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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "country of citizenship", "United States" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
was also during that period that Mircea Eliade completed his voluminous and influential History of Religious Ideas, which grouped together the overviews of his main original interpretations of religious history. He occasionally traveled out of the United States, such as attending the Congress for the History of Religio...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
of Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. In the 1970s, Eliade was approached by the Nicolae Ceaușescu regime in several ways, in order to have him return. The move was prompted by the officially sanctioned nationalism and Romania's claim to independence from the Eastern Bloc, as both phenomena came to see Eliade's prestige as an ass...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
that of Western Europe. [...] I am convinced that, within ten years, the young revolutionary generation shan't be behaving as does today the noisy minority of Western contesters. [...] Eastern youth have seen the abolition of traditional institutions, have accepted it [...] and are not yet content with the structures e...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Anthropologist" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
intellectuals in exile (including Radio Free Europe's Virgil Ierunca and Monica Lovinescu) to reject Communist proposals. In 1977, he joined other exiled Romanian intellectuals in signing a telegram protesting the repressive measures newly enforced by the Ceauşescu regime. Writing in 2007, Romanian anthropologist Andre...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
bestowed upon him were the French Academy's Bordin Prize (1977) and the title of Doctor Honoris Causa, granted by George Washington University (1985). Mircea Eliade died at the Bernard Mitchell Hospital in April 1986. Eight days previously, he suffered a stroke while reading Emil Cioran's Exercises of Admiration, and h...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Novelist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of burial", "Oak Woods Cemetery" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
"a mahaparanirvana", thus comparing it to the passing of Gautama Buddha. His body was cremated in Chicago, and the funeral ceremony was held on University grounds, at the Rockefeller Chapel. It was attended by 1,200 people, and included a public reading of Eliade's text in which he recalled the epiphany of his childhoo...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
what he called the eternal return—the implicit belief, supposedly present in religious thought in general, that religious behavior is not only an imitation of, but also a participation in, sacred events, and thus restores the mythical time of origins. Eliade's thinking was in part influenced by Rudolf Otto, Gerardus va...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
so on (in other words, actual and potential). Eliade argues that "Yahweh is both kind and wrathful; the God of the Christian mystics and theologians is terrible and gentle at once". He also thought that the Indian and Chinese mystic tried to attain "a state of perfect indifference and neutrality" that resulted in a coi...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
of the East generally retain a cyclic view of time—for instance, the Hindu doctrine of kalpas. According to Eliade, most religions that accept the cyclic view of time also embrace it: they see it as a way to return to the sacred time. However, in Buddhism, Jainism, and some forms of Hinduism, the Sacred lies outside th...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
According to Eliade, Yoga techniques aim at escaping the limitations of the body, allowing the soul (atman) to rise above maya and reach the Sacred (nirvana, moksha). Imagery of "freedom", and of death to one's old body and rebirth with a new body, occur frequently in Yogic texts, representing escape from the bondage o...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
renders an account of human [religious] evolution since the Paleolithic era". If an Urmonotheismus did exist, Eliade adds, it probably differed in many ways from the conceptions of God in many modern monotheistic faiths: for instance, the primordial High God could manifest himself as an animal without losing his status...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
themes is the shaman's supposed death and resurrection. This occurs in particular during his initiation. Often, the procedure is supposed to be performed by spirits who dismember the shaman and strip the flesh from his bones, then put him back together and revive him. In more than one way, this death and resurrection r...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
dies not once but many times: having died during initiation and risen again with new powers, the shaman can send his spirit out of his body on errands; thus, his whole career consists of repeated deaths and resurrections. The shaman's new ability to die and return to life shows that he is no longer bound by the laws of...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
gods (particularly the High God, according to Eliade's deus otiosus concept) were closer to humans during the mythical age, the shaman's easy communication with the High God represents an abolition of history and a return to the mythical age. Because of his ability to communicate with the gods and descend to the land o...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
looming (while asking that young people be allowed to manifest their will and fully experience freedom before perishing). One of Eliade's noted contributions in this respect was the 1932 Soliloquii ("Soliloquies"), which explored existential philosophy. George Călinescu who saw in it "an echo of Nae Ionescu's lectures"...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
him, as well as his dismissive thoughts of "theoretical data" and mainstream philosophy in general (Eliade saw the latter as "inert, infertile and pathogenic"). Eliade thus argued, "a sincere brain is unassailable, for it denies itself to any relationship with outside truths." The young writer was however careful to cl...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
even in those cases where Eliade described the latter as an "abyssal experience" into which man may take the plunge. The critic pointed out that the addition of "a magical solution" to the options taken into consideration seemed to be Eliade's own original contributions to his mentor's philosophy, and proposed that it ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Philosopher" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
salvation for its ultimate goal). Philosopher of religion Anti-reductionism and the "transconscious" By profession, Eliade was a historian of religion. However, his scholarly works draw heavily on philosophical and psychological terminology. In addition, they contain a number of philosophical arguments about religion. ...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
(Eliade cites Immanuel Kant as the likely forerunner of this kind of "historicism"). He adds that human consciousness transcends (is not reducible to) its historical and cultural conditioning, and even suggests the possibility of a "transconscious". By this, Eliade does not necessarily mean anything supernatural or mys...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Philosopher" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
transcendent reality". To traditional man, the profane world is "meaningless", and a thing rises out of the profane world only by conforming to an ideal, mythical model. Eliade describes this view of reality as a fundamental part of "primitive ontology" (the study of "existence" or "reality"). Here he sees a similarity...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
making it real". Furthermore, traditional man's behavior gains purpose and meaning through the Sacred: "By imitating divine behavior, man puts and keeps himself close to the gods—that is, in the real and the significant." According to Eliade, "modern nonreligious man assumes a new existential situation". For traditiona...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
century: The new discipline of History of Religions developed rapidly in this cultural context. And, of course, it followed a like pattern: the positivistic approach to the facts and the search for origins, for the very beginning of religion. All Western historiography was during that time obsessed with the quest of or...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Philosopher" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
the immortal soul or atman within man. According to Eliade, Hindus thus escape the terror of history by refusing to see historical time as the true reality. Eliade notes that a Western or Continental philosopher might feel suspicious toward this Hindu view of history: One can easily guess what a European historical and...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
refuge in an abstraction, in pure Being, in the atman: I am to sacrifice my dignity as a creator of History in order to live an a-historic, inauthentic existence, empty of all human content. Well, I prefer to put up with my anxiety: at least, it cannot deprive me of a certain heroic grandeur, that of becoming conscious...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
new world or civilization on the ruins of the old. Thus, they feel comforted even in contemplating the end times. Eliade argues that a Western spiritual rebirth can happen within the framework of Western spiritual traditions. However, he says, to start this rebirth, Westerners may need to be stimulated by ideas from no...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
the ancient, cyclic view of time and the modern, linear view of time, noting that, in their case, sacred events are not limited to a far-off primordial age, but continue throughout history: "time is no longer [only] the circular Time of the Eternal Return; it has become linear and irreversible Time". He thus sees in Ch...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
to save humans, but it also enters history to "save" history and turn otherwise ordinary, historical events into something "capable of transmitting a trans-historical message". From Eliade's perspective, Christianity's "trans-historical message" may be the most important help that modern man could have in confronting t...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
be saved from the world only through secret knowledge (gnosis). Ellwood claimed that the three mythologists were "modern gnostics through and through", remarking, Whether in Augustan Rome or modern Europe, democracy all too easily gave way to totalitarianism, technology was as readily used for battle as for comfort, an...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
the means of escaping History, of saving myself through symbol, myth, rite, archetypes". In Ellwood's view, Eliade's nostalgia was only enhanced by his exile from Romania: "In later years Eliade felt about his own Romanian past as did primal folk about mythic time. He was drawn back to it, yet he knew he could not live...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
history" from which modern man is no longer shielded. In this concept, Ellwood sees an "element of nostalgia" for earlier times "when the sacred was strong and the terror of history had barely raised its head". Criticism of Eliade's scholarship Overgeneralization Eliade cites a wide variety of myths and rituals to supp...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
In Kirk's view, Eliade derived his theory of eternal return from the functions of Australian Aboriginal mythology and then proceeded to apply the theory to other mythologies to which it did not apply. For example, Kirk argues that the eternal return does not accurately describe the functions of Native American or Greek...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
to all myths and rituals, although it may apply to many of them. However, although Doniger agrees that Eliade made over-generalizations, she notes that his willingness to "argue boldly for universals" allowed him to see patterns "that spanned the entire globe and the whole of human history". Whether they were true or n...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Anthropologist" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
having no empirical support. Thus, he is said to have "failed to provide an adequate methodology for the history of religions and to establish this discipline as an empirical science", though the same critics admit that "the history of religions should not aim at being an empirical science anyway". Specifically, his cl...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Anthropologist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Eliade's work on Shamanism, namely because he was not an anthropologist but a historian. She contends that Eliade never did any field work or contacted any indigenous groups that practiced Shamanism, and that his work was synthesized from various sources without being supported by direct field research. In contrast, Pr...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
scholarship and its scientific character, citing the Romanian academic's alleged refusal to accept the treatment of religions in their historical and cultural context, and proposing that Eliade's notion of hierophany refers to the actual existence of a supernatural level. Ronald Inden, a historian of India and Universi...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
modern, Western man lacks but needs." Far right and nationalist influences Although his scholarly work was never subordinated to his early political beliefs, the school of thought he was associated with in interwar Romania, namely Trăirism, as well as the works of Julius Evola he continued to draw inspiration from, hav...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
and not to initiates of esoteric circles. After the 1960s, he, together with Evola, Louis Rougier, and other intellectuals, offered support to Alain de Benoist's controversial Groupement de recherche et d'études pour la civilisation européenne, part of the Nouvelle Droite intellectual trend. Notably, Eliade was also pr...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
"religious" or "traditional" societies. Furthermore, some see a connection between Eliade's essentialism with regard to religion and fascist essentialism with regard to races and nations. To Ellwood, this connection "seems rather tortured, in the end amounting to little more than an ad hominem argument which attempts t...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Honoré de Balzac" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
antisemitism: "A tendency to think in generic terms of peoples, races, religions, or parties, which as we shall see is undoubtedly the profoundest flaw in mythological thinking, including that of such modern mythologists as our three, can connect with nascent anti-Semitism, or the connection can be the other way." Lite...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
perspective on life culminated in "banality", leaving authors gripped by the "cult of the self" and "a contempt for literature". Polemically, Călinescu proposed that Mircea Eliade's supposed focus on "aggressive youth" served to instill his interwar Romanian writers with the idea that they had a common destiny as a gen...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
illustrated magazine kind." Mircea Eliade's assessment of his own pre-1940 literary contributions oscillated between expressions of pride and the bitter verdict that they were written for "an audience of little ladies and high school students". A secondary but unifying feature present in most of Eliade's stories is the...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Călinescu objected to the narrative, arguing that both the physical affair and the father's rage seemed artificial, while commenting that Eliade placing doubt on his Indian characters' honesty had turned the plot into a piece of "ethnological humor". Noting that the work developed on a classical theme of miscegenation,...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Novelist" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
to sexual adventures, and seduces the women of the Lecca family (who have hired him as a piano teacher). Romanian-born novelist Norman Manea called Anicet's experiment: "the paraded defiance of bourgeois conventions, in which venereal disease and lubricity dwell together." In one episode of the book, Anicet convinces A...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
The novel Marriage in Heaven depicts the correspondence between two male friends, an artist and a common man, who complain to each other about their failures in love: the former complains about a lover who wanted his children when he did not, while the other recalls being abandoned by a woman who, despite his intention...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "instance of", "Human" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
a Lead Soldier"). In the former, a company of beetle spies is sent among the red ants—their travel offers a setting for satirical commentary. Eliade himself explained that Memoriile unui soldat de plumb was an ambitious project, designed as a fresco to include the birth of the Universe, abiogenesis, human evolution, an...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Writing for the Spanish journal La Vanguardia, commentator Sergio Vila-Sanjuán described the first volume of Eliade's Autobiography (covering the years 1907 to 1937) as "a great book", while noting that the other main volume was "more conventional and insincere." In Vila-Sanjuán's view, the texts reveal Mircea Eliade h...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
been lost. The travels to Spain, partly recorded in Jurnal portughez, also led to a separate volume, Jurnal cordobez ("Cordoban Diary"), which Eliade compiled from various independent notebooks. Jurnal portughez shows Eliade coping with clinical depression and political crisis, and has been described by Andrei Oișteanu...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Journalist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Philosopher" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
eulogistic terms, notably comparing himself favorably to Goethe and Romania's national poet Mihai Eminescu, Cernat accused the writer of "egolatry", and deduced that Eliade was "ready to step over dead bodies for the sake of his spiritual 'mission' ". The same passages led philosopher and journalist Cătălin Avramescu t...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Ortega y Gasset, Eugeni d'Ors, Vicente Blasco Ibáñez and Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo. He also wrote an essay on the works of James Joyce, connecting it with his own theories on the eternal return ("[Joyce's literature is] saturated with nostalgia for the myth of the eternal repetition"), and deeming Joyce himself an an...
[]
Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
for the first time in Theory in Action -the journal of the Transformative Studies Institute, vol. 5 (2012): 2–58. Adaptations The Bengali Night (1988) Domnişoara Christina ("Miss Christina") (1992) Șarpele ("The Snake") (1996) Eu sunt Adam! (1996) Youth Without Youth (2007) Domnişoara Christina ("Missis Christina") (20...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Nae Ionescu's various anti-Jewish attacks.Ornea, p.408–409, 412 Late in the 1930s, Mihail Sebastian was marginalized by Romania's antisemitic policies, and came to reflect on his Romanian friend's association with the far right. The subsequent ideological break between him and Eliade has been compared by writer Gabriel...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Diplomat" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Writer" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
new waves of Jews are flooding into the country. Rather than a Romania again invaded by kikes, it would be better to have a German protectorate. The friendship between Eliade and Sebastian drastically declined during the war: the latter writer, fearing for his security during the pro-Nazi Ion Antonescu regime (see Roma...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
figures. Beyond his involvement with a movement known for its antisemitism, Eliade did not usually comment on Jewish issues. However, an article titled Piloţii orbi ("The Blind Pilots"), contributed to the journal Vremea in 1936, showed that he supported at least some Iron Guard accusations against the Jewish community...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
many duties—after they have tasted the honey of power and conquered as many command positions as they have. Jews are currently fighting with all forces to maintain their positions, expecting a future offensive—and, as far as I am concerned, I understand their fight and admire their vitality, tenacity, genius. One year ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Diplomat" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
to publicize this matter previously. Polemics and exile Dumitru G. Danielopol, a fellow diplomat present in London during Eliade's stay in the city, later stated that the latter had identified himself as "a guiding light of [the Iron Guard] movement" and victim of Carol II's repression. In October 1940, as the National...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
disseminate propaganda in favor of the Iron Guard. In Jurnal portughez, Eliade defines himself as "a Legionary", and speaks of his own "Legionary climax" as a stage he had gone through during the early 1940s. The depolitisation of Eliade after the start of his diplomatic career was also mistrusted by his former close f...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
of them his friends and former friends, in a letter he sent to Tudor Vianu.Ornea, p.184–185 In 1946, Ionesco indicated to Petru Comarnescu that he did not want to see either Eliade or Cioran, and that he considered the two of them "Legionaries for ever"—adding "we are hyenas to one another". Eliade's former friend, the...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Novelist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
activities were brought into discussion as he was getting ready to publish a translation of his Techniques du Yoga with the left-leaning Italian company Giulio Einaudi Editore—the denunciation was probably orchestrated by Romanian officials. In August 1954, when Horia Sima, who led the Iron Guard during its exile, was ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "country of citizenship", "United States" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
viewed as "courageous". However, according to Robert Ellwood, the Eliade he met in the 1960s was entirely apolitical, remained aloof from "the passionate politics of that era in the United States", and "[r]eportedly [...] never read newspapers" (an assessment shared by Sorin Alexandrescu). Eliade's student Ioan Petru C...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Romania and, above all, to publish texts that had become unpublishable in Romania itself". Beginning in 1969, Eliade's past became the subject of public debate in Israel. At the time, historian Gershom Scholem asked Eliade to explain his attitudes, which the latter did using vague terms. As a result of this exchange, S...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Andrei Oişteanu, noted that, in the years following Eliade's death, conversations with various people who had known the scholar had made Culianu less certain of his earlier stances, and had led him to declare: "Mr. Eliade was never antisemitic, a member of the Iron Guard, or pro-Nazi. But, in any case, I am led to beli...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. Arguing that people "would only accept apologetics [...] or executions", he contended: "After Buchenwald and Auschwitz, even honest people cannot afford being objective". Posterity Alongside the arguments introduced by Daniel Dubuisson, criticism of Mircea Eliade's political involvement ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Novelist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
also for spreading antisemitism and anti-Masonry in 1930s Romania. In 1991, exiled novelist Norman Manea published an essay firmly condemning Eliade's attachment to the Iron Guard. Other scholars, like Bryan S. Rennie, have claimed that there is, to date, no evidence of Eliade's membership, active services rendered, or...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Eliade's critics are following political agendas.Bryan S. Rennie, Reconstructing Eliade: Making Sense of Religion, State University of New York Press, Albany, 1996, p.149–177. Romanian scholar Mircea Handoca, editor of Eliade's writings, argues that the controversy surrounding Eliade was encouraged by a group of exiled...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Legionaries had turned violent, and argued that there was no evidence of Eliade's actual affiliation with the Iron Guard as a political movement. Additionally, Joaquín Garrigós, who translated Eliade's works into Spanish, claimed that none of Eliade's texts he ever encountered show him to be an antisemite. Mircea Eliad...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Ellwood also places Eliade's involvement with the Iron Guard in relation to scholar's conservatism, and connects this aspect of Eliade's life with both his nostalgia and his study of primal societies. According to Ellwood, the part of Eliade that felt attracted to the "freedom of new beginnings suggested by primal myth...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "country of citizenship", "Kingdom of Romania" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
was aware that the "golden age" of antiquity was no longer accessible to secular man, that it could be recalled but not re-established. Thus, a "more accessible" object for nostalgia was a "secondary silver age within the last few hundred years"—the Kingdom of Romania's 19th century cultural renaissance. To the young E...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
by mythological archetypes and with no awareness of the evil that was to be unleashed". Because of Eliade's withdrawal from politics, and also because the later Eliade's religiosity was very personal and idiosyncratic, Ellwood believes the later Eliade probably would have rejected the "corporate sacred" of the Iron Gua...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
the terror of History there are only two possibilities of defense: action or contemplation." According to Ellwood, the young Eliade took the former option, trying to reform the world through action, whereas the older Eliade tried to resist the terror of history intellectually. Eliade's own version of events, presenting...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
ever having contributed to Buna Vestire. According to Sorin Antohi, "Eliade died without ever clearly expressing regret for his Iron Guard sympathies". Z. Ornea noted that, in a short section of his Autobiography where he discusses the Einaudi incident, Eliade speaks of "my imprudent acts and errors committed in youth"...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
brought in support of Eliade, Sergio Vila-Sanjuán concluded: "Nevertheless, Eliade's pro-Legionary columns endure in the newspaper libraries, he never showed his regret for this connection [with the Iron Guard] and always, right up to his final writings, he invoked the figure of his teacher Nae Ionescu." In his Felix C...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
in Eliade's version, was taken by various commentators, beginning with Mihail Sebastian, as a favorable allusion to the Iron Guard's beliefs on commitment and death, as well as to the bloody outcome of the 1941 Legionary Rebellion. Ten years after its premiere, the play was reprinted by Legionary refugees in Argentina:...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Essayist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
in popularity, an interpretation partly based on the similarity between, on one hand, two monikers ascribed to the Legionary leader (by, respectively, his adversaries and his followers), and, on the other, the main character's name (Cucoanes). Matei Călinescu did not reject Culianu's version, but argued that, on its ow...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
in țara furnicilor roșii, which depicts a population of red ants living in a totalitarian society and forming bands to harass the beetles, was seen as a potential allusion to the Soviet Union and to communism. Despite Eliade's ultimate reception in Communist Romania, this writing could not be published during the perio...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
first incumbent) holder of this chair is Wendy Doniger. To evaluate the legacy of Eliade and Joachim Wach within the discipline of the history of religions, the University of Chicago chose 2006 (the intermediate year between the 50th anniversary of Wach's death and the 100th anniversary of Eliade's birth), to hold a tw...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "educated at", "University of Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Bucharest" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Eliade's legacy in the field of the history of religions is mirrored by the journal Archaeus (founded 1997, and affiliated with the University of Bucharest Faculty of History). The 6th European Association for the Study of Religion and International Association for the History of Religions Special Conference on Religio...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Journalist" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University o...
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
at the University of Chicago. As Antohi noted, Eliade, Emil Cioran and Constantin Noica "represent in Romanian culture ultimate expressions of excellence, [Eliade and Cioran] being regarded as proof that Romania's interwar culture (and, by extension, Romanian culture as a whole) was able to reach the ultimate levels of...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Historian" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
a street in Cluj-Napoca, and to high schools in Bucharest, Sighişoara, and Reşiţa. The Eliades' house on Melodiei Street was torn down during the communist regime, and an apartment block was raised in its place; his second residence, on Dacia Boulevard, features a memorial plaque in his honor. Eliade's image in contemp...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "occupation", "Essayist" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Ion Antonescu and Nichifor Crainic. In parallel, according to Oişteanu (who relied his assessment on Eliade's own personal notes), Eliade's interest in the American hippie community was reciprocated by members of the latter, some of whom reportedly viewed Eliade as "a guru". Eliade has also been hailed as an inspiratio...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "member of political party", "Iron Guard" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
the Neue Rechte. The edition was not reviewed by the mainstream German press. Other sections of the European far right also claim Eliade as an inspiration, and consider his contacts with the Iron Guard to be a merit—among their representatives are the Italian neofascist Claudio Mutti and Romanian groups who trace their...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
their encounter and relationship, wrote her own novel as a reply to his Maitreyi; written in Bengali, it was titled Na Hanyate (translated into English as "It Does Not Die"). Several authors, including Ioan Petru Culianu, have drawn a parallel between Eugène Ionesco's Absurdist play of 1959, Rhinoceros, which depicts t...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "influenced by", "Nae Ionescu" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
by several critics as Eliade. The latter's portrayal, accomplished through statements made by the eponymous character, is polemical: Grielescu, who is identified as a disciple of Nae Ionescu, took part in the Bucharest Pogrom, and is in Chicago as a refugee scholar, searching for the friendship of a Jewish colleague as...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
also mentioned that, during a 1979 interview, Bellow had expressed admiration for Eliade. The 1988 film The Bengali Night, directed by Nicolas Klotz and based upon the French translation of Maitreyi, stars British actor Hugh Grant as Allan, the European character based on Eliade, while Supriya Pathak is Gayatri, a char...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
of the television series Architecture et Géographie sacrées, by Paul Barbă Neagră; Domnişoara Christina (1992), by Viorel Sergovici; Eu Adam (1996), by Dan Pița; Youth Without Youth (2007), by Francis Ford Coppola. Eliade's Iphigenia was again included in theater programs during the late years of the Nicolae Ceauşescu ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Case"), directed by Gelu Colceag and hosted by the Nottara Theater, and an eponymous play by director Alexandru Hausvater, first staged by the Odeon Theater in 2003 (starring, among others, Adriana Trandafir, Florin Zamfirescu, and Carmen Tănase). In March 2007, on Eliade's 100th birthday, the Romanian Radio Broadcasti...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
to Mircea Eliade"), and shown as part of a Romanian Radio cultural campaign, it starred Ion Caramitru, Oana Pellea and Răzvan Vasilescu. Domnișoara Christina has been the subject of two operas: the first, carrying the same Romanian title, was authored by Romanian composer Șerban Nichifor and premiered in 1981 at the Ro...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Press, Chicago, 1978.Images and Symbols: Studies in Religious Symbolism (trans. Philip Mairet), Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1991Myth and Reality (trans. Willard R. Trask), Harper & Row, New York, 1963Myths, Dreams and Mysteries (trans. Philip Mairet), Harper & Row, New York, 1967Myths, Rites, Symbols: A Mirc...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
origini până în prezent ("The History of Romanian Literature from Its Origins to Present Times"), Editura Minerva, Bucharest, 1986 John Daniel Dadosky, The Structure of Religious Knowing: Encountering the Sacred in Eliade and Lonergan, State University of New York Press, Albany, 2004 Robert Ellwood, The Politics of Myt...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
with and about Mircea Eliade") on Autori ("Published Authors") page of the Humanitas publishing house Furio Jesi, Mito, Mondadori, Milan, 1980 G. S. Kirk,Myth: Its Meaning and Functions in Ancient and Other Cultures, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1973The Nature of Greek Myths, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, ...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Nr. 891, March–April 2007; retrieved November 15, 2007; retrieved January 17, 2008 "Mircea Eliade şi mişcarea hippie" ("Mircea Eliade and the Hippie Movement"), in Dilema Veche, Vol. III, May 2006; retrieved November 7, 2007 Z. Ornea, Anii treizeci. Extrema dreaptă românească ("The 1930s: The Romanian Far Right"), Edit...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
for the Dawn. Boulder: Westview Press. Dudley, Guilford. 1977. Religion on Trial: Mircea Eliade & His Critics. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Idinopulos, Thomas A., Yonan, Edward A. (eds.) 1994. Religion and Reductionism: Essays on Eliade, Segal, and the Challenge of the Social Sciences for the Study of Religio...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
USA: Oxford University Press. Rennie, Bryan S. 1996. Reconstructing Eliade: Making Sense of Religion. Albany: State University of New York Press. . . Simion, Eugen. 2001. Mircea Eliade: A Spirit of Amplitude. Boulder: East European Monographs. Strenski, Ivan. 1987. Four Theories of Myth in Twentieth-Century History: Ca...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press Other languages Alexandrescu, Sorin. 2007. Mircea Eliade, dinspre Portugalia. Bucharest: Humanitas. Băicuş, Iulian, 2009, Mircea Eliade. Literator şi mitodolog. În căutarea Centrului pierdut. Bucharest: Editura Universităţii Bucureşti Călinescu, Matei. 2002. Despre Ioan P. Culianu ş...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Terra Incognita of Ioan Culianu, in Ètnografičeskoe obozrenie. N° 6, pp. 94–110. .. Laignel-Lavastine, Alexandra. 2002. Cioran, Eliade, Ionesco – L'oubli du fascisme. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France-Perspectives critiques. Oişteanu, Andrei. 2007. Religie, politică şi mit. Texte despre Mircea Eliade şi Ioan Petr...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of death", "Chicago" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "given name", "Mircea" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "employer", "University of Chicago" ] ]
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Découverte. External links Biography of Mircea Eliade Mircea Eliade, From Primitives to Zen List of Terms Used in Mircea Eliade's The Sacred and The Profane Bryan S. Rennie on Mircea Eliade Joseph G. Muthuraj, The Significance of Mircea Eliade for Christian Theology Mircea Eliade presentation on the "100 Greatest Roman...
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Mircea Eliade
[ [ "Mircea Eliade", "place of birth", "Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "educated at", "University of Calcutta" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "educated at", "University of Bucharest" ], [ "Mircea Eliade", "field of work", "Religious studies" ], [ "Mircea El...
Romanian-American historian, writer, philosopher and professor at the University of Chicago.
Category:Romanian philosophers Category:Philosophers of religion Category:Eastern Orthodox philosophers Category:Religious studies scholars Category:Shamanism Category:Traditionalist School Category:Romanian esotericists Category:Romanian orientalists Category:Romanian anthropologists Category:Contimporanul writers Cat...
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Lin Carter
[ [ "Lin Carter", "place of birth", "St. Petersburg, Florida" ], [ "Lin Carter", "genre", "Fantasy" ] ]
American fantasy writer, editor, critic
Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 – February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor, poet and critic. He usually wrote as Lin Carter; known pseudonyms include H. P. Lowcraft (for an H. P. Lovecraft parody) and Grail Undwin. He is best known for his work in the 1970s as e...
[ "Linwood Vrooman Carter", "Grail Undwin", "H. P. Lowcraft" ]
Lin Carter
[ [ "Lin Carter", "country of citizenship", "United States" ], [ "Lin Carter", "educated at", "Columbia University" ] ]
American fantasy writer, editor, critic
broadly knowledgeable in both fields. He was also active in fandom. Carter served in the United States Army (infantry, Korea, 1951–53), and then attended Columbia University and took part in Leonie Adams's Poetry Workshop (1953–54).<ref>Contributor note on Lin Carter in August Derleth, ed. Fire, Sleet and Candlelight: ...
[ "Linwood Vrooman Carter", "Grail Undwin", "H. P. Lowcraft" ]
Lin Carter
[ [ "Lin Carter", "genre", "Fantasy" ] ]
American fantasy writer, editor, critic
to Judith Ellen Hershkovitz (married 1959, divorced 1960) and second to Noel Vreeland (married 1963, when they were both working for the publisher Prentice-Hall; divorced 1975). Carter was a member of the Trap Door Spiders, an all-male literary banqueting club which served as the basis of Isaac Asimov's fictional group...
[ "Linwood Vrooman Carter", "Grail Undwin", "H. P. Lowcraft" ]
Lin Carter
[ [ "Lin Carter", "genre", "Fantasy" ] ]
American fantasy writer, editor, critic
In the 1970s Carter published one issue of his own fantasy fanzine Kadath, named after H. P. Lovecraft's fictional setting (see The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath). It was printed in extremely low numbers and was scarcely circulated. It contained Carter's Cthulhu Mythos story "The City of Pillars" (pp. 22–25). Carter re...
[ "Linwood Vrooman Carter", "Grail Undwin", "H. P. Lowcraft" ]