option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"empty promises.",
"tough resistance.",
"necessary adjustments.",
"sincere apologies."
] | The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with | Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, bu... | 656.txt | 2 |
[
"privacy protection must be secured at all costs.",
"leaking patients' data is worse than selling it.",
"making profits from patients' data is illegal.",
"the value of data comes from the processing of it"
] | The author argues in Paragraph 2 that | Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, bu... | 656.txt | 3 |
[
"the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.",
"the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.",
"the uncontrolled use of new software.",
"the monopoly of big data by tech giants."
] | According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is | Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, bu... | 656.txt | 3 |
[
"ambiguous.",
"cautious.",
"appreciative.",
"contemptuous."
] | The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is | Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, bu... | 656.txt | 1 |
[
"a museum director",
"a master of art",
"an art collector",
"an art dealer"
] | The English Baron Fitzgerald was _ . | The very wealthy English Baron Fitzgerald had only one child，a son，who understandably was the apple of his eye, His wife died when the child was in his early teens. So Fitzgerald devoted himself to fathering the kid. Unfortunately the son died in his late teens.
Meanwhile，Fitzgerald's wealth greatly increased. He spent... | 3717.txt | 2 |
[
"He was devoted to the family.",
"He saw that no one hid for it.",
"He knew the content of the will.",
"He found it cheap for him to boy."
] | Why did the old servant bid for the painting of Fitzgerald's son？ | The very wealthy English Baron Fitzgerald had only one child，a son，who understandably was the apple of his eye, His wife died when the child was in his early teens. So Fitzgerald devoted himself to fathering the kid. Unfortunately the son died in his late teens.
Meanwhile，Fitzgerald's wealth greatly increased. He spent... | 3717.txt | 0 |
[
"his desire to food the bidders",
"his invaluable love for his son",
"his sadness at the death of his son",
"his regret of having no children to take over his wealth"
] | Fitzgerald's will showed _ . | The very wealthy English Baron Fitzgerald had only one child，a son，who understandably was the apple of his eye, His wife died when the child was in his early teens. So Fitzgerald devoted himself to fathering the kid. Unfortunately the son died in his late teens.
Meanwhile，Fitzgerald's wealth greatly increased. He spent... | 3717.txt | 1 |
[
"Holland",
"Beigium",
"France",
"Germany"
] | The accident happened in. | The following is a piece of international news in China Daily, March 13th, 1994.
A train derailment yesterday in this town just south of the capital, Brussels , killed one passenger and hurt more than two dozen, some seriously, The officials said the cause of the derailment was being looked into. | 1374.txt | 1 |
[
"the accident was caused by the fact that on passenger was killed",
"the officials announced the cause of the accident",
"why the derailment happened was obvious",
"the cause of the accident was yet to be found out"
] | According to the passage. | The following is a piece of international news in China Daily, March 13th, 1994.
A train derailment yesterday in this town just south of the capital, Brussels , killed one passenger and hurt more than two dozen, some seriously, The officials said the cause of the derailment was being looked into. | 1374.txt | 3 |
[
"20",
"24",
"more than a score of",
"no more than twenty-one"
] | The news tells us that passengers suffered from the accident. | The following is a piece of international news in China Daily, March 13th, 1994.
A train derailment yesterday in this town just south of the capital, Brussels , killed one passenger and hurt more than two dozen, some seriously, The officials said the cause of the derailment was being looked into. | 1374.txt | 2 |
[
"on March 13th, 1994",
"on March 12th, 1994",
"quite often",
"more terrible than it was reported"
] | The derailment happened. | The following is a piece of international news in China Daily, March 13th, 1994.
A train derailment yesterday in this town just south of the capital, Brussels , killed one passenger and hurt more than two dozen, some seriously, The officials said the cause of the derailment was being looked into. | 1374.txt | 1 |
[
"Yesterday.",
"Three days ago.",
"The day before yesterday.",
"We don't know."
] | When did the peasant lose his horse? | Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another . Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
"This horse is mine," he said to the man standing by the horse. "Someone stole it from me three days ago."
"How can that be?" the man said. "It has been mine for three years."
"Three years?" said the peasan... | 2681.txt | 1 |
[
"his good luck",
"the help of other people",
"his wisdom",
"the mistake made by the thief"
] | The peasant depended on _ to get the horse back. | Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another . Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
"This horse is mine," he said to the man standing by the horse. "Someone stole it from me three days ago."
"How can that be?" the man said. "It has been mine for three years."
"Three years?" said the peasan... | 2681.txt | 2 |
[
"sell",
"hide",
"kill",
"steal"
] | He recognized his horse when someone was trying to _ it. | Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another . Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
"This horse is mine," he said to the man standing by the horse. "Someone stole it from me three days ago."
"How can that be?" the man said. "It has been mine for three years."
"Three years?" said the peasan... | 2681.txt | 0 |
[
"The left eye.",
"The right eye.",
"Neither of its eyes.",
"Both eyes."
] | Which eye was the horse blind in? | Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another . Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
"This horse is mine," he said to the man standing by the horse. "Someone stole it from me three days ago."
"How can that be?" the man said. "It has been mine for three years."
"Three years?" said the peasan... | 2681.txt | 2 |
[
"he knew he would meet his horse in town",
"his horse was stolen",
"his horses were not enough to use and he wanted another one",
"his horse was blind and he wanted another one"
] | The peasant went to town to buy a horse because _ . | Once a peasant lost his horse and he went to town to buy another . Among the horses on sale he saw his own horse.
"This horse is mine," he said to the man standing by the horse. "Someone stole it from me three days ago."
"How can that be?" the man said. "It has been mine for three years."
"Three years?" said the peasan... | 2681.txt | 1 |
[
"The Beginning of Spring",
"The Spring Festival",
"The New Spring",
"The Beast Nian"
] | The Chinese New Year is also called _ . | The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring 'Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means "year", was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a ... | 743.txt | 1 |
[
"By putting red paper-cuts on windows.",
"By eating up beasts.",
"By talking to him.",
"By riding on him."
] | How did the old man stop Nian from eating people? | The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring 'Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means "year", was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a ... | 743.txt | 2 |
[
"Because Nian liked the colour red.",
"Because the colour red could kill Nian.",
"Because the old man liked the colour red.",
"Because Nian was afraid of the colour red."
] | Why did people put up red paper-cuts instead of those of any other colour? | The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring 'Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means "year", was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a ... | 743.txt | 3 |
[
"The Origin of The Chinese New Year",
"The Old Man And The Beast Nian",
"How To Go Through The Nian Safely",
"What Nian Was Like"
] | The best title of this passage is _ . | The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring 'Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means "year", was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a ... | 743.txt | 0 |
[
"Nian can eat up all the beasts on earth at one time.",
"Nian is a tall beast that likes to eat farm animals.",
"Nian is afraid of paper-cuts.",
"Nian doesn't like to use his own mind."
] | Which of the sentences is true? | The Chinese New Year is now known as the Spring 'Festival because it starts from the beginning of spring. Though there are some sayings about its origin, all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means "year", was originally the name of a beast that started to eat people the night before the beginning of a ... | 743.txt | 3 |
[
"age discrimination law was just introduced recently.",
"other discriminated groups don't sue except the whites.",
"age discrimination cases are in large quantity and it is difficult to detect all of them.",
"many discriminated people don't sue and costs of a lawsuit outweigh potential benefits."
] | A lot of cases of age discrimination are not found because | Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful clai... | 100.txt | 3 |
[
"younger male applicants are more likely to be hired than their female counterparts.",
"age discrimination is quite common in hiring process.",
"the author collected information by interviewing female applicants.",
"female applicants who are 50 years old will never have a chance to get a job."
] | The labor market experiment in Boston shows that | Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful clai... | 100.txt | 1 |
[
"The increase of age discrimination.",
"The decrease of age discrimination.",
"The decrease of opportunity cost to lawsuits.",
"The increase of opportunity cost to lawsuits, ."
] | What may lead to the increase of discrimination lawsuits during times of high unemployment? | Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful clai... | 100.txt | 2 |
[
"employers could specify the ages of people they want to hire in the past.",
"all employers recruited workers through advertisement in the past.",
"legislation prohibiting discrimination can't free old workers from age discrimination.",
"the recent proposed congressional legislation is ineffective."
] | From the last paragraph, we learn that | Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful clai... | 100.txt | 0 |
[
"pessimistic",
"partial",
"objective",
"doubtful"
] | The author is __ when he analyzes the age discrimination issue. | Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful clai... | 100.txt | 2 |
[
"this article will focus on how Telenor fights against Alfa Group",
"this article will describe how Telenor finishes the saga on its website",
"the dispute between Telenor and Alfa causes severe legal problems",
"the story of Telenor and Alfa is used to introduce the main topic"
] | From the first two paragraphs we can learn that _ . | The website of Telenor, a state-controlled Norwegian telecoms firm, has a special section dedicated to its investments in Russia and its dispute with Alfa Group, its Russian partner. It is a long and unhappy saga filled with headings such as" Geneva arbitration" , " Court abuses" and" Black PR campaigns" . Telenor and... | 531.txt | 3 |
[
"Telenor was not interested in developing business in Siberia",
"it was ridiculous for Farimex to sue Telenor in Siberia",
"the Siberian court failed to make an impartial judgment",
"Telenor went to the appeal court because it was not satisfied with the Siberian court"
] | The author added" which has no business in Siberia" （Line 4, Paragraph 2）to indicate that _ . | The website of Telenor, a state-controlled Norwegian telecoms firm, has a special section dedicated to its investments in Russia and its dispute with Alfa Group, its Russian partner. It is a long and unhappy saga filled with headings such as" Geneva arbitration" , " Court abuses" and" Black PR campaigns" . Telenor and... | 531.txt | 1 |
[
"Russia should adjust its attitude toward cooperating with foreign companies",
"the Russian legal system is in need of much improvement",
"administrative procedures should be simplified in Russia",
"Russia should emphasize more on property rights"
] | Telenor and IKEA will probably agree that _ . | The website of Telenor, a state-controlled Norwegian telecoms firm, has a special section dedicated to its investments in Russia and its dispute with Alfa Group, its Russian partner. It is a long and unhappy saga filled with headings such as" Geneva arbitration" , " Court abuses" and" Black PR campaigns" . Telenor and... | 531.txt | 0 |
[
"indirect expression",
"substitution",
"secret word",
"password"
] | The word" euphemism" （Line 4, Paragraph 4）most probably means _ . | The website of Telenor, a state-controlled Norwegian telecoms firm, has a special section dedicated to its investments in Russia and its dispute with Alfa Group, its Russian partner. It is a long and unhappy saga filled with headings such as" Geneva arbitration" , " Court abuses" and" Black PR campaigns" . Telenor and... | 531.txt | 0 |
[
"positive",
"suspicious",
"negative",
"indifferent"
] | The author's attitude towards Russia's investment climate seems to be _ . | The website of Telenor, a state-controlled Norwegian telecoms firm, has a special section dedicated to its investments in Russia and its dispute with Alfa Group, its Russian partner. It is a long and unhappy saga filled with headings such as" Geneva arbitration" , " Court abuses" and" Black PR campaigns" . Telenor and... | 531.txt | 2 |
[
"The rare and valuable metals and stones found in Middle Eastern deserts have always been in high demand in surrounding areas.",
"Growing conditions throughout the Middle East are generally poor, forcing Middle Eastern people to depend on imported grain.",
"Many useful and decorative raw materials cannot be fou... | According to paragraph 1, why has trade been so important throughout the history of the Middle East | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 2 |
[
"respect",
"reject",
"review",
"revise"
] | The word "repudiate" in the passage (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 1 |
[
"Workers were ranked according to their skill level, with the most-experienced artisans becoming partial owners of the shop.",
"Shop owners treated different workers differently depending on how much the workers had in common with their masters.",
"Workers were bound to their masters by unbreakable contracts th... | According to paragraph 2, how did Middle Eastern shop owners treat their workers? | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 3 |
[
"support the claim that the mode of production made possible by the craft guilds w very good for trade",
"contrast the economic base of the city government with that of the tribal confederacies",
"provide a reason why the government allowed the guilds to be self-controlled",
"suggest that the government was m... | The author includes the information that surplus was not a result of domestic craft production but resulted primarily from international trading (in passage 3) in order to | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 2 |
[
"The guilds were created to support workers and to uphold principles of high-quality craft production.",
"Each guild was very large and included members from a broad geographic area.",
"The leaders of the guilds were chosen by popular vote.",
"All guild members were treated as equals."
] | According to paragraph 3, all of the following are true of the Middle Eastern craft guilds EXCEPT: | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 1 |
[
"authority",
"responsibility",
"custom",
"agreement"
] | The word "consensus" in the passage (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 3 |
[
"Good business sense",
"Reliable associates",
"Family wealth",
"Constant effort"
] | According to paragraph 4, which of the following was NOT necessary for success in themercantile economy? | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 2 |
[
"set of moral principles",
"division of labor",
"economic system",
"test of character"
] | The word "ethic" in the passage (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 0 |
[
"If they were unhappy in the mercantile environment, they could draw on personal connections to find a different kind of work.",
"They were allowed to assert their opinions without having to listen to aristocratic professions of moral superiority.",
"Following the example of the pastoralists, they could demand,... | According to paragraph 4, what choice did Middle Eastern merchants and artisans have that many other people have not had? | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 3 |
[
"fundamentally",
"surprisingly",
"consequently",
"particularly"
] | The word "intrinsically" in the passage (paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 0 |
[
"To provide evidence that European seafarers took every opportunity to bypass Middle Eastern merchants",
"To present an instance in which Middle Eastern states lost money and power because of their reliance on long-distance trade",
"To argue this new route became necessary when European seafarers wanted to avoi... | In paragraph 5, why does the author mention the new trade route opened up by Vasco da Gama's fifteenth century voyage around Africa? | Trade was the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravans negotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to water and by mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly due to the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, with few deposits of metallic or... | 641.txt | 1 |
[
"uncertainty.",
"disorder.",
"powerlessness.",
"violence."
] | The word "anarchy" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"Portugal's declining interest in having overseas colonies.",
"Portugal's moves to gain political and economic control of Brazil for its own advantage.",
"The drive toward independence going on at the time in parts of Spanish America.",
"The Portuguese reaction to Brazil's efforts to gain control over its eco... | According to paragraph 1, what first caused Brazilians to think seriously about trying to achieve independence from Portugal? | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"It ended up creating discontent in certain provinces of Brazil.",
"It increasingly came under the influence of republican ideas from Portugal.",
"It was crushed before it got beyond the planning stage.",
"It gradually lost the support of the lower strata of urban society."
] | According to paragraph 1, what happened to the 1788-1799 conspiracy against Portuguese rule? | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 2 |
[
"the Portuguese prince's desire to become King of Brazil rather than King of Portugal.",
"Brazil's growing industrial and financial importance.",
"the flight of the Portuguese court to Rio de Janeiro.",
"the Strangford Treaty with England."
] | According to paragraph 2, Brazil gained a significant measure of independence early in the nineteenth century primarily as a result of | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 2 |
[
"establish a national bank.",
"support Brazilian industries.",
"obtain important tariff concessions from England.",
"encourage trade with a wider range of nations."
] | According to paragraph 2, King Joao did each of the following for Brazil EXCEPT | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 2 |
[
"came before.",
"brought about.",
"resulted from.",
"slowed down."
] | The word "precipitated" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"King Joao's immediate return to Portugal.",
"the creation of a liberal constitution for Brazil.",
"an end to Brazil's status as a kingdom.",
"Portuguese control over the Brazilian economy."
] | According to paragraph 4, the Portuguese revolutionaries insisted on each of the following EXCEPT | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"Fearful.",
"Angry.",
"Poor.",
"Sickly."
] | The word "Timid" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 0 |
[
"To illustrate how conservative the courtiers were.",
"To help explain the position taken by the courtiers.",
"To give an example of the effects produced by the revolution.",
"To show why King Joao advised his son the way he did."
] | In paragraph 4, why does the author mention that King Joao's courtiers "hungered to return to Portugal and their lost estates"? | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"the revolutionaries' demand that King Joao return to Portugal.",
"Portugal's apparent intention to return Brazil to the status of a colony.",
"King Joao's decision to leave his son Pedro in Brazil.",
"the growing threat of intervention by the Brazilian masses."
] | Paragraphs 4 and 5 support the idea that Brazil's move to declare independence in 1822 was primarily the result of | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 1 |
[
"Brazil made Dom Pedro its constitutional Emperor.",
"Dom Pedro refused to comply with the Portuguese parliament's demand that he return to Portugal.",
"the Portuguese parliament officially withdrew all formal connection to Brazil.",
"Dom Pedro publicly declared his position by saying, \"Independence or death... | According to paragraph 5, Independence Day in Brazil is the date on which | In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian rea... | 1339.txt | 3 |
[
"analyze the consequences of social epidemics",
"discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas",
"exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics",
"describe the essential characteristics of influentials."
] | By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to | In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actual... | 2342.txt | 1 |
[
"serves as a solution to marketing problems",
"has helped explain certain prevalent trends",
"has won support from influentials",
"requires solid evidence for its validity"
] | The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory" | In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actual... | 2342.txt | 3 |
[
"the power of influence goes with social interactions",
"interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media",
"influentials have more channels to reach the public",
"most celebrities enjoy wide media attention"
] | What the researchers have observed recently shows that | In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actual... | 2342.txt | 0 |
[
"The eagerness to be accepted",
"The impulse to influence others",
"The readiness to be influenced",
"The inclination to rely on others"
] | What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence? | In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actual... | 2342.txt | 2 |
[
"immigrate across the Atlantic",
"leave their home countries for good",
"stay in a foreign temporarily",
"find permanent jobs overseas"
] | "Birds of passage" refers to those who____. | A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for ex... | 4077.txt | 2 |
[
"needs new immigrant categories",
"has loosened control over immigrants",
"should be adopted to meet challenges",
"has been fixed via political means"
] | It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US____. | A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for ex... | 4077.txt | 2 |
[
"financial incentives",
"a global recognition",
"opportunities to get regular jobs",
"the freedom to stay and leave"
] | According to the author, today's birds of passage want___. | A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for ex... | 4077.txt | 3 |
[
"as faithful partners",
"with economic favors",
"with legal tolerance",
"as mighty rivals"
] | The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __. | A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for ex... | 4077.txt | 2 |
[
"Come and Go: Big Mistake",
"Living and Thriving: Great Risk",
"With or Without: Great Risk",
"Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake"
] | which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text? | A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for ex... | 4077.txt | 3 |
[
"they live too far away from one another.",
"they do not like school.",
"they are not old enough to go to school.",
"their families are too poor."
] | The children in "The Centre" do not go to a school because _ . | Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away a... | 948.txt | 0 |
[
"a property.",
"a car.",
"a school room at home.",
"a special radio."
] | In order to send their children to school, parents in "The Centre" of Australia must have _ . | Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away a... | 948.txt | 3 |
[
"not in a classroom but at the homes of the students.",
"by speaking only and not showing anything in writing.",
"without using any textbooks or pictures.",
"without knowing whether the students are attending."
] | Teachers in "The Centre" of Australia teach _ . | Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away a... | 948.txt | 1 |
[
"but their teacher cannot hear them.",
"and their teacher can hear them too.",
"but cannot hear their schoolmates.",
"and see him or her at the same time."
] | When children are having a lesson, they can hear their teacher. | Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away a... | 948.txt | 1 |
[
"house.",
"school.",
"farm.",
"radio."
] | A "Property" in Australia is a | Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away a... | 948.txt | 2 |
[
"2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.",
"It shows us the importance of holding Olympic Games in China.",
"Chinese people hold Cultural Activities in honor of Olympic Games.",
"Chinese government tries to improve the transportation in the run up to the Olympic Games."
] | What is the main idea of this passage? | Beijing to Hold Olympic Cultural Activities
Beijing Olympic organizers say the city will hold a variety of Olympic cultural activities between June and September. This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese cultures.
The offic... | 2793.txt | 2 |
[
"Chongqing",
"Beijing",
"Tianjing",
"Hong Kong"
] | Which city will not have a variety of cultural activities in the run up to the Olympic Games? | Beijing to Hold Olympic Cultural Activities
Beijing Olympic organizers say the city will hold a variety of Olympic cultural activities between June and September. This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese cultures.
The offic... | 2793.txt | 0 |
[
"It can help Chinese to make a lot of money.",
"It will provide a broad platform to showcase the highly-developing economy in China and across the world.",
"This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese tourism.",
"It ... | What is the cultural magnificence of holding 2008 Olympic Games? | Beijing to Hold Olympic Cultural Activities
Beijing Olympic organizers say the city will hold a variety of Olympic cultural activities between June and September. This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese cultures.
The offic... | 2793.txt | 3 |
[
"They have more graduates from community colleges.",
"They score far below the average education level.",
"They obviously are victims of the American education system.",
"Their academic performances are worse than their white peers."
] | What does the author say about African-American youth as a whole? | The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Ed... | 4000.txt | 3 |
[
"has sparked a heated debate in the scientific field",
"leads to the study on the link between race and IQ",
"states that intelligence has a lot to do with race",
"is against the idea that intelligence is decided by race"
] | According to the passage, the book The Bell Curve _ . | The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Ed... | 4000.txt | 2 |
[
"the achievement gap can be narrowed easily",
"it is unreasonable to relate low achievement to poverty",
"physiological stress works on achievement indirectly",
"it is impossible to achieve the goal of equal performance"
] | Experts like Michelle Schamberg think that _ . | The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Ed... | 4000.txt | 2 |
[
"stresses more on crime prevention",
"emphasizes an all-around system",
"condemns parents as a hindrance",
"sees excellent education as the sole way"
] | When it comes to fighting poverty, the Harlem Children‘s Zone _ . | The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Ed... | 4000.txt | 1 |
[
"offer students an integrated system",
"reduce the number of asthmatic children",
"get rid of poverty at the first place",
"set up a network to protect students from hazards"
] | According to the passage, the purpose of HCZ‘s black education is to _ . | The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Ed... | 4000.txt | 0 |
[
"Recurring outbreaks of infestation by gypsy moth caterpillars have had a devastating impact on trees in the northeastern United States.",
"A mechanism used by trees to combat the threat from gypsy moth caterpillars has actually made some trees more vulnerable to that threat.",
"Although deadly to gypsy moth ca... | Which of the following statements best expresses the main point of the passage? | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 1 |
[
"Female moths that ingest phenols are more susceptible to wilt virus, which causes them to lay smaller eggs.",
"Highly concentrated phenols in tree leaves limit caterpillars' food supply, thereby reducing the gypsy moth population.",
"Phenols attack the protein globule that protects moth egg clusters, making th... | In lines 12-14, the phrase "the trees'defensive mechanism has an impact on moth fecundity" refers to which of the following phenomena? | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 3 |
[
"protein synthesized from the tissues of a host caterpillar",
"aspen leaves with high concentrations of phenols",
"tannin-rich oak leaves",
"nutrients that they synthesize from gypsy moth egg clusters"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that wilt disease virions depend for their survival on | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 0 |
[
"Caterpillars feeding on red oaks that were more than 50 percent defoliated grew to be only two-thirds the size of those feeding on trees with relatively intact foliage.",
"Oak leaves in areas unaffected by gypsy moths were found to have higher levels of tannin on average than aspen leaves in areas infested with ... | Which of the following, if true, would most clearly demonstrate the operation of the trees' defensive mechanism as it is described in the first paragraph of the passage? | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 0 |
[
"It resolves a contradiction between the ideas presented in the first and second paragraphs.",
"It introduces research data to support the theory outlined in the second paragraph.",
"It draws a conclusion from conflicting evidence presented in the first two paragraphs.",
"It shows how phenomena described in t... | Which of the following best describes the function of the third paragraph of the passage? | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 3 |
[
"consuming a wide range of nutrients from a variety of leaf types",
"feeding on leaves that contain high levels of phenols",
"producing fewer offspring, which favors the survival of the hardiest individuals",
"ingesting the virus together with leaves that do not contain tannin"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that gypsy moth caterpillars become immune to the wilt virus as a result of | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 1 |
[
"Wilt disease is more likely to strike small gypsy moth caterpillars than large ones.",
"The concentration of phenols in tree leaves increases as the gypsy moth caterpillar population dies off.",
"Female gypsy moth caterpillars stop growing after they ingest leaves containing phenols.",
"Differing concentrati... | Which of the following statements about gypsy moth caterpillars is supported by information presented in the passage? | The defoliation of millions of acres of trees by massive infestations of gypsy moth caterpillars is a recurring phenomenon in the northeastern United States.In studying these outbreaks, scientists have discovered that affected trees fight back by releasing toxic chemicals, mainly phenols, into their foliage. These noxi... | 1898.txt | 3 |
[
"America has suddenly become a nation of old people",
"gerontology has suddenly become popular",
"more elderly professors are found on American campuses",
"American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students"
] | "...Old is suddenly in" (Line 1, Para. 1) most probably means "_ ". | For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050,... | 1590.txt | 1 |
[
"from the adoption of the \"elder law\"",
"from rendering special services to the elderly",
"by enriching their professional knowledge",
"by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests"
] | With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit _ . | For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050,... | 1590.txt | 1 |
[
"Retirees are more generous in spending money.",
"They can employ more gerontologists.",
"The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.",
"There are more elderly people working than before."
] | Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market? | For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050,... | 1590.txt | 2 |
[
"Retirees who are business-minded.",
"The volunteer workers in retirement homes.",
"College graduates with an MBA or law degree.",
"Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology."
] | Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage? | For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050,... | 1590.txt | 3 |
[
"will provide good job opportunities in many areas",
"will impose an unbearable burden on society",
"may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination",
"will create new fields of study in universities"
] | It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America's elderly population _ . | For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs, coupled with the aging of the baby-boom generation, a longer life span means that the nation's elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050,... | 1590.txt | 0 |
[
"Development of the National Flag",
"Power of the National Flag",
"Types of Flags",
"Uses of Flags"
] | The best title for the passage would be _ . | The flag, the most common symbol(） of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(） arti... | 3627.txt | 0 |
[
"they could tell wind direction",
"they could bring good luck to fighters",
"they were handed down by the ancestors",
"they were believed to stand for natural forces"
] | The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because. _ . | The flag, the most common symbol(） of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(） arti... | 3627.txt | 3 |
[
"He knows when it was sent to Europe.",
"He believes it was made in Egypt.",
"He thinks it came from China.",
"He doubts where it started."
] | What does the author know of the first national flag? | The flag, the most common symbol(） of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(） arti... | 3627.txt | 3 |
[
"The role of China in the spread of the national flag.",
"The second ancestor of the national flag.",
"The use of modern flags in Europe.",
"The importance of modern flags."
] | What will the author most probably talk about next? | The flag, the most common symbol(） of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive(） arti... | 3627.txt | 1 |
[
"How insects use pheromones to communicate",
"How pheromones are produced by insects",
"Why analyzing insect pheromones is difficult",
"The different uses of pheromones among various insect species"
] | What does the passage mainly discuss? | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 0 |
[
"improve",
"function",
"begin",
"rely"
] | The word "serve" in line 1 is closest in meaning to | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 1 |
[
"chemical signals that are common among insects",
"specific responses of various species to chemical signals",
"similarities between two chemical substances",
"how insects produce different chemical substances"
] | The purpose of the second mention of "hormones" in line 4 is to point out | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 2 |
[
"obvious",
"best",
"only",
"final"
] | The word "sole" in line 6 is closest in meaning to | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 2 |
[
"lose their effectiveness",
"evaporate in the air",
"travel through the air",
"are produced by the body"
] | The passage suggests that the speed at which communication through pheromones occurs is dependent on how quickly they | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 1 |
[
"chemical structure of the pheromone is changed",
"pheromone is excreted while other pheromones are also being excreted",
"exocrine glands do not produce the pheromone",
"pheromone is released near certain specific organisms"
] | According to the passage , the meaning of a message communicated through a pheromone may vary when the | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 0 |
[
"controlling",
"storing",
"questioning",
"finding"
] | The word "detecting" in line 23 is closest in meaning to | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 3 |
[
"Pheromones cannot be easily reproduced in chemical laboratories.",
"Existing technology cannot fully explore the properties of pheromones.",
"Pheromones are highly volatile.",
"Pheromone signals are constantly changing."
] | According to paragraph 2, which of the following has made the study of pheromones difficult? | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 1 |
[
"pheromones",
"roles",
"activities",
"insects"
] | The word "They" in line 24 refers to | Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones... | 409.txt | 0 |
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