option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"explain how worker bees are prevented from mating with drones",
"explain how worker bees hatch and nurture the queen's young",
"demonstrate the universality of natural selection",
"show that worker bees are capable of thwarting each other's attempts to reproduce"
] | The author refers to the experiment described in lines 16-19 in order to | Typically the queen honeybee is mother to all the bees in a hive;after mating with several male drones from other colonies,she lays fertilized eggs that develop into all female worker bees and lays unfertilized eggs that become all-male drones. When a queen dies, workers often lay unfertilized eggs that hatch into dron... | 1883.txt | 3 |
[
"A totalitarian society in which citizens' \"policing\" of each other's actions helps to maintain the status quo.",
"A pacifist state in which the individuals are strongly opposed to the use of violence or aggression to settle disputes",
"A democratic society in which the voice of the majority rules.",
"A par... | The inner workings in a honeybee hive that regulate reproduction, as they are described in the passage, are most similar to which of the following types of human societies? | Typically the queen honeybee is mother to all the bees in a hive;after mating with several male drones from other colonies,she lays fertilized eggs that develop into all female worker bees and lays unfertilized eggs that become all-male drones. When a queen dies, workers often lay unfertilized eggs that hatch into dron... | 1883.txt | 0 |
[
"Reproduction diminishes any individual honeybee's fitness.",
"An individual worker's fitness can be maintained without the individual herself reproducing.",
"A hierarchy of stronger and weaker individuals among the worker bees determines which individuals will reproduce when a queen dies.",
"While a queen re... | The passage best supports which of the following inferences about the fitness of honeybees? | Typically the queen honeybee is mother to all the bees in a hive;after mating with several male drones from other colonies,she lays fertilized eggs that develop into all female worker bees and lays unfertilized eggs that become all-male drones. When a queen dies, workers often lay unfertilized eggs that hatch into dron... | 1883.txt | 1 |
[
"One of the eggs hatches into the next queen.",
"The eggs are invariably destroyed by other worker bees.",
"Each worker tries to hide her eggs from the other worker bees.",
"The eggs are less likely to be harmed by other workers if the queen is dead."
] | The passage suggests which of the following about the eggs laid by worker bees? | Typically the queen honeybee is mother to all the bees in a hive;after mating with several male drones from other colonies,she lays fertilized eggs that develop into all female worker bees and lays unfertilized eggs that become all-male drones. When a queen dies, workers often lay unfertilized eggs that hatch into dron... | 1883.txt | 3 |
[
"stabilizing",
"changing",
"falling",
"rising"
] | The word "plummeting" (Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to ________. | While fossil fuels-coal, oil, gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's cleaner than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on l... | 483.txt | 2 |
[
"is progressing notably",
"is as extensive as in Europe",
"faces many challenges",
"has proved to be impractical"
] | According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America ________. | While fossil fuels-coal, oil, gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's cleaner than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on l... | 483.txt | 0 |
[
"wind is a widely used energy source",
"wind energy has replaced fossil fuels",
"tech giants are investing in clean energy",
"there is a shortage of clean energy supply"
] | It can be learned that in Iowa, ________. | While fossil fuels-coal, oil, gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's cleaner than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on l... | 483.txt | 0 |
[
"Its application has boosted battery storage.",
"It is commonly used in car manufacturing.",
"Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.",
"Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult."
] | Which of the following is true about clean energy according to paragraphs 5＆6? | While fossil fuels-coal, oil, gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's cleaner than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on l... | 483.txt | 2 |
[
"will bring the US closer to other countries.",
"will accelerate global environmental change.",
"is not really encouraged by the US government.",
"is not competitive enough with regard to its cost."
] | It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy ________. | While fossil fuels-coal, oil, gas-still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's cleaner than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on l... | 483.txt | 2 |
[
"America is now the only developed country without the policy.",
"It has now become a hot topic in the United States.",
"It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.",
"Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia."
] | What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph? | Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're... | 1029.txt | 0 |
[
"The incompetence of the Democrats.",
"The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.",
"The lack of a precedent in American history.",
"The opposition from business circles."
] | What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States? | Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're... | 1029.txt | 3 |
[
"The cost of raising children in the U. S. has been growing.",
"Good parenting benefits society.",
"The U. S. should keep up with other developed countries.",
"Children need continuous care."
] | What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support? | Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're... | 1029.txt | 1 |
[
"They fail to ensure children's healthy growth",
"The fail to provide enough support for parents",
"They emphasize parents' legal responsibilities.",
"They impose the care of children on parents."
] | What does the author think of America's large body of family laws governing children's welfare? | Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're... | 1029.txt | 1 |
[
"It is regarded as a legal obligation.",
"It relies largely on social support.",
"It generates huge social benefits.",
"It is basically a social undertaking."
] | Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice? | Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States-we're... | 1029.txt | 3 |
[
"challenging.",
"promising.",
"complicated.",
"alluring."
] | The word "intriguing" (Line 3, Paragraph 1) most probably means _ | For its supporters, the idea of growing single-celled algae on exhaust gas piped from power stations is the ultimate in recycling. For its detractors, it is a mere pipe dream. Whoever turns out to be right, though, it is an intriguing idea: instead of releasing the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels into t... | 3475.txt | 3 |
[
"No exhaust gas is used in this bioreactor.",
"The \"glow plates\" are used to conduct the sunlight.",
"Sunlight comes into the fibre-optic cables through holes in the parabolic mirror.",
"Photosynthesis is carried out by the algae in the collection duct."
] | Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the bioreactor developed by GS CleanTech? | For its supporters, the idea of growing single-celled algae on exhaust gas piped from power stations is the ultimate in recycling. For its detractors, it is a mere pipe dream. Whoever turns out to be right, though, it is an intriguing idea: instead of releasing the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels into t... | 3475.txt | 1 |
[
"hold the vertical sheets of polyester that fall off.",
"substitute the platform on which the algae grows.",
"obtain the overweight algae.",
"take the place of polyester after light is diffused on it."
] | The collection duct positioned underneath is used to _ | For its supporters, the idea of growing single-celled algae on exhaust gas piped from power stations is the ultimate in recycling. For its detractors, it is a mere pipe dream. Whoever turns out to be right, though, it is an intriguing idea: instead of releasing the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels into t... | 3475.txt | 2 |
[
"there is no photosynthesis in the reactor of GreenFuel Technologies.",
"the light used for photosynthesis is produced by the reactor itself.",
"the algal cells fix carbon in the process.",
"the exhaust gas acts as the motive force."
] | The approach developed by the GreenFuel Technologies is different from that by GS CleanTech in that _ | For its supporters, the idea of growing single-celled algae on exhaust gas piped from power stations is the ultimate in recycling. For its detractors, it is a mere pipe dream. Whoever turns out to be right, though, it is an intriguing idea: instead of releasing the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels into t... | 3475.txt | 3 |
[
"biodiesel.",
"ethanol.",
"alcohol.",
"fossil fuel."
] | The reactors of GreenFuel could produce the following fuels except _ | For its supporters, the idea of growing single-celled algae on exhaust gas piped from power stations is the ultimate in recycling. For its detractors, it is a mere pipe dream. Whoever turns out to be right, though, it is an intriguing idea: instead of releasing the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels into t... | 3475.txt | 3 |
[
"not very high.",
"high.",
"contemptuous.",
"critical."
] | It can be inferred from the passage that the author's opinion of nowaday human being is _ . | Vicious and Dangerrous Sports Should Be Banned By Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it' s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may ... | 250.txt | 0 |
[
"vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.",
"people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.",
"to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.",
"people are bloodthirsty in sports."
] | the main idea of this passage is _ . | Vicious and Dangerrous Sports Should Be Banned By Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it' s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may ... | 250.txt | 0 |
[
"To compare the old Romans with today' s people.",
"to give an example.",
"to show human beings in the past know nothing better.",
"to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty."
] | That the author mention the old roman is _ . | Vicious and Dangerrous Sports Should Be Banned By Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it' s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may ... | 250.txt | 3 |
[
"Three.",
"Five.",
"Six.",
"Seven."
] | How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage | Vicious and Dangerrous Sports Should Be Banned By Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it' s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may ... | 250.txt | 1 |
[
"that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.",
"that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.",
"that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.",
"to show law is the main instrument of social change."
] | The purpose of the author in writing this passage is _ . | Vicious and Dangerrous Sports Should Be Banned By Law
When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it' s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may ... | 250.txt | 0 |
[
"containing",
"surrounding",
"resembling",
"providing"
] | The word "approximating" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 2 |
[
"Fires are accidentally started by loggers.",
"Pieces of flammable wood are left behind in the forest.",
"There is a dense growth of new plants that act as fuel for fire.",
"The most fire-resistant trees are removed by the loggers."
] | All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as consequences of logging that can promote forest fires EXCEPT: | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 0 |
[
"It was more effective than afterward because there were fewer fires to suppress in most regions.",
"There was no official program of forest-fire suppression in the United States.",
"Forest-fire suppression was practiced more for the purpose of protecting homes than for protecting forests.",
"The Forest Servi... | What can be inferred from paragraph 2 about forest-fire suppression before 1900? | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 1 |
[
"To suggest that the Forest Service's goals were unrealistic and ultimately unattainable.",
"To demonstrate how seriously the Forest Service took their responsibility of fire suppression.",
"To support the idea that fire-suppression techniques are most effective early in the day.",
"To provide an example of t... | Why does the author include the quotation "Put out every forest fire by 10:00 A.M on the morning after the day when it is first reported"? | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 1 |
[
"recent records of fire-suppression efforts in the region",
"historical documents",
"examination of tree rings on burned trees",
"the dating of scars on remaining stumps of fire-damaged trees"
] | According to paragraph 3, all of the following have been used to determine the frequency of forest fires under natural conditions in Montana's ponderosa pine forests EXCEPT | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 0 |
[
"Afterward",
"Therefore",
"Certainly",
"In particular"
] | The word "Hence" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 1 |
[
"To emphasize the importance of replanting seedlings after a forest fire.",
"To argue for increasing the effectiveness of laws to suppress forest fires.",
"To describe how fire affects a typical ponderosa pine forest in the absence of human intervention.",
"To explain the long-lasting damage that once occurre... | In paragraph 3, what is the author's purpose in describing the natural cycle of fires in ponderosa pine forests? | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 2 |
[
"The presence of many sapling trees makes it more difficult for firefighters to reach the source of a forest fire.",
"Douglas fir saplings are expensive to maintain, leaving little government money for forest-fire suppression.",
"Saplings compete for space with the larger and more valuable fire-resistant trees.... | According to paragraph 4, why is the human preservation of Douglas fir sapling trees a threat to the ponderosa pine forest? | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 3 |
[
"unfortunately",
"surprisingly",
"probably",
"extremely"
] | The word "regrettably" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 0 |
[
"The careful management of forests to reduce the buildup of fuel loads.",
"The preservation of a dense understory.",
"The occasional flooding of western forests to make them as wet as those in the East.",
"A return to the effective methods of fire suppression of the previous half century."
] | What does paragraph 5 describe as a solution to the fires in Western forests? | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 0 |
[
"think that the use of small, controlled fires may be too dangerous.",
"do not want to spend money on the expensive process of managing forest understory.",
"distrust the Forest Service due to the harmful fire-suppression techniques of the past.",
"do not want politicians involved in forest management."
] | According to paragraph 5, people in the United States would probably not support the described forest-management and restoration techniques because they | Forest fires have recently increased in intensity and extent in some forest types throughout the western United States. This recent increase in fires has resulted partly from climate change (the recent trend toward hot, dry summers) and partly from human activities, for complicated reasons that foresters came increasin... | 3213.txt | 1 |
[
"to read in the morning",
"to pay attention to ways of studying",
"the importance of reading",
"to have patience in study in"
] | The article tells us _ . | The aim of students who come to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, or we would waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and our minds are clear, so we can remember what we have learned easily. For tha... | 717.txt | 1 |
[
"many",
"five",
"three",
"four"
] | This article has taught us _ ways of studying. | The aim of students who come to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, or we would waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and our minds are clear, so we can remember what we have learned easily. For tha... | 717.txt | 3 |
[
"it is difficult to get good results",
"the air is fresh and minds are clear",
"it is easy to remember what we have learned",
"both A and B"
] | We'd better read in the morning because _ . | The aim of students who come to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, or we would waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and our minds are clear, so we can remember what we have learned easily. For tha... | 717.txt | 2 |
[
"possible to learn something from it",
"easy to understand it well",
"impossible for us to get something from it",
"not hard to get something from it"
] | If we can't put our heart into the book when we read, it is _ . | The aim of students who come to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, or we would waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and our minds are clear, so we can remember what we have learned easily. For tha... | 717.txt | 2 |
[
"understand the book well",
"get some questions to ask our teachers",
"do with the new words",
"write down the questions"
] | In studying, we must always ask "why" in order to _ . | The aim of students who come to school is to study. But to study needs a right way, or we would waste the time or the money. The following are ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning. Because in the morning, the air is fresh and our minds are clear, so we can remember what we have learned easily. For tha... | 717.txt | 0 |
[
"Themes commonly found in folk music",
"Elements that define folk music",
"Influences of folk music on popular music",
"The standards of the International Folk Music Council"
] | What does the passage mainly discuss? | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 1 |
[
"It has been used for several centuries.",
"The International Folk Music Council invented it.",
"It is considered to be out-of-date.",
"There is disagreement about its meaning."
] | Which of the following statements about the term "folk song" is supported by the passage ? | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 3 |
[
"community",
"song",
"acceptance",
"memory"
] | The word "it" in line 8 refers to | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 1 |
[
"It is constantly changing over time.",
"It is passed on to other people by being performed.",
"It contains complex musical structures.",
"It appeals to many people."
] | Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a characteristic of the typical folk song? | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 2 |
[
"reduced",
"modified",
"exposed",
"imitated"
] | The word "subjected" in line 9 is closest in meaning to | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 2 |
[
"Explain how a folk song evolves over time",
"Illustrate the importance of music to rural workers",
"Show how subject matter is selected for a folk song",
"Demonstrate how a community, chooses a folk song"
] | The author mentions the farm laborer and his friends (lines 10-14) in order to do which of the following? | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 0 |
[
"Audiences prefer songs composed by professional musicians.",
"Singers dislike the decorative touches in folk song tunes.",
"Numerous variations of folk songs come to exist at the same time.",
"Folk songs are not considered an important form of music."
] | According to the passage , why would the original composers of folk songs be forgotten? | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 2 |
[
"basic nature",
"growing importance",
"full extent",
"first phase"
] | The word "essence" in line 16 is closest in meaning to | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 0 |
[
"the original composer can be easily identified",
"the songs attract only the young people in a community",
"the songs are generally performed by professional singers",
"the composers write the music in rural communities"
] | The author mentions that published music is not considered to be folk music because | The term "folk song" has been current for over a hundred years, but there is still a good deal of disagreement as to what it actually means. The definition provided by the International Folk Music Council states that folk music is the music of ordinary people, which is passed on from person to person by being listened ... | 4273.txt | 0 |
[
"Indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a great extent on machines",
"Illustrate his views about the approach of mathematicians to problem solving",
"Compare the work of mathematicians with that of computer programmers",
"Provide one definition of intelligence"
] | The author discusses computing machines in the first paragraph primarily in order to do which of the following? | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 1 |
[
"work to explain real, rather than theoretical or simplified, situations",
"know that well-defined problems are often the most difficult to solve",
"are unable to express their data in terms of multiple variables",
"are unwilling to relax the axioms they have developed"
] | According to the passage, scientists are skeptical toward their equations because scientists | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 0 |
[
"The literal truth of the arguments can be made clear only in a mathematical context.",
"The arguments necessarily ignore the central question of scientific investigation.",
"The arguments probably will be convincing only to other scientists.",
"The premises on which the arguments are based may change."
] | It can be inferred from the passage that scientists make which of the following assumptions about scientific arguments? | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 3 |
[
"Mathematicians may provide theories that are incompatible with those already developed by scientists.",
"Mathematicians may define situation in a way that is incomprehensible to scientists.",
"Mathematicians may convince scientists that theoretical assumptions are facts.",
"Scientists may come to believe tha... | According to the passage, mathematicians present a danger to scientists for which of the following reasons? | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 2 |
[
"Practical for scientific purposes",
"Detrimental to scientific progress",
"Unimportant in most situations",
"Expedient, but of little long-term value"
] | The author suggests that the approach of physicists to solving scientific problems is which of the following? | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 0 |
[
"Identify an analogous situation",
"Simplify and define the situation",
"Vary the underlying assumptions of a description of the situation",
"Determine what use would be made of the solution provided"
] | The author suggests that a mathematician asked to solve a problem in an ill-defined situation would first attempt to do which of the following? | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 1 |
[
"mathematicians are better able to solve problems than are scientists",
"changes in axiomatic propositions will inevitably undermine scientific arguments",
"well-defined situations are necessary for the design of reliable experiments",
"some factors in most situations must remain unknown"
] | The author implies that scientists develop a healthy skepticism because they are aware that | Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine's "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions-its inability to be guided by any la... | 2013.txt | 3 |
[
"explaining a phenomenon",
"justifying an assumption",
"posing a contrast",
"making a comparison"
] | In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _ . | The best public higher education in the world is to be found at the University of California（UC）. This claim is backed up by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, which provides an authoritative ranking of research universities. The UC's campus at Berkeley ranks third behind two private universities, Harvard and Stan... | 562.txt | 2 |
[
"it usually takes one year to destroy university excellence",
"university excellence is much harder to build than to destroy",
"it takes a short time to destroy university excellence",
"to build university excellence is more time-consuming than to destroy it"
] | The statement" It takes a year to destroy it." （Line 8, Paragraph 1）implies that _ . | The best public higher education in the world is to be found at the University of California（UC）. This claim is backed up by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, which provides an authoritative ranking of research universities. The UC's campus at Berkeley ranks third behind two private universities, Harvard and Stan... | 562.txt | 1 |
[
"make public higher education more available and recruit more talents",
"fulfill his job as the head of UC when Edmund\" Pat\" Brown was the governor",
"make public higher education more attractive than low taxes and cheap labour",
"produce as many Nobel laureates as possible"
] | Clark Kerr designed the three-tiered system for California in order to _ . | The best public higher education in the world is to be found at the University of California（UC）. This claim is backed up by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, which provides an authoritative ranking of research universities. The UC's campus at Berkeley ranks third behind two private universities, Harvard and Stan... | 562.txt | 0 |
[
"the Californian public universities are suffering from financial crises",
"California will soon face the embarrassing situation of talent shortage",
"due to lacking fund, the Californian public universities will have fewer graduates",
"California is going to sink in a long-term economic recession"
] | The statistics in Paragraph 5 help us draw a conclusion that _ . | The best public higher education in the world is to be found at the University of California（UC）. This claim is backed up by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, which provides an authoritative ranking of research universities. The UC's campus at Berkeley ranks third behind two private universities, Harvard and Stan... | 562.txt | 2 |
[
"The UC and Cal State are forced to fire some faulty and staff.",
"The Californian higher education may lose its core competitiveness.",
"The UC and Cal State are actively fighting against the financial constraint.",
"The Californian higher education will lose all its best professors and students."
] | What can we infer from the last paragraph? | The best public higher education in the world is to be found at the University of California（UC）. This claim is backed up by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, which provides an authoritative ranking of research universities. The UC's campus at Berkeley ranks third behind two private universities, Harvard and Stan... | 562.txt | 1 |
[
"Weakness of human nature.",
"Concern about climate change.",
"Importance of practical thinking.",
"Optimism about human progress."
] | What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book？ | Feeling blue about the world？ "Cheer up." says science writer Matt Ridley. "The world has never been a better place to live in， and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature."
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist-rational， because he‘s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic， because that evi... | 1034.txt | 3 |
[
"It encourages the creation of things.",
"It results in shortage of goods.",
"It demands more fossil fuels.",
"It causes a poverty problem."
] | How does Ridley look at shopping？ | Feeling blue about the world？ "Cheer up." says science writer Matt Ridley. "The world has never been a better place to live in， and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature."
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist-rational， because he‘s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic， because that evi... | 1034.txt | 0 |
[
"oil lamps give off more light than candles",
"shortening working time brings about a happier life",
"advanced technology helps to produce better candles",
"increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods"
] | The candle and lamp example is used to show that _ . | Feeling blue about the world？ "Cheer up." says science writer Matt Ridley. "The world has never been a better place to live in， and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature."
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist-rational， because he‘s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic， because that evi... | 1034.txt | 3 |
[
"Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.",
"Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.",
"People‘s health is closely related to climate change.",
"Careless medical treatment may cause great pain."
] | What does the last sentence of the passage imply？ | Feeling blue about the world？ "Cheer up." says science writer Matt Ridley. "The world has never been a better place to live in， and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature."
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist-rational， because he‘s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic， because that evi... | 1034.txt | 1 |
[
"Posing a contrast.",
"Justifying an assumption.",
"Explaining a phenomenon.",
"Making a comparison."
] | How does the author introduce his topic? | DOTCOMS may be moribund, but inside companies, the Internet is still finding cost-saving new uses. " B2E-business-to-employee-didn't have a crash," says Bipin Patel, in charge of developing the potential of the corporate intranet at the Ford Motor Company. " It's still growing."
Ford has gone further than most compani... | 493.txt | 2 |
[
"PCs can help them save a lot.",
"B2E is a growing thing.",
"The employees prefer to use PCs.",
"Proving PCs is a way of competition."
] | Why did Ford and GM intend to provide their employees with PCs? | DOTCOMS may be moribund, but inside companies, the Internet is still finding cost-saving new uses. " B2E-business-to-employee-didn't have a crash," says Bipin Patel, in charge of developing the potential of the corporate intranet at the Ford Motor Company. " It's still growing."
Ford has gone further than most compani... | 493.txt | 0 |
[
"It can save time.",
"It can save cost.",
"It encourages collaboration and team-working.",
"It makes human-resources department an easy job."
] | Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Internet? | DOTCOMS may be moribund, but inside companies, the Internet is still finding cost-saving new uses. " B2E-business-to-employee-didn't have a crash," says Bipin Patel, in charge of developing the potential of the corporate intranet at the Ford Motor Company. " It's still growing."
Ford has gone further than most compani... | 493.txt | 3 |
[
"not encouraging open answers",
"only one side asking questions",
"only yes or no questions",
"the topics lacking variety"
] | The expression" a one-way flow" （Line 3, Paragraph 5）most probably means _ . | DOTCOMS may be moribund, but inside companies, the Internet is still finding cost-saving new uses. " B2E-business-to-employee-didn't have a crash," says Bipin Patel, in charge of developing the potential of the corporate intranet at the Ford Motor Company. " It's still growing."
Ford has gone further than most compani... | 493.txt | 1 |
[
"The Internet can help DOTCOMS come back to life.",
"The courses downloaded are practical, but time-consuming.",
"The Internet makes the work of human-resources department more direct and interesting.",
"The employees can manage all the information by themselves."
] | Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? | DOTCOMS may be moribund, but inside companies, the Internet is still finding cost-saving new uses. " B2E-business-to-employee-didn't have a crash," says Bipin Patel, in charge of developing the potential of the corporate intranet at the Ford Motor Company. " It's still growing."
Ford has gone further than most compani... | 493.txt | 2 |
[
"He thought that corporations should be able to fulfill CSR for their own interests.",
"He insisted that CSR meant all employees should be treated equally.",
"He believed that the fulfillment of CSR must rely on government.",
"He suspected that CSR would violate corporations' own benefit."
] | What was Theodore Roosevelt's view on corporate social responsibility（CSR）? | The idea that corporations bear a responsibility that stretches beyond their shareholders is not new. Many companies in the 19th century built special housing for their employees in the belief that a well-housed employee was more productive than one living in a dump. In the early years of the 20th century, Theodore Roo... | 470.txt | 2 |
[
"Governmental regulation.",
"Ethics.",
"Transparency.",
"Community responsibility."
] | Which of the following is NOT an aspect relevant to CSR? | The idea that corporations bear a responsibility that stretches beyond their shareholders is not new. Many companies in the 19th century built special housing for their employees in the belief that a well-housed employee was more productive than one living in a dump. In the early years of the 20th century, Theodore Roo... | 470.txt | 0 |
[
"producing quality products",
"maintaining profitable business",
"being conscious of community",
"being socially accountable"
] | The expression" Being good" （Line 5, Paragraph 3）most probably means _ . | The idea that corporations bear a responsibility that stretches beyond their shareholders is not new. Many companies in the 19th century built special housing for their employees in the belief that a well-housed employee was more productive than one living in a dump. In the early years of the 20th century, Theodore Roo... | 470.txt | 3 |
[
"companies' environmental protection measures should focus on factory chimneys",
"a better understanding of the best CSR practices requires a thorough comprehension of various cultures",
"globalization is by nature against the promotion of CSR",
"CSR makes it more difficult to bribe in a decent way"
] | The debate about CSR in the three main areas reveals that _ . | The idea that corporations bear a responsibility that stretches beyond their shareholders is not new. Many companies in the 19th century built special housing for their employees in the belief that a well-housed employee was more productive than one living in a dump. In the early years of the 20th century, Theodore Roo... | 470.txt | 1 |
[
"CSR is a recent concept, emerging from the 20th century.",
"Theodore Roosevelt was the first US president who was concerned with CSR.",
"CSR is not only beneficial to individual companies, but the entire business sphere.",
"Trade unions are equally powerful in developed and developing countries."
] | What can we infer from the text? | The idea that corporations bear a responsibility that stretches beyond their shareholders is not new. Many companies in the 19th century built special housing for their employees in the belief that a well-housed employee was more productive than one living in a dump. In the early years of the 20th century, Theodore Roo... | 470.txt | 2 |
[
"Good habits",
"Bad habits",
"Both good habits and bad habits",
"Either good habits or bad habits"
] | _ are formed little by little. | Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay grea... | 740.txt | 2 |
[
"to form bad habits; to form good habits",
"to form good habits; to form bad habits",
"to form such habits as will be good; to get rid of bad habits",
"to get rid of bad habits; to form good habits"
] | Generally speaking, it's difficult for one _ and easy for them _ which should be avoided. | Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay grea... | 740.txt | 1 |
[
"Because habits are of great help to every one of us.",
"Because a man can never get rid of a habit.",
"Because it's hard and sometimes even impossible to throw away bad habits.",
"Because we are forced to do them again and again."
] | Why should we pay much attention to the formation of habits? | Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay grea... | 740.txt | 2 |
[
"has something to do with success",
"is an easily formed habit",
"is such a habit as should have been avoided",
"is such a habit as will be kept"
] | According to the passage, early rising _ . | Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay grea... | 740.txt | 3 |
[
"shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American",
"crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy",
"crying usually wins sympathy from other people",
"one who sheds tears in public will be blamed"
] | It is known from the first paragraph that ________. | Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an... | 4229.txt | 0 |
[
"Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.",
"The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.",
"The tear shedder's apology and the observer's effort to stop the crying.",
"Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears."
] | What does "both those responses to tears" (Line 5, Para, 1) refer to? | Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an... | 4229.txt | 2 |
[
"having no effect at all",
"leading to tension",
"producing disastrous impact",
"harmful to health"
] | "Counterproductive" (Lines 5, Para, 1) very probably means "________". | Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an... | 4229.txt | 3 |
[
"It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.",
"It must have a role to play in man's survival.",
"It is meant to get attention and assistance.",
"It usually produces the desired effect."
] | What does the author say about crying? | Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an... | 4229.txt | 1 |
[
"Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.",
"Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.",
"Emotional tears can give rise to \"dry eye\" syndrome in some cases.",
"Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears."
] | What can be inferred from the new studies of tears? | Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an... | 4229.txt | 0 |
[
"when young children are denied admittance to grade schools",
"when vocational subjects are taught in schools",
"when children are entitled to adult education",
"when children are permitted to act of their own free will"
] | By "permissive period of education" the author means an age _ . | "It hurts me more than you," and "This is for your own good." These are the statements my mother used to make years age when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achi... | 2744.txt | 3 |
[
"discipline",
"creativity",
"school education",
"individual work"
] | We learn from the passage that the author's mother used to attach importance to _ | "It hurts me more than you," and "This is for your own good." These are the statements my mother used to make years age when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achi... | 2744.txt | 0 |
[
"it is easier to give a negative reply than to give a positive reply",
"it is easier to give a positive reply than to give a negative reply",
"neither is easy ------ to say yes or to say no",
"neither is no easy job -------- to say yes or to say no"
] | To today's kids as described in this passage, _ . | "It hurts me more than you," and "This is for your own good." These are the statements my mother used to make years age when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achi... | 2744.txt | 1 |
[
"parents should set a good example for their kids",
"kids should have more activities outside campus",
"educators should not he so permissive",
"it is time to be strict with our children"
] | The main idea of this passage is that _ . | "It hurts me more than you," and "This is for your own good." These are the statements my mother used to make years age when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.
That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achi... | 2744.txt | 3 |
[
"communicate with others by high-tech methods continually",
"prefer to live a virtual life than a real one",
"are equipped with more modem digital techniques",
"know more on technology than their elders"
] | Compared with their Millennial elders, the iGeneration kids | They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their di... | 882.txt | 0 |
[
"Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high-tech devices.",
"Because this generation stresses on an individualized style of life.",
"Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation.",
"Because it's a mind-set generation instead of an age-set one."
] | Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration? | They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their di... | 882.txt | 1 |
[
"This generation is crazy about inventing and creating new things.",
"Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation.",
"This generation catches up with the development of technology.",
"High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation."
] | Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen? | They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their di... | 882.txt | 3 |
[
"has an obvious effect on the function of iGeneration's brain development",
"has greatly affected the iGeneration's behaviors and academic performance",
"has no significantly negative effect on iGeneration's mental and intellectual development",
"has caused distraction problems on iGeneration which affect the... | Rosen's findings suggest that technology | They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their di... | 882.txt | 2 |
[
"adapt its system to the need of the new generation",
"use more technologies to cater for the iGeneration",
"risk its system to certain extent for the iGeneration",
"be conducted online for iGeneration's individualized need"
] | According to the passage, education has to _ | They're still kids, and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And it's all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their di... | 882.txt | 0 |
[
"The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.",
"Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.",
"Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.",
"Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces."
] | Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage? | Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but th... | 21.txt | 2 |
[
"faulty building construction",
"an earthquake's strength",
"widespread panic in earthquakes",
"ineffective instruments"
] | The destruction of Agadir is an example of | Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but th... | 21.txt | 0 |
[
"construct strong buildings",
"put forward proposals",
"detect disastrous earthquakes",
"monitor earthquakes"
] | The United Nations' experts are supposed to _ . | Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but th... | 21.txt | 1 |
[
"notice them out at sea",
"find ways to stop them",
"be warned early enough",
"develop warning systems"
] | The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may | Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but th... | 21.txt | 2 |
[
"come from different situations in one's life",
"are largely affected by one's behavior",
"remain unchanged in one's daily life",
"could be chosen according to one's will"
] | According to the passage, attitudes _ . | Attitude is an internal (） state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual (）. Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is... | 3676.txt | 0 |
[
"people often make mistakes when they are not noticed",
"people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds",
"particulars of a situation may influence an individual's action",
"an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily"
] | The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show. | Attitude is an internal (） state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual (）. Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is... | 3676.txt | 2 |
[
"Attitudes are only learned through one's success.",
"Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.",
"Copying others' behavior is not a good idea.",
"Attitudes can be learned from one's parents."
] | Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes? | Attitude is an internal (） state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual (）. Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is... | 3676.txt | 3 |
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