discourse_id
stringlengths
12
12
essay_id
stringlengths
12
12
discourse_text
stringlengths
4
4.1k
discourse_type
stringclasses
7 values
discourse_effectiveness
stringclasses
3 values
a6bace3a7ea9
64EE7AB92E51
I think that the use of the technology to read the emotional expressions of students in a classroom is extremely valuable
Position
Adequate
990df9f5498f
64EE7AB92E51
The reason why the use of this technology would be very valuable is becuase,imagine a computer that knows when your're happy or sad.
Claim
Adequate
74f9690ffef2
64EE7AB92E51
For example , if you smile when a web ad appears on your screen .a simliar ad might follow. But of you frown, the next ad will be different.
Evidence
Adequate
c9e86f1f9ae0
64EE7AB92E51
First, She's 83 percent happy, 9 percent disgusted, 6 percent fearful, and 2 percent angry. No that's not your science teacher, grading your latest lad assignment. It's the subject of leonardo da vinci's renaissance painting, Mona Lisa- at least according to some newsoftware that can recognize emotions.
Evidence
Ineffective
c6afc79c571c
64EE7AB92E51
Imagine if "A classroom could recognize when a student is becoming confused or bored," Dr. uang predicts. " then it could modify the lesson, like an effective human instructor."
Claim
Adequate
a375e65e2268
64EE7AB92E51
The same technology can make computer- animated facs more expressive-for video games or video surgery.
Evidence
Adequate
af5cbf32d48b
64EE7AB92E51
Second,"Most human communication is nonverbal, including emotional communication," notes Dr. Huang. "So computers need to understand that, too."
Claim
Adequate
36c31ee82797
64EE7AB92E51
Your home PC can't handle the complex algorithms used to decode Mona Lisa's smile. But we can write down some simple instructions that "encode" different emotions. Eckman has classified six basic emotions- happiness, surprise, anger, disgust, fear, and sadness- and then associated each with characteristic movements of ...
Evidence
Ineffective
5a0bb2b022dc
64EE7AB92E51
Third, "The facial expression for each emotion are universal," observes Dr. Huang, "
Claim
Adequate
c4cd4d1deaea
64EE7AB92E51
even though individuals often show varying degrees of expressions"(like not smiling as broadly). Using video imagery, the new emotion - recognition software tracks theese facial movements- ina real face or on the painted face of Mona Lisa. By weighting the different units, the software can even identitfy mixed emotions...
Evidence
Ineffective
5c00ac2bfaca
64EE7AB92E51
In conlusion, the use of this technology is very, no extremely important in shcools because it can give the teachers and the principles and idea how to get the students to learn better on what is being taught. The technology can also give the teachers and idea of who is bored or tired, or even who is having a bad, or f...
Concluding Statement
Adequate
e5347ccfc358
64F2F1AEDE19
Luke had no idea that his life would change so soon after his high school graduation. He was working two part-time jobs in agrocey store and a bank when his friend Don invited him to go to Europe on a cattle boat. Luke couldn't say no. In 1945, World War 2 was over in Europe,and manu countries were left ruins. To help...
Evidence
Ineffective
a7075209e2fe
64F2F1AEDE19
Being a Seagoing cow was much more than an adventure for Luke. It opened up the world to him.
Claim
Adequate
e34f7c934845
64F2F1AEDE19
"Im grateful for the opportunity,"he says. It made him more aware of people of other countries and their needs.
Evidence
Adequate
8e0538ba7c01
64F2F1AEDE19
Luke had the best time of his life being a Seagoing Cowboy he didn't no his life would change so soon after his high school graduation. In 1945 world war 2 made places get ruined so he decied to go to Seagoing Cowboys. He help animals like horses,young cows,and mules too. He had so much to do but he did it and yes it w...
Concluding Statement
Adequate
23d53d6a85b3
64F7C12F6811
Our society's reliance on technology has increased significantly in the past few decades. Mobile phones were once brick-like impractical devices. Since then, they have evolved into sleek mini computers. Now that phones are more portable, people tend to take their cell with them everywhere, including on the road. With ...
Lead
Effective
4a209db7c4c3
64F7C12F6811
Using cell phones at all while driving should absolutely not be allowed. Any amount of attention diverted from the road is incredibly dangerous.
Position
Effective
e0336d869fcf
64F7C12F6811
Some of the most fatal accidents have occured, not because of intoxication, but as a result of texting and driving.
Claim
Effective
4dafa6561963
64F7C12F6811
In 2018, 4,637 people died in car crashes due to cell phone use (The Zebra). That is 4,637 lives that could have been spared if it weren't for the recklessness of irresponsible drivers. In 2002, 62% of people owned regular cell phones, while today, in 2019, about 95% of americans own cell phones. 77% of these modern ce...
Evidence
Effective
4fc2861a710f
64F7C12F6811
Even the best drivers may be involved in a potentially life-threatening crash while trying to use their phone and drive
Claim
Adequate
b4cb95e3ea6a
64F7C12F6811
According to an NPR article on multitasking, when you are "Switching from task to task, you think you're actually paying attention to everything around you at the same time. But you're actually not
Counterclaim
Adequate
599f4f01cea2
64F7C12F6811
You're not paying attention to one or two things simultaneously, but switching between them very rapidly"
Rebuttal
Adequate
d2b957dcc8da
64F7C12F6811
The article later goes on to state, "You cannot focus on one while doing the other. That's because of what's called interference between the two tasks." Based off of this information, it can be inferred the concept of interference is also applicable to using a smartphone while driving. If a driver is busy paying attent...
Evidence
Effective
bdba04f55e68
64F7C12F6811
Even five seconds of being distracted by a cell phone can be enough time for someone to get into an accident
Claim
Adequate
a18961daca95
64F7C12F6811
One personal injury lawyer states, "A single text results in an average distraction of 5 seconds, during which time a car going 55 mph will travel the length of a football field" (Miller & Zois). A range this large in a such a short time span conveys how much potential there is for injury when behaving so carelessly. A...
Evidence
Effective
8516b0c478b6
64F7C12F6811
Thousands of deaths could be prevented each year if everyone were to simply put their phone down while driving. No notification, song, or post is worth compromising the safety of the general public. Ensuring others' security should be a priority for all americans. When one fourth of car accidents involve cell phones, t...
Concluding Statement
Effective
8dc46daa2425
65552A741D2A
Venus is like the non explorable planet.
Position
Adequate
a23a687c8578
65552A741D2A
The technology we have in the world today is not good enough to wistand the envirnment of Venus with its extremely harsh conditions
Claim
Adequate
0181f318970c
65552A741D2A
One of the things the is keeping people so interested is that Venus at one time was supposedly the most Earth like planet in our solar system.
Evidence
Ineffective
6da15992b9e3
65552A741D2A
We have tried to explore Venus multiple times but the explorations have been un named because after a few our the spacecrafts broke or quit on us. We think that this is because of Venuses harsh envirnement constisting of acid rain and clouds, the hottest surface temprature in our Milky Way, and the fact that it is so h...
Evidence
Adequate
e605a8de6922
65552A741D2A
One of the reasons we believe Venus used to be like Earth is because of its nottable past. "Venus was probably covered largely with oceans and could have supported various forms of life, just like earth".
Evidence
Ineffective
d8236598a460
65552A741D2A
We are working on more developed technology as the years go by, but we are still not able tpo land and stay on Venuses surface. We are getting closer but are not ready or prepared to try again yet.
Concluding Statement
Adequate
e7abec138310
65590D44B68A
I Luke Bomberger am a veteran seacowboy. The segoing cowboy program isn't all hard work.
Lead
Adequate
6b75d4d18f6e
65590D44B68A
You should join the program
Position
Adequate
8ce470e8b174
65590D44B68A
it is a chance of a lifetime,
Claim
Adequate
a8be435b6ca4
65590D44B68A
you visit cool places,
Claim
Adequate
a44de01e9a39
65590D44B68A
you get to have fun.
Claim
Adequate
e26aa956c13a
65590D44B68A
This a one time offer. You don't know how long this opperation will be running.
Evidence
Ineffective
a85daf30b515
65590D44B68A
When my friend asked me to do I thought, "I knew this was an opportunity of a lifetime."
Claim
Effective
d34a3e4167c9
65590D44B68A
I decided I am going to go. You should go too.
Claim
Adequate
40dc0ee03b59
65590D44B68A
you travel all over the world.
Claim
Effective
f1b4094f94e9
65590D44B68A
You get to see things that you would never imagen. The places were unbelieveble. When I was a cowboy, "I had the side benefit of seeing Europe and China. But seeing the Acropolis in Greece was special.” Another event I remeber was in Venice were we road a gondola on the streets of water.
Evidence
Adequate
ef0ba1282ad1
65590D44B68A
I always liked the end of the trips because after all the hard work we had fun. We had had so many games. "The cowboys played baseball and volleyball games in the empty holds where animals had been housed. Table-tennis tournaments, fencing, boxing, reading, and whittling." with all these games we never wanted to leave ...
Evidence
Adequate
14375e02d11e
65590D44B68A
After all those years I stopped, but I still remember the adventure. Most of all I remember it was a chance of a lifetime, all the trips we made, and all the fun we had. The trip was definintly worth it.
Concluding Statement
Adequate
67f912a2eec0
655EC70088AA
Based on the passage , the government would like a change in the way people drive their cars around. Some people would just get in the car and ride all day and night if they could. So what do the head source of some countries even took the drastic measures of baning driving due to so much smog and health problems in th...
Evidence
Ineffective
cd3263db4b8b
65AE2F1BF718
As the author defends the claim that the exploration of Venus is a "worthy pursuit," I, however, believe that this statement is not proven very efficiently. Although the author refers to NASA and the experiments they've carried out, the information just does not sufficiently back up the statement that Venus is a "worth...
Position
Effective
97d97ddeffd9
65AE2F1BF718
The author continuously describes the challenge it would be for humans to carry out the study of Venus from space,
Claim
Effective
1ef6126b8181
65AE2F1BF718
using terms that convey the assumptions he or she is making based on his or her opinion.
Claim
Adequate
b11524f6bc90
65AE2F1BF718
Many risks would be taken in order to physically explore Venus,
Claim
Effective
9530abd86f74
65AE2F1BF718
As stated in the text, the conditons on the planet are "far more extreme than anything humans encounter on Earth." Even with advanced technology that we have today, the article states that "no spacecraft survived the landing for more than a few hours." If the technology we have today can't even survive the conditions o...
Evidence
Effective
f9a8046d772d
65AE2F1BF718
Even though humans could possibly hover 30 miles above the ground level, the texts states that the vast distance would provide only "limited insight on ground conditions," and it would "[render] standard forms of photography and videography ineffective." Along with that, the author admits that "researchers would not be...
Evidence
Effective
9b783460842b
65AE2F1BF718
When examining the similarities between Earth and Venus, the author uses the word "probably," saying that "Venus was probably covered largely with oceans and could have supported various forms of life, just like Earth." The word "probably" gives off the impression that the author is making an assumption about the fact ...
Evidence
Effective
a1b55b055943
65AE2F1BF718
After considering both sides of this controversial claim, I believe the author did not support the claim that studying Venus is a worthy pursuit despite the dangers.
Concluding Statement
Effective
efa3c72aafb4
65AE2F1BF718
Although the author referred to the study being beneficial to man's sense of imagination and innovation,
Counterclaim
Effective
963ba646d85a
65AE2F1BF718
it is simply just too dangerous.
Rebuttal
Adequate
9612bab38657
65B987E219BE
As of 2017, an estimated 270 million people have a cell phone in the United States. Cell phones have been an everyday object that is addictive and is used for the majority of a day. In particular, cell phones are commonly used while driving, even though it sounds dangerous.
Lead
Effective
a4025ed7ae83
65B987E219BE
Driving requires focus on the road as well as the driver's surroundings and using cell phones while driving prevents that from occurring
Claim
Effective
1c3ce81b5584
65B987E219BE
Cell phones should not be used while driving because of the many dangers that tend to result from it.
Position
Effective
cc1be7f80d7f
65B987E219BE
Cell phones are extremely distracting because of the large amount of focus operating one requires.
Claim
Effective
b23402cb768c
65B987E219BE
While driving, cell phones divert a driver's visual focus from the road to the screen of the mobile device which is very dangerous. The driver isn't able to see what's in front of them because their eyes are locked in on the screen of a cell phone which can possibly lead to a variety of negative outcomes. Texting while...
Evidence
Effective
3ab3ec0c4d70
65B987E219BE
1 out of every 4 car accidents are caused by texting while driving and in the United States over 1.6 million car crashes occur annually. That means that every year over 400,000 car accidents result from texting and driving
Evidence
Effective
9f079e44efed
65B987E219BE
Cell phone usage itself has a very negative impact on the body's health due to the blue light it transmits. The blue light hurts the eyes and is extremely detrimental while texting and driving. A driver must have good eyesight so that they are aware of their surroundings but using cell phones/mobile devices while drivi...
Evidence
Effective
892bb093b4a6
65B987E219BE
Studies have shown that texting while driving makes a driver lose focus more on the road than a driver being under the influence.
Evidence
Adequate
aaaeeffe5ab1
65B987E219BE
Cell phone usage is very harmful because if an accident happens , then several degrees of physical injuries can occur and death can happen if the injuries that result are too serious to treat.
Claim
Adequate
bca910e6250d
65B987E219BE
Cell phone usage while driving should not be allowed due to the risk it has on the health of a driver.
Claim
Adequate
b8ace7429086
65B987E219BE
In most states, texting while driving has become illegal due to the many health risks that result from it.
Claim
Adequate
bc4413acc543
65B987E219BE
Police officers have the ability to give a driver a citation/ticket for texting while driving. However, a significantly large number of drivers have found a loophole to evade getting a ticket and/or citation. They would not text and drive but instead they would have their cell phones in their hand but not actually text...
Evidence
Effective
eef5a810b5bb
65B987E219BE
Using cell phones or mobile devices while driving can negatively impact the vehicle that a driver is driving whether it be a coupe, sedan, crossover, minivan, or truck
Claim
Adequate
01c5781d71b9
65B987E219BE
Texting while driving can lead to the quality of the vehicle declining due to any damage it may face such as a wreck. On the financial side, the vehicle's interest rate will most likely increase because texting while driving can lead to receiving tickets and/or citations that a driver potentially may receive. The vehi...
Evidence
Effective
00fcd9656dc9
65B987E219BE
The concept of using cell phones/mobile devices while driving is one that needs to get rid of immediately. There are countless outcomes that result from cell phone usage while driving and all of them are negative ones which shows that it should be banned. The health risks are severe as well as the vehicular risks and t...
Concluding Statement
Effective
07c4549753c3
66418ED2289D
On the first day of Summer Break one is thinking about all the things he's going to be doing, like:relax all day, go on vacation, hang out with friends or family, play video games, and do non-school related things. Suddenly, he or she gets an email from their teacher saying,"I hope everyone is enjoying summer so far, ...
Lead
Effective
d50c2d2f727a
66418ED2289D
Summer projects should be student-designed
Position
Adequate
a61d922fc019
66418ED2289D
student-designed projects, our more relaxful then teacher-designed projects.
Claim
Adequate
7c41a5e0d8a8
66418ED2289D
Student-designed projects would show more creativeness, and is more helpful. Second, they can show how much one has learned. While teacher-designed projects are much more stressful, one will have to do it rule,by rule, by rule, one little mess up can lower your score by a whole grade. On teacher- designed projects the ...
Evidence
Adequate
e4aa7a4b9f77
66418ED2289D
One might ask, "what is the reason for having a project during summer because that is when we have a break from school?" That's just like saying,"why do athletes like basketball players practice during off season?" If a athlete does not practice during off season, they can probably lose their skill, be out of shape,an...
Evidence
Adequate
d900792ceb76
66418ED2289D
I still dont agree with the idea of projects during summer though because thats what fourth quarter projects should be about.
Claim
Ineffective
bc819b75b255
66418ED2289D
One shouldn't be forced to do school work over a time when you are supposed to be enjoying the summer off. One of my favorite sayings is from Allen Iverson when he said,"Practice? Your'e talking bout practice? I am an All Star and you are talking about practice?" That is what I would think about if a teacher emailed me...
Concluding Statement
Ineffective
9d2e10eca6fb
665F9322C6EF
The gorveners and presitdent are trying to bane cars for good.
Lead
Ineffective
579e86d233b6
665F9322C6EF
they're trying to bane car so that are eviroment get's better
Claim
Adequate
267dd42c4752
665F9322C6EF
Second in German they banned cars for couple days and if you refuse to not drive your car you'll have to pay a fine. They have also started this community were you can't drive cars and if you wanted car space it' 40,000 along with the house you're paying for,some people even had to sale their cars just to get an house ...
Evidence
Adequate
eedeb72eb52f
665F9322C6EF
I think it's crazy that Paris has banned driving due to smog
Claim
Adequate
6c65f5fc7346
665F9322C6EF
First on every Monday no one can drive their cars do due to smog so they're trying to reduce the smoke in the air. Second on that same day people with even-numbered license plates were ordered to leave their cars at home or suffer a 31$ fine. Thrid almost 4,000 drivers were fined, according to reuters twenty-one people...
Evidence
Adequate
0d61751974e1
6680CFA0A5FA
The way the author supports the idea that studying Venus is a worthy pursuit despite is by , giving facts about the good and bad thingds venus has
Position
Adequate
66903cf60c82
6680CFA0A5FA
The author talks about NASA'S possible solution to the hostile conditions on the surface of Venus .
Claim
Adequate
73c3fee12b25
6680CFA0A5FA
He also gives examples like , Imagining a blimp-like vehicle hovering 30 or so miles above the roiling venusian landscape . just as our jet airplanes travel at a higher altitude to fly over many storms .
Claim
Adequate
9919c050d043
6680CFA0A5FA
The author support's the idea by saying ," Each previous mission was unmanned , and for good reason , since no spacecraft survived the landing for more than a few hours . Maybe this issue explains why not a single spaceship has touched down on venus in more than three decades . Numerous factors contribute to venus"s re...
Evidence
Adequate
99de53c032ba
6680CFA0A5FA
Also the author talk's about venius having no value .
Claim
Ineffective
0b7abe94a78c
6680CFA0A5FA
The author say's that Venus has no value because human curiosity will likely lead us into many equally intimidating endeavors .
Evidence
Ineffective
f2197d1c1c47
6680CFA0A5FA
The author talks about the NASA working on other approaches to studyng venus.
Claim
Adequate
11e3dbf8e531
6680CFA0A5FA
Some simplified electronics made of silicon carbide have been tested in a chamber simulating the chaos of venus's surface and have lasted for three weels in such conditions . Another thing that the author is also talking about is another project , looking back to an old technology called mechanical computers . These de...
Evidence
Adequate
def720800e28
66ABB3042298
The author of "The Challenge of Exploring Venus" believes that studying Venus is something that should be done even though it can be very dangerous. The author gives multiple reasons to why we should explore the planet, or learn more about it. However, some people think the dangers of Venus outweigh the benefits of pur...
Lead
Adequate
7e6a0338cf9b
66ABB3042298
The author supports the idea of studying Venus even though it can be very dangerous. He provides many details, and facts as to why it's a good idea.
Position
Adequate
b45239f2a014
66ABB3042298
First off, the author tells what Venus is like.
Claim
Adequate
e2f46730afc4
66ABB3042298
He states that Venus is often referred to as Earth's "twin". This is because Venus and Earth are close in size, density, and at some points in orbit are the closest planets in the solar system. It is also believed that at one point, Venus was a lot like Earth is now. "The Challenge of Exploring Venus" states, "Astronom...
Evidence
Effective
b39dbe2413d0
66ABB3042298
Next, the author gives possible ways to study Venus safely, and effciently.
Claim
Effective
de9445805945
66ABB3042298
The author states, "NASA's possible solution to the hostile conditions on the surface of Venus would allow scientists to float above the fray.". Stating ways that Venus can be studied with people not being put in danger helps get the authors point across. The article also touches on how floating above the surface could...
Evidence
Effective
5f8f8a409172
66ABB3042298
Last, the author gives more ways Venus can be studied safely using different technology.
Claim
Effective
a18d96ef9878
66ABB3042298
While talking about different approaches to studying Venus the author states, "...simplified electronics...have been tested in a chamber simulating the chaos of Venus's surface and have lasted for three weeks...". This quote also helps the reader understand that studying Venus can be done in a safe and harmless way. Us...
Evidence
Effective
48cb6a2540bc
66ABB3042298
In conclusion, it is important Venus is continued to be studied and researched. The author of "The Challenge of Exploring Venus" does a great job of conveying to his audience why studying Venus is important even though it is dangerous. In the last paragraph, the author says, "Striving to meet the challenge presented by...
Concluding Statement
Effective
82b77e5208e2
66B37D7DE0F6
Hi my name is PROPER_NAME and I work for NASA discussing with someone who thinks that the face was created by aliens
Lead
Ineffective