option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"contrast today's Beringian landscape with other landscapes in the American continent",
"describe the Beringian landscape during the last ice age",
"explain why so many Beringian species became extinct during the last ice age",
"summarize the information about Beringia that historians agree on"
] | The purpose of paragraph 3 is to | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 1 |
[
"unpredictable",
"very cold",
"dangerous",
"uninterrupted"
] | The word "continuous" in the passage is closest in meaning to | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 3 |
[
"Large mammals would not have been able to survive in the Beringian landscape.",
"Grasslands were part of the Beringian landscape.",
"Strong winds exposed dry grasses under the snow.",
"Horses and bison did not have the ability to search for food through deep snow cover.."
] | According to paragraph 4, Guthrie believes that the teeth of ice-age fauna support which of the following conclusions? | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 1 |
[
"When present in sufficient quantities, lichens and mosses provide enough nutrients to satisfy the needs of herds of large mammals.",
"The anatomy of certain animals present in that environment provides information about the intensity of winds there at that time.",
"The structure of the teeth of most ice-age fa... | According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements is true of the relationship between ice- age Benngian animals and their environment? | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 1 |
[
"how long the ice age lasted",
"how important pollen is as a source of food",
"how many different kinds of plants produce pollen",
"how little vegetation must have been present at that time"
] | In paragraph 5, the amount of pollen in Beringian lake sediments from the last ice age is used to explain | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 3 |
[
"To suggest that Colinvaux should have used different methods to measure the amount of pollen in ice-age lake sediments",
"To argue that the large Beringian mammals must have eaten plants that produce little, if any, pollen",
"To show that the conclusions that Colinvaux drew from the analysis of pollen in ice-a... | According to paragraph 5, how did Dale Guthrie use the information about radiocarbon analysis of bones from Benngian deposits? | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 2 |
[
"preferable",
"practical",
"reasonable",
"advantageous"
] | The word "plausible" in the passage is closest in meaning to | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 2 |
[
"Two contrasting views are presented, and a study that could decide between them is proposed",
"An argument is offered, and reasons both for and against the argument are presented",
"A claim is made, and a study supporting the claim is described",
"New information is presented, and the information is used to ... | Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 6 ? | During the peak of the last ice age, northeast Asia (SiberiA. and Alaska were connected by a broad land mass called the Bering Land Bridge. This land bridge existed because so much of Earth's water was frozen in the great ice sheets that sea levels were over 100 meters lower than they are today. Between 25,000 and 10,0... | 2464.txt | 3 |
[
"To help explain why some scientists believe that the development of flowering plants led to dinosaur extinction",
"To cast doubt on the theory that the development of flowering plants caused dinosaurs to become extinct",
"To suggest that dinosaurs were able to survive for as long as they did because of the ava... | In paragraph 1, why does the author include a discussion of when flowering plants evolved? | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 1 |
[
"inevitably",
"gradually",
"Supposedly",
"Increasingly"
] | The word "allegedly" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 2 |
[
"mammals would not have been capable of eating dinosaur eggs",
"mammals did not appear in any significant numbers until after the Late Triassic",
"mammals and dinosaurs did not, in fact, compete for any of the same resources",
"mammals and dinosaurs lived together for roughly 120 million years before the exti... | According to paragraph 1 the extinction of the dinosaurs is unlikely to have been the result of competition from mammals because | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 3 |
[
"Dinosaurs became extinct so long ago that no theory about their disappearance can be proven scientifically.",
"Dinosaurs were not the only organisms that went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period.",
"More marine organisms went extinct during the Cretaceous than did dinosaur species.",
"It is more impo... | According to paragraph 2, what is problematic about some scientists' focus on dinosaur extinction? | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 1 |
[
"early species of whales",
"marine reptiles",
"various species of clams",
"many species of land plants"
] | According to paragraph 2, each of the following became extinct during the K-T event EXCEPT | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 0 |
[
"They were among the largest creatures that ever lived.",
"They existed at the lowest level of the food chain.",
"They had been able to survive in the Mesozoic seas.",
"They had survived many previous mass extinctions."
] | What makes the extinction of "the ammonites" especially significant? | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 3 |
[
"slowed",
"stopped",
"contracted",
"declined"
] | The word "halted" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 1 |
[
"exclusively",
"mainly",
"initially",
"Wrongly"
] | The word "strictly" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 0 |
[
"collapse",
"disturbance",
"critical situation",
"loss"
] | The word "crisis" in the passage is closest in meaning to | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 2 |
[
"Paragraph 3 provides an alternative explanation to the one provided in paragraph 2.",
"Paragraph 3 provides an explanation that satisfies the conditions set forth in paragraph 2.",
"Paragraph 3 provides the facts to support the theory presented in paragraph 2.",
"Paragraph 3 presents a theory that calls into... | How does paragraph 3 relate to paragraph 2? | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 1 |
[
"Why did the bolide fall to Earth",
"How fast was the bolide traveling",
"How was the bolide capable of generating a shock wave",
"How did the bolide cause flood damage to the Caribbean"
] | Paragraph 3 answers all of the following questions EXCEPT: | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 0 |
[
"sunlight being blocked for months by dust and smoke in Earth's atmosphere",
"widespread flooding that followed the displacement of huge volumes of seawater",
"the leveling of the landscape by the shock wave that was generated when the bolide struck Earth",
"the rise in global temperatures caused by the fires... | Paragraph 3 strongly suggests that if the bolide impact theory is correct, the majority of the extinctions associated with the K-T event resulted from | Dinosaurs rapidly became extinct about 65 million years ago as part of a mass extinction known as the K-T event, because it is associated with a geological signature known as the K-T boundary, usually a thin band of sedimentation found in various parts of the world (K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous,... | 2872.txt | 0 |
[
"people may forget them",
"your friends may write down incorrectly",
"postmen may make mistakes",
"machines may go wrong"
] | The main problem with any postal codes, according to the passage, is that | There's one thing above all wrong with the new British postal codes: not everyone has that sort of memory. Some of us, of course, forget even house numbers and the present postal districts, but that matters less when there is a human being at every stage to spot the mistake. When all the sorting is done in one operatio... | 1485.txt | 0 |
[
"giving an efficient service",
"being new and improved",
"being quick to use",
"being easy to use"
] | The British Post Office praises the codes as _ . | There's one thing above all wrong with the new British postal codes: not everyone has that sort of memory. Some of us, of course, forget even house numbers and the present postal districts, but that matters less when there is a human being at every stage to spot the mistake. When all the sorting is done in one operatio... | 1485.txt | 0 |
[
"letters spaced out",
"numbers in order",
"sets of letters and numbers",
"letters and numbers separately"
] | The British codes are described as being _ . | There's one thing above all wrong with the new British postal codes: not everyone has that sort of memory. Some of us, of course, forget even house numbers and the present postal districts, but that matters less when there is a human being at every stage to spot the mistake. When all the sorting is done in one operatio... | 1485.txt | 2 |
[
"throughout the country",
"in all post offices with trained staff",
"in all post offices",
"in some post offices with machines"
] | The system is now being used_ . | There's one thing above all wrong with the new British postal codes: not everyone has that sort of memory. Some of us, of course, forget even house numbers and the present postal districts, but that matters less when there is a human being at every stage to spot the mistake. When all the sorting is done in one operatio... | 1485.txt | 3 |
[
"to find out",
"to write",
"to spell",
"to read out"
] | The businessman found his post codes was difficult | There's one thing above all wrong with the new British postal codes: not everyone has that sort of memory. Some of us, of course, forget even house numbers and the present postal districts, but that matters less when there is a human being at every stage to spot the mistake. When all the sorting is done in one operatio... | 1485.txt | 3 |
[
"The Britons got expensive tea from India.",
"Tea reached Britain from Holland.",
"The Britons were the first people in Europe who drank tea.",
"It was not until the 17th century that the Britons had tea."
] | Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain? | Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland... | 1819.txt | 1 |
[
"the history of tea drinking in Britain",
"how tea became a popular drink in Britain",
"how the Britons got the habit of drinking tea",
"how tea-time was born"
] | This passage mainly discusses . | Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland... | 1819.txt | 0 |
[
"in eighteenth century",
"in sixteenth century",
"in seventeenth century",
"in the late seventeenth century"
] | Tea became a popular drink in Britain . | Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland... | 1819.txt | 2 |
[
"it tasted like milk",
"it tasted more pleasant",
"it became a popular drink",
"Madame de Sevinge was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea"
] | People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because . | Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland... | 1819.txt | 3 |
[
"a famous French lady",
"the ancient Chinese",
"the upper social class",
"people in Holland"
] | We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of . | Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland... | 1819.txt | 2 |
[
"How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds",
"The differences between a baby's and an adult's ability to comprehend language",
"How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their earliest stages of language development",
"The response of babies to sounds other tha... | What does the passage mainly discuss? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 2 |
[
"To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds",
"To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry",
"To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds",
"To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like"
] | Why does the author mention a bell and a rattle in lines 4-5? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 0 |
[
"To demonstrate how difficult it is for babies to interpret emotions",
"To illustrate that a six-week-old baby can already distinguish some language differences",
"To provide an example of ways adults speak to babies",
"To give a reason for babies' difficulty in distinguishing one adult from another"
] | Why does the author mention syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections in lines 7-8? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 1 |
[
"surrounding",
"divided",
"different",
"stimulating"
] | The word "diverse" in line 14 is closest in meaning to | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 2 |
[
"theorized",
"requested",
"disagreed",
"observed"
] | The word "noted" in line 17 is closest in meaning to | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 3 |
[
"mothers",
"investigators",
"babies",
"words"
] | The word "They" in line 18 refers to | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 0 |
[
"giving all words equal emphasis",
"speaking with shorter sentences",
"speaking more loudly than normal",
"using meaningless sounds"
] | The passage mentions all of the following as ways adults modify their speech when talking to babies EXCEPT | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 0 |
[
"stress",
"repeat",
"explain",
"leave out"
] | The word "emphasize" in line 19 is closest in meaning to | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 0 |
[
"Babies who are exposed to more than one language can speak earlier than babies exposed to a single language.",
"Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in similar ways.",
"Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending aural language.",
"The mothers observed by the researchers were conscious... | Which of the following can be inferred about the findings described in paragraph 2? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 1 |
[
"Babies begin to understand words in songs.",
"Babies exaggerate their own sounds and expressions.",
"Babies are more sensitive to sounds than are adults.",
"Babies notice even minor differences between speech sounds."
] | What point does the author make to illustrate that babies are born with the ability to acquire language? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 3 |
[
"They understand the rhythm.",
"They enjoy the sound.",
"They can remember them easily.",
"They focus on the meaning of their parents' words."
] | According to the author, why do babies listen to songs and stories, even though they cannot understand them? | Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking... | 360.txt | 1 |
[
"a religious activity celebrating the open-innovation movement.",
"the anti-establishment movement.",
"a movement advocating the innovation.",
"an activity calling for open innovation."
] | "Summer of Love" is probably _ | Berkeley seems like a fitting place to find the godfather of the open-innovation movement basking in glory. The Californian village was, after all, at the very heart of the anti-establishment movement of the 1960s and has spawned plenty of radical thinkers. One of them, Henry Chesbrough, a business professor at the Uni... | 3548.txt | 1 |
[
"$ 2.87 billion.",
"$ 1.075 billion.",
"$ 2.15 billion.",
"$ 4.3 billion."
] | According to the passage, the annual profits of P&G in 2001 was about _ | Berkeley seems like a fitting place to find the godfather of the open-innovation movement basking in glory. The Californian village was, after all, at the very heart of the anti-establishment movement of the 1960s and has spawned plenty of radical thinkers. One of them, Henry Chesbrough, a business professor at the Uni... | 3548.txt | 0 |
[
"it embraced an open-source software language that is widely supported by the \"creative commons\".",
"it endows people inside and outside the company with the access to the software patents it owns.",
"it encourages an extensive public involvement in the development of new software for the company.",
"it ind... | IBM now gushes about being part of the "open-innovation community" in that _ | Berkeley seems like a fitting place to find the godfather of the open-innovation movement basking in glory. The Californian village was, after all, at the very heart of the anti-establishment movement of the 1960s and has spawned plenty of radical thinkers. One of them, Henry Chesbrough, a business professor at the Uni... | 3548.txt | 2 |
[
"its progrmmers around the world develop Linux essentially at no cost.",
"it makes money by providing its client with toll services supporting the operating system instead.",
"it could save a lot of money by using open-source software.",
"it has shifted its R&D outside, which save a lot of money."
] | IBM could provide its clients with cheap operating system because _ | Berkeley seems like a fitting place to find the godfather of the open-innovation movement basking in glory. The Californian village was, after all, at the very heart of the anti-establishment movement of the 1960s and has spawned plenty of radical thinkers. One of them, Henry Chesbrough, a business professor at the Uni... | 3548.txt | 1 |
[
"their competitors will would lose their market share gradually which would be taken by R&D.",
"they fail to adopt the new model of open business which would pave the way to constant business success.",
"they do not recognize the best time to shift their backward business model.",
"they will be sifted out by ... | According to the last paragrph, if their competitors do not do the same they will be in trouble because _ | Berkeley seems like a fitting place to find the godfather of the open-innovation movement basking in glory. The Californian village was, after all, at the very heart of the anti-establishment movement of the 1960s and has spawned plenty of radical thinkers. One of them, Henry Chesbrough, a business professor at the Uni... | 3548.txt | 3 |
[
"How patterns in rock layers have been used to construct theories about the climate of the Proterozoic age",
"What some rare fossils indicate about glacial conditions during the late Proterozoic age",
"The varying characteristics of Proterozoic glacial varves in different parts of the world",
"The number of g... | Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 0 |
[
"highly regarded because it preserves the remains of many kinds of organisms",
"less informative than the fossil record of more recent periods",
"very difficult to interpret due to damage from bacteria",
"more useful to researchers than otheraspects of the rock record"
] | According to the passage , the fossil record of the Proterozoic eon is | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 1 |
[
"ancient",
"tiny",
"available",
"rare"
] | The word "scarce" in line 4 is closest in meaning to | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 3 |
[
"similar conditions produce similar rock formations",
"rock layers in a given region remain undisturbed over time",
"different kinds of sedimentary rocks may have similar origins",
"each continent has its own distinctive pattern of sediment layers"
] | It can be inferred from the passage that the principle of uniformitarianism indicates that | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 0 |
[
"result from",
"penetrate",
"look like",
"replace have similar origins"
] | The word "resemble" in line 14 is closest in meaning to | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 2 |
[
"fossilized bacteria",
"pieces of ancient dropstones",
"a combination of ancient and recent sediments",
"annual cycles of sediment transport and deposition"
] | According to the passage , the layers in varves are primarily formed by | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 3 |
[
"annual cycle",
"glacial lake",
"layer of sediment",
"season"
] | The phrase "the other" in line 17 refers to another | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 2 |
[
"the glacial environment has been unusually servere",
"the fine-grained sediment has built up very slowly",
"there has been a global ice age",
"coarse rock material has been carried great distances"
] | According to the passage , the presence of dropstones indicates that | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 2 |
[
"To demonstrate the global spread of dropstones",
"To explain the principles of varve formation",
"To provide evidence for the theory that there was a global ice age in the early Proterozoic eon",
"To illustrate the varied climatic changes of the Proterozoic eon in different parts of the globe"
] | Why does the author mention Canada, North America, Africa, India, and Europe in lines 23-24? | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 2 |
[
"fossil record (line 3)",
"laminae (line 13)",
"varves (line14)",
"glacial episodes (line 28)"
] | Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ? | There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic eon. Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic history comes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. Th... | 406.txt | 2 |
[
"fat.",
"water.",
"muscles.",
"plastics."
] | If you work out less than 40 minutes, you are actually losing | Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately... | 1261.txt | 1 |
[
"they overdo exercise at the very beginning and slow down gradually.",
"they not do exercise to avoid injury.",
"they start slowly and gradually increase the workout.",
"ignore the injury and sore muscle and persevere in doing the exercise."
] | Paragraph 3 suggests people that | Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately... | 1261.txt | 2 |
[
"Doing intense exercise for 60 minutes or more increases appetite.",
"Doing gentle exercise for much more than 60 minute might increase appetite.",
"Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will probably reduce appetite.",
"Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will not lower blood sugar."
] | Which statement is NOT true according to Paragraph 4 | Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately... | 1261.txt | 3 |
[
"one can get fit in ten minutes a week.",
"there is no shortcuts to getting fit.",
"if one is consistent, he/she will find the shortcut to getting fit.",
"one must have a job if he/she wants to get fit."
] | The writer believes that | Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately... | 1261.txt | 1 |
[
"your muscles may become smaller.",
"your muscles become fat.",
"you will put on muscles.",
"nothing changes at all."
] | If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more | Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately... | 1261.txt | 0 |
[
"Advertisement.",
"The benefits of advertisement.",
"Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.",
"The costs of advertisement."
] | What is main idea of this passage? | Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. It' s iniquitous,'they say, `that this e... | 248.txt | 2 |
[
"appreciative.",
"trustworthy.",
".critical.",
"dissatisfactory."
] | The attitude of the author toward advertisers is | Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. It' s iniquitous,'they say, `that this e... | 248.txt | 0 |
[
"Because advertisers often brag.",
"Because critics think advertisement is a \"waste of money\".",
"Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.",
"Because customers pay more."
] | Why do the critics criticize advertisers? | Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. It' s iniquitous,'they say, `that this e... | 248.txt | 0 |
[
"Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everythir",
"We can buy what we want.",
"Good quality products don't need to be advertised.",
"Advertisement makes our life colorful."
] | Which of the following is Not True? | Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. It' s iniquitous,'they say, `that this e... | 248.txt | 2 |
[
"Narration.",
"Description.",
"Criticism.",
"Argumentation."
] | The passage is | Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the Community
Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. It' s iniquitous,'they say, `that this e... | 248.txt | 2 |
[
"a technical failure",
"a technical wonder",
"a good life-saver",
"an effective means to treat heart disease"
] | According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _ . | Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring ... | 3234.txt | 0 |
[
"has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts",
"will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models",
"may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts",
"can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years"
] | From the passage we know that Symbion Inc _ . | Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring ... | 3234.txt | 2 |
[
"to have a working life of 10 or 20 years",
"to be set fully in the patient's chest",
"to be equipped with an external power source",
"to create a new passage for infection"
] | The new models of artificial hearts are expected _ . | Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring ... | 3234.txt | 1 |
[
"doctors who treat heart diseases",
"makers of artificial hearts",
"America's health-care programs",
"new models of artificial hearts"
] | The word "them" in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to _ . | Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring ... | 3234.txt | 3 |
[
"artificial hearts are seldom effective",
"the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts",
"the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts",
"America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health"
] | Some people feel that _ . | Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring ... | 3234.txt | 1 |
[
"To capture creatures along the sea bottom.",
"To provide Forbes with transportation back and forth across the Aegean.",
"To test the effectiveness of a new type of dredge.",
"To carry out a survey of the Aegean Sea."
] | According to paragraph 1, why was the HMS Beacon in the Aegean Sea? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 3 |
[
"To indicate how Forbes concluded that some forms of animal life in the depths of the ocean had never been seen before.",
"To help explain how Forbes arrived at his theory of the azoic zone.",
"To make the point that Forbes was a well-trained professional.",
"To show how naturalists of Forbes's time carried o... | Why does the author mention that Forbes "extended a line on his graph of animal number versus depth"? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 1 |
[
"No plants or animals could live there.",
"Only plants could live there.",
"Only animals could live there.",
"It was not possible to say whether any plants or animals could live there."
] | According to paragraph 2, what did Forbes believe about the possibility of life on the ocean floor deeper than 1,800 feet deep? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 0 |
[
"It was based on inaccurate temperature measurements.",
"It assumed that the deeper the water, the colder it got.",
"It did not take into account the fact that ice floats.",
"It overlooked the fact that the sea is deeper in some places than in others."
] | According to paragraph 3, what was wrong with Francois Peron's conclusion? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 2 |
[
"famous",
"highly trained",
"reasonable",
"experienced"
] | The word "sensible" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 2 |
[
"surprisingly",
"extraordinarily",
"frequently",
"specifically"
] | The word "exceptionally" in the passage is closet in meaning to | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 1 |
[
"They were all based on Forbes's observations.",
"They all challenged Forbes's theory.",
"They all presented the deep sea as lifeless.",
"They all underestimated the depth of the sea."
] | According to paragraph 4, what did all the ideas about the deep sea discussed in paragraph 3 have in common? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 2 |
[
"He assumed that Aegean's depths and other oceans' depths had comparable animal diversity.",
"He placed too much importance on the fact the Aegean had been the birthplace of marine biology.",
"He failed to notice that his samples of marine life mostly came from the sea bottom and were not typical of life-forms ... | According to paragraph 4, what was one mistake that Forbes made? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 0 |
[
"It opening was too small to collect certain kinds of animals.",
"The holes in its net were so large that animals could escape through them.",
"It could not get all the way down to the Aegean seafloor to sample the animals there.",
"Many animals were lost out of its open mouth when it was pulled up."
] | According to paragraph 4, Forbes's dredge had each of the following problems EXCEPT: | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 2 |
[
"frequently",
"necessarily",
"unpredictably",
"unfortunately"
] | The word "inevitably" in the passage is closet in meaning to | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 1 |
[
"Forbes got the idea for his dredge from Ross's deep-sea clam.",
"Forbes did not know about the discoveries Ross had made in Baffin Bay with help of his deep-sea clam.",
"Forbes carried out his investigations in the Aegean partly to disprove Ross's theory about the possibility of life in a abyss.",
"Forbes ov... | Paragraph 5 strongly suggests which of the following about Forbes and Ross? | In 1841 Edward Forbes was offered the chance to serve as naturalist aboard HMS Beacon, an English Royal Navy ship assigned to survey the Aegean Sea. For a year and a half the Beacon crisscrossed the Aegean waters. During that time Forbes was able to drag this small, triangular dregdge - a tool with a leather net for ca... | 3431.txt | 1 |
[
"stayed at eighty",
"ranged from eighty to ninety",
"approached one hundred",
"exceeded the hundred mark"
] | In the British Isles the temperature . | A mysteriousblack cloudapproaches the earth-our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but ther... | 1820.txt | 2 |
[
"the temperature was tolerable",
"people remained indoors for weeks",
"the government had taken effective measures to reduce the hot temperature",
"people were provided with the most comfortable air-conditioners"
] | Few people in the United States lost their lives because . | A mysteriousblack cloudapproaches the earth-our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but ther... | 1820.txt | 3 |
[
"the temperature grew extremely hot",
"the temperature became damper and hotter as the humidity of the surface waters of the sea increased",
"their conditions were too dangerous",
"nothing could be done with the hot temperature"
] | Millions of people in Cairoand the Cape of Good Hopewere subjected to a choking atmosphere because . | A mysteriousblack cloudapproaches the earth-our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but ther... | 1820.txt | 1 |
[
"human survival would be impossible",
"more and more people would lose their lives",
"fewer people could be saved",
"survival or death was still undecided"
] | By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics were such that . | A mysteriousblack cloudapproaches the earth-our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but ther... | 1820.txt | 3 |
[
"the hot air",
"the tropical climate",
"the rain clouds",
"the damp atmosphere"
] | The insect population increased due to . | A mysteriousblack cloudapproaches the earth-our planet's weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but ther... | 1820.txt | 0 |
[
"1me US economic situation is going from bad to worse．",
"Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs．",
"111e US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls．",
"The recent economic crisis has taken the US by surprise．"
] | What d0 we learn from the first paragraph? | The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated．Unemployment in January jumped to a l6year high of 7．6 percent，as 598 000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December，1974．With l．8 million iobs lost in the last three months． there is urgent desire ... | 1583.txt | 0 |
[
"They form a solid basis for policy makin9．",
"The．y represent the current situation．",
"They signal future economic trend．",
"They do not fully reflect the reality．"
] | What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics? | The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated．Unemployment in January jumped to a l6year high of 7．6 percent，as 598 000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December，1974．With l．8 million iobs lost in the last three months． there is urgent desire ... | 1583.txt | 3 |
[
"it does not include all the businesses",
"it fails to count in the self-employed",
"it magnifies the number of the jobless",
"it does not treat all companies equally"
] | One problem with the payroll survey is that________． | The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated．Unemployment in January jumped to a l6year high of 7．6 percent，as 598 000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December，1974．With l．8 million iobs lost in the last three months． there is urgent desire ... | 1583.txt | 1 |
[
"people tend to lie when talking on the phone",
"not everybody is willing or ready to respond",
"some people won't provide truthful information",
"the definition of unemployment is too broad"
] | 111e household survey can be faulty in that_________． | The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated．Unemployment in January jumped to a l6year high of 7．6 percent，as 598 000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December，1974．With l．8 million iobs lost in the last three months． there is urgent desire ... | 1583.txt | 2 |
[
"statisticians improve their data assembling methods",
"decision makers view the statistics with a critical eye",
"politicians listen more before making policy decisions",
"Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issues"
] | At the end of the passage，the author suggests that_______． | The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated．Unemployment in January jumped to a l6year high of 7．6 percent，as 598 000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December，1974．With l．8 million iobs lost in the last three months． there is urgent desire ... | 1583.txt | 1 |
[
"cause a shortage of apartments",
"worry those who rent apartments as homes",
"increase the profits of landlords",
"encourage landlords to invest in building apartment"
] | There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may _ . | In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that af... | 425.txt | 0 |
[
"will always benefit those who rent apartments",
"is unnecessary",
"will bring negative effects in the long run",
"is necessary under all circumstances"
] | According to the critics, rent control _ . | In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that af... | 425.txt | 2 |
[
"if the minimum wage is set too high",
"if the minimum wage is set too low",
"if the workers are unskilled",
"if the maximum wage is set"
] | The problem of unemployment will arise _ . | In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that af... | 425.txt | 0 |
[
"the relationship between supply and demand",
"the possible results of government controls",
"the necessity of government control",
"the urgency of getting rid of government controls"
] | The passage tells us _ . | In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that af... | 425.txt | 1 |
[
"The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.",
"Minimum wage can not always protect employees.",
"Economic theory can predict the results of economic decision if other factors are not changing.",
"Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory."
] | Which of the following statement is NOT true? | In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that af... | 425.txt | 3 |
[
"keep ourselves busy",
"get absent-minded",
"grow anxious",
"stay focused"
] | While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to _ . | The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the bod... | 3861.txt | 1 |
[
"The Forced Wait requires some self-control.",
"The Forced Wait makes people passive.",
"The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.",
"The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain."
] | What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?\ | The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the bod... | 3861.txt | 0 |
[
"It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.",
"It doesn't always bring the desired result.",
"It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.",
"It doesn't give people faith and hope."
] | What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait? | The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it's full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the bod... | 3861.txt | 1 |
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