inputs stringlengths 216 8.3k | targets stringlengths 1 1.65k | _template_idx int64 0 9 | _task_source stringclasses 1
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Question: "What did Sandor and Franjo invent?" Context: "On 13 December 1904, Hungarian Sándor Just and Croatian Franjo Hanaman were granted a Hungarian patent (No. 34541) for a tungsten filament lamp that lasted longer and gave brighter light than the carbon filament. Tungsten filament lamps were first marketed by th... | Ans: populated by "bearded men" who "pray to the icons" | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "What is another expression for e?" Context: "While Old Czech had a basic alphabet from which a general set of orthographical correspondences was drawn, it did not have a standard orthography. It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, whic... | wanted von Neumann to follow him into industry and therefore invest his time in a more financially useful endeavor than mathematics | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "What was the status of Kerry's promotion to full Lieutenant?" Context: "After Kerry's third qualifying wound, he was entitled per Navy regulations to reassignment away from combat duties. Kerry's preferred choice for reassignment was as a military aide in Boston, New York or Washington, D.C. On April 11, 19... | Ans: architecture | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
input question: Question: "Which Charles was in control with Queen Anne?" Context: "The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Eliz... | Some were outside territorial waters | 9 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "What is the most accepted religious viewpoint?" Context: "Modern Baptist churches trace their history to the English Separatist movement in the century after the rise of the original Protestant denominations. This view of Baptist origins has the most historical support and is the most widely accepted. Adher... | Ans: Genius | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
[Q]: Question: "The homepages of many websites removed all advertisements and what other change?" Context: "Many websites converted their home page to black and white; Sina.com and Sohu, major internet portals, limited their homepages to news items and removed all advertisements. Chinese video sharing websites Youku a... | distinction between dominant and recessive traits, the distinction between a heterozygote and homozygote | 4 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "Which of the following movies was not produced before 2008: Mona Lisa Smile, The Life Before Her Eyes, or Everybody's Fine?" Context: "Several recent movies have been filmed in New Haven, including Mona Lisa Smile (2003), with Julia Roberts, The Life Before Her Eyes (2007), with... | Greatest Hits | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: Question: "There was a study performed in 2013 to what?" Context: "A 2013 trans-genome study carried out by 30 geneticists, from 13 universities and academies, from 9 countries, assembling the largest data set available to date, for assessment of Ashkenazi Jewish genetic origins found no evidence of Khazar o... | Bush | 3 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "Who won a prize in the tens decade?" Context: "As of 2007, Greece had the eighth highest percentage of tertiary enrollment in the world (with the percentages for female students being higher than for male) while Greeks of the Diaspora are equally active in the field of education... | they are classified as large trucks | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "What position did Kerry take early in the process of going to war with Iraq?" Context: "During his bid to be elected president in 2004, Kerry frequently criticized President George W. Bush for the Iraq War. While Kerry had initially voted in support of authorizing President Bush to use force in dea... | administrative and military reforms | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "When does the concept of mutual intelligibility not hold true?" Context: "The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and b... | 50,418 | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
input: Please answer the following: Question: "Why would African-American seem more offensive than Black as a descriptor?" Context: "In 1988, the civil rights leader Jesse Jackson urged Americans to use instead the term "African American" because it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to term... | Paul Williams | 5 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: Question: "What group gave the coast it's sobriquet?" Context: "An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written refe... | lyrics of the modern Japanese national anthem, Kimi ga Yo, were written in the Heian period | 3 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
input: Please answer the following: Question: "Where in the U.S. do bears fight?" Context: "Though they have not had the level of exposure as other wrestlers, bears have long been a part of professional wrestling. Usually declawed and muzzled, they often wrestled shoot matches against audience members, offered a cash ... | DNA-based evidence | 5 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "Where is the Supreme Court?" Context: "The United States Supreme Court in Penry v. Lynaugh and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Bigby v. Dretke have been clear in their decisions that jury instructions in death penalty cases that do not ask about mitigating factors regarding the d... | Ans: Thomas Aikenhead | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "Which event happened after 1800, the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders or the second Russo-Turkish War?" Context: "A distinct Greek political identity re-emerged in the 11th century in educated circles and became more forceful after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Cr... | MES-1 and WGL-4 | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "How did people learn of the pan-European styles?" Context: "The major architectural undertakings were the buildings of abbeys and cathedrals. From about 900 CE onwards, the movements of both clerics and tradesmen carried architectural knowledge across Europe, resulting in the pa... | 720p | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "Who received the least benefit from the Korean war?" Context: "Zhejiang, as the heartland of the Jiangnan (Yangtze River Delta), remained the wealthiest area during the Six Dynasties (220 or 222–589), Sui, and Tang. After being incorporated into the Sui dynasty, its economic ric... | as an ethnic group | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "What does neoclassicism style have?" Context: "After a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmo... | set | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "How old is the Somali language?" Context: "In addition to Somali, Arabic, which is also an Afro-Asiatic tongue, is an official national language in both Somalia and Djibouti. Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious ed... | makes it impossible to decide whether A and C are dialects of the same language or not | 1 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Please answer this: Question: "What additional literature followed the book of isolation?" Context: "In the 12th century CE the Andalusian Muslim philosopher and novelist Abu Bakr Ibn Tufail (known as "Abubacer" or "Ebn Tophail" in the West) included the theory of tabula rasa as a thought experiment in his Arabic phil... | following a disease | 6 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "Which sect of Christianity does the article discuss?" Context: "As early as the late 18th century, black Baptists began to organize separate churches, associations and mission agencies, especially in the northern states. Not only did blacks set up some independent congregations in the South before the Ameri... | Ans: maternal grandfather | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "what is the second word in the first paragraph?" Context: "In fact, Whitehead describes any entity as in some sense nothing more and nothing less than the sum of its relations to other entities – its synthesis of and reaction to the world around it. A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the ... | low | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "What game is Yankee Stadium home of?" Context: "The Bronx is the home of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. The original Yankee Stadium opened in 1923 on 161st Street and River Avenue, a year that saw the Yankees bring home their first of 27 World Series Championship... | Shanghai Surprise | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: Question: "__ cuisine developed throughout the centuries influenced by the many surrounding cultures of Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Germany and Belgium." Context: "With the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), Spain ceded the northern part of Catalonia to France, and soon thereafter the local Catalan varieties came... | Gaddafi's Free Officers recognized this as their chance to overthrow the monarchy | 3 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
[Q]: Question: "What might get 50% voltage reversal?" Context: "For maximum life, capacitors usually need to be able to handle the maximum amount of reversal that a system will experience. An AC circuit will experience 100% voltage reversal, while under-damped DC circuits will experience less than 100%. Reversal creat... | in a leap year, a leap day is added to February | 4 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "If you are an officer in the Canadian Armed Forces and didn't graduate from the Royal Military College of Canada, what did you receive?" Context: "Canada's Armed forces operate out of 27 Canadian Forces bases (CFB) across the country, including NDHQ. This number has been gradually reduced since the... | Jupiter | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "Which plants survive?" Context: "As the terrain is generally arid, the hills have mostly poor soil and support only cacti and succulent plants. During the rainy season the area turns green with vegetation and grass. The eastern part of the island is greener as it receives more rainfall. A 1994 survey has re... | Ans: United Kingdom | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "How will CAR make telecommunications better?" Context: "Presently, the Central African Republic has active television services, radio stations, internet service providers, and mobile phone carriers; Socatel is the leading provider for both internet and mobile phone access throug... | new notes printed to replace worn out notes, which have been withdrawn from circulation, bring in no net revenue to the government to offset the costs of printing new notes and destroying the old ones | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "What can "eat" CDs?" Context: "CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the la... | increase the quality of the resulting software as well as the efficiency of the overall development and QA process | 1 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "How predominant is the Charleston accent currently?" Context: "The traditional Charleston accent has long been noted in the state and throughout the South. It is typically heard in wealthy white families who trace their families back generations in the city. It has ingliding or monophthongal long mid-vow... | de Rivaz engine | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "When do these things first appear, according to the rival hypothesis?" Context: "Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that most placental orders diverged about 100 to 85 million years ago and that modern families appeared in the period from the late Eocene through the Miocene. But paleontologists o... | Ans: Mandane | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "What is a recyclable material that can be used in new embankments?" Context: "When maintenance is performed on asphalt pavements, such as milling to remove a worn or damaged surface, the removed material can be returned to a facility for processing into new pavement mixtures. The asphalt/bitumen in the remo... | The 1,817 square kilometres (702 sq mi) of the Alps covered by glaciers in 1876 had shrunk to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi) | 1 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
[Q]: Question: "What is needed to gain strength?" Context: "The Armed Forces are today funded by approximately $20.1 billion annually and are presently ranked 74th in size compared to the world's other armed forces by number of total personnel, and 58th in terms of active personnel, standing at a strength of roughly 6... | president | 4 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Please answer this: Question: "What happens when a Jehovah Witness resigns from the religion?" Context: "Formal discipline is administered by congregation elders. When a baptized member is accused of committing a serious sin—usually cases of sexual misconduct or charges of apostasy for disputing Jehovah's Witness doct... | The Oklahoman | 6 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "Where do these groups land?" Context: "for any constant c. Matrix groups over these fields fall under this regime, as do adele rings and adelic algebraic groups, which are basic to number theory. Galois groups of infinite field extensions such as the absolute Galois group can also be equipped with a topolog... | Ans: South India | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "Who moved to Nanjing?" Context: "At the beginning of the Three Kingdoms era (220–280 CE), Zhejiang was home to the warlords Yan Baihu and Wang Lang prior to their defeat by Sun Ce and Sun Quan, who eventually established the Kingdom of Wu. Despite the removal of their court from... | 1994 | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
[Q]: Question: "Who does not say God is always the beloved: Sufi or Moses?" Context: "Moses, in 7:143, comes the way of those who are in love, he asks for a vision but his desire is denied, he is made to suffer by being commanded to look at other than the Beloved while the mountain is able to see God. The mountain cru... | human rights | 4 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "Which part of an internal combustion engine like the ones found in vehicles produces vacuum?" Context: "Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete appl... | The earliest writers | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "__ was spread to Sierra Leone by Canadian missionaries." Context: "Presbyterians distinguish themselves from other denominations by doctrine, institutional organization (or "church order") and worship; often using a "Book of Order" to regulate common practice and order. The origins of the Presbyterian churc... | Ans: Johnny Mathis | 0 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "what place is mentioned second?" Context: "The topic of language for writers from Dalmatia and Dubrovnik prior to the 19th century made a distinction only between speakers of Italian or Slavic, since those were the two main groups that inhabited Dalmatian city-states at that time. Whether someone spoke C... | paraffin wax | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Question: "When can you eat a guinea fowl?" Context: "Guinea fowl originated in southern Africa, and the species most often kept as poultry is the helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris). It is a medium-sized grey or speckled bird with a small naked head with colourful wattles and a knob on top, and was domesticated by... | 24.5% | 1 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "Between kitab and wahy, which is revelation?" Context: "The term also has closely related synonyms that are employed throughout the Quran. Each synonym possesses its own distinct meaning, but its use may converge with that of qurʼān in certain contexts. Such terms include kitāb (book); āyah (sign);... | for assessment of Ashkenazi Jewish genetic origins | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "Where do a lot of Jewish people live in London?" Context: "The majority of British Jews live in London, with significant Jewish communities in Stamford Hill, Stanmore, Golders Green, Finchley, Hampstead, Hendon and Edgware in North London. Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to Lond... | The amendment allows certain children aged 14–18 to work in or outside a business where machinery is used to process wood | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "Out of inns, taverns, alehouses and pubs which usually provides accommodation?" Context: "In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less c... | MASSOB | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Q: Question: "Which has a more importance with constraints?" Context: "In a course at the LSA summer institute in 1991, Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky developed optimality theory—an overall architecture for phonology according to which languages choose a pronunciation of a word that best satisfies a list of constrain... | Alam Lohar | 2 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "What increased alongside the process of moving away from centralization?" Context: "As culture flourished, so did decentralization. Whereas the first phase of shōen development in the early Heian period had seen the opening of new lands and the granting of the use of lands to aristocrats and religi... | Flight | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "When is it okay to eat guinea fowl?" Context: "Guinea fowl originated in southern Africa, and the species most often kept as poultry is the helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris). It is a medium-sized grey or speckled bird with a small naked head with colourful wattles and a knob on top, and was do... | British | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Please answer this: Question: "In a duel-input USB cable, what are both cables used for?" Context: "Some USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can u... | Joseph E. Howard | 6 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "what phrase is in the bracket?" Context: "In fact, Whitehead describes any entity as in some sense nothing more and nothing less than the sum of its relations to other entities – its synthesis of and reaction to the world around it. A real thing is just that which forces the res... | Jan Rodrigues | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
input question: Question: "How many characters are in the Unicode subset supported by Windows?" Context: "Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or... | digital | 9 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "WHat is the opposite of replica?" Context: "The original Charter of 1837 set out the purpose of the Royal Institute to be: '… the general advancement of Civil Architecture, and for promoting and facilitating the acquirement of the knowledge of the various arts and sciences conne... | federal government | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "What was given to Egypt thirty-two years prior to when it ceased to be a British client state?" Context: "In 1922, Egypt, which had been declared a British protectorate at the outbreak of the First World War, was granted formal independence, though it continued to be a British client state until 19... | 3,636 | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
[Q]: Question: "According to Popper, where does the scientific approach ultimately begin?" Context: "Popper claimed to have recognised already in the 1934 version of his Logic of Discovery a fact later stressed by Kuhn, "that scientists necessarily develop their ideas within a definite theoretical framework", and to t... | changes in physical properties | 4 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Given the question: Question: "How many cities are in the City of London?" Context: "Within London, both the City of London and the City of Westminster have city status and both the City of London and the remainder of Greater London are counties for the purposes of lieutenancies. The area of Greater London ha... | To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel of strong contemporary national significance | 8 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
input question: Question: "who deserved a place among english libertarians?" Context: "The 19th-century Liberal Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone considered Burke "a magazine of wisdom on Ireland and America" and in his diary recorded: "Made many extracts from Burke—sometimes almost divine". The Radical MP and an... | archipelago | 9 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
Problem: Question: "What, in the article, happened in the 39th year of the 20th century?" Context: "The first sulfonamide and first commercially available antibacterial, Prontosil, was developed by a research team led by Gerhard Domagk in 1932 at the Bayer Laboratories of the IG Farben conglomerate in Germany. Domagk ... | Conservation | 7 | P3 | adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer | fs_noopt |
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