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Complete the sentence.
An iceberg melting slowly is a (). | [
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Identify physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. When paper gets hot enough, it reacts with oxygen in the air and burn... | An iceberg melting is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. An iceberg is made of frozen water. As it melts, the water changes from a solid to a liquid. But a different type of matter is not formed. | |
Is a sandwich a good or a service? | [
"a good",
"a service"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | economics | Economics | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether a sandwich is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a sandwich something you can touch? Yes.
Is a sandwich a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a sandwich is a good. | |
What does this Works Cited entry indicate about the cited work?
Davis, Lydia. Samuel Johnson is Indignant: Stories. Brooklyn: McSweeney's Books, 2001. Print. | [
"It is an article.",
"It is a short story.",
"It is a book."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | reference-skills | Research skills | Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 7th edition) | When writing research papers, you will often be asked to follow a particular style guide for your citations. One popular style guide is the Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook.
Below are the basic formats for some common types of Works Cited entries. Consult the MLA Handbook for a complete list.
Books:
Format | ... | Look closely at the Works Cited entry:
Davis, Lydia. Samuel Johnson is Indignant: Stories. Brooklyn: McSweeney's Books, 2001. Print.
You can tell that the cited work is a book because of the entry's formatting. Book entries always include the book title in italics followed by the place of publication, the publisher nam... | |
Select the part whose main job is to sort and package proteins and other substances in an animal cell. | [
"chromosomes",
"Golgi",
"nucleus",
"vacuoles"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Cells | Identify functions of animal cell parts | Animal cells are made up of many different parts. Each cell part has a function that helps the cell survive and grow.
Some cell parts are called organelles. Organelles are cell structures that are surrounded by their own membranes. Here are some of the organelles in animal cells:
Mitochondria help the cell get the ener... | The Golgi sorts and packages proteins and other substances for the cell. The Golgi sends some of these substances to parts of the cell where they are needed. It sends other substances to the cell membrane, where they are released from the cell. | |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The United States Civil War began in 1861.",
"The United States Civil War was the saddest war."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true. Facts can be proved by observing, measuring, or studying information.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at the flag and counting the number of stripes.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or fe... | The first sentence states a fact.
The United States Civil War began in 1861.
It can be proved by looking up the year that the United States Civil War started.
The second sentence states an opinion.
The United States Civil War was the saddest war.
Saddest shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person mi... | |
Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Abby spilled apple juice on the carpet.",
"The cardboard box gets wet, it falls apart."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | Abby spilled apple juice on the carpet is a complete sentence. The subject is Abby, and the verb is spilled. | |
Which phrase has a more negative connotation? | [
"slam the door",
"shut the door"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | vocabulary | Shades of meaning | Positive and negative connotation | Connotation is the feeling or idea that goes along with a word or phrase. Some words are close in meaning but have different connotations.
For example, think about the words eager and impatient. They both mean wanting something to happen, but they have different connotations.
Eager has a positive connotation. It is a n... | Slam the door has a more negative connotation. If you slam the door, you shut it in a loud and angry way. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Patty acquired this trait? | [
"Patty likes to visit sunflower fields.",
"Last summer, Patty's neighbor showed her how to grow sunflowers.",
"Both Patty and her father grow sunflowers."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Patty knows how to grow sunflowers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which egg has a lower temperature? | [
"the egg with less thermal energy",
"the egg with more thermal energy"
] | 0 | Two eggs are identical except for their thermal energies. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two eggs are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the egg with less thermal energy has a lower temperature. |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Trevor has a scar on his left elbow. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Most scars are caused by accidents during a person's life. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. |
Which correctly shows the title of a TV show? | [
"Legends of Chima",
"legends of chima"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word of is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Legends of Chima. | |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
The thing that makes Hassan stand out as a remarkable cellist is that he's a marvelous musician who plays the cello splendidly. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Hassan is a remarkable cellist because he plays the cello well. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning. | |
Which statement describes the boy's motion? | [
"The boy has a constant velocity.",
"The boy is accelerating."
] | 1 | A boy is turning to the left as he rides a merry-go-round at a constant speed. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Identify whether objects are accelerating | An object's velocity describes its speed and its direction.
An object has a constant velocity when neither its speed nor its direction is changing. So, an object has a constant velocity when the object is:
moving in a straight line at a constant speed, or
remaining motionless.
If an object does not have a constant velo... | The boy is changing direction. So, the boy is accelerating. |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Lola has two arms and two legs. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1 | Hint: Lola was born with two arms and two legs. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Most humans are born with two arms and two legs. So, having two arms and two legs is an inherited trait. |
Which sentence uses a simile? | [
"Ken's eyes are as green as emeralds.",
"Ken's eyes are bright green emeralds."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | This sentence uses a simile:
Ken's eyes are as green as emeralds.
The words eyes and emeralds are compared using the word as.
This sentence uses a metaphor:
Ken's eyes are bright green emeralds.
The words eyes and emeralds are compared without the word like or as. | |
Compare the motion of two fish. Which fish was moving at a lower speed? | [
"a fish that moved 5kilometers in 10hours",
"a fish that moved 30kilometers in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each fish moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One fish moved 5 kilometers in 10 hours.
The other fish moved 30 kilometers in 10 hours.
Notice that each fish spent the same amount of time moving. The fish that moved 5 kilometers moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that fish must... | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
In the darkness, Rose strained her eyes. | [
"past tense",
"present tense",
"future tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, strained. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened. | |
How long does it take to toast bread in the toaster? | [
"2 seconds",
"2 minutes"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to toast bread in the toaster is 2 minutes.
2 seconds is too fast. |
Which type of sentence is this?
As Alvin sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him. | [
"complex",
"simple",
"compound",
"compound-complex"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is complex. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction as.
As Alvin sat down on the rickety old chair, it abruptly collapsed beneath him. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Hansen has a scar on his right hand. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
milk going sour
rust forming on a metal gate | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Milk going sour is a chemical change. The type of matter in the milk slowly changes. The new matter that is formed gives the milk its sour taste.
Rust forming on a metal gate is a chemical change. As the gate rusts, the metal turns into a different type of matter called rust. Rust is re... | |
Which correctly shows the title of a newspaper? | [
"News Sun and Evening Star",
"News Sun and Evening star"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word and is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is News Sun and Evening Star. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Ethan inherited this trait? | [
"Ethan's biological mother often wears her naturally brown hair in a bun.",
"Ethan and his siblings all have naturally straight hair.",
"Ethan and his biological father have short hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Ethan has naturally brown hair. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
How long is a tennis racket? | [
"65 kilometers",
"65 centimeters"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 16 long. You might be thinking, 16 what? Is the pencil 16 centimeters long? 16 meters? 16 kilometers?
The number 16 on its own does not give you much informa... | The better estimate for the length of a tennis racket is 65 centimeters.
65 kilometers is too long. |
How long is a sofa? | [
"10 inches",
"10 feet",
"10 miles",
"10 yards"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a sofa is 10 feet.
10 inches is too short. 10 yards and 10 miles are too long. |
Is there a surplus or a shortage of tennis rackets? | [
"shortage",
"surplus"
] | 0 | Tennis rackets are on sale for $40. The sporting goods store has 50 rackets available for sale. At that price, 65 people want to buy one. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Identify shortage and surplus | There is a surplus if there is too much for sale at a given price.
There is a shortage if there is not enough for sale at a given price.
Surpluses and shortages usually happen when people who are selling goods or services charge too much or too little.
When the price is too high, consumers will not want to buy much of ... | At the current price, there are not enough tennis rackets for sale. There are 50 rackets for sale, but 65 people want to buy one.
So, there is a shortage of tennis rackets. |
How long does it take to mow the lawn? | [
"37 minutes",
"37 hours"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to mow the lawn is 37 minutes.
37 hours is too slow. |
What does the allusion in this text suggest?
Al Gore had a long career in politics as a congressman and vice president, but he met his Waterloo in the 2000 presidential election, when he lost to George W. Bush. | [
"He suffered a crushing defeat.",
"He had his finest moment."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked. | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
The allusion met his Waterloo suggests that he suffered a crushing defeat. It refers to the French emperor Napoleon, who suffered his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. | |
How long is a walk across Central Park in New York City? | [
"2 millimeters",
"2 meters",
"2 kilometers",
"2 centimeters"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a walk across Central Park in New York City is 2 kilometers.
2 millimeters, 2 centimeters, and 2 meters are all too short. |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
How could Candice have anything insightful to say about foreign affairs? She grew up on a farm. | [
"ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Candice cannot be insightful about foreign affairs because she grew up on a farm. This is a personal attack that isn't relevant to whether she knows about foreign affairs. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as ad hominem. | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Mrs. Kemp was overjoyed when she saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years.",
"When Mrs. Kemp saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years, she was overjoyed."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Mrs. Kemp or her granddaughter.
When Mrs. Kemp saw her granddaughter for the first time in two years, she was overjoyed.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewr... | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Bryce dropped out of college to travel the world, but a year later, the prodigal son returned home and re-enrolled. | [
"the Bible",
"Greek mythology"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion prodigal son is the Bible.
In a Biblical parable, the prodigal son irresponsibly spends the inheritance given to him by his father. When he returns home, he expects to be shamed, but his father forgives him.
The allusion prodigal son means a person who behaves recklessly but later makes a rep... | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Janelle baked banana bread with nuts. | [
"future tense",
"past tense",
"present tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, baked. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened. | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Sarah asked Erica to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting because she has a gluten allergy.",
"Because Erica has a gluten allergy, Sarah asked her to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Sarah or Erica.
Sarah asked Erica to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting because she has a gluten allergy.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has... | |
How long is a garden snail? | [
"38 kilometers",
"38 millimeters",
"38 meters",
"38 centimeters"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a garden snail is 38 millimeters.
38 centimeters, 38 meters, and 38 kilometers are all too long. |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Finn has naturally blond hair. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 0 | Hint: Some people dye their hair. But this does not change their natural hair color. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Humans do not choose their natural hair color. Instead, children get their natural hair color from their parents. So, Finn's hair color is an inherited trait. |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Darnel described the situation he was facing with his boss as a catch-22. | [
"a song",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion catch-22 is literature.
Joseph Heller coined the term "catch-22" in his 1961 novel of the same name. In the novel, if an army pilot wants to avoid dangerous missions, he must be deemed mentally unfit; however, his desire to stay safe proves his sanity, so he can never be excused from a missio... | |
What is the volume of a teakettle? | [
"9 cups",
"9 gallons",
"9 fluid ounces"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a teakettle is 9 cups.
9 fluid ounces is too little and 9 gallons is too much. |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Sue orders a roast beef sandwich. | [
"present tense",
"future tense",
"past tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, orders. The verb ends in -s and tells you about something that is true or happening now. | |
Select the one animal that has all of the mammal traits listed above. | [
"Black howler monkeys have loud calls, or howls. The howls can be heard over three miles away! Howler monkeys have fur and feed their offspring milk.",
"Smooth newts have moist, smooth skin with black spots. Young smooth newts hatch from eggs without shells. They live in streams or ponds until they are about ten ... | 0 | Mammals are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify mammals:
They feed their offspring milk.
They have fur or hair. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Mammals have the following traits:
They feed their offspring milk.
They have fur or hair.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A smooth newt has the following traits:
I... |
Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Many thanks,\nLeslie",
"many thanks,\nLeslie"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The sitting U.S. president's airplane, Air Force One, is the most important symbol of the American government.",
"It costs over two hundred thousand dollars per hour to fly Air Force One, the official airplane of the President of the United States."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved by research or observation.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
The statement above is a fact. The statement can be proved by researching the height of each man and comparing them.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot ... | The second sentence states a fact.
It costs over two hundred thousand dollars per hour to fly Air Force One, the official airplane of the President of the United States.
It can be proved by reading about Air Force One on the White House website.
The first sentence states an opinion.
The sitting U.S. president's airplan... | |
Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a sailboat that moved 65kilometers west in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 55kilometers north in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 90kilometers east in 10hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects mov... | Look at the distance each sailboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each sailboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each sailboat moved for 10 hours. The sailboat that moved 55 kilometers moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that sailboat must have moved at the lowest ... | |
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"The weather might be nice, or it could start to rain.",
"The beavers gnaw on logs by the riverbank."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction or.
The weather might be nice, or it could start to rain. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Tim inherited this trait? | [
"Tim's biological mother has long hair. Tim also has long hair.",
"Tim uses a headband to keep his wavy hair out of his face.",
"Tim's biological parents have wavy hair."
] | 2 | Read the description of a trait.
Tim has wavy hair. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
All organisms need food for energy. But how does an organism's body actually get energy out of food?
Select the true statement. | [
"Cells usually take in large food molecules.",
"Cells use energy to promote the organism's growth."
] | 1 | Food supplies an organism with many small, energy-rich molecules. These molecules are taken in by the organism's cells. Inside cells, the molecules from food are broken down to release energy that cells can use. This energy powers cell processes that allow the entire organism to grow and live. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Biochemistry | Understanding the chemistry of cellular respiration | ||
What kind of sentence is this?
Besides being the seat of our national government, Washington, D.C., is home to an impressive array of free museums. | [
"declarative",
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
What kind of sentence is this?
Does Helen have any hobbies? | [
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Bernard acquired this trait? | [
"Bernard's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his leg when he fell off his skateboard.",
"Bernard's scar is on his left knee. His mother also has a scar on her left knee.",
"Bernard's brother has scars on both of his knees."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Bernard has a scar on his left knee. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Sarah asked Julia to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting because she has a gluten allergy.",
"Because Julia has a gluten allergy, Sarah asked her to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Sarah or Julia.
Sarah asked Julia to make a flourless chocolate cake for their book club meeting because she has a gluten allergy.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has... | |
Compare the motion of two motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at a lower speed? | [
"a motorboat that moved 265kilometers in 10hours",
"a motorboat that moved 505kilometers in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects... | Look at the distance each motorboat moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One motorboat moved 265 kilometers in 10 hours.
The other motorboat moved 505 kilometers in 10 hours.
Notice that each motorboat spent the same amount of time moving. The motorboat that moved 265 kilometers moved a shorter distance in... | |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
In the middle of the grueling hike, I encountered a bubbling stream that () me to stop for a drink. | [
"enabled",
"invited"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word invited. It describes the stream as if it were a person who offers an invitation. | |
Answer the riddle.
You can eat me.
I am sweet.
Bees make me.
What am I? | [
"ice cream",
"honey"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | You can eat honey.
Honey is sweet.
Bees make honey. | ||
Select the animal. | [
"Redwood trees have small leaves.",
"Aloe vera has spiny leaves.",
"Oak trees can have thick branches.",
"Koalas eat leaves."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | Aloe vera is a plant. It has spiny leaves.
Aloe vera leaves contain a watery liquid. People use this liquid in lotion and medicine.
An oak tree is a plant. It can have thick branches.
Acorns grow on oak trees. Acorns are small nuts with a seed inside.
A redwood tree is a plant. It has small leaves.
Redwood trees have f... | |
Which object has the most thermal energy? | [
"a 200-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 56°C",
"a 200-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 41°C",
"a 200-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 39°C"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | All three cups of black tea have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 56°C cup of black tea is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy. |
Which word is not like the others? | [
"house",
"apartment",
"road",
"cabin"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Which word is not like the others? | Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family. | House, apartment, and cabin go together. They are places to live. Road is not a place to live, so it is not like the other words. | |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
I don't trust Professor Stewart's findings. Another researcher at her university was caught falsifying data. So, it's likely Professor Stewart has, too. | [
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Professor Stewart's research is untrustworthy because someone else at her university was caught falsifying data. However, this isn't necessarily true. The practices of one researcher at a university do not necessarily reflect the practices of another researcher at the same university. This illustra... | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"After scouring the classified ads for days, Paul finally found a used car that fit his budget. The sedan had Bluetooth, but it needed to be fixed.",
"After scouring the classified ads for days, Paul finally found a used car that fit his budget. The sedan needed to be fixed, but it had Bluetooth."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to the sedan or Bluetooth.
After scouring the classified ads for days, Paul finally found a used car that fit his budget. The sedan had Bluetooth, but it needed to be fixed.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for th... | |
What is the volume of armos? | [
"4 fluid ounces",
"4 gallons",
"4 cups"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a thermos is 4 cups.
4 fluid ounces is too little and 4 gallons is too much. |
Which object has the most thermal energy? | [
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 101°F",
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 70°F",
"a blueberry muffin at a temperature of 89°F"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | All three blueberry muffins have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 101°F muffin is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy. |
Based on this information, what is this trout's phenotype for the body color trait? | [
"a blue body",
"a greenish-brown body"
] | 0 | In a group of rainbow trout, some individuals have a greenish-brown body and others have a blue body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele for a greenish-brown body (B) is dominant over the allele for a blue body (b).
A certain rainbow trout from this group has the homozygous gen... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | The rainbow trout's genotype for the body color gene is bb. The rainbow trout's genotype of bb has only b alleles. The b allele is for a blue body. So, the rainbow trout's phenotype for the body color trait must be a blue body.
To check this answer, consider whether the rainbow trout's alleles are dominant or recessive... |
Which glas of water has a lower temperature? | [
"the glass of water with more thermal energy",
"the glass of water with less thermal energy"
] | 1 | Two 400-gram glasses of water are identical except for their thermal energies. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two glasses of water are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the glass of water with less thermal energy has a lower temperature. |
Which type of sentence is this?
Raymond always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | [
"simple",
"compound",
"complex",
"compound-complex"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and.
Raymond always approaches difficult tasks enthusiastically, and he frequently motivates others with his energy and fervor. | |
What kind of sentence is this?
That huge cruise ship even has a small amusement park on it! | [
"exclamatory",
"declarative",
"interrogative"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence tells about something, but it shows surprise and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence. | |
How long does it take to tie your shoes? | [
"21 minutes",
"21 seconds"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to tie your shoes is 21 seconds.
21 minutes is too slow. |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Patty,",
"dear Patty,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Patty is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
You've reached Adam Cheng's voice mail. Please leave a detailed message at the beep, and I will return your call at my earliest convenience. | [
"verbal irony",
"onomatopoeia"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Beep represents the sound that tells the caller to start recording a message. | |
What kind of sentence is this?
Do you know Donald from soccer camp, or do you have another connection with him? | [
"imperative",
"interrogative",
"declarative"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Ted says that he would not be the person he is today were it not for his childhood, which he describes as Dickensian. | [
"a poem",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Dickensian is literature.
The works of British author Charles Dickens often featured characters struggling to survive in settings such as debtors' prisons and orphanages.
The allusion Dickensian means harsh or poverty-stricken. | |
Is this a run-on sentence?
In 1227, Genghis Khan, the Mongol leader who conquered much of Central Asia, died he was buried in an unmarked grave, and its location remains a mystery today. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify run-on sentences | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma s... | This is a run-on sentence. It is formed from two sentences run together, joined without punctuation.
In 1227, Genghis Khan, the Mongol leader who conquered much of Central Asia, died he was buried in an unmarked grave, and its location remains a mystery today.
Here is one way to fix the run-on sentence:
In 1227, Genghi... | |
Which of the following parts does an animal cell have? | [
"cytoplasm",
"cell wall"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Cells | Compare plant and animal cells | Plant and animal cells have many parts in common, but not all. This table shows some of their similarities and differences.
Cell part | Plant cell | Animal cell
cell wall | yes | no
cell membrane | yes | yes
cytoplasm | yes | yes
mitochondria | yes | yes
vacuole | yes | yes
chloroplasts | yes | no
nucleus | yes | yes
c... | ||
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
salad - simple | [
"shriek",
"steam"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since shriek is between the guide words salad - simple, it would be found on that page. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
a slice of banana turning brown
burning a marshmallow over a campfire | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
A slice of banana turning brown is a chemical change. The part of the banana in contact with the air reacts with oxygen and turns into a different type of matter.
Burning a marshmallow is a chemical change. The heat from the fire causes the type of matter in the marshmallow to change. T... | |
What do these two changes have in common?
burning food on a stove
water boiling on a stove | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Food burning on a stove is a chemical change. The type of matter in the food changes. The food turns black and gives off smoke.
Water boiling on the stove is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.
Step... | |
Select the action that doesn't belong. | [
"roast",
"boil",
"bake",
"wash"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Select the words that don't belong | Wash doesn't belong.
Bake, roast, and boil all name ways to cook things. | ||
Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"A computer processor is made in a factory. It is a solid.",
"Native copper is a solid. It is a pure substance.",
"Magnetite is a solid. It is a pure substance."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Native copper is a mineral.
A computer processor is made in a factory. But all minerals are formed in nature.
So, a computer processor is not a mineral.
Magnetite is a mineral. | |
Based on this information, what is Felicia's genotype for the ear type gene? | [
"straight ears",
"ee"
] | 1 | In a group of American curl cats, some individuals have curled ears and others have straight ears. In this group, the gene for the ear type trait has two alleles. The allele E is for curled ears, and the allele e is for straight ears.
Felicia, an American curl cat from this group, has straight ears. Felicia has two all... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Felicia has two alleles for straight ears (e). So, Felicia's genotype for the ear type gene is ee. |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"The region north of the Arctic Circle is the most miserable place on earth.",
"North of the Arctic Circle, there are days when the sun does not completely rise or set."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true. Facts can be proved by observing, measuring, or studying information.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at the flag and counting the number of stripes.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or fe... | The second sentence states a fact.
North of the Arctic Circle, there are days when the sun does not completely rise or set.
It can be proved by looking up information about the Arctic Circle.
The first sentence states an opinion.
The region north of the Arctic Circle is the most miserable place on earth.
Most miserable... | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
After Gabrielle cooked and served a scrumptious dinner, Dad boasted that she is the Julia Child of our family. | [
"allusion",
"pun"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
Julia Child alludes to the famous chef who is known for popularizing French cuisine in the United States. | |
Which professional objective on a résumé is more formal? | [
"I want a job where I can travel a lot and hopefully manage people someday.",
"I seek a position with opportunities for travel and advancement."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second professional objective on a résumé is more formal. It uses more elevated language (I seek a position, opportunities for travel and advancement). The other professional objective uses casual language (want a job, a lot) and sounds more conversational. | |
What information supports the conclusion that Riley inherited this trait? | [
"Riley and her mother both wear their hair in braids.",
"Riley's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Riley."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Riley has red hair. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Based on this information, what is Squeaky's phenotype for the albinism trait? | [
"having albinism",
"not having albinism"
] | 1 | This passage describes the albinism trait in rats:
In a group of rats, some individuals have albinism and others do not. In this group, the gene for the albinism trait has two alleles. The allele for having albinism (a) is recessive to the allele for not having albinism (A).
Squeaky is a rat from this group. Squeaky h... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | You need to determine Squeaky's phenotype for the albinism trait. First, consider the alleles in Squeaky's genotype for the albinism gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for having albinism (a) is recessive to the allele for not having albinism (A). This means A is a dominant a... |
What is the mass of an elephant? | [
"6,690 grams",
"6,690 kilograms"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an elephant is 6,690 kilograms.
6,690 grams is too light. |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Dr. Patterson is unhappy with her new assistant because simple tasks, like fetching coffee, take him years to finish. | [
"euphemism",
"hyperbole"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
Take him years to finish is an exaggeration, since it probably does not take him entire years to fetch coffee. | |
What does the allusion in this text suggest?
When Pam claimed she had loaded the dishwasher before turning on Dancing with the Stars, her mother replied, "Your nose is growing!" | [
"Pam was lying.",
"Pam was trustworthy."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked. | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
The allusion nose is growing suggests that Pam was lying. In the story of Pinocchio, when Pinocchio lies, his nose grows longer. | |
Select the animal. | [
"Lynx eat animals.",
"Walnut trees have many green leaves."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A walnut tree is a plant. It has many green leaves.
People pick and eat walnuts from walnut trees. Walnuts are the tree's seeds!
A lynx is an animal. It eats animals.
Lynx have padded feet to help them walk on snow. | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Where Jack lives, winter is the rainiest season of the year. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Where Jack lives, winter is the rainiest season of the year.
This passage tells you about the usual precipitation where Jack lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | |
Complete the statement.
During this chemical reaction, the car engine becomes (). | [
"colder",
"warmer"
] | 1 | When a chemical reaction absorbs or releases thermal energy, the reaction causes a change in temperature. Read the passage about a chemical reaction that absorbs or releases thermal energy. Then, follow the instructions below.
The gasoline used in cars today is a mixture of over 1,000 different substances. One of these... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Describe energy changes in chemical reactions | During a chemical reaction, thermal energy is absorbed or released as heat. This transfer of thermal energy changes the temperature of the reaction's surroundings. The surroundings are everything around the reaction, such as the solution that the reaction takes place in or the air nearby.
Some reactions release thermal... | To determine whether the car engine becomes warmer or colder, look for the text that describes the movement of thermal energy during the reaction.The gasoline used in cars today is a mixture of over 1,000 different substances. One of these substances is isooctane (C8 H18). In a car engine, isooctane reacts with oxygen ... |
Complete the sentence.
In an election, people choose their representatives and leaders by (). | [
"passing laws",
"voting",
"giving speeches",
"drawing names randomly"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | civics | Government | Presidential elections | In an election, people choose representatives and leaders by voting. When people vote, they officially make their choice in an important decision. Each person's choice is called a vote. Votes are counted up to decide who wins the election.
In the United States, people use elections to choose many of the country's most ... | ||
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Coffee beans are the seeds of the coffee plant.",
"The airport is closed, so we will have to take the train."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction so.
The airport is closed, so we will have to take the train. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Despite having won multiple teaching awards over the course of his career, the professor was best known for his stentorian voice. | [
"the Bible",
"Greek mythology"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion stentorian is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Stentor was a herald who could shout as loudly as fifty men.
The allusion stentorian means resounding. | |
What kind of sentence is this?
Do you usually prefer your orange juice with pulp or without pulp? | [
"interrogative",
"declarative",
"imperative"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence. | |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The broken-down car () oil onto the concrete driveway. | [
"bled",
"leaked"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word bled. It describes the broken-down car as if it were a person who was bleeding. | |
Would you find the word velvet on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
vanish - victory | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since velvet is between the guide words vanish - victory, it would be found on that page. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
When Ashley first joined the track team, she was afraid of jumping, but she got over that hurdle. | [
"pun",
"verbal irony"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses a pun, a word or phrase that humorously suggests more than one meaning.
Hurdle refers to an obstacle that one must overcome. It also refers to an object that a runner jumps over. | |
Complete the sentence.
Filtering air to remove dust and pollen is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Filtering air to remove dust and pollen is a physical change. The air flows through the filter, and the pollen and dust stay behind. This separates the mixture of air, pollen, and dust. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter. | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Mariana investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do sunflowers grow taller if they are planted in planter boxes or in pots?",
"Do sunflowers grow bigger in sunny planter boxes or in shady planter boxes?",
"Which type of sunflower grows more leaves?"
] | 1 | Mariana wants to grow sunflowers in her backyard garden. She notices that some sunflowers grow much taller than others. She is curious about what factors affect how sunflowers grow. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
seeds from one type of sunflower
soil
one wooden plante... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which correctly shows the title of a song? | [
"\"Eight Days a Week\"",
"\"eight Days a Week\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word a is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is "Eight Days a Week." | |
Select the invertebrate. | [
"clownfish",
"fireworm",
"macaw",
"common snapping turtle"
] | 1 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms are invertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | A macaw is a bird. Like other birds, a macaw is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A clownfish is a fish. Like other fish, a clownfish is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A fireworm is a worm. Like other worms, a fireworm is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has a soft body.
A common snapping turtle is a r... |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
How could I possibly have time to wash the dishes when so much carbon dioxide is being spewed into the atmosphere on a daily basis? | [
"red herring: the use of a completely unrelated topic or idea",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere somehow prevents the speaker from washing the dishes. However, these two ideas aren't related. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a red herring. |
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