option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"The availability of certain foods",
"The differences in stomach structure",
"The physical nature of vegetation in the environment",
"The ability to migrate when food supplies are low"
] | Paragraph 2 suggests that which of the following is one of the most important factors in determining differences in feeding preferences of East African herbivores? | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 1 |
[
"They digest their food very quickly.",
"Microorganisms help them digest their food.",
"They are unable to digest large food particles unless these are chewed down considerably.",
"They survive well even if food supplies are not abundant."
] | According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of East African gazelles EXCEPT: | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 0 |
[
"as long as",
"unless",
"as if",
"even though"
] | The phrase provided that in the passage is closest in meaning to | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 0 |
[
"rapid",
"determined",
"flexible",
"demanding"
] | The word fastidious in the passage is closest in meaning to | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 3 |
[
"Topi",
"Zebra",
"Wildebeest",
"Gazelle"
] | According to paragraph 4, which of the following mammals exhibits a feeding behavior that is beneficial to the other herbivores that share the same habitat? | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 1 |
[
"They eat more stem matter than zebras do.",
"They are able to digest large food particles if the food is of a high quality.",
"They tend to choose feeding areas in which the vegetation has been worn down.",
"They are likely to choose low-quality food to eat in periods when the quantity of rainfall is low."
] | According to the passage, which of the following is true of wildebeests? | Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa. They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small... | 1602.txt | 2 |
[
"is sandy.",
"has the same temperature as a desert.",
"has little moisture and no lakes or rivers.",
"there are no people there."
] | Antarctica is called a desert because it | The Antarctica is a actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake.
The Antarctica is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches o... | 1568.txt | 2 |
[
"ten times as much moisture as the Sahara.",
"the same amount of moisture as the Sahara.",
"about one-tenth of the moisture of the Sahara.",
"none of the above."
] | Antarctica has | The Antarctica is a actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake.
The Antarctica is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches o... | 1568.txt | 0 |
[
"never stops falling.",
"piles up year after year.",
"never melts.",
"both B and"
] | The snow in Antarctica is very deep because it | The Antarctica is a actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake.
The Antarctica is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches o... | 1568.txt | 3 |
[
"it gets wet.",
"the next snowfall comes.",
"the temperature gets colder.",
"the snow above it is heavy enough."
] | The snow turns to ice when | The Antarctica is a actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake.
The Antarctica is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches o... | 1568.txt | 1 |
[
"A Strange Continent",
"An Ice Continent",
"Snowfall at the South Pole",
"The World's Desert"
] | The best title for the passage is | The Antarctica is a actually a desert. It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake.
The Antarctica is all ice all year round. The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole. Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snowfall. But less than ten inches o... | 1568.txt | 1 |
[
"she is a politician and enthusiastic opponent of apartheid",
"her work is of moral force but lacking in imagination",
"she has kept the true face of racism in front of us",
"her work presents the portrait of the development of South Africa"
] | It is true of Nadine Gordimer that . | Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear "armed and dangerous," as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the po... | 1057.txt | 2 |
[
"Violence should be used during the anti-apartheid struggle.",
"Novels are freer in expression and more faithful to truth.",
"Spritual equality is as important as political equality.",
"A writer is influenced by the context in which he or she is."
] | To which of the following statements would Nadine Gordimer be least likely to agree? | Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear "armed and dangerous," as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the po... | 1057.txt | 0 |
[
"apartheid's injustice still bring about social crimes today",
"South Africa is on the journey towards a multiracial democracy",
"multiracial democracy can help solve complex society problems",
"the influence of racism shows sign of increasing"
] | By "the present stems from the past"(Line 3, Paragraph 3), the author means _ . | Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear "armed and dangerous," as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the po... | 1057.txt | 0 |
[
"The racism and democracy of South Africa.",
"The relations between blacks and whites.",
"The growth of black consciousness.",
"Impacts of politics on the personal emotions."
] | What are the central themes of Gordimer's works? | Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear "armed and dangerous," as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the po... | 1057.txt | 3 |
[
"the oppressed blacks",
"resolute political fighters",
"men of extraordinary intelligence",
"short-sighted women"
] | Gordimer's main characters seem to be _ . | Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear "armed and dangerous," as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the po... | 1057.txt | 1 |
[
"He runs a pub that serves excellent beer.",
"He intends to get rid of the tipping practice.",
"He gives his staff a considerable sum for tips.",
"He lives comfortably without getting any tips."
] | What can we learn about Bill Perry from the passage? | As a person who writes about food and drink for a living. I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it bec... | 2164.txt | 1 |
[
"It sets a bad example for other industries.",
"It adds to the burden of ordinary customers.",
"It forces the customer to compensate the waiter.",
"It poses a great challenge for customers to do math."
] | What is the main reason why the author hates tipping? | As a person who writes about food and drink for a living. I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it bec... | 2164.txt | 2 |
[
"They help improve the quality of the restaurants they dine in.",
"They believe waiters deserve such rewards for good service.",
"They want to preserve a wonderful tradition of the industry.",
"They can have some say in how much their servers earn."
] | Why do many people love tipping according to the author? | As a person who writes about food and drink for a living. I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it bec... | 2164.txt | 3 |
[
"Service quality has little effect on tip size.",
"It is in human mature to try to save on tips.",
"Tips make it more difficult to please customers.",
"Tips benefit the boss rather that the employees."
] | What have some waiters come to realize according to a survey? | As a person who writes about food and drink for a living. I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it bec... | 2164.txt | 0 |
[
"Restaurants should calculate the tips for customers.",
"Customers should pay more tips to help improve service.",
"Waiters deserve better than just relying on tips for a living.",
"Waiters should be paid by employers instead of customers."
] | What does the author argue for in the passage? | As a person who writes about food and drink for a living. I couldn't tell you the first thing about Bill Perry or whether the beers he sells are that great. But I can tell you that I like this guy. That's because he plans to ban tipping in favor of paying his servers an actual living wage.
I hate tipping.
I hate it bec... | 2164.txt | 3 |
[
"They have more slums than other cities in the world.",
"They are growing fast without becoming richer.",
"They are as modernised as many cities elsewhere.",
"They attract migrants who want to be better off."
] | What do we learn from the passage about cities in sub-Saharan Africa? | Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What's indisputable is that it's growing very quickly. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums; migrants are often not ... | 2399.txt | 1 |
[
"It benefited from the contribution of immigrants.",
"It started when people's income was relatively high.",
"It benefited from the accelerated rise in productivity.",
"It started with the improvement of peopled livelihood."
] | What does the author imply about urbanisation in other parts of the world? | Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What's indisputable is that it's growing very quickly. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums; migrants are often not ... | 2399.txt | 1 |
[
"It lacks adequate transport facilities.",
"The living expenses there are too high.",
"It is on the whole too densely populated.",
"The local governments are corrupted."
] | Why is sub-Saharan Africa unappealing to investors? | Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What's indisputable is that it's growing very quickly. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums; migrants are often not ... | 2399.txt | 0 |
[
"They have attracted huge numbers of farm labourers.",
"They still rely heavily on agricultural productivity.",
"They have developed at the expense of nature.",
"They depend far more on foreign investment."
] | In what way does the author say African cities are different? | Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What's indisputable is that it's growing very quickly. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums; migrants are often not ... | 2399.txt | 2 |
[
"Lowering of apartment rent.",
"Better education for residents.",
"More rational overall planning.",
"A more responsible government."
] | What might be a solution to the problems facing African cities? | Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What's indisputable is that it's growing very quickly. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums; migrants are often not ... | 2399.txt | 3 |
[
"they loved adventures",
"producers relied on their work",
"they shared their new ideas with other people freely",
"they redesigned their equipments"
] | The author compares windsurfers in Hawaii with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software because _ . | Windsurfers in Hawaii might not seem to have much in common with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software as part of the open-source movement. But in the late '70s, the surfers freely swapped ideas on how to redesign their equipment right on the beach, and sporting-goods makers were quick to pick up on innov... | 505.txt | 2 |
[
"Indifferent.",
"Apprehensive.",
"Indignant.",
"Happy."
] | What is businesses' attitude toward Linux's open source? | Windsurfers in Hawaii might not seem to have much in common with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software as part of the open-source movement. But in the late '70s, the surfers freely swapped ideas on how to redesign their equipment right on the beach, and sporting-goods makers were quick to pick up on innov... | 505.txt | 3 |
[
"patented drugs are expensive because they close off innovation",
"independent researchers are more innovative",
"BioBricks allows researchers from the world to share their ideas with each other",
"new uses for existing drugs violate patents"
] | It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that _ . | Windsurfers in Hawaii might not seem to have much in common with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software as part of the open-source movement. But in the late '70s, the surfers freely swapped ideas on how to redesign their equipment right on the beach, and sporting-goods makers were quick to pick up on innov... | 505.txt | 2 |
[
"satisfy",
"attract",
"repel",
"persuade"
] | The word" entice" （Line 1, Paragraph 4）most probably means _ . | Windsurfers in Hawaii might not seem to have much in common with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software as part of the open-source movement. But in the late '70s, the surfers freely swapped ideas on how to redesign their equipment right on the beach, and sporting-goods makers were quick to pick up on innov... | 505.txt | 1 |
[
"farmers can lower their cost if they know how to breed seeds through open innovation",
"genetically modified food has a bright perspective",
"it can break the monopoly of big companies",
"it is an important part of democracy"
] | According to the text, open innovation is promising in the field of plant genetics because _ . | Windsurfers in Hawaii might not seem to have much in common with the geeks who these days tinker with Linux software as part of the open-source movement. But in the late '70s, the surfers freely swapped ideas on how to redesign their equipment right on the beach, and sporting-goods makers were quick to pick up on innov... | 505.txt | 0 |
[
"national parks in England",
"most parts of Scotland",
"crowded lowland Britain",
"most parts of England"
] | You needn't ask for permission when camping in . | Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at it best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness. It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusivelyand leave no mark.
Wild camping is not permitted in many plac... | 3532.txt | 0 |
[
"with easy access",
"used previously",
"with modern conveniences",
"far away from beaches"
] | The author thinks that a good campsite is one . | Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at it best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness. It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusivelyand leave no mark.
Wild camping is not permitted in many plac... | 3532.txt | 1 |
[
"protecting animals",
"building a campfire",
"camping in woodland",
"finding a campsite with privacy"
] | The last paragraph mainly deals with. | Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at it best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness. It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusivelyand leave no mark.
Wild camping is not permitted in many plac... | 3532.txt | 2 |
[
"the protection of campsites",
"the importance of wild camping",
"the human influence on campsites",
"the dos and don'ts of wild camping"
] | The passage is mainly about. | Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at it best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness. It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusivelyand leave no mark.
Wild camping is not permitted in many plac... | 3532.txt | 3 |
[
"they use proper words to carry their ideas.",
"they both speak truly of their own feelings.",
"they try to understand each other's ideas beyond words.",
"they are capable of associating meaning with their words."
] | Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if _ . | Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the m... | 54.txt | 3 |
[
"I'm just calling your attention.",
"I'm just kidding.",
"I'm just saying the opposite.",
"I'm just giving off some sound."
] | "I'm letting off some steam" in paragraph 1 means _ . | Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the m... | 54.txt | 1 |
[
"the step has been like that for years.",
"he doesn't think it necessary to fix the step.",
"the condition of the step is only a minor fault.",
"the cost involved in the fixing should be shared."
] | The house-owner's example shows that he actually means _ . | Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the m... | 54.txt | 0 |
[
"linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.",
"seen as one's habitual pattern of behavior.",
"taken as part of an ordering sequence.",
"expressed to a series of charges."
] | Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if _ . | Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the m... | 54.txt | 1 |
[
"without true intention.",
"light-heartedly.",
"in a way of ceremony.",
"with less emphasis."
] | The word "ritualistically" in the last paragraph equals something done _ . | Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the m... | 54.txt | 2 |
[
"It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.",
"It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.",
"It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.",
"It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans."
] | In paragraph 1, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans? | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 1 |
[
"It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like",
"There were great numbers of them.",
"They lived in the sea only.",
"They did not leave many fossil remains."
] | Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters? | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 0 |
[
"Exact",
"Scarce",
"Valuable",
"Initial"
] | The word precious (paragraph 3)in the passage is closest in meaning to | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 2 |
[
"Hearing structures",
"Adaptations for diving",
"Skull shapes",
"Breeding locations"
] | Pakicetus and modern cetaceans have similar | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 2 |
[
"Pakicetus",
"Fish",
"Life",
"ocean"
] | The word it(paragraph 3)in the passage paragraph 3 refers to | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 0 |
[
"Explained",
"Visible",
"Identified",
"Located"
] | The word exposed in the passage(paragraph 4)is closest in meaning to | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 1 |
[
"Lived later than Ambulocetus natans",
"Lived at the same time as Pakicetus",
"Was able to swim well",
"Could not have walked on land"
] | The hind leg of Basilosaurus was a significant find because it showed that Basilosaurus | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 3 |
[
"On land",
"Both on land and at sea",
"In shallow water",
"In a marine environment"
] | It can be inferred that Basilosaurus bred and gave birth in which of the following locations | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 3 |
[
"Fossil legs of early whales are a rare find.",
"The legs provided important information about the evolution of cetaceans.",
"The discovery allowed scientists to reconstruct a complete skeleton of the whale.",
"Until that time, only the front legs of early whales had been discovered."
] | Why does the author use the word luckily in mentioning that the Ambulocetus natans fossil included hind legs? | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 1 |
[
"Staying afloat",
"Changing direction",
"Decreasing weight",
"Moving forward"
] | The word propulsion(paragraph 5)in the passage is closest in meaning to | It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.However... | 1344.txt | 3 |
[
"focus on the role of electronic media and reading",
"show that American young people read less and less",
"give a report of the national of literary reading",
"review that less than half of the population now reads literature"
] | The main purpose of the survey is to _ . | For the first time in modern history,less than half of the U.S.adult population now reads literature,according to a recent survey.Reading at Risk A Survey of Lilerary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading's role in the nation's culture.
Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion i... | 3639.txt | 2 |
[
"requires less attention and devotion",
"demands no more than passive participation",
"limits various communications and views",
"means active participation in public and cultural life"
] | According to the passage ,reading _ . | For the first time in modern history,less than half of the U.S.adult population now reads literature,according to a recent survey.Reading at Risk A Survey of Lilerary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading's role in the nation's culture.
Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion i... | 3639.txt | 3 |
[
"misunderstands oral culture",
"doubts the Americans to read more",
"encourages the Americans to read more",
"agrees to the solution to present problem in reading"
] | The author of the passage _ . | For the first time in modern history,less than half of the U.S.adult population now reads literature,according to a recent survey.Reading at Risk A Survey of Lilerary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading's role in the nation's culture.
Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion i... | 3639.txt | 2 |
[
"listing the consequences of each solution",
"calculating a numerical summary of each solution",
"writing down all possible solutions",
"deciding which consequences are most important"
] | Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet. | Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theore... | 1028.txt | 2 |
[
"has the fewest variables to consider",
"uses the most decision worksheets",
"has the most points assigned to it",
"is agreed to by the greatest number of people"
] | According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that _ . | Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theore... | 1028.txt | 2 |
[
"describing a process",
"classifying different types",
"providing historical background",
"explaining a theory"
] | The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of _ . | Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theore... | 1028.txt | 0 |
[
"neural",
"approving",
"ambiguous",
"biased"
] | The author's attitude towards a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is _ . | Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theore... | 1028.txt | 1 |
[
"a tool to assist in making complex decisions",
"a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions",
"research on how people make decisions",
"differences between making long-range and short-range decisions"
] | The passage mainly discusses _ . | Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.
Psychologists who study optimization ( ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theore... | 1028.txt | 0 |
[
"Common",
"Noticeable",
"Different",
"Colorful"
] | The phrase conspicuous in the passage is closest in meaning to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 1 |
[
"Signs that make an animal visible to its species also make it visible to predators.",
"An animal that changes color to avoid predators can confuse members of its species.",
"Changing light may require an animal to move beyond the visual range of other members.",
"The animal may mistakenly signal aggression w... | According to paragraph 2, what is problematic about an animal's sending visual signals to members of its own species? | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 0 |
[
"change",
"imitate",
"communicate",
"hide"
] | The word signal in the passage (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 2 |
[
"changing seasons",
"to signal others of their species",
"to match the light",
"to hide from predators"
] | According to paragraph 2, all of the following are reasons amphibians and reptiles change color EXCEPT | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 0 |
[
"warm their wings in order to open them",
"compete with each other",
"take advantage of favorable light conditions on the forest floor",
"imitate birds of paradise"
] | According to paragraph 3, butterflies move into spots of sunlight in order to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 2 |
[
"It reveals only the yellow and green colors animals use to signal each other.",
"It reflects the yellow and green colors to make the floor as bright as sunshine.",
"It camouflages animals whose natural colors are yellow and green.",
"It consists mostly of yellow-to-green wavelengths."
] | According to paragraph 4, what is true about light that reaches ground level? | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 3 |
[
"Coloring",
"Enlarging",
"Loosening",
"Heating"
] | The word inflating in the passage (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 1 |
[
"Yellow and green are better colors for signaling than red and orange colors.",
"Orange and red are brighter colors than yellow and green.",
"Yellow and green are likely to be more common in the background than red and orange.",
"Orange and red colors do not contrast as well with the forest floor as yellow an... | Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 4 about yellow and green colors compared with red and orange colors at the bottom of the forest? | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 2 |
[
"These species are less able to see color. and therefore they communicate with one another using nonvisual signals.",
"These species generally live in less densely wooded environments than more colorful birds and animals do.",
"The cries of these species do not carry as well over distances as the cries of more ... | What can be inferred from paragraph 5 about the less colorful birds and animals that inhabit the forest? | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 3 |
[
"obstruction",
"effort",
"delay",
"resistance"
] | The word impediment in the passage (paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 0 |
[
"repeats",
"makes use of",
"increases the intensity of",
"recognizes"
] | The word exploits in the passage (paragraph 5) is closest in meaning to | The daytime quality of light in forests varies with the density of the vegetation, the angle of the Sun, and the amount of cloud in the sky. Both animals and plants have different appearances in these various lighting conditions. A color or pattern that is relatively indistinct in one kind of light may be quite conspic... | 609.txt | 1 |
[
"show the primitive medical practice in the past.",
"demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.",
"stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.",
"reveal some unknown aspect of his life."
] | George Washington's dental surgery is mentioned to | In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw - having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
That's a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from... | 2678.txt | 3 |
[
"DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.",
"in its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.",
"historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson's life.",
"political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history."
] | We may infer from the second paragraph that | In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw - having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
That's a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from... | 2678.txt | 1 |
[
"His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.",
"His status as a father made him free the child slaves.",
"His attitude towards slavery was complex.",
"His affair with a slave stained his prestige."
] | What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson? | In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw - having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
That's a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from... | 2678.txt | 2 |
[
"Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.",
"Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.",
"Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.",
"Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution."
] | Which of the following is true according to the text? | In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw - having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
That's a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from... | 2678.txt | 0 |
[
"moral considerations.",
"military experience.",
"financial conditions.",
"political stand."
] | Washington's decision to free slaves originated from his | In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw - having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
That's a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from... | 2678.txt | 1 |
[
"our self-ratings are unrealistically high",
"illusory superiority is baseless effect",
"our need for leadership is unnatural",
"self-enhancing strategies are ineffective"
] | According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that _____. | An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of r... | 4150.txt | 0 |
[
"rapid watching",
"conscious choice",
"intuitive response",
"automatic self-defence"
] | Visual recognition is believed to be people's _____. | An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of r... | 4150.txt | 2 |
[
"underestimate their insecurities",
"believe in their attractiveness",
"cover up their depressions",
"oversimplify their illusions"
] | Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to _____. | An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of r... | 4150.txt | 1 |
[
"instinctively",
"occasionally",
"particularly",
"aggressively"
] | The word "viscerally" (Para. 5) is closest in meaning to _____. | An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of r... | 4150.txt | 0 |
[
"present their dishonest profiles",
"define their traditional life styles",
"share their intellectual pursuits",
"withhold their unflattering sides"
] | It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer's paradise because people can _____. | An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of r... | 4150.txt | 3 |
[
"analyzing the mutually advantageous relationship between two species",
"comparing two forms of hermaphroditism among clown fish",
"describing and explaining aspects of clown-fish behavior",
"outlining proposed research on clown-fish reproduction"
] | The passage is primarily concerned with | A special mucous coating that serves as a chemical camouflage allows clown fish to live among the deadly tentacles of the unsuspecting sea anemone.Utterly dependent on this unlikely host for protection from predators, clown fish have evolved in isolated communities, a pattern that has led to unusual behavioral adaptati... | 1929.txt | 2 |
[
"be incapable of sexual transformation",
"be vulnerable to predators",
"have no reliable source of food",
"have to lay their eggs in the open"
] | According to the passage, adult clown fish would be at a disadvantage if they were not associated with sea anemones because the clown fish would. | A special mucous coating that serves as a chemical camouflage allows clown fish to live among the deadly tentacles of the unsuspecting sea anemone.Utterly dependent on this unlikely host for protection from predators, clown fish have evolved in isolated communities, a pattern that has led to unusual behavioral adaptati... | 1929.txt | 1 |
[
"the male clown fish were larger than the female",
"each sea anemone were occupied by several varieties of clown fish",
"many mature clown fish of both sexes occupied each sea anemone",
"juvenile clown fish had a high mortality rate"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that sex change would have been less necessary for the clown fish if | A special mucous coating that serves as a chemical camouflage allows clown fish to live among the deadly tentacles of the unsuspecting sea anemone.Utterly dependent on this unlikely host for protection from predators, clown fish have evolved in isolated communities, a pattern that has led to unusual behavioral adaptati... | 1929.txt | 2 |
[
"They highlight the threat it poses to their industries.",
"They never pay attention to this unworthy competitor.",
"They did not obviously worry about the appearance of Airbnb.",
"TheY are optimistic about their close cooperation in future."
] | What is the reaction of other competitors to the appearance of Airbnb? | Room for all，for now.
But there are signs that the sharing siteis starting to threaten budget hotels.Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry.The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that the... | 1254.txt | 2 |
[
"Airbnb will never swallow the whole of hotel industry's lunch.",
"Airbnb may threaten the status of luxury and business hotels.",
"Airbnb had cut a great deal of the revenues of budget hotels.",
"Airbnb probably has a bright future among its competitors."
] | What does the Texas study show about the future ofAirbnb in Para.47 | Room for all，for now.
But there are signs that the sharing siteis starting to threaten budget hotels.Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry.The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that the... | 1254.txt | 3 |
[
"Airbnb will become a powerful competitor in the future market.",
"Airbnb should be responsible for the woe of smA.ler hotels.",
"Airbnb's going up correlates with others'going down.",
"Airbnb would capture 10％takings ofbudget hotels by 2016."
] | What can we infer from the statements ofPara.57 | Room for all，for now.
But there are signs that the sharing siteis starting to threaten budget hotels.Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry.The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that the... | 1254.txt | 0 |
[
"Willingly collaborating with the four largest global hotel groups.",
"Cooperating with online travel agencies and increasing the share of its hosts.",
"Beating against all the potential rivals to gain its market shares.",
"Expanding its online bookings by the help of online travel agencies."
] | What can Airbnb do to be a surprisingly unignorable competitor? | Room for all，for now.
But there are signs that the sharing siteis starting to threaten budget hotels.Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry.The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that the... | 1254.txt | 1 |
[
"Everyone will have a private room as soon as possible.",
"The online travel agencies will offer us a room quickly.",
"It is quite convenient for people to book rooms on sharing site.",
"The information on sharing site is useful for us to book rooms."
] | What's the meaning of"Room for all.for now."? | Room for all，for now.
But there are signs that the sharing siteis starting to threaten budget hotels.Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry.The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that the... | 1254.txt | 2 |
[
"started sleep more easily",
"were more anxious",
"were less active",
"woke up later"
] | According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk _ . | A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night's sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off-if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that "night milk" contains more melatonin, which has been proven to help people feel sleepy ... | 499.txt | 1 |
[
"It's been tested on mice for ten times.",
"It can make people more energetic.",
"It exists in milk in great amount.",
"It's used in sleeping drugs."
] | Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text? | A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night's sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off-if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that "night milk" contains more melatonin, which has been proven to help people feel sleepy ... | 499.txt | 3 |
[
"Night Milk and Sleep",
"Fat, Sugar and Health",
"An Experiment on Mice",
"Milk Drinking and Health"
] | What can be a suitable title for the text? | A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night's sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off-if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that "night milk" contains more melatonin, which has been proven to help people feel sleepy ... | 499.txt | 0 |
[
"By giving examples.",
"By stating arguments.",
"By explaining statistical data.",
"By providing research results."
] | How does the author support the theme of the text? | A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night's sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off-if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that "night milk" contains more melatonin, which has been proven to help people feel sleepy ... | 499.txt | 3 |
[
"infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools.",
"whether children under the age of three should be sent to nursery schools.",
"there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three.",
"there is some negative effect on children when they are sen... | This passage primarily argues that _ . | The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive"attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and lead to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day c... | 3903.txt | 1 |
[
"lead to",
"dispose to",
"get into",
"tend to suffer"
] | The phrase ―predispose to‖ (Para. 1, line 3) most probably means _ . | The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive"attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and lead to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day c... | 3903.txt | 3 |
[
"children's personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents.",
"early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.",
"children will be exposed to many negative effects from early day care later on.",
"some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from chil... | According to Bowlby's analysis, it is quite possible that _ . | The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive"attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and lead to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day c... | 3903.txt | 2 |
[
"traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age.",
"Children in modern societies cause more troubles than those in traditional societies.",
"A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni.",
"Children in some societies did not have emotional problems when separated fr... | It is implied but not stated in the second paragraph that _ . | The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive"attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and lead to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day c... | 3903.txt | 0 |
[
"it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.",
"It is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.",
"It is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school.",
"It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school."
] | The writer concludes that _ . | The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive"attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and lead to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day c... | 3903.txt | 3 |
[
"To take special kinds of food",
"To respond to climate change.",
"To lose weight",
"To improve their health"
] | Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? | We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more-doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.
Not long age. My wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet-not to lose a littl... | 3510.txt | 1 |
[
"it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time",
"it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2",
"the average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a month",
"the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that | We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more-doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.
Not long age. My wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet-not to lose a littl... | 3510.txt | 1 |
[
"human activities have changed the way turtles survive",
"efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out",
"government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles' extinction",
"marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles' reproduction"
] | We can learn from the first paragraph that ________. | For hundreds of millions of years, turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water's edge lest they become disori... | 963.txt | 1 |
[
"Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles.",
"Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities.",
"The course of nature will not be changed by human interference.",
"The turtle population has decreased in spite of human protection."
] | What does the author mean by "Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness" (Line 1, Para. 2)? | For hundreds of millions of years, turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water's edge lest they become disori... | 963.txt | 3 |
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