Cleaned and parsed National Bridge Inventory (NBI) records for all US states, 2000–2023. One row per bridge per inspection year. Covers structural properties, geometry, materials, traffic, condition ratings, and a derived 5-year deck deterioration target.

The NBI is the backbone of the bridgedeck dataset — all other datasets (PRISM, NOAA, NSHM, NFHL, Salt) are joined to it via bridge_id or county_fips.

Source

Source: FHWA National Bridge Inventory

Coverage: All 50 states + DC + PR, 2000–2023 (1,248 raw .txt files)

Reference: NBI Recording and Coding Guide (FHWA)

Schema

One row per (bridge_id, year). Primary key: (bridge_id, year).

Identifiers & Location

Column	Type	Description
`bridge_id`	str	`{state_fips}_{county_fips}_{structure_number}` — primary key
`year`	int	Inspection year (2000–2023)
`state_code`	str	2-digit FIPS state code (e.g. `"48"` = TX)
`county_code`	str	3-digit FIPS county code
`county_fips`	str	`state_code + county_code` — used to join NOAA storm data
`structure_number`	str	FHWA structure number (whitespace-stripped)
`latitude`	float	Decimal degrees WGS-84 North
`longitude`	float	Decimal degrees WGS-84 West (negative)

Design & Material

Column	NBI Item	Description
`year_built`	027	Year of original construction
`year_reconstructed`	106	Year of major reconstruction; `0` = never reconstructed
`main_span_material`	043A	Main span material (`1`=Concrete, `3`=Steel, `5`=PSC, `7`=Wood)
`main_span_design`	043B	Main span design type (`01`=Slab, `02`=Stringer, `05`=Box Beam)
`deck_structure_type`	107	Deck type (`1`=CIP Concrete, `2`=Precast, `3`=Open Grating)
`wearing_surface_type`	108A	Wearing surface (`0`=Monolithic, `1`=Bituminous, `4`=Epoxy)
`membrane_type`	108B	Waterproofing membrane (`0`=None, `1`=Built-up, `3`=Epoxy)
`deck_protection`	108C	Rebar protection (`0`=None, `1`=Epoxy, `2`=Galvanized, `4`=Cathodic)
`design_load`	031	Design load standard (`5`=MS18+, `A`=HL-93)
`num_spans_main`	045	Number of spans in main unit
`max_span_length`	048	Maximum span length (metres)
`structure_length`	049	Total structure length (metres)
`deck_width`	052	Out-to-out deck width (metres)
`scour_critical`	113	Scour criticality (`3`=Critical, `8`=Not critical, `N`=Not over water)

Operational

Column	NBI Item	Description
`adt`	029	Average Daily Traffic (vehicles/day)
`adtt_pct`	109	Truck percentage of ADT (%)
`operating_rating`	064	Operating load rating (metric tons)
`functional_class`	026	Route classification (`01`=Rural Interstate, `09`=Rural Local)

Condition Ratings (0–9 scale: 9=Excellent, 0=Failed)

Column	NBI Item	Description
`deck_cond`	058	Deck condition rating — primary ML target source
`superstructure_cond`	059	Superstructure condition rating
`substructure_cond`	060	Substructure condition rating
`culvert_cond`	062	Culvert condition rating (`N` for non-culverts)

Derived Features & Target

Column	Description
`bridge_id`	Synthetic primary key: `{state_code}_{county_code}_{structure_number}`
`age`	`year − year_built`; negative values set to NaN
`deck_area`	`deck_width × structure_length` (m²)
`deck_cond_num`	`deck_cond` cast to integer; culverts (`N`) filtered out
`future_deck_cond_5yr`	Deck rating at `year + 5`; NaN if no future inspection
`deck_drop_5yr`	ML target: 1 if deck dropped ≥1 point in 5yr, 0 if stable, NaN if censored/repaired

ML Target (`deck_drop_5yr`)

Binary classification: did this bridge's deck condition rating drop by ≥ 1 point within the next 5 years?

Value	Meaning
`1`	Deck rating at `t+5` is at least 1 point lower → deteriorated
`0`	Deck rating at `t+5` is the same → stable
`NaN`	Censored (no future inspection) or repaired (rating went up)

Positive rate: ~25% (5-year horizon). Rows from 2019–2023 are censored (no future data).

Data Quality Notes

Zero-encoded coordinates (LAT=00000000) are dropped.
Longitude values outside [-180, 0] are dropped.
Only NBI record type 1 (main records) is kept; continuation records are excluded.
Culverts (deck_cond = 'N') are excluded from the ML panel.
Duplicate bridge records (same bridge_id + year) are deduplicated by keeping the first.

Join Key

Join other bridgedeck datasets to NBI on:

(bridge_id, year) for time-varying datasets (PRISM, NOAA)
bridge_id for static datasets (NSHM, NFHL)
state_code for state-level datasets (Salt)

Related Datasets

Repo	Description
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-nbi`	This dataset — National Bridge Inventory, 2000–2023
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-prism`	PRISM climate features at bridge locations, 2000–2023
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-noaa`	NOAA storm event counts by county, 2000–2023
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-nshm`	USGS seismic hazard at bridge locations (static)
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-nfhl`	FEMA flood zone classification at bridge locations (static)
`sweetapricity/bridgedeck-salt`	USGS road salt tiers by state (static)

Paper

Ibrahim, A., Abdelkhalek, S., Zayed, T., Qureshi, A. H., & Mohammed Abdelkader, E. (2024). A comprehensive review of the key deterioration factors of concrete bridge decks. Buildings, 14(11), 3425.

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Bridgedeck — National Bridge Inventory (2000–2023)

Overview