a World Drivers' Championship race, a feat achieved with two British drivers at their home Grand Prix. Context_7 : The 1982 South African Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Kyalami on 23 January 1982. The prelude to the race was notable for a strike action by the Grand Prix Drivers' Association, led by Niki Lauda and Didier Pironi, in protest at the new superlicence conditions imposed by FISA, which would have tied the drivers to a single team for up to three years. A late compromise was reached and the race went ahead. The drivers were subsequently fined between US$5,000 and US$10,000 and handed suspended race bans; however, the FIA Court of Appeal later reduced the penalties and criticised FISA's handling of the dispute. Context_8 : The 1982 British Grand Prix (formally the XXXV Marlboro British Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held at Brands Hatch on 18 July 1982. It was the tenth race of the 1982 Formula One season. The 76-lap race was won by McLaren driver Niki Lauda after he started from fifth position. Didier Pironi finished second for the Ferrari team with his teammate Patrick Tambay third. Context_9 : Formula One, abbreviated to F1, is the highest class of open-wheeled auto racing defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), motorsport's world governing body. The "formula" in the name refers to a set of rules to which all participants and cars must conform. The F1 world championship season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix, held usually on purpose-built circuits, and in a few cases on closed city streets. The most famous Grand Prix is the Monaco Grand Prix in Monte Carlo. Each winner is presented with a trophy and the results of each race are combined to determine two annual Championships, one for drivers and one for constructors. Context_10 : The 1984 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 9 September 1984. The race, contested over 51 laps, was the fourteenth race of the 1984 Formula One season and was won by Niki Lauda, driving a McLaren-TAG, with local drivers Michele Alboreto and Riccardo Patrese second and third in a Ferrari and an Alfa Romeo respectively. With team-mate Alain Prost retiring, Lauda opened up a 10.5-point lead over the Frenchman in the Drivers' Championship. fact_1 : The 1984 British Grand Prix (formally the XXXVII John Player British Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 22 July 1984 at Brands Hatch, Kent, England. fact_2 : The 71-lap race was won by Niki Lauda in a McLaren-TAG, with local driver Derek Warwick second in a Renault and Ayrton Senna third in a Toleman-Hart. fact_3 : Andreas Nikolaus "Niki" Lauda (born 22 February 1949) is an Austrian former Formula One driver and a three-time F1 World Drivers' Champion, winning in 1975, 1977 and 1984. Question: The 1984 British Grand Prix was won by Niki Lauda, who was a three-time F1 World Drivers' Champion, winning in what 3 years?
Ex Output:
1975, 1977 and 1984
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Queen Alexandra; she was a younger sister of King George V. She was the sixth daughter of a British monarch to be styled Princess Royal. Context_2 : Duke of Fife is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom which has been created twice, in both cases for Alexander Duff, 6th Earl Fife, who in 1889 married Louise, Princess Royal, the eldest daughter of the future King Edward VII. Context_3 : Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Context_4 : The statue of George V in Old Palace Yard, Westminster, London, is a sculpture of George V, King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India. The statue was sculpted prior to the Second World War and was hidden in a quarry during the war years. Other locations were suggested for the statue, including Parliament Square, but it was unveiled opposite the House of Lords in 1947. Context_5 : Duff House Royal Golf Club in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, was founded in 1910. It was founded as the Duff House Golf Club and became the Duff House Royal Golf Club after subsequently receiving royal patronage, at the request of Princess Louise, Dowager Duchess of Fife, in 1925. Context_6 : George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936. Context_7 : Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Empress of India as the wife of King-Emperor George V. Context_8 : James George Alexander Bannerman Carnegie, 3rd Duke of Fife (23 September 1929 – 22 June 2015) was a British landowner, farmer and peer. He was the grandson of Louise, Princess Royal, a daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom. As a female-line great-grandson of a British sovereign, he did not carry out royal or official duties or receive any funds from the Civil List. He was the second cousin of Queens Elizabeth II and Margrethe II and King Harald V of Norway. Through his maternal grandfather, he was also a descendant of King William IV and Dorothea Jordan. Context_9 : George VI (1895–1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions from 1936 to 1952 and Emperor of India from 1936 to 1948. Context_10 : The SS "Princess Louise" was a 331-foot steamship, named in honor of Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, Queen Victoria's sister. The ship was part of the Canadian Pacific Railway's "Princess" fleet, the coastal counterparts to CPR's "Empress" fleet of passenger liners which sailed on trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes. The ships of the British Columbia Coast Steamships came to be called "pocket liners" because they offered on smaller vessels the superior class of service, splendid amenities and luxurious decor equal to great ocean liners. fact_1 : Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Queen Alexandra; she was a younger sister of King George V. fact_2 : Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. Question: Who was the parent of Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, that ruled over the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and India until 1910?
Ex Output:
| Edward VII
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : London Can Take It! is a short British propaganda film from 1940, which shows the effects of eighteen hours of the German blitz on London and its people. Intended to sway the US population in favour of Britain's plight, it was produced by the GPO Film Unit for the British Ministry of Information and distributed throughout the United States by Warner Bros.. The film was directed by Humphrey Jennings and Harry Watt, and narrated by US war correspondent Quentin Reynolds. Context_2 : Aventure Malgache (1944) is a short British propaganda film in French directed by Alfred Hitchcock for the British Ministry of Information. The title means "Malagasy Adventure" in English. Context_3 : Words for Battle (aka by its original title In England Now) is a British propaganda film produced by the Ministry of Information's Crown Film Unit in 1941. It was written and directed by Humphrey Jennings, and features seven sequences, each containing images of rural and urban Britain at war overlaid with audio commentary by Laurence Olivier, reciting passages from different English literary works and speeches. Context_4 : Builders is a 1942 British propaganda film, which outlines the importance of the work of builders during the Second World War. It was produced by Ian Dalrymple at the Crown Film Unit of the Ministry of Information, and directed by Pat Jackson. Context_5 : Millions Like Us is a 1943 British propaganda film, showing life in a wartime aircraft factory in documentary detail. It starred Patricia Roc, Eric Portman, Megs Jenkins, Gordon Jackson and Anne Crawford, was written and directed by Sidney Gilliat and Frank Launder. According to the British Film Institute database, this film is the first in an "unofficial trilogy", along with "Two Thousand Women" (1944) and "Waterloo Road" (1945). Context_6 : Bukowski is a 1973 documentary film produced by Taylor Hackford and directed by Richard Davies that follows Los Angeles poet Charles Bukowski to San Francisco for a poetry reading. The full 60-minute documentary begins with footage of Bukowski in his Los Angeles home and neighborhood as he discusses his history as a postal worker as well as his approach to and perspective on poetry. The film then shows him flying with Linda King to San Francisco for the poetry reading followed by interactions with attendees after the show. One night the window of his room is broken during a fight between some guests and then a fight between Charles and Linda causes her to leave. Interviews follow with Liza and Linda about their relationship with Charles. Bukowski is shown betting at the track and explaining his betting strategy. Context_7 : Freedom Radio (a.k.a. "A Voice in the Night") is a 1941 British propaganda film directed by Anthony Asquith and starring Clive Brook, Diana Wynyard, Raymond Huntley and Derek Farr. It is set in Nazi Germany during the Second World War and concerns an underground German resistance group who run a radio station broadcasting against the totalitarian Third Reich. Context_8 : Squadron 992 is a 23-minute 1940 British propaganda film produced by the General Post Office GPO Film Unit of the Ministry of Information and re-distributed by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) as part of their wartime "Canada Carries On" series. The film was directed by Harry Watt and produced by Alberto Cavalcanti. "Squadron 992" describes the training and operations in 1940 of No. 992 (Barrage Balloon) Squadron RAF, a Royal Air Force (RAF) barrage balloon unit stationed in the United Kingdom. The film's French version title was "Escadrille 992". Context_9 : Britain at Bay (aka Britain on Guard in other countries) is a 1940 British propaganda film produced by the General Post Office GPO Film Unit of the Ministry of Information The film was written and narrated by noted author and political commentator J. B. Priestly. Context_10 : The Battle of London is a 15-minute British propaganda film made in 1941. It chronicles the impact on the capital city of the winter bombing campaign from 7 September 1940 to 10 May 1941 which German historians consider to be the second phase of the Battle of Britain and which both contemporary parlance and subsequent British historians have always called the Blitz. fact_1 : London Can Take It! fact_2 : is a short British propaganda film from 1940, which shows the effects of eighteen hours of the German blitz on London and its people. fact_3 : Bukowski is a 1973 documentary film produced by Taylor Hackford and directed by Richard Davies that follows Los Angeles poet Charles Bukowski to San Francisco for a poetry reading. Question: What s a short British propaganda film from 1940, London Can Take It! or Bukowski ?
[EX A]: London Can Take It!
[EX Q]: Context_1 : Robert Harold Bredl (born 18 July 1950) in Renmark, South Australia is an Australian documentary film-maker, a reptile specialist and owner of the "Blue Planet Wildlife Park" (near Airlie Beach, Queensland). He became known through his many documentaries, such as "Killer Instinct" (53 episodes), "Deadly Predators" (10 episodes), as well as "The Barefoot Bushman" series (8 episodes). His documentaries are being shown on TV stations in more than 45 countries worldwide. Rob's documentaries have so far been translated into 36 languages. His best known documentary "Kissing Crocodiles" is being shown in over 100 countries worldwide on Discovery Channel and National Geographic. Context_2 : Two months before the release of their fifth full-length album, "Year Zero", industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails began a new tour, officially called Performance 2007. The tour initially started off as a 'best-of' tour (since no songs from "Year Zero" were played at the first few days) but later transformed into a direct "Year Zero" support tour. Context_3 : Zero Patience is a 1993 Canadian musical film written and directed by John Greyson. The film examines and refutes the urban legend of the alleged introduction of HIV to North America by a single individual, Gaëtan Dugas. Dugas, better known as Patient Zero, was tagged in the popular imagination with the blame in large measure because of Randy Shilts's history of the early days of the AIDS epidemic, "And the Band Played On" (1987). The film tells its story against the backdrop of a romance between a time-displaced Sir Richard Francis Burton and the ghost of "Zero" (the character is not identified by Dugas' name). Context_4 : Ric Esther Bienstock is a Canadian documentary filmmaker best known for her investigative documentaries. She was born in Montreal, Quebec and studied at McGill University. She has produced and directed an eclectic array of films from investigative social issue documentaries like "Sex Slaves", an investigation into the trafficking of women from former Soviet Bloc Countries into the global sex trade and "Ebola: Inside an Outbreak" which took viewers to ground zero of the Ebola outbreak in Zaire - to lighter fare such as "Penn & Teller’s Magic and Mystery Tour". Context_5 : Killer's Paradise is a 2007 documentary exploring the high murder rate of women that has persisted unsolved in Guatemala since the end of the Guatemalan Civil War. The film is a co-production of the National Film Board of Canada and the BBC and was directed by Toronto-based journalist and filmmaker Giselle Portenier. It premiered on 8 March 2007 in Toronto and has been broadcast on multiple channels around the world, including in the United States. Context_6 : Fate/Zero (Japanese: フェイト/ゼロ , Hepburn: Feito/Zero ) is a Japanese light novel written by Gen Urobuchi, illustrated by Takashi Takeuchi, and is a prequel to all routes in Type-Moon's visual novel, "Fate/stay night". "Fate/Zero" is set ten years before the events of "Fate/stay night", and tells the story of the Fourth Holy Grail War, a secret magical tournament held in Fuyuki City, Japan where seven magicians known as Masters summon Servants, reincarnations of legendary souls and heroes from all across time, where they fight in a deadly battle royale where the winner obtains the Holy Grail, a magical legendary chalice capable of granting wishes. The main protagonist, Kiritsugu Emiya, the foster father of "Fate/stay night"'s protagonist, Shirō Emiya, is known as a merciless mage killer who joins the tournament on behalf of his wife's family, the Einzberns. Context_7 : Zero Days is a 2016 American documentary film directed by Alex Gibney. It was selected to compete for the Golden Bear at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival. Context_8 : The United States Army Air Assault School, officially the Sabalauski Air Assault School (TSAAS), is a FORSCOM TDA unit located at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Its primary task is training leaders and soldiers assigned to the 101st Airborne Division (AASLT), other United States Army units and United States Armed Forces service members in several courses annually. The school is named for Command Sergeant Major Walter James Sabalauski. Air Assault School is known as the ten toughest days in the United States Army and the dropout rate is around 50 percent. Approximately 15 percent of the class does not make it through the challenging Zero day which includes the demanding obstacle course. An average of approximately 30-40 students fail the course of those who make it past "Zero" day. Of those who fail after Zero day, many typically don't make it through the sling load testing in phase two. Context_9 : Gō Takamine (高嶺 剛 , Takamine Gō ) (born 12 November 1948, Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture) is a Japanese director of fiction films, documentaries and experimental films. Born on Ishigaki Island and raised in Naha, Takamine went to university in Kyoto and there began making 8mm films. He made his feature film debut with "Paradise View" (1985) and won a number of awards for "Untamagiru" (1989), including the Caligari Film Award at the Berlin Film Festival, the best feature film award at the Hawaii International Film Festival, the Golden Montgolfiere at the Three Continents Festival, and the Hochi Film Award. That film also earned him the Directors Guild of Japan New Directors Award. Other works include the feature-length video "Tsuru-Henry" (1998) and documentaries on Okinawan performers such as Rinshō Kadekaru. His films have centered on the politics of Okinawan history and cultural identity, particularly by using the Okinawan language, music and folk legends. Context_10 : Dias Melhores (Portuguese for ""Better Days"") is a compilation album by Brazilian rock band Zero, released in 2004 by Voiceprint Records. It is composed of many songs and rarities Zero recorded during the beginning of their career, approximately between 1984 and 1985, and as such it is one of the few registers of their first ever line-up, comprising vocalist Guilherme Isnard, guitarists Fabio Golfetti and Nelson Coelho, drummer Cláudio Souza, bassist Beto Birger and saxophonist Gilles Eduar. Isnard would be the band's only founding member to remain in Zero's many different line-ups. fact_1 : Zero Days is a 2016 American documentary film directed by Alex Gibney. fact_2 : Killer's Paradise is a 2007 documentary exploring the high murder rate of women that has persisted unsolved in Guatemala since the end of the Guatemalan Civil War. Question: Are Zero Days and Killer's Paradise both documentaries?
[EX A]: yes
[EX Q]: Context_1 : David Martin McIntosh (born June 8, 1958) is an American attorney and Republican Party politician who served as the U.S. Representative for Indiana's 2nd congressional district from 1995 to 2001. McIntosh was the Republican nominee for Governor of Indiana in 2000, losing to Democratic incumbent Frank O'Bannon. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination in Indiana's 5th congressional district in 2012. In December 2014, McIntosh was named the president of the Club for Growth, a fiscally conservative 501(c)4 organization. Context_2 : Mark Eugene Amodei (born June 12, 1958) is an American politician who has been the United States Representative for Nevada's second congressional district since 2011. Amodei, a Republican, previously served in the Nevada Assembly from 1997 to 1999 and in the Nevada Senate, representing the Capital District, from 1999 to 2010. After public office as state Senator, he served as chairman of the Nevada Republican Party until May 2011, when he stepped down in order to pursue the Republican nomination for Congress. Amodei was the Republican candidate for the special election held on September 13, 2011, to replace Dean Heller in Nevada's second congressional district. Context_3 : The 1st Congressional District of New York is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in eastern Long Island. It includes most of Central and Eastern Suffolk County, including most of Smithtown, as well as the entirety of the towns of Brookhaven, Riverhead, Southold, Southampton, East Hampton, and Shelter Island. The district encompasses extremely wealthy enclaves such as the Hamptons, middle class suburban towns such as Selden, Centereach and Lake Grove, working-class neighborhoods such as Mastic, Shirley, and Riverhead and rural farming communities such as Mattituck and Jamesport on the North Fork. The district currently is represented by Republican Lee Zeldin. In the 2014 election, Zeldin defeated Democrat Tim Bishop, who had represented the district since 2003. Context_4 : Timothy Floyd Burchett (born August 25, 1964) is an American Republican politician, currently the mayor of Knox County, Tennessee. He previously served in Tennessee General Assembly, first in the Tennessee House of Representatives and later in the Tennessee State Senate, in which he represented Tennessee's District 7, part of Knox County. On August 5, 2010, Burchett was elected mayor of Knox County, replacing Mike Ragsdale. Burchett is currently a candidate for the Republican nomination for Tennessee's 2nd congressional district in the 2018 elections, with the incumbent John Duncan Jr. retiring. Context_5 : Bruce Lee Poliquin (born November 1, 1953) is an American businessman and politician. A Republican, he represents Maine's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. Poliquin was elected to his seat in the 2014 general election. From 2010 to 2012, he was the Maine State Treasurer. He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate in 2012, finishing second in the primary election. In January 2017 at the start of the 115th United States Congress, Poliquin is the only Republican representing a House district in New England. Context_6 : Howard R. Lind (born October 3, 1957) is a retired U.S. Navy commander, former Special Assistant in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, former 10th Congressional District Republican chairman, was a 2014 candidate for the U.S. Senate in Virginia, and a 2014 candidate for the Republican nomination in Virginia's 10th Congressional District. Context_7 : Terri McCormick is a former Wisconsin State Representative who represented the 56th district in the northeastern part of the state from 2000 until 2007. She unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination in Wisconsin's 8th congressional District in 2006, losing to John Gard. McCormick again failed to secure the Republican nomination in 2010, garnering 18% of the vote and losing to both Roger Roth (32%) and the primary winner, Reid Ribble (48%). Since then she has become an author, political commentator, and public relations consultant. Context_8 : George Demos is a former United States Securities and Exchange Commission prosecutor, and was a candidate for the Republican nomination for New York's 1st congressional district on New York State's Long Island. Context_9 : Alan Schlesinger (born January 4, 1958) is an American attorney, entrepreneur, politician and member of the Republican Party from the State of Florida. He has previously served as the Mayor of Derby, Connecticut from 1994 to 1998 and as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1981 to 1993. He ran three unsuccessful campaigns for the Republican nomination in Connecticut 's 5 congressional district : in 1984, 1990 and 1998. He was the Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2006, finishing third with 9.6%, behind incumbent Senator Joe Lieberman, who won with 49.7% and Democrat Ned Lamont, who took 39.7%. After his defeat, Schlesinger moved to Florida and considered running for Congress from there in 2008 and 2010. In 2013, he announced that he was running in Florida 's 18 congressional district , in the 2014 elections. In 2014, he finished in second place for the Republican nomination behind Carl J. Domino. Context_10 : Rocco M. Clarizio (December 17, 1916 – August 24, 1990) was an American Republican Party politician from Newark, New Jersey. He ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1964 and for the New Jersey State Senate in 1977, but lost both times in the Republican primary. In 1964, Clarizio became a candidate for Congress in New Jersey’s 10th district, seeking to challenge Democratic incumbent Peter W. Rodino. In a historic primary where he was the only white candidate, Clarizio finished third behind two Black Republicans, William L. Stubbs and Dr. Harold R. Scott. Stubbs, who became the first Black to win a major party nomination for Congressman from New Jersey, won 5,148 (63%) to 2,217 (26%) for Scott, with Clarizio finishing third with 892 votes (11%). In 1977, Clarizo sought the Republican nomination for State Senator in the 28th legislative district, where Democratic incumbent Martin L. Greenberg was seeking re-election to a second term. The GOP primary included three candidates, each aligned with a different candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor: Rev. James A. Pindar ran on a line with Assembly Minority Leader Thomas Kean; Joan Lacey Mazauskas ran with State Sen. Raymond Bateman, and Clarizio was allied with former Senate Minority Leader C. Robert Sarcone. Pindar defeated Mazauskas by just 207 votes, 1,482 (42.04%) to 1,275 (36.17%), while Clarizio ran a distant third with 768 votes (21.79%). fact_1 : George Demos is a former United States Securities and Exchange Commission prosecutor, and was a candidate for the Republican nomination for New York's 1st congressional district on New York State's Long Island. fact_2 : The district currently is represented by Republican Lee Zeldin. Question: Who currently represents the congressional district for which George Demos was a candidate for the Republican nomination?
[EX A]: | Lee Zeldin
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Who's That Knocking at My Door, originally titled I Call First, is a 1967 drama film, written and directed by Martin Scorsese, in his feature film directorial debut. and Harvey Keitel's debut as an actor. Exploring themes of Catholic guilt similar to those in his later film "Mean Streets", the story follows Italian-American J.R. (Keitel) as he struggles to accept the secret hidden by his independent and free-spirited girlfriend (Zina Bethune). Context_2 : Patrizia von Brandenstein (born April 15, 1943) is an American production designer. She was the first woman to win an Academy Award for production design and has been nominated for two more in the category Best Art Direction. She has shown versatility in creating sets for both lavish historical films and glossy contemporary fare. Context_3 : The 3rd Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards were held on September 28, 1993 and were hosted by Eric Bogosian. At the ceremony, Martin Scorsese was honoured with a Career Tribute with Harvey Keitel, John Guare, Patrizia von Brandenstein and David Brown receiving the other individual awards. Context_4 : Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore is a 1974 American comedy drama film directed by Martin Scorsese and written by Robert Getchell. It stars Ellen Burstyn as a widow who travels with her preteen son across the Southwestern United States in search of a better life, along with Alfred Lutter as her son and Kris Kristofferson as a man they meet along the way. This is Martin Scorsese's fourth film. The film co-stars Billy "Green" Bush, Diane Ladd, Valerie Curtin, Lelia Goldoni, Lane Bradbury, Vic Tayback, Jodie Foster (in one of her earliest film appearances), and Harvey Keitel. Context_5 : Detachment Brandenstein was a unit commanded by German Baron Otto von Brandenstein. The 3,000 man unit which fought in the Finnish Civil War by landing at Loviisa April 7, 1918. Its assigned mission was to cut the Reds' railway connections by attacking to the East, thus cutting the railway between Helsinki and Viipuri. The major operation for Detachment Brandenstein was the Battle of Lahti in 19 April – 1 May. Context_6 : David Brown (July 28, 1916 February 1, 2010) was an American film and theatre producer and writer who was best known for coproducing the 1975 film Jaws based on the best-selling novel by Peter Benchley. Context_7 : Otto Freiherr von Brandenstein (21 October 1865 – 8 May 1945) was a German officer. He joined the Prussian Army in 1885 and was promoted to oberstleutnant in 1913. During the World War I, Brandenstein served in the Western Front as a staff officer under the command of the generals Gustav Freiherr von Hollen and Eberhard von Claer. Context_8 : The 7th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 9 and September 18, 1982. The festival paid tribute to Martin Scorsese, who attended along with Robert De Niro, Robert Duvall and Harvey Keitel. Scorsese also participated in Q&A at the festival, with Roger Ebert and Gene Siskel. Context_9 : Street Scenes, also known as Street Scenes 1970 is a documentary directed by Martin Scorsese. It documents two protest rallies against the Vietnam War that took place in May 1970: the Hard Hat Riot on Wall Street in New York City and Kent State/Cambodia Incursion Protest in Washington, D.C. The numerous camera operators do impromptu interviews with the protestors and the spectators. The New York protest turns violent as protestors were attacked by construction workers who supported the war. The Washington protest is peaceful. At the end, Scorsese, Harvey Keitel, Jay Cocks and Verna Bloom discuss the events and the current state of world affairs. Oliver Stone was one of the many camera operators. Context_10 : Mean Streets is a 1973 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese and co-written by Scorsese and Mardik Martin. The film stars Harvey Keitel and Robert De Niro. It was released by Warner Bros. on October 2, 1973. De Niro won the National Society of Film Critics award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as John "Johnny Boy" Civello. fact_1 : At the ceremony, Martin Scorsese was honoured with a Career Tribute with Harvey Keitel, John Guare, Patrizia von Brandenstein and David Brown receiving the other individual awards. fact_2 : David Brown (July 28, 1916 February 1, 2010) was an American film and theatre producer and writer who was best known for coproducing the 1975 film Jaws based on the best-selling novel by Peter Benchley. Question: What was the person who received the other individual awards along with Martin Scorsese, Harvey Keitel, John Guare, and Patrizia von Brandenstein known for coproducing?
Ex Output:
the 1975 film Jaws
Ex Input:
Context_1 : The Shreds are an indie rock band based in Nevada City, California. Their debut CD, "Stranger", was released in June 2009, produced by five-time Academy Award nominated motion picture sound editor, Michael Herbick. The band members are Dylan Rodrigue (vocals & guitar), Blake Severn (vocals & bass) and Griffin Meyer (drums). As winners of the 2008 Sacramento News & Reviews' Jammies competition, The Shreds were selected by Sacramento producer & musician David Houston for a 25-hour recording project. In March 2009 they won the John Lennon Educational Bus Battle for the Bus in Sacramento, winning a full-day recording project using their state-of-the-art mobile audio/video recording studio recording the "A Very Dark Green" music video. They were also nominated in 2009 for a Sacramento News & Reviews Sammies Award (Outstanding Teen Band category). Context_2 : Escape the Fate is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2005 and originally from Pahrump, Nevada. The group consists of Robert Ortiz (drummer), Craig Mabbitt (lead vocalist), TJ Bell (rhythm guitarist, bassist and vocalist), Kevin "Thrasher" Gruft (lead guitarist, bassist, backing vocalist) and touring musician Max Georgiev (bassist). The group was founded by original vocalist Ronnie Radke, bassist Max Green and lead guitarist Monte Money. The band has had 10 official members and 5 touring members and throughout 2010-2013 had a fluctuating lineup, and has recorded 5 album with 4 different studio lineups. Context_3 : The Replacements were an American rock band formed in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1979. Initially a punk rock band, they are considered pioneers of alternative rock. The band was composed of the guitarist and vocalist Paul Westerberg, guitarist Bob Stinson, bass guitarist Tommy Stinson and drummer Chris Mars for most of its career. Following several acclaimed albums, including "Let It Be" and "Tim", Bob Stinson left the band in 1986, and Slim Dunlap joined as lead guitarist. Steve Foley replaced Mars in 1990. Towards the end of the band's career, Westerberg exerted more control over the creative output. The group disbanded in 1991, with the members eventually pursuing various projects. A reunion was announced on October 3, 2012. The Replacements never had significant commercial success, except for "I'll Be You", which hit number 1 on the "Billboard" Alt Rock chart, but they influenced numerous alternative rock acts. Context_4 : Escape the Fate is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2005 and originally from Pahrump, Nevada. They are signed to Eleven Seven Music. The group consists of Robert Ortiz (drummer), Craig Mabbitt (lead vocalist), TJ Bell (rhythm guitarist and vocalist), Kevin "Thrasher" Gruft (lead guitarist) and touring musician Max Georgiev (bassist). s of 2013 , Ortiz is the last founding member in the current lineup of the group. Context_5 : Panic! at the Disco is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2004 and featuring the current lineup of vocalist Brendon Urie, accompanied on tour by bassist Dallon Weekes, guitarist Kenneth Harris and drummer Dan Pawlovich. Founded by childhood friends Ryan Ross, Spencer Smith, Brent Wilson and Urie, Panic! at the Disco recorded its first demos while its members were in high school. Shortly after, the band recorded and released its debut studio album, "A Fever You Can't Sweat Out" (2005). Popularized by the second single, "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", the album was certified double platinum in the US. In 2006, founding bassist Brent Wilson was fired from the band during an extensive world tour and subsequently replaced by Jon Walker. Context_6 : The Academy Is... was an American rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 2003. Before disbanding, they were signed by the Decaydance imprint of the Fueled by Ramen label. They were originally known as "The Academy", but added the "Is..." in 2004 to avoid legal complications with other established bands already under that name. The band released three studio albums, "Almost Here", "Santi", and "Fast Times at Barrington High", and four EPs. The band announced its break-up on 8 October 2011. In May 2015, lead singer William Beckett announced that the band would reunite at Riot Fest 2015 in Chicago. In addition the core members of the band Beckett, Mike Carden and Adam Siska, as well as Andy Mrotek and Ian Crawford (both of whom had not originally been part of the band), reunited for a farewell tour that took place during December 2015. Context_7 : Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman. The band first gained exposure in 2012 with the releases of their debut studio album "Night Visions" and its first single "It's Time". "Billboard" placed them at the top of their "Year In Rock" rankings for 2013, and named them their "Breakthrough Band of 2013". "Rolling Stone" named their single "Radioactive" from "Night Visions" the "biggest rock hit of the year", and MTV called them "the year's biggest breakout band". "Night Visions" peaked at number two on the weekly US "Billboard" 200 chart and the UK Albums Chart. The band's second studio album "Smoke + Mirrors" was released in 2015, and reached number one in the US, Canada and the UK. After touring for their sophomore record, the band took a brief hiatus to focus on their personal lives. During the latter half of 2016, they began recording their third studio album, "Evolve", released in 2017. While all three albums were commercially successful, critical reception was mixed. Context_8 : The Big F was an American rock band that was formed in Los Angeles, California in 1988 by guitarist Mark Christian and former members of Berlin, bassist and vocalist John Crawford and drummer Rob Brill. Context_9 : Ian Miles Crawford (born September 29, 1988) is an American musician and vocalist born in Eugene, Oregon. He is most prominently known being a guitarist and backing vocalist for groups including The Cab, Panic! at the Disco, Never Shout Never, and The Academy Is... In 2016, he founded the rock and roll group The Contestants, which released their debut studio album, "No Contest", in May 2016. Context_10 : Tremonti is an American heavy metal band founded and fronted by lead vocalist and guitarist Mark Tremonti, best known as the guitarist of the American rock band Creed, and the lead guitarist of American rock band Alter Bridge. The band also consists of rhythm guitarist Eric Friedman and drummer Garrett Whitlock. Bassist Wolfgang Van Halen was in the band between 2012 to 2017. What originally started as a Mark Tremonti solo project evolved into a fully fledged band after the release of the group's first album, "All I Was", in July 2012. That album featured Tremonti himself playing guitar in addition to lead vocals, and the band was joined by Tremonti's Creed and Alter Bridge bandmate Brian Marshall playing bass on tour until his departure later that year. He was replaced by Van Halen bassist Wolfgang Van Halen, who contributed to the band's second album, "Cauterize", which was released on June 9, 2015. The band also has another album, entitled "Dust", in April 2016, serving as a continuation to "Cauterize". fact_1 : He is most prominently known being a guitarist and backing vocalist for groups including The Cab, Panic! fact_2 : at the Disco, Never Shout Never, and The Academy Is... In 2016, he founded the rock and roll group The Contestants, which released their debut studio album, "No Contest", in May 2016. fact_3 : at the Disco is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2004 and featuring the current lineup of vocalist Brendon Urie, accompanied on tour by bassist Dallon Weekes, guitarist Kenneth Harris and drummer Dan Pawlovich. Question: Ian Crawford has been a guitarist for the American rock band from what Nevada city?
Ex Output:
Las Vegas
Ex Input:
Context_1 : The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is a Major League Baseball (MLB) rivalry between the New York Yankees and Boston Red Sox. The two teams have competed in MLB's American League (AL) for over 100 seasons and have since developed one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports. In 1919, Red Sox owner Harry Frazee sold star player Babe Ruth to the Yankees, which was followed by an 86-year period in which the Red Sox did not win a World Series. This led to the popularization of a superstition known as the "Curse of the Bambino", which was one of the most well-known aspects of the rivalry. Context_2 : The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts. The Red Sox compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. The Red Sox have won eight World Series championships and have played in twelve. Founded in 1901 as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox' home ballpark has been Fenway Park since 1912 . The "Red Sox" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around 1908 , following the lead of previous teams that had been known as the "Boston Red Stockings", including the forerunner of the Atlanta Braves. Context_3 : Jeffrey Allen Wallace (born April 12, 1976) is a retired Major League Baseball pitcher. He played during four seasons at the major league level for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Tampa Bay Devil Rays. He was drafted by the Kansas City Royals in the 25th round of the 1995 amateur draft. Wallace, played his first professional season with their Rookie league GCL Royals in , and split his last season between the Boston Red Sox's Class-A (Advanced) Sarasota Red Sox and Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox, in . He works at TJ Sports bar on wheeling 2 miles from oglebay park Context_4 : Scott Kendrick Cooper (born October 13, 1967) is a former Major League Baseball third baseman who played for the Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, and Kansas City Royals during the 1990s. Context_5 : Luis Felipe "Puchy" Delgado Robles (born February 2, 1954 in Hatillo, Puerto Rico) is a retired professional baseball player who spent seven seasons in professional baseball, including part of a season (1977) in Major League Baseball with the Seattle Mariners. He played 13 games in his one-year major league career, and had hits in 22 at-bats, with two runs batted in (RBIs). Over his minor league career, Delgado played for the Class-A Winter Haven Red Sox, the Class-A Winston-Salem Red Sox, the Triple-A Rhode Island Red Sox, and the Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox in the Boston Red Sox organization; the Triple-A San Jose Missions in the Seattle Mariners organization; the Triple-A Omaha Royals in the Kansas City Royals organization; and the Triple-A Wichita Aeros in the Chicago Cubs organization. In 765 career minor league games, Delgado batted .261 with 729 hits, 89 doubles, 33 triples, and 17 home runs. Context_6 : The 2013 Boston Red Sox season was the 113th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. Under new manager John Farrell, the Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 97 wins and 65 losses. In the postseason, the Red Sox first defeated the AL wild card Tampa Bay Rays in the ALDS. In the ALCS, the Red Sox defeated the American League Central champion Detroit Tigers in six games. Advancing to the World Series, the Red Sox defeated the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals in six games, to capture the franchise's eighth championship overall and third in ten years. The Red Sox became the second team to win the World Series the season after finishing last in their division; the first had been the 1991 Minnesota Twins. Amazing postseasons offensively from David Ortiz and Jacoby Ellsbury helped lead the way along with great pitching from Jon Lester, John Lackey and Jake Peavy. Context_7 : The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006. With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings, and established them as charter members of the American Association (AA) the following season. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892; at that time, they were called the Browns and the Perfectos before they were officially renamed as the Cardinals in 1900. Context_8 : The 2014 Boston Red Sox season was the 114th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished last in the five-team American League East with a record of 71 wins and 91 losses, 25 games behind the Baltimore Orioles. It was the second last-place finish for the team in three years, and they were the second defending World Series champions to finish last in their division, the first having been the 1998 Florida Marlins. They also became the first MLB team to finish last in one season, win the World Series the next, and finish last again the following season. Context_9 : Kevin Edmund Youkilis ( ; born March 15, 1979), also known as "Youk" , is an American former professional baseball first baseman and third baseman, who primarily played for the Boston Red Sox. A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, he was drafted by the Red Sox in 2001, after playing college baseball at the University of Cincinnati. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Red Sox, the Chicago White Sox, and the New York Yankees. He is currently a special assistant to the Chicago Cubs and former Red Sox GM Theo Epstein. Context_10 : The Boston Red Sox are a professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts. The Red Sox are members of the American League (AL) East Division in Major League Baseball (MLB). There have been 44 different managers in their franchise history; four during the era of the Boston Americans (1901–1907) and the rest under the Boston Red Sox (1908–present). In baseball, the head coach of a team is called the manager, or more formally, the field manager. Since 1912, the Red Sox have played their home games at Fenway Park. fact_1 : Scott Kendrick Cooper (born October 13, 1967) is a former Major League Baseball third baseman who played for the Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, and Kansas City Royals during the 1990s. fact_2 : The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. Question: What MLB team did Scott Cooper play for, besides the Red Sox and Royals?
Ex Output:
| St. Louis Cardinals
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Eltingville (also referred to as The Eltingville Club) is the name given to a series of comics created by Evan Dorkin. The series ran in his comic books "Dork" and "House of Fun" before it received a two-issue run through Dark Horse Comics in 2014. "Eltingville" was adapted into a pilot for Cartoon Network's Adult Swim programming block in 2002, but was not picked up for an official series. The series has won three Eisner Awards, beginning with the 1995 story "Bring Me the Head of Boba Fett". Of the series' title, Dorkin chose to name the series "Eltingville" after Eltingville, Staten Island, where he worked off and on in a comic book store for six years. Context_2 : Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil is an American computer-animated television series aired by the Adult Swim programming block of Cartoon Network. It was written and directed by Loren Bouchard, produced by Bouchard, Seth Green and Josh Piezas and animated by Fluid Animation. It starred Melissa Bardin Galsky as Lucy, the daughter of the Devil, who is voiced by H. Jon Benjamin. Context_3 : Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is the adult-oriented nighttime programming block of American children's cable network, Cartoon Network, that operates daily from 8:00 pm to 6:00 am, Eastern and Pacific Time. It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two other programming blocks for Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi. The block gets its name from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults. Context_4 : This article contains episode summaries for the American animated television series "12 oz. Mouse". All episodes aired on the Adult Swim programming block on Cartoon Network. Context_5 : China, IL (meaning China, Illinois) is an American animated television series created by Brad Neely for the Adult Swim programming block on Cartoon Network. The series takes place at The University of China, Illinois, dubbed the "Worst College in America" and located at the edge of town. The school's poor reputation is celebrated by the school's uncaring faculty and staff, constantly shown drinking while teaching and/or trying to avoid teaching altogether. Context_6 : Jessi Ruth Klein (born August 17, 1975) is an American comedy writer and stand-up comic based out of New York City. Klein has regularly appeared on shows such as "The Showbiz Show with David Spade" and VH1's "Best Week Ever" and has performed stand-up on Comedy Central's "Premium Blend". She provided commentary for CNN in the debates of the 2004 presidential election. A self-proclaimed "geek", Klein has appeared on the television specials for "My Coolest Years: Geeks" on VH1 and "Rise of the Geeks" on E!. Klein also provided the voice of Lucy in the animated pilot for Adult Swim's "Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil". Context_7 : Animation Domination High-Def (also called Animation Domination HD, Fox ADHD, and ADHD) is a late-night programming block broadcast by Fox. Originally premiering on July 21, 2013 as a spin-off of the Fox network's Sunday-night "Animation Domination" block, the block originally focused on new, original adult animation series—similarly in style to Adult Swim. The ninety-minute block and its content were primarily produced by Friends Night, a studio headed by Adult Swim alumni Nick Weidenfeld, Hend Baghdady, and creative director Ben Jones (who also created "The Problem Solverz" for Cartoon Network)—including its programs, along with interstitials and other content featured during its programming. Context_8 : The second season of the animated sitcom "Home Movies" aired in the United States on the television network Cartoon Network from January 6 to March 31, 2002. The season aired on the network's Adult Swim programming block, every Sunday and Thursday night at 9:00 p.m. Central time and 10:00 p.m. Eastern time. Co-creators Brendon Small and Loren Bouchard, along with Tom Snyder, served as the executive producers for the season. Small and Bill Braudis acted as writers for the season, while Bouchard was director for each episode. Context_9 : Sealab 2021 is an American adult animated television series created by Adam Reed and Matt Thompson. It was shown on Cartoon Network's late-night programming block, Adult Swim. Cartoon Network aired the show's first three episodes in December 2000 before the official inception of the Adult Swim channel on September 2, 2001, with the final episode airing on April 25, 2005. "Sealab 2021" is a spin-off of "Space Ghost Coast to Coast", and is one of the four original Williams Street series that premiered in 2000 before Adult Swim officially launched, the others being "Aqua Teen Hunger Force", "The Brak Show" and "Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law". Context_10 : The third season of the animated television series "Rick and Morty" originally aired in the United States on Cartoon Network's late night programming block, Adult Swim. It premiered with "The Rickshank Rickdemption," which aired unannounced on April 1, 2017 and was replayed every half hour from 8pm to 12am ET, as part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' prank. The episode was also simulcast as a looping live stream on Adult Swim's site. The remaining episodes began airing on July 30, 2017. The season will feature a total of 10 episodes. fact_1 : Klein also provided the voice of Lucy in the animated pilot for Adult Swim's "Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil". fact_2 : Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil is an American computer-animated television series aired by the Adult Swim programming block of Cartoon Network. Question: Jessi Ruth Klein played in many rolls throughout the years. Lucy, the Daughter of the Devil was aired by the Adult Swim Programming block of what channel?
Ex Output:
Cartoon Network
Ex Input:
Context_1 : The Singular Life of Albert Nobbs (French: "La Vie singulière d'Albert Nobbs") is a play by French author Simone Benmussa. Based on a novella by George Moore, the drama tells the story of a 19th-century woman who disguises herself as a man to avoid poverty. The role of Albert Nobbs was originated by French actress Juliet Berto. The drama premiered in November 1977 at the Théâtre d'Orsay in Paris. Context_2 : Rose Hobart is a 1936 experimental collage film created by the artist Joseph Cornell, who cut and re-edited the Universal film "East of Borneo" (1931) into one of America's most famous surrealist short films. Cornell was fascinated by the star of "East of Borneo," an actress named Rose Hobart, and named his short film after her. The piece consists of snippets from "East of Borneo" combined with shots from a documentary film of an eclipse. Context_3 : The Chocolate Girl (French: La petite chocolatière) is a 1927 French silent film directed by René Hervil and starring Dolly Davis, Simone Mareuil and Luitz-Morat. It is based on the play of the same name by Paul Gavault, which has been made into several films. Context_4 : Benjamin Castaldi (born 28 March 1970) is a French television personality of Italian as well as Polish-Jewish descent through his maternal grandmother (the actress Simone Signoret) and the former host of "Secret Story", the spinoff of "Loft Story" which are the French adaptations of "Big Brother". He currently hosts "Nouvelle Star", the French adaptation of "Pop idol". Context_5 : Simone Mareuil (] ; 25 August 1899 – 24 October 1954) was a French actress best known for appearing in the surrealist film "Un Chien Andalou". Context_6 : Antonio Mercero (born 7 March 1936) is a Spanish director of the series Verano azul and later Farmacia de guardia. He is best known as the director of a 1972 surrealist short horror film titled "La cabina", that won an Emmy Award. His 1998 film "A Time for Defiance" was entered into the 21st Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Special Silver St. George. In 2010 he was awarded a Honorary Goya Award (Goya de Honor). Context_7 : The 66th Cannes Film Festival took place in Cannes, France, from 15 to 26 May 2013. Steven Spielberg was the head of the jury for the main competition. New Zealand film director Jane Campion was the head of the jury for the Cinéfondation and Short Film sections. French actress Audrey Tautou hosted the opening and closing ceremonies. Actress Kim Novak was named guest of honour and introduced a new restored version of Alfred Hitchcock's "Vertigo". Context_8 : Heart of Paris (French: Coeur de Paris) is a 1932 French film directed by Jean Benoît-Lévy and Marie Epstein and starring Simone Mareuil, Blanche Beaume and Jimmy Gaillard. Context_9 : Un Chien Andalou (] , An Andalusian Dog) is a 1929 silent surrealist short film by the Spanish director Luis Buñuel and artist Salvador Dalí. It was Buñuel's first film and was initially released in 1929 with a limited showing at Studio des Ursulines in Paris, but became popular and ran for eight months. Context_10 : Simone Le Bargy, (April 3, 1877 – October 17, 1985), born Pauline Benda but better known by her stage and pen name, Madame Simone, was a French actress and woman of letters. fact_1 : Simone Mareuil (] ; 25 August 1899 – 24 October 1954) was a French actress best known for appearing in the surrealist film "Un Chien Andalou". fact_2 : Un Chien Andalou (] , An Andalusian Dog) is a 1929 silent surrealist short film by the Spanish director Luis Buñuel and artist Salvador Dalí. Question: Who directed the surrealist short film which featured French actress Simone Mareuil?
Ex Output:
Luis Buñuel
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Zlatitsa (Bulgarian: Златица ) is a town and the seat of the Zlatitsa Municipality in southern Bulgaria located in the Zlatitsa-Pirdop valley. It lies between Stara Planina to the north and Sredna Gora to the south at 680 m above sea level. It is situated immediately south in the lap of the Zlatitsa -Teteven Mountain. Zlatitsa is situated 75 km east of Sofia, 27 km south of Etropole, 32 km north of Panagiurishte, 2 km west of Pirdop and 32 km northwest of Koprivshtitsa. The population is 5,286. Context_2 : The Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge is a planned construction project to connect two major cities on the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China: the city of Shenzhen on the eastern side of the PRD, and the city of Zhongshan on the western side. It will consist of a series of bridges and tunnels, starting from Bao'an International Airport on the Shenzhen side. The proposed 51 km eight-lane link is scheduled to be completed in 2021 and is expected to cost around US$4.83 billion. It will be located about 27 km downriver from the Humen Bridge, the only current bridge crossing of the delta, and some 32 km north of the new Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge, which is currently under construction and will link the cities of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macau at the southern end of the PRD, scheduled for completion in 2016. Context_3 : Tolderol is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 67 km south of the Adelaide city centre, 32 km north-east of the centre of Goolwa and 32 km northeast of the centre of Murray Bridge on the west coastline of Lake Alexandrina. Context_4 : Gryfino County (Polish: "powiat gryfiński" ) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Gryfino, which lies 20 km south of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains five other towns: Chojna, 32 km south of Gryfino, Mieszkowice, 52 km south of Gryfino, Trzcińsko-Zdrój, 33 km south of Gryfino, Cedynia, 45 km south-west of Gryfino, and Moryń, 44 km south of Gryfino. Context_5 : The Helix Bridge, officially The Helix, and previously known as the Double Helix Bridge, is a pedestrian bridge linking Marina Centre with Marina South in the Marina Bay area in Singapore. It was officially opened on 24 April 2010 at 9 pm; however, only half was opened due to ongoing construction at the Marina Bay Sands. It is located beside the Benjamin Sheares Bridge and is accompanied by a vehicular bridge, known as the Bayfront Bridge. The entire bridge was opened on 18 July 2010 to complete the entire walkway around Marina Bay. Context_6 : The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge (HKZMB) () is an ongoing construction project which consists of a series of bridges and tunnels crossing the Lingdingyang channel that will connect Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai, three major cities on the Pearl River Delta in China, the final tunnel joint having been installed on the 2nd of May, 2017. The 50 km link is expected to cost US$10.6 billion (HK$83 billion). With its length, it would become one of the landmarks within the area. The longest bridge section will be 29.6 km long and will include three cable-stayed spans between 280 and . Context_7 : Andrićgrad (, meaning "Andrić's town") is the name of an ongoing construction project located in Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina by director Emir Kusturica. The town is dedicated to Yugoslav novelist Ivo Andrić, Nobel prize winner. Context_8 : The construction of Arlington Memorial Bridge was a seven-year construction project in Washington, D.C., in the United States to construct the Arlington Memorial Bridge across the Potomac River. The bridge was authorized by Congress in February 1925, and was completed in January 1932. As a memorial, its decorative features were extensive and intricate, and resolving the design issues over these details took many years. Tall columns and pylons topped by statuary, Greek Revival temple-like structures, and statue groups were proposed for the ends of the bridge. Carvings and inscriptions were planned for the sides of the bridge, and extensive statuary for the bridge piers. Context_9 : The World Trade Center Vehicle Security Center and Tour Bus Parking Facility, or simply the Vehicular Security Center (VSC), is a secure complex for truck delivery and underground parking at the World Trade Center. The entrance to the VSC will be located at street-level along the southern-edge of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum on Liberty Street. The VSC will be connected via underground tunnels that feed the entire 16 acre WTC complex, linking the security checkpoint at its entrance with the buildings and services at the complex requiring vehicular services. Underground garages will provide parking for tenants, visitors, and tour buses. The underground complex and the checkpoint is completed, but it has not yet opened due to the ongoing construction of the WTC. It will open once the surrounding construction of the WTC is finished. Context_10 : The Alpaslan-2 Dam is an embankment dam currently under construction on the Murat River in Muş Province, Turkey. The dam is located about 32 km north of the provincial capital, Muş. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and irrigation. Its power station will have an installed capacity of 280 MW and the reservoir will help irrigate 78000 ha of land. Enerjisa Power Generation Inc. acquired the license for the power station from Özışık İnsaat & Enerji in April 2011 and Yenigün Construction started excavating the diversion tunnels May 2012. The diversion tunnels are expected to be complete by the end of 2012. In late May 2013 Pöyry was awarded the detailed design of the dam, power station, spillway and switch yard. Enerjisa expects the project to be complete in 2016. fact_1 : The Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge is a planned construction project to connect two major cities on the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China: the city of Shenzhen on the eastern side of the PRD, and the city of Zhongshan on the western side. fact_2 : It will be located about 27 km downriver from the Humen Bridge, the only current bridge crossing of the delta, and some 32 km north of the new Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge, which is currently under construction and will link the cities of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macau at the southern end of the PRD, scheduled for completion in 2016. fact_3 : The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge (HKZMB) () is an ongoing construction project which consists of a series of bridges and tunnels crossing the Lingdingyang channel that will connect Hong Kong, Macau and Zhuhai, three major cities on the Pearl River Delta in China, the final tunnel joint having been installed on the 2nd of May, 2017. Question: What is the name of this ongoing construction project, which consists of a series of bridges and tunnels and located some 32 km south of the planned Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge?
Ex Output:
| Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : Theodore Roosevelt IV (June 14, 1914 – May 2, 2001), commonly known as Theodore Roosevelt III (although the fourth to bear the same name), was a banker, government official, veteran of World War II, and the grandson of President Theodore Roosevelt through his father, Brig. Gen. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., a politician and World War II military leader, and Eleanor Butler Alexander. Context_2 : Theodore Roosevelt VI (born circa 1976), known as Theodore Roosevelt V, is an American businessman and environmentalist. Theodore is a great-great-grandson of 26th US President Theodore Roosevelt and through his ancestor Cornelius Van Schaack, Jr., he is a descendant of the Schuyler family. Context_3 : Joe Wiegand (born April 15, 1965) is an impersonator who has portrayed U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt in all fifty U.S. states, after a career as a political consultant. Wiegan performed at the White House on October 27, 2008 as part of the celebration of the 150th anniversary of Roosevelt's birth. He also modeled for a new Theodore Roosevelt sculpture commissioned the American Museum of Natural History. Wiegand is also a member and contributor to Theodore Roosevelt Association. Context_4 : Nicholas Roosevelt (June 12, 1893 – February 1982) was an American diplomat and journalist. A member of the Roosevelt family and first-cousin once removed of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, he was born in New York City to James West Roosevelt, a brother of Hilborne Roosevelt, and Laura Henrietta d'Oremieulx. Brought up in Oyster Bay, New York, he graduated from Harvard University in 1914. He was an attaché at the American Embassy in Paris, secretary to the American mission to Spain in 1916 and 17, vice-governor of the Philippine Islands in 1930, and U.S. minister to Hungary from 1930 to 1933. He was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a writer for its journal "Foreign Affairs", and a foreign correspondent and editorial writer for the New York Times and New York Herald Tribune from 1921 to 1946. A prolific author, his autobiography, "A Front Row Seat" (1953), offers a critical view of Franklin D. Roosevelt, a distant cousin, and an inside view of the New York Times. "Theodore Roosevelt" (1967) drew on Nicholas Roosevelt's unique childhood recollections, his father having been a close friend of Theodore. He was married to Tirzah Gates, the daughter of California State Senator Egbert Gates. Her sister, Dorothy Gates, was the first wife of eminent astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky. He remained lifelong friends with Fritz Zwicky. He lived in Big Sur, California in later life. Context_5 : Brian Keith (born Robert Alba Keith, November 14, 1921 – June 24, 1997) was an American film, television, and stage actor who in his six-decade-long career gained recognition for his work in movies such as the Disney family film "The Parent Trap" (1961), the comedy "The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming" (1966), and the adventure saga "The Wind and the Lion" (1975), in which he portrayed President Theodore Roosevelt. Context_6 : Desert Hell is a 1958 American adventure film directed by Charles Marquis Warren and written by Charles Marquis Warren and Endre Bohem. The film stars Brian Keith, Barbara Hale, Richard Denning, Johnny Desmond, Phillip Pine and Richard Shannon. The film was released on June 25, 1958, by 20th Century Fox. Context_7 : Theodore Roosevelt Lake (usually called Roosevelt Lake, sometimes Lake Roosevelt) is a large reservoir formed by Theodore Roosevelt Dam on the Salt River in Arizona as part of the Salt River Project (SRP). Located roughly 80 miles (130 km) northeast of Phoenix in the Salt River Valley, Theodore Roosevelt is the largest lake or reservoir located entirely within the state of Arizona (Lake Mead and Lake Powell are larger but both are located partially within the neighboring states of Nevada and Utah respectively). Both the reservoir and the masonry dam that created it, Roosevelt Dam, were named for U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt who dedicated the dam himself in March 1911. Roosevelt Lake is a popular recreation destination within the Tonto National Forest, as such the facilities located at this lake are managed by that authority. Context_8 : USS "Theodore Roosevelt" (SSBN-600), a "George Washington"-class submarine , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for President Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919). Initially unnamed and assigned hull classification symbol SSGN-600 as a guided missile submarine, her keel was laid down on 20 May 1958 by the Mare Island Naval Shipyard using components initially assembled for the "Skipjack"-class submarine nuclear attack submarine . She was named "Theodore Roosevelt" and redesignated fleet ballistic missile submarine SSBN-600 on 6 November 1958, launched on 3 October 1959 sponsored by Mrs. Alice Roosevelt Longworth (1884–1980), daughter of the ship's namesake, and commissioned on 13 February 1961 with Commander William E. Sims commanding the Blue Crew and Commander Oliver H. Perry, Jr. commanding the Gold Crew. Context_9 : Tweed Roosevelt (born February 28, 1942) is the great-grandson of President Theodore Roosevelt via Roosevelt's son Archie. He is Chairman of Roosevelt China Investments, a Boston firm. He occasionally lectures and writes on the topic of his great-grandfather. He is the President of the Board of Trustees of the Theodore Roosevelt Association. Context_10 : The Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia is a comprehensive project to publish, in one collection, the significant sayings, important conversations and writings (less his letters) of the 26th President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt. Originally conceived by Dr. Albert Bushnell Hart, a history professor at Harvard University, a personal friend of Roosevelt and member of the Roosevelt Memorial Association, now known as the Theodore Roosevelt Association, Hart's goal was, in his words, to "present in alphabetical arrangement, extracts sufficiently numerous and comprehensive to display all the phases of (Theodore) Roosevelt's activities and opinions as expressed by him." A primitive on-line version of the original work is also maintained by the TRA. Online but quite primitive version of the Cyclopedia at the Theodore Roosevelt Association web site with no look-up features fact_1 : Desert Hell is a 1958 American adventure film directed by Charles Marquis Warren and written by Charles Marquis Warren and Endre Bohem. fact_2 : The film stars Brian Keith, Barbara Hale, Richard Denning, Johnny Desmond, Phillip Pine and Richard Shannon. fact_3 : Brian Keith (born Robert Alba Keith, November 14, 1921 – June 24, 1997) was an American film, television, and stage actor who in his six-decade-long career gained recognition for his work in movies such as the Disney family film "The Parent Trap" (1961), the comedy "The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming" (1966), and the adventure saga "The Wind and the Lion" (1975), in which he portrayed President Theodore Roosevelt. Question: The actor that played President Theodore Roosevelt in "The Wind and the Lion" also stars with Barbara Hale in a 1958 film directed by who?
Student: | Charles Marquis Warren | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Arthur Bruce McDonald, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born August 29, 1943) is a Canadian astrophysicist. McDonald is the director of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute and holds the Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Japanese physicist Takaaki Kajita. Context_2 : Brian David Josephson, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 4 January 1940), is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, made in 1962 when he was a 22-year-old PhD student at Cambridge University. Josephson is the only Welshman to have won a Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with physicists Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, who jointly received half the award for their own work on quantum tunnelling. Context_3 : Douglas Dean Osheroff (born August 1, 1945) is a physicist known for his work in experimental condensed matter physics, in particular for his co-discovery of superfluidity in Helium-3. For his contributions he shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physics along with David Lee and Robert C. Richardson. Context_4 : Takaaki Kajita (梶田 隆章 , Kajita Takaaki ) is a Japanese physicist, known for neutrino experiments at the Kamiokande and its successor, Super-Kamiokande. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Canadian physicist Arthur B. McDonald. Context_5 : Dr. Eric 'Davis' Earle (died 24 December 2016) was a Canadian nuclear physicist. A Rhodes Scholar, he worked at Chalk River and helped organize Sudbury Neutrino Observatory as part of the project team whose director, Arthur B. McDonald, won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics. Context_6 : Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_7 : Aage Niels Bohr (] ; 19 June 1922 – 8 September 2009) was a Danish nuclear physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1975 with Ben Mottelson and James Rainwater "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection". Starting from Rainwater's concept of an irregular-shaped liquid drop model of the nucleus, Bohr and Mottelson developed a detailed theory that was in close agreement with experiments. Since his father, Niels Bohr, had won the prize in 1922, he and his father were one of the six pairs of fathers and sons who have both won the Nobel Prize and one of the four pairs who have both won the Nobel Prize in Physics. Context_8 : Reona Esaki (江崎 玲於奈 "Esaki Reona", born March 12, 1925), also known as Leo Esaki, is a Japanese physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Ivar Giaever and Brian David Josephson for his discovery of the phenomenon of electron tunneling. He is known for his invention of the Esaki diode, which exploited that phenomenon. This research was done when he was with Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo (now known as Sony). He has also contributed in being a pioneer of the semiconductor superlattices. Context_9 : In particle physics, a massless particle is an elementary particle whose invariant mass is zero. The two known massless particles are both gauge bosons: the photon (carrier of electromagnetism) and the gluon (carrier of the strong force). However, gluons are never observed as free particles, since they are confined within hadrons. Neutrinos were originally thought to be massless. However, because neutrinos change flavor as they travel, at least two of the types of neutrinos must have mass. The discovery of this phenomenon, known as neutrino oscillation, led to Canadian scientist Arthur B. McDonald and Japanese scientist Takaaki Kajita sharing the 2015 Nobel prize in physics. Context_10 : Prof Albert Abraham Michelson (surname pronunciation anglicized as "Michael-son") FFRS HFRSE LLD (December 19, 1852 – May 9, 1931) was an American physicist known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first American to win the Nobel Prize in a science. fact_1 : He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Japanese physicist Takaaki Kajita. fact_2 : Takaaki Kajita (梶田 隆章 , Kajita Takaaki ) is a Japanese physicist, known for neutrino experiments at the Kamiokande and its successor, Super-Kamiokande. Question: Arthur B. McDonald shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2015 with the Japanese physicist known for what type of work?
Output: neutrino experiments
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Oriental studies is the academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology; in recent years the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Asian studies and Middle Eastern studies. Traditional Oriental studies in Europe is today generally focused on the discipline of Islamic studies, while the study of China, especially traditional China, is often called Sinology and the study of East Asia, especially in the United States, is often called East Asian studies. Context_2 : William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. He also served in the United States House of Representatives and as the United States Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson. Because of his faith in the wisdom of the common people, he was often called "The Great Commoner". Context_3 : Ruth Baird Bryan Leavitt Owen Rohde, best remembered as Ruth Bryan Owen, (October 2, 1885 – July 26, 1954) was a politician and the first woman appointed as a United States ambassador. The daughter of attorney William Jennings Bryan and Mary E. Baird, she was a Democrat, who in 1929 was elected as Florida’s (and the South's) first woman US Representative, coming from Florida’s 4th district. Representative Owen was also the first woman to earn a seat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Context_4 : An urn is a vase, often with a cover, that usually has a somehat narrowed neck above a rounded body and a footed pedestal. Describing a vessel as an "urn", as opposed to a vase or other terms, generally reflects its use rather than any particular shape or origin. The term is especially often used for funerary urns, vessels used in burials, either to hold the cremated ashes or as grave goods, but is used in many other contexts; in catering large vessels for serving tea or coffee are often called "tea-urns", even when they are metal cylinders of purely functional design. Large sculpted vases are often called urns, whether placed outdoors, in gardens or as architectural ornaments on buildings, or kept inside. Context_5 : Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, often called chin cactus, is a species of cactus from South America commonly grown as a houseplant. The most popular cultivars are varied mutants which completely lack chlorophyll, exposing the red, orange or yellow pigmentation. These cultivars are often called "moon cactus". Since chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis, these mutations die as seedlings unless grafted onto another cactus with normal chlorophyll. Context_6 : In mathematics, the lexicographic or lexicographical order (also known as lexical order, dictionary order, alphabetical order or lexicographic(al) product) is a generalization of the way the alphabetical order of words is based on the alphabetical order of their component letters. This generalization consists primarily in defining a total order over the sequences (often called words in computer science) of elements of a finite totally ordered set, often called alphabet. Context_7 : Bryan Owen "Pete" Young (born March 19, 1968) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. A right-hander, he played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball for the Montreal Expos in 1992 and 1993. He appeared in 17 games, all as a relief pitcher. He attended Mississippi State University, where he participated in college baseball. Context_8 : The Gandhi family is the family of Mohandas Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) who was the distinguished leader of the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. Mahatma Gandhi is also officially called the Father of the Nation; a title given to him by Subhas Chandra Bose on 6 July 1944 during his address on the Singapore Radio. On 28 April 1947, Sarojini Naidu too referred Gandhi with the title "Father of the Nation". Gandhi is also referred to as Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for "father", in India. In common parlance in India he is often called Gandhiji. An anonymous journalist from Jetpur town in Saurashtra, in an anonymous letter referred Mohandas KaramChand Gandhi as "Mahatma" (Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable"), for the first time while he was still in South Africa. Context_9 : Golden Clouds was the name given by Ruth Bryan Owen, the first female US ambassador, to her house in Oracabessa, Jamaica. It is situated between Goldeneye, where Ian Fleming wrote many of the James Bond novels, and Noël Coward's Firefly Estate. The award-winning ocean front 12-bedroom estate is on 7 acre of manicured lawn and gardens with over 500 ft of shoreline and its own private beach. Context_10 : An analytical balance (often called a "lab balance") is a class of balance designed to measure small mass in the sub-milligram range. The measuring pan of an analytical balance (0.1 mg or better) is inside a transparent enclosure with doors so that dust does not collect and so any air currents in the room do not affect the balance's operation. This enclosure is often called a draft shield. The use of a mechanically vented balance safety enclosure, which has uniquely designed acrylic airfoils, allows a smooth turbulence-free airflow that prevents balance fluctuation and the measure of mass down to 1 μg without fluctuations or loss of product. Also, the sample must be at room temperature to prevent natural convection from forming air currents inside the enclosure from causing an error in reading. Single pan mechanical substitution balance maintains consistent response throughout the useful capacity is achieved by maintaining a constant load on the balance beam, thus the fulcrum, by subtracting mass on the same side of the beam to which the sample is added. fact_1 : Ruth Baird Bryan Leavitt Owen Rohde, best remembered as Ruth Bryan Owen, (October 2, 1885 – July 26, 1954) was a politician and the first woman appointed as a United States ambassador. fact_2 : The daughter of attorney William Jennings Bryan and Mary E. Baird, she was a Democrat, who in 1929 was elected as Florida’s (and the South's) first woman US Representative, coming from Florida’s 4th district. fact_3 : William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. fact_4 : Because of his faith in the wisdom of the common people, he was often called "The Great Commoner". Question: What was the father of Ruth Bryan Owen often called?
Output: The Great Commoner
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Christopher Andrew "Ender" Carrabba (born April 10, 1975) is the lead singer and guitarist of the band Dashboard Confessional, lead singer of the band Further Seems Forever, and is the vocalist for the folk band Twin Forks. Context_2 : "Hands Down" is a song by Dashboard Confessional that was originally recorded for the acoustic "So Impossible EP" in 2001, which told the story of a date that Chris Carrabba had in his late teens/early twenties. It was re-recorded for the LP "A Mark, a Mission, a Brand, a Scar" in 2003 with a full band. Carrabba has said that this song is about the best day and date that he's ever had, and introduces it as such at concerts. "Hands Down" was released to radio on July 15, 2003. Context_3 : "Screaming Infidelities" is the first single from Dashboard Confessional's 2001 album "The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most". The song was written by lead singer Chris Carrabba. It was originally recorded for the band's 2000 debut album, "The Swiss Army Romance." Context_4 : "Don't Wait" is the first single from the album "Dusk and Summer" by Dashboard Confessional. The song was written by the lead singer of Dashboard Confessional, Chris Carrabba. It is about living for the day, that 'the moment is now'. "Don't Wait" was released to radio on May 23, 2006. Context_5 : The Drowning EP is Dashboard Confessional's first EP recorded by the band's founding member Chris Carrabba. It was released on February 27, 2001 through Fiddler Records. Photography was by Ryan Joseph Shaughnessy, who also photographed Carrabba for "The Swiss Army Romance" and "The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most." Context_6 : Keisuke Kuwata (桑田 佳祐 , Kuwata Keisuke , born February 26, 1956) is a Japanese multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and frontman for the Southern All Stars, as well of his own solo band, the Kuwata band. He has also done significant amount of scoring music for films. He went to Aoyama Gakuin University. Context_7 : Twin Forks is an American Americana, folk rock band from Boca Raton, Florida, started in 2011 by Chris Carrabba (Dashboard Confessional, Further Seems Forever). They are currently based out of Nashville, TN. The band's current members are Chris Carrabba, Shawn Zorn, Dane Poppin, Kelsie Baron, and Sara Ellen. Twin Forks have released one EP, titled "Twin Forks", and a full-length album also titled "Twin Forks". Context_8 : Further Seems Forever is an American rock band formed in 1998 in Pompano Beach, Florida. Over its initial eight-year run the band experienced several lineup changes, resulting in a different lead vocalist performing on each of their first three studio albums. Original singer Chris Carrabba recorded "The Moon Is Down" (2001) with the group before leaving to start Dashboard Confessional. He was replaced by Jason Gleason, who performed on "How to Start a Fire" (2003) but left the band the following year. Former Sense Field vocalist Jon Bunch joined Further Seems Forever for "Hide Nothing" (2004). The band broke up in 2006 but reunited four years later with Carrabba on vocals. Their fourth studio album, "Penny Black", was released in 2012. Context_9 : "Rooftops and Invitations" is a download-only single from the album "Dusk and Summer" by Dashboard Confessional. The song was written by the lead singer of Dashboard Confessional, Chris Carrabba. "Rooftops and Invitations" was released to radio on August 29, 2006. Context_10 : Keisuke Kuwata is the eponymous studio album recorded by Keisuke Kuwata, a frontman of the Japanese rock band Southern All Stars. It was released by Taishita label under the Victor Entertainment in July 1988, shortly after the 10th anniversary of the band. Aside from the 1982 live recording album "Kamon Yuzo and Victor Wheels Live" released under the pseudonym Yūzō Kamon, it was first Kuwata's solo effort. fact_1 : Christopher Andrew "Ender" Carrabba (born April 10, 1975) is the lead singer and guitarist of the band Dashboard Confessional, lead singer of the band Further Seems Forever, and is the vocalist for the folk band Twin Forks. fact_2 : Keisuke Kuwata (桑田 佳祐 , Kuwata Keisuke , born February 26, 1956) is a Japanese multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and frontman for the Southern All Stars, as well of his own solo band, the Kuwata band. Question: Which of the following is a lead singer of the band Dashboard Confessional: Chris Carrabba or Keisuke Kuwata?
| Output: Christopher Andrew Ender Carrabba
| 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : Ellis Eugene "Gene" Vance (February 25, 1923 – February 16, 2012) was an American professional basketball player for the NBA's Chicago Stags and a collegiate athlete for the University of Illinois Fighting Illini basketball team. He was most famous for leading Illinois as a member of the famed "Whiz Kids" of the 1940s. He was drafted into the NBA in 1948, and played for the Chicago Stags, the Tri-Cities Blackhawks and the Milwaukee Hawks. He and the other Whiz Kids, Andy Phillip, Art Mathisen, Ken Menke, and Jack Smiley, are regarded as some of Illinois' all-time greats, but only he and Phillip are on the team's all-century team. Vance and his Whiz Kids teammates left basketball to serve in World War II in 1943. He later served as the university's athletic director, from 1967 to 1972. Vance was elected to the "Illini Men's Basketball All-Century Team" in 2004. Context_2 : He holds a BA ("summa cum laude") and a PhD in economics from Harvard University. Early in his career, he was one of the "whiz kids" assembled by Defense Secretary Robert S. McNamara to apply cutting-edge analysis to Cold War military strategy. Context_3 : Crash Zone is an Australian children's science fiction television series which aired on the Seven Network from 13 February 1999 to 25 August 2001. It was produced by Australian Children's Television Foundation, in association with the Disney Channel, and ran for 26 episodes. The series starred five high school students, "high-tech whiz kids" of varied backgrounds, who are hired by the president of the "Catalyst" software company to save her failing business. The premise of the series was unique in that it was one of the first series to examine the early use of the internet as well as the video game industry and artificial intelligence. Context_4 : Whiz Kids was a name given to a group of experts from RAND Corporation with which Robert McNamara surrounded himself in order to turn around the management of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) in the 1960s. The purpose was to shape a modern defense strategy in the Nuclear Age by bringing in economic analysis, operations research, game theory, computing, as well as implementing modern management systems to coordinate the huge dimension of operations of the DoD with methods such as the Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System (PPBS). They were called the Whiz Kids recalling the group at Ford Motor Company that McNamara was part of a decade earlier. The group included (among others): Context_5 : John Hillen (born 3 February 1966) is an American business executive and the former Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs, nominated by President George W. Bush, who served from October 11, 2005 until January 11, 2007. He served as President & CEO of Sotera Defense Solutions formerly Global Defense Technology & Systems, Inc. (GTEC) from 2008 - June 18, 2013. While at Sotera, he took the company public in November 2009. John currently serves on a number of corporate boards and is the Executive in Residence and Professor of Practice at George Mason University's School of Business. He has been featured on WashingtonExec.com numerous times for his business accomplishments and his talks on Defense policy, particularly as they relate to the private sector. John currently writes a column for Washington Technology magazine. Context_6 : Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. He played a major role in escalating the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis. Context_7 : Wesley Garvin Hamner (March 18, 1924 – December 15, 2003) was an American professional baseball player. A second baseman and shortstop, he appeared in one season (1945) for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball. His younger brother, Granny Hamner, would become the Phillies' star shortstop of the 1950 "Whiz Kids" National League championship team, while Garvin spent all but two months of his 11-year career in minor league baseball. Context_8 : John H. Rubel (April 27, 1920 – January 13, 2015) was a business executive in the early post-World War II years of the defense electronics industry, later serving as Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Kennedy administration. He is regarded as one of Robert McNamara's so-called whiz kids and was an early proponent of geosynchronous communications satellites. Context_9 : The Whiz Kids were a group of ten United States Army Air Forces veterans of World War II who became Ford Motor Company executives in 1946. Context_10 : Andrea Elson (born March 6, 1969) is an American former actress. Beginning her professional career as a child actress and model, Elson is perhaps best known for her television roles; as Alice Tyler on the CBS science-fiction adventure series "Whiz Kids" and as Lynn Tanner on the NBC comedy series "ALF", which garnered the teenage actress two Youth in Film Award nominations in 1986 and 1989. fact_1 : Whiz Kids was a name given to a group of experts from RAND Corporation with which Robert McNamara surrounded himself in order to turn around the management of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) in the 1960s. fact_2 : Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. Question: Who was the American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, who surrounded himself with the group of experts called Whiz Kids?
Student: | Robert McNamara | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Output: 1874May
From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input case for you: Context_1 : Anthony Gonzalez is an American actor, appeared in such a TV series: "The Bridge" (2014), "" (2017). His upcoming film will be a lead actor in the Pixar-produced, "Coco" (2017). Context_2 : Miles Dominic Heizer (born May 16, 1994) is an American actor. As of 2017, his most recent appearance was in the Netflix Original series "13 Reasons Why" as Alex Standall. His most notable film appearance was in the 2007 movie "Rails & Ties", in which he played character Davey Danner. From 2010 until 2015, he starred in the NBC drama series "Parenthood" as Drew Holt, the son of Lauren Graham's character Sarah Braverman. Miles appears in the 2016 film "Nerve" as Tommy, alongside actors Emma Roberts and Dave Franco. He also played the recurring role of Joshua Lipnicki on 4 episodes of the NBC medical drama series "ER". In 2018, Heizer will star in the upcoming film "Simon vs. The Homo Sapiens Agenda" as Cal. Context_3 : Lana Therese Condor (born May 11, 1997) is a Vietnamese-American actress. She made her debut as Jubilation Lee / Jubilee in the 2016 superhero film "". Condor is set to star as Koyomi K. in the upcoming science fiction film "" (2018), and as Lara Jean Covey in the upcoming film adaptation of "To All the Boys I've Loved Before". Context_4 : Thomas Stanley Holland (born 1 June 1996) is an English actor and dancer. His breakthrough role was Spider-Man in "" (2016), followed by "" (2017), as part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). He previously appeared on stage in the title role of "Billy Elliot the Musical" in London's West End, and in the films "The Impossible" (2012) and "In the Heart of the Sea" (2015). Holland received the BAFTA Rising Star Award in 2017. Context_5 : Nathan "Nate" Drake (born Nathan Morgan) is the protagonist of the "Uncharted" video game series, developed by Naughty Dog. He appears in all five games: "", "", "", "" and "", as well as the motion comic prequel series "". A charismatic yet rebellious treasure hunter, the player controls Drake as he journeys across the world to uncover various historical mysteries. He is played through voice and motion capture by Nolan North, who influenced Drake's personality by ad-libbing segments of the character's dialogue. Tom Holland will portray Drake in the live action adaptation. Context_6 : Woman Walks Ahead is an upcoming film directed by Susanna White. The film is the story of Caroline Weldon (White), a portrait painter from New York who travels to Dakota to paint a portrait of Sitting Bull (Michael Greyeyes). The film was screened at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival. Context_7 : Anna Cathcart ( 2003 ) is a Canadian actress, best known for playing Agent Olympia in the TVOKids/PBS Kids comedy series "Odd Squad" and its film spin-off. In 2017, Cathcart portrayed Dizzy Tremaine in the Disney Channel musical fantasy film "Descendants 2", and will portray Kitty Covey in the upcoming film adaptation of Jenny Han's young adult romance novel "To All the Boys I've Loved Before". Context_8 : Tommy Vlahopoulos (born December 12, 1979) is an American film producer. He is known for producing the 2015 film "Intruders" and the upcoming 2017 film "Behind the Sightings". His company, Tommy V Productions, was the production studio for "Intruders" and "Behind the Sightings", along with the upcoming films "Glass Jaw" and "The Rake", as well as "Crawl To Me", an upcoming film adaptation of the comic book miniseries of the same name. Context_9 : Shaun Joseph Gerardo (born September 22, 1984) is an American film, stage and television actor. He made his major feature film debut in "X Men First Class". At the end of 2011, he worked on Denzel Whitaker's Operation:CTF, starring Toronto raised actor Jonathan Keltz. Shaun made appearances in Gregory Blair's "Deadly Revisions" & Melanie Grunder's "Waiting for Dracula" in 2012. Gerardo also made his first voice role in the 2013 animated film "". He will be reprising his Rogue Wolf role in the 2016 upcoming film, "". Context_10 : Shakti Soundar Rajan is an Indian film director who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. After making his debut as a director with "Naanayam" (2010), he achieved a breakthrough with "Naaigal Jaakirathai" (2014). His next film, "Miruthan" (2016), was the first ever zombie thriller in the Tamil cinema industry.His upcoming film, "Tik Tik Tik (2017 film)", was the first ever Space film in the Indian cinema . fact_1 : Nathan "Nate" Drake (born Nathan Morgan) is the protagonist of the "Uncharted" video game series, developed by Naughty Dog. fact_2 : Tom Holland will portray Drake in the live action adaptation. fact_3 : Holland received the BAFTA Rising Star Award in 2017. Question: Which actor in the upcoming film "Uncharted" won a BAFTA in 2017?
Output: | Tom Holland | 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
--------
Question: Context_1 : Jacaranda Software was an Australian developer and publisher of educational computer games for children. It was based in Brisbane, Australia and published under the "inspirational" leadership of John Collins. The team worked as a department of Jacaranda-Wiley; the Australian imprint of American publishing company, Wiley. While it was considered initially as an experimental venture, it proved to be profitable from its first year through to its closure in the early 1990s. Jacaranda Software released titles for a range of computer systems, including the Apple II, Commodore 64, Macintosh, Microbee and BBC Micro. After the department closed, former employees David Smith, Bruce Mitchell, and Steve Luckett continued to write software for schools, under the name Greygum Software. They bought remaining stock, rights, and equipment from Jacaranda. As of 2015, several popular former Jacaranda titles are still available in Windows and Macintosh versions from Greygum Software, including Goldfields, , Desert Quest and Crossing the Mountains. Context_2 : Tiki Data was a manufacturer of microcomputers, located in Oslo, Norway. The company was founded in 1983 by Lars Monrad Krohn and Gro Jørgensen, and was targeting the then emerging computer market in the educational sector. Following the launch of the Tiki 100 computer, which was designed by Tiki Data from the bottom up, the company started publishing software for the educational sector. Context_3 : JNE is an express and logistics courier services company, originated from Indonesia. Its official name is "Tiki Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir" ("Tiki JNE"). Nowadays, Tiki JNE is better known as JNE. The name "JNE" is an abbreviation for "Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir", which is Sanskrit language meaning ""blessed lane courie"r". Its headquarters is located in Jakarta. Context_4 : Voodoo Tiki is a brand of tequila, produced by Voodoo Tiki Tequila Corporation, made of 100% blue agave, and available in the US other several other Countries including, Canada, The Caribbean, Australia, Belgium and the Netherlands. Context_5 : Tiki-100 was a desktop home/personal computer manufactured by Tiki Data of Oslo, Norway. The computer was launched in the spring of 1984 under the original name Kontiki-100, and was first and foremost intended for the emerging educational sector, especially for primary schools. Early prototypes had 4 KB ROM, and the '100' in the machine's name was based on the total KB amount of memory. Context_6 : MicroBee (Micro Bee) was a series of home computers by Applied Technology, later known as MicroBee Systems. Context_7 : Applied Technology, was founded by Owen Hill in 1975 in Australia. He was a pioneer producer of home computers that ran CP/M on Zilog Z80 microprocessors. Their MicroBee computer (1982) was the first commercial personal computer manufactured in Australia. The computers were used by schools in Australia and Sweden and by BMW car dealers in Australia. Context_8 : D-Wave Two (project code name Vesuvius) is the second commercially available quantum computer, and the successor to the first commercially available quantum computer, D-Wave One. Both computers were developed by Canadian company D-Wave Systems. The computers are not general purpose, but rather are designed for quantum annealing. Specifically, the computers are designed to use quantum annealing to solve a single type of problem known as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization. As of 2015, it is still heavily debated whether large scale entanglement takes place in D-Wave Two, and whether current or future generations of D-Wave computers will have any advantage over classical computers. Context_9 : The BCL Molecular 18 was a range of 18-bit computers designed and manufactured in the UK from 1970 until the late 1980s.The machines were originally manufactured by Systemation Limited and serviced by Business Mechanisation Limited. The two companies merged in 1968 to form Business Computers Limited - a public limited company. Business Computers Ltd subsequently went into receivership in 1974. It was purchased from the receiver by Computer World Trade, maintenance of existing machines was by a subsidiary of CWT called CFM, manufacturing was passed to ABS Computer in the old BCL building and sales rights were sold to a team from the old Singer Computers by 1976 trading as Business Computers (Systems) Ltd selling the Molecular. BC(S) Ltd subsequently went public in 1981 to form Business Computers (Systems) Plc. Servicing and manufacturing was gradually taken over by Systemation Services/ Systemation Developments Ltd. BC(S)Plc was eventually taken over by Electronic Data Processing (EDP). Amongst its users and service engineers it was affectionately known as the Molly. Context_10 : V3 Gaming PC is a manufacturer of custom-built personal computers headquartered in Lomita, California. The company, founded in 2010 by industry veterans, touts compatibility with 3D gaming technologies such as NVIDIA 3D Vision as a selling point for its products. V3 Gaming PC computers are specifically designed for the gaming and enthusiast markets, and offer different levels of performance for different usage environments and price segments. V3 offers several different models of desktop computers ranging from full-tower systems to small form factor mini-PCs, all of which are liquid-cooled. The company also has a range of laptop computers with high-end gaming hardware and full HD displays. In the company's review guide, sent to technology publications along with computer samples, they state that they are developing several component-level products, though none appear to be available at this time. fact_1 : Tiki-100 was a desktop home/personal computer manufactured by Tiki Data of Oslo, Norway. fact_2 : MicroBee (Micro Bee) was a series of home computers by Applied Technology, later known as MicroBee Systems. Question: Were the computers Tiki 100 and MicroBee manufactured by the same company?
Answer: no
Question: Context_1 : Lê Khánh Đồng (1905–1976) is a Vietnamese doctor and was one of the founding members of the Traditional Medicine Faculty of Hanoi Medical University and the National Hospital of Traditional Medicine in Vietnam. He was the Director of Nghệ An Provincial Health Service as well as the Director of the Vinh Hospital (1953–1957). He was the head of Training Department of the National Hospital of Traditional Medicine in Vietnam (from 1958 to 1970). One of people to set the corner stone for family to pursue Traditional Medicine and then the next generation make Daibio Traditional Medicine Great Family Clinic Company. Context_2 : Sri Lanka has its own indigenous scheme of traditional medicine (Ayurveda). This system has been practised for many centuries in the island nation. The Sri Lankan Ayurvedic tradition is a mixture of the Sinhala traditional medicine, Ayurveda and Siddha systems of India, Unani medicine of Greece through the Arabs, and most importantly, the Desheeya Chikitsa, which is the indigenous medicine of Sri Lanka. Context_3 : Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within various societies before the era of modern medicine. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines traditional medicine as "the sum total of the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness". Context_4 : Sternbergia is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. Context_5 : Quincy Sumbo Ayodele, popularly known as Quincy, is a Nigerian herbal medicine practitioner, entrepreneur, herbal slimming and skin care expert and the Chief Executive Officer of Quincy Herbals, a Nigerian leading herbal healthcare center. She is a World Health Organisation expert committee member on the development of African traditional medicine and practices. She is an advocate for the integration of African traditional medicine into the healthcare system. Context_6 : Georgian folk medicine (or Georgian traditional medicine) originated at the crossroads of the East and West and therefore integrates the principles of both medical traditions. On a scale between tribal level folk medicine and highly institutionalized Chinese and Unani Traditional medicines, Georgian traditional medicine ranks closer to the better institutionalized and formalized end of the scale. Some ancient Georgian folk remedies made it to the modern formulations and are commercially distributed in the form of modern drugs, mostly petrolatum-based ointments. Context_7 : Nicandra is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family containing the single species Nicandra physalodes. It is known by the common names apple-of-Peru and shoo-fly plant. It is thought originally to have been native to Peru (known elsewhere as an introduced species and sometimes as a weed) and is found nowadays as a ruderal species in tropical, subtropical and, to a lesser extent, temperate areas all over the world. It has also long been cultivated as an ornamental plant for its attractive flowers and curious fruits (the latter sometimes dried for use in floral design) and has been adopted into the traditional medicine of countries far-removed from its original home. Context_8 : Iranian Traditional Medicine, also called Persian Traditional Medicine (Persian: طب سنتی ایرانی "tebbe sonnati irāni") is one of famous forms of traditional medicine which is grounded in the four humours concept: Phlegm (Balgham), Blood (Dam), Yellow bile (Ṣafrā') and Black bile (Saudā'). Some traditional medicine forms are in this base. Yunani and Graeco-Arabic are the most famous of that. It is based on the teachings of Greek physician Hippocrates and Roman physician Galen, and developed by Rhazes, Avicenna (Ibn Sena) into an elaborate medical system. Context_9 : The University of Traditional Medicine, Mandalay (UTM), in Aungmyethazan, Mandalay, is a public university of Burmese traditional medicine. The Ministry of Health administered university offers a five-year Bachelor of Myanmar Traditional Medicine degree program and accepts about 100 students a year. Context_10 : Traditional Vietnamese medicine (Y học Cổ truyền Việt Nam), also known as Southern Herbology (Thuốc Nam) is a traditional medicine practiced by Vietnamese people. It is influenced by traditional Chinese medicine. The other traditional medicine that is also practiced in Vietnam is traditional Chinese medicine (Trung Y), also known as Northern Herbology (Thuốc Bắc). Thuốc Nam is one of two kinds of folk remedies known to villagers, the other being the traditional exercise dưỡng sinh. fact_1 : Nicandra is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family containing the single species Nicandra physalodes. fact_2 : It has also long been cultivated as an ornamental plant for its attractive flowers and curious fruits (the latter sometimes dried for use in floral design) and has been adopted into the traditional medicine of countries far-removed from its original home. fact_3 : Sternbergia is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. Question: Which plant was been adopted into the traditional medicine of countries far-removed from its original home, Nicandra or Sternbergia?
Answer: Nicandra
Question: Context_1 : "Heaven and Hell" is a song by English rock band The Who written by group bassist John Entwistle. The studio version (originally recorded for an April 1970 BBC session), which appeared on the B-side of the live "Summertime Blues" single, is currently available only on the "Thirty Years of Maximum R&B" boxed set and "Who's Missing", though several live versions of the song exist on official releases. The song was one of many Entwistle B-side singles and one of his live staples. Context_2 : Zak Richard Starkey (born 13 September 1965) is an English rock drummer whose music career spans more than 30 years. He has performed and recorded with English rock band The Who since 1996. He is also the third drummer to have appeared with English rock band Oasis. He has also worked with other musicians and bands such as Johnny Marr, Paul Weller, The Icicle Works, The Waterboys, ASAP, The Lightning Seeds, and John Entwistle. He is the son of The Beatles drummer Ringo Starr. Context_3 : The following is the solo discography of British rock musician John Entwistle. For his work with The Who, see The Who discography. Context_4 : "Going Mobile" is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by The Who on their 1971 album "Who's Next". It was originally written for Townshend's abandoned "Lifehouse" project, with lyrics celebrating the joy of having a mobile home and being able to travel the open road. The Who's lead singer Roger Daltrey did not take part in the recording of the song, leaving the rest of the band to record it as a power trio; Townshend handles the lead vocals, guitars, and synthesizers, with John Entwistle on bass and Keith Moon on drums. The song has attracted mixed reviews from music critics. Context_5 : The Rock is the sixth solo studio album by the English musician John Entwistle, formerly of the Who. It was Entwistle's first album of entirely new music since "Too Late the Hero" in 1981, and his first solo album to be issued by Griffin Music. The album was recorded over a period of eighteen months between 1985 and 1986, in sessions that took place at Hammerhead Studios in Gloucestershire. Upon completion, it was originally released as a private pressing by his label, WEA Records, in 1986, but it was not officially released until 1996. Having remained in the vaults for ten years, the album has subsequently been released in four different editions between 1996 and 2005, with separate covers for each. "The Rock" was Entwistle's only album in which he did not sing the lead vocals, a role performed instead by American-born Canadian Henry Small, formerly of rock music Prism. Context_6 : The Who have been with several labels over the years. In the United Kingdom and elsewhere outside North America, they were signed originally to Brunswick Records. In 1966, they moved to Polydor Records and took the rights to their Brunswick recordings with them. They created and moved to Track Records the following year with distribution by Polydor. They left Track in 1974 and returned to Polydor directly, remaining with the label ever since. Context_7 : Ghost Dance were a British gothic rock and post-punk band. formed in 1985 by Gary Marx (ex-The Sisters of Mercy guitarist) and Anne-Marie Hurst (ex-Skeletal Family vocalist) as both were leaving their respective bands. The band were originally signed to Nick Jones' record label, Karbon Records, then were later signed to the major label Chrysalis Records, before splitting up in 1989. Context_8 : Andy Dane Nye (born 8 April 1959, in London, England) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, as well as being a member of the rock band The Michael Schenker Group at their peak in the 1980s. During a long and productive career he has played keyboards for Sheena Easton, Barbara Dickson, Toyah Willcox, Chris Farlowe, Gerard Kenny, Dennis Waterman, Princess Stephanie of Monaco, Jahn Teigen, The Kick, After Hours and Mainland. His songs have been recorded by artists such as Roger Daltrey, Asia, The Michael Schenker Group, Ten Years After, Chris Farlowe, John Entwistle, Colin Blunstone and The Zombies. Context_9 : James McCulloch (4 June 1953 – 27 September 1979) was a Scottish musician and songwriter best known for playing lead guitar and bass, as a member of Paul McCartney's band Wings from 1974 to 1977. McCulloch was a member of the Glasgow psychedelic band One in a Million (formerly known as the Jaygars), Thunderclap Newman, and Stone the Crows. He also made appearances on many albums, including John Entwistle's "Whistle Rymes" in 1972, as lead guitarist playing alongside Peter Frampton on "Apron Strings" and "I Feel Better"; and on Roy Harper's album, "Bullinamingvase", and Ricci Martin's album, "Bleached", both in 1977. McCulloch also played guitar on Roger Daltrey's album "One of the Boys" which was released in 1977. McCulloch was a friend of the Who and a member of the band Thunderclap Newman, which was created and produced by his mentor Pete Townshend. At age 11, he was also a protégé of the Shadows' Hank Marvin. His brother is drummer Jack McCulloch. Context_10 : So Who's the Bass Player? The Ox Anthology is a 2CD collection of the work of the late bassist for The Who, John Entwistle. It features rare recordings of his songs, spanning from the mid-60's until his death in 2002. Included are songs written by Entwistle which were not included in some Who recordings, as well as songs which were rejected by the band originally. fact_1 : For his work with The Who, see The Who discography. fact_2 : In the United Kingdom and elsewhere outside North America, they were signed originally to Brunswick Records. Question: John Entwistle was a rock musician who played for a band who was originally signed to what record label?
Answer: | Brunswick Records
| 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
One example is below.
Q: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
A: 1874May
Rationale: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : My Shocking Story is a documentary television series originally broadcast on Discovery Channel UK. It was broadcast by The Learning Channel in the United States, Discovery Channel Australia and Seven Network in Australia and Discovery Channel Italy in Italy. The series documents unusual or shocking medical ailments and conditions. Context_2 : Alaskan Bush People is an American reality television series. The series premiered on the Discovery Channel on May 6, 2014. Filmed on location near Hoonah, Alaska and Chichagof Island, it follows the extended Brown family's life in the Alaskan wilderness. Context_3 : Steven Arnold (born 12 December 1974, Warrington, England) is an English actor best known for his role as Ashley Peacock in the long running hit show "Coronation Street". Context_4 : Verminators is an American reality television series. It is produced by Original Productions of Burbank, California and broadcast in the United States on Discovery Channel, Canada on Discovery Channel (Canada) and the UK on Virgin1. The program follows the employees of the Los Angeles-based pest control company ISOTech as they rid homes and businesses of rodents, cockroaches, termites, spiders, birds and other pests. The series began its run throughout North America on Discovery Channel in April 2008. Context_5 : Michael Gregory Rowe (born March 18, 1962) is an American actor primarily known as a television host and narrator. He is known for his work on the Discovery Channel series "Dirty Jobs" and the CNN series "Somebody's Gotta Do It". His podcast, The Way I Heard It, is an updated take on Paul Harvey's The Rest of the Story. Rowe hosts a series produced for Facebook called Returning the Favor, Rowe finds people doing good deeds and does something for them in return. Rowe has narrated programs on the Discovery Channel, The Science Channel and National Geographic Channel such as "Deadliest Catch", "How the Universe Works", and "Shark Week". He has appeared on commercials for firms such as the Ford Motor Company. He has served as a social activist on the causes of economic growth and job expansion as well. Past efforts include being an opera singer and a salesman. Context_6 : You Spoof Discovery: The ultimate viewer-submitted low-cost high-quality extremely entertaining Discovery parody special hosted by Mike Rowe of Dirty Jobs, who also narrates the series American Chopper, American Hot Rod and Deadliest Catch, commonly shortened to You Spoof Discovery, was a one-hour special on the Discovery Channel which showed viewer-submitted parodies of Discovery Channel shows. The special premiered on February 25, 2007 and was hosted by Mike Rowe. Over 600 entries were submitted. The makers of parodies that made it on the air were given $500 from the Discovery Channel. According to Jane Root, then the president of Discovery Channel, the series was intended to be the beginning of a new wave of viewer-generated content. Context_7 : The FBI Files is an American television docudrama series that originally ran from 1998 to 2006. It was carried by the Discovery Channel cable network and produced by New Dominion Pictures of Suffolk, Virginia. The show was cancelled by the Discovery Channel in 2006; however, Escape (TV network), Discovery Channel and its sister network, Investigation Discovery, air re-runs, although until October 2012, Investigation Discovery only showed episodes from seasons 5,6, and 7. As of October 2012, the network now airs episodes from the earlier seasons (although not necessarily in chronological order), with updated information about the cases at the end of most episodes. Up to late September 2012, WE tv showed episodes from seasons 1-4, but the network had removed the episode introductions by Jim Kallstrom. In the UK on Channel 5, "The FBI Files" airs most Saturday nights before QuizCall. It has also been shown on TV Denmark, Discovery Australia and Netflix in Canada. All seven seasons have been released on DVD. Context_8 : Michael "Mick" Kaczorowski (born January 4, 1960) is the Creative Director and Producer of Bangkok Swagger is a nine time nominated and three time Emmy Award winning Producer and Executive Producer. As Executive Producer, he is responsible for some of Animal Planet and Discovery’s biggest and most iconic hits including , Raising the Mammoth, and Walking with Prehistoric Beasts. Kaczorowski is also responsible for many of Discovery Channel and Animal Planet long running hit series including Meerkat Manor, North Woods Law, River Monsters, Alaskan Bush Family, Wild West Alaska, Buggin with Rude, and American Stuffers. Kaczorowski has worked in Washington D.C. for Discovery Channel, Animal Planet and the National Geographic Society. Kaczorowski began his filmmaking career in 1982 working in feature films for Director Robert Altman on Streamers, O.C. and Stiggs and Secret Honor. In 1985 Kaczorowski helped launch before it became National Geographic Television, and was a film editor for over 10 years editing over 40 films, earning two Emmy nominations for best editing for Dancing with Stingrays and Ocean Kayakers. He edited Discovery Channel’s first original production Ivory Wars. Kaczorowski joined Discovery Communications in 1994 holding many positions and titles across different Discovery networks. Over the next 20 years, he developed, supervised and managed everything from documentary specials and long running series, IMAX movies “”, Discovery’s first feature film “”, Animal Planet’s first feature film “” and Animal Planet’s first scripted drama “The Whale”. His production company Bangkok Swagger casts, develops and creates programing around the world for the web, social media and traditional television & cable networks. Context_9 : Desert Car Kings is a reality television series that debuted on the Discovery Channel on January 26, 2011. It is based on the McClure family, who run Desert Valley Auto Parts in Phoenix, Arizona. The show's main characters, Jason and his father Ron, restore classic cars on a limited time-frame; restorations are usually given until their next auction. The operation houses more than 10,000 rust-free vehicles on more than 100 acres of dry Arizona land. Restorations have included a 1965 Ford Thunderbird, a 1970 Oldsmobile 442, a 1962 Ford Galaxie, a 1964 Plymouth Barracuda, a 1955 Ford F-100, and a 1966 Chevrolet Chevelle SS. With average ratings, critics vary in their opinion on the show. Some praise it, others calling it superficial. With its time slot competing with cable television's highest-rated reality show at the time (A&E's, Storage Wars), the show had several factors working against it. Despite the final episode airing over a year earlier, according to a May 6, 2012 Discovery Channel Facebook posting, the show had not been canceled. Finally, an announcement came from Discovery Channel that a second season of Desert Valley Car Kings was not picked up due to production costs. Since its cancellation, it has begun airing reruns on the Velocity cable television network. As of July 2015 it is also airing in the UK on the Quest station (Recorded in 2011 - Some confusion, UK viewers think it is more recent). Context_10 : Discovery (formerly Discovery Channel) is an English speaking channel which targets the United Kingdom and Ireland, operated by Discovery Networks Western Europe. The channel's programming is based on programming produced by Discovery Networks Europe, Discovery Channel Canada and Discovery Channel from the United States. fact_1 : Michael "Mick" Kaczorowski (born January 4, 1960) is the Creative Director and Producer of Bangkok Swagger is a nine time nominated and three time Emmy Award winning Producer and Executive Producer. fact_2 : Kaczorowski is also responsible for many of Discovery Channel and Animal Planet long running hit series including Meerkat Manor, North Woods Law, River Monsters, Alaskan Bush Family, Wild West Alaska, Buggin with Rude, and American Stuffers. fact_3 : The series premiered on the Discovery Channel on May 6, 2014. fact_4 : Filmed on location near Hoonah, Alaska and Chichagof Island, it follows the extended Brown family's life in the Alaskan wilderness. Question: What is the last name of the family in the Discovery Channel long running hit series produced by Mick Kaczorowski?
A: | Brown | 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : XLR8R (pronounced "accelerator") is a magazine and website that covers music, culture, style, and technology. Context_2 : Elaiosomes (Greek "élaion" "oil" and "sóma" "body") are fleshy structures that are attached to the seeds of many plant species. The elaiosome is rich in lipids and proteins, and may be variously shaped. Many plants have elaiosomes that attract ants, which take the seed to their nest and feed the elaiosome to their larvae. After the larvae have consumed the elaiosome, the ants take the seed to their waste disposal area, which is rich in nutrients from the ant frass and dead bodies, where the seeds germinate. This type of seed dispersal is termed myrmecochory from the Greek "ant" (myrmex) and "dispersal" (kore). This type of symbiotic relationship appears to be mutualistic, more specifically dispersive mutualism according to Ricklefs, R.E. (2001), as the plant benefits because its seeds are dispersed to favorable germination sites, and also because it is planted (carried underground) by the ants. Context_3 : A seed bank (also seedbank or seeds bank) stores seeds to preserve genetic diversity; hence it is a type of gene bank. There are many reasons to store seeds. One reason is to have on-hand the genes that plant breeders need to increase yield, disease resistance, drought tolerance, nutritional quality, taste, etc. of plants used in agriculture (i.e., crops or domesticated species). Another reason is to forestall loss of genetic diversity in rare or imperiled plant species in an effort to conserve biodiversity ex situ. Many plants that were used centuries ago by humans are used less frequently now and seed banks offer a way to preserve that historical and cultural value. Collections of seeds stored at constant low temperature and moisture guard against loss of genetic resources that are otherwise maintained in situ or in field collections. These alternative 'living' collections can be damaged by natural disasters, outbreaks of disease or war. Seed banks are considered seed libraries and contain valuable information about evolved strategies to combat plant stress or can be used to create genetically modified versions of existing seeds. The work of seed banks spans decades and even centuries. Most seed banks are publicly funded and seeds are usually available for research that benefits the public. Context_4 : Seed (subtitled "Science Is Culture"; originally "Beneath the Surface") is an online science magazine published by Seed Media Group. The magazine looks at big ideas in science, important issues at the intersection of science and society, and the people driving global science culture. "Seed" was founded in Montreal by Adam Bly and the magazine is now headquartered in New York with bureaus around the world. May/June 2009 (Issue No. 22) was the last print issue. Content continues to be published on the website. Context_5 : In video games using procedural world generation, the map seed is a (relatively) short number or text string which is used to procedurally create the game world ("map"). This means that while the seed-unique generated map may be many megabytes big (often generated incrementally and virtually unlimited in potential size), it is possible to reset to the unmodified map, or the unmodified map can be exchanged between players, just by specifying the map seed. An example of a map seed in Minecraft is "-2242547518357798464". Map seeds are a type of random seeds. Context_6 : Kira Yamato (キラ・ヤマト ) is a fictional character first introduced as the protagonist from the 2002 Japanese anime television series "Mobile Suit Gundam SEED", which was produced by Sunrise as part of the Gundam franchise. In the series, Kira is a first-generation Coordinator, a genetically enhanced human being born of normal humans (Naturals). At the beginning of "Gundam SEED", Kira lives on the neutral space colony Heliopolis to avoid the war between the Coordinators and the Naturals, but the colony becomes involved in the war shortly thereafter. Kira is the only person within the Earth Alliancethe Naturals' military factionwho is able to effectively pilot their mobile suita type of a mecha created by them. He is forced to become a mobile suit pilot and to participate in various battles to protect his friends. Kira has also been featured in "Gundam SEED"' s direct sequel, "Mobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny", in which he fights to stop a new war between the races' military organizations. Context_7 : Seed predation, often referred to as granivory, is a type of plant-animal interaction in which granivores (seed predators) feed on the seeds of plants as a main or exclusive food source, in many cases leaving the seeds damaged and not viable. Granivores are found across many families of vertebrates (especially mammals and birds) as well as invertebrates (mainly insects); thus, seed predation occurs in virtually all terrestrial ecosystems. Seed predation is commonly divided into two distinctive temporal categories, pre-dispersal and post-dispersal predation, which may involve different strategies and requirements and have different implications at the individual and population level. Nevertheless, regardless of timing, seed predation has great implications for plant population dynamics. To counterbalance effects of predation, plants have evolved defenses such as seed morphology (size, shape, toughness) and chemical defenses (secondary compounds such as tannins and alkaloids) to defend against their seed predators. However, as plants have adapted defenses to seed predation (e.g., chemical compounds), so have seed predators adapted to plant defenses (e.g., ability to detoxify chemical compounds). Thus, many interesting examples of coevolution arise from this dynamic relationship. Context_8 : An achene (Greek ἀ, "a", privative + χαίνειν, "chainein", to gape; also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp) is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the wall of the seed-vessel, which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like an outer coat. Context_9 : Emmer wheat, also known as farro especially in Italy, or hulled wheat, is a type of awned wheat. Emmer is a tetraploid (2n=4x=28 chromosomes). The domesticated species are "Triticum turgidum" subsp. "dicoccum" and "Triticum turgidum "conv." durum". The wild species is called "Triticum turgidum" subsp. "dicoccoides". The principal difference between the wild and the domestic species is that the ripened seed head of the wild species shatters and spreads the seed onto the ground, while in the domesticated emmer, the seed head remains intact, thus making it easier for humans to harvest the grain. Context_10 : SEED is a global partnership for action on sustainable development and the green economy. It was initiated in 2001 by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB). Under the name "SEED Initiative" it was presented as an “Example of Excellence” partnership inter alia by UNEP and BMUB at the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 where it was also registered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as a Type II Partnership. SEED was originally conceived as an acronym for Supporting Entrepreneurs for Environment and Development. fact_1 : Seed (subtitled "Science Is Culture"; originally "Beneath the Surface") is an online science magazine published by Seed Media Group. fact_2 : XLR8R (pronounced "accelerator") is a magazine and website that covers music, culture, style, and technology. Question: What type of publication are Seed and XLR8R?
Answer: | magazine | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Output: 1874May
From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input case for you: Context_1 : Billy, or William Johnson Hippopotamus, (1920s – October 11, 1955) was a pygmy hippopotamus given as a pet to U.S. President Calvin Coolidge. Captured in Liberia, he was given to Coolidge by Harvey Samuel Firestone in 1927. Billy spent most of his life in the National Zoo in Washington D.C.. In addition to his fame as an exotic presidential pet—which afforded him a trip to the 1939 New York World's Fair—Billy is also notable as the common ancestor to most pygmy hippos in American zoos. By the time of his death in 1955, Billy had sired 23 calves, 13 of whom survived at least a year. Context_2 : Professor Wale Adebanwi, (born 1969), is a Nigerian - born first Black African Rhodes Professor at Oxford University Context_3 : Augustine of Canterbury (born first third of the 6th century – died probably 26 May 604) was a Catholic Benedictine monk who became the first Archbishop of Canterbury in the year 597. He is considered the "Apostle to the English" and a founder of the Catholic Church in England. Context_4 : Socks Clinton (Spring 1989 – February 20, 2009) was the pet cat of U.S. President Bill Clinton's family during his presidency. As an adopted stray cat, he was the only pet of the Clintons during the early years of the administration, and his likeness hosted the children's version of the White House website. After Clinton left office, Socks resided with former Clinton secretary Betty Currie and her husband, owing to continuing conflicts with Clinton's dog Buddy. Context_5 : Dear Socks, Dear Buddy: Kids' Letters to the First Pets is a 1998 children's book written by First Lady of the United States Hillary Rodham Clinton. It concerns the two pets that lived in the White House during the Clinton administration, Socks the cat and Buddy the dog. Context_6 : Buddy (August 7, 1997 – January 2, 2002), a male chocolate-colored Labrador Retriever, was one of two pets kept by the Clinton family while Bill Clinton was President of the United States. The Clintons' other pet was a cat named Socks. Context_7 : Socks the Cat Rocks the Hill is an unreleased platform video game developed by Realtime Associates for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. The game stars Socks, the real life presidential pet of the Clinton family during Bill Clinton's tenure in office. Originally scheduled for release in the fall of 1993, "Socks the Cat" experienced delays until it was ultimately canceled due to the closure of publisher Kaneko's U.S. branch in the summer of 1994. The game was complete however, and review copies were still distributed to gaming publications. A prototype cartridge has entered the hands of private collectors, but the ROM image has not been released to the public. A Kickstarter campaign to fund a relaunch of the game was successfully funded and anticipates a 2017 release. Context_8 : Honor's Foxfire Liberty Hume (AKC Registration Number SB578950) was the Golden Retriever Presidential pet of Betty Ford and Gerald Ford. Liberty was born February 8, 1974 and given to the president as an 8-month-old puppy by his daughter Susan Ford and new White House photographer David Hume Kennerly in the fall of 1974. The breeder of the dark gold pup was Ann (Avis) Friberg of Mount Vernon, Washington. Context_9 : In Greek mythology, Despoina, Despoena or Despoine, was the daughter of Demeter and Poseidon and sister of Arion. She was the goddess of mysteries of Arcadian cults worshipped under the title "Despoina", "the mistress" alongside her mother Demeter, one of the goddesses of the Eleusinian mysteries. Her real name could not be revealed to anyone except those initiated to her mysteries. Pausanias spoke of Demeter as having two daughters; Kore being born first, then later Despoina. With Zeus being the father of Kore, and Poseidon as the father of Despoina. Pausanias made it clear that Kore is Persephone, though he wouldn't reveal Despoina's proper name. Context_10 : Socks is a children's novel written by Beverly Cleary, originally illustrated by Beatrice Darwin, and published in 1973. It won the William Allen White Children's Book Award. The title character of the book would eventually become the name for Socks Clinton, the cat of U.S. President Bill Clinton and family. fact_1 : Socks Clinton (Spring 1989 – February 20, 2009) was the pet cat of U.S. President Bill Clinton's family during his presidency. fact_2 : Buddy (August 7, 1997 – January 2, 2002), a male chocolate-colored Labrador Retriever, was one of two pets kept by the Clinton family while Bill Clinton was President of the United States. Question: Which presidential pet was born first, Socks Clinton, or Buddy?
Output: | Buddy | 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[EX Q]: Context_1 : The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i kemi" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, who died in 1896. These prizes are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, van 't Hoff received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_2 : The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Physics, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. All but the economics prize were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel prize in Economics, or The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for outstanding contributions in the field of Economics. Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Swedish Academy awards the Prize in Literature, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a cash prize that has varied throughout the years. Context_3 : This is a list of Danish Nobel laureates. Since the Nobel Prize was established per the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, 12 of the prize winners have been from Denmark. The first Danish Nobel laureate was Niels Ryberg Finsen, who won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1903 for his work in using light therapy to treat diseases. The most recent Danish Nobel Prize winner was Jens Skou who won the prize in chemistry for his discovery over the enzyme, Na+/K+-ATPase in 1997. To date, of the 13 Nobel Prizes won by Danish people, 5 have been for medicine, 3 have been for physics, 3 have been for literature, 1 has been for chemistry and one has been for peace. Context_4 : Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Context_5 : The Leverhulme Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every three years "for an outstandingly significant contribution in the field of pure or applied chemistry or engineering, including chemical engineering". It was created in 1960 after a donation by the Leverhulme Trust to mark the 300-year anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Society, and is accompanied by a £2000 gift. Since its creation it has been awarded 17 times, and unlike other Royal Society medals such as the Royal Medal, it has never been awarded to a woman or to the same person multiple times. Citizens of the United Kingdom have won the medal 16 out of the 17 times; the only foreign recipient was Man Mohan Sharma, an Indian citizen who was awarded the medal in 1996 "for his work on the dynamics of multi-phase chemical reactions in industrial processes". Two of the Leverhulme Medal winners also won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Archer John Porter Martin, who won the medal in 1963 for "his distinguished and fundamental discoveries in chromatography and its application" and the Nobel Prize in 1952, and Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, who won the medal in 1960 for "his outstanding contributions to physical chemistry" and the Nobel Prize in 1956. Context_6 : Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation equations underpinning Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity. Context_7 : The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin" ) is awarded annually by the Swedish Karolinska Institute to scientists and doctors in the various fields of physiology or medicine. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members and an executive secretary elected by the Karolinska Institute. While commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Medicine, Nobel specifically stated that the prize be awarded for "physiology or medicine" in his will. Because of this, the prize can be awarded in a broader range of fields. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, von Behring received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2008. In 2013, the prize was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof; they were recognised "after discovering how cells precisely transport material". The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Context_8 : The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_9 : Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Context_10 : The Wien effect is the experimentally-observed increase in ionic mobility or conductivity of electrolytes at very high gradient of electrical potential. A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_1 : A theoretical explanation has been proposed by Lars Onsager. fact_2 : He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Question: A theoretical explanation of the Wien effect has been proposed by a man awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in what year?
[EX A]: 1968
[EX Q]: Context_1 : "Home Is Such a Lonely Place" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for the group's seventh studio album, "California" (2016). The song was released as the third single from "California" on April 18, 2017 through BMG. It is a ballad with a finger-picked guitar and strings. Lyrically, the song revolves around the idea of letting go of the ones you love. Bassist Mark Hoppus and producer John Feldmann first began developing the song while discussing their families, and how tough it might be when their children grow up and leave home. The song was written by Hoppus, Feldmann, drummer Travis Barker, guitarist Matt Skiba, and songwriter David Hodges. Context_2 : Blink-182 (often stylized as blink-182; pronounced "blink one eighty two") is an American rock band formed in Poway, California in 1992. Since 2015, the lineup of the band has consisted of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus, drummer Travis Barker, and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba. Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge, Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor, the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor. Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action; in response, the band appended the meaningless number "-182". Context_3 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Context_4 : James M. Ingram is an American Recording Engineer based in Los Angeles, California. He first started working with Blink 182 members Mark Hoppus, and Travis Barker, at their studio in Los Angeles during the recording of the +44 album When Your Heart Stops Beating. During this time he also appeared as a frequent guest on Hoppus' podcast, "Hi My Name is Mark." Hoppus notes during podcast number 6, that this James Ingram is not to be confused with "THE James Ingram", the popular American soul musician. Context_5 : My Dinosaur Life is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on January 19, 2010 by Columbia Records. After many years on independent label Epitaph Records, Motion City Soundtrack signed to major label Columbia in 2006, prior to the release of their third album, "Even If It Kills Me" (2007). Blink-182 bassist Mark Hoppus returned to produce the album; he had previously worked with the band on their 2005 breakthrough "Commit This to Memory". Context_6 : Buddha is the third and final demo by the American rock band Blink-182. Recorded and released in January 1994 under the name Blink, it was the band's first recording to be sold and distributed. Blink-182 was formed in Poway, California, a suburb outside of San Diego, in August 1992. Guitarist Tom DeLonge and Mark Hoppus were introduced to one another by Hoppus' sister. The duo recruited drummer Scott Raynor and began to practice together in his bedroom, spending hours together writing music, attending punk shows and movies and playing practical jokes. The band had recorded two previous demos in Raynor's bedroom — "Flyswatter" and "Demo No.2" — using a four track recorder. Most of the tracks from the demo were re-recorded for their debut album "Cheshire Cat". Context_7 : Commit This to Memory is the second studio album by American rock band Motion City Soundtrack. Produced by Mark Hoppus, the album was released on June 7, 2005, in the United States by Epitaph Records. Motion City Soundtrack, formed in 1997, had first found success with their debut album, "I Am the Movie" (2002). The band toured in the interim years, creating positive word-of-mouth. In 2004, the band joined Blink-182 on the road for a string of shows, which led to their bassist, Mark Hoppus, joining the band in the studio for his first producing effort. Context_8 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known as the lead singer and programmer of electropunk band Mindless Self Indulgence. Context_9 : Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album of American rock band Blink-182. It was released on October 31, 2005 by Geffen Records. "Greatest Hits" was created by Geffen shortly after the band's February 2005 breakup, termed an "indefinite hiatus" by the label. Tensions had risen in the group and guitarist Tom DeLonge desired to take time off. Bassist Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker argued with DeLonge regarding the band's future and their possible next album, and heated exchanges led to DeLonge's exit. In the interim, Hoppus and Barker continued playing together in +44, and DeLonge formed his new outfit Angels & Airwaves. Context_10 : Hoppus On Music, previously titled A Different Spin with Mark Hoppus, is a talk show hosted by Blink-182 and +44 singer/bassist Mark Hoppus. The show premiered on September 16, 2010, on Fuse, and lasted until June 2012. The show formerly featured comedian Amy Schumer as the co-host. fact_1 : James Euringer (born September 7, 1969), known professionally as Jimmy Urine, is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. fact_2 : Mark Allan Hoppus (born March 15, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, record producer, and television personality best known as the bassist and co-lead vocalist for the pop punk band Blink-182. Question: Jimmy Urine and Mark Hoppus, have which mutual occupations?
[EX A]: singer, songwriter, and musician
[EX Q]: Context_1 : DOOM Incorporated is an American film production company based in Los Angeles, CA. The company was founded by award-winning film director and screenwriter Thomas Mignone. Context_2 : Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales and published by LucasArts. The game allows players to recreate moments (albeit more humorously) from the first three "Indiana Jones" films: "Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)", "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984)", and "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)". It features the same drop in/out co-operative play mode as seen in the "Lego Star Wars" video games, although it is restricted to local console play. The game was released on 3 June 2008 in the United States and Canada, and 6 June 2008 in Europe. A downloadable demo for Windows was made available on 13 May 2008. This game is based on the Lego Indiana Jones toy line. The Mac OS X version of the game was released on 4 December 2008 by Feral Interactive. Context_3 : The "Doom" novel series is a series of four near-future science fiction novels co-written by Dafydd ab Hugh and Brad Linaweaver; "Knee-Deep in the Dead", "Hell on Earth", "Infernal Sky", and "Endgame". The series is initially based on the "Doom" and "" first-person shooter video games created by Id Software, although there are multiple departures from the game in the first two novels, and the second two continue in an independent direction to the games' storylines. The novels are primarily written from the first-person perspective of Flynn Taggart, a corporal assigned to Fox Company of United States Marine Corps, although the perspective changes from character to character in the second and third novel. Context_4 : Indiana Jones is an American media franchise based on the adventures of Dr. Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones, Jr., a fictional tenured professor of archaeology. It began in 1981 with the film "Raiders of the Lost Ark". A prequel, "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom", followed in 1984, and a sequel, "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade", was released in 1989. A fourth film, "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", was released in 2008, and was the last in the series to be distributed by Paramount Pictures. The series was created by George Lucas; the films star Harrison Ford and are directed by Steven Spielberg. The Walt Disney Company has owned the "Indiana Jones" intellectual property since its acquisition of Lucasfilm, the series' production company, in 2012.A fifth film is planned for release on July 10, 2020, with both Spielberg and Ford returning. Context_5 : Terror from the Year 5000 (a.k.a. Cage of Doom in the UK) is a 1958 independently made American black-and-white science fiction film, produced by Robert J. Gurney Jr., Samuel Z. Arkoff, James H. Nicholson, and Gene Searchinger, directed by Robert J. Gurney Jr., that stars Ward Costello, Joyce Holden, John Stratton, Salome Jens, and Fred Herrick. The screenplay is based (uncredited) on the short story "Bottle Baby" by print/TV/film writer Henry Slesar, that was published in the science fiction magazine "Fantastic" (April 1957). American International Pictures released the film on a double bill with either "The Screaming Skull" or "The Brain Eaters". Context_6 : Rogue (also known as Rogue: Exploring the Dungeons of Doom) is a dungeon crawling video game by Michael Toy and Glenn Wichman and later contributions by Ken Arnold. "Rogue" was originally developed around 1980 for Unix-based mainframe systems as a freely-distributed executable (Public domain software). It was later included in the official Berkeley Software Distribution 4.2 operating system (4.2BSD). Commercial ports of the game for a range of personal computers were made by Toy, Wichman, and Jon Lane under the company A.I. Design and financially supported by the Epyx software publishers. Additional ports to modern systems have been made since by other parties using the game's now-open source code. Context_7 : Doom is a first-person shooter video game developed by id Software and published by Bethesda Softworks. A reboot of the "Doom" franchise, it is the fourth title in the main series and the first major installment since "Doom 3" in 2004. It was released worldwide on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on May 13, 2016 and is powered by id Tech 6. A port for Nintendo Switch developed by Panic Button is scheduled for release in Q4 2017. Context_8 : Russell Howard's Good News is a British comedy and topical news show which was broadcast on BBC Three between 2009 and 2014, and on BBC Two between 2014 and 2015. Hosted by comedian Russell Howard, it offered his commentary on the news of the week through mostly stand-up, along with sketches and humorous video clips, whilst also having guest appearances from people who have been featured in the media recently. It was made by independent production company Avalon Television and produced by Mark Iddon, Robyn O'Brien and David Howarth. Repeats of earlier episodes are also broadcast on Comedy Central, Dave and W. The show also made an appearance on "Children in Need 2011" and "Red Nose Day 2013", featuring a number of sketches from recent episodes, as well as a new segment of "It's Not All Doom and Gloom". In February 2013, users of Digital Spy voted "Good News" as the Best Show Ever on BBC Three in the run up to the channel's tenth anniversary. Context_9 : Sixty Watt Shaman is an American rock band known for incorporating hard rock with blues, southern rock, doom rock, punk rock and metal influences, originally based out of Eldersburg, Baltimore County, Montgomery County, and Montgomery Village, Maryland. The band play a diverse repertoire of hard hitting groove rock and ethereal psychedelic jams, with classic tube tones, echoing heavy blues, southern groove, doom, and even the ghostly spirit of historic Americana and Appalachian bluegrass. They formed in 1996 and recorded and released their first studio album in 1998. The band last recorded in 2002. The last official band tour was in late 2002 through January 2003; but, have made several reunion appearances since, including Desertfest Berlin and Desertfest London in 2014. The band continues efforts focused on festival events in the US and Europe, and in 2017 are writing and recording new music for release. They are widely regarded as innovators in their musical genre with the "Sixty Watt" sound, and have been both imitated and replicated by peers and bands who followed in their footsteps. Context_10 : Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited, and in 1999 became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first fifteen years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its own in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, and Bethesda Softworks became a publisher only. It currently also publishes games by ZeniMax Online Studios, id Software, Arkane Studios, MachineGames, Tango Gameworks and BattleCry Studios. fact_1 : Doom is a first-person shooter video game developed by id Software and published by Bethesda Softworks. fact_2 : Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. Question: Where is the company that made Doom based?
[EX A]: | Rockville, Maryland
| 6 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Output: 1874May
From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input case for you: Context_1 : Macbeth is a 1982 Hungarian dramatic experimental independent underground art television film directed by Béla Tarr. György Cserhalmi plays Macbeth while plays Lady Macbeth. The film is composed of only two shots: The first shot (before the main title) is five minutes long, the second 57 minutes long. The film has been screened during a retrospective held in honor of director Béla Tarr at the 33rd Moscow International Film Festival. Context_2 : Manuel "Manny" Hector Coto is a Cuban American writer, director and producer of films and television programs. Context_3 : The Man from London (Hungarian: A londoni férfi ) is a 2007 Hungarian film directed by Béla Tarr and Ágnes Hranitzky. It is an adaptation by Tarr and his collaborator-friend László Krasznahorkai of the 1934 French language novel "L'Homme de Londres" by prolific Belgian writer Georges Simenon. The film was co-directed by editor Ágnes Hranitzky, and features an international ensemble cast including Czech actor Miroslav Krobot, Tilda Swinton, and Hungarian actors János Derzsi and István Lénárt. The plot follows Maloin, a nondescript railway worker who recovers a briefcase containing a significant amount of money from the scene of a murder to which he is the only witness. Wracked by guilt and fear of being discovered, Maloin sinks into despondence and frustration, which leads to acrimony in his household. Meanwhile, an English police detective investigates the disappearance of the money and the unscrupulous characters connected to the crime. Context_4 : Damnation (Hungarian: Kárhozat ) is a 1987 black-and-white Hungarian film directed by Béla Tarr. The screenplay was co-written by Tarr and his frequent collaborator, László Krasznahorkai. Context_5 : Bela Tarr, the Time After ("Béla Tarr, le temps d'après") is a 2013 non-fiction book by Jacques Rancière about the films of Bela Tarr. Context_6 : Béla Tarr (born 21 July 1955) is a Hungarian film director. His body of work consists mainly of art films with philosophical themes and long takes. Context_7 : Sátántangó (] , meaning "Satan's Tango") is a 1994 Hungarian art drama film directed by Béla Tarr. Shot in black-and-white, it runs for more than seven hours. It is based on the novel "Satantango" by Hungarian novelist László Krasznahorkai, who had been providing Tarr with stories since his 1988 film "Damnation". Tarr had wanted to make the film since 1985 but was unable to proceed with the production due to the strict political environment in Hungary. Context_8 : Cover Up is a 1991 political thriller film directed by Manny Coto starring Dolph Lundgren and Louis Gossett Jr.. Coto was hired at the latest stage of pre-production right before filming, after writer / director William Tannen left the project. Context_9 : "Azati Prime" is the eighteenth episode of the of the American science fiction television series "", the 70th overall. The episode was written by Manny Coto from a story developed by Coto, Rick Berman and Brannon Braga. It was directed by Allan Kroeker, his second of the season. The episode featured several guest actors, including those playing members of the Xindi Council, as well as Matt Winston who reprised his role of Temporal Agent Daniels for the second time this season. Context_10 : The Turin Horse (Hungarian: A torinói ló ) is a 2011 Hungarian philosophical drama film directed by Béla Tarr and Ágnes Hranitzky, starring János Derzsi, Erika Bók and Mihály Kormos. It was co-written by Tarr and his frequent collaborator László Krasznahorkai. It recalls the whipping of a horse in the Italian city Turin which is rumoured to have caused the mental breakdown of philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. The film is in black-and-white, shot in only 30 long takes by Tarr's regular cameraman Fred Kelemen, and depicts the repetitive daily lives of the horse-owner and his daughter. fact_1 : Manuel "Manny" Hector Coto is a Cuban American writer, director and producer of films and television programs. fact_2 : Béla Tarr (born 21 July 1955) is a Hungarian film director. Question: Both Manny Coto and Béla Tarr are American director?
Output: | no | 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
question:
Context_1 : Stanley Weiser is an American screenwriter. He was born in New York City. He is a graduate of the NYU Film School. His screen credits include "Wall Street" and "W.", both directed by Oliver Stone. He also wrote the 20th Century Fox animal rights film, "Project X". He is credited for creating characters in the sequel to "Wall Street": "". In addition, he served as script consultant on Oliver Stone's "Nixon" and "Any Given Sunday". Context_2 : The Day Reagan Was Shot is a 2001 made-for-television film directed by Cyrus Nowrasteh and co-produced by Oliver Stone. The film stars Richard Dreyfuss as Alexander Haig and Richard Crenna as Ronald Reagan, and co-stars Michael Murphy, Holland Taylor, Kenneth Welsh and Colm Feore in leading supporting-turns. The film is loosely-based on events surrounding the Reagan assassination attempt on March 30, 1981 by John Hinckley, Jr., and depicts a crazed media frenzy, a divided White House cabinet and staff with little control, and a fictional threat of international crisis. Context_3 : Heaven & Earth is a 1993 American biographical war drama film written and directed by Oliver Stone, and starring Tommy Lee Jones, Haing S. Ngor, Joan Chen, and Hiep Thi Le. It is the third and final film in Stone's Vietnam War trilogy, which also includes "Platoon" (1986) and "Born on the Fourth of July" (1989). Context_4 : Mike Reagan is an American composer, songwriter and music producer whose music has been featured in multiple video games, television commercials, and various film projects, including "Any Given Sunday", and "Elmo in Grouchland", which garnered a Grammy Award for Best Children’s Soundtrack. Context_5 : Salvador is a 1986 American war drama film co-written and directed by Oliver Stone. Stone wrote the screenplay with Richard Boyle. It stars James Woods as Richard Boyle, alongside Jim Belushi, Michael Murphy and Elpidia Carrillo, with John Savage, and Cynthia Gibb in supporting roles. Context_6 : Rocky Balboa also known as Rocky VI is a 2006 American sports drama film written, directed by, and starring Sylvester Stallone. The film, which features Stallone as underdog boxer Rocky Balboa, is the sixth film in the "Rocky" series that began with the Academy Award-winning "Rocky" thirty years earlier in 1976. The film portrays an aging Balboa in retirement, a widower living in Philadelphia, and the owner and operator of a local Italian restaurant called "Adrian's," named after his late wife. Context_7 : Any Given Sunday is a 1999 American sports drama film directed by Oliver Stone depicting a fictional professional American football team. The film features an ensemble cast, including Al Pacino, Cameron Diaz, Dennis Quaid, Jamie Foxx, James Woods, LL Cool J, Ann-Margret, Lauren Holly, Matthew Modine, John C. McGinley, Charlton Heston, Bill Bellamy, Lela Rochon, Aaron Eckhart, Elizabeth Berkley, Marty Wright, and NFL players Jim Brown and Lawrence Taylor. It is partly based on the novel "On Any Given Sunday" by famed NFL defensive end Pat Toomay; the title is derived from a line in the book (also used in the film) that a team can win or lose on "any given Sunday", said by the fictitious coach Tony D'Amato. Context_8 : South Central is a 1992 American crime drama film, written and directed by Stephen Milburn Anderson. This film is an adaptation of the 1987 novel "Crips" by Donald Bakeer, a former high school teacher in South Central Los Angeles. The film stars Glenn Plummer, Byron Minns and Christian Coleman. "South Central" was produced by Oliver Stone and released by Warner Bros. The movie received wide critical acclaim, with "New Yorker Magazine" praising it as one of the year's best independent films. "South Central" also placed Stephen Milburn Anderson in the "New York Times" "Who's Who Among Hot New Filmmakers," along with Quentin Tarantino and Tim Robbins. The 1998 Edward Norton drama "American History X" is often compared to this film by critics and fans. Context_9 : William Oliver Stone (born September 15, 1946) is an American screenwriter, film producer, and director of motion pictures and documentaries. Stone won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay as writer of "Midnight Express" (1978). He also wrote the acclaimed gangster movie "Scarface" (1983). As a director, Stone achieved prominence as director/writer of the war drama "Platoon" (1986), for which Stone won the Academy Award for Best Director; the film was awarded Best Picture. "Platoon" was the first in a trilogy of films based on the Vietnam War, in which Stone served as an infantry soldier. He continued the series with "Born on the Fourth of July" (1989)—for which Stone won his second Best Director Oscar—and "Heaven & Earth" (1993). Stone's other notable works include the Salvadoran Civil War-based drama "Salvador" (1986); the financial drama "Wall Street" (1987) and its 2010 sequel ""; the Jim Morrison biopic "The Doors" (1991); and a trilogy of films based on the American Presidency—"JFK" (1991), "Nixon" (1995) and "W." (2008). His latest film is "Snowden" (2016). Context_10 : Creed is a 2015 American sports drama film directed by Ryan Coogler and written by Coogler and Aaron Covington. A spin-off and sequel to the "Rocky" film series, the film stars Michael B. Jordan as Adonis Johnson Creed, Apollo Creed's son, with Sylvester Stallone reprising the role of Rocky Balboa. It also features Tessa Thompson, Phylicia Rashād, Tony Bellew and Graham McTavish. The film reunites Jordan with "Fruitvale Station" writer/director Coogler, as well as Wood Harris, with whom Jordan had worked on "The Wire". fact_1 : Mike Reagan is an American composer, songwriter and music producer whose music has been featured in multiple video games, television commercials, and various film projects, including "Any Given Sunday", and "Elmo in Grouchland", which garnered a Grammy Award for Best Children’s Soundtrack. fact_2 : Any Given Sunday is a 1999 American sports drama film directed by Oliver Stone depicting a fictional professional American football team. Question: What year was the American sports drama film, directed by Oliver Stone and features music by Mike Reagan, released?
answer:
1999
question:
Context_1 : Elections to the 55th Parliament of New South Wales were held on Saturday, 26 March 2011. The 16-year-incumbent Australian Labor Party government led by Premier Kristina Keneally was defeated in a landslide by the Liberal–National Coalition opposition led by Barry O'Farrell. Labor suffered a two-party swing of 16.4 points, the largest against a sitting government at any level in Australia since World War II. From 48 seats at dissolution, Labor was knocked down to 20 seats—the worst defeat of a sitting government in New South Wales history, and one of the worst of a state government in Australia since federation. The Coalition picked up 34 seats to win a strong majority, with 69 seats. It is only the third time since 1941 that a NSW Labor government has been defeated. Context_2 : The fifth Robertson ministry was the 22nd ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the Premier, the Honourable Sir John Robertson KCMG. It was the fifth and final occasion that Robertson was Premier. Robertson was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in March 1856. Context_3 : The fourth Robertson ministry was the seventeenth ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the Honourable John Robertson. It was the fourth of five occasions that Robertson led the Government. Robertson was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in March 1856. Context_4 : Andrew Stuart Cornwell (born 29 December 1969) is a former Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from the 2011 election until 2014, representing the electorate of Charlestown. He was elected as a Liberal Party of Australia candidate, and represented that party until 6 August 2014, when he moved to the parliamentary crossbench and sat as an independent after the Independent Commission Against Corruption heard evidence that Cornwell may have breached electoral funding laws. After earlier announcing that would not contest his seat at the next state election, on 12 August 2014 Cornwell resigned from parliament with immediate effect triggering the 2014 Charlestown by-election. Context_5 : The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the lower of the two houses of the Parliament of New South Wales, an Australian state. The upper house is the New South Wales Legislative Council. Both the Assembly and Council sit at Parliament House in the state capital, Sydney. The Assembly is presided over by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. Context_6 : The third Robertson ministry was the fifteenth ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the Honourable John Robertson. It was the third of five occasions that Robertson was Premier. Robertson was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in March 1856. Context_7 : A by-election for the seat of Charlestown in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 25 October 2014. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Liberal-turned-independent MP Andrew Cornwell, who won the seat at the 2011 election with a 43.8 percent primary and 59.9 percent two-party vote. Context_8 : The Forster ministry was the fifth ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the Honourable William Forster. Forster was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in March 1856. He was asked to form Government after the second Cowper ministry lost an educational bill in the Assembly. Context_9 : The next New South Wales state election is scheduled to be held on Saturday 23 March 2019 to elect the 58th Parliament of New South Wales, including all 93 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and 21 of the 42 seats in the New South Wales Legislative Council. The eight-year two-term incumbent Liberal/National Coalition government, currently led by Premier Gladys Berejiklian, will attempt to win a third four-year term and will be challenged by the Labor opposition, currently led by Opposition Leader Luke Foley. Context_10 : The Parker ministry was the third ministry of the Colony of New South Wales, and was led by the Honourable Henry Parker. Parker was elected in the first free elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held in March 1856 and, following the failure of the Donaldson and Cowper Governments to maintain the confidence of the Assembly, was asked to form Government. fact_1 : He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from the 2011 election until 2014, representing the electorate of Charlestown. fact_2 : Elections to the 55th Parliament of New South Wales were held on Saturday, 26 March 2011. Question: When was the Election in which Andrew Cornwell was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly held?
answer:
Saturday, 26 March 2011
question:
Context_1 : "Fort Collins" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Hopsin, featuring Funk Volume label mate, Dizzy Wright. The song was released on September 3, 2015 and serves as the fourth and final single from Hopsin's fourth studio album, "Pound Syndrome". The song is named after Fort Collins, Colorado, which was the scene where Hopsin suffered a mental breakdown before he was due to perform on stage, causing him to leave prematurely. "Fort Collins" is also the final single Hopsin released on Funk Volume before his departure from the label in early 2016. Context_2 : The Fort Collins Municipal Railway operated streetcars in Fort Collins, Colorado, from 1919 until 1951. Since 1984, a section of one of the former routes has been in operation as a seasonal heritage streetcar service, under the same name, running primarily on Spring and Summer weekends. The heritage service is operated by volunteers from the Fort Collins Municipal Railway Society (FCMRS). The streetcar in use on the heritage line, Birney "Safety" Streetcar No. 21, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Context_3 : Granby Dam (National ID # CO01656) is an earthfill dam that dams the Colorado River 5.5 mi northeast of Granby, Colorado in Grand County, Colorado. This 298 ft -tall dam was constructed between 1941 and 1950 and has a drainage area of 311 sqmi . The Granby Dam's reservoir is known as Lake Granby, the largest reservoir component of the Colorado-Big Thompson Project. Lake Granby stores Colorado River water that is diverted under the Continental Divide for agriculture and municipal use within north-eastern Colorado including the cities of Boulder, Fort Collins, Loveland, and Greeley. In addition to the waters of the Colorado, water from Willow Creek just below the dam is pumped up 175 ft to Lake Granby. Water from Lake Granby is pumped 125 ft higher by the Granby Pumping Plant to the Granby Pump Canal, which extents 1.8 mi to Shadow Mountain Lake, from which water is diverted through the Alva B. Adams Tunnel to the East Slope. Context_4 : The Gardens on Spring Creek is an 18 acre (72,843 m²) botanical garden located on the Spring Creek corridor in Fort Collins, Colorado. The entrance is at 2145 Centre Avenue in Fort Collins. The gardens are owned by the city of Fort Collins. Context_5 : The Fort Collins Museum of Discovery (formerly the Fort Collins Museum & Discovery Science Center) is a partnership of two educational institutions that merged in 2008 to create a combined science and cultural resource for Fort Collins and northern Colorado. Context_6 : Allegiant Air is an American low-cost airline that operates scheduled and charter flights. It is wholly owned by Allegiant Travel Company (NASDAQ: ALGT ), a publicly traded company with 3,700 employees and over $2.6 billion USD market capitalization. The corporate headquarters are in Summerlin, Nevada, a suburb of Las Vegas. Context_7 : The Thompson R2-J School District is located in Loveland, Colorado and covers schools in Loveland, Berthoud, Masonville, Drake, and the southern part of Fort Collins. It is the 16th largest school district in Colorado, serving more than 16,000 students within 30 schools. Context_8 : The Loveland Chamber of Commerce is a membership-based organization of more than 700 companies and 16,000 individuals in northern Colorado and serves as the driving force for business in Loveland, promoting business and community prosperity. The Chamber focuses on four pillars to accelerate and sustains businesses which are connections, visibility, education and advocacy. The Loveland Chamber is one of the founding members of the Northern Colorado Legislative Alliance, along with the Fort Collins and Greeley chambers of commerce. Context_9 : Northern Colorado Regional Airport (IATA: FNL, ICAO: KFNL, FAA LID: FNL) is a public use airport located nine nautical miles (10 mi, 17 km) southeast of the central business district of Fort Collins and northeast of Loveland, both cities in Larimer County, Colorado, United States. It is mostly used for general aviation; scheduled passenger jet service operated by Allegiant Air nonstop to Las Vegas was discontinued in October 2012. The airport supports commercial flights non-stop to Chicago Rockford International Airport by Elite Airways. Context_10 : Joseph Mason, known as the "Father of Fort Collins, Colorado", was an early white homesteader in Larimer County, Colorado in the 1860s. Mason settled a large tract of land along the Cache la Poudre River in present-day north Fort Collins, and he played in an instrumental role in persuading the United States Army to found Camp Collins along the river adjacent to his property in 1864. He became prominent in politics and business in Fort Collins after the founding of the town in 1867, and served in several official posts, including Sheriff of Larimer County. fact_1 : Northern Colorado Regional Airport (IATA: FNL, ICAO: KFNL, FAA LID: FNL) is a public use airport located nine nautical miles (10 mi, 17 km) southeast of the central business district of Fort Collins and northeast of Loveland, both cities in Larimer County, Colorado, United States. fact_2 : It is mostly used for general aviation; scheduled passenger jet service operated by Allegiant Air nonstop to Las Vegas was discontinued in October 2012. fact_3 : It is wholly owned by Allegiant Travel Company (NASDAQ: ALGT ), a publicly traded company with 3,700 employees and over $2.6 billion USD market capitalization. Question: Which air-line flies through Fort Collins - Loveland Municipal Airport and employees 3,700 employees?
answer:
| 3,700 employees
| 9 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Oriental studies is the academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology; in recent years the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Asian studies and Middle Eastern studies. Traditional Oriental studies in Europe is today generally focused on the discipline of Islamic studies, while the study of China, especially traditional China, is often called Sinology and the study of East Asia, especially in the United States, is often called East Asian studies. Context_2 : William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. He also served in the United States House of Representatives and as the United States Secretary of State under Woodrow Wilson. Because of his faith in the wisdom of the common people, he was often called "The Great Commoner". Context_3 : Ruth Baird Bryan Leavitt Owen Rohde, best remembered as Ruth Bryan Owen, (October 2, 1885 – July 26, 1954) was a politician and the first woman appointed as a United States ambassador. The daughter of attorney William Jennings Bryan and Mary E. Baird, she was a Democrat, who in 1929 was elected as Florida’s (and the South's) first woman US Representative, coming from Florida’s 4th district. Representative Owen was also the first woman to earn a seat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Context_4 : An urn is a vase, often with a cover, that usually has a somehat narrowed neck above a rounded body and a footed pedestal. Describing a vessel as an "urn", as opposed to a vase or other terms, generally reflects its use rather than any particular shape or origin. The term is especially often used for funerary urns, vessels used in burials, either to hold the cremated ashes or as grave goods, but is used in many other contexts; in catering large vessels for serving tea or coffee are often called "tea-urns", even when they are metal cylinders of purely functional design. Large sculpted vases are often called urns, whether placed outdoors, in gardens or as architectural ornaments on buildings, or kept inside. Context_5 : Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, often called chin cactus, is a species of cactus from South America commonly grown as a houseplant. The most popular cultivars are varied mutants which completely lack chlorophyll, exposing the red, orange or yellow pigmentation. These cultivars are often called "moon cactus". Since chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis, these mutations die as seedlings unless grafted onto another cactus with normal chlorophyll. Context_6 : In mathematics, the lexicographic or lexicographical order (also known as lexical order, dictionary order, alphabetical order or lexicographic(al) product) is a generalization of the way the alphabetical order of words is based on the alphabetical order of their component letters. This generalization consists primarily in defining a total order over the sequences (often called words in computer science) of elements of a finite totally ordered set, often called alphabet. Context_7 : Bryan Owen "Pete" Young (born March 19, 1968) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. A right-hander, he played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball for the Montreal Expos in 1992 and 1993. He appeared in 17 games, all as a relief pitcher. He attended Mississippi State University, where he participated in college baseball. Context_8 : The Gandhi family is the family of Mohandas Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) who was the distinguished leader of the Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. Mahatma Gandhi is also officially called the Father of the Nation; a title given to him by Subhas Chandra Bose on 6 July 1944 during his address on the Singapore Radio. On 28 April 1947, Sarojini Naidu too referred Gandhi with the title "Father of the Nation". Gandhi is also referred to as Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for "father", in India. In common parlance in India he is often called Gandhiji. An anonymous journalist from Jetpur town in Saurashtra, in an anonymous letter referred Mohandas KaramChand Gandhi as "Mahatma" (Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable"), for the first time while he was still in South Africa. Context_9 : Golden Clouds was the name given by Ruth Bryan Owen, the first female US ambassador, to her house in Oracabessa, Jamaica. It is situated between Goldeneye, where Ian Fleming wrote many of the James Bond novels, and Noël Coward's Firefly Estate. The award-winning ocean front 12-bedroom estate is on 7 acre of manicured lawn and gardens with over 500 ft of shoreline and its own private beach. Context_10 : An analytical balance (often called a "lab balance") is a class of balance designed to measure small mass in the sub-milligram range. The measuring pan of an analytical balance (0.1 mg or better) is inside a transparent enclosure with doors so that dust does not collect and so any air currents in the room do not affect the balance's operation. This enclosure is often called a draft shield. The use of a mechanically vented balance safety enclosure, which has uniquely designed acrylic airfoils, allows a smooth turbulence-free airflow that prevents balance fluctuation and the measure of mass down to 1 μg without fluctuations or loss of product. Also, the sample must be at room temperature to prevent natural convection from forming air currents inside the enclosure from causing an error in reading. Single pan mechanical substitution balance maintains consistent response throughout the useful capacity is achieved by maintaining a constant load on the balance beam, thus the fulcrum, by subtracting mass on the same side of the beam to which the sample is added. fact_1 : Ruth Baird Bryan Leavitt Owen Rohde, best remembered as Ruth Bryan Owen, (October 2, 1885 – July 26, 1954) was a politician and the first woman appointed as a United States ambassador. fact_2 : The daughter of attorney William Jennings Bryan and Mary E. Baird, she was a Democrat, who in 1929 was elected as Florida’s (and the South's) first woman US Representative, coming from Florida’s 4th district. fact_3 : William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. fact_4 : Because of his faith in the wisdom of the common people, he was often called "The Great Commoner". Question: What was the father of Ruth Bryan Owen often called?
Ex Output:
The Great Commoner
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Charlotte "Charlie" Bruce (born 1990), is a British jazz dancer from Cropston, Leicestershire, who won the first series of "So You Think You Can Dance (UK)". She trained in dance at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts (previously the Arts Educational School Tring) and both dance and musical theatre at Laine Theatre Arts, a performing arts college in Epsom, Surrey. She was the youngest contestant in SYTYCD. Context_2 : St. Anne's School is an independent co-educational school located at Saraswati Nagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India, and founded by Mrs. Annie Cherian in 1983. It is governed by the St. Anne's School Society, a society formed under the Rajasthan Societies Registration Act. Context_3 : Thetford Grammar School is an independent co-educational school in Thetford, Norfolk, England. The school might date back to the 7th century, which would make it one of the oldest schools in the United Kingdom. Context_4 : Springbank School, founded in 1996, is an independent co-educational school in Kerikeri, Bay of Islands, New Zealand. The school caters for students aged Year 1-13 and is situated on 14ha of rural land near Kerikeri airport. Context_5 : Norfolk Academy (NA) is an independent co-educational day school in Norfolk, Virginia. Chartered in 1728, In 1966, Norfolk Academy merged with Country Day School for Girls in Virginia Beach, Virginia to create the current co-educational school. It serves students in Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Virginia Beach, and Suffolk. Context_6 : Tanjong Katong Secondary School, also known as TK, is an independent co-educational school located in Katong Mountbatten, Singapore. Before becoming independent, the school was named by the Ministry of Education (MOE) as the 'Best Non-Independent and Non-Autonomous Secondary School' in Singapore. TK was presented the 'Ministry of Education's School Excellence Award in 2007 and 2011, which recognises "excellence in both education processes and outcomes". The school celebrated its Golden Jubilee - '50 years of establishment' in 2006. Context_7 : Rougemont School (Welsh: "Ysgol Rougemont") is an independent co-educational school located in the manor-house Llantarnam Hall in South Wales. The school offers education for three to eighteen-year-olds. There are 78 full-time and 10 part-time staff, and the total number of pupils is approximately 600. Context_8 : St. Andrew's College Christchurch, New Zealand is a private, co-educational school that enrolls from pre-school to secondary Year 13. It was founded in 1917 and it is the only independent, co-educational primary and secondary school in New Zealand's South Island. Although now a fully co-educational school, it was formerly an all-boys school. It became fully co-educational in 2001. The current rector of St Andrew's College, known as StAC, is Christine Leighton. Context_9 : Tring Park School for the Performing Arts is an independent co-educational school specializing in dance. Originally known as the Arts Educational School, Tring Park, it was founded as the sister school of the Arts Educational School, London. In 2009 it became independent of the London school and was renamed Tring Park School for the Performing Arts. Context_10 : Cranbrook is an independent co-educational school, located in Ilford, Greater London, England. The Cognita Group own and operate the school. The school covers the full range of academic years from Nursery to Year 11. They have merged with 'Glenarm College' (another Cognita school). fact_1 : She trained in dance at Tring Park School for the Performing Arts (previously the Arts Educational School Tring) and both dance and musical theatre at Laine Theatre Arts, a performing arts college in Epsom, Surrey. fact_2 : Tring Park School for the Performing Arts is an independent co-educational school specializing in dance. Question: What is the name of the independent co-educational school specializing in dance that Charlie Bruce trained at?
Ex Output:
Tring Park School for the Performing Arts
Ex Input:
Context_1 : SM-Chile is a holding company for Banco de Chile. Until 1996, when its Board of Shareholders agreed to become an investment company with exclusive turn, governed by Law No. 19,396, changing its name to Bank of Parent Company Chile SA' Simultaneously, the parent company of Banco de Chile SA created a commercial bank under the name Banco de Chile and was transferred all its assets and liabilities, excluding subordinated obligation call with the Central Bank of Chile, obligation undertaken following the banking crisis of the years 1982 - 1984 and the consequent bailout carried out by the Central Bank. After this transformation, the sole shareholder of Banco de Chile was the parent company of Banco de Chile SA Context_2 : Wesfarmers Limited is an Australian conglomerate, headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, with interests predominantly in Australian and New Zealand retail, chemicals, fertilisers, coal mining and industrial and safety products. With AU$65.98 billion in the 2016 financial year, it is the largest Australian company by revenue, overtaking Woolworths and BHP Billiton. Wesfarmers is the largest private employer in Australia, with approximately 205,000 employees. Context_3 : A parent company guarantee (PCG) is a guarantee by a parent company of a contractor’s performance under its contract with its client, where the contractor is a subsidiary of the parent company. Context_4 : In corporate finance, Structural subordination is the concept that a lender to a company will not have access to the assets of the company's subsidiary until after all of the subsidiary's creditors have been paid and the remaining assets have been distributed up to the company as an equity holder. For example, if a lender loans money to a parent company, that lender is structurally subordinated to a lender who loaned money to a subsidiary operating company which is lower down in the company organizational structure. The operating company lender is structurally senior, and the parent company lender can only be repaid from the operating assets after the operating company lender has been repaid. Context_5 : Pivotal Games Limited was a British video game developer based in Corston, England, founded in March 2000 by fifteen ex-Pumpkin Studios employees, after it was shut down by its parent company, Eidos Interactive. Led by Jim Bambra, Nick Cook and Alex McLean, of which Bambra and Cook had previously founded Pumpkin Studios in August 1996, the studio was formed under the Kaboom Studios umbrella, in order to establish a publishing relationship to Sales Curve Interactive (SCi, later renamed SCi Games). Between 2002 and 2008, Pivotal Games developed all installments in the "Conflict" series, as well as "The Great Escape", based on the film of the same name. In September 2003, after financial struggles of parent company Kaboom Studios, who had at that point had already closed down sister studios Attention to Detail and Silicon Dreams Studio, SCi showed interest in acquiring the company. Kaboom Studios went into receivership on 9 September 2003, with all remaining assets, including still-active Pivotal Games, being transferred to Ernst & Young for sale. On 29 September 2003, SCi acquired Pivotal Games from Ernst & Young for a total of GB£ . In May 2005, SCi Games finalised its acquisition and merger with Eidos plc, the parent of Eidos Interactive, which would become in charge of SCi Games' subsidiaries. In March 2008, SCi Games closed down fourteen operating projects to counter a GB£ net loss from the preceding fiscal year, leading to rumors that Pivotal Games was also to be closed. On 14 July 2008, it was officially announced that the studio was to shut its doors, and 99 staff had already been made redundant, leaving only a team of 10–12 specialist personnel. Pivotal Games was closed on 13 August 2008. Context_6 : 4th & B'way Records (pronounced and spelled out completely as Fourth and Broadway Records in the UK) was a US-based subsidiary of Island Records that specialized in street-oriented music such as hip hop. Established in 1984, it was the flagship label of the Island Trading Company, the independent-distribution parent company of Island's other record labels that operated in the US. However, 4th & B'way was not distributed through major-label channels—the flagship Island label was distributed by Atlantic Records at that time—until the label and distribution company were acquired by PolyGram Records in 1989, when Island Trading became a unit of PolyGram Group Distribution and was renamed Independent Label Sales (ILS). It was also one of several US-based Island labels that were named after nearby New York City streets when Island's US headquarters were located at 14 East 4th Street in Manhattan, the same building that held the legendary Greenwich Village branch of Tower Records, and also nearby at 400 Lafayette Street. When Island moved its headquarters to the Worldwide Plaza Building at 825 8th Avenue in 1995, where PolyGram's US headquarters were also located, the empty 4th Street offices became the headquarters of V2 Records. Context_7 : Zayre was a chain of discount stores that operated in the eastern half of the United States from 1956 to 1990. The company's headquarters was in Framingham, Massachusetts. In October 1988, Zayre's parent company, Zayre Corp., sold the stores to the competing Ames Department Stores, Inc. chain, and in June 1989, Zayre Corp. merged with one of its subsidiaries, The TJX Companies, parent company of T.J. Maxx. A number of stores retained the Zayre name until 1990, by which time all stores were either closed or converted into Ames stores. (The TJX Companies, which also owns Marshalls, HomeGoods, and Sierra Trading Post, is still in operation as of 2017.) Context_8 : Charlie the Tuna is the cartoon mascot and spokes-tuna for the StarKist brand. He was created in 1961 by Tom Rogers of the Leo Burnett Agency after StarKist hired Leo Burnett in 1958. StarKist Tuna is the name of a brand of tuna currently owned by Dongwon Industries, a South Korea-based conglomerate. StarKist itself is based in Pittsburgh, the home of its former parent company, H. J. Heinz Company, sharing its headquarters on the site of Three Rivers Stadium with another former parent company, Del Monte Foods' Pittsburgh headquarters. Context_9 : CSBP Limited is an Australian fertiliser and chemical company based in Kwinana, Western Australia. It is a subsidiary of WesCEF, which in turn is part of the industrials division of the Wesfarmers conglomerate. Context_10 : Hainan HNA Infrastructure Investment Group Co., Ltd. formerly Hainan Island Construction Co., Ltd. is a Chinese listed company based in Haikou. in mid-2016 the company acquired HNA Infrastructure Group () in a reverse IPO from intermediate parent company HNA Infrastructure Holding Group (), which HNA Infrastructure Group is the parent company of HNA Real Estate and HNA Airport Group (, in turn HNA Airport Group is the parent company of HNA Airport Holdings (Group) () and HNA Airport Holdings is the parent company of Sanya Phoenix International Airport Co., Ltd.); HNA Airport Group is the largest shareholder of Haikou Meilan International Airport (19.58% as at October 2016), which in turn the largest shareholder of Hong Kong listed company HNA Infrastructure. In December 2016 a proposed capital increase of the HK-listed company was announced. HNA Infrastructure Investment Group would purchase a minority share directly. Haikou Meilan International Airport was the second-largest shareholder of Hainan Airlines; Hainan Airlines, however, also owned a minority stake in Haikou Meilan International Airport. fact_1 : It is a subsidiary of WesCEF, which in turn is part of the industrials division of the Wesfarmers conglomerate. fact_2 : Wesfarmers Limited is an Australian conglomerate, headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, with interests predominantly in Australian and New Zealand retail, chemicals, fertilisers, coal mining and industrial and safety products. Question: In which city is the headquarters of the parent company of WesCEF ?
Ex Output:
| Perth
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
[Q]: Context_1 : The Amazing Spider-Man 2 (also released as The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro in some markets) is a 2014 American superhero film featuring the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. The film was directed by Marc Webb and was produced by Avi Arad and Matt Tolmach. It is the fifth theatrical "Spider-Man" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and is the sequel to 2012's "The Amazing Spider-Man", it is also the final film in "The Amazing Spider-Man" franchise. The studio hired James Vanderbilt to write the screenplay and Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci to rewrite it. The film stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Dane DeHaan as Green Goblin / Harry Osborn, Campbell Scott and Embeth Davidtz as Peter's parents, and Sally Field as Aunt May, with the addition of a new cast including Paul Giamatti as Rhino / Aleksei Sytsevich and Jamie Foxx as Electro / Max Dillon. Context_2 : Spider-Man is a 2002 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and based on the Marvel Comics comic book series titled "The Amazing Spider-Man". The film stars Tobey Maguire as Peter Parker, a high school student living in New York City, who turns to crimefighting after developing spider-like super powers. "Spider-Man" also stars Kirsten Dunst as Peter's love interest Mary Jane Watson, Willem Dafoe as Norman Osborn/Green Goblin, Rosemary Harris and Cliff Robertson as Aunt May and Uncle Ben, and James Franco as his best friend Harry Osborn. Context_3 : Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". It was directed by Sam Raimi from a screenplay by Raimi, Ivan Raimi and Alvin Sargent. It is the final film in Raimi's original "Spider-Man" film trilogy, following "Spider-Man" (2002) and "Spider-Man 2" (2004). The film stars Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, Thomas Haden Church, Topher Grace, Bryce Dallas Howard, Rosemary Harris, J. K. Simmons, James Cromwell, and Cliff Robertson in his final acting appearance before his death in 2011. Following the events of "Spider-Man 2", Peter Parker has become a cultural phenomenon as Spider-Man, while Mary Jane "M.J." Watson continues her Broadway career. Harry Osborn still seeks vengeance for his father's death, and an escaped Flint Marko falls into a particle accelerator and is transformed into a shape-shifting sand manipulator. An extraterrestrial symbiote crashes to Earth and bonds with Peter, influencing his behavior for the worse. Context_4 : Lucy Gordon (22 May 1980 – 20 May 2009) was an English actress and model. She became a face of CoverGirl in 1997 before starting an acting career. Her first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have small roles in "Spider-Man 3", "Serendipity" and "The Four Feathers". Gordon had played the actress and singer Jane Birkin in the film "", a biopic of singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg. Before the film was released, she was found hanged in her flat in Paris on 20 May 2009 after committing suicide. Context_5 : "Dying Wish" is a three-issue comic book storyline in "The Amazing Spider-Man", first published by Marvel Comics between November and December 2012 and featuring the fictional superhero Spider-Man. Starting with a prologue in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #698 and ending in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #700, "Dying Wish" brought over fifty years of Marvel's publication of "The Amazing Spider-Man" comic series to an end, and ushered in the new series "The Superior Spider-Man" in January 2013. The story concluded a storyline started in "The Amazing Spider-Man" #600 where it is revealed that the Spider-Man villain Doctor Octopus is terminally ill from his years of crime and fighting superheroes. Aware of his impending death, Doctor Octopus sets in motion a series of plans to create his legacy, that ran through the March 2012 story "Ends of the Earth" and finished in "Dying Wish", where the villain successfully swapped consciousnesses with Spider-Man's alter ego Peter Parker, thrusting the hero into his decaying body. Context_6 : The Superior Spider-Man was a superhero comic book series that was published by Marvel Comics that ran between January 2013 and June 2014. The series was written by Dan Slott with artwork by Ryan Stegman, Humberto Ramos, and Giuseppe Camuncoli. It features a reformed Otto Octavius who has taken over Peter Parker's body, and, having allowed Peter to die in Octavius' body but being affected by Peter's memories, is determined to be a better Spider-Man than Peter ever was, and a better man than Otto Octavius. The title replaced the long running series "The Amazing Spider-Man", after the conclusion of the "Dying Wish" storyline, as the core Spider-Man book. The Superior Spider-Man also crosses over into other Spider-man titles such as Avenging Spider-Man and its superseding title Superior Spider-Man Team-Up, as well as many other Marvel titles. The series ended with issue 31, which determined the fate of Otto Octavius' mind, and was followed by the next volume of "The Amazing Spider-Man", in which Peter Parker has regained his body and the Spider-Man mantle. Context_7 : The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book. It is the fourth theatrical "Spider-Man" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's "Spider-Man" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it. The film was directed by Marc Webb. It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker. The film tells the story of Peter Parker, a teenager from New York who becomes Spider-Man after being bitten by a genetically altered spider. Parker must stop Dr. Curt Connors as a mutated lizard, from spreading a mutation serum to the city's human population. Context_8 : Avenging Spider-Man is the title of an American comic book series published monthly by Marvel Comics, featuring the adventures of the fictional superhero Spider-Man. The events in the story take place in the primary continuity of the mainstream Marvel Universe along with the events of "The Amazing Spider-Man" and later "The Superior Spider-Man". This was the first ongoing series to feature Spider-Man as the main character besides "The Amazing Spider-Man" since the cancellation of "Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man" and the second volume of "Sensational Spider-Man" in December 2008 following the conclusion of the "" storyline. "Avenging Spider-Man" has also been instrumental in Marvel's shift towards including codes to receive free digital copies of the comic with purchased print comic books. Context_9 : Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough, Miles Millar, and Michael Chabon. The sequel to the 2002 film "Spider-Man", it is the second film in Raimi's Spider-Man film trilogy based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, and James Franco reprise their respective roles as Peter Parker "/" Spider-Man, Mary Jane "M.J." Watson and Harry Osborn. Context_10 : Spider-Man is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Universe debuting in the anthology comic book series issue "Amazing Fantasy" #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comics published by Marvel Comics. After his debut he would get his own comic book entitled "The Amazing Spider-Man". The comic book series would introduce many of what would become his major supervillain adversaries. Spider-Man would then be popular enough for more Spider-Man comic spinoffs ("The Spectacular Spider-Man", "Marvel Team-Up", "Web of Spider-Man", "" etc.) which introduced more recurring enemies of the web-slinger. fact_1 : Lucy Gordon (22 May 1980 – 20 May 2009) was an English actress and model. fact_2 : Her first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have small roles in "Spider-Man 3", "Serendipity" and "The Four Feathers". fact_3 : Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man". Question: Lucy Gordon's first film was "Perfume" in 2001 before going on to have a small role in "Spider-Man 3", an American superhero film based on the fictional Marvel Comics comic book series "The Amazing Spider-Man" from what year?
[A]: 2007
[Q]: Context_1 : William Clayton was a U.S. pulp magazine publisher. His company published "Snappy Stories", a men's magazine which was launched in 1912. He published many western pulps, and in 1930 launched "Astounding Stories", which is still being published (as of 2016) under the title "Analog Science Fiction and Fact". Context_2 : Hugo Montgomery-Swan (HMS) (born 19 April 1962) is an English entrepreneur and publisher who has made his reputation as a musician, songwriter, author, journalist, offshore powerboater and concert promoter. He first entered the world of publishing in 1994 with a powerboating magazine called "RIB Magazine", which in 2012 was re-titled "Powerboat and Rib Magazine". Founded in March 2009 a new publishing company Oyster House Media was set up. This company published "Bass Guitar Magazine" alongside "Drummer", "Acoustic", and "Guitar Buyer" magazines. In May 2012 Oyster House Media engaged in an involuntary liquidation. The result of which was Blaze Publishing buying the rights to the Oyster House Media music magazine titles and associated live events. Context_3 : Columbia Publications was an American publisher of pulp magazines featuring the genres of science fiction, westerns, detective stories, romance, and sports fiction. The company published such writers as Isaac Asimov, Louis L'Amour, Arthur C. Clarke, Randall Garrett, Edward D. Hoch, and William Tenn. Operating from the mid-1930s to 1960, Columbia's most notable magazines were the science fiction pulps "Future Science Fiction", "Science Fiction", and "Science Fiction Quarterly". Other long-running titles included "Double Action Western Magazine" (1934–1960), "Real Western" (1935–1960), "Western Action" (1936–1960), "Famous Western" (1937–1960), "Today's Love Stories" (1938–1959), and "Super Sports" (1939–1957). In addition to pulp magazines, the company also published some paperback novels, primarily in the science fiction genre. Context_4 : The World Publishing Company was an American publishing company founded by Alfred H. Cahen. Originally headquartered in Cleveland, the company later added an office in New York City. The company published genre fiction, trade paperbacks, children's literature, nonfiction books, textbooks, Bibles, and dictionaries, primarily from 1940 to 1980. Authors published by World Publishing Company include Ruth Nanda Anshen, Michael Crichton, Simone de Beauvoir, Robert Ludlum, Sam Moskowitz, Ayn Rand, Rex Stout, Gay Talese, and Lin Yutang. The company's Cleveland headquarters were located in the Caxton Building. Context_5 : Gutsoon! Entertainment, Inc. is a now defunct publisher of English translated manga. The company, headquartered in Encino, Los Angeles, served as the US subsidiary of Coamix, which was founded by Nobuhiko Horie and manga artist Tsukasa Hojo. The company published the English manga anthology "Raijin Comics", a U.S. equivalent to the Japanese "Weekly Comic Bunch" and published many of the same titles ("Fist of the Blue Sky" and "City Hunter"), as well titles from other magazines such as the Japanese "Weekly Shōnen Jump". "Raijin Comics" began as a weekly magazine with its first issue (dated December 18, 2002), but switched to being a monthly publication beginning with its 36th issue (dated September 2003). Gutsoon! also published a companion magazine to "Raijin Comics", titled "Raijin Game & Anime" (originally called "Fujin Magazine"), which lasted only 20 issues before being merged into the pages of "Raijin Comics". The collected volumes of "Raijin Comics" titles were published under the "Raijin Graphic Novels" imprint. Raijin Comics also has a mascot called "Raijin Maru". Before the company's fall they were also planning to make a shōjo manga magazine called "Smile Magazine". Context_6 : Tiger Beat is an American teen fan magazine originally published by The Laufer Company, and marketed primarily to adolescent girls. Context_7 : This is a list of companies that have produced tabletop role-playing games, listed in order of the year that the company published its first role-playing game-related product (game, supplement, or magazine). Also listed is the years the company was active, and a list of notable role-playing games the company has produced. This list makes note of the first edition of each game which a company published, and does not try to list subsequent editions of the same game published by the same company. Context_8 : Lewis Kristian Marnell (3 December 1982 – 18 January 2013) was a professional skateboarder from Melbourne, Australia who was Slam Magazine's 2008 "Skater of the Year". Marnell died in January 2013, following complications related to type 1 (juvenile) diabetes, a condition that was diagnosed when he was 10 years old. Numerous tributes were published following Marnell's death and his longtime skateboard deck sponsor, Almost Skateboards, continues to use the hashtag "#LewisMarnellForever"—on 15 and 29 July 2014, the company published the hashtag with 2006 video footage of Marnell skateboarding in Japan. Context_9 : Bop magazine was a monthly American entertainment magazine for kids 10 years of age and teens. It began publication in the summer of 1983 and was published by Laufer Media, which also publishes "Tiger Beat" magazine. The headquarters of "Bop" was in Studio City, California. Context_10 : Major Publications, also known was Major Magazines, was the publisher of the satirical magazine "Cracked", the most durable imitator of "Mad" magazine. Founded by Robert C. Sproul in 1958, the company generally imitated other publishers' successes in various genres, such as Westerns, men's adventure, and the Warren Publications mid-1960s revival of horror comics. Even as the company chased publishing trends, its long-running flagship title was "Cracked", which the company published from 1958–1985. fact_1 : Bop magazine was a monthly American entertainment magazine for kids 10 years of age and teens. fact_2 : It began publication in the summer of 1983 and was published by Laufer Media, which also publishes "Tiger Beat" magazine. fact_3 : Tiger Beat is an American teen fan magazine originally published by The Laufer Company, and marketed primarily to adolescent girls. Question: What company published Bop magazine?
[A]: The Laufer Company
[Q]: Context_1 : Kevin Jerome Tiggs (born April 17, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Crailsheim Merlins of the German ProA. He played college basketball for Mott Community College and East Tennessee State University. Context_2 : Timothy Devon Anderson (born June 23, 1993) is an American professional baseball shortstop for the Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). Anderson played college baseball at East Central Community College, and was selected in the first round of the 2013 MLB draft by the White Sox. He made his MLB debut on June 10, 2016. Context_3 : "(I'm a) One-Woman Man" is a song co-written by American country music artist Johnny Horton and Tillman Franks. It was originally released as a single by Horton in 1956, whose version peaked at number 7 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart. The song was twice recorded by American country music artist George Jones: first released on the album "The Crown Prince of Country Music" retitled "One Woman Man" in 1960, and later as "I'm a One Woman Man" released in November 1988 as the first single from his album "One Woman Man". It peaked at number 5 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart in early 1989 and it would be his final Top 10 solo hit. His final appearance on the Top-10 country singles chart arrived a year later as part of a duet recording with Randy Travis. In spite of the lack of radio hits as the 1990s dawned Jones remained a popular concert draw for the next two decades and continued to release original recordings into the mid 2000s. Context_4 : "Some People Change" is a song written by Julian Williams, Neil Thrasher, Jason Sellers, and Michael Dulaney. It was originally recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney for his 2004 album "When the Sun Goes Down". It was then recorded by Canadian country music artist George Canyon for his 2006 album "Somebody Wrote Love". Finally, by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry recorded their version of the song and released it as a single. It was released in August 2006 as the lead single from their 2006 album of the same name. It peaked at number 7 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart and at number 57 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100. Context_5 : Kill the Lights is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released on August 7, 2015, by Capitol Nashville. The album's lead single, "Kick the Dust Up", was released to country radio on May 19, 2015. "Strip It Down" was released as the second single from the album on August 4, 2015. The album's third single, "Home Alone Tonight", was released to country radio on November 23, 2015. The album's fourth single, "Huntin', Fishin' and Lovin' Every Day" released to country radio on March 14, 2016. The album's fifth single, "Move" released to country radio on July 25, 2016. All five singles reached number one on the "Billboard" Country Airplay chart, making Bryan the first country music artist ever to have five number one singles from two albums apiece. In November 2016, the album's sixth and final single, "Fast", was sent to country radio. With "Fast" also reaching number one in April 2017, Bryan became the first artist in the chart's history to achieve six number one singles from one album. Context_6 : "Sugar-Foot Rag" (or Sugarfoot Rag) is a song written by Hank Garland and Vaughn Horton (given on Red Foley's record label as George Vaughn). It was originally recorded by Garland and released in 1949, selling over a million records. It was then recorded by American country music artist Red Foley in 1950. It was also recorded by American country music artist Jerry Reed and released in November 1979 as the lead single from his album, "Texas Bound and Flyin". The song reached a peak of number 12 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart and number 13 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. Junior Brown covered Sugar Foot Rag on his 1993 album "Guit with It." Context_7 : Frank Robert "Frankie" Ballard IV, (born December 16, 1982) is an American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist. He has released two albums each for Reprise Records and Warner Bros. Records, and has charted four singles on the Hot Country Songs charts. He played college baseball at Mott Community College. He then continued to pursue college baseball by playing in the NCAA with Western Michigan University. Context_8 : "It All Started with a Beer" is a song recorded by American country music artist Frankie Ballard. It was released in November 2015 as the first single from Ballard's third studio album, "El Rio". The song was written by Jaren Johnston, Neil Mason and Jeremy Stover. Context_9 : Jaron Long (born August 28, 1991) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is with the Washington Nationals organization. Prior to playing professionally, Long played college baseball for Chandler-Gilbert Community College and Ohio State University. His father, Kevin Long, is the current hitting coach of the New York Mets and former hitting coach of the New York Yankees. Context_10 : Stan Stolte is an American baseball coach, currently serving as the head baseball coach at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Stolte attended college at Muscatine Community College and St. Ambrose University, where he played college baseball. Stolte served as an assistant baseball coach at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, the University of Nevada, Reno, the University of the Pacific, Muscatine Community College, and Northwest Missouri State University. Stolte served as interim head coach at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas for the 2016 season, before being named permanent head baseball coach at UNLV on June 1, 2016. fact_1 : "It All Started with a Beer" is a song recorded by American country music artist Frankie Ballard. fact_2 : It was released in November 2015 as the first single from Ballard's third studio album, "El Rio". fact_3 : He played college baseball at Mott Community College. Question: What song was released in November 2015 by an American country music artist who played college baseball at Mott Community College?
[A]: | It All Started with a Beer
| 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : "Raat Bhar" is a pop song from the 2014 Hit Bollywood film, "Heropanti". Composed by Sajid-Wajid, the song is sung by Arijit Singh and Shreya Ghoshal, with lyrics penned by Kausar Munir. The lively, peppy track, features Tiger Shroff and Kriti Sanon in the video. Context_2 : Sabbir Khan is an Indian film director and screenwriter. In 2009 he made his directorial debut with the film "Kambakkht Ishq" (2009) that starred Akshay Kumar and Kareena Kapoor. The film released on 3 July 2009 worldwide. Sabbir's second movie, Heropanti starring Tiger Shroff & Kriti Sanon, released on 23 May 2014. Context_3 : Munna Michael is an Indian action dance film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Viki Rajani and Eros International. The film features Tiger Shroff in a lead role alongside Nidhhi Agerwal and Nawazuddin Siddiqui. Although it got mixed reviews, it failed to impress the audience. Context_4 : Baaghi 2 is an upcoming Indian martial arts film directed by Ahmed Khan, written by Sanjeev Datta and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala under the banners Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment and Fox Star Studios. The film features Tiger Shroff and Disha Patani in lead roles. It is a sequel to the 2016 film "Baaghi." Context_5 : Ahmed Khan is an Indian choreographer, producer, actor, director and writer. Khan began as a child actor playing small roles in films like "Raakh". He played an orphan boy in his debut film, "Mr. India" and worked as choreographer's assistant in "Anjaam". He choreographed for films such as "Rangeela", "Taal", "Ghajini" and "Kick". He was a judge of Dance India Dance Lil Master season 3. Khan made his directorial debut with the 2004 film "Lakeer – Forbidden Lines" starring John Abraham. In 2007, he released "Fool n Final", a comedy with Sunny Deol and Shahid Kapoor. He produced and wrote the script for "Paathshaala" and "Ek Paheli Leela". Khan is currently set to direct "Baaghi 2" starring Tiger Shroff and Disha Patani. It will be produced by Sajid Nadiadwala. Context_6 : A Flying Jatt is a 2016 Bollywood superhero film co-written and directed by Remo D'Souza and produced under the banner of Balaji Motion Pictures. It features Tiger Shroff, Jacqueline Fernandez and Nathan Jones in the lead roles. "A Flying Jatt" narrates the story of an ordinary man (Shroff) who gains superpowers. The film released worldwide on 25 August 2016 on Janmashtami weekend. Context_7 : Ayesha Shroff (born 5 June 1960) is an Indian model, actress and film producer. She is the wife of Bollywood actor, Jackie Shroff and mother of Tiger Shroff and Krishna Shroff. Context_8 : Baaghi (English: "Rebel") is a 2016 Indian martial arts film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala under his banner of Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment. It features Tiger Shroff and Shraddha Kapoor in lead roles, with Sudheer Babu and Sunil Grover in supporting roles. Journalists noted similarities between the film and the 2011 Indonesian film "" and the 2004 Telugu-language Indian film "Varsham". Context_9 : Tiger Shroff (born Jai Hemant Shroff; 2 March 1990) is an Indian film actor and martial artist who works in Hindi films. Son of actor Jackie Shroff and producer Ayesha Dutt, he made his film debut with a leading role in the 2014 action comedy "Heropanti", which earned him a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut nomination. He next starred in the action drama "Baaghi" (2016), which earned over () worldwide, and received praise for the superhero thriller "A Flying Jatt" (2016). Context_10 : Heropanti ("English: Heroic antics") is an Indian Hindi action film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala. Actors Tiger Shroff and Kriti Sanon make their Hindi film debut with the film, alongside Prakash Raj as an important supporting role. This is a remake of the Telugu film "Parugu", "Heropanti" released on 23 May 2014. The film received mixed reviews from critics, but managed to become a box office super hit. The satellite rights were bagged by Sony Entertainment Television. fact_1 : Tiger Shroff (born Jai Hemant Shroff; 2 March 1990) is an Indian film actor and martial artist who works in Hindi films. fact_2 : He next starred in the action drama "Baaghi" (2016), which earned over () worldwide, and received praise for the superhero thriller "A Flying Jatt" (2016). fact_3 : Baaghi (English: "Rebel") is a 2016 Indian martial arts film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala under his banner of Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment. Question: Tiger Shroff starred in a film directed by who?
SOLUTION: Sabbir Khan
PROBLEM: Context_1 : The Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT) is an autonomous public business school established in 1963 by the Government of India (Ministry of Commerce and Industry) to help professionalize the country's foreign trade management and increase exports by developing human resources; generating, analysing and disseminating data; and conducting research. Context_2 : Digital Trade Hub (Azerbaijani – "Rəqəmsal Ticarət Qovşağı") is a public platform developed by Government of Azerbaijan to contribute country's development in the field of foreign trade and entrepreneurship. Digital trade hubs are a new experience of commercing industry introduced by several developed countries like the United Kingdom (Great.gov.uk), South Korea (U-trade Hub) and China (Paperless Trading Bridge and E-Port) which considers this system as a new tool to benefit from advantages of worldwide e-trade. Hong Kong (Trade Single Window) is also expected to join these states with its Trade Single Window until 2018. Hubs are based on 'single window concept' as an electronic platform ensuring information about local manufacturers, for example product line, product mix, quality of products, stockpile volumes, etc. and a market searchable export directory to match businesses over the world. These hubs operate as a single digital point for trade and investment, connects local businesses with foreign customers and capital investors. Context_3 : The Port of Buenos Aires (Spanish: "Puerto de Buenos Aires" ) is the principal maritime port in Argentina. Operated by the "Administración General de Puertos" (General Ports Administration), a state enterprise, it is the leading transshipment point for the foreign trade of Argentina. Context_4 : This article outlines the history of the 24 Corten steel vehicles with corrugated sides, constructed by the South Australian Railways and primarily used on the East-West Express from Adelaide to Port Pirie. The South Australian Railways broad gauge system had been extended north in 1937 to meet a southern extension from Port Augusta on the Commonwealth Railways' standard gauge system, creating Port Pirie as a break-of-gauge and transshipment point. To encourage passengers to use the line despite the inconvenience of changing trains, in 1947 the Cafeteria Car was constructed and used on the services to and from Adelaide, in conjunction with the mid-1930s Steel carriage fleet. In 1964 the first airconditioned sitting cars entered regular service on the East-West Express, and construction of those continued through to 1967 with a total of nine sitting cars and fourteen vans. Context_5 : The Knik Site, also known as the Old Knik Townsite, is the location in Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska that was once home to the largest settlement on Cook Inlet. The only surviving remnants of the community are a former log roadhouse, now a museum operated by the Wasilla-Knik Historical Society, and a log cabin. The Knik area had long been a meeting point of Native Alaskans, and in 1898 it became the principal community on Cook Inlet from which goods were shipped into the interior. In 1916 the Alaska Railroad reached the site of present-day Anchorage, bypassing Knik and leading to Anchorage's growth. When the railroad reached Wasilla, Knik lost all importance as a transshipment point, and its buildings were either abandoned or moved to one of the other communities. Knik is located about 13 mi southwest of Wasilla. Context_6 : The Roma Historic District in Roma, Texas preserves an intact example of a border town in the lower Rio Grande valley. The town was an important port and transshipment point on the Rio Grande from 1829 to the 1880s. Context_7 : The Port of Montreal (French: "Port de Montréal" ) is a port and transshipment point on the St. Lawrence River in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. On the Saint Lawrence Seaway 1,600 kilometres inland from the Atlantic Ocean, it is on the shortest direct route from Europe and the Mediterranean to North America. It is an international container port that services Toronto and the rest of Central Canada, the U.S. Midwest, and the U.S. Northeast. Context_8 : Cape Verdean organized crime refers to the various criminal organizations that are active in Cape Verdean diaspora communities. The Cape Verdean Islands themselves are not main centres for criminal activities, but Cape Verde's increased importance as a transshipment point in the West African cocaine trade and the existence of sizeable Cape Verdean communities in New England, the Dutch port city of Rotterdam as well as in several cities in Portugal, France and Switzerland led to the formation of criminal gangs in the community active in the international drug trade supplemented with other criminal activities. Cape Verdean organized crime primarily comes in the form of street gangs, with varying levels of organization and sophistication. Context_9 : SS "Cap Polonio" was a German GRT ocean liner that was launched in 1914 and scrapped in 1935. She worked the Hamburg Südamerikanische Dampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft ("Hamburg South America Steamship Company") route between Hamburg in Germany and Buenos Aires in Argentina. She was named after Cabo Polonio in Uruguay. Context_10 : Saint Kitts and Nevis has no major international disputes. Its status as a transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the United States and Europe has caused some tension with foreign countries. fact_1 : She worked the Hamburg Südamerikanische Dampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft ("Hamburg South America Steamship Company") route between Hamburg in Germany and Buenos Aires in Argentina. fact_2 : Operated by the "Administración General de Puertos" (General Ports Administration), a state enterprise, it is the leading transshipment point for the foreign trade of Argentina. Question: SS Cap Polonio's destination port was the leading transshipment point for foreign trade of which country in South America?
SOLUTION: Argentina
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Martin Luther King Jr. Day (officially Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.) is an American federal holiday marking the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around King's birthday, January 15. The holiday is similar to holidays set under the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. Context_2 : The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site consists of several buildings including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the National Historic Site when it was established on October 10, 1980. Context_3 : WOW Gospel 2006 is a gospel music compilation album from the WOW series. Released on January 31, 2006, it comprises thirty-two songs on a double disc album. The release reached 20 on the Billboard 200 chart in 2006, the highest peak of any of the WOW Gospel series thus far, and made number one on the Top Gospel Albums chart. The album cover pays tribute to Chicago, Illinois. Context_4 : "I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the Civil Rights Movement. Context_5 : WOW Gospel 2011 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on February 1, 2011 (which made it the first annual "WOW Gospel" album in the history of the series not released in January), the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pays tribute to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The album debuted straight at number one on the Billboard Gospel Albums chart, and peaked at number 29 on the "Billboard" 200 in 2011. Context_6 : Clarence B. Jones (born January 8, 1931) is the former personal counsel, advisor, draft speech writer and close friend of Martin Luther King Jr. He is a Scholar in Residence at the Martin Luther King, Jr. Institute at Stanford University. He is the author of "What Would Martin Say?" (HarperCollins, 2008) and "Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech that Transformed a Nation" (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2011) Context_7 : The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK-MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK-Harbor or King–Harbor), is a public urgent care center and outpatient clinic in Willowbrook, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California, north of the city of Compton and south of the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. Founded as a major public hospital, it was shut down in August 2007 because of its poor record of patient care. The urgent care center and outpatient clinic, however, remain operating on the site. There are plans to reopen the facility in 2013 as a smaller hospital under a partnership between Los Angeles County and the University of California as a nonprofit organization governed by a seven-member board of directors. Context_8 : WOW Gospel 2012 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on January 24, 2012, the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pays tribute to Los Angeles, California, with a side tribute to the San Francisco Bay Area on the back album cover notes. The album peaked at number one on the Billboard Gospel Albums Chart, and number 30 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. Context_9 : Ghost Town (sometimes spelled Ghosttown) is the informal name of the Foster Hoover Historic District neighborhood in West Oakland, Oakland, California. The community is known for its violence and blight . Some people believe the name originates from a drug king pin who referred to the area as a ghost town due to the shortage of other drug dealers whose absence was attributed to the king pin's dominance over the area. Others believe it derives from the two former casket companies located side by side on Filbert Street between 30th and 32nd Streets, while others claim that the presence of ghostly white people in an historically black neighborhood gave it its name. Ghost Town stretches from 27th Street to 35th Street in the area immediately southwest of the MacArthur Maze. Others see the neighborhood bounded by Adeline on the West and San Pablo on the East. Ghost Town Farms, one of the more successful expressions of urban agriculture activity in Oakland is located in the heart of the district at 2727 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, between 27th and 28th Streets. The area is also one of Oakland's many open-air art galleries, with exceptional muralist work continually on exhibition, particularly along Martin Luther King Jr. Way. This neighborhood has an active citizen crime patrol, including one group of seniors who walk the neighborhood weekly to get physical exercise and report blight. Jerry Brown, governor of California and former Mayor of Oakland stated: "Instead of an omnibus crime bill, you have to deal with shootings in Ghost Town in West Oakland and sideshows in East Oakland." Brown made attempts to turn around the blighted West Oakland neighborhood after "60 Minutes" featured it in a television profile. Housing prices have increased. So has drug dealing, especially since nearby parks were closed by the City of Oakland. Prostitution, in 2015, has been on the decline for at least a decade. Context_10 : WOW Gospel 2013 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on January 29, 2013, the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pay tribute to Atlanta, Georgia, and it is second "WOW Gospel" album to do so ("WOW Gospel 2007" is the first). The second Atlanta tribute is based on the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the "I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. The album topped out at #1 on the "Billboard" Gospel Albums chart and #43 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. fact_1 : The second Atlanta tribute is based on the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the "I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. The album topped out at #1 on the "Billboard" Gospel Albums chart and #43 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. fact_2 : "I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Question: What speech made by Martin Luther King Jr. did WOW Gospel 2013 album cover partially pay attribute to?
SOLUTION: | I Have a Dream
| 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Why? From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input: Context_1 : Martin Luther King Jr. Day (officially Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.) is an American federal holiday marking the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around King's birthday, January 15. The holiday is similar to holidays set under the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. Context_2 : The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site consists of several buildings including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the National Historic Site when it was established on October 10, 1980. Context_3 : WOW Gospel 2006 is a gospel music compilation album from the WOW series. Released on January 31, 2006, it comprises thirty-two songs on a double disc album. The release reached 20 on the Billboard 200 chart in 2006, the highest peak of any of the WOW Gospel series thus far, and made number one on the Top Gospel Albums chart. The album cover pays tribute to Chicago, Illinois. Context_4 : "I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the Civil Rights Movement. Context_5 : WOW Gospel 2011 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on February 1, 2011 (which made it the first annual "WOW Gospel" album in the history of the series not released in January), the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pays tribute to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The album debuted straight at number one on the Billboard Gospel Albums chart, and peaked at number 29 on the "Billboard" 200 in 2011. Context_6 : Clarence B. Jones (born January 8, 1931) is the former personal counsel, advisor, draft speech writer and close friend of Martin Luther King Jr. He is a Scholar in Residence at the Martin Luther King, Jr. Institute at Stanford University. He is the author of "What Would Martin Say?" (HarperCollins, 2008) and "Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech that Transformed a Nation" (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2011) Context_7 : The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK-MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK-Harbor or King–Harbor), is a public urgent care center and outpatient clinic in Willowbrook, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California, north of the city of Compton and south of the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. Founded as a major public hospital, it was shut down in August 2007 because of its poor record of patient care. The urgent care center and outpatient clinic, however, remain operating on the site. There are plans to reopen the facility in 2013 as a smaller hospital under a partnership between Los Angeles County and the University of California as a nonprofit organization governed by a seven-member board of directors. Context_8 : WOW Gospel 2012 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on January 24, 2012, the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pays tribute to Los Angeles, California, with a side tribute to the San Francisco Bay Area on the back album cover notes. The album peaked at number one on the Billboard Gospel Albums Chart, and number 30 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. Context_9 : Ghost Town (sometimes spelled Ghosttown) is the informal name of the Foster Hoover Historic District neighborhood in West Oakland, Oakland, California. The community is known for its violence and blight . Some people believe the name originates from a drug king pin who referred to the area as a ghost town due to the shortage of other drug dealers whose absence was attributed to the king pin's dominance over the area. Others believe it derives from the two former casket companies located side by side on Filbert Street between 30th and 32nd Streets, while others claim that the presence of ghostly white people in an historically black neighborhood gave it its name. Ghost Town stretches from 27th Street to 35th Street in the area immediately southwest of the MacArthur Maze. Others see the neighborhood bounded by Adeline on the West and San Pablo on the East. Ghost Town Farms, one of the more successful expressions of urban agriculture activity in Oakland is located in the heart of the district at 2727 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, between 27th and 28th Streets. The area is also one of Oakland's many open-air art galleries, with exceptional muralist work continually on exhibition, particularly along Martin Luther King Jr. Way. This neighborhood has an active citizen crime patrol, including one group of seniors who walk the neighborhood weekly to get physical exercise and report blight. Jerry Brown, governor of California and former Mayor of Oakland stated: "Instead of an omnibus crime bill, you have to deal with shootings in Ghost Town in West Oakland and sideshows in East Oakland." Brown made attempts to turn around the blighted West Oakland neighborhood after "60 Minutes" featured it in a television profile. Housing prices have increased. So has drug dealing, especially since nearby parks were closed by the City of Oakland. Prostitution, in 2015, has been on the decline for at least a decade. Context_10 : WOW Gospel 2013 is a gospel music compilation album from the award-winning WOW series. Released on January 29, 2013, the double CD album features thirty contemporary gospel hits. The album cover pay tribute to Atlanta, Georgia, and it is second "WOW Gospel" album to do so ("WOW Gospel 2007" is the first). The second Atlanta tribute is based on the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the "I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. The album topped out at #1 on the "Billboard" Gospel Albums chart and #43 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. fact_1 : The second Atlanta tribute is based on the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and the "I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. The album topped out at #1 on the "Billboard" Gospel Albums chart and #43 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. fact_2 : "I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. Question: What speech made by Martin Luther King Jr. did WOW Gospel 2013 album cover partially pay attribute to?
Solution: | I Have a Dream | 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The Winchester Model 37 (M37) Single Shot Shotgun is an American firearm. It was in production from 1936-1963 with 1,015,554 units made. This model was developed by Winchester with a standard visible hammer action for many years. The Winchester Model 37 uses a top-cocking lever, breakdown type of action with an automatic shell ejector. The first M37 shotguns were delivered on February 10, 1936 according to factory records. Notably M37 shotguns were not serial numbered. Context_2 : The Winchester Model 21 is a deluxe side by side shotgun. The shotgun's initial production run from 1931 through 1960 yielded approximately 30,000 guns. Winchester Repeating Arms Company ceased the main production line of this shotgun in 1960 and the Model 21 was sourced to the Winchester Custom Shop until the gun's retirement in 1991. New Winchester Model 21 production continues under license to Connecticut Shotgun Manufacturing Company. Context_3 : The Stevens Model 77E was the most widely used shotgun of the Vietnam War. The Model 77E was a short-barreled pump-action shotgun known variously as the "trench" or "riot" shotgun. The Model 77E had noticeably shorter stocks than similar United State military shotguns built by Ithaca Gun Company, Remington Arms, and Winchester Repeating Arms Company. These short stocks were intended to accommodate South Vietnamese soldiers, and the Model 77E was the first United States combat shotgun equipped with a rubber recoil pad. Model 77E shotguns were Parkerized with sling swivels and wooden stocks. Receivers were marked "U.S." and "p" proofmarks appeared on both barrels and receivers. Context_4 : The .38-56 Winchester Center Fire cartridge was introduced in 1887 by Winchester for the Winchester Model 1886, and was also used in the Marlin Model of 1895. Production of Winchester Model 1886s chambered in this cartridge ceased in 1910 due to lack of demand, while most commercial production of the cartridge itself ceased in the 1930s. New production loaded cartridges and unloaded brass cases are rare, and are often created using reformed .45-70 brass. The cartridge was originally intended to outperform the similar .38-55 Winchester, but in reality had very similar ballistics despite using more gunpowder. Context_5 : The Winchester Model 1912 (also commonly known as the Model 12, or M12) is an internal-hammer, pump-action, shotgun with an external tube magazine. Popularly named the "Perfect Repeater" at its introduction, it largely set the standard for pump action shotguns over its 51-year high-rate production life. From August 1912 until first discontinued by Winchester in May 1964, nearly two million Model 12 shotguns were produced in various grades and barrel lengths. Initially chambered for 20 gauge only, the 12 and 16 gauge versions came out in 1913 (first listed in the 1914 catalogs), and the 28 gauge version came out in 1934. A .410 version was never produced; instead, a scaled-down version of the Model 12 known as the Model 42, directly derived from scaled drawings of the Model 12, was produced in .410. Context_6 : The .45-60 Winchester is a centerfire rifle cartridge intended for 19th-century big-game hunting. Nomenclature of the era indicated the .45-60 cartridge contained a 0.45 in diameter bullet with 60 gr of black powder. Winchester Repeating Arms Company shortened the .45-70 government cartridge to operate through the Winchester Model 1876 rifle's lever-action. The Colt Lightning Carbine and the Whitney Arms Company's Kennedy lever-action rifle were also chambered for the .45-60. These early rifles' advantage of faster loading for subsequent shots was soon eclipsed by the stronger and smoother Winchester Model 1886 action capable of handling longer cartridges including the popular full length .45-70. The .45-60 and similarly short cartridges designed for the Model 1876 rifle faded into obsolescence as 20th-century hunters preferred more powerful smokeless powder loadings of cartridges designed for stronger rifles. Winchester production of .45-60 cartridges ended during the great depression. Context_7 : The Browning Automatic 5, most often Auto-5 or simply A-5, is a recoil-operated semi-automatic shotgun designed by John Browning. It was the first successful semi-automatic shotgun design, and remained in production until 1998. The name of the shotgun designates that it is an autoloader with a capacity of five rounds, four in the magazine and one in the chamber. Remington Arms sold a variant called the Remington Model 11 that was nearly identical but lacked the magazine cutoff found on the Browning. Context_8 : The FN TPS ("Tactical Police Shotgun") was a pump-action shotgun designed and manufactured by FN Herstal. It was based on the Winchester Model 1300 and used many similar features such as the ported barrel. It also had many modern features including an adjustable stock, pistol grip, adjustable sights and, MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail. The TPS features an M16A2 style front and rear sight. The sights are adjustable for both elevation and windage. Context_9 : The .40-60 Winchester is a centerfire rifle cartridge intended for 19th-century big-game hunting. Nomenclature of the era indicated the .40-60 cartridge contained a 0.40 in diameter bullet with 60 gr of gunpowder. Winchester Repeating Arms Company necked down the .45-60 Winchester cartridge to hold a bullet with improved ballistics for the Winchester Model 1876 rifle. The lever-action Model 1876's advantage of faster loading for subsequent shots was eclipsed two years later by the stronger and smoother Winchester Model 1886 action capable of handling longer cartridges with heavier bullets. The .40-60 and similarly short cartridges designed for the Model 1876 rifle faded into obsolescence as 20th-century hunters preferred more powerful smokeless powder loadings of cartridges designed for stronger rifles. Winchester production of .40-60 cartridges ended during the great depression. Context_10 : The Winchester Model 1911 SL Shotgun was a self-loading, recoil-operated shotgun produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company from 1911 to 1925. It was Winchester's first autoloading shotgun, but design flaws kept it from providing competition for the autoloading shotguns made by Remington Arms and Browning Arms Company. fact_1 : It was Winchester's first autoloading shotgun, but design flaws kept it from providing competition for the autoloading shotguns made by Remington Arms and Browning Arms Company. fact_2 : It was the first successful semi-automatic shotgun design, and remained in production until 1998. Question: The Winchester Model 1911 SL Shotgun competed against a shotgun that remained in production until when?
| Solution: 1998 | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Part 2. Example
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Answer: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Part 3. Exercise
Context_1 : Kim Rae-won (born March 19, 1981) is a South Korean actor. He rose to fame in 2003 romantic comedy series "Rooftop Room Cat", and is also known for his leading roles in "My Little Bride" (2004), "Love Story in Harvard" (2004), "Gourmet" (2008), "A Thousand Days' Promise" (2011), "Punch" (2014-2015) and "Doctor Crush" (2016). Context_2 : Jeong Da-bin (March 4, 1980 - February 10, 2007) was a South Korean actress. Best known for the popular television series "Rooftop Room Cat", she committed suicide in 2007 at the age of 26. Context_3 : My Little Bride () is a 2004 South Korean romantic comedy film about an arranged marriage between a female high school student (Moon Geun-young) and a male college student (Kim Rae-won). With 3,149,500 tickets sold, it was the second most popular domestic film at the Korean box office in 2004 (behind blockbuster "Taegukgi"), and fourth most popular overall. Context_4 : Lee Min-ho (Hangul: 이민호 ; Hanja: 李敏豪 ) (born June 28, 1993) is a South Korean actor. He is well known for his role as young Yang Myung in "Moon Embracing the Sun" (2012) and Song Mang-boo in "Rooftop Prince" (2012). Context_5 : Marrying the Mafia II is a 2005 South Korean film, the sequel to "Marrying the Mafia" (2002). It was the most successful comedy film in South Korea the year of its release; its over 5 million tickets sold represented more than 10% of the population and contributed to the third straight year that more tickets were sold for local than for Hollywood films. Context_6 : Rooftop Room Cat (; also known as "Attic Cat" or "Cat on the Roof") is a 2003 South Korean television series starring Kim Rae-won, Jung Da-bin, Choi Jung-yoon and Lee Hyun-woo. It aired on MBC from June 2 to July 22, 2003 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. Context_7 : Park Jin-woo (born July 3, 1983) is a South Korean actor. He made his acting debut in 2004 with the romantic comedy "My Little Bride" and sitcom "Nonstop 5". Park has since starred in films and television series such as "Dasepo Naughty Girls" (2006), "Frivolous Wife" (2008), "I'll Give You Everything" (2009), and "Love On A Rooftop" (2015). Context_8 : Park Yoo-chun (born June 4, 1986), formerly known as Micky Yoochun and better known by the mononym Yoochun, is a South Korean singer-songwriter and actor. He is a member of the South Korean boy group JYJ and former member of TVXQ. He has starred in dramas "Sungkyunkwan Scandal" (2010), "Miss Ripley" (2011), "Rooftop Prince" (2012), "Missing You" (2012), "Three Days" (2014) and "The Girl Who Sees Smells" (2015). Context_9 : Jung Suk-won (Hangul: 정석원 ; born May 16, 1985) is a South Korean actor. He began his entertainment career as a stuntman with the Seoul Action School after being discharged from the Marines, then turned to modeling and acting, notably in the television series "Rooftop Prince", and "Haeundae Lovers". Context_10 : Rooftop Films is a non-profit film organization based in Gowanus, Brooklyn. It is best known for its Rooftop Films Summer Series, a film festival that runs from May through August every year, and consists of as many as 47 outdoor screenings of new independent short and feature-length films. Rooftop screenings all take place on rooftops or in other outdoor locations throughout New York City. Rooftop also offers film and video equipment rentals throughout the year, as well as grants which help fiance new independent film projects. fact_1 : Kim Rae-won (born March 19, 1981) is a South Korean actor. fact_2 : He rose to fame in 2003 romantic comedy series "Rooftop Room Cat", and is also known for his leading roles in "My Little Bride" (2004), "Love Story in Harvard" (2004), "Gourmet" (2008), "A Thousand Days' Promise" (2011), "Punch" (2014-2015) and "Doctor Crush" (2016). fact_3 : With 3,149,500 tickets sold, it was the second most popular domestic film at the Korean box office in 2004 (behind blockbuster "Taegukgi"), and fourth most popular overall. Question: How many tickets were sold of the 2004 film that starred a South Korean actor known for the romantic series "Rooftop Room Cat"?
Answer: | 3,149,500 | 7 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : The Whale EP is a self-released EP by Wild Sweet Orange. It contains 5 songs and has a running time of 20 minutes and 20 seconds. Context_2 : We Have Cause to Be Uneasy is the first and final full-length album by American indie rock band Wild Sweet Orange and was released on July 29, 2008, available on CD, Vinyl, and via iTunes. "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy" is the title of the fifth chapter in C.S. Lewis' book, "Mere Christianity". Context_3 : The Runaway Found is The Veils debut album, released on 16 February 2004. The record was preceded by several singles, from "More Heat Than Light" (November 2002) to "The Wild Son" (January 2004). The last single "Lavinia" was released in November 2003, alongside a first promotional version of the album which featured a different running order and track list. In fact "...& One of Us Must Go" and "Wires to Flying Birds" did not make the final version and were later replaced by "The Wild Son" and "The Valleys of New Orleans". Because of its long gestation (the recording sessions started straight after the band's first deal with Blanco Y Negro in 2001) the record has three different producers: Matthew Ollivier (tracks 3, 4, 6, 9, 10), Bernard Butler (tracks 1, 2, 5, 8) and Ken Nelson (track 7). The fourth song on the set, "More Heat Than Light", gives credits to Finn's father Barry Andrews as co-author. According to the booklet notes the last song of the set, "The Nowhere Man", is taken from the 1954 novel by C.S. Lewis "The Horse and His Boy". The song "Vicious Traditions" was featured during the end credits of the 2007 film "Mr. Brooks". Context_4 : The Company They Keep: C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien as Writers in Community (2007) is a non-fiction book written by Diana Pavlac Glyer, an Inklings scholar and English professor at Azusa Pacific University. "The Company They Keep" challenges the commonly held belief that the Inklings did not influence each other through a detailed and engaging examination of both published and unpublished works, papers, and letters written by J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, Owen Barfield, Warren Lewis and the lesser-known writers who comprised the Inklings. Context_5 : The Personal Heresy is a series of articles, three each by C.S. Lewis and E. M. W. (Eustace Mandeville Wetenhall) Tillyard, first published on 27 April 1939 by Oxford University Press and later reprinted, also by Oxford University Press, in 1965. The book has been reprinted in 2008 by Concordia University Press with an Introduction by Lewis scholar Bruce L. Edwards and a new Preface by the editor, Joel D. Heck. The central issue of the essays is whether a piece of imaginative writing, particularly poetry, is primarily a reflection of the author's personality (Tillyard's position) or is about something external to the author (Lewis's position). The two positions may be summarized briefly as the subjective position (Tillyard) and the objective position (Lewis). In general, Lewis attempts to keep poetry within the reach of the common person, while Tillyard thinks of the poet as a person who is "a cut above the common person." Context_6 : Out of the Silent Planet is the debut release from King's X. The title of the album comes from that of a book by C.S. Lewis, an author favored by band members Ty Tabor and Jerry Gaskill. "Out of the Silent Planet" is also the title of the first track from the follow up album "Gretchen Goes to Nebraska". The cover art features the skyline of Houston with the southern out line of the state of Texas. Context_7 : Wild Sweet Orange was an American indie rock band from Homewood, Alabama. In early 2008 their song "Land of No Return" was featured on Grey's Anatomy. The band performed the song "Ten Dead Dogs" live on the Late Show with David Letterman on June 23, 2008. Their first full LP, "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy", was released on July 29, 2008. Wild Sweet Orange has opened for bands such as Counting Crows, Guster, Augustana, and Gringo Star. Context_8 : Max McLean is the founder and artistic director of Fellowship for Performing Arts, a New York City-based producer of live theater from a Christian worldview. McLean conceived, adapted, produced and starred in "The Screwtape Letters", a play based on the book by Oxford and Cambridge scholar, author and fantasy writer C.S. Lewis. His stage adaptation of Lewis’ "The Great Divorce" launched its national tour in late 2013. McLean adapted, co-directed and starred in "C.S. Lewis Onstage: The Most Reluctant Convert", and co-wrote and produced "Martin Luther on Trial". McLean also is the narrator of The Listener's Bible. Context_9 : Mere Christianity is a theological book by C. S. Lewis, adapted from a series of BBC radio talks made between 1941 and 1944, while Lewis was at Oxford during the Second World War. Considered a classic of Christian apologetics, the transcripts of the broadcasts originally appeared in print as three separate pamphlets: "The Case for Christianity" ("Broadcast Talks" in the UK) (1942), "Christian Behaviour" (1943), and "Beyond Personality" (1944). Lewis was invited to give the talks by the Rev. James Welch, the BBC Director of Religious Broadcasting, who had read his 1940 book, "The Problem of Pain". Context_10 : Letters to Malcolm: Chiefly on Prayer is a book by C.S. Lewis posthumously published in 1964. The book takes the form of a series of letters to a fictional friend, "Malcolm", in which Lewis meditates on prayer as an intimate dialogue between man and God. Beginning with a discussion of "corporate prayer" and the liturgical service, Lewis goes on to consider practical and metaphysical aspects of private prayer, such as when to pray and where, ready-made prayer, petitionary prayer, prayer as worship, penitential prayer, and prayer for the dead. The concluding letter discusses "liberal" Christians, the soul and resurrection. fact_1 : We Have Cause to Be Uneasy is the first and final full-length album by American indie rock band Wild Sweet Orange and was released on July 29, 2008, available on CD, Vinyl, and via iTunes. fact_2 : "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy" is the title of the fifth chapter in C.S. Lewis' book, "Mere Christianity". fact_3 : Mere Christianity is a theological book by C. S. Lewis, adapted from a series of BBC radio talks made between 1941 and 1944, while Lewis was at Oxford during the Second World War. Question: Which war was being fought when C.S. Lewis wrote the book whose chapter shares a title with the band Wild Sweet Orange's 2008 album?
Output: the Second World War
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor best remembered for "The Thief of Bagdad" (1940). At the time of his death, Whelan he was survived by widow, former silent film actress Miriam Seegar, and had two sons, Michael and Tim Jr. The widow Seegar went on to live another 53 years, dying January 2, 2011 at age 103. Context_2 : Marie Epstein (born Marie-Antonine Epstein; 14 August 1899, Warsaw - 24 April 1995, Paris) was an actress, scenarist, film director, and film preservationist. Her career is distinguished by three important collaborations. Throughout the 1920s, she acted in and wrote scenarios for films directed by her brother, Jean Epstein. From the 1920s through the early 1950s, she collaborated with the director Jean Benoît-Lévy on sixteen films, serving variously as a writer, assistant director, and co-director. From the early 1950s to her retirement in 1977, Epstein served as a film preservationist at the Cinémathèque française. Context_3 : The Beauty from Nivernais (French: "La belle Nivernaise" ) is a 1924 French silent drama film directed by Jean Epstein. Context_4 : Gloria Jean Epstein is a supernumerary judge of the Court of Appeal for Ontario. She had also previously been appointed to the Court of Ontario. On January 1, 2015, Epstein retired to become a supernumerary judge, and was replaced as a full time judge by Bradley Miller. Context_5 : The Fall of the House of Usher (French: La Chute de la maison Usher ) is a 1928 French horror film directed by Jean Epstein, one of multiple films based on the Gothic short story "The Fall of the House of Usher" by Edgar Allan Poe. Future director Luis Buñuel co-wrote the screenplay with Epstein, his second film credit, having previously worked as assistant director on Epstein's film "Mauprat" from 1926. Context_6 : René Ferté (1903–1958) was a Swiss actor who worked principally in the French cinema, from 1923 onwards. He is mostly known for performances in a series of silent films directed by Jean Epstein. His roles in sound films were generally less notable, though he appeared in Fritz Lang's "Le Testament du docteur Mabuse" (French version), and he took the title role in the 1934 sound remake of "Judex". After the outbreak of the Second World War he ceased working in films. Context_7 : La Châtelaine du Liban is a 1934 French thriller film directed by Jean Epstein, starring Spinelly and Jean Murat. The narrative is set in Lebanon and follows a web of espionage with clashes between the French and British secret services, with a beautiful young woman at the centre. The film is based on the 1924 novel "The Lady of Lebanon" by Pierre Benoit. Filming took place between July and December 1933 in Lebanon, France, Egypt, Palestine and Syria. It premiered on 2 February 1934. Context_8 : Gina Manès (7 April 1893 — 6 September 1989) was a French film actress and a major star of French silent cinema. After an early appearance in a film of Louis Feuillade, she had significant roles in films of Jean Epstein, including "Cœur fidèle", and of Germaine Dulac. In Abel Gance's "Napoléon", she took the part of Joséphine de Beauharnais, and then played the title role in Jacques Feyder's "Thérèse Raquin" (now lost). She made the transition to sound films but during the 1930s her roles diminished in importance, and periods of residence in Morocco took her further from the public eye. She continued to take small roles in films, and also worked in the circus and in the theatre. In total Manès appeared in over 90 films between 1916 and 1966. Context_9 : Jean Epstein (] ; March 25, 1897 – April 2, 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. Although he is remembered today primarily for his adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher", Epstein directed three dozen films and was an influential critic of literature and film from the early 1920s through the late 1940s. He is often associated with French Impressionist Cinema and the concept of "photogénie". Context_10 : Finis Terræ is a 1929 French silent drama film written and directed by Jean Epstein. The story centres on a small group of men harvesting seaweed off the coast of Brittany, and the problems which arise when one of them gets an infected thumb. The film's title is the old Latin name of the region Finistère, where the story is set, and means "End of the Earth". The film is shot in a documentary-like style, with local non-actors in all roles, and frequent handheld camerawork. Also, Epstein often inserts slow motion footage. fact_1 : Jean Epstein (] ; March 25, 1897 – April 2, 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. fact_2 : Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor best remembered for "The Thief of Bagdad" (1940). Question: Jean Epstein and Tim Whelan, are French?
Output: no
Input: Consider Input: Context_1 : Frederic Alan "Fred" Schepisi, AO ( ; born 26 December 1939) is an Australian film director, producer and screenwriter. His credits include "The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith", "Plenty", "Roxanne", "Six Degrees of Separation", "Mr. Baseball" and "Last Orders". Context_2 : Roxanne is a 1987 American romantic comedy film directed by Fred Schepisi and starring Steve Martin and Daryl Hannah. It is a modern retelling of Edmond Rostand's 1897 verse play "Cyrano de Bergerac", adapted by Steve Martin. Context_3 : Jai Veeru is a Hindi action film directed by Puneet Sira, and starring Fardeen Khan, Kunal Khemu, Dia Mirza, Arbaaz Khan and Anjana Sukhani. The film was released on 13 March 2009. It is a remake of the 1996 action, "Bulletproof". The title of the film is named after the famous characters, Jai and Veeru from the film "Sholay". Context_4 : I Proud to Be an Indian (Hindi: एक भारतीय होने पर गर्व , Urdu: ) is a 2004 Indian Hindi action film written and directed by Puneet Sira and produced by Sohail Khan. Context_5 : Puneet Sira (born 3 December 1967) is a British and Bollywood film director, producer, screenwriter and actor. Context_6 : Kisaan (Hindi: किसान "Kisān") is a 2009 Bollywood film directed by Puneet Sira, which focuses on Farmers' suicides in India Its title is Hindi for "farmer". Context_7 : Mary Rubin Schepisi (born March 6, 1949) is an American artist currently working in Melbourne, Australia, and New York City. She is married to the film director Fred Schepisi. Context_8 : Last Orders is a 2001 British/German drama film written and directed by Fred Schepisi. The screenplay is based on the 1996 Booker Prize-winning novel "Last Orders" by Graham Swift. Context_9 : Evil Angels (released as A Cry in the Dark outside of Australia and New Zealand) is a 1988 Australian drama film directed by Fred Schepisi. The screenplay by Schepisi and Robert Caswell is based on John Bryson's 1985 book of the same name. It chronicles the case of Azaria Chamberlain, a nine-week-old baby girl who disappeared from a campground near Uluru (then called Ayers Rock) in August 1980 and the struggle of her parents, Michael and Lindy, to prove their innocence to a public convinced that they were complicit in her death. Meryl Streep and Sam Neill star as the Chamberlains, and Streep was nominated for an Academy Award for her performance. Context_10 : Schepisi was born and raised in Melbourne, Victoria. She's the daughter of Australian film screenwriter and director Fred Schepisi and American artist Mary Schepisi (née Rubin). She obtained her bachelor's degree in dramatic art from Victorian College of the Arts in 1997. fact_1 : Puneet Sira (born 3 December 1967) is a British and Bollywood film director, producer, screenwriter and actor. fact_2 : Frederic Alan "Fred" Schepisi, AO ( ; born 26 December 1939) is an Australian film director, producer and screenwriter. Question: Puneet Sira and Fred Schepisi, have which mutual occupations?
| Output: film director, producer, screenwriter
| 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
See one example below:
Problem: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : The Ghana Secondary Technical School is a Science and Technology oriented high school located in Takoradi on the west coast of Ghana. The school was founded on 9 August 1909 in Accra as Accra Technical School, and, after the name had been changed to Government Technical School, it moved to its current site in Takoradi in 1939. In 1953, the name was changed to Government Secondary Technical School, and in 1970, it was given its current name. Context_2 : Prospect Heights School District 23 is a school district located in Prospect Heights, Illinois, a Chicago suburb. The majority of the schools, (Betsy Ross Elementary School, Anne Sullivan Elementary School, and Douglas A. MacArthur Middle School) are located in the corner of Palatine Rd. and Schoenbeck Rd. Dwight D. Eisenhower Elementary School is located near the Public Library and Park District center of the city at Camp McDonald Rd. and Schoenbeck Rd. Altogether, a total of about 1,450 student attend the school. A little less than half attend the middle school. Students from Prospect Heights, Arlington Heights, Mount Prospect and Wheeling attend the school district. The districts students later attend Township High School District 214 going to either John Hersey High School or Wheeling High School. Context_3 : Groton-Dunstable Regional High School (GDRHS) is located in Groton, Massachusetts and serves the communities of both Groton and Dunstable in the Groton-Dunstable Regional School District. While GDRHS is the only public high school located within those communities students from Groton may also attend the public Nashoba Valley Technical High School while students from Dunstable may attend the public Greater Lowell Technical High School. Approximately 850 students attend GDRHS and they are primarily graduates of Groton-Dunstable Regional Middle School. GDRHS has a primarily college preparatory curriculum with approximately 87% of its students attending four-year colleges and over 90% attending two- or four-year colleges upon graduation in 2010. Context_4 : Takoradi Senior High School (TADISCO) is a coeducational second-cycle institution in Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana. Context_5 : Lake Park High School is a public, four-year high school occupying two campuses, both located in Roselle, Illinois, a northwestern suburb of Chicago. Freshmen and sophomores attend the East Campus (the original campus built in 1956), located near Medinah and juniors and seniors attend the West Campus. It is part of the Lake Park Community High School District 108. Students from Roselle, Medinah, Bloomingdale, Itasca, Wood Dale, Keeneyville, and Hanover Park attend the school. Context_6 : Charleston Community Unit School District 1 is a unified school district based in Charleston, the county seat of Coles County, Illinois; it was created through the consolidation of the charter school district it was formed from and over sixty-seven other school districts in the area. Charleston Community Unit School District 1 is a conglomerate of six schools, with all but one located in Charleston itself: four elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school form the makeup of the district. Education begins at a prekindergarten level, and those living in the Charleston area attend Mark Twain Elementary School, which prepares early youth for schooling by taking them through prekindergarten and kindergarten under the supervision of principal Terry Diss. Students who live in the far east reaches of Coles County may attend Ashmore Elementary School, which is based in a northeasterly village by the same name; Ashmore's distance from the other schools permits it to educate a larger range of students for the sake of efficiency. The school educates students from kindergarten through grade four, and also runs a prekindergarten program. Ashmore is also governed by Terry Diss. Students who graduate from Mark Twain move onwards to Carl Sandburg Elementary School, which educates those in grades one, two, and three under principal Chad Burgett. At Jefferson Elementary School in Charleston, the student bodies from both Carl Sandburg Elementary School and Ashmore Elementary School are consolidated. Students from grades four through six are taught in the facility under the supervision of principal Deborah Poffinbarger. District students graduating from Jefferson are moved to Charleston Middle School, where they are taught as seventh and eighth graders; the school principal here is Sandy Wilson. The last branch of education that Charleston's school district can provide is the education of adolescents in the grades nine through twelve at Charleston High School, which is run by principal Trevor Doughty. The superintendent of the schools in the district as of the 2007-08 school year was Dr. William Hill, although is considered as an interim;lastly, the mascots of the district and its middle and high schools are the Trojans, while the mascot of Jefferson Elementary School is the bulldog. Context_7 : Lyons Township High School (often referred to as LTHS or simply LT) is a public high school located in Western Springs, Illinois (South Campus), and also in La Grange, Illinois (North Campus). Lyons Township is a co-educational high school and serves grades 9–12 for Lyons Township High School District 204. Students from the communities of LaGrange, Western Springs, Burr Ridge, La Grange Park, Countryside, Indian Head Park, Hodgkins, and parts of Brookfield, Willow Springs, and McCook attend Lyons Township. Lyons Township High School is the 8th-largest public high school in Illinois and the 46th-largest public high school in the United States. Freshmen and sophomores attend class at South campus, located at 4900 S. Willow Springs Rd. in Western Springs. Juniors and seniors attend class at North campus, located at 100 S. Brainard Ave. in LaGrange, which also houses the district offices. Sports facilities at Lyons Township include swimming pools, field houses, theatres, a turf football field (south campus), soccer fields, baseball fields, a gym, outdoor tracks, basketball courts, and volleyball courts. The two campuses are about a mile apart. Activity buses run after school between the campuses. Context_8 : Joseph Otsiman was born at Effia Kuma, Takoradi on Saturday afternoon 3 June 1989. He attended Nana Brempong basic and Junior high School. He then attended Takoradi Senior High School where he studied Science. He later continued at the National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT). He is an AMA Awards nominee for the role he played in his first feature film "The Cursed Ones" in 2015. He is the Co-Founder of Greenyard Entertainment; a production house that is currently involved in short films and web series. Context_9 : Kempsville High School is one of eleven public high schools in the Virginia Beach City Public Schools system. It is a comprehensive high school for students in grades 9-12. Located in the western section of the city, the Kempsville High School covers approximately 12 sq. miles, and draws students from both Kempsville Middle School and Larkspur Middle School. In the Fall of 2016, Kempsville High School will be home to the Virginia Beach City Public Schools newest academy program, The Entrepreneurship and Business Academy at Kempsville High School. Students from across the school division can apply to attend this new academy program. A normal school day at Kempsville High is organized into an A/B block schedule with four class periods. Semester courses earn one-half credit, and year courses earn one credit upon successful completion of the course. All students at Kempsville High School have the opportunity to earn dual enrollment credit through Tidewater Community College, attend the Governor’s Magnet School for the Arts, attend the Technical and Career Education Center, attend the Advanced Technology Center, and the evening credit program at Renaissance Academy.The school mission statement is “Kempsville High School is committed to equipping students to be independent, responsible, academically proficient, technically and globally literate critical and creative thinkers." Context_10 : Cumberland Community Unit School District 77 is a unified school district located in the county seat of Cumberland County, the village of Toledo, Illinois. It is composed of three schools: one elementary school, one junior high school, and one high school, and altogether, as of the 2007-08 school year, encompasses 1,132 students. Students just entering the district first attend Cumberland Elementary School, which serves students from kindergarten through grade five; the school also runs a pre-kindergarten program, and is headed by T. Butler. Those in grades six through eight attend Cumberland Junior High School, which is headed by principal Kevin Maynard. Graduates spend their last years in the district at Cumberland High School, from grade nine through grade twelve. The principal of Cumberland High School is Todd Hall. The superintendent of the district is Todd Butler; the nickname of the district junior high school is the Raiders, while the nickname of the high school is the Pirates. fact_1 : He then attended Takoradi Senior High School where he studied Science. fact_2 : Takoradi Senior High School (TADISCO) is a coeducational second-cycle institution in Takoradi in the Western Region of Ghana. Question: What school did Joseph Otsiman attend that is located in Takoradi?
Solution: | Takoradi Senior High School | 4 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Why? From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
New input: Context_1 : Joseph Andrew "Drew" Casper is a Professor of Critical Studies in the School of Cinematic Arts at the University of Southern California and considered an authority on American film from World War II to the present. While a Ph.D. student at USC, Dr. Casper's mentor, Irwin Blacker, died suddenly and the Cinema department offered Dr. Casper a position. Casper has risen to become the third-highest-paid person at USC. In the fall of 1997, the estate of Alfred Hitchcock and USC made Dr. Casper the first Alma and Alfred Hitchcock Professor for the Study of American Film. Casper provides a steady stream of DVD commentaries and expertise on films. He is the author of books about Vincente Minnelli, Stanley Donen, a book on Postwar Hollywood 1946–1962., and a volume called Hollywood Film, 1963-1976: Years of Revolution and Reaction, publisher=Wiley-Blackwell 2011 Context_2 : Gigi ] is a 1958 American musical-romance film directed by Vincente Minnelli processed using MGM's Metrocolor. The screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner is based on the 1944 novella of the same name by Colette. The film features songs with lyrics by Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe, arranged and conducted by André Previn. Context_3 : Minnelli on Minnelli: Live at the Palace was a concert presented by Liza Minnelli at the Palace Theatre on Broadway from December 8, 1999 through January 2, 2000. The show consisted of songs featured in films directed by her father, Vincente Minnelli (1903-1986). Context_4 : Babes on Broadway is a 1941 American musical film starring Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland and directed by Busby Berkeley, with Vincente Minnelli directing Garland's big solo numbers. The film, which features Fay Bainter and Virginia Weidler, was the third in the "Backyard Musical" series about kids who put on their own show, following "Babes in Arms" (1939) and "Strike Up the Band" (1940). Songs in the film include "Babes on Broadway" by Burton Lane (music) and E.Y. "Yip" Harburg (lyrics), and "How About You?" by Lane with lyrics by Ralph Freed, the brother of producer Arthur Freed. The movie ends with a minstrel show performed by the main cast in blackface. Context_5 : Vincente Minnelli (February 28, 1903 – July 25, 1986) was an American stage director and film director, famous for directing such classic movie musicals as "Meet Me in St. Louis", "Gigi", "The Band Wagon", and "An American in Paris". In addition to having directed some of the most famous and well-remembered musicals of his time, Minnelli made many comedies and melodramas. He was married to Judy Garland from 1945 until 1951; they were the parents of Liza Minnelli. Context_6 : An American in Paris is a 1951 American musical film inspired by the 1928 orchestral composition "An American in Paris" by George Gershwin. Starring Gene Kelly, Leslie Caron, Oscar Levant, Georges Guétary, and Nina Foch, the film is set in Paris, and was directed by Vincente Minnelli from a script by Alan Jay Lerner. The music is by George Gershwin, with lyrics by his brother Ira, with additional music by Saul Chaplin, the music director. Context_7 : On a Clear Day You Can See Forever is a 1970 American musical comedy-drama fantasy film directed by Vincente Minnelli. The screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner is adapted from his book for the 1965 stage production of the same name. The songs feature lyrics by Lerner and music by Burton Lane. The American Film Institute has listed "On a Clear Day You Can See Forever" as one of the 100 greatest musical films ever. Context_8 : Herbert David Ross (May 13, 1927 – October 9, 2001) was an American actor, choreographer, director and producer who worked predominantly in the stage and film. Context_9 : The 5th Cannes Film Festival was held from 23 April to 10 May 1952. As in the previous three festivals, the entire jury of this festival was made up of French persons, with Maurice Genevoix as the Jury President. The Grand Prix of the Festival went to the "Two Cents Worth of Hope" by Renato Castellani and "Othello" by Orson Welles. The festival opened with "An American in Paris" by Vincente Minnelli. Context_10 : A Matter of Time is a 1976 American-Italian musical fantasy film starring Liza Minnelli and Ingrid Bergman, directed by Vincente Minnelli. The screenplay by John Gay is based on the novel "The Film of Memory" by Maurice Druon. The fictional story is based loosely on the real life exploits of the infamous Italian eccentric, the Marchesa Casati, whom Druon knew during her declining years in London while he was stationed there during World War II. The film marked the first screen appearance for Isabella Rossellini, the last for Charles Boyer, and it proved to be Vincente Minnelli's final project. fact_1 : Vincente Minnelli (February 28, 1903 – July 25, 1986) was an American stage director and film director, famous for directing such classic movie musicals as "Meet Me in St. Louis", "Gigi", "The Band Wagon", and "An American in Paris". fact_2 : Herbert David Ross (May 13, 1927 – October 9, 2001) was an American actor, choreographer, director and producer who worked predominantly in the stage and film. Question: Are both Vincente Minnelli and Herbert Ross American?
Solution: | yes | 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Reggie and Me (also known as Reggie and Archie's Rival, Reggie) is an ongoing comic book series featuring the Archie Comics character Reggie Mantle. The character first appeared in "Jackpot Comics" #5 (cover dated Spring 1942). He received his own self-titled ongoing comic book series in 1950 which ran on and off until September 1980. A second series began publication in December 2016, being set in Archie Comics New Riverdale universe with a new character design aesthetic and a more mature story format and scripting, aimed for older, contemporary teenage and young adult readers. Even the printed comic book format is different from the previous publications. Context_2 : Tyreese Williams is a fictional character from the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and is portrayed by Chad Coleman in the American television series of the same name. He is a prominent character in both mediums, acting as group leader Rick Grimes' right hand man in the comic book series, up until the end of "Made to Suffer". Context_3 : Lucas "Snapper" Carr is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character, whose fictional nickname is almost always used by other characters in favor of his given name, was created by Gardner Fox (writer) and Mike Sekowsky (penciller), and made his first appearance in "The Brave and the Bold" in February 1960. From 1960 to 1969, Snapper Carr appeared as a supporting character to the Justice League of America, a superhero team. The character occasionally appeared in comics featuring the Justice League from 1969 to 1989, when the "Invasion!" limited-series comic book gave him superpowers. He was associated with a new superhero team, The Blasters, in various comics until 1993, when he lost his powers and became a main character in the "Hourman" comic book. After the cancellation of "Hourman" in April 2001, he became a main character in the "Young Justice" comic book beginning in December 2001. "Young Justice" was cancelled in May 2003, and he became associated with the governmental organization Checkmate, a role revealed when the character played a small but important role in the 2007-2008 limited series comic book "52 Aftermath: The Four Horsemen". The character made major appearances in "Final Crisis: Resist" in December 2008 and "Justice League of America 80-Page Giant" in November 2009. Context_4 : Dream is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics' imprint Vertigo. The character is the protagonist of the comic book series "The Sandman", written by Neil Gaiman. One of the seven Endless, inconceivably powerful beings older and greater than gods, Dream is both lord and personification of all dreams and stories, all that is not in reality (which, in turn, Dream may define by his existence). He has taken many names, including Morpheus and Oneiros, and his appearance can change depending on the person who is seeing him. Dream was named the sixth-greatest comic book character by "Empire Magazine". He was also named fifteenth in IGN's 100 Top Comic Book Heroes list. Context_5 : Caesar Ramon Martinez is a recurring fictional character from the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and is portrayed by Jose Pablo Cantillo in the third and fourth seasons of the television show of the same name. Martinez is introduced in the 27th issue of the comic book series in April 2006 as the loyal second-in-command to The Governor. He is responsible for bringing Rick Grimes and two of his fellow survivors, Michonne and Glenn into Woodbury to be questioned and later tortured. In the television series, he is introduced in the third season's third episode to Andrea and Michonne as one of The Governor's soldiers. Context_6 : Faith is a fictional character created by Joss Whedon for the television series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer". Played by actress Eliza Dushku, Faith was introduced in the third season of "Buffy" and was a focus of that season's overarching plot. She returned for shorter story arcs on "Buffy" and its spin-off, "Angel". The character's story is continued in the comic book series "Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight", and she also appears in apocryphal material such as other comic books and novels. Faith was set to receive her own spin-off television series after the final season of "Buffy", but Eliza Dushku declined the offer, and the series was never made. The character later co-stars in the 25-issue comic book "Angel & Faith" beginning in August 2011 under the banner of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Nine", the story taking place mostly in London and the surrounding area. Seven years after the character's creation, Whedon granted her the surname Lehane for a role-playing game and subsequent material. The last issue of "Season Eight" was the first source officially confirmed to be canon that referred to Faith by her full name. Context_7 : Archie (also known as Archie Comics) is an ongoing comic book series featuring the Archie Comics character Archie Andrews. The character first appeared in "Pep Comics" #22 (cover dated December 1941). Archie proved to be popular enough to warrant his own self-titled ongoing comic book series which began publication in the winter of 1942 and ran until June 2015. A second series began publication in July 2015, featuring a reboot of the entire Archie universe with a new character design aesthetic and a more mature story format and scripting, aimed for older, contemporary teenage and young adult readers. Even the printed comic book format is different from the previous publications. Context_8 : The Walking Dead is an ongoing black-and-white comic book series created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore. It focuses on Rick Grimes, a deputy who is shot in the line of duty and awakens from a coma in the zombie apocalypse that placed Georgia under quarantine. He finds his wife and son, and meets other survivors, gradually taking on the role of leader among a group and later a community as Rick and his group try to survive the zombie apocalypse. Context_9 : Rosita Espinosa is a fictional character from the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and is portrayed by Christian Serratos in the American television series of the same name. She accompanies Eugene Porter and Abraham Ford on a mission to Washington, D.C. In the comic book series, she joins Rick Grimes' group after they leave Hershel Greene's farm and go to DC. Eventually Eugene is revealed to have lied but they continue onto Washington anyway, since he was still convinced the city would offer greater chance of survival, and they eventually find the Alexandria Safe-Zone. Though she and Abraham continue their relationship she eventually breaks up with him when he cheats on her with Holly and moves in with Eugene, eventually starting a relationship with him, but forgives Abraham after he is killed by Dwight. Rosita also takes part in the war against the Saviors led by Negan it's conclusion of which sees the 4 communities uniting forces. Two years later Rosita and Eugene are married but their relationship is strained. Rosita is revealed to be pregnant, but Eugene is not the father. She is ultimately killed by Alpha, leader of the Whisperers, along with 11 other key members of all 4 communities. Context_10 : Tara Chambler is a fictional character from the horror drama television series "The Walking Dead", which airs on AMC in the United States and is based on the comic book series of the same name"." The character is based on Tara Chalmers from "", a novel based on the comic book series and the past of the Governor. She is portrayed by Alanna Masterson. She is the first character identified as LGBT to be introduced in the series. fact_1 : Tyreese Williams is a fictional character from the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and is portrayed by Chad Coleman in the American television series of the same name. fact_2 : The Walking Dead is an ongoing black-and-white comic book series created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore. Question: Tyreese Williams is a fictional character from which comic book series?
Ex Output:
The Walking Dead
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Patricia "Trish" Sie (née Kulash) is an American film and music video director, best known for directing the films "" (2014) and "Pitch Perfect 3" (2017), as well as music videos, particularly for the alternative rock band OK Go. She has worked in film, television, commercials, music videos, stage, children's entertainment and ballroom DanceSport. Context_2 : Do Re Mi is a 1996 Filipino Tagalog language musical comedy film directed by Ike Jarlego Jr. and released by Neo Films. It stars Donna Cruz, Regine Velasquez, and Mikee Cojuangco. The movie is considered to be the most successful Filipino musical comedy of all time. The film's title is a play between the solfège and a portmanteau using the first two letters of Donna Cruz, Regine Velasquez, and Mikee Cojuangco's first names. Context_3 : Manadhai Thirudivittai (Tamil: மனதை திருடிவிட்டாய் ) ; English: You have stolen my heart! ) is a 2001 Indian Tamil musical comedy film written and directed by newcomer R. D. Narayanamurthy, starring Prabhudeva, Kausalya and newcomer Gayatri Jayaraman in lead roles and also stars both the comedians Vivek and Vadivelu, being their most recent collaboration in Tamil films. The film, which has music scored by Yuvan Shankar Raja, released on 14 November 2001 and met with average results the box office. However, the film was nonetheless dubbed into Telugu and released as "Manasuna Manasai" in 2005. The film successfully ran for 100 days. The director R. D. Narayanamurthy and Prabhudeva celebrated the success in a grand manner. Vadivelu and Viveks comedy was well appreciated and a key point for success of this film. Context_4 : School of Rock is a 2003 musical comedy film directed by Richard Linklater, produced by Scott Rudin, and written by Mike White. The film stars Jack Black, Joan Cusack, Mike White, Sarah Silverman, Joey Gaydos Jr. and Miranda Cosgrove. Black plays struggling rock singer and guitarist Dewey Finn, who is kicked out of his band and subsequently disguises as a substitute teacher at a prestigious prep school. After witnessing the musical talent in his students in their music class, Dewey forms a band of fourth-graders to attempt to win the upcoming Battle of the Bands and pay off his rent. Context_5 : Michael Gracey is an Australian film and commercial director and visual effects artist. He is the director of the upcoming musical biopic "The Greatest Showman" starring Hugh Jackman. Context_6 : My Friend Pinto is a 2011 Indian musical comedy film written and directed by debutante director Raaghav Dar. It stars Prateik Babbar as a well intentioned simpleton Michael Pinto, and follows the chain of events that unfold over the course of a New Year's Eve in Mumbai. Produced by Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Ronnie Screwvala, and distributed by UTV Motion Pictures, it has elements of picaresque, slapstick comedy and multiple musical sequences. The film had Kalki Koechlin, Arjun Mathur, Shruti Seth, Makrand Deshpande, Raj Zutshi and Divya Dutta play supporting roles. Context_7 : Leathernecking (1930) is an American pre-Code musical comedy film directed by Edward F. Cline, from a screenplay by Alfred Jackson and Jane Murfin, adapted from the Broadway musical comedy "Present Arms", by Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart and Herbert Fields. Context_8 : Giuditta is an operatic "musikalische Komödie " (German for "musical comedy") in five scenes, with music by Franz Lehár and a German libretto, by and Fritz Löhner-Beda. Scored for a large orchestra, it was Lehár's last and most ambitious work, written on a larger scale than his previous operettas. Of all his works it is the one which most approaches true opera, the resemblances between the story and that of Bizet's "Carmen" and its unhappy ending heightening the resonances. Perhaps the best known song in the work is the soprano aria "Meine Lippen, sie küssen so heiß ", sung by Giuditta in the fourth scene. Another strong influence, especially for the North African setting, was the 1930 movie "Morocco", starring Marlene Dietrich and Gary Cooper in very similar central roles, she being a singer-dancer, he being a soldier. Context_9 : Manhattan Parade is a 1931 American Pre-Code musical comedy film photographed entirely in Technicolor. It was originally intended to be released, in the United States, early in 1931, but was shelved due to public apathy towards musicals. Despite waiting a number of months, the public proved obstinate and the Warner Bros. reluctantly released the film in December 1931 after removing all the music. Since there was no such reactions to musicals outside the United States, the film was released there as a full musical comedy in 1931. Context_10 : Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon. A sequel to "Pitch Perfect 2" (2015) and the third and final installment in the "Pitch Perfect" trilogy, the film will star Anna Kendrick, Anna Camp, Rebel Wilson, Brittany Snow, Hailee Steinfeld, Alexis Knapp, Ester Dean, Hana Mae Lee, Chrissie Fit, Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner, with Elizabeth Banks and John Michael Higgins. The film is scheduled to be released on December 22, 2017. fact_1 : Patricia "Trish" Sie (née Kulash) is an American film and music video director, best known for directing the films "" (2014) and "Pitch Perfect 3" (2017), as well as music videos, particularly for the alternative rock band OK Go. fact_2 : Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon. Question: Trish Sie was a director for the upcoming musical comedy film written by whom?
Ex Output:
Kay Cannon
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Land of Dreams is a 1988 Swedish essay film by Jan Troell. Its original Swedish title is Sagolandet, which means "The land of tales". Through a series of reportages from contemporary Sweden, Troell uses the film to ponder on the country's transformation since his childhood, into a society he argues has become permeated by rationality at the expense of creativity. Interweaved with the reportages are conversations with the American existential psychologist Rollo May, the politician Ingvar Carlsson soon before he became the prime minister of Sweden, and former prime minister Tage Erlander. Filming took place from 1983 to 1986. Context_2 : Jan Gustaf Troell (born 23 July 1931) is a Swedish film director. Usually, Troell writes his own scripts and serves as his own director of photography. His realistic films, with a lyrical photography in which nature is prominent, have placed him in the first rank of modern Swedish film directors along with Ingmar Bergman and Bo Widerberg. Context_3 : The Last Sentence (Swedish: "Dom över död man; Judgement on the dead" ) is a Swedish film from 2012, directed by Jan Troell and starring Jesper Christensen, Pernilla August, Björn Granath and Ulla Skoog. It is set between 1933 and 1945, and focuses on the life and career of Torgny Segerstedt, a Swedish newspaper editor who was a prominent critic of Hitler and the Nazis during a period when the Swedish government and monarch were intent on maintaining Sweden's neutrality and avoiding tensions with Germany. The film also deals with Segerstedt's relations with his wife, his mistress, and his mistress's husband (who was a close friend of Segerstedt). Context_4 : Everlasting Moments (Swedish: Maria Larssons eviga ögonblick ) is a 2008 Swedish drama film directed by Jan Troell, starring Maria Heiskanen, Mikael Persbrandt and Jesper Christensen. It is based on the true story of Maria Larsson, a Swedish working class woman in the early 20th century, who wins a camera in a lottery and goes on to become a photographer. It has been compared to Troell's previous films "Here's Your Life" and "As White as in Snow", which are both set around the same period. Context_5 : Flight of the Eagle (Swedish: "Ingenjör Andrées luftfärd" ) is a Swedish biographical drama film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 26 August 1982, directed by Jan Troell, based on Per Olof Sundman's novelization of the true story of S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition of 1897, an ill-fated effort to reach the North Pole in which all three expedition members perished. The film stars Max von Sydow as S.A. Andrée, Sverre Anker Ousdal as Knut Frænkel and Göran Stangertz as Nils Strindberg. Dutch-Swedish songwriter Cornelis Vreeswijk plays the role of the journalist Lundström. Context_6 : Here Is Your Life (Swedish: Här har du ditt liv ) is a Swedish drama film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 26 December 1966, directed by Jan Troell, based on the second of Eyvind Johnson's semi-autobiographical series of four novels "Romanen om Olof", about a working-class boy growing up in the northern parts of Sweden. Context_7 : As White as in Snow (Swedish title: "Så vit som en snö") is a Swedish film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 16 February 2001, directed by Jan Troell. It won three Guldbagge Awards, for best film, best direction and best cinematography, and was nominated for best screenplay . Context_8 : The Emigrants (Swedish: Utvandrarna ) is a 1971 Swedish film directed by Jan Troell and starring Max von Sydow, Liv Ullmann, Eddie Axberg and Allan Edwall. It tells the story of a Swedish group who emigrate from Småland, Sweden to Minnesota, United States in the 19th century. The film follows the hardship of the group in Sweden and on the trip. Context_9 : The New Land (Swedish: Nybyggarna ) is a 1972 Swedish film co-written and directed by Jan Troell and starring Max von Sydow, Liv Ullmann and Eddie Axberg. The film is a sequel to Troell's 1971 film "The Emigrants", and both are based on "The Emigrants" novels by Vilhelm Moberg. Drawing its story from the last two novels, "The Settlers" and "The Last Letter Home", the film is about the Swedish immigrants establishing their home in Minnesota, during the Dakota War of 1862. Context_10 : Daniel Michael DeVito, Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, comedian, director and producer. He gained prominence for his portrayal of the taxi dispatcher Louie De Palma in the television series "Taxi" (1978–1983), which won him a Golden Globe and an Emmy. fact_1 : Jan Gustaf Troell (born 23 July 1931) is a Swedish film director. fact_2 : Daniel Michael DeVito, Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor, comedian, director and producer. Question: Who is based our of Sweden, Jan Troell or Danny DeVito?
Ex Output:
| Jan Gustaf Troell
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Muhammad Ali and Jerry Quarry fought two boxing matches with each other. The first bout took place on October 26, 1970; and the second on June 27, 1972. Ali won both fights through technical knockouts.The first fight was stopped in the third round; and the second in the seventh round. The first Ali-Quarry fight is considered particularly notable because it was the first time Ali was fighting after his suspension from boxing. Context_2 : Heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali and former champion Floyd Patterson fought two times. The first bout took place on November 22, 1965; and the second on September 20, 1972. Ali won both fights through technical knockouts. The first fight was stopped in the twelfth round; and the second after the seventh round. Context_3 : John Olson is a forger associated with the FBI's Operation Bullpen investigation. He would plead guilty to forging thousands of Muhammad Ali and various other autographs. The FBI gathered information on the ring during a previous sting known as operation FOUL BALL. They launched the investigation that would ultimately culminate with the bust October 13, 1999. They took down the biggest forgery ring in sports memorabilia history. Chuck Wepner, a former sparring partner of Ali and tough man boxer from Bayonne, New Jersey, would vouch for the autographs and John Olson and others would sign the items. Context_4 : Monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty reigned over Egypt from 1805 to 1953. Their rule also extended to Sudan throughout much of this period, as well as to the Levant, and Hejaz during the first half of the 19th century. The Muhammad Ali dynasty was founded by Muhammad Ali Pasha, an Albanian commander in the expeditionary force sent by the Ottoman Empire in 1801 to dislodge the French occupation of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte. The defeat and departure of the French left a power vacuum in Egypt, which had been an Ottoman province since the 16th century, but in which the pre-Ottoman Mamluk military caste maintained considerable power. After a three-year civil war, Muhammad Ali managed to consolidate his control over Egypt, and declared himself Khedive of the country. The Ottoman Porte refused to acknowledge this title, instead recognizing Muhammad Ali by the more junior title of "Wāli" (meaning governor or viceroy) on 18 June 1805, making Muhammad Ali the successor to Ahmad Khurshid Pasha in that position. In the years following his consolidation of power, Muhammad Ali extended Egypt's borders south into Sudan, and eastwards into the Arab Mashreq, particularly the Levant. In 1840, his demand for hereditary control of Egypt and Sudan to be passed to his heirs and successors was accepted and confirmed by the Convention of London, but he was compelled to agree that, upon his death, control over his territories in the Mashreq would revert to the Porte. Context_5 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Held at the 20th of May Stadium (now the Stade Tata Raphaël), it pitted the undefeated world heavyweight champion George Foreman against challenger Muhammad Ali, a former heavyweight champion; the attendance was 60,000. Ali won by knockout, putting Foreman down just before the end of the eighth round. It has been called "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century". The event was one of Don King's first ventures as a professional boxing promoter. Context_6 : Muhammad Ali evolved considerably in his religious and spiritual views throughout his life. Ali was introduced to the Nation of Islam in 1962, and officially became a member of the organization shortly after his first bout with Liston. He converted to Sunni Islam after the death of the Nation's leader, Elijah Muhammad, in 1975, following which the organization's leader Wallace D. Muhammad had aligned the ideology of the Nation with Sunni Islam. Around 2005, Ali again converted, this time to Sufism. Context_7 : Muhammad Ali and Joe Bugner fought two boxing matches with each other. Their first bout took place on 14 February 1973; and the second on 1 July 1975. Ali won both matches through unanimous decisions on points.The 1975 fight with Bugner was the last bout Ali fought before Thrilla in Manila. Context_8 : Facing Ali is a 2002 book authored by Stephen Brunt; it is about fifteen different fighters from around the world who battled with Muhammad Ali in boxing fights. In each chapter of the book, one of the selected fighters recalls the experience of fighting with Ali. The profiled fighters include Ali's famous opponents like George Foreman, Joe Frazier, and Ken Norton; and also the relatively obscure like the German butcher Jurgen Blin who "was back at work at the sausage factory" after having fought with Ali the previous day. Other fighters profiled in the book include Tunney Hunsaker, Jean Pierre Coopman, Henry Cooper, Ron Lyle, Chuck Wepner, George Chuvalo and Larry Holmes. Context_9 : Robert "Rocky" Balboa is the title character of the "Rocky" series. The character was created by Sylvester Stallone, who also portrayed him in all seven "Rocky" films. He is depicted as an everyman who started out by going the distance and overcoming obstacles that had occurred in his life and career as a professional boxer. While he is loosely based on Chuck Wepner, a one-time boxer who fought Muhammad Ali and lost on a TKO in the 15th round, the inspiration for the name, iconography and fighting style came from boxing legend Rocky Marciano. Context_10 : Muhammad Ali and Chuck Wepner fought each other in a boxing match on March 24, 1975. This was Ali's first boxing bout after The Rumble in the Jungle. The fight was billed as "Give the White Guy a Break". Ali won the fight after he knocked out Wepner in the fifteenth round.The fight is notable for being among the four fights in which Ali was officially knocked down in the ring, and for inspiring the 1976 film "Rocky". fact_1 : This was Ali's first boxing bout after The Rumble in the Jungle. fact_2 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Question: Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner was the first bout for Ali after which bout in Zaire?
SOLUTION: The Rumble in the Jungle
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Ian Patrick Kennedy (born December 19, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the New York Yankees, Arizona Diamondbacks and San Diego Padres. Context_2 : Dolls is a 1987 Italian-American horror film directed by Stuart Gordon, produced by Charles Band and Brian Yuzna and was written by Ed Naha. It stars Stephen Lee, Guy Rolfe, Hilary Mason, Ian Patrick Williams and Bunty Bailey. In the film, during a harsh thunderstorm, a group of six people arrives at the mansion of an old puppetmaker and his wife. The film eventually reveals that the puppetmaker's puppets in the house are actually cursed immoral people who had been killed and imprisoned in puppet bodies for years in order to pay for their crimes. Context_3 : The Neighbors is a sci-fi sitcom about aliens in Bayonne, New Jersey. The main cast includes Jami Gertz, Lenny Venito, Simon Templeman, Toks Olagundoye, Clara Mamet, Tim Jo, Ian Patrick, Max Charles, and Isabella Cramp. Context_4 : Ian Patrick was the Private Secretary to the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina when Lord Ashdown occupied the role, working with Edward Llewellyn. Ian Patrick was Lord Ashdown's Private Secretary from 1998-2002, prior to going to Bosnia and features in Lord Ashdown's autobiography, "A Fortunate Life" which he encouraged Ashdown to write. For his work in Bosnia Ian was awarded the MBE in the 2006 New Year Honours List. Ian Patrick is currently a special advisor to Sir John Sawers GCMG. Context_5 : Ian Patrick Sandbrook was born 22 March 1983 in Palmerston North. He is a New Zealand cricketer who has played for the Central Districts Stags and he has also played for Manawatu in the Hawke Cup. Context_6 : An autobiography (from the Greek, αὐτός-"autos" self + βίος-"bios" life + γράφειν-"graphein" to write) is a self-written account of the life of a person. The word "autobiography" was first used deprecatingly by William Taylor in 1797 in the English periodical "The Monthly Review", when he suggested the word as a hybrid, but condemned it as "pedantic". However, its next recorded use was in its present sense, by Robert Southey in 1809. Despite only being named early in the nineteenth century, first-person autobiographical writing originates in antiquity. Roy Pascal differentiates autobiography from the periodic self-reflective mode of journal or diary writing by noting that "[autobiography] is a review of a life from a particular moment in time, while the diary, however reflective it may be, moves through a series of moments in time". Autobiography thus takes stock of the autobiographer's life from the moment of composition. While biographers generally rely on a wide variety of documents and viewpoints, autobiography may be based entirely on the writer's memory. The memoir form is closely associated with autobiography but it tends, as Pascal claims, to focus less on the self and more on others during the autobiographer's review of his or her life. Context_7 : Ian Patrick Harte (born 31 August 1977) is a football agent and a retired Irish footballer who played as a defender and was best known for his ability to score goals from long range, including being a free kick specialist. Context_8 : Ian Patrick Martyn Cundy (23 April 1945 – 7 May 2009) was a Church of England cleric who served successively as area Bishop of Lewes and Bishop of Peterborough. Context_9 : Ian Patrick Terry (born March 19, 1991) was the winner of the American reality television show "Big Brother 14" in 2012 and a contestant of "Reality GameMasters" in 2013. Context_10 : Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 27 February 1941), known as Paddy Ashdown, is a British politician and former diplomat who served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1988 until August 1999. fact_1 : Ian Patrick was Lord Ashdown's Private Secretary from 1998-2002, prior to going to Bosnia and features in Lord Ashdown's autobiography, "A Fortunate Life" which he encouraged Ashdown to write. fact_2 : Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 27 February 1941), known as Paddy Ashdown, is a British politician and former diplomat who served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1988 until August 1999. Question: what is the title of the autobiography Ian Patrick encouraged the Leader of the Libral Democrats to write?
SOLUTION: A Fortunate Life
PROBLEM: Context_1 : I Bet You is a show about the lives of best friends and professional poker players Phil "The Unabomber" Laak and Antonio "The Magician" Esfandiari as they wandered the streets of America betting and daring each other on anything and everything that inspired them, using their own money. Context_2 : Gregory "Greg" Merson (born December 8, 1987) is an American professional poker player. Merson is best known as the winner of the Main Event at the 2012 World Series of Poker (WSOP). During the same year, he also won a WSOP bracelet in the $10,000 Six Handed No-Limit Hold'em World Championship. Largely as a result of these two championships, he was the 2012 WSOP Player of the Year. He is an online shorthanded cash game poker professional. Context_3 : The World Poker Tour bracelet is the World Poker Tour's (WPT) answer to the World Series of Poker (WSOP) bracelet. Beginning in 1976, the WSOP started awarding bracelets to winners of WSOP events. The WSOP bracelet has become synonymous with greatness. "It's impossible to overstate the value of a World Series of Poker gold bracelet to anyone who takes the game seriously," stated World Series of Poker Commissioner Jeffrey Pollack during the 2006 bracelet unveiling. "It is the equivalent of winning the Stanley Cup in hockey or the Lombardi Trophy in football." Since their introduction, a poker player's success has been measured by the number of bracelets they had won. With introduction of the WPT bracelet, the WPT hopes to capitalize on the prestige of winning poker bracelets. WPT Founder, President and CEO, Steve Lipscomb said, "The championship bracelet has become synonymous with poker as a symbol of achievement and respect, and we are honored to continue the tradition that Benny Binion [the founder of the WSOP] began over 30 years ago." Context_4 : Blair Hinkle (born 1986) is an American poker player who won the 2008 World Series of Poker (WSOP) $2,000 No-Limit Hold'em event. He earned $507,613 at the event. Less than two weeks earlier his brother, Grant Hinkle, also won a WSOP bracelet in the $1,500 No-Limit Hold'em event making them the first brothers to each win a bracelet in the same year. Context_5 : The World Series of Poker Asia Pacific (WSOP APAC) is the third expansion of the World Series of Poker-branded poker tournaments outside the United States. Since 1970 participants have had to travel to Las Vegas, Nevada to compete in the World Series of Poker (WSOP). Although the WSOP started holding circuit events in 2005 in other states, the main tournaments, which awarded bracelets to the winners, were exclusively held in Las Vegas. In 2007 the inaugural World Series of Poker Europe marked the first time that a WSOP bracelet was awarded outside Las Vegas. The WSOP further expanded to Africa in 2010 and 2012 however these events did not award any bracelets. Context_6 : Anthony "Tony" Cousineau is an American professional poker player from Daytona Beach, Florida who has cashed 72 times at the World Series of Poker (WSOP), which ranks him 9th in all-time WSOP cashes, and first among players who have never won a WSOP bracelet. Context_7 : Philip "Phil" Courtney Laak is an Irish professional poker player and a poker commentator, now residing in Los Angeles, California. Laak holds a World Poker Tour (WPT) title, a World Series of Poker (WSOP) bracelet, and has appeared on numerous nationally aired television shows. Context_8 : John Brock Parker (born August 15, 1981) is a professional poker player from Silver Spring, Maryland. At the 2009 World Series of Poker, he won two WSOP bracelets. First, he defeated Daniel Negreanu heads-up to win a $2,500 limit Texas hold 'em short-handed event. Just four days later, he won his second bracelet in a $2,500 no limit hold 'em short-handed event. In 2014, he won the $10,000 Omaha Hi-Low Championship to win his third career WSOP bracelet. He has 37 career cashes at the WSOP, including 10 final tables. Context_9 : The World Series of Poker (WSOP) bracelet is considered the most coveted non-monetary prize a poker player can win. Since 1976, a bracelet has been awarded to the winner of every event at the annual WSOP. Even if the victory occurred before 1976, WSOP championships are now counted as "bracelets". During the first years of the WSOP only a handful of bracelets were awarded each year. In 1990, there were only 14 bracelet events. By 2000, that number increased to 24. As the popularity of poker has increased during the 2000s, the number of events has likewise increased. In 2011, 58 bracelets were awarded at the WSOP, seven at the World Series of Poker Europe (WSOPE), and one to the WSOP National Circuit Champion. This brought the total number of bracelets awarded up to 959. Five additional bracelets were awarded for the first time in April 2013 at the inaugural World Series of Poker Asia-Pacific (WSOP APAC) in Melbourne, Australia.. In 2017, 74 for bracelets were awarded at the WSOP and an additional 11 will be awarded at the WSOPE in Czech Republic. Context_10 : The World Series of Poker (WSOP), held annually in Las Vegas, is "the oldest, largest, most prestigious, and most media-hyped gaming competition in the world". The WSOP bracelet is considered the most coveted non-monetary prize a poker player can win. Since 1976, a bracelet has been awarded to the winner of every event at the annual WSOP, but titles won before 1976 are still counted as "bracelets". fact_1 : I Bet You is a show about the lives of best friends and professional poker players Phil "The Unabomber" Laak and Antonio "The Magician" Esfandiari as they wandered the streets of America betting and daring each other on anything and everything that inspired them, using their own money. fact_2 : Laak holds a World Poker Tour (WPT) title, a World Series of Poker (WSOP) bracelet, and has appeared on numerous nationally aired television shows. Question: What is the nickname of the poker player that has a WSOP bracelet?
SOLUTION: | The Magician
| 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Context_1 : Joanna Lauren Christie (born 10 April 1982) is an English actress and singer. She is noted for her work in the play "Equus" (2007) alongside Daniel Radcliffe, but is best known for her role as Girl in the Broadway musical "Once". Christie played Connie Murphy, one of the lead female characters, in the hit Netflix television series "Narcos". Context_2 : April Ryan is a fictional character from the adventure game "The Longest Journey" (1999) and its sequel "" (2006). In the former, she is the protagonist, and in the latter, one of the three primary characters. April has been praised as one of the most memorable female characters in the history of adventure games. In both games she is voiced by American actress Sarah Hamilton. Context_3 : She is best known for her recurrent role on the Fox Broadcasting Company's sitcom "Married... with Children," as hapless television reporter "Miranda Veracruz de la Jolla Cardinal." She played more than forty different female characters, including the show's main love interest, on the Brandon Tartikoff/PBS comedy series, "The Steven Banks Show," and has guest-starred on many other American television series, including "Night Court", "L.A. Law", "Cafe Americain", "Friends", and "3rd Rock from the Sun". In 2002, she debuted as a feature film actress in New Line Cinema's "S1m0ne," written and directed by Andrew Niccol and starring Al Pacino. Shortly thereafter, she was cast as Anthony LaPaglia's suicidal mother (in flashback) on CBS's "Without a Trace," appearing in three episodes of the series. She was female lead Roxanne Bojarski's mother in multiple episodes of the NBC dramatic series "American Dreams", and in 2006, narrowly escaped death in a hail of gunfire on CBS's drama series, "Numb3rs". Context_4 : Katherine "Kay" Howard is a fictional character in the American TV series "". She was played by actress Melissa Leo. In the first two seasons of the show her character was the only female detective or member of the main cast. However, NBC president Warren Littlefield felt that the lack of other female characters was alienating the audience, so Megan Russert was added to the show. It was stated in a special edition of "", the non-fiction book that the film was based on, that the character of Kay Howard was based on Baltimore Police detective Rich Garvey. Howard is also influenced by Detective Bertina Silver, referred to as 'Bert' by her colleagues, thought by many in the unit to be the exception to the 'Secretaries-with-guns' female officer stereotype. Context_5 : Mafalda Martins da Silva Luís de Castro (Mafalda Luís de Castro or just Mafalda de Castro for short) (born: August 12, 1989 in Lisbon) is a Portuguese actress who acts out on Portuguese television programs that air on TVI and a few on SIC. She is also a voice actress, who voiced and dubbed characters in European Portuguese, mostly young and/or royal female characters. Context_6 : Forget Me Not Farm (also styled as "Forget-Me-Not Farm") is a BBC children's television series that was originally aired on BBC One from 13 November 1990 to 18 February 1991. Set on the eponymous Forget Me Not Farm, the show featured a scarecrow who was played by the show's creator Mike Amatt, a pair of crows named Dandelion and Burdock, a tractor named Trundle, a pig named Portly, a cow named Gracie, a sheep named Merthyr, a tanker named Topper, and a mouse named Mrs. Mouse. All of the male animated characters were voiced by the British character actor Bob Peck while the female ones were voiced by Anna Carteret. Context_7 : Winry Rockbell (Japanese: ウィンリィ・ロックベル , Hepburn: Winryi Rokkuberu ) is a fictional character from Hiromu Arakawa's "Fullmetal Alchemist" manga series and its adaptations. Winry is a 15- to 16-year-old mechanic who often spends time with the central characters, brothers Edward (Ed) and Alphonse Elric (Al), who are childhood friends of hers. Specializing in mechanical repair, specifically prostheses called automail, Winry services Ed's replacement arm and leg. Originally meant to be introduced in the series' first chapters due to its lack of female characters, some of Winry's traits are based on Arakawa's own life. In the first anime adaptation, "Fullmetal Alchemist", Winry is voiced by Megumi Toyoguchi in Japanese and by Caitlin Glass in the English version. In the second anime adaptation, "", she is voiced by Megumi Takamoto in Japanese, with Glass reprising the role in English. Context_8 : The Watchmen: Motion Comic is a 2008 American animated short film series of motion comics for web and television based on the DC comic book series "Watchmen", written by Alan Moore and illustrated by Dave Gibbons. The series consists of twelve abridged 25–30 minute segments, each based on and sharing a name with one of the twelve chapters of the book. Both male and female characters are voiced by actor Tom Stechschulte. It was released on DVD in March 2009 to coincide with the "Watchmen" movie’s release. Context_9 : Anna Carteret (born 11 December 1942) is a British stage and screen actress. Context_10 : "The Naked Man" is the ninth episode in the fourth season of the television series "How I Met Your Mother" and 73rd overall. It aired on November 24, 2008. The episode is titled for a "move" that male characters attempt throughout the episode as a means of seducing female characters, which is merely surprising them by being naked. fact_1 : Forget Me Not Farm (also styled as "Forget-Me-Not Farm") is a BBC children's television series that was originally aired on BBC One from 13 November 1990 to 18 February 1991. fact_2 : All of the male animated characters were voiced by the British character actor Bob Peck while the female ones were voiced by Anna Carteret. fact_3 : Anna Carteret (born 11 December 1942) is a British stage and screen actress. Question: What was the nationality of the actress who voiced the female characters on the children's television series Forget Me Not Farm?
British
Context_1 : Joseph M. Getty (born April 14, 1952) is a judge on the Maryland Court of Appeals. He was appointed to that court on June 27, 2016, by Governor Larry Hogan. He is a former State Senator and Delegate, where he represented Maryland's 5th district. In February 2015, Senator Getty was appointed by Governor Larry Hogan to his cabinet, as Legislative and Policy Director during his second term as Senator. When Senator Getty vacated his seat, he was replaced by Former Delegate, now Senator Justin Ready. Senator Getty also served in former Governor Bob Ehrlich's cabinet in a similar capacity. Context_2 : Lorraine A. Cortés-Vázquez was the 65th Secretary of State of New York, serving in the Cabinet of Governor David Paterson. She originally served in the Cabinet of former Governor Eliot Spitzer and remained in office following Paterson's taking over the governorship on March 17, 2008. A former Vice President for Government and Public Affairs with Cablevision, she was Chief of staff to former New York Assemblyman Roberto Ramirez. From 2001-07, she served on the New York State Board of Regents. Context_3 : The Government Digital Service is a unit of the Her Majesty's Government's Cabinet Office tasked with transforming the provision of government digital services. It was formed in April 2011 to implement the 'Digital by Default' strategy proposed by a report produced for the Cabinet Office in 2010 called 'Directgov 2010 and beyond: revolution not evolution'. It is overseen by the Public Expenditure Executive (Efficiency & Reform) which is co-chaired by Minister for the Cabinet Office, Ben Gummer and the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, David Gauke. GDS is primarily based in the Whitechapel Building, London. Its Director General is Kevin Cunnington. Context_4 : Manninagh KateDhu, commonly known as Peta, was the Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office of the United Kingdom government between 1964 and sometime between 1969 and 1976, and was the first female cat in that role. She became the replacement to Peter III, who had died at the age of 16 in 1964. After Peter III's death, the Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man, Sir Ronald Garvey, suggested that a Manx cat be his replacement, and sent Peta to the Cabinet. She was noted to be lazy and loud, and by 1969, some civil servants tried to remove her from Cabinet, but this did not happen, because of the suspected bad publicity that this action would incur. She was not heard of again, until a reply to a member of the public in 1976 revealed that she had retired to the home of a civil servant. Her successor was Wilberforce, who became the next Chief Mouser in the 1970s. Context_5 : Ukonline was a "portal" website of the UK Government linking to public sector information, and was originally called me.gov. The site was launched in 2001 and maintained by the Office of the e-Envoy (later the e-Government Unit, part of the Cabinet Office). It replaced the earlier single online government website, the Government Information Service (GIS) hosted at open.gov.uk, which had been established in November 1994. The need for an updated single government website had been identified in a 1999 Portal Feasibility Study prepared by PA Consulting for the Central IT Unit (CITU) in the Cabinet Office. Context_6 : George Ervin "Sonny" Perdue III (born December 20, 1946) is an American politician who is the 31st United States Secretary of Agriculture, in office since 2017. Perdue previously served as the 81st Governor of Georgia from 2003 to 2011. Upon his inauguration as Governor on January 13, 2003, he became the first Republican Governor of Georgia since Reconstruction. Context_7 : Michael L. Young is an American government official. He served as the acting United States Secretary of Agriculture from January 20, 2017, when Donald Trump took office as President of the United States, to April 25, 2017, when the United States Senate confirmed Sonny Perdue as the new secretary. Young has been director of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Office of Budget and Policy Analysis since October 2010, and has served for 25 years in that office, and has previously served in other positions within the department. He has a bachelor of science degree in botany from Colorado State University and a master of business administration degree from George Washington University. Context_8 : The 2006 Georgia Gubernatorial Election was held on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Republican Governor of Georgia Sonny Perdue ran for re-election to a second and final term as governor. Governor Perdue was renominated by the Republican Party, defeating a minor opponent in the process, while Lieutenant Governor of Georgia Mark Taylor narrowly emerged victorious from a competitive Democratic primary. In the general election, though Taylor ran a spirited campaign, Perdue was aided by the increasing tendency of the state to vote for Republicans and by the fact that he was popular with the public; polling showed his approval ratings above sixty percent. In the end, Perdue was overwhelmingly re-elected as governor, crushing Taylor in a landslide. Context_9 : Kay Ellen Ivey (born October 15, 1944) is an American politician who is the 54th and current Governor of Alabama since April 2017. Ivey, a member of the Republican Party, served as the 38th Alabama State Treasurer from 2003 to 2011, and later became the 30th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama; she was the first Republican woman elected in this state, serving from January 2011 until April 2017. She assumed office as governor on April 10, 2017 following the resignation of two-term governor Robert Bentley, who left office after pleading guilty to criminal charges involving campaign finance violations. Bentley was also facing impeachment following a sex scandal at the time of his resignation. Ivey is Alabama's second female governor, after Lurleen Wallace, who served from 1967 until 1968, and first female Republican governor. Context_10 : Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane (born 23 March is an Indian politician and a cabinet Minister in the Government of Goa headed by Manohar Parrikar. He is the son of Pratapsingh Raoji Rane who is a former Chief Minister of Goa and an incumbent Indian National Congress party MLA in the Goa Legislative Assembly. Vishwajit Rane was the Minister of Health, Agriculture & Craftsmen Training in the Government of Goa led by Digambar Kamat from June 2007 to March 2012. Rane resigned as the MLA of the Valpoi Constituency and also from the Indian National Congress on 16 March 2017. He later joined the Bharatiya Janata Party on 7 April 2017 and was sworn in as a Cabinet Minister on 12 April 2017 in the cabinet led by Manohar Parrikar. He was allotted the Health portfolio on 18 April 2017. fact_1 : He served as the acting United States Secretary of Agriculture from January 20, 2017, when Donald Trump took office as President of the United States, to April 25, 2017, when the United States Senate confirmed Sonny Perdue as the new secretary. fact_2 : George Ervin "Sonny" Perdue III (born December 20, 1946) is an American politician who is the 31st United States Secretary of Agriculture, in office since 2017. Question: Which former Governor of Georgia Sonny Purdue replaced Mike Young in which cabinet office in April 2017?
United States Secretary of Agriculture
Context_1 : The Cruces River (Spanish: "Río Cruces" ) is a river near Valdivia, Chile. Río Cruces originates from hills near the Villarica volcano and flows then in south-west direction. The southern and final part of the river follows the Valdivian Coastal Range. At the latitude of Valdivia it is crossed by Río Cruces Bridge near its outflow into Valdivia River. The small village of Punucapa is the main centre for tourism in Río Cruces. The river flow through (or near) the cities of Loncoche, Lanco, and Mariquina. Some of the wetlands in the river's lower flow are inside Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary, a protected area that in the river that extends roughly from Punucapa in the south to San Luis de Alba Fort in the north. Context_2 : A mouth bar is a bar in a river that is typically created in the middle of a channel in a river delta. It is created by a positive feedback between mid-channel deposition and flow divergence. As the flow diverges near the ocean, sediment settles out in the channel and creates an incipient mouth bar. As flow is routed around the incipient bar, additional sediment is deposited on the incipient bar. This continued process results in the formation of a full-fledged mouth bar, which causes the channel to bifurcate. This continued process leads to the characteristic fractal tree pattern found in some prograding river-dominated deltas. Context_3 : An antidune is a bedform found in fluvial and other channeled environments. Antidunes occur in supercritical flow, meaning that the Froude number is greater than 1.0 or the flow velocity exceeds the wave velocity; this is also known as upper flow regime. In antidunes, sediment is deposited on the upstream (stoss) side and eroded from the downstream (lee) side, opposite lower flow regime bedforms. As a result, antidunes migrate in an upstream direction, counter to the current flow. Antidunes are called in-phase bedforms, meaning that the water surface elevation mimics the bed elevation; this is due to the supercritical flow regime. Antidune bedforms evolve rapidly, growing in amplitude as they migrate upstream. The resultant wave at the water's surface also increases in amplitude. When that wave becomes unstable, breaks and washes downstream, much of the antidune bedform may be destroyed. Context_4 : Austrolebias bellottii is a species of fish that lives in the basins of the Paraná River and Uruguay River, in Argentina and Uruguay. Context_5 : The Uruguay River (Spanish: Río Uruguay , ] ; Portuguese: Rio Uruguai , ] ) is a river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes, and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano, and Colonia in Uruguay. Context_6 : A meander cutoff occurs when a meander bend in a river is breached by a channel that connects the two closest parts of the bend. This causes the flow to abandon the meander and to continue downstream. Cutoffs are a natural part of the evolution of a meandering river. Rivers form meandering bends or meanders as they flow laterally downstream. Meandering rivers flow the fastest on the outside bend of a river where the river erodes the surrounding landscape. On the inside bend of a river, water flows slower and sediment builds up creating point bars. Rivers are commonly described and interpreted by their sinuosity. Sinuosity is the ability of a river to curve or meander throughout its entire length. It is calculated from the ratio of the distance between points along a river by the straight distance between those points. Meandering rivers have a sinuosity value of greater than 1.5. A sinuosity value of less than 1.1 is a “straight” river. Between the values of 1.1 and 1.5, a river is described as sinuous which describes rivers that are in a transitory state between a “straight” river and a meandering river. Braided rivers do not follow this same convention. Meandering rivers trend in the direction of increasing sinuosity. Context_7 : A foreset bed is one of the main parts of a river delta. It is the inclined part of a delta that is found at the end of the stream channel as the delta sediment is deposited along the arcuate delta front. As the sediments are deposited on a sloping surface the resulting bedding is not horizontal, but dips in the direction of current flow toward deeper water. A cross-section of a delta shows the cross bedding in the direction of stream flow into the still water. Context_8 : The Livenza (Latin: "Liquentia" , Friulian: "Livence" , Venetian: "Łivensa" ) is a river in the Italian provinces of Pordenone, Treviso and Venice. Its source is near Polcenigo and Caneva in Pordenone. It flows in a southeasterly direction past Sacile and forms the border between the provinces of Pordenone and Treviso roughly between Brugnera and Motta di Livenza. It continues to flow in a southeasterly direction, forming the border between the provinces of Treviso and Venice before flowing into the province of Venice near Santo Stino di Livenza. It flow near La Salute di Livenza and finally enters the Adriatic Sea near Caorle. Context_9 : The Big Lost River is a major river in the U.S. state of Idaho, about 135 mi long. It starts in the Rocky Mountains and flows in a generally southeast direction into the Snake River Plain. True to its name, the Big Lost River's surface flow does not reach any larger river, but vanishes into the Snake River Aquifer at the Big Lost River Sinks, giving the river its name. The river is one of the Lost streams of Idaho, several streams that flow into the plain and disappear into the ground. Context_10 : The Laurentian Divide or Northern Divide is a continental divide in North America dividing the direction of water flow in eastern and southern Canada from that of the northern Midwestern United States. The Laurentian Divide separates the river systems that flow northwards to the Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay from those that flow southwards to the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. The Laurentian Divide runs from its junction with the primary Continental Divide at Triple Divide Peak in Glacier National Park in Montana, and terminates at Cape Chidley on the Labrador Sea. fact_1 : Austrolebias bellottii is a species of fish that lives in the basins of the Paraná River and Uruguay River, in Argentina and Uruguay. fact_2 : It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. Question: What direction does the river that Austrolebias bellotti are found in flow?
| north to south
| 0 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example solution: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Problem: Context_1 : Maly Theatre ("Малый театр" , literally "Small Theatre" as opposed to nearby Bolshoi, or "Grand", opera theatre) is a theatre in Moscow, Russia, principally associated with the production of plays. Established in 1806 and operating on its present site on the Theatre Square since 1824, the theatre traces its history to the Moscow University drama company, established in 1756. In the 19th century, Maly was "universally recognized in Russia as the leading dramatic theatre of the century", and was the home stage for Mikhail Shchepkin and Maria Yermolova. 40 of Alexander Ostrovsky's 54 plays premiered at Maly, and the theatre was known as "The House of Ostrovsky". The Maly Theatre in Moscow and Alexandrinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg "to a great extent determined the development of Russian theatre during the 19th and 20th century". Context_2 : Luden's is a brand of throat lozenge, currently manufactured and sold in the USA by Prestige Brands. Their headquarters are in Tarrytown, NY. Its product family includes: Wild Cherry, Orange, Wild Berry, Honey Lemon, Honey Licorice, Kiwi-Strawberry, Wild Honey, Sugar-Free Wild Cherry, Blue Raspberry, Watermelon and Original Menthol. Context_3 : "Wild Honey" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys. It was released on their 1967 album "Wild Honey". It was also released as a single, with the B-side of the single being "Wind Chimes". The single peaked at #31 in the U.S. and #29 in the U.K. Context_4 : 1967 – Sunshine Tomorrow is a compilation album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released by Capitol Records on June 30, 2017. It focuses on previously unreleased recordings from late 1967, particularly sessions dedicated to the group's 13th studio album "Wild Honey" (1967). Included is the album's first ever complete stereo mix, various live renditions, session highlights, and additional material sourced from "Smiley Smile" (1967) and the unreleased live effort "Lei'd in Hawaii", both of which immediately preceded the "Wild Honey" sessions. Context_5 : Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation by British playwright Michael Frayn of an earlier play by Anton Chekhov. The original work, a sprawling five-hour drama from Chekhov's earliest years as a writer, has no title, but is usually known in English as "Platonov", after its principal character "Mikhail Platonov", a disillusioned provincial schoolmaster. Context_6 : Alexander Andreyevich Rasskazov (Russian: Александр Андреевич Рассказов , 1832, Moscow, Imperial Russia, — 28 July 1902, Moscow) was a Russian stage actor, one of the stars of the Moscow's Maly Theatre of his time, best remembered for his comic and vaudevillian parts, and considered a heir to Sergey Vasilyev's artistic legacy as well as the classic set of parts associated with the latter. He left Maly due to poor health but soon made himself a name as theatre entrepreneur in the Russian province, mostly in Samara, Tula, Kaluga and Simbirsk. Context_7 : The 2017 Wild Honey World Tour is the official name, a misnomer, for a concert tour of Europe and the United States by early American band The Beach Boys, which commemorates the 50th anniversary of their album "Wild Honey". Among the many notable venues hosting the Tour are Royal Albert Hall, Montreux Jazz Festival, and Lincoln Center. Context_8 : Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Yablochkina (Александра Александровна Яблочкина; November 3, 1866 - March 20, 1964) was a leading actress of the Maly Theatre in Moscow for more than 75 years. She studied acting under her father before joining the Korsh Theatre troupe in 1886. Two years later, she moved to the Maly, where she worked with Maria Yermolova and Alexander Yuzhin. Yablochkina specialized in comedy roles and was renowned for the purity of her enunciation. In 1915, she was selected to lead the Russian theatrical society. In 1937, she became one of the first individuals to be awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR. In 1943, she was awarded the USSR State Prize. She wrote two volumes of memoirs, "My Life in Theatre" (1953) and "75 Years in Theatre" (1960). Context_9 : Jamie the Saxt is a four act play in Scots by the Scottish dramatist, Robert McLellan, first produced by Curtain Theatre in Glasgow in 1937 with the actor Duncan Macrae in the title role. The historical subject of the comedy is the conflict between the king of Scots, James VI, and Francis Stewart, the rebellious 5th Earl of Bothwell, in the early 1590s. Context_10 : Platonov (Russian: Платонов , also known as "Fatherlessness" and "A Play Without a Title") is the name in English given to an early, untitled play in four acts written by Anton Chekhov in 1878. It was the first large-scale drama by Chekhov, written specifically for Maria Yermolova, rising star of Maly Theatre. Yermolova rejected the play and it was not published until 1923. fact_1 : Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation by British playwright Michael Frayn of an earlier play by Anton Chekhov. fact_2 : The original work, a sprawling five-hour drama from Chekhov's earliest years as a writer, has no title, but is usually known in English as "Platonov", after its principal character "Mikhail Platonov", a disillusioned provincial schoolmaster. fact_3 : Platonov (Russian: Платонов , also known as "Fatherlessness" and "A Play Without a Title") is the name in English given to an early, untitled play in four acts written by Anton Chekhov in 1878. fact_4 : It was the first large-scale drama by Chekhov, written specifically for Maria Yermolova, rising star of Maly Theatre. Question: Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation of a untitled four act play written specifically for what rising star of Maly Theatre?
| Solution: Maria Yermolova | 5 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example input: Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Example output: 1874May
Example explanation: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Q: Context_1 : "The Master Thief" is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Chr. Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe. The Brothers Grimm included a shorter variant as tale 193 in their fairy tales. Andrew Lang included it in "The Red Fairy Book". It is Aarne–Thompson type 1525A, "Stealing the Count's Horse, Sheet, and Parson". Context_2 : The Troll by Julia Donaldson and David Roberts is a children's story about a troll and some pirates. The troll in this story is based on the troll from the "Three Billy Goats Gruff" fairy tale. However, in this story, no goats ever cross the troll's bridge and he is forced to survive on fish that he catches from the river. He does encounter, in turn, a spider, a mouse and a rabbit, each of which convinces the troll not to eat them by telling him that he should try a bridge further down the river that is more suitable for capturing goats as he is "sick of fish". Meanwhile, the pirate captain Hank Chief and his crew (Peg Polkadot, Ben Buckle and Percy Patch) are searching for the treasure that is marked on their map, but are unable to locate the correct island. The pirates also display very poor culinary skills. Eventually, the troll reaches the sea and realises that he has been tricked by the other animals; he sees what he thinks are goat tracks in the sand and sets about laying a trap for the goat in a spot not too far from the location on the pirate's treasure map. He duly discovers an old chest when digging a large hole to ensnare his prey and throws away the "round shiny objects" he finds therein. He decides to lie in wait in the chest for the goat and falls asleep. Predictably, the pirates then arrive and make off with their "treasure"; upon opening the chest the pirates decide to make the troll walk the plank, until Peg discovers the troll's frying pan and cookbook. On discovering the troll's culinary talents, they agree to spare the troll and make him their cook. The troll is delighted and proceeds to tell the pirates that he will make them his favourite goat stew only to be advised, to his horror, that all the pirates desire is .. fish. Context_3 : Soria Moria Castle ("Soria Moria slott") is a Norwegian fairy tale made famous by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their classical "Norske Folkeeventyr". Later Andrew Lang included the story in his series of fairy tale collections in "The Red Fairy Book". Context_4 : Boots and the Troll is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in "Norwegian Folktales". Context_5 : Why the Sea Is Salt (Norwegian: "Kvernen som maler på havsens bunn" ; the mill that grind at the bottom of the sea) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their "Norske Folkeeventyr". Andrew Lang included it in "The Blue Fairy Book" (1889). Context_6 : "The Companion" (Norwegian: "Følgesvennen" ) is a Norwegian fairy tale, published in "Norwegian Folktales" (1841-1844) by Asbjørnsen and Moe. Context_7 : Peer Gynt ( ; ] ) is a five-act play in verse by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen published in 1867. It was illustrated by Arthur Rackham as a children's book in 1936. Written in Danish—the common written language of Denmark and Norway in Ibsen's lifetime—it is one of the most widely performed Norwegian plays. Ibsen believed "Per Gynt", the Norwegian fairy tale on which the play is loosely based, to be rooted in fact, and several of the characters are modelled after Ibsen's own family, notably his parents Knud Ibsen and Marichen Altenburg. He was also generally inspired by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen's collection of Norwegian fairy tales, published in 1845 ("Huldre-Eventyr og Folkesagn"). Context_8 : The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll (Norwegian: "Askeladden som kappåt med trollet" ) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. The troll is, as commonly depicted, not very intelligent and has poor vision, while the boy is clever, outwitting the troll to win an eating contest. Context_9 : "Three Billy Goats Gruff" (Norwegian: De tre bukkene Bruse ) is a Norwegian fairy tale. The fairy tale was collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their "Norske Folkeeventyr", first published between 1841 and 1844. It has an "eat-me-when-I'm-fatter" plot (Aarne-Thompson type 122E). Context_10 : Bushy Bride (in Norwegian : "Buskebrura") is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. It is Aarne-Thompson type 403 (The Black and the White Bride). It is included in Andrew Lang's Red Fairy Book. fact_1 : The Troll by Julia Donaldson and David Roberts is a children's story about a troll and some pirates. fact_2 : The troll in this story is based on the troll from the "Three Billy Goats Gruff" fairy tale. fact_3 : "Three Billy Goats Gruff" (Norwegian: De tre bukkene Bruse ) is a Norwegian fairy tale. Question: The troll featured in the children's story by Julia Donaldson and David Roberts is based on the troll from what Norwegian fairy tale?
A: | Three Billy Goats Gruff | 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor best remembered for "The Thief of Bagdad" (1940). At the time of his death, Whelan he was survived by widow, former silent film actress Miriam Seegar, and had two sons, Michael and Tim Jr. The widow Seegar went on to live another 53 years, dying January 2, 2011 at age 103. Context_2 : Marie Epstein (born Marie-Antonine Epstein; 14 August 1899, Warsaw - 24 April 1995, Paris) was an actress, scenarist, film director, and film preservationist. Her career is distinguished by three important collaborations. Throughout the 1920s, she acted in and wrote scenarios for films directed by her brother, Jean Epstein. From the 1920s through the early 1950s, she collaborated with the director Jean Benoît-Lévy on sixteen films, serving variously as a writer, assistant director, and co-director. From the early 1950s to her retirement in 1977, Epstein served as a film preservationist at the Cinémathèque française. Context_3 : The Beauty from Nivernais (French: "La belle Nivernaise" ) is a 1924 French silent drama film directed by Jean Epstein. Context_4 : Gloria Jean Epstein is a supernumerary judge of the Court of Appeal for Ontario. She had also previously been appointed to the Court of Ontario. On January 1, 2015, Epstein retired to become a supernumerary judge, and was replaced as a full time judge by Bradley Miller. Context_5 : The Fall of the House of Usher (French: La Chute de la maison Usher ) is a 1928 French horror film directed by Jean Epstein, one of multiple films based on the Gothic short story "The Fall of the House of Usher" by Edgar Allan Poe. Future director Luis Buñuel co-wrote the screenplay with Epstein, his second film credit, having previously worked as assistant director on Epstein's film "Mauprat" from 1926. Context_6 : René Ferté (1903–1958) was a Swiss actor who worked principally in the French cinema, from 1923 onwards. He is mostly known for performances in a series of silent films directed by Jean Epstein. His roles in sound films were generally less notable, though he appeared in Fritz Lang's "Le Testament du docteur Mabuse" (French version), and he took the title role in the 1934 sound remake of "Judex". After the outbreak of the Second World War he ceased working in films. Context_7 : La Châtelaine du Liban is a 1934 French thriller film directed by Jean Epstein, starring Spinelly and Jean Murat. The narrative is set in Lebanon and follows a web of espionage with clashes between the French and British secret services, with a beautiful young woman at the centre. The film is based on the 1924 novel "The Lady of Lebanon" by Pierre Benoit. Filming took place between July and December 1933 in Lebanon, France, Egypt, Palestine and Syria. It premiered on 2 February 1934. Context_8 : Gina Manès (7 April 1893 — 6 September 1989) was a French film actress and a major star of French silent cinema. After an early appearance in a film of Louis Feuillade, she had significant roles in films of Jean Epstein, including "Cœur fidèle", and of Germaine Dulac. In Abel Gance's "Napoléon", she took the part of Joséphine de Beauharnais, and then played the title role in Jacques Feyder's "Thérèse Raquin" (now lost). She made the transition to sound films but during the 1930s her roles diminished in importance, and periods of residence in Morocco took her further from the public eye. She continued to take small roles in films, and also worked in the circus and in the theatre. In total Manès appeared in over 90 films between 1916 and 1966. Context_9 : Jean Epstein (] ; March 25, 1897 – April 2, 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. Although he is remembered today primarily for his adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher", Epstein directed three dozen films and was an influential critic of literature and film from the early 1920s through the late 1940s. He is often associated with French Impressionist Cinema and the concept of "photogénie". Context_10 : Finis Terræ is a 1929 French silent drama film written and directed by Jean Epstein. The story centres on a small group of men harvesting seaweed off the coast of Brittany, and the problems which arise when one of them gets an infected thumb. The film's title is the old Latin name of the region Finistère, where the story is set, and means "End of the Earth". The film is shot in a documentary-like style, with local non-actors in all roles, and frequent handheld camerawork. Also, Epstein often inserts slow motion footage. fact_1 : Jean Epstein (] ; March 25, 1897 – April 2, 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. fact_2 : Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor best remembered for "The Thief of Bagdad" (1940). Question: Jean Epstein and Tim Whelan, are French?
Ex Output:
no
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Ian Patrick Kennedy (born December 19, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the New York Yankees, Arizona Diamondbacks and San Diego Padres. Context_2 : Dolls is a 1987 Italian-American horror film directed by Stuart Gordon, produced by Charles Band and Brian Yuzna and was written by Ed Naha. It stars Stephen Lee, Guy Rolfe, Hilary Mason, Ian Patrick Williams and Bunty Bailey. In the film, during a harsh thunderstorm, a group of six people arrives at the mansion of an old puppetmaker and his wife. The film eventually reveals that the puppetmaker's puppets in the house are actually cursed immoral people who had been killed and imprisoned in puppet bodies for years in order to pay for their crimes. Context_3 : The Neighbors is a sci-fi sitcom about aliens in Bayonne, New Jersey. The main cast includes Jami Gertz, Lenny Venito, Simon Templeman, Toks Olagundoye, Clara Mamet, Tim Jo, Ian Patrick, Max Charles, and Isabella Cramp. Context_4 : Ian Patrick was the Private Secretary to the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina when Lord Ashdown occupied the role, working with Edward Llewellyn. Ian Patrick was Lord Ashdown's Private Secretary from 1998-2002, prior to going to Bosnia and features in Lord Ashdown's autobiography, "A Fortunate Life" which he encouraged Ashdown to write. For his work in Bosnia Ian was awarded the MBE in the 2006 New Year Honours List. Ian Patrick is currently a special advisor to Sir John Sawers GCMG. Context_5 : Ian Patrick Sandbrook was born 22 March 1983 in Palmerston North. He is a New Zealand cricketer who has played for the Central Districts Stags and he has also played for Manawatu in the Hawke Cup. Context_6 : An autobiography (from the Greek, αὐτός-"autos" self + βίος-"bios" life + γράφειν-"graphein" to write) is a self-written account of the life of a person. The word "autobiography" was first used deprecatingly by William Taylor in 1797 in the English periodical "The Monthly Review", when he suggested the word as a hybrid, but condemned it as "pedantic". However, its next recorded use was in its present sense, by Robert Southey in 1809. Despite only being named early in the nineteenth century, first-person autobiographical writing originates in antiquity. Roy Pascal differentiates autobiography from the periodic self-reflective mode of journal or diary writing by noting that "[autobiography] is a review of a life from a particular moment in time, while the diary, however reflective it may be, moves through a series of moments in time". Autobiography thus takes stock of the autobiographer's life from the moment of composition. While biographers generally rely on a wide variety of documents and viewpoints, autobiography may be based entirely on the writer's memory. The memoir form is closely associated with autobiography but it tends, as Pascal claims, to focus less on the self and more on others during the autobiographer's review of his or her life. Context_7 : Ian Patrick Harte (born 31 August 1977) is a football agent and a retired Irish footballer who played as a defender and was best known for his ability to score goals from long range, including being a free kick specialist. Context_8 : Ian Patrick Martyn Cundy (23 April 1945 – 7 May 2009) was a Church of England cleric who served successively as area Bishop of Lewes and Bishop of Peterborough. Context_9 : Ian Patrick Terry (born March 19, 1991) was the winner of the American reality television show "Big Brother 14" in 2012 and a contestant of "Reality GameMasters" in 2013. Context_10 : Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 27 February 1941), known as Paddy Ashdown, is a British politician and former diplomat who served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1988 until August 1999. fact_1 : Ian Patrick was Lord Ashdown's Private Secretary from 1998-2002, prior to going to Bosnia and features in Lord Ashdown's autobiography, "A Fortunate Life" which he encouraged Ashdown to write. fact_2 : Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 27 February 1941), known as Paddy Ashdown, is a British politician and former diplomat who served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1988 until August 1999. Question: what is the title of the autobiography Ian Patrick encouraged the Leader of the Libral Democrats to write?
Ex Output:
A Fortunate Life
Ex Input:
Context_1 : Patricia "Trish" Sie (née Kulash) is an American film and music video director, best known for directing the films "" (2014) and "Pitch Perfect 3" (2017), as well as music videos, particularly for the alternative rock band OK Go. She has worked in film, television, commercials, music videos, stage, children's entertainment and ballroom DanceSport. Context_2 : Do Re Mi is a 1996 Filipino Tagalog language musical comedy film directed by Ike Jarlego Jr. and released by Neo Films. It stars Donna Cruz, Regine Velasquez, and Mikee Cojuangco. The movie is considered to be the most successful Filipino musical comedy of all time. The film's title is a play between the solfège and a portmanteau using the first two letters of Donna Cruz, Regine Velasquez, and Mikee Cojuangco's first names. Context_3 : Manadhai Thirudivittai (Tamil: மனதை திருடிவிட்டாய் ) ; English: You have stolen my heart! ) is a 2001 Indian Tamil musical comedy film written and directed by newcomer R. D. Narayanamurthy, starring Prabhudeva, Kausalya and newcomer Gayatri Jayaraman in lead roles and also stars both the comedians Vivek and Vadivelu, being their most recent collaboration in Tamil films. The film, which has music scored by Yuvan Shankar Raja, released on 14 November 2001 and met with average results the box office. However, the film was nonetheless dubbed into Telugu and released as "Manasuna Manasai" in 2005. The film successfully ran for 100 days. The director R. D. Narayanamurthy and Prabhudeva celebrated the success in a grand manner. Vadivelu and Viveks comedy was well appreciated and a key point for success of this film. Context_4 : School of Rock is a 2003 musical comedy film directed by Richard Linklater, produced by Scott Rudin, and written by Mike White. The film stars Jack Black, Joan Cusack, Mike White, Sarah Silverman, Joey Gaydos Jr. and Miranda Cosgrove. Black plays struggling rock singer and guitarist Dewey Finn, who is kicked out of his band and subsequently disguises as a substitute teacher at a prestigious prep school. After witnessing the musical talent in his students in their music class, Dewey forms a band of fourth-graders to attempt to win the upcoming Battle of the Bands and pay off his rent. Context_5 : Michael Gracey is an Australian film and commercial director and visual effects artist. He is the director of the upcoming musical biopic "The Greatest Showman" starring Hugh Jackman. Context_6 : My Friend Pinto is a 2011 Indian musical comedy film written and directed by debutante director Raaghav Dar. It stars Prateik Babbar as a well intentioned simpleton Michael Pinto, and follows the chain of events that unfold over the course of a New Year's Eve in Mumbai. Produced by Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Ronnie Screwvala, and distributed by UTV Motion Pictures, it has elements of picaresque, slapstick comedy and multiple musical sequences. The film had Kalki Koechlin, Arjun Mathur, Shruti Seth, Makrand Deshpande, Raj Zutshi and Divya Dutta play supporting roles. Context_7 : Leathernecking (1930) is an American pre-Code musical comedy film directed by Edward F. Cline, from a screenplay by Alfred Jackson and Jane Murfin, adapted from the Broadway musical comedy "Present Arms", by Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart and Herbert Fields. Context_8 : Giuditta is an operatic "musikalische Komödie " (German for "musical comedy") in five scenes, with music by Franz Lehár and a German libretto, by and Fritz Löhner-Beda. Scored for a large orchestra, it was Lehár's last and most ambitious work, written on a larger scale than his previous operettas. Of all his works it is the one which most approaches true opera, the resemblances between the story and that of Bizet's "Carmen" and its unhappy ending heightening the resonances. Perhaps the best known song in the work is the soprano aria "Meine Lippen, sie küssen so heiß ", sung by Giuditta in the fourth scene. Another strong influence, especially for the North African setting, was the 1930 movie "Morocco", starring Marlene Dietrich and Gary Cooper in very similar central roles, she being a singer-dancer, he being a soldier. Context_9 : Manhattan Parade is a 1931 American Pre-Code musical comedy film photographed entirely in Technicolor. It was originally intended to be released, in the United States, early in 1931, but was shelved due to public apathy towards musicals. Despite waiting a number of months, the public proved obstinate and the Warner Bros. reluctantly released the film in December 1931 after removing all the music. Since there was no such reactions to musicals outside the United States, the film was released there as a full musical comedy in 1931. Context_10 : Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon. A sequel to "Pitch Perfect 2" (2015) and the third and final installment in the "Pitch Perfect" trilogy, the film will star Anna Kendrick, Anna Camp, Rebel Wilson, Brittany Snow, Hailee Steinfeld, Alexis Knapp, Ester Dean, Hana Mae Lee, Chrissie Fit, Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner, with Elizabeth Banks and John Michael Higgins. The film is scheduled to be released on December 22, 2017. fact_1 : Patricia "Trish" Sie (née Kulash) is an American film and music video director, best known for directing the films "" (2014) and "Pitch Perfect 3" (2017), as well as music videos, particularly for the alternative rock band OK Go. fact_2 : Pitch Perfect 3 is an upcoming American musical comedy film directed by Trish Sie and written by Kay Cannon. Question: Trish Sie was a director for the upcoming musical comedy film written by whom?
Ex Output:
| Kay Cannon
| 1 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Example Input: Context_1 : Radium Springs is an unincorporated community located on the southeast outskirts of Albany in Dougherty County, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Albany, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area. Context_2 : The Dougherty County Public Library is a public library system serving Dougherty County, Georgia. The Central Library is located in Albany, Georgia. Context_3 : The Dougherty County School System is the school district in Dougherty County, Georgia, United States (county seat Albany, Georgia). A total of 16,844 students attend 15 elementary schools, five middle schools, four high schools, and one alternative school. Context_4 : Dougherty County is a county located in the southwestern portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 94,565. The county seat and sole incorporated city is Albany. Context_5 : The Pine Bloom Plantation, also known as Pinebloom Plantation, is a historic site in Newton, Georgia. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 9, 1990. It is located on Tarva Road and County Route 122, 3/4 of a mile south of the Baker County, Georgia/ Dougherty County, Georgia line in Baker County. The site includes Greek Revival architecture, is associated with Gov. Alfred Holt Colquitt, and dates to at least 1850. Context_6 : Kenneth (Ken) B. Hodges III is the former District Attorney for Dougherty County, Georgia in the United States and was the Democratic nominee for Attorney General of Georgia in 2010, ultimately losing his bid. Context_7 : Putney is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Dougherty County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,898 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Albany, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area. Context_8 : Albany is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia, and is the seat of Dougherty County. Located in southwest Georgia, it is the principal city of the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area. The population was 77,434 at the 2010 U.S. Census, making it the eighth-largest city in the state. Context_9 : Dougherty Comprehensive High School is a four-year secondary school located in Albany, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Dougherty County School System, along with, Monroe Comprehensive High School, and Westover Comprehensive High School. It was founded in 1963. Context_10 : Monroe Comprehensive High School (MCHS) is a four-year secondary school located in Albany, Georgia, United States. It is one of three high schools in the Dougherty County School System, which also includes Dougherty Comprehensive High School and Westover Comprehensive High School. fact_1 : It is part of the Albany, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area. fact_2 : Albany is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia, and is the seat of Dougherty County. Question: Which metropolitan area is home to Putney, Georgia and is the seat of Dougherty County?
Example Output: Albany, Georgia
Example Input: Context_1 : Muhammad Ali and Jerry Quarry fought two boxing matches with each other. The first bout took place on October 26, 1970; and the second on June 27, 1972. Ali won both fights through technical knockouts.The first fight was stopped in the third round; and the second in the seventh round. The first Ali-Quarry fight is considered particularly notable because it was the first time Ali was fighting after his suspension from boxing. Context_2 : Heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali and former champion Floyd Patterson fought two times. The first bout took place on November 22, 1965; and the second on September 20, 1972. Ali won both fights through technical knockouts. The first fight was stopped in the twelfth round; and the second after the seventh round. Context_3 : John Olson is a forger associated with the FBI's Operation Bullpen investigation. He would plead guilty to forging thousands of Muhammad Ali and various other autographs. The FBI gathered information on the ring during a previous sting known as operation FOUL BALL. They launched the investigation that would ultimately culminate with the bust October 13, 1999. They took down the biggest forgery ring in sports memorabilia history. Chuck Wepner, a former sparring partner of Ali and tough man boxer from Bayonne, New Jersey, would vouch for the autographs and John Olson and others would sign the items. Context_4 : Monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty reigned over Egypt from 1805 to 1953. Their rule also extended to Sudan throughout much of this period, as well as to the Levant, and Hejaz during the first half of the 19th century. The Muhammad Ali dynasty was founded by Muhammad Ali Pasha, an Albanian commander in the expeditionary force sent by the Ottoman Empire in 1801 to dislodge the French occupation of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte. The defeat and departure of the French left a power vacuum in Egypt, which had been an Ottoman province since the 16th century, but in which the pre-Ottoman Mamluk military caste maintained considerable power. After a three-year civil war, Muhammad Ali managed to consolidate his control over Egypt, and declared himself Khedive of the country. The Ottoman Porte refused to acknowledge this title, instead recognizing Muhammad Ali by the more junior title of "Wāli" (meaning governor or viceroy) on 18 June 1805, making Muhammad Ali the successor to Ahmad Khurshid Pasha in that position. In the years following his consolidation of power, Muhammad Ali extended Egypt's borders south into Sudan, and eastwards into the Arab Mashreq, particularly the Levant. In 1840, his demand for hereditary control of Egypt and Sudan to be passed to his heirs and successors was accepted and confirmed by the Convention of London, but he was compelled to agree that, upon his death, control over his territories in the Mashreq would revert to the Porte. Context_5 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Held at the 20th of May Stadium (now the Stade Tata Raphaël), it pitted the undefeated world heavyweight champion George Foreman against challenger Muhammad Ali, a former heavyweight champion; the attendance was 60,000. Ali won by knockout, putting Foreman down just before the end of the eighth round. It has been called "arguably the greatest sporting event of the 20th century". The event was one of Don King's first ventures as a professional boxing promoter. Context_6 : Muhammad Ali evolved considerably in his religious and spiritual views throughout his life. Ali was introduced to the Nation of Islam in 1962, and officially became a member of the organization shortly after his first bout with Liston. He converted to Sunni Islam after the death of the Nation's leader, Elijah Muhammad, in 1975, following which the organization's leader Wallace D. Muhammad had aligned the ideology of the Nation with Sunni Islam. Around 2005, Ali again converted, this time to Sufism. Context_7 : Muhammad Ali and Joe Bugner fought two boxing matches with each other. Their first bout took place on 14 February 1973; and the second on 1 July 1975. Ali won both matches through unanimous decisions on points.The 1975 fight with Bugner was the last bout Ali fought before Thrilla in Manila. Context_8 : Facing Ali is a 2002 book authored by Stephen Brunt; it is about fifteen different fighters from around the world who battled with Muhammad Ali in boxing fights. In each chapter of the book, one of the selected fighters recalls the experience of fighting with Ali. The profiled fighters include Ali's famous opponents like George Foreman, Joe Frazier, and Ken Norton; and also the relatively obscure like the German butcher Jurgen Blin who "was back at work at the sausage factory" after having fought with Ali the previous day. Other fighters profiled in the book include Tunney Hunsaker, Jean Pierre Coopman, Henry Cooper, Ron Lyle, Chuck Wepner, George Chuvalo and Larry Holmes. Context_9 : Robert "Rocky" Balboa is the title character of the "Rocky" series. The character was created by Sylvester Stallone, who also portrayed him in all seven "Rocky" films. He is depicted as an everyman who started out by going the distance and overcoming obstacles that had occurred in his life and career as a professional boxer. While he is loosely based on Chuck Wepner, a one-time boxer who fought Muhammad Ali and lost on a TKO in the 15th round, the inspiration for the name, iconography and fighting style came from boxing legend Rocky Marciano. Context_10 : Muhammad Ali and Chuck Wepner fought each other in a boxing match on March 24, 1975. This was Ali's first boxing bout after The Rumble in the Jungle. The fight was billed as "Give the White Guy a Break". Ali won the fight after he knocked out Wepner in the fifteenth round.The fight is notable for being among the four fights in which Ali was officially knocked down in the ring, and for inspiring the 1976 film "Rocky". fact_1 : This was Ali's first boxing bout after The Rumble in the Jungle. fact_2 : The Rumble in the Jungle was a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) on October 30, 1974 (at 4:00 am). Question: Muhammad Ali vs. Chuck Wepner was the first bout for Ali after which bout in Zaire?
Example Output: The Rumble in the Jungle
Example Input: Context_1 : Maly Theatre ("Малый театр" , literally "Small Theatre" as opposed to nearby Bolshoi, or "Grand", opera theatre) is a theatre in Moscow, Russia, principally associated with the production of plays. Established in 1806 and operating on its present site on the Theatre Square since 1824, the theatre traces its history to the Moscow University drama company, established in 1756. In the 19th century, Maly was "universally recognized in Russia as the leading dramatic theatre of the century", and was the home stage for Mikhail Shchepkin and Maria Yermolova. 40 of Alexander Ostrovsky's 54 plays premiered at Maly, and the theatre was known as "The House of Ostrovsky". The Maly Theatre in Moscow and Alexandrinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg "to a great extent determined the development of Russian theatre during the 19th and 20th century". Context_2 : Luden's is a brand of throat lozenge, currently manufactured and sold in the USA by Prestige Brands. Their headquarters are in Tarrytown, NY. Its product family includes: Wild Cherry, Orange, Wild Berry, Honey Lemon, Honey Licorice, Kiwi-Strawberry, Wild Honey, Sugar-Free Wild Cherry, Blue Raspberry, Watermelon and Original Menthol. Context_3 : "Wild Honey" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys. It was released on their 1967 album "Wild Honey". It was also released as a single, with the B-side of the single being "Wind Chimes". The single peaked at #31 in the U.S. and #29 in the U.K. Context_4 : 1967 – Sunshine Tomorrow is a compilation album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released by Capitol Records on June 30, 2017. It focuses on previously unreleased recordings from late 1967, particularly sessions dedicated to the group's 13th studio album "Wild Honey" (1967). Included is the album's first ever complete stereo mix, various live renditions, session highlights, and additional material sourced from "Smiley Smile" (1967) and the unreleased live effort "Lei'd in Hawaii", both of which immediately preceded the "Wild Honey" sessions. Context_5 : Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation by British playwright Michael Frayn of an earlier play by Anton Chekhov. The original work, a sprawling five-hour drama from Chekhov's earliest years as a writer, has no title, but is usually known in English as "Platonov", after its principal character "Mikhail Platonov", a disillusioned provincial schoolmaster. Context_6 : Alexander Andreyevich Rasskazov (Russian: Александр Андреевич Рассказов , 1832, Moscow, Imperial Russia, — 28 July 1902, Moscow) was a Russian stage actor, one of the stars of the Moscow's Maly Theatre of his time, best remembered for his comic and vaudevillian parts, and considered a heir to Sergey Vasilyev's artistic legacy as well as the classic set of parts associated with the latter. He left Maly due to poor health but soon made himself a name as theatre entrepreneur in the Russian province, mostly in Samara, Tula, Kaluga and Simbirsk. Context_7 : The 2017 Wild Honey World Tour is the official name, a misnomer, for a concert tour of Europe and the United States by early American band The Beach Boys, which commemorates the 50th anniversary of their album "Wild Honey". Among the many notable venues hosting the Tour are Royal Albert Hall, Montreux Jazz Festival, and Lincoln Center. Context_8 : Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Yablochkina (Александра Александровна Яблочкина; November 3, 1866 - March 20, 1964) was a leading actress of the Maly Theatre in Moscow for more than 75 years. She studied acting under her father before joining the Korsh Theatre troupe in 1886. Two years later, she moved to the Maly, where she worked with Maria Yermolova and Alexander Yuzhin. Yablochkina specialized in comedy roles and was renowned for the purity of her enunciation. In 1915, she was selected to lead the Russian theatrical society. In 1937, she became one of the first individuals to be awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR. In 1943, she was awarded the USSR State Prize. She wrote two volumes of memoirs, "My Life in Theatre" (1953) and "75 Years in Theatre" (1960). Context_9 : Jamie the Saxt is a four act play in Scots by the Scottish dramatist, Robert McLellan, first produced by Curtain Theatre in Glasgow in 1937 with the actor Duncan Macrae in the title role. The historical subject of the comedy is the conflict between the king of Scots, James VI, and Francis Stewart, the rebellious 5th Earl of Bothwell, in the early 1590s. Context_10 : Platonov (Russian: Платонов , also known as "Fatherlessness" and "A Play Without a Title") is the name in English given to an early, untitled play in four acts written by Anton Chekhov in 1878. It was the first large-scale drama by Chekhov, written specifically for Maria Yermolova, rising star of Maly Theatre. Yermolova rejected the play and it was not published until 1923. fact_1 : Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation by British playwright Michael Frayn of an earlier play by Anton Chekhov. fact_2 : The original work, a sprawling five-hour drama from Chekhov's earliest years as a writer, has no title, but is usually known in English as "Platonov", after its principal character "Mikhail Platonov", a disillusioned provincial schoolmaster. fact_3 : Platonov (Russian: Платонов , also known as "Fatherlessness" and "A Play Without a Title") is the name in English given to an early, untitled play in four acts written by Anton Chekhov in 1878. fact_4 : It was the first large-scale drama by Chekhov, written specifically for Maria Yermolova, rising star of Maly Theatre. Question: Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation of a untitled four act play written specifically for what rising star of Maly Theatre?
Example Output: | Maria Yermolova
| 3 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Michael James Walsh (born January 6, 1945 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian film critic and print journalist. In addition to newspapering, Walsh has been a broadcaster and public speaker, published works of film history and run for Canada's Parliament. Context_2 : Terrence Lee Glaze (born November 29, 1964, Columbus), known as Terry Lee, is a Texas-raised singer and guitarist who is most known for his work in American heavy metal bands Lord Tracy and Pantera. Context_3 : Gypsy was an American progressive rock band from Minnesota, formed as The Underbeats (1962–1968). Gypsy was the house band at the Whisky a Go Go, West Hollywood, California for about eight months from September 1969 to 1970 and were known in 1970 for their US "Billboard" Hot 100 single "Gypsy Queen Part 1 and 2". Most of Gypsy's music was composed and written by guitarist and singer Enrico Rosenbaum. Drummer Bill Lordan went on to play with Sly & the Family Stone and a long career with Robin Trower. Keyboardist James Walsh continued the band in various incarnations as The James Walsh Gypsy Band. Context_4 : James Milne Walsh (born 10 June 1980 in Wigan) is an English singer, songwriter, guitarist, pianist and frontman of the band, Starsailor. Context_5 : Pantera was an American heavy metal band from Arlington, Texas. The group was formed in 1981 by the Abbott brothers – drummer Vinnie Paul and guitarist Dimebag Darrell – along with lead vocalist Terry Glaze. Bassist Rex Brown joined the band the following year, replacing Tommy D. Bradford, who was the unofficial original. Having started as a glam metal band, Pantera released four albums during the 1980s. Looking for a new and heavier sound, Pantera replaced Glaze with Phil Anselmo in late 1986 and released "Power Metal" in 1988. With its fifth album, 1990's "Cowboys from Hell", Pantera introduced a groove metal sound. Pantera's sixth album, 1992's "Vulgar Display of Power", exhibited an even heavier sound. "Far Beyond Driven" (1994) debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200. Context_6 : Starsailor is an English post-Britpop band, formed in 2000. Since its formation the band has included guitarist and vocalist James Walsh, drummer Ben Byrne, bassist James Stelfox and keyboardist Barry Westhead. Context_7 : James Andrew Walsh (20 November 1908 – 17 May 1985) was a hurler. He was born in Waterford, Ireland, the son of James Walsh of New Ross, Co. Wexford, and Ellen Stafford of Carrick-on-Bannow, Co. Wexford. He attended Mount Sion in Waterford City, the first school founded and run by the Congregation of Christian Brothers. The Irish Christian Brothers were staunch champions of Irish nationalism, the Irish Language Revival and Irish sports. Mount Sion established a strong and enduring tradition of hurling, which filled the young and impressionable Jimmy with a lifelong enthusiasm. When he left Mount Sion, James took with him not only the skills, but a determination to excel, which eventually led to his participation in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1934. Context_8 : Unlock the Gates is the fourth and last album by the rock band Gypsy. Keyboardist James Walsh continued the band in various incarnations as The James Walsh Gypsy Band. The horn section is from the band Chicago. Context_9 : I Am the Night is the third studio album by heavy metal band Pantera, released in 1985 through Metal Magic Records. The album was made available only on vinyl and cassette, with any subsequent CD releases being bootlegs transferred from the vinyl or tape originals. Some of Pantera's faster and heavier influences are more apparent on "I Am the Night", especially on the title track, "Valhalla" and "Down Below" (which was re-recorded for their next album "Power Metal"). Guitar solos took on character, hinting at Dimebag Darrell's later style. It was also the last album to feature lead singer Terry Glaze. The band made their second music video for the track "Hot and Heavy". Context_10 : James Walsh (28 May 1913 – 5 July 1986) was an Australian cricketer. He played fifteen first-class matches for Tasmania between 1932 and 1937. fact_1 : James Milne Walsh (born 10 June 1980 in Wigan) is an English singer, songwriter, guitarist, pianist and frontman of the band, Starsailor. fact_2 : Terrence Lee Glaze (born November 29, 1964, Columbus), known as Terry Lee, is a Texas-raised singer and guitarist who is most known for his work in American heavy metal bands Lord Tracy and Pantera. Question: James Walsh and Terry Glaze, have which mutual occupations?
SOLUTION: singer and guitarist
PROBLEM: Context_1 : England competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. Context_2 : The Brighton Marathon is a road race run over the distance of 42.195 km or 26 miles and 385 yards. It takes place each April in Brighton on the south coast of England. The inaugural Brighton Marathon was organised by former international athlete Tim Hutchings and former Brighton club athlete, Tom Naylor. Context_3 : Peter Kimeli Some (born 5 June 1990) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in road running events, including the marathon. Some has a marathon best of 2:05:38 hours and a half marathon best of 1:00:21 hours. He won the 2013 Paris Marathon and the 2012 Brighton Marathon. He is the son of former runner Some Muge and the brother of Matthew Kisorio. Context_4 : Edith Wolf (née Hunkeler, born 30 July 1972) is a Swiss former wheelchair racer, who competed in the T54 classification. Wolf competed at a range of distances from 400m to marathon length events and is a multiple World and Paralympic Games winner. Wolf has also eight major marathon titles to her name having won the women's wheelchair race at the Berlin Marathon (2011), Boston Marathon (2002 and 2006) and New York Marathon (2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 and 2009). Context_5 : The Brighton Wheel, also known during its planning and construction phase as the Brighton O and the Wheel of Excellence, was a transportable Ferris wheel installation which operated from October 2011 until May 2016 on the seafront in Brighton, part of the English city of Brighton and Hove. Situated below the East Cliff near Brighton Pier and built with private funding, its promoters anticipated that several hundred thousand visitors per year would experience the 12-minute ride. The wheel's location in a conservation area with many residential buildings proved controversial. Context_6 : The Cincinnati Flying Pig Marathon is an annual 26.2 mi race run the first Sunday of May in Cincinnati, Ohio. Its first run was in 1999. It is the 3rd-largest first-time marathon in the United States and had nearly 5000 finishers in 2008. An official time from the Flying Pig Marathon can be used to qualify for the Boston Marathon. In recent years, the Flying Pig has included a 5K race, a 10K race, and a half marathon in addition to the traditional marathon race. Added in 2014, there is a 2-mile "Flying Fur" event for dogs and humans to participate in. The 5K and 10K run on the day before the marathon. The half marathon starts and finishes at the same locations as the full marathon, and runs on the same day as the full marathon. Total participation for all weekend events exceeded 30,408 in 2011. Context_7 : Bruce Fordyce (born 3 December 1955 in Hong Kong) is a South African marathon and ultramarathon athlete. He is best known for having won the South African Comrades Marathon a record nine times, of which eight wins were consecutive. He also won the London to Brighton Marathon three years in a row. He is the current world record holder over 50 miles and the former world record holder over 100 km. Context_8 : The Brighton, Hove & District Football League is a football competition involving teams in and around Brighton, Hove and Worthing, in England. It was established in 2014 following a full merger between the Brighton, Hove & District League (formed 1903) and the Worthing and District League. It is headed by a combined Brighton and Worthing based Premier Division, with two regional Division Ones (Division One East for Brighton-based teams and Division One West for Worthing-based teams) and an additional Division Two West for Worthing-based teams. Pre-merger with Worthing & district League, the Brighton League used to have a Division Three, Four and Five, but Division Five was disbanded in 2003; Division Four was discontinued in 2009 and Division Three was discontinued in 2012. The decline in numbers is what led the league into amalgamating with the Worthing League, which was also in decline and struggling for numbers. The new league held its level in the pyramid and the winners of the Combined Premier Division may apply for promotion to the Southern Combination League Division Three. Context_9 : The Brighton and Hove Built-up area or Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation has a population of 474,485 (2011 census), making it England's 12th largest conurbation. This was an increase of around 3% from the 2001 population of 461,181. Named the Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation by the Office for National Statistics for the 2001 census and Brighton and Hove Built-up area for the 2011 census, the area has also been known as "Greater Brighton" (although Greater Brighton can include Lewes). The conurbation dominates West and East Sussex, with around 1 in 3 of Sussex's population living within its boundaries. It is also the second largest conurbation in the South East region of England and the second largest conurbation on the English Channel coast, in either England or France. In both of these cases the Brighton conurbation trails the Southampton and Portsmouth conurbation. This identified conurbation was the largest on the Channel before Portsmouth and Southampton's conurbations were combined for much official data analysis after the 2011 census. Context_10 : Alyson Dixon (born 24 September 1978 in sunderland) is an English long-distance-runner who has competed in several marathons and half marathons and won the 2011 Brighton Marathon. She competed for England at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, but did not finish due to a calf injury. She first joined an athletics club as a girl when a friend did and because she wanted to go to Flamingo Land Resort as the club was going there. fact_1 : Alyson Dixon (born 24 September 1978 in sunderland) is an English long-distance-runner who has competed in several marathons and half marathons and won the 2011 Brighton Marathon. fact_2 : She competed for England at the 2014 Commonwealth Games, but did not finish due to a calf injury. fact_3 : England competed at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland. Question: An English long-distance-runner who won the 2011 Brighton Marathon, competed in a competition in 2014 in what location?
SOLUTION: Glasgow, Scotland
PROBLEM: Context_1 : Korpsführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was the highest rank used by the National Socialist Motor Corps and the National Socialist Flyers Corps. Translated as "Corps Leader", the rank of Korpsführer was held by the single officer in command of the entire organization. The rank was the equivalent of the "Sturmabteilung" title of "Stabschef" and at least on paper the rank of "Reichsführer-SS". Context_2 : Emil Ketterer (6 August 1883 – 23 December 1959) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. Later in his life, he became an ardent Nazi and SA-Obergruppenführer. As a medical doctor, he was involved in approval and promotion of euthanasia under the Nazi regime. He was father-in-law of Hanns-Martin Schleyer, SS officer and victim of the Red Army Faction. Context_3 : The ranks and insignia of the Hitler Youth were a Nazi Party paramilitary rank system that existed from 1932 to 1945. The Hitler Youth had existed for nearly a decade before, but the organization did not maintain any particular system of ranks. Such ranks were introduced in the early 1930s and became widespread after the Nazi Party came to power in 1933. Context_4 : Mann (German for "man", "male", "husband", or "fellow"), was a paramilitary rank used by several Nazi Party paramilitary organizations between 1925 and 1945. The rank is most often associated with the SS, and also as a rank of the SA where "Mann" was the lowest enlisted rank and was the equivalent of a private. Context_5 : SS-Anwärter ] is a German title which translates as “candidate” or "applicant". During the Third Reich, "Anwärter/SS-Anwärter" was used as a paramilitary rank by both the NSDAP and the SS. Within the Nazi Party, an "Anwärter" was someone who had been accepted into a government service position and the rank was issued in two degrees: one for party members and the other for non-party members. "Anwärter" was the lowest Nazi Party rank in a complex and extensive system of Nazi Party political ranks leading up to such positions as "Gauleiter" and "Reichsleiter". Context_6 : Obergruppenführer (] , "senior group leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA), and adopted by the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) one year later. Until April 1942, it was the highest commissioned SS rank, inferior only to "Reichsführer-SS" (Heinrich Himmler or RFSS, which was the internal SS-abbreviation for Himmler) Translated as "senior group leader", the rank of "Obergruppenführer" was senior to "Gruppenführer". A similarly named rank of "Untergruppenführer" existed in the SA from 1929 to 1930 and as a title until 1933. In April 1942, the new rank of "SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer" was created which was above "Obergruppenführer" and below "Reichsführer-SS". Context_7 : A Gauleiter (] ) was the party leader of a regional branch of the NSDAP (more commonly known as the Nazi Party) or the head of a "Gau" or of a "Reichsgau". The word can be singular or plural, depending on the context. "Gauleiter" was the second highest Nazi Party paramilitary rank, subordinate only to the higher rank "Reichsleiter" and to the position of "Führer". During World War II, the rank of "Gauleiter" was obtained only by direct appointment from Adolf Hitler. Context_8 : Oberscharführer (] , "senior squad leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that existed between 1932 and 1945. Translated as “senior squad leader”, "Oberscharführer" was first used as a rank of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA) and was created due to an expansion of the enlisted positions required by growing SA membership in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The SA rank of "Oberscharführer" was senior to "Scharführer" and junior to the rank of "Truppführer". Context_9 : Rottenführer (] , "section leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in the year 1932. The rank of "Rottenführer" was used by several Nazi paramilitary groups, among them the "Sturmabteilung" (SA), the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) and was senior to the paramilitary rank of "Sturmmann". Context_10 : Truppführer (] , "troop leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in 1930 as a rank of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA). Translated as "Troop Leader", the rank of "Truppführer" evolved from early "Freikorps" titles which traced their origins to World War I. fact_1 : Later in his life, he became an ardent Nazi and SA-Obergruppenführer. fact_2 : Obergruppenführer (] , "senior group leader") was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the "Sturmabteilung" (SA), and adopted by the "Schutzstaffel" (SS) one year later. Question: In which year was this Nazi Party paramilitary rank created that Emil Ketterer belonged?
SOLUTION: | 1932
| 8 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context_1 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. He is one of the first American composers of international renown, though his music was largely ignored during his life, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Over time, he came to be regarded as an "American original". He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Context_2 : Daniel Evan Freeman (born 27 April 1959) is an American musicologist who specializes in European art music of the eighteenth century, in particular the musical culture of eighteenth-century Prague and the Bohemian lands. He is also active as a pianist and music editor. Context_3 : Art music (also known as Western classical music, cultivated music, serious music, canonic music, and more flippantly, real music or normal music) is an umbrella term that refers to musical traditions, implying advanced structural and theoretical considerations and a written musical tradition. "Serious" or "cultivated" music are terms frequently used as a contrast for ordinary, everyday music (popular and folk music, also called "vernacular music"). After the 20th century, art music was divided into two extensions: "serious music" and "light music". Context_4 : In the history of European art music, the term "common practice period" refers to the era between the formation and the dissolution of the tonal system. Though there are no exact dates for this phenomenon, most features of the common-practice period persisted from the mid to late baroque period, through the Classical and Romantic periods, or roughly from around 1650 to 1900. While certain prevailing patterns and conventions characterize the music of this period, the time period also saw considerable stylistic evolution. Some conventions evolved during this period that were rarely employed at other times during what may still be labeled "common practice" (for example, Sonata Form). Thus, the dates 1650–1900 are necessarily nebulous and arbitrary borders that depend on context. The most important unifying feature through this time period concerns a harmonic language to which modern music theorists can apply Roman numeral analysis. Context_5 : The Festival Oude Muziek Utrecht ("Utrecht Early Music Festival") is an annual music festival that showcases and celebrates early European art music. The ten-day festival takes place in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and begins in August. The programme comprises concerts, activities, lectures, exhibitions, and a symposium. Context_6 : Assaf Shelleg (Hebrew: אסף שלג ), is a musicologist and pianist, a senior lecturer of musicology at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was previously the Schusterman Visiting Assistant Professor of Musicology and Jewish Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia (2011–14), and had taught prior to that as the visiting Efroymson Scholar in the Jewish, Islamic & Near Eastern Languages and Cultures Department at Washington University in St. Louis (2009–11). Shelleg specializes in twentieth-century Jewish and Israeli art music and has published in some of the leading journals in both musicology and Israel Studies on topics ranging from the historiography of modern Jewish art music to the theological networks of Israeli art music. Shelleg's book, "Jewish Contiguities and the Soundtrack of Israeli History", appeared in November 2014 with Oxford University Press. The book studies the emergence of modern Jewish art music in central and Western Europe (1910s-1930s) and its translocation to Palestine/Israel (1930s-1970s), exposing the legacies of European antisemitism and religious Judaism in the making of Israeli art music. Moving to consider the dislocation of modern Jewish art music the book examines the paradoxes embedded in a Zionist national culture whose rhetoric negated its pasts, only to mask process of hybridizations enchained by older legacies. "Jewish Contiguities" has won the 2015 Engle Prize for the study of Hebrew Music, and the 2016 Jordan Schnitzer Book Award. Context_7 : Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads. In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song. In more complex vocal harmony arrangements, different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes, mostly with consonant, pleasing-sounding thirds, sixths, and fifths (although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes). Context_8 : David Wallis Reeves (February 14, 1838 – March 8, 1900), also known as D. W. Reeves or Wally Reeves, was an American composer, cornetist, and bandleader. He developed the American march style, later made famous by the likes of John Philip Sousa, and his innovations include adding a countermelody to the American march form in 1876. Sousa called Reeves "The Father of Band Music in America", and stated he wished he himself had written Reeves' "Second Regiment Connecticut National Guard March". Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. Context_9 : "Indian classical music is one of many forms of art music that have their roots in particular regional cultures. For other "classical" and art music traditions, see List of classical and art music traditions." Context_10 : Progressive music is music that subverts genre and expands stylistic boundaries outwards. Rooted in the idea of a cultural alternative, musical progressiveness embodies a continuous move between explicit and implicit references to genres and strategies derived from various cultural domains, such as European art music, Celtic folk, West Indian, or African. The word "progressive" comes from the basic concept of "progress", which refers to development and growth by accumulation, and is often deployed in numerous music genres such as progressive country, progressive folk, progressive jazz, and (most significantly) progressive rock. fact_1 : Charles Ives also borrowed from the "Second Connecticut" on four occasions. fact_2 : Charles Edward Ives ( ; October 20, 1874May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer. fact_3 : He combined the American popular and church-music traditions of his youth with European art music, and was among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones, foreshadowing many musical innovations of the 20th century. Question: What is the birthyear of the American composer that borrowed from "Second Connecticut" on four occasions and combined American popular and church-music traditions with European art music?
Solution: 1874May
Reason: From the fact_1 from context _8, and fact _2 and fact _3 from context _1, we can arrive at 1874 May which is accurate answer of given question.
Now, solve this instance: Context_1 : The history of Toowoomba begins in the 19th century. Europeans began exploring and settling in the area from 1816 on-wards. By the end of the 1840s the rich lands around Toowoomba were being used for agriculture. 12 suburban allotments at Drayton were surveyed in 1849. Small commercial settlements were growing with schools and churches also being built. The first council election took place in 1861 and the telegraph connection to Brisbane was established in 1862. Between 1868 and 1886, several new railway lines from Toowoomba were opened. Throughout the 21st century the city prospered with new hospitals, large industrial buildings and education facilities established. Brisbane West Wellcamp Airport was opened in 2014. Context_2 : The Steuart family of Maryland was a prominent political family in the early History of Maryland. Of Scottish descent, the Steuarts have their origins in Perthshire, Scotland. The family grew wealthy in the early 18th century under the patronage of the Calvert family, proprietors of the colony of Maryland, but would see their wealth and status much reduced during the American Revolution, and the American Civil War. Context_3 : The recorded history of Maryland dates back to when Europeans began exploring the area, starting with the Italian/Venetian John Cabot (c. 1450 – c. 1500), exploring the coast of the continent of North America for England in 1498. The first European settlements were made in 1634, when the English arrived in significant numbers and created a permanent colony. Maryland was notable for having been established with religious freedom for Roman Catholics. Like other colonies of the Chesapeake Bay, its economy was based on tobacco as a commodity crop, cultivated primarily by African slave labor, although many young people came from Britain as indentured servants in the early years. Context_4 : "Maryland Square", later known as "Steuart Hall", was a mansion owned by the Steuart family from 1795 to 1861, located on the western outskirts of Baltimore, Maryland, at the present-day junction of West Baltimore and Monroe streets. In the first year of the American Civil War, the property was confiscated by the United States Federal Government as its owner, George H. Steuart, a former United States Army officer, had resigned his commission to fight in the Confederate Army, in the Army of Northern Virginia as a brigadier general. Context_5 : Meyer Melvin Cardin (14 July 1907 – 12 July 2005) was an American jurist who served as an associate judge on the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City. He served one term in the Maryland state legislature and was a member of a prominent political family, his brother, son and grandnephew all being elected to state or national positions. Context_6 : The Read family of Delaware were a prominent political family in the 18th and 19th centuries in Delaware, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It was founded by John Read, a wealthy Englishman who was one of the founders of Chestertown, Maryland. Context_7 : Jarvis U.S. General Hospital was a military hospital founded in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1861, at the beginning of the American Civil War, for the care of wounded Federal soldiers. The hospital was built on the grounds of Maryland Square, the former residence of the Steuart family, which had been confiscated by the Federal government at the outbreak of war. The hospital closed at the end of the war. Context_8 : The Moore family was a prominent political family of North and South Carolina during the 18th and 19th centuries. They are believed to be related to or descended from Roger O'Moore, a leader of the Irish Rebellion of 1641. The family is most closely associated with the Cape Fear coastal region around Wilmington. Several members of the family held prominent political positions in colonial North and South Carolina, were officers in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, or held high positions in the United States federal government during the early years of the republic. Context_9 : The Sharif family (Urdu: ) is a prominent political family of Pakistan, based in the Pakistani province of Punjab. Along with the Bhutto family, the Sharif family has dominated for much of Pakistan's political history since 1983. The Sharif family is of Kashmiri origin settled in Pakistani Punjab and uses the title of "Mian". Muhammad Sharif, the father of the former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif, migrated from Jati Umra, Amritsar, India, after the creation of Pakistan in 1947. He was a businessman who founded the Ittefaq Group in 1939 in Lahore. Context_10 : The Bhutto family (Sindhi: ڀُٽو ) is a prominent political family of Pakistan, based in the province of Sindh. Bhuttos have played a prominent role in Pakistani politics and government. The family has held the leadership of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), since its inception in 1967. A family of ethnically Muslim Rajputs, based in Sindh province, the Bhuttos have been settled in the area for over two centuries. They migrated to Sindh from Rajputana (present-day Rajasthan, India) under Sheto Khan Bhutto in the early 18th century. fact_1 : The Steuart family of Maryland was a prominent political family in the early History of Maryland. fact_2 : The recorded history of Maryland dates back to when Europeans began exploring the area, starting with the Italian/Venetian John Cabot (c. 1450 – c. 1500), exploring the coast of the continent of North America for England in 1498. Question: The Steuart family of Maryland was a prominent political family in the early History of Maryland which dates back to when Europeans began exploring the area, starting with the Italian/Venetian named what?
Student: | John Cabot | 2 | NIv2 | task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation | fs_opt |
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