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Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"The Chens' car has a dent in the bumper, but otherwise their car looks just like the Duncans'.",
"The Chens' car looks just like the Duncans', but theirs has a dent in the bumper."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun theirs could refer to the Chens' or the Duncans'.
The Chens' car looks just like the Duncans', but theirs has a dent in the bumper.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so... | |
What information supports the conclusion that Haley acquired this trait? | [
"Haley's friends like to make chili with her.",
"Haley learned how to make chili from a recipe book.",
"When Haley was young, her grandmother taught her how to cut chili peppers."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Haley knows how to make chili. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
The economist had been quietly publishing articles about the future of the housing market like a dutiful Cassandra. | [
"Greek mythology",
"a poem"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion Cassandra is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Cassandra is blessed with the power of prophecy; however, she is unable to convince others of her dire predictions due to a curse from the god Apollo.
The allusion Cassandra means a person who makes unheeded predictions of disaster. | |
What does this Works Cited entry indicate about the cited work?
Blake, William. The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake. Ed. David V. Erdman. New York: Anchor, 1988. Print. | [
"It is a book.",
"It is a short story.",
"It is a poem."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | reference-skills | Research skills | Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 7th edition) | When writing research papers, you will often be asked to follow a particular style guide for your citations. One popular style guide is the Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook.
Below are the basic formats for some common types of Works Cited entries. Consult the MLA Handbook for a complete list.
Books:
Format | ... | Look closely at the Works Cited entry:
Blake, William. The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake. Ed. David V. Erdman. New York: Anchor, 1988. Print.
You can tell that the cited work is a book because of the entry's formatting. Book entries always include the book title in italics followed by the place of publicat... | |
How long does it take to see all the animals at the zoo? | [
"3 minutes",
"3 hours"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to see all the animals at the zoo is 3 hours.
3 minutes is too fast. |
Based on this information, what is Fido's phenotype for the fur length trait? | [
"ff",
"long fur"
] | 1 | In a group of dogs, some individuals have short fur and others have long fur. In this group, the gene for the fur length trait has two alleles. The allele F is for short fur, and the allele f is for long fur.
Fido, a dog from this group, has long fur. Fido has two alleles for long fur. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Fido's observable version of the fur length trait is long fur. So, Fido's phenotype for the fur length trait is long fur. |
Which stick of butter has less thermal energy? | [
"the colder stick of butter",
"the hotter stick of butter"
] | 0 | Two sticks of butter are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two sticks of butter are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the colder stick of butter has less thermal energy. |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
"Michael's personality is very Jekyll and Hyde," Carrie told her brother. | [
"U.S. history",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Jekyll and Hyde is literature.
Robert Louis Stevenson's popular Victorian novella Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde tells the story of a man with two distinct personalities. Known to the world as a kind and highly respected doctor, at night he transforms into a monstrous person.
The allusion Jekyll and... | |
What do these two changes have in common?
a log decomposing in the woods
an old sandwich rotting in a trashcan | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
The breakdown of plant and animal matter by organisms such as fungi and earthworms is called decomposition. A log decomposing in the woods is a chemical change.
As the log breaks down, the type of matter in it changes. Over time, the log becomes softer and has a different smell.
A sandw... | |
How long is a parking space? | [
"22 feet",
"22 yards",
"22 miles",
"22 inches"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a parking space is 22 feet.
22 inches is too short. 22 yards and 22 miles are too long. |
Which correctly shows the title of a short story? | [
"\"The Story of a Mother\"",
"\"The story of a mother\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words of and a are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is "The Story of a Mother." | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Jackie insisted that her dog wasn't fat; she said that he was merely well-fed. | [
"euphemism",
"paradox"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
Well-fed is an indirect way of saying overweight. | |
Complete the sentence.
In this chemical reaction, hydrogen is a (). | [
"product",
"reactant"
] | 0 | This passage describes a chemical reaction. Read the passage. Then, follow the instructions below.
Like people on Earth, astronauts living on the International Space Station need oxygen to survive. Since there is no oxygen in space for the astronauts to breathe, they make oxygen using a process called electrolysis. Thi... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Identify reactants and products | A chemical change occurs when new substances are formed from existing substances. This process is called a chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, one or more substances change into one or more different substances. During the reaction, the atoms of the original substances are rearranged to form other substances.
Th... | Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to hydrogen in this chemical reaction.
Like people on Earth, astronauts living on the International Space Station need oxygen to survive. Since there is no oxygen in space for the astronauts to breathe, they make oxygen using a process called e... |
What information supports the conclusion that Steven acquired this trait? | [
"Some scars fade more quickly than others.",
"Steven's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his arm when he fell off his bicycle."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Steven has a scar on his right arm. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
What information supports the conclusion that Mabel inherited this trait? | [
"Mabel and her mother both have short hair.",
"Mabel's parents were born with wavy hair. They passed down this trait to Mabel."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Mabel has wavy hair. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Katharine Graham deserved to win a Pulitzer Prize in 1998.",
"Katharine Graham was the first female CEO of a Fortune 500 company."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | Statements of fact make claims that are based on research, observation, or experimentation. Facts can be proved with evidence.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
This statement is a fact. The statement can be verified by researching and comparing the height of each man.
Statements of opinion make claim... | The second sentence states a fact. It can be verified by looking up the history of CEOs of Fortune 500 companies.
Katharine Graham was the first female CEO of a Fortune 500 company.
The first sentence states an opinion. Deserved indicates a personal judgment.
Katharine Graham deserved to win a Pulitzer Prize in 1998. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Everything in this room is eatable, even I'm eatable! But that is called cannibalism, my dear children, and is in fact frowned upon in most societies.
—Willy Wonka in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory | [
"understatement",
"apostrophe"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance, chiasmus, understatement | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses understatement, which involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
Frowned upon in most societies is an understatement, since cannibalism—the eating of human flesh by another human being—is usually looked upon with horror. | |
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Brenna and her sisters drew a map of the United States and hung it on the wall.",
"This loaf of bread is almost stale, but we can make it into bread crumbs for the meatballs."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
aft... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction but.
This loaf of bread is almost stale, but we can make it into bread crumbs for the meatballs. | |
Which type of sentence is this?
Leonardo da Vinci, who was a renowned painter and sculptor, was also an inventor and scientist. | [
"compound",
"complex",
"compound-complex",
"simple"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is complex. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun who.
Leonardo da Vinci, who was a renowned painter and sculptor, was also an inventor and scientist. | |
Based on this information, what is Marlin's phenotype for the eye color trait? | [
"black eyes",
"ee"
] | 0 | In a group of koi fish, some individuals have red eyes and others have black eyes. In this group, the gene for the eye color trait has two alleles. The allele E is for red eyes, and the allele e is for black eyes.
Marlin, a koi fish from this group, has black eyes. Marlin has two alleles for black eyes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Marlin's observable version of the eye color trait is black eyes. So, Marlin's phenotype for the eye color trait is black eyes. |
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
tender - torn | [
"tray",
"thankful"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since thankful is between the guide words tender - torn, it would be found on that page. | |
Assume all other forces on Megan are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Megan? | [
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Megan.",
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Megan."
] | 1 | Megan is sitting on a roller coaster cart as it reaches the bottom of a big loop. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Megan with a force of 600N. The seat of the cart is pushing up on Megan with a force of 1,200N. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Megan, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Megan down with a force of 600 N.
The seat of the cart is pushing Megan up with a force of 1,200 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have different magnitudes: 600 N and 1,200 N. This means that the forces... |
How long is a long-distance running race? | [
"24 meters",
"24 kilometers",
"24 centimeters",
"24 millimeters"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 24 kilometers.
24 millimeters, 24 centimeters, and 24 meters are all too short. |
Which text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense? | [
"Wesley shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.",
"Wesley shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.
Wesley shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.
The first text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; very.
Wesley shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy s... | |
Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"\"A Kiss for Cinderella\"",
"***A Kiss for Cinderella***"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A movie should be in italics.
The correct title is **A Kiss for Cinderella**. | |
What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"This salsa could use a little more spice," Vijay said as he gulped down water and wiped tears from his eyes. | [
"The salsa was too spicy.",
"The salsa was tasteless."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Could use a little more spice ironically suggests that the salsa was too spicy. Vijay gulped down water and wiped tears from his eyes, indications that the salsa was indeed too spicy. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Jason can ride a motorcycle. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Riding a motorcycle well takes practice. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to ride a motorcycle. Instead, many people learn how to ride. So, riding a motorcycle is an acquired trait. |
Assume all other forces on Martin are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Martin? | [
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Martin.",
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Martin."
] | 0 | Martin is standing on a diving board at the pool. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Martin with a force of 400N. The diving board is pushing up on Martin with a force of 400N. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Martin, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Martin down with a force of 400 N.
The diving board is pushing Martin up with a force of 400 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have the same magnitude: 400 N. This means that the forces are balanced, so... |
Suppose Isabelle decides to bake bran muffins. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Isabelle will get to eat more muffins. She can make more bran muffins than chocolate muffins.",
"Isabelle will give up the chance to eat chocolate muffins. She thinks chocolate muffins are tastier than bran muffins."
] | 1 | Isabelle is deciding whether to bake chocolate muffins or bran muffins. She wants the muffins to be tasty. But she also wants to make a lot of muffins. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Isabelle wants or needs:
Isabelle will give up the chance to eat chocolate muffins. She thinks chocolate muffins are tastier than bran muffins. |
According to Newton's third law, what other force must be happening? | [
"The door is pushing on Kinsley's hand.",
"The door is pulling on Kinsley's hand."
] | 0 | Isaac Newton was born in the 1600s and studied how objects move. He discovered three fundamental laws about forces and motion. According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force.
Consider the following force:
Kinsley's hand is pushing on a door. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Predict forces using Newton's third law | According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force. This means that if one object is applying a force on a second object, the second object must also be applying a force on the first object, but in the opposite direction.
For example, if your hand is pushing down on a table, the tabl... | Kinsley's hand is pushing on the door. So, Newton's third law tells you that the door is pushing on Kinsley's hand. |
Suppose Meg decides to plant the magnolia tree. Which result would be a cost? | [
"The magnolia tree will use up more space than the hydrangeas would have used up.",
"Meg will get to look at the magnolia tree. She thinks it will look more beautiful than the hydrangeas would have looked."
] | 0 | Meg is deciding whether to plant hydrangeas or a magnolia tree in her backyard. She wants to make her backyard more beautiful. But she also wants to leave space for doing fun things. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Meg wants or needs:
The magnolia tree will use up more space than the hydrangeas would have used up. |
Which correctly shows the title of a song? | [
"\"Black or White\"",
"Black or White"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A song should be in quotation marks.
The correct title is "Black or White." | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Does the university directory list contact information for the head of the English department?",
"Does it list contact information for the head of the English department?"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it is used without its antecedent.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the university directory.
Does the university directory list contact information for the head of the ... | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Akiko teaches Audrey about customs in Japan. | [
"future tense",
"past tense",
"present tense"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, teaches. The verb ends in -es and tells you about something that is true or happening now. | |
How long is the Mississippi River? | [
"2,300 feet",
"2,300 inches",
"2,300 yards",
"2,300 miles"
] | 3 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of the Mississippi River is 2,300 miles.
2,300 inches, 2,300 feet, and 2,300 yards are all too short. |
The city of Fairview has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Fairview's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops? | [
"The supply will probably go up.",
"The supply will probably go down."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Fairview. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down. | |
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
harness - hotel | [
"hurdle",
"himself"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since himself is between the guide words harness - hotel, it would be found on that page. | |
How long does it take to sing the ABC song? | [
"26 seconds",
"26 minutes"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to sing the ABC song is 26 seconds.
26 minutes is too slow. |
Based on this information, what is Peanut's phenotype for the fur color trait? | [
"ff",
"brown fur"
] | 1 | In a group of rabbits, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele F is for black fur, and the allele f is for brown fur.
Peanut, a rabbit from this group, has brown fur. Peanut has two alleles for brown fur. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Peanut's observable version of the fur color trait is brown fur. So, Peanut's phenotype for the fur color trait is brown fur. |
Would you find the word impolite on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
ice - intense | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since impolite is between the guide words ice - intense, it would be found on that page. | |
Which type of sentence is this?
Kathleen is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years. | [
"simple",
"compound-complex",
"compound",
"complex"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound-complex. It is made up of two independent clauses and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun which.
Kathleen is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Emilio returned to the parking lot to find his car somewhat destroyed. Apparently someone had crashed into it while he was working and had broken the entire front windshield. | [
"euphemism",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Somewhat destroyed is a contradiction, because somewhat means partially or moderately, and destroyed implies totally wrecked. | |
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Later the sailors will wash the deck of the ship.",
"The sun came out, and the clouds in the sky disappeared."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction and.
The sun came out, and the clouds in the sky disappeared. | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Michelle investigate with an experiment? | [
"Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water get warmer when placed in a jar in the sun?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eigh... | 2 | Michelle leaves a glass jar of cold tea outside in full sunlight. When she goes to get it, she notices that the tea is warm. She wonders what factors affect how warm a liquid gets from sitting in the sunlight. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
two identical glass jars
tw... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Select the animal. | [
"Catfish swim underwater.",
"Oleander trees can grow colorful flowers."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A catfish is an animal. It swims underwater.
A catfish is a fish. Unlike most other fish, catfish do not have scales! They have slimy skin.
An oleander tree is a plant. It can grow colorful flowers.
There are over 400 different types of oleander plants. | |
The mom and dad push the strollers at the same speed. Which stroller is pushed with a larger force? | [
"a stroller with kid that weighs 22 pounds",
"a stroller with kid that weighs 28 pounds"
] | 1 | A mom, a dad, and two kids are going for a walk. The mom and the dad each push one of the kids in a stroller. The strollers are the same. But the kids are different sizes. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the stroller that is heavier.
A stroller holding a kid that weighs 28 pounds is heavier than a stroller holding a kid that weighs 22 pounds. So, the stroller holding the kid that weighs 28 pounds needs to be pushed with a larger force to start moving forward at the same speed as the other other stroller. |
Compare the motion of three cars. Which car was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a car that moved 435miles west in 10hours",
"a car that moved 655miles east in 10hours",
"a car that moved 400miles north in 10hours"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each car moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each car moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each car moved for 10 hours. The car that moved 400 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that car must have moved at the lowest speed. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Ling acquired this trait? | [
"Ling's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her arm when she fell off her bicycle.",
"Ling's sister has a bruise from falling on her elbow.",
"Ling's scar is on her right elbow. Her father also has a scar on his right elbow."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Ling has a scar on her right elbow. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
How long is an adult great white shark? | [
"6 inches",
"6 yards",
"6 feet"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of an adult great white shark is 6 yards.
6 inches and 6 feet are both too short. |
What information supports the conclusion that Melissa inherited this trait? | [
"Melissa's parents were born with wavy hair. They passed down this trait to Melissa.",
"Melissa and her mother both have short hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Melissa has wavy hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Select the one animal that has all of the reptile traits listed above. | [
"Coral snakes hatch from eggs with shells. They spend most of their time underground or hiding under leaves. Coral snakes have scaly, waterproof skin.",
"Bengal tigers are one of the world's largest living cats. They have black, white, and orange fur. Female Bengal tigers feed their offspring milk. Male Bengal ti... | 0 | Reptiles are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify reptiles:
They have scaly, waterproof skin.
They make eggs with shells. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Reptiles have the following traits:
They have scaly, waterproof skin.
They make eggs with shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A coral snake has the following t... |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Southern California usually gets strong winds in the fall and winter. People call them Santa Ana winds. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Southern California usually gets strong winds in the fall and winter. People call them Santa Ana winds.
This passage tells you about the usual wind pattern in Southern California. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
What do these two changes have in common?
chicken cooking in an oven
making paper from wood | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Cooking chicken is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the chicken to change. Cooked chicken and raw chicken are different types of matter.
Making paper from wood is a chemical change. Paper is made by mixing tiny pieces of wood with special chemicals. The wood reacts with ... | |
What is the mass of an apple? | [
"110 kilograms",
"110 grams"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an apple is 110 grams.
110 kilograms is too heavy. |
Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"See you soon,\nGabby",
"See You Soon,\nGabby"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Would you find the word blouse on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
board - bundle | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since blouse is not between the guide words board - bundle, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which phrase has a more positive connotation? | [
"a nosy person",
"an inquisitive person"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | vocabulary | Shades of meaning | Positive and negative connotation | Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a n... | An inquisitive person has a more positive connotation. Inquisitive and nosy both denote taking an interest in something. However, inquisitive suggests a healthy interest in learning more, while nosy suggests an inappropriate interest in other people's affairs. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
After Wanda cooked and served a scrumptious dinner, Dad boasted that she is the Julia Child of our family. | [
"simile",
"allusion"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
Julia Child alludes to the famous chef who is known for popularizing French cuisine in the United States. | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
The dry season in Emmett's hometown usually lasts from November to May. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
The dry season in Emmett's hometown usually lasts from November to May.
This passage tells you about the usual precipitation pattern where Emmett is from. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the fruit color trait? | [
"yellow fruit",
"red fruit"
] | 1 | In a group of tomato plants, some individuals have red fruit and others have yellow fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit color trait has two alleles. The allele for red fruit (F) is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit (f).
A certain tomato plant from this group has the heterozygous genotype Ff for the fru... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine the tomato plant's phenotype for the fruit color trait. First, consider the alleles in the plant's genotype for the fruit color gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for red fruit (F) is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit (f). This means F is a domin... |
Which sentence is more formal? | [
"There are some things that Ms. Stevenson wants to bring up at the next city council meeting.",
"Ms. Stevenson has several important proposals to discuss at the next city council meeting."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses overly simple or imprecise language (some things, bring up).
The first sentence uses more precise language, so it is more formal overall. | |
What is the mass of a skateboard? | [
"3 grams",
"3 kilograms"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a skateboard is 3 kilograms.
3 grams is too light. |
Many people around the world celebrate the new year on January 1. But many other people celebrate the new year on different days. Why? | [
"They want to celebrate during summer.",
"They think celebrating on January 1 is bad luck.",
"They use different calendars.",
"They are confused about what day it is."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | culture | Cultural celebrations | Lunar New Year | People celebrate the new year on different days because they use different calendars.
Which calendars do people use? | ||
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The book Charlotte's Web has an unhappy ending.",
"Written by E. B. White, Charlotte's Web was first printed in 1952."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The second sentence states a fact.
Written by E. B. White, Charlotte's Web was first printed in 1952.
It can be proved by checking inside the book's front cover.
The first sentence states an opinion.
The book Charlotte's Web has an unhappy ending.
Unhappy shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person m... | |
Select the temperature shown by this thermometer. | [
"120°F",
"95°F",
"105°F"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Weather and climate | Read a thermometer | A thermometer is a tool that measures temperature. Temperature can be measured in degrees. The symbol for degrees is °.
Some thermometers measure temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Fahrenheit is one scale used to measure temperature.
This is a tube thermometer. It has a tube filled with a red liquid.
There is a Fa... | Find the top of the red liquid.
Now look at the scale to the right. The top of the red liquid is halfway between 100 and 110. So, the temperature is 105°F. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Lexi, please stay away from the ocean. You shouldn't go in the water until you know how to swim. | [
"oxymoron",
"paradox"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a paradox, a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
You shouldn't go in the water until you know how to swim at first appears to be contradictory, because it is impossible to learn how to swim without going in the water. However, it contains some... | |
Use the evidence in the text to select the photosynthetic organism. | [
"Stinging nettle slug caterpillars are covered in sharp spines that protect them from predators. These caterpillars get the energy they need to live by eating leaves.",
"Aloe ferox plants have thick, spiny leaves and red flowers. These plants make sugars from carbon dioxide and water. The plants get the energy th... | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Photosynthesis | Identify the photosynthetic organism | Organisms that carry out photosynthesis are called photosynthetic organisms. During photosynthesis, these organisms use light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to produce sugars and oxygen.
Photosynthetic organisms also often have the following characteristics:
They are producers, which are organisms that make their ow... | This organism is photosynthetic:
The text tells you that Aloe ferox plants get energy from the sugars they make using carbon dioxide and water. This is evidence that the Aloe ferox plant is a photosynthetic organism.
This organism is not photosynthetic:
The text does not provide evidence that the stinging nettle slug c... | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Mrs. Harper informed her assistant that she had to book a flight to Seoul immediately.",
"Mrs. Harper told her assistant to book a flight to Cedarburg immediately."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Mrs. Harper or her assistant.
Mrs. Harper informed her assistant that she had to book a flight to Seoul immediately.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritte... | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Dad will love your surprise gift! | [
"future tense",
"past tense",
"present tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, love. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
By 1860, there were almost four million enslaved African American people in the United States. What is an enslaved person? | [
"a person who works for someone else for 4 to 7 years",
"a person who is owned by someone else",
"a person who is a criminal",
"a person who is drafted into the army"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | us-history | Early 19th century American history | Antebellum Period: abolitionist and proslavery perspectives | An enslaved person is a person who is owned by someone else. Slaveholders in the 1800 s had the power to sell, punish, and work an enslaved person.
By the antebellum period, or the time period leading up to the Civil War, African American people had been enslaved in North America for over 300 years. By 1860, there were... | ||
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Before Ken decided on a double major in history and Russian literature, he talked to them about the requirements for each major.",
"Before Ken decided on a double major in history and Russian literature, he talked to academic advisers about the requirements for each major."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun them is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Them has been replaced with academic advisers.
Before Ken decided on a double major in history and Russian literature, he tal... | |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
I used to love this TV show, but then I found out that Shane likes it, too. So I changed my opinion—if someone like Shane likes a show, it can't be as good as I thought! | [
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that a television show must be bad because someone the speaker hates enjoys it. However, this is not evidence that the show is bad. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association. | |
Select the mammal. | [
"bottlenose dolphin",
"red-headed poison frog",
"cane toad",
"parrotfish"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk. | A red-headed poison frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous.
A parrotfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Parrotfish have fins and live underwater nea... | |
Suppose Wanda decides to get the rainbow sherbet ice cream. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Wanda will give up the chance to eat the peach ice cream. She likes this flavor more than rainbow sherbet.",
"Wanda will get a free waffle cone. She will enjoy the waffle cone."
] | 0 | Wanda is deciding whether to get peach ice cream or rainbow sherbet ice cream. She likes peach more than rainbow sherbet. But a scoop of rainbow sherbet ice cream comes with a free waffle cone. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Wanda wants or needs:
Wanda will give up the chance to eat the peach ice cream. She likes this flavor more than rainbow sherbet. |
Using only these supplies, which question can Billy investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does vegetable oil separate faster when stirred together with vinegar or with water?",
"Does vinegar separate faster when stirred together with olive oil or with coconut oil?",
"Does vegetable oil separate faster when stirred together with cold water or with hot water?"
] | 0 | Billy mixes oil and vinegar to make salad dressing. He notices that after a few minutes, the oil and vinegar separate. He wonders what factors affect how quickly liquids separate. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
three glass bottles
olive oil
vegetable oil
vinegar
cold wa... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which correctly shows the title of a magazine? | [
"***Art of the West***",
"\"Art of the West\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A magazine should be in italics.
The correct title is **Art of the West**. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Alexa has naturally red hair. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 0 | Hint: Some people dye their hair. But this does not change their natural hair color. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Humans do not choose their natural hair color. Instead, children get their natural hair color from their parents. So, Alexa's hair color is an inherited trait. |
Complete the sentence.
A seedling is (). | [
"a young plant",
"a plant that makes seeds",
"a part of a seed"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Plants | Describe and construct conifer life cycles | Conifers are plants that grow cones. Conifers use their cones to reproduce, or make new plants like themselves. How do conifers use their cones to reproduce?
Conifers can grow male and female cones. Male cones make pollen, and female cones make eggs. Pollination is what happens when wind blows pollen from male cones on... | A seedling is a young plant. A seedling will grow into an adult plant. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Wendy acquired this trait? | [
"Wendy likes to look at butterflies and beetles.",
"Wendy learned to identify insects by reading many books about insects."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Wendy is good at identifying insects. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"After discussing the new research methods with Annie, Susan decided to try some of them out.",
"After Susan discussed the new research methods with Annie, she decided to try some of them out."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Susan or Annie.
After Susan discussed the new research methods with Annie, she decided to try some of them out.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so ... | |
What information supports the conclusion that Polly acquired this trait? | [
"Polly is most interested in human biology.",
"Polly learned biology by reading, observing, and experimenting."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Polly knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Based on this information, what is this fly's phenotype for the antenna type trait? | [
"mutated antennae",
"normal antennae"
] | 1 | This passage describes the antenna type trait in fruit flies:
In a group of fruit flies, some individuals have mutated antennae and others have normal antennae. In this group, the gene for the antenna type trait has two alleles. The allele for normal antennae (a) is recessive to the allele for mutated antennae (A).
A ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | The fruit fly's genotype for the antenna type gene is aa. The fruit fly's genotype of aa has only a alleles. The a allele is for normal antennae. So, the fruit fly's phenotype for the antenna type trait must be normal antennae.
To check this answer, consider whether the fruit fly's alleles are dominant or recessive. Th... |
Which type of sentence is this?
As Colton sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him. | [
"compound",
"compound-complex",
"simple",
"complex"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is complex. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction as.
As Colton sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him. | |
Suppose Charlotte decides to go on the roller coaster. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Charlotte will save some ride tickets. She needs fewer tickets to go on the roller coaster than on the flying bobsled.",
"Charlotte will give up the chance to go on the flying bobsled. She would have had more fun on that ride."
] | 1 | Charlotte is deciding which ride to go on at the fair. She can go on either the flying bobsled or the roller coaster. She wants to have as much fun as possible at the fair. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Charlotte wants or needs:
Charlotte will give up the chance to go on the flying bobsled. She would have had more fun on that ride. |
How long is a paper clip? | [
"25 millimeters",
"25 kilometers",
"25 meters"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a paper clip is 25 millimeters.
25 meters and 25 kilometers are both too long. |
What is the mass of a small candy bar? | [
"60 grams",
"60 kilograms"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a small candy bar is 60 grams.
60 kilograms is too heavy. |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Vince's remark about your new car is clearly a case of sour grapes. | [
"a fable",
"Greek mythology"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion sour grapes is a fable.
In the fable "The Fox and the Grapes," a fox tries unsuccessfully to reach a bunch of grapes. Because he cannot reach them and therefore cannot eat them, he tells himself that they must be sour.
The allusion sour grapes means criticizing something because you can't hav... | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
I must have eaten too much of Antonio's homemade chili, because now I'm so full I could explode! | [
"paradox",
"hyperbole"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
So full I could explode is an exaggeration, since it is clear that the speaker is not actually in danger of exploding. | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Ian will pitch the ball quickly. | [
"future tense",
"present tense",
"past tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pitch. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Based on this information, what is Lyla's genotype for the coat pattern gene? | [
"a black coat",
"aa"
] | 1 | In a group of leopards, some individuals have a spotted coat and others have a black coat. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele A is for a spotted coat, and the allele a is for a black coat.
Lyla, a leopard from this group, has a black coat. Lyla has two alleles for a black coa... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Lyla has two alleles for a black coat (a). So, Lyla's genotype for the coat pattern gene is aa. |
What does the idiom in this text suggest?
Mr. and Mrs. Erickson usually see eye to eye, but not when it comes to the controversial mayoral race. | [
"Mr. and Mrs. Erickson usually agree.",
"Mr. and Mrs. Erickson are not politically active."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom see eye to eye suggests that Mr. and Mrs. Erickson usually agree. When you see eye to eye with someone, you share their opinion. | |
Select the place that doesn't belong. | [
"hive",
"moon",
"den",
"nest"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Select the words that don't belong | Moon doesn't belong.
Nest, hive, and den all name places where groups of animals live. | ||
Which is a run-on sentence? | [
"All fish use gills for breathing underwater.",
"Grandpa teaches us how to play the fiddle it isn't easy."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | Grandpa teaches us how to play the fiddle it isn't easy is a run-on sentence. It has two sentences that are joined without end punctuation: Grandpa teaches us how to play the fiddle and It isn't easy. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The metal platter landed with a great clang, spraying bits of food across the kitchen floor and cabinets. | [
"onomatopoeia",
"verbal irony"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Clang represents the sound the metal platter made when it hit the floor. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Doug has a scar on his left leg. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"The jeweler carefully polished the ring once he had removed the precious gemstone from it.",
"After the jeweler removed the precious gemstone from the ring, he carefully polished it."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to the precious gemstone or the ring.
After the jeweler removed the precious gemstone from the ring, he carefully polished it.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been re... | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Mike accidentally bumped into the waiter, and food splattered all over Mike's shirt.",
"Mike accidentally bumped into the waiter, and food splattered all over his shirt."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns and antecedents | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun his could refer to Mike's or the waiter's.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. His has been replaced with Mike's.
Mike accidentally bumped into the waiter, and food splattered all over Mike's shirt. | |
What is the mass of a dinner fork? | [
"85 grams",
"85 kilograms"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a dinner fork is 85 grams.
85 kilograms is too heavy. |
Which sentence is more formal? | [
"Andrew Carnegie made tons of dough when he sold his steel company to John Pierpont Morgan in 1901.",
"Andrew Carnegie became one of the world's richest men after selling his steel company to John Pierpont Morgan in 1901."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses slang (tons of dough).
The first sentence uses formal language in place of the slang, so it is more formal overall. | |
How long does it take to do ten jumping jacks? | [
"21 minutes",
"21 seconds"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to do ten jumping jacks is 21 seconds.
21 minutes is too slow. |
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