option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"they rely on quick notes",
"they have excellent secretaries",
"they have a computer to do it",
"they prefer making phone calls"
] | According to the passage, some managers don't have to do any letter writing because _ . | Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk a... | 3186.txt | 1 |
[
"it will receive immediate attention",
"it will be dealt with by the secretary",
"it is likely to be neglected",
"it is meant to be delivered soon"
] | According to the author, if your letter is thrown into some "letter-to-be-read" file, _ . | Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk a... | 3186.txt | 2 |
[
"to explain and persuade",
"to comment and criticize",
"to interest and entertain",
"to argue and demonstrate"
] | The purpose of the author in writing this passage is _ . | Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. And good writers, good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk a... | 3186.txt | 0 |
[
"vary according to the urgency of the situation",
"prove the complexity of our brain reaction",
"depend on the importance of the assessment",
"predetermine the accuracy of our judgment"
] | The time needed in making decisions may____. | Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is danger... | 4093.txt | 3 |
[
"can be associative",
"are not unconscious",
"can be dangerous",
"are not impulsive"
] | Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____. | Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is danger... | 4093.txt | 0 |
[
"trust our first impression",
"do as people usually do",
"think before we act",
"ask for expert advice"
] | To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____. | Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is danger... | 4093.txt | 2 |
[
"critical assessment",
"‘‘thin sliced'' study",
"sensible explanation",
"adequate information"
] | John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on____. | Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is danger... | 4093.txt | 3 |
[
"tolerant",
"uncertain",
"optimistic",
"doubtful"
] | The author's attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____. | Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.
Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is danger... | 4093.txt | 2 |
[
"The role of instinct in animal behavior",
"Observations that suggest consciousness in animal behavior",
"The use of food in studies of animal behavior",
"Differences between the behavior of animals in their natural environments and in laboratory experiments."
] | What does the passage mainly discuss? | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 1 |
[
"Selecting among choices",
"Anticipating events to come",
"Remembering past experiences",
"Communicating emotions"
] | Which of the following is NOT discussed as an ability animals are thought to have? | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 3 |
[
"To determine the quantity of food at a site",
"To communicate the location of food",
"To increase the speed of travel to food sources",
"To identify the type of nectar that is available"
] | What is the purpose of the honeybee dance? | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 1 |
[
"however",
"since",
"generally",
"so far"
] | The word "yet" in line 15 is closest in meaning to | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 3 |
[
"Bees are able to travel at greater speeds than scientists thought.",
"The bees could travel 25% farther than scientists expected.",
"The bees were able to determine in advance where scientists would place their food.",
"Changing the location of food caused bees to decrease their dance activity."
] | What did researchers discover in the study of honeybees discussed in paragraph 2? | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 2 |
[
"be an indicator of cognitive ability",
"vary among individuals within a species",
"be related to food consumption",
"correspond to levels of activity"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that brain size is assumed to | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 0 |
[
"To provide an example of tool use among animals",
"To prove that certain species demonstrate greater ability in tool use than other species",
"To illustrate how otters are using objects as tools",
"To demonstrate why mother chimpanzees show their young how to use tools"
] | Why are otters and mussel shells included in the discussion in paragraph 3? | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 0 |
[
"superior",
"original",
"basic",
"technical"
] | The word "rudimentary" in line 20 is closest in meaning to | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 2 |
[
"communicating with their mothers",
"adding quantities",
"making choices",
"opening hard nuts"
] | It can be inferred from the statement about mother chimpanzees and their young (lines 20-22) that young chimpanzees have difficulty | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 3 |
[
"study",
"pair",
"chimpanzee",
"ability"
] | The phrase "the one" in line 24-25 refers to the | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 1 |
[
"lack abilities that other primates have",
"prefer to work in pairs or groups",
"exhibit behavior that indicates certain mathematical abilities",
"have difficulty selecting when given choices"
] | Scientists concluded from the experiment with chimpanzees and chocolate chips that chimpanzees | Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior tha... | 386.txt | 2 |
[
"delineate the function of the tlamatinime in Nahuatl society",
"explain the abstract philosophy of the Nahuatl thinkers",
"argue against a theory of poetic expression by citing evidence about the Nahuatl",
"describe some conceptual and aesthetic resources of the Nahuatl language"
] | A main purpose of the passage is to | Whether the languages of the ancient American peoples were used for expressing abstract universal concepts can be clearly answered in the case of Nahuatl. Nahuatl, like Greek and German, is a language that allows the formation of extensive compounds. By the combination of radicals or semantic elements, single compound ... | 2029.txt | 3 |
[
"taking away from a word any reference to particular instances",
"removing a word from its associations with other words",
"giving a word a new and opposite meaning",
"putting various meaningful elements together in one word"
] | According to the passage, some abstract universal ideas can be expressed in Hahuatl by | Whether the languages of the ancient American peoples were used for expressing abstract universal concepts can be clearly answered in the case of Nahuatl. Nahuatl, like Greek and German, is a language that allows the formation of extensive compounds. By the combination of radicals or semantic elements, single compound ... | 2029.txt | 3 |
[
"there are many languages that,like Greek or German, allow extensive compounding",
"all abstract universal ideas are ideas of complex relations",
"some record or evidence of the thought of the tlamatinime exists",
"metaphors are always used in Nahuatl to express abstract conceptual relationships"
] | It can be inferred solely from the information in the passage that | Whether the languages of the ancient American peoples were used for expressing abstract universal concepts can be clearly answered in the case of Nahuatl. Nahuatl, like Greek and German, is a language that allows the formation of extensive compounds. By the combination of radicals or semantic elements, single compound ... | 2029.txt | 2 |
[
"to prevent misuse of new safeguards in Internet cafes",
"to make cafe owners earn less profit from their business",
"to stop the use of the information superhighway on Internet",
"to make sure of the proper use of the information superhighway"
] | The government stopped issuing or renewing permits for Internet cafes. | Three months after the government stopped issuingor renewing permits for Internet cafes because of securityconcerns, some cafe owners are having financialconcerns of their own.
The permits were stopped suddenly three months ago by the government until new safeguards could be put in place to prevent misuse of the inform... | 3224.txt | 3 |
[
"suffered heavy financial losses",
"asked to open up Internet cafes",
"continued to operate Internet cafes",
"asked the government for payment"
] | The government's decision led to the fact that many cafe owners. | Three months after the government stopped issuingor renewing permits for Internet cafes because of securityconcerns, some cafe owners are having financialconcerns of their own.
The permits were stopped suddenly three months ago by the government until new safeguards could be put in place to prevent misuse of the inform... | 3224.txt | 0 |
[
"surprising and unacceptable",
"understandable and acceptable",
"reasonable but surprising",
"surprising but acceptable"
] | The cafe owners found the government's decision. | Three months after the government stopped issuingor renewing permits for Internet cafes because of securityconcerns, some cafe owners are having financialconcerns of their own.
The permits were stopped suddenly three months ago by the government until new safeguards could be put in place to prevent misuse of the inform... | 3224.txt | 0 |
[
"should be avoided",
"is universal among parents",
"sets up dangerous states of worry in the child",
"will make him lose interest in learning new things"
] | Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills _ . | In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and st... | 3047.txt | 1 |
[
"should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read",
"should not expect too much of them",
"should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own",
"should create as many learning opportunities as possible"
] | In the process of children's learning new skills parents _ . | In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and st... | 3047.txt | 2 |
[
"parents should be strict with their children",
"parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community",
"parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone",
"parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the ... | The second paragraph mainly tells us that _ . | In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and st... | 3047.txt | 2 |
[
"idea",
"punishment",
"behavior",
"instruction"
] | The word "precept" (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means " _ ". | In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and st... | 3047.txt | 3 |
[
"observe the rules themselves",
"be aware of the marked difference between adults and children",
"forbid things which have no foundation in morality",
"consistently ensure the security of their children"
] | In moral matters, parents should _ . | In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and st... | 3047.txt | 0 |
[
"the pull of everything.",
"the force of attraction among objects.",
"the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth",
"the force which attracts the earth towards the sun."
] | In this passage, the word "gravity" means. | Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is... | 2101.txt | 2 |
[
"the earth always turns round.",
"the earth has gravity",
"the earth's gravity is greater than your weight.",
"you are careless."
] | When you slip you always fall to the ground because | Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is... | 2101.txt | 1 |
[
"it can throw a ball into the air.",
"it makes you jump only seven feet.",
"it can let you fly away from the earth.",
"it can keep everything on earth."
] | Gravity is strong that | Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is... | 2101.txt | 3 |
[
"water flows everything.",
"we can go everywhere by ship.",
"water always flows downwards.",
"fish can live in water."
] | Because of gravity, | Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is... | 2101.txt | 2 |
[
"the spaceship goes very fast.",
"the earth can't pull the spaceship.",
"the spaceship has a strong force.",
"the spaceship can jump higher than other things."
] | We can get away from the earth by spaceship because | Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is... | 2101.txt | 0 |
[
"It is backed by a campus spending analysis.",
"It has been flatly rejected by the governor.",
"It has neglected their faculty's demands.",
"It will improve their financial situation."
] | What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee? | Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morga... | 1936.txt | 0 |
[
"Private companies play a big role in campus management.",
"Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.",
"Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.",
"Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial affairs."
] | What does the campus spending analysis reveal? | Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morga... | 1936.txt | 1 |
[
"deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilities",
"make workers less motivated in performing duties",
"render a number of campus workers jobless",
"lead to the privatization of campus facilities"
] | Workers' supporters argue that Bill Haslam's proposal would _________. | Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morga... | 1936.txt | 2 |
[
"The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.",
"The outsourcing plan will be implemented.",
"The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.",
"The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan."
] | What do we learn from the state spokeswoman's response to John Morgan's decision? | Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morga... | 1936.txt | 0 |
[
"He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.",
"He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.",
"He thought the state's outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.",
"He opposed the governor's plan to reconstruct the college board system."
] | Why did John Morgan decide to resign? | Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morga... | 1936.txt | 3 |
[
"Brickell has learnt a lot to stay healthy，233.com",
"Brickell is too healthy to become a patient",
"Brickell has few experiences of being a patient",
"Brickell knows how to keep herself from being ill"
] | The comment she's too healthy in the first paragraph means that_ . | Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tr... | 1199.txt | 2 |
[
"the advice of a friend is much better than a doctor's orders",
"it is difficult for a doctor to communicate with his patients",
"daily injections for a disease are occasionally ineffective",
"patients hate to wait long before being seen by a doctor"
] | It is implied in the text that _ | Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tr... | 1199.txt | 3 |
[
"to be caught in the modern medical system as a patient",
"to learn the best way to treat diabetes in a pilot program",
"to learn what frustrations a patient has to face in hospital",
"to encounter the health-care system as closely as possible"
] | Brickell has been paired with a patient with diabetes in order _ | Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tr... | 1199.txt | 2 |
[
"helping doctors better understand their patients，233.com",
"building closer relationships between students and patients",
"acknowledging the inconveniences experienced by patients",
"alleviating the dissatisfaction of patients with medical system"
] | Top medical schools ask their students to trail patients for the purpose of _ | Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tr... | 1199.txt | 0 |
[
"to illustrate the frustrations of American patients",
"to teach doctors to provide more care to patients",
"to call on doctors to learn more from their patients",
"to build closer partnerships between students and patients"
] | It can be seen from the text that Harvard Medical School intends _ | Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tr... | 1199.txt | 1 |
[
"crime against humanity",
"unfair business transaction",
"racial conflicts in Georgia",
"racial segregation in America"
] | To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of ________. | In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just "business as usual." But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans con... | 721.txt | 0 |
[
"widespread use of racist stereotypes",
"prejudice against minority groups",
"deep-rooted socio-economic inequality",
"denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks"
] | The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ________. | In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just "business as usual." But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans con... | 721.txt | 2 |
[
"Differences between races are deliberately obscured.",
"The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.",
"There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.",
"The interests of blacks are not protected by law."
] | What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions? | In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just "business as usual." But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans con... | 721.txt | 1 |
[
"has resulted from business successes over the years",
"has been accompanied by black capital formation",
"has derived from sizable investments in education",
"has been accumulated from generations of slavery"
] | It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________. | In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just "business as usual." But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans con... | 721.txt | 3 |
[
"Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks' employment.",
"Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.",
"A major step has been taken towards reparations.",
"Little has been done to ensure blacks' civil rights."
] | What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination? | In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just "business as usual." But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans con... | 721.txt | 1 |
[
"uncertainty and complexity.",
"misconception and deceptiveness.",
"logicality and objectivity.",
"systematicness and regularity."
] | According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its | In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective... | 1830.txt | 0 |
[
"strict inspection.",
"shared efforts.",
"individual wisdom.",
"persistent innovation."
] | It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the credibility process requires | In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective... | 1830.txt | 1 |
[
"has attracted the attention of the general public.",
"has been examined by the scientific community.",
"has received recognition from editors and reviewers.",
"has been frequently quoted by peer scientists."
] | Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it | In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective... | 1830.txt | 1 |
[
"scientific claims will survive challenges.",
"discoveries today inspire future research.",
"efforts to make discoveries are justified.",
"scientific work calls for a critical mind."
] | Albert Szent-Györgyi would most likely agree that | In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective... | 1830.txt | 3 |
[
"Novelty as an Engine of Scientific Development",
"Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery",
"Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science",
"Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science"
] | Which of the following would be the best title of the text? | In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route. We aim to be objective... | 1830.txt | 2 |
[
"It has been overshadowed bythepositive impact.",
"It has more often than not been taken for granted.",
"It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.",
"It is subtle but should by no means be overstated."
] | What does the author say about the negative impact of smartphones? | On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" - a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.
It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majo... | 1085.txt | 2 |
[
"It systematically records real human interactions.",
"It helps people benefit from technological advances.",
"It brings people into closer contact with each other.",
"It greatly improves research on human behavior."
] | What is considered a less obvious advantaged of smartphone technology? | On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" - a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.
It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majo... | 1085.txt | 3 |
[
"It is based on huge amounts of carefully collected data.",
"It relies on lab observations and participants' reports.",
"It makes use of the questionnaire method.",
"It is often expensive and time-consuming."
] | What characterizes traditional psychological research? | On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" - a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.
It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majo... | 1085.txt | 1 |
[
"By helping them pin down their unusual behaviors.",
"By helping them maintain a positive state of mind.",
"By helping them live their lives in a unique way.",
"By helping them cope with abnormal situations."
] | How will future psychological studies benefit individuals? | On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" - a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.
It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majo... | 1085.txt | 0 |
[
"They are going through a period of painful transition.",
"They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.",
"They are conducted in a more rigorous manner.",
"They are mainly targeted towards undergraduates."
] | What do we learn about current psychological studies? | On Jan. 9, 2007, 10 years ago today, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple's "revolutionary mobile phone" - a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch.
It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majo... | 1085.txt | 1 |
[
"They vary from culture to culture.",
"They ensure the reproductive success.",
"They reflect the evolutionary process.",
"They are influenced by psychologists."
] | What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship? | Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise reproductive... | 2125.txt | 0 |
[
"largely rely on marriage contracts",
"can contribute to stable marriages",
"often run counter to romantic love",
"make divorces virtually unacceptable"
] | We can infer from the passage that strong family and community ties _ . | Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise reproductive... | 2125.txt | 1 |
[
"will be a substitute for marriage in human relationships",
"plays a key role in maintaining long-term relationships",
"is likely to replace the dictates of family and society",
"is a way to develop individuality and independence"
] | Without social pressures to keep pair-bonds, romantic love _ . | Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise reproductive... | 2125.txt | 1 |
[
"they expect different things from their partner",
"they tend to exaggerate each other's positive qualities",
"they often fail to see each other's negative qualities",
"they lay more emphasis on commitment and devotion"
] | O'Sullivan believes that when people from different cultures fall in love, _ . | Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise reproductive... | 2125.txt | 0 |
[
"cultural differences often tear apart a family built on romantic love",
"marriages arc hard to sustain without social or family pressures",
"romantic love is becoming increasingly important in family relationships",
"romantic love tends to yield where family or social pressures are strong"
] | We can conclude from the passage that _ . | Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romantic relationship can be swayed by the society we live in. So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from the University of San Francisco. She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond to maximise reproductive... | 2125.txt | 2 |
[
"The experience of the only child being with mother.",
"The advantage of spending time with one child at a time.",
"The happy life of two families.",
"The basic needs of children."
] | What is the text mainly about? | Our "Mommy and Me" time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. "I wish I could take one of my children out alone," said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes on... | 3394.txt | 0 |
[
"happy",
"curious",
"regretful",
"friendly"
] | Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _ . | Our "Mommy and Me" time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. "I wish I could take one of my children out alone," said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes on... | 3394.txt | 3 |
[
"The daughter acts like a leader.",
"Sam holds her hand more often.",
"The boys become better followers.",
"Tom has less difficulty in speaking."
] | What is one of the changes the author finds in her children? | Our "Mommy and Me" time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. "I wish I could take one of my children out alone," said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes on... | 3394.txt | 3 |
[
"having brothers and sisters is fun",
"it's tiring to look after three children",
"every child needs parents' full attention",
"parents should watch others' children"
] | The author seems to believe that _ . | Our "Mommy and Me" time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. "I wish I could take one of my children out alone," said Christie.
Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes on... | 3394.txt | 0 |
[
"Because they were the uniform for air couriers,",
"Because that made him easier to be recognized.",
"Because his backpack had no room for his clothes.",
"because he did not have any luggage with him."
] | Why was Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel? | Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony befor... | 3493.txt | 2 |
[
"manages a business company in foreign countries",
"organizes international flights for tourists",
"travels around the world with cheap tickets",
"delivers papers and packages to foreign countries"
] | An air courier is a person who | Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony befor... | 3493.txt | 3 |
[
"it costs less",
"it is flexible",
"it saves time",
"it grows fast"
] | Businesses choose the air-courier service because | Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony befor... | 3493.txt | 2 |
[
"cannot decide when and where to travel",
"cannot take any luggage with him",
"has to wear two pairs of jeans",
"saves little money from the travel"
] | One of the disadvantages of traveling as an air courier is that he | Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony befor... | 3493.txt | 0 |
[
"describes the activities of a law-breaker",
"suggests an ideal way to travel",
"argues against the air-courier travel",
"tells us about a developing business"
] | The author of the text mainly | Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony befor... | 3493.txt | 3 |
[
"Selling home furnishings.",
"Renting furnished apartments.",
"Selling used furniture.",
"Renting home furnishings."
] | Which of the following has become one of America's fastest growing businesses? | When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, t... | 712.txt | 3 |
[
"Because the furniture they get in this way is new.",
"Because it saves them a lot of money.",
"Because it saves them much trouble and money.",
"Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way."
] | Why do some people prefer to rent furniture? | When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, t... | 712.txt | 2 |
[
"The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.",
"Renting furniture is not popular in the couple's home town.",
"Only those who don't have enough money to rent furniture.",
"People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented."
] | What can you infer from the passage? | When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, t... | 712.txt | 1 |
[
"Rent or Buy",
"A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings",
"Furnished Apartments",
"A New Idea"
] | Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? | When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, t... | 712.txt | 1 |
[
"They have less money",
"They don't want to buy old furniture",
"The new furniture is of good quality",
"They don't have much money and don't want to buy the cheap furniture"
] | Young people liked renting home furniture in that _ . | When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, t... | 712.txt | 3 |
[
"beautiful",
"clever",
"lazy",
"clean"
] | The man thought that his daughter was _ . | One day a man and his daughter were going out for a walk. The man had put on a pair of odd shoes, one with a thick sole and one with a thin sole. As he came out to the street, he felt very uncomfortable. Turning to his daughter, he said: " Why should one of my legs be longer than the other one?" The daughter looked at... | 715.txt | 1 |
[
"father",
"daughter",
"neighbour",
"friend"
] | It was the _ that found the reason for the wrong shoes. | One day a man and his daughter were going out for a walk. The man had put on a pair of odd shoes, one with a thick sole and one with a thin sole. As he came out to the street, he felt very uncomfortable. Turning to his daughter, he said: " Why should one of my legs be longer than the other one?" The daughter looked at... | 715.txt | 0 |
[
"a pair of right shoes",
"a pair of odd shoes",
"a pair of thick-soled shoes",
"nothing"
] | The daughter came back, bringing _ with her. | One day a man and his daughter were going out for a walk. The man had put on a pair of odd shoes, one with a thick sole and one with a thin sole. As he came out to the street, he felt very uncomfortable. Turning to his daughter, he said: " Why should one of my legs be longer than the other one?" The daughter looked at... | 715.txt | 1 |
[
"He should return to his home and get the shoes himself.",
"He should have the thick sole cut off.",
"He should have changed one of his shoes.",
"He should have no shoes on."
] | What do you think that the man should have done? | One day a man and his daughter were going out for a walk. The man had put on a pair of odd shoes, one with a thick sole and one with a thin sole. As he came out to the street, he felt very uncomfortable. Turning to his daughter, he said: " Why should one of my legs be longer than the other one?" The daughter looked at... | 715.txt | 2 |
[
"They both were not clever.",
"The father was cleverer than the daughter.",
"The daughter was cleverer than the father.",
"Either of them was clever."
] | What do you think of the man and his daughter? | One day a man and his daughter were going out for a walk. The man had put on a pair of odd shoes, one with a thick sole and one with a thin sole. As he came out to the street, he felt very uncomfortable. Turning to his daughter, he said: " Why should one of my legs be longer than the other one?" The daughter looked at... | 715.txt | 0 |
[
"critical",
"questioning",
"approving",
"objective"
] | The author's attitude towards foreign students as mentioned in the passage is _ . | There has been a lot of unfair and biased criticism of families who welcome foreign students into their homes. I should like to tell you of my own personal experiences, which are not so different from my neighbors' experience, I might add.
A host family is sent students by school or college and their homes are regularl... | 2810.txt | 0 |
[
"supreme",
"partial",
"preferable",
"prejudiced"
] | By "biased" (Line1, Para.1) the author means _ . | There has been a lot of unfair and biased criticism of families who welcome foreign students into their homes. I should like to tell you of my own personal experiences, which are not so different from my neighbors' experience, I might add.
A host family is sent students by school or college and their homes are regularl... | 2810.txt | 3 |
[
"The accommodation standard is set up by the staff of a hotel",
"A host family usually has no alternative but to accept the student assigned",
"A student is sometimes treated rudely, like a servant",
"A host family may reject any student candidate who looks undesirable"
] | Which of the following is mentioned in the second paragraph? | There has been a lot of unfair and biased criticism of families who welcome foreign students into their homes. I should like to tell you of my own personal experiences, which are not so different from my neighbors' experience, I might add.
A host family is sent students by school or college and their homes are regularl... | 2810.txt | 1 |
[
"foreign students keep good terms with their hostesses",
"foreign students come to stay with their host families to learn English",
"a hostess does not make much profit because she has to buy new furniture",
"the local TV programs are very popular among foreign students"
] | The passage tell us _ . | There has been a lot of unfair and biased criticism of families who welcome foreign students into their homes. I should like to tell you of my own personal experiences, which are not so different from my neighbors' experience, I might add.
A host family is sent students by school or college and their homes are regularl... | 2810.txt | 1 |
[
"to criticize foreign students for not sharing housework with their hostesses",
"to suggest that a new accommodation standard be laid down",
"to complain about the irresponsibility of foreign students",
"to give an account of his personal experiences with foreign students"
] | The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is _ . | There has been a lot of unfair and biased criticism of families who welcome foreign students into their homes. I should like to tell you of my own personal experiences, which are not so different from my neighbors' experience, I might add.
A host family is sent students by school or college and their homes are regularl... | 2810.txt | 2 |
[
"a solid base to grow on",
"exposure to light",
"the presence of river-borne sediment",
"ocean temperatures of 21 °C or higher"
] | According to paragraph 1, all of the following are needed for the growth of coral reefs except? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 2 |
[
"precaution",
"preparation",
"requirement",
"achievement"
] | the word "prerequisite" in the passage is closest in meaning to | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 2 |
[
"they help build coral reefs",
"they are the dominant type of sea life living on the reefs",
"they compete with coral for zooplankton",
"they are an important source of food available to corals"
] | According to paragraph 1, algae are important because | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 0 |
[
"extension",
"system",
"region",
"variety"
] | The word "complex" in the passage is closest in meaning to? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 1 |
[
"He identified the main types of coral reef and explained how they were related.",
"He discovered the existence of coral reefs on a scientific voyage.",
"He proved that reefs are mostly located very close to the shore.",
"He saw the importance of reefs for the support of other marine life."
] | According to paragraph 2, how did Charles Darwin contribute to the understanding of coral reefs? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 0 |
[
"extraordinary",
"relevant",
"intelligent",
"famous"
] | The word "pertinent" in the passage is closest in meaning to | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 1 |
[
"It is located away from the shore of the neighboring land.",
"It is separated from neighboring land by a wide channel.",
"It is located in deep ocean water.",
"It surrounds a small, central lagoon."
] | According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT characteristics of a barrier reef? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 3 |
[
"They were once fringing reefs around the coasts of islands.",
"They were first observed by Darwin during his voyage on the Beagle.",
"They will eventually become fringing reefs.",
"They are located where the ocean floor does not sink."
] | Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the Pacific atolls? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 0 |
[
"To emphasize that according to Darwin's view coral can grow at great depths",
"To indicate how scientists knew the rate at which Earth's crust had subsided",
"To support the claim that coral reefs take millions of years to form",
"To present the evidence that confirmed Darwin's account of coral reef evolutio... | Why does the passage provide the information that the drill holes in the Pacific atolls passed through more than a thousand meters of coral before reaching the rock substratum of the ocean floor? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 3 |
[
"Both are located near the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.",
"Both are home to a wide variety of species.",
"Both play an important role in protecting coastal islands.",
"Both are threatened by the erosion of nearby land."
] | According to paragraph 4, why have coral reefs been compared to tropical rain forests? | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 1 |
[
"powerful",
"possible",
"valuable",
"reliable"
] | The word "potential" in the passage is closest in meaning to | An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. Coral reefs are found where the ocean water temperature is not less than 21 °C, where there is a firm substratum, and where the seawater is not rendered too dark by excessive amounts of river-borne sediment. Th... | 2306.txt | 1 |
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