option list | question stringlengths 11 354 | article stringlengths 231 6.74k | id stringlengths 5 8 | label int64 0 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.",
"Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.",
"The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.",
"A long history of success may pave the way for further development."
] | What can be inferred from the passage? | A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled econom... | 903.txt | 1 |
[
"turning of the business cycle",
"restructuring of industry",
"improved business management",
"success in education"
] | The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the . | A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled econom... | 903.txt | 0 |
[
"go to the newspaper stand and buy",
"send their own news stories to",
"agree to buy for a specific period of time",
"become faithful readers of"
] | The phrase "subscribe to" in the first paragraph means" _ " | Almost every family buys as least one copy of anewspaper every day.Some people subscribe to asmany as two or three different newspapers But whydo people read newspapers?
Five hundred years ago，news of importanthappenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrownor killed--took months and evenyears to travel from ... | 2441.txt | 2 |
[
"widespread",
"found among a few families",
"not popular",
"uncommon"
] | The habit of reading newspapers is _ . | Almost every family buys as least one copy of anewspaper every day.Some people subscribe to asmany as two or three different newspapers But whydo people read newspapers?
Five hundred years ago，news of importanthappenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrownor killed--took months and evenyears to travel from ... | 2441.txt | 0 |
[
"bad news traveled quickly and good news slowly",
"few people cared about events that took place in far away countries",
"kings and rulers were often overthrown or killed",
"news was passed from one person to another"
] | Before the time of the newspaper， _ . | Almost every family buys as least one copy of anewspaper every day.Some people subscribe to asmany as two or three different newspapers But whydo people read newspapers?
Five hundred years ago，news of importanthappenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrownor killed--took months and evenyears to travel from ... | 2441.txt | 3 |
[
"wasted",
"not much",
"well spent",
"of no use to anyone"
] | The author seems to agree that money spent on advertisements is _ . | Almost every family buys as least one copy of anewspaper every day.Some people subscribe to asmany as two or three different newspapers But whydo people read newspapers?
Five hundred years ago，news of importanthappenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrownor killed--took months and evenyears to travel from ... | 2441.txt | 2 |
[
"Five hundred years ago it took a long time for news to reach other countries.",
"Newspaper advertisements turn people'S attention away from their products.",
"The news that we read in newspapers is mainly about new products.",
"When newspapers are sold at a low price，the newspaper producers will lose money."... | Which of the following statements is TRUE? | Almost every family buys as least one copy of anewspaper every day.Some people subscribe to asmany as two or three different newspapers But whydo people read newspapers?
Five hundred years ago，news of importanthappenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrownor killed--took months and evenyears to travel from ... | 2441.txt | 0 |
[
"She was not familiar with the road.",
"It was dark and raining heavily then.",
"The railway works failed to give the signal.",
"Her GPS device didn't tell her about the crossing"
] | What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident? | One evening in February 2007. a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her ... | 3129.txt | 3 |
[
"close bit",
"heavy loss",
"narrow escape",
"big mistake"
] | The phrase" near miss" (paragraph 2 ) can best be replaced by _ . | One evening in February 2007. a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her ... | 3129.txt | 2 |
[
"Modern technology is what we can't live without.",
"Digital technology often falls short of out expectation.",
"Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.",
"GPS error is not the only cause for Celery's accident."
] | Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with? | One evening in February 2007. a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her ... | 3129.txt | 1 |
[
"one-sided",
"reasonable",
"puzzling",
"well-based"
] | In the writer's opinion, Stevenson's argument is _ . | One evening in February 2007. a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her ... | 3129.txt | 0 |
[
"The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.",
"The relationship between humans and technology",
"The shortcomings of digital devices we use.",
"The human unawareness of technical problems."
] | What is the real concern of the writer of this article? | One evening in February 2007. a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train.Her Renault Clio parked across a railway line. Second later,she watched the train drag her ... | 3129.txt | 1 |
[
"Savings and the Growth Rate.",
"Banking and Finance: Two Different Realities.",
"Monetary Policy in Britain.",
"The European Continent and Britain."
] | What is the best title of the passage? | There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or governmen... | 3911.txt | 1 |
[
"The British tend to regard money as an end, whereas Continental European consider it a means to an end.",
"The British invest only 10% of their savings in pension funds.",
"On the Continent you can't do anything unless you have been told you can.",
"Intelligent young men who want a career tend to go to civil... | What seems to be the most fundamental reason for this difference? | There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or governmen... | 3911.txt | 0 |
[
"is similar to that of the French.",
"makes no difference whatever system it is compared to.",
"is perhaps resembling that of the British.",
"has a low efficiency."
] | According to the passage, the Dutch way of finance and banking _ . | There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or governmen... | 3911.txt | 2 |
[
"beating",
"surplus",
"noticeable",
"seemingly"
] | The word "outstanding" in Line 4, Para 3 _ | There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or governmen... | 3911.txt | 2 |
[
"The Continent maintains a higher growth rate and levels of investment.",
"It has less proportion of savings in the form of liquid assets.",
"It attracts intelligent young men.",
"In functions properly despite the fact that the British discount it."
] | In what way does the continental system seem better? | There are spectacular differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other hand. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or governmen... | 3911.txt | 0 |
[
"TT has been in existence for decades.",
"Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.",
"TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.",
"More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment."
] | Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced? | A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (…) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to ... | 3808.txt | 2 |
[
"they didn't take the offer seriously",
"they didn't want to risk their career",
"they were unwilling to reveal their secret",
"they thought it was not in line with their practice"
] | Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ________. | A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (…) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to ... | 3808.txt | 2 |
[
"to see why TT could work the way it did",
"to find out how TT cured patients' illnesses",
"to test whether she could sense the human energy field",
"to test whether a human energy field really existed"
] | The purpose of Emily Rosa's experiment was ________. | A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (…) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to ... | 3808.txt | 3 |
[
"It involved nothing more than mere guessing.",
"They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.",
"It was more straightforward than other experiments.",
"They sensed no harm in a little girl's experiment."
] | Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emil's experiment? | A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (…) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to ... | 3808.txt | 3 |
[
"Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.",
"Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.",
"Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.",
"The principle of TT is too profound to understand."
] | What can we learn from the passage? | A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking (…) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy fieldto make them feel better and even, say some, to ... | 3808.txt | 0 |
[
"What is the difference between an Old World and a New World plant",
"Why are tulips grown in many different parts of the world",
"How did tulips become popular in North America",
"Where were the first Dutch colonies in North America located"
] | Which of the following questions does the passage mainly answer? | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 2 |
[
"interesting",
"fundamental",
"ornamental",
"overlooked"
] | The word "integral" in line 2 is closest in meaning to | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 1 |
[
"Central Asia",
"Western Europe",
"India",
"North America"
] | The passage mentions that tulips were first found in which of the following regions? | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 0 |
[
"were discovered",
"were marketed",
"combined",
"thrived"
] | The word "flourished" in line 11 is closest in meaning to | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 3 |
[
"imported tulips were considered more valuable than locally grown tulips",
"tulips were commonly passed as gifts from one family to another",
"tulips grew progressively more popular in North America",
"attitudes toward tulips varied from one location to another"
] | The author mentions tulip growing in New Netherlands, Pennsylvania. and Michigan in order to illustrate how | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 2 |
[
"denied",
"warned",
"complained",
"explained"
] | The word "grumbled" in line 16 is closest in meaning to | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 2 |
[
"were easy to grow",
"had become readily available",
"made them appear fashionable",
"reminded them of home"
] | The passage mentions that one reason English and Dutch settlers planted tulips in their gardens was that tulips | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 3 |
[
"tulips",
"plains",
"immigrants",
"plants"
] | The word "they" in line 20 refers to | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 2 |
[
"They grew in size in order to provide enough plants to export to the New World.",
"They contained a wider variety of tulips than ever before.",
"They contained many new types of North American plants.",
"They decreased in size on the estates of wealthy people."
] | According to the passage , which of the following changes occurred in English gardens during the European settlement of North America? | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 2 |
[
"They were no longer fashionable by the time they arrived.",
"They often failed to survive the journey.",
"Orders often took six months or longer to fill.",
"Settlers knew little about how to cultivate them."
] | The passage mentions which of the following as a problem associated with the importation of tulips into North America? | Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in particular, became famous for its cultivation of th... | 392.txt | 1 |
[
"Antarctica and environmental Problems.",
"Antarctica: Earth' s Early-Warning station.",
"Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.",
"Antarctica: a Mysterious Place."
] | What is the best title for this passage? | Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world' s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific m... | 303.txt | 0 |
[
"The western part of the continent would be disappeared.",
"The western part of the continent would be reduced.",
"The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.",
"The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands."
] | What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? | Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world' s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific m... | 303.txt | 3 |
[
"Vicious wind blasts the snow away.",
"It rarely snows.",
"Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.",
"Sand dunes."
] | Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? | Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world' s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific m... | 303.txt | 2 |
[
"The \"Dry Valleys\" have nothing left inside.",
"The \"Dry Valleys\" never held glaciers.",
"The \"Dry Valleys\"may carry a message of hope for the verdant.",
"The \"Dry Valleys\"are useless to scientists."
] | Which of the following is true? | Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world' s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific m... | 303.txt | 2 |
[
"tolerance",
"skepticism",
"uncertainty",
"approval"
] | The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with | "There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses," Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit". But even if you accept Firedman' s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste ... | 2453.txt | 2 |
[
"winning trust from consumers.",
"guarding it against malpractices.",
"protecting it from being defamed.",
"raising the quality of its products."
] | According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by | "There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses," Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit". But even if you accept Firedman' s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste ... | 2453.txt | 0 |
[
"more effective",
"less controversial",
"less severe",
"more lasting"
] | The expression "more lenient" (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to | "There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses," Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit". But even if you accept Firedman' s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste ... | 2453.txt | 2 |
[
"has an impact on their decision.",
"comes across as reliable evidence.",
"increases the chance of being penalized.",
"constitutes part of the investigation."
] | When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record | "There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses," Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit". But even if you accept Firedman' s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste ... | 2453.txt | 0 |
[
"Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.",
"The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unknown.",
"Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated.",
"It has brought much benefit to the banking industry."
] | Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph? | "There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses," Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit". But even if you accept Firedman' s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste ... | 2453.txt | 1 |
[
"generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journalism",
"importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing",
"concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewing",
"personal experience and ... | The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________. | The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" a... | 2416.txt | 1 |
[
"so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened",
"though the study of the interviewing techniques hasn't received much attention",
"but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglected",
"and there has also been a dramatic growth in the study of jour... | Much research has been done on interviews in general ________. | The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" a... | 2416.txt | 2 |
[
"but most of them wish to stay away from it",
"and many of them hope to be interviewed some day",
"and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding of it",
"but most of them may not have been interviewed in person"
] | Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, ________. | The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" a... | 2416.txt | 3 |
[
"The patient.",
"The physician.",
"The journalist.",
"The psychologist."
] | Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview? | The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" a... | 2416.txt | 0 |
[
"news article",
"journalistic interview",
"research report",
"preface"
] | The text is most likely a part of a ________. | The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the "how to" a... | 2416.txt | 3 |
[
"During weekend hours.",
"After 5 in the evening.",
"During working hours.",
"After 11 at night."
] | According to this passage, when is a dial telephone call cheapest? | Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn‘t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an op... | 2525.txt | 3 |
[
"Alaska",
"Los Angeles",
"Hawaii",
"Mexico city"
] | To make a ten-minute call costs $2.60, if you are in New York and want to be connected with a person in _ . | Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn‘t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an op... | 2525.txt | 1 |
[
"A direct dial call.",
"A collect call.",
"A person-to-person call.",
"A call from a pay phone."
] | What type of call requires less money? | Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn‘t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an op... | 2525.txt | 0 |
[
"Dial the operator.",
"Call tell Southern Bell Telephone Company.",
"Check the phone book for the overseas operator‘s number so that he can help you.",
"Check the phone book for overseas area codes so that you can dial direct."
] | What should one do in order to make an overseas call? | Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn‘t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an op... | 2525.txt | 3 |
[
"an article",
"letter",
"a talk",
"a dialogue"
] | This passage is _ . | Are you thinking of writing someone a letter? Call instead. It isn‘t that expensive, especially when you call during the evening, night, or weekend hours. In fact, you can make a ten-minute call anywhere in the continental United States for just $2.60.
For even greater saving, always dial direct, that is, without an op... | 2525.txt | 2 |
[
"the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results",
"lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase",
"lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected",
"the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow"
] | The study published in the journal Nature indicates that _ . | Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantl... | 1555.txt | 3 |
[
"was discouraged",
"was enforced by law",
"was prohibited by law",
"was introduced"
] | Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US _ . | Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantl... | 1555.txt | 1 |
[
"By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.",
"By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.",
"By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.",
"By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countrie... | How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland? | Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantl... | 1555.txt | 3 |
[
"forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected",
"lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with",
"lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US",
"the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions"
] | The authors of the Ambio study have found that _ . | Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantl... | 1555.txt | 0 |
[
"are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution",
"feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasoline",
"still consider lead pollution a problem",
"lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution"
] | It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists _ . | Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantl... | 1555.txt | 2 |
[
"every glance has its significance",
"staring at a person is an expression of interest",
"a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptable",
"a glance conveys more meaning than words"
] | It can be inferred form the first paragraph that ________. | Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze... | 3918.txt | 0 |
[
"to look into another passenger's eyes",
"to avoid eye contact with other passengers",
"to signal you are not a threat to anyone",
"to keep a distance from other passengers"
] | If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is ________. | Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze... | 3918.txt | 1 |
[
"closing one's eyes",
"turning off the lights",
"creasing to glance at others",
"reducing gaze-time to the minimum"
] | By "a dimming of the lights" (Para. 1, Line 9) Erving Goffman means "________". | Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze... | 3918.txt | 2 |
[
"depressed",
"uneasy",
"curious",
"amused"
] | If one is looked at by a stranger for too long, he tends to feel ________. | Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze... | 3918.txt | 1 |
[
"the limitations of eye contact",
"the exchange of ideas through eye contact",
"proper behavior in situations",
"the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication"
] | The passage mainly discusses ________. | Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze... | 3918.txt | 3 |
[
"study the growth rate of tigers",
"protect tigers from being killed",
"promote the breeding of young tigers",
"analyze the behavioral patterns of tigers"
] | The ultimate aim of Project Tiger is to _ . | By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world-half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed in India. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine... | 2214.txt | 3 |
[
"a tigress never attacks until attacked",
"the tigress is not as fierce as the tigers",
"a tiger usually fights another tiger to defend its own territory",
"the tiger is not an efficient hunter as is commonly described"
] | Studies have shown that _ . | By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world-half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed in India. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine... | 2214.txt | 1 |
[
"remains unchanged",
"is often defended by tigresses",
"expands as the tiger grows up",
"is the cause of most fights"
] | According to the passage, a tiger"s territory _ . | By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world-half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed in India. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine... | 2214.txt | 0 |
[
"has been carried too far",
"has not received enough attention",
"has failed to achieve its goal",
"is not worth the money spent on it"
] | Some people are afraid that Project Tiger _ . | By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world-half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed in India. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine... | 2214.txt | 2 |
[
"to be enthusiastic about Project Tiger",
"to have a matter-of-fact attitude towards Project Tiger",
"to have a hostile attitude towards Project Tiger",
"to be satisfied with Project Tiger"
] | The author seems _ . | By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world-half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed in India. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine... | 2214.txt | 1 |
[
"The craftsmanship that shaped Gothic architecture would have continued to dominate artists' outlooks.",
"Some other technical elements would have been adopted to discipline artistic inspiration.",
"Intellectual control over artistic inspiration would not have influenced painting as it did architecture.",
"Th... | The passage suggests that which of the following would most likely have occurred if linear perspective and anatomy had not come to influence artistic endeavor? | The belief that art originates in intuitive rather than rational faculties was worked out historically and philosophically in the somewhat wearisome volumes of Benedetto Croce, who is usually considered the originator of a new aesthetic.Croce was, in fact, expressing a very old idea. Long before the Romantics stressed ... | 2014.txt | 1 |
[
"Does Romantic art exhibit the triumph of intuition over intellect",
"Did an emphasis on linear perspective and anatomy dominate Romantic art",
"Are the intellectual and intuitive faculties harmoniously balanced in post- Romantic art",
"Are the effects of the rational control of artistic inspiration evident i... | The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions? | The belief that art originates in intuitive rather than rational faculties was worked out historically and philosophically in the somewhat wearisome volumes of Benedetto Croce, who is usually considered the originator of a new aesthetic.Croce was, in fact, expressing a very old idea. Long before the Romantics stressed ... | 2014.txt | 3 |
[
"Intellectual elements in art exert a necessary control over artistic inspiration.",
"Architecture has never again reached the artistic greatness of the Gothic cathedrals.",
"Aesthetic philosophy is determined by the technical necessities of art.",
"Artistic craftsmanship is more important in architectural ar... | The passage implies that which of the following was a traditional assumption of aesthetic philosophers? | The belief that art originates in intuitive rather than rational faculties was worked out historically and philosophically in the somewhat wearisome volumes of Benedetto Croce, who is usually considered the originator of a new aesthetic.Croce was, in fact, expressing a very old idea. Long before the Romantics stressed ... | 2014.txt | 0 |
[
"Expand his argument to include painting as well as architecture",
"Indicate his disagreement with Croce's theory of the origins of art",
"Support his point that rational order of some kind has often seemed to discipline artistic inspiration",
"Explain the rational elements in Gothic painting that corresponde... | The author mentions "linear perspective and anatomy" in the last sentence in order to do which of the following? | The belief that art originates in intuitive rather than rational faculties was worked out historically and philosophically in the somewhat wearisome volumes of Benedetto Croce, who is usually considered the originator of a new aesthetic.Croce was, in fact, expressing a very old idea. Long before the Romantics stressed ... | 2014.txt | 2 |
[
"are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object",
"are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior",
"are not very different in their performance from those of the 50's",
"still cannot communicate with people in a human language"
] | The author says that the powerful computers of today ________. | In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for h... | 3696.txt | 3 |
[
"the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects",
"the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs",
"the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child",
"the efforts made by scientists in the study ... | The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from ________. | In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for h... | 3696.txt | 1 |
[
"find a roundabout way to design powerful computers",
"build a computer using a clever network of switches",
"find out how intelligence developed in nature",
"separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought"
] | Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to ________. | In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for h... | 3696.txt | 2 |
[
"It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.",
"It's a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.",
"It's more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.",
"It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future p... | What's the author's opinion about the new AI movement? | In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for h... | 3696.txt | 1 |
[
"The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.",
"The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.",
"The only area worth studying in computer science.",
"The only game they would like to play in town."
] | Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase "the only game in town" (Line 3, Para. 4)? | In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for h... | 3696.txt | 3 |
[
"Amphibians can regulate their metabolic rates to generate energy.",
"Amphibians use the same means of thermoregulation as mammals and birds do.",
"The body temperature of amphibians sometimes differs from the temperature of their surroundings.",
"The body temperature of amphibians is independent of their met... | According to paragraph 1, what indicates that amphibians have some control over their body temperature? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 2 |
[
"To make the point that an amphibian's temperature tolerance depends on a number of factors",
"To indicate how precise the range of body temperatures is for certain amphibians",
"To contrast its ability to adapt to that of the North American newt",
"To help illustrate the range of environmental conditions to ... | Why does the author mention a "South American frog" species in the passage? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 3 |
[
"Their internal body temperatures never fall below -6°C.",
"They do not remain at temperatures below freezing for very long periods of time.",
"Their tolerance boundaries are flexible",
"Some of their body tissues contain substances that prevent freezing."
] | According to paragraph 2, what allows some North American frog and toad species to survive in ambient temperatures well below freezing? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 3 |
[
"protects its glandular system",
"helps reduce its secretions",
"increases the amount of solar radiation that its skin can reflect",
"modifies its skin structure to protect against the drying effects of the sun"
] | "Phyllomedusa sauvager " is mentioned as an example of a frog with an adaptation that | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 3 |
[
"pressing against the ground",
"speeding up of the metabolism",
"reducing activity during the summer",
"adjusting exposure to the sun"
] | Paragraph 4 mentions each of the following as an example of behavioral thermoregulation EXCEPT | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 1 |
[
"Heliothermy and thigmothermy",
"Diurnal avoidance behavior",
"Absorbing heat from the air",
"Moving to shelter during the summer"
] | The "Andean toad Bufo spinulosus" illustrates which of the following behavioral modifications? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 0 |
[
"raises",
"lowers",
"reaches",
"regulates"
] | The word "attains" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 2 |
[
"gradually increasing body temperature by 10°C",
"basking as soon as the sun comes up",
"waiting for the ground and air to warm",
"keeping body temperature above the temperature of the air"
] | The phrase "this approach" in the passage refers to | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 1 |
[
"Amphibians' habitats are areas where temperatures vary from day to day.",
"Amphibians have less tolerance for high ambient temperatures than for low ambient temperatures.",
"Amphibians lack adequate physiological adaptations for dealing with ambient temperatures.",
"Amphibians cannot protect themselves from ... | According to paragraph 5, why is avoidance behavior important for some amphibians? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 2 |
[
"arriving",
"originating",
"evolving",
"living"
] | The word "dwelling" in the passage is closest in meaning to | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 3 |
[
"Amphibians have greater tolerance for heat than for cold.",
"Desiccation is not a threat to amphibians",
"Both hibernation and estivation may serve as avoidance behaviors depending on the climate",
"Some species of amphibians are active only in the spring and in the fall"
] | In paragraph 6, which of the following can be inferred from the discussion of the natterjack? | In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature. However, the idea that amphibians have no control whatsoever over their body temperature ha... | 3094.txt | 2 |
[
"Californians seldom hire illegal foreign workers unless they get work permits",
"Californian citizens' attitude towards immigrant workers remains ambivalent",
"it is difficult for immigrants to find a job in California due to the hostility from the locals",
"parents hire Mexican nannies for their kids so tha... | From the first paragraph we learn that _ . | On climbing-frames in the smarter neighbourhoods of Los Angeles, white kids occasionally shout to each other in Spanish. They learn their first words from Mexican nannies who are often working illegally, just like the maids who scrub floors and the gardeners who cut their lawns, which helps to explain why fixing Americ... | 454.txt | 1 |
[
"There is a possibility that illegal immigrants in America can finally receive legal status.",
"The American immigration policy will be modified to emphasize different factors, other than family bond, of immigration decision.",
"The problem of illegal immigrants will be solved in the near future.",
"Family co... | Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text? | On climbing-frames in the smarter neighbourhoods of Los Angeles, white kids occasionally shout to each other in Spanish. They learn their first words from Mexican nannies who are often working illegally, just like the maids who scrub floors and the gardeners who cut their lawns, which helps to explain why fixing Americ... | 454.txt | 2 |
[
"those Mexican workers",
"those with college education",
"those who marry American citizens",
"those who are hardworking"
] | According to the text, _ will be most likely to be allowed to immigrate to America. | On climbing-frames in the smarter neighbourhoods of Los Angeles, white kids occasionally shout to each other in Spanish. They learn their first words from Mexican nannies who are often working illegally, just like the maids who scrub floors and the gardeners who cut their lawns, which helps to explain why fixing Americ... | 454.txt | 1 |
[
"violent",
"carrying guns",
"loving wars",
"frequent"
] | Which of the following best defines the word" militant" （Line 1, Paragraph 4）? | On climbing-frames in the smarter neighbourhoods of Los Angeles, white kids occasionally shout to each other in Spanish. They learn their first words from Mexican nannies who are often working illegally, just like the maids who scrub floors and the gardeners who cut their lawns, which helps to explain why fixing Americ... | 454.txt | 0 |
[
"If there are not enough visas, a lot of people have to\" touch-back\" .",
"If there are enough visas, every currently illegal immigrant will be legalized.",
"Illegal immigrants who have American children are more easily to receive visas.",
"If there are not enough visas, there will still be a lot of illegal ... | What does the last sentence of the last paragraph mean? | On climbing-frames in the smarter neighbourhoods of Los Angeles, white kids occasionally shout to each other in Spanish. They learn their first words from Mexican nannies who are often working illegally, just like the maids who scrub floors and the gardeners who cut their lawns, which helps to explain why fixing Americ... | 454.txt | 3 |
[
"the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue",
"looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune",
"being thin is viewed as a much desired quality",
"religious people are not necessarily virtuous"
] | In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ________. | Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow design... | 4008.txt | 2 |
[
"had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life",
"could still prevent herself from going off the track",
"had to seek help from rich distant relatives",
"had to wear highly fashionable clothes"
] | Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ________. | Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow design... | 4008.txt | 0 |
[
"were closely related to their religious beliefs",
"changed from time to time",
"varied between the poor and the rich",
"led to different moral standards"
] | In human history, people's views on body weight ________. | Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow design... | 4008.txt | 1 |
[
"from an economic and educational perspective",
"from sociological and medical points of view",
"from a historical and religious standpoint",
"in the light of moral principles"
] | The author criticizes women's obsession with thinness ________. | Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow design... | 4008.txt | 1 |
[
"They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.",
"They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.",
"They should gain weight to look healthy.",
"They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes."
] | What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness? | Now woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow design... | 4008.txt | 0 |
[
"practical",
"customary",
"possible",
"unusual"
] | The word "standard" in line 12 is closest in meaning to | Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the prop... | 421.txt | 1 |
[
"how the violin became a renowned instrument",
"the competition in the 1600's between French and Italian orchestras",
"the superiority of French violins",
"why the violin was considered the only instrument suitable to be played by royalty"
] | "The King's 24 Violins" is mentioned in line 15 to illustrate | Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the prop... | 421.txt | 0 |
[
"The violin has been modified to fit its evolving musical functions.",
"The violin is probably the best known and most widely distributed musical instrument in the world.",
"The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.",
"The technique of playing the violin has ... | What is the main idea presented in paragraph 3? | Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the prop... | 421.txt | 0 |
[
"inspired more people to play the violin",
"had to be adapted to the violin",
"demanded more sophisticated violins",
"could be played only by their students"
] | The author mentions Vivaldi and Tartini in line 19 as examples of composers whose music | Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the prop... | 421.txt | 2 |
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