Eliciting Medical Reasoning with Knowledge-enhanced Data Synthesis: A Semi-Supervised Reinforcement Learning Approach
Paper • 2604.11547 • Published • 4
Datasets:
Tasks:
Question Answering
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
parquet
Size:
10K - 100K
ArXiv:
Tags:
medical
License:
type stringclasses 1
value | data_source stringclasses 1
value | prompt listlengths 2 2 | ability stringclasses 1
value | reward_model dict | extra_info dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A neuron has an intracellular potassium concentration of 140 mM and an extracellular concentration of 4 mM. If the neuronal membrane is permeable only to potassium ions and 2.3 RT... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_30"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old child, weighing 20 kg, presents to the emergency department 3 hours after being bitten by a stray dog on the left forearm. The wound is deep and bleeding, with visibl... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_13"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old woman presents with persistent epigastric pain radiating to her back after she fell onto bicycle handlebars, striking her upper abdomen. She develops mild tachycardi... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_38"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 31-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of a 7-month history of persistent low mood, difficulty sleeping, fatigue, and frequent headaches. She reports diminished interest ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_33"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 2-day-old female infant, born at 28 weeks' gestation to a mother with poorly controlled gestational diabetes and no prenatal care, is admitted to the neonatal intensive care uni... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_61"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 60-year-old woman is diagnosed with essential hypertension after multiple elevated blood pressure readings. She has no significant past medical history and is started on lisinop... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_62"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 38-year-old woman, the primary caregiver of two young children, is diagnosed with FIGO stage IB1 cervical cancer (tumor <2 cm, no lymph node involvement). She is otherwise healt... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_66"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old girl is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Her parents are both healthy and have no family history of neuromuscular disease. Which of the following best expl... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_79"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old individual presents with dark urine upon standing and bluish-black discoloration of ear cartilage. The most likely underlying enzyme deficiency is homogentisate oxid... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_64"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A full-term female newborn is evaluated shortly after birth. She was born to a 32-year-old mother via spontaneous vaginal delivery following an uncomplicated pregnancy. The infant... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_85"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A full-term male newborn is noted at birth to have an open lumbosacral defect with protruding meninges and neural tissue. The mother did not take prenatal vitamins during the firs... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_124"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation on warfarin, hypertension (on amlodipine), and type 2 diabetes (on metformin) is scheduled for elective cholecystectomy. Which of the ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_139"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after passing a maroon-colored stool. His mother reports that he has had one episode of painless rectal bleeding and mild a... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_148"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 25-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a fall from a two-story building. He complains of severe right-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. On examinatio... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_151"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "You are the physician responsible for allocating a single available liver for transplantation. Which of the following patients is the most appropriate recipient for this intervent... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_130"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 26-year-old woman presents to your clinic at 8 weeks' gestation for her first prenatal visit. She is concerned because she was treated with isotretinoin for severe acne 2 months... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_156"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 22-year-old male presents to the emergency department after a hiking trip with sudden onset of high fever, confusion, hypotension, and a diffuse rash with petechiae and purpura.... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_191"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following compartments of the respiratory system contains the highest oxygen concentration?\n\nA. Anatomical dead space at end-inspiration\nB. Anatomical dead space a... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_182"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old woman with a history of systemic sclerosis presents with progressive dysphagia to both solids and liquids and frequent heartburn. Esophageal manometry is performed. ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_200"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 30-year-old male is found dead at the scene of an accident. On postmortem examination, the following findings are noted: (1) Deep laceration on the scalp with tissue bridging, (... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_218"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A newborn is assessed immediately after birth with the following findings: heart rate of 140 beats per minute, good respiratory effort with vigorous crying, some flexion of extrem... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_242"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old male is brought to the emergency department after a high-speed motor vehicle accident. He is alert but pale, with a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg and a heart rate of ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_267"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 52-year-old man with a long-standing history of alcohol use disorder is brought to the hospital by his neighbor due to confusion and difficulty walking. On examination, he is di... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_275"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 49-year-old man comes to the clinic for a routine check-up. He has a history of hyperlipidemia and mild hypertension. He works as an accountant and spends most of his day seated... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_297"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 5-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her parents due to worsening cough for the past 2 weeks. The cough occurs in severe paroxysms followed by a high-pitched \"whoop\" an... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_300"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 32-year-old woman, Mrs. Sharma, has visited multiple clinics over the past year with persistent complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, and fatigue. Extensive physical examination... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_318"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 54-year-old man with a 20-year history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes presents to the emergency department with sudden onset double vision and drooping of his left eyelid.... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_326"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 28-year-old woman with a history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures is planning to become pregnant. She has been taking carbamazepine for seizure control and is otherwise heal... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_333"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 65-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure (NYHA class III) presents for routine follow-up. His blood glucose levels have been poorly controlled wit... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_335"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 68-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation (on warfarin), hypertension (on beta blockers), type 2 diabetes mellitus (on metformin), and rheumatoid arthritis (on chronic predniso... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_349"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A child presents for a dental check-up. On examination, they have 20 erupted permanent teeth and 4 retained primary teeth, all located in the upper jaw as canines and second molar... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_371"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his father after suddenly developing difficulty speaking and right arm weakness during basketball practice. The episode lasted for ab... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_383"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 60-year-old woman presents with a 4-day history of left lower abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. On examination, she is febrile (38.4°C), her pulse rate is 96/min, and blood pre... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_416"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 30-year-old patient presents with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and features of small bowel obstruction. CT scan reveals a blind-ending pouch in the distal ileum suspicio... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_435"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 40-year-old patient presents with complaints of double vision, particularly when walking downstairs. On examination, the right eye fails to move downward when adducted. Which of... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_443"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 60-year-old diabetic patient undergoes a below-knee amputation for non-healing foot ulcers. On postoperative day 5, the wound shows serous discharge and mild separation of the e... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_449"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 22-year-old woman presents with progressive behavioral changes, tremor, and episodes of jaundice. On physical examination, she has hepatomegaly and brownish rings at the corneal... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_455"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 67-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after developing sudden right-sided weakness and aphasia. A CT scan rules out hemorrhage, and he is within the window for ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_465"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 62-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and atrial fibrillation presents to the emergency department 45 minutes after suddenly developing right-sided weakness and diffi... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_469"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset severe abdominal pain radiating to his back. On examination, he is hypotensive and has a palpable pulsatil... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_479"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old woman presents with progressive, painless jaundice, dark urine, pale stools, and pruritus. On examination, she is icteric without palpable liver or spleen, and there... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_488"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 68-year-old woman with a history of chronic atrial fibrillation and hypertension presents with sudden onset of severe pain, numbness, and weakness in her right arm. Her vital si... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_501"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old woman with a history of breast augmentation 12 years ago presents with gradual swelling and mild discomfort of her left breast. She has no fever, skin changes, or tr... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_531"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 2-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician due to loss of previously acquired motor skills and delayed speech. Her parents also report increased startle response to sounds a... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_548"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A patient presents with left superior homonymous quadrantanopia and difficulty interpreting spoken language (auditory agnosia). Which lobe is most likely affected by the lesion?\n... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_556"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Despite the presence of maternal antibodies, hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility is typically milder than that caused by Rh incompatibility. Which of the f... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_561"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 3-week-old male infant is evaluated in the emergency department for difficulty feeding, coughing, and episodes of cyanosis during feeding since birth. The pregnancy and delivery... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_567"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old man from rural Southeast Asia presents with intermittent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and a persistent dry cough that has lasted for several weeks. He reports no recent... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_569"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 52-year-old man with a history of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis dies from respiratory failure. At autopsy, his lungs show multiple areas of firm, white nodules with central a... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_586"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old boy is brought to the clinic after experiencing two episodes in the past month in which he suddenly stopped responding, stared blankly, and made repetitive lip-smacki... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_582"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 9-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a routine check-up. The mother reports that the child has recently started achieving a new gross motor milestone. Which of the fo... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_595"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, presents at 16 weeks' gestation for routine prenatal care. Her quadruple screen reveals decreased α-fetoprotein, decreased β-hCG, decreased ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_612"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 6-year-old boy presents with active bleeding from the nasopharynx 8 hours after undergoing adenoidectomy. He appears anxious and there is fresh blood in his mouth. What is the m... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_635"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 30-year-old woman with a strong family history of early-onset colorectal and endometrial cancers undergoes genetic counseling, which raises suspicion for Lynch syndrome (heredit... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_611"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 2-day-old male infant is evaluated for difficulty feeding and episodes of rapid breathing and bluish discoloration of the lips during crying. He was born at term to a healthy 29... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_657"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 54-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation is started on warfarin for stroke prevention. Two days later, she develops painful, erythematous plaques on her abdomen t... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_682"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 62-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and hypertension presents to the emergency department with crushing chest pain that began 40 minutes ago while climbing stairs. Phys... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_670"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a rapidly progressing, painful, swollen lesion on his right hand two days after cleaning his home freshwater aquarium. ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_708"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 32-year-old male presents with fever, cough, and erythematous nodules on his legs two weeks after a spelunking trip to the Appalachian region. He also reports joint pain and wei... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_726"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Patients with chronic kidney disease commonly develop all of the following except -\nA. Metabolic acidosis\nB. Hyperparathyroidism\nC. Polycythemia\nD. Hypertension",
"role": ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_733"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 42-year-old man sustains a penetrating injury to the left side of his thoracic spinal cord, resulting in a hemisection at the T10 level. On neurological examination, which senso... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_760"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old man was managed non-operatively for a grade II splenic laceration after a motor vehicle accident. One week later, he develops fever and left upper quadrant pain. Lab... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_768"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled hypertension presents with new-onset muscle weakness. On examination, her blood pressure is 168/102 mmHg. Laboratory studie... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_781"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 30-year-old male football player falls on his outstretched hand during a tackle, resulting in an anterior dislocation of his shoulder. On examination, he has difficulty moving h... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_811"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 28-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with complaints of excessive thirst and urination that began 3 weeks ago. She delivered her first child 2 months ago via v... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_804"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old boy presents with short stature. On examination, he has hypertelorism, ptosis of the eyelids, a webbed neck, bilateral cryptorchidism, and a shield-shaped chest. What... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_821"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 28-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, presents at 34 weeks gestation with blood pressure 155/105 mmHg, 1+ proteinuria on dipstick, and complaints of seeing flashing lights in her... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_820"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 45-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider with a 3-month history of progressive difficulty climbing stairs and combing her hair. She also reports a purple discolor... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_816"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 28-year-old woman returns to the United States after spending 6 months volunteering in rural Nigeria. She presents to the clinic with intermittent fevers, chills, and fatigue th... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_825"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 7-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician for evaluation of recurrent nosebleeds and easy bruising. On examination, she is found to have hypoplastic thumbs, short stature, ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_829"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 36-year-old woman at 36 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset severe abdominal pain. On examination, her abdomen is tense, there is no vaginal bleeding, and the fetal heart... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_835"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 12-year-old girl presents with recurrent nosebleeds, easy bruising, and prolonged bleeding after minor cuts. Her mother reports similar symptoms in other family members. Physica... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_826"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old female with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presents with muscle weakness and palpitations. ECG reveals prolonged QT interval. Laboratory studies show: calci... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_871"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Propofol is preferred as an induction agent in all of the following clinical scenarios EXCEPT:\nA. Day care (ambulatory) surgery\nB. Status asthmaticus requiring intubation\nC. Ne... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_875"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department after being stabbed in the right side of his abdomen during an altercation. He is hypotensive and has right upper quadrant t... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_882"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 62-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of vaginal bleeding that began 2 weeks ago. She has not had a menstrual period in 10 years. Her medical history is significant for ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_899"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Arrange the following gastrointestinal diseases in order of their most common site of involvement from proximal (mouth) to distal (anus):\na. Esophageal varices \nb. Peptic ulcer... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_905"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 68-year-old woman comes to clinic for her annual physical examination. She has a history of well-controlled hypertension and quit smoking 10 years ago after a 15 pack-year histo... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_945"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 29-year-old woman, G4P0, presents at 10 weeks of gestation for her first prenatal visit. She has a history of two second-trimester miscarriages at 18 and 20 weeks and underwent ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_973"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 58-year-old man presents with painless bilateral cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy of 3 months' duration, along with mild fatigue and early satiety. On examination, his sple... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_984"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old woman undergoes a total abdominal hysterectomy for symptomatic uterine fibroids. On postoperative day 2, she reports continuous dribbling of urine and an inability t... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1014"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 17-year-old girl presents with progressive gait instability and vision loss over the past 4 years. She describes difficulty walking, frequent tripping, and gradual worsening of ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1015"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 10-month-old boy is brought to the clinic due to a history of recurrent bacterial infections, including two episodes of pneumonia and several skin abscesses over the past 6 mont... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1023"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 2-day-old Caucasian male newborn is evaluated for jaundice and pallor. He was born at term via uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Family history reveals that his mother underwent s... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_979"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 40-year-old woman undergoes a renal transplant for end-stage renal disease. Six days after transplantation, she develops fever, malaise, decreased urine output, and tenderness o... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1066"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease secondary to diabetes mellitus and hypertension presents to the emergency department with acute onset chest pain and shortness of ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1037"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 62-year-old man with a history of chronic alcohol consumption presents with sudden severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, vomiting, hypotension, and a rigid, tender abdom... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1080"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 62-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with fever, malaise, and a diffuse maculopapular rash that developed 8 days after starting amoxicillin-clavulanate for a sinus infect... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1078"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 72-year-old woman with a history of chronic systolic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction 30%), hypertension, and atrial fibrillation presents to the emergency depa... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1076"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician because of persistent depressed mood, lack of energy, and difficulty concentrating for the past 4 months. She reports decreased appetite... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1088"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 60-year-old woman with epilepsy is prescribed a new oral antiepileptic drug. The drug has a target steady-state plasma concentration of 10 mg/L, a clearance of 5 L/hr, and is to... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1102"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 30-year-old woman presents with the absence of menstruation for the past 8 months. She delivered a full-term baby 10 months ago, complicated by severe postpartum hemorrhage requ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1111"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department after falling from his bicycle and sustaining a fracture to the surgical neck of his right humerus. On examination, he has d... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1116"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 5-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department for vomiting and confusion. Her parents report that she had a mild upper respiratory infection three days ago, but today s... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1123"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 28-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of severe epigastric pain radiating to the back. She has a history of similar episodes over the past year, each associated wit... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1125"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 40-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 0, presents for her first prenatal visit at 12 weeks’ gestation. She had one previous first-trimester miscarriage. Her brother was born with tr... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1128"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 25-year-old male sustains a stab wound to the left side of his chest, just lateral to the sternum at the level of the fourth intercostal space. He rapidly develops hypotension a... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1148"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 55-year-old woman presents to the clinic for evaluation of a growing lesion on her lower leg. She reports that the lesion first appeared 6 months ago as a small red bump, but ov... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1147"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 24-year-old man presents with two days of jaundice, fatigue, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. He reports a recent flu-like illness with fevers and myalgias about one wee... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1155"
} |
QA | Generated_Medical_data | [
{
"content": "Let's think step by step and output the final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "A 52-year-old man with a history of chronic alcoholism presents with confusion, muscle weakness, and repeated episodes of vomiting for two days. On examination, he is tachycardic ... | medical | {
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
} | {
"dataset_name": "generated",
"model_name": "gpt-4.1",
"original_id": "generated_1151"
} |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
MedSSR-Synthetic-43K
MedSSR-Synthetic-43K is the synthetic medical reasoning dataset released with our ACL 2026 Findings paper, "Eliciting Medical Reasoning with Knowledge-enhanced Data Synthesis: A Semi-Supervised Reinforcement Learning Approach"*".
- Paper link: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.11547
- Github repo: https://github.com/tdlhl/MedSSR
- Hugging Face Model: https://huggingface.co/tdlhl/MedSSR-Qwen3-8B-Base
- Hugging Face test dataset: https://huggingface.co/datasets/tdlhl/RareDis-Sub
Dataset Summary
This dataset is a synthetic dataset generated by GPT-4.1. It contains around 43K synthetic medical reasoning questions generated through our knowledge-enhanced synthesis procedure described in the paper. The answers are majority voted by Qwen3-8B-Base model. The dataset is currently in the training format of verl.
For more details, please refer to our paper.
Notes
- This dataset is intended for research use.
- The labels are pseudo labels rather than human expert annotations.
- Synthetic questions and pseudo labels may contain noise.
Citation
If you find this dataset useful, please cite:
@article{li2025eliciting,
title={Eliciting Medical Reasoning with Knowledge-enhanced Data Synthesis: A Semi-Supervised Reinforcement Learning Approach},
author={Haolin Li, Shuyang Jiang, Ruipeng Zhang, Jiangchao Yao, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.11547},
year={2026}
}
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