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1. Statement of the Technical Field
The inventive arrangements relate to computer network security, and more particularly to systems for communicating between two or more logical subdivisions of a computer network where the network is dynamically maneuverable to defend against malicious attacks.
2. Description of the Related Art
The central weakness of current cyber infrastructure is its static nature. Assets receive permanent or infrequently-changing identifications, allowing adversaries nearly unlimited time to probe networks, map and exploit vulnerabilities. Additionally, data traveling between these fixed entities can be captured and attributed. The current approach to cyber security places technologies such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems around fixed assets, and uses encryption to protect data en route. However, this traditional approach is fundamentally flawed because it provides a fixed target for attackers. In today's globally connected communications infrastructure, static networks are vulnerable networks.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”) Information Assurance (“IA”) Program has performed initial research in the area of dynamic network defense. A technique was developed under the IA program to dynamically reassign Internet protocol (“IP”) address space feeding into a pre-designated network enclave for the purpose of confusing any would-be adversaries observing the network. This technique is called DYnamic Network Address Transformation (“DYNAT”). An overview of the DYNAT technology was presented in a paper by DARPA entitled “Dynamic Approaches to Thwart Adversary Intelligence” which was published in 2001.
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The striker assembly of the present invention is particularly adapted for use in a compact semi-automatic handgun. A striker assembly of the type used in such a small handgun usually comprises an intricate mechanism having several small interacting parts which require considerable manual dexterity to handle and assemble. Consequently, the occasional stripping, cleaning and reassembling operation essential to proper gun maintenance and which requires handling these small parts can prove to be a troublesome chore for the average gun owner.
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{
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DNA replication is the central process of all actively dividing cells. Blocking this process can result in cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. Therefore, DNA replication forks are the targets of most cancer chemotherapeutics. However, a drawback of these therapies is that the cancer cell may become resistant to the radiation or chemotherapy. One major conserved DNA repair enzymes is the DNA2 helicase/nuclease (DNA2). Compounds for reducing or inhibiting the repairing functions of DNA2 remains elusive. Disclosed herein, inter alia, are solutions to these and other problems in the art.
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The present invention relates to isoxazoli-n-3-one derivatives of use as antidepressants.
Senile diseases are rapidly increasing with increase in the age of the population. one such disease is senile depression. Indeed, the increase in suicide by the aged has become a social problem. Therefore, the need has arisen to develop therapeutic agents for treating such diseases.
Typical available antidepressants include imipramine (10,11-dihydro-N,N-dimethyl-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-propanamine), and mianserin hydrochloride (1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydro-2-methyldibenzo(c,f]pyrazino-(1,2-a)azepine hydrochloride). The need remains to develop further antidepressant compounds.
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Emulsion type defoaming agents using alkylene oxide derivatives as emulsifiers have heretofore been known (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
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{
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Three-dimensional vertical NAND strings having one bit per cell are disclosed in an article by T. Endoh et al., titled “Novel Ultra High Density Memory With A Stacked-Surrounding Gate Transistor (S-SGT) Structured Cell”, IEDM Proc. (2001) 33-36.
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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has often been referred to as the “Queen of Forages” because it is an excellent source of protein and digestible fiber, and because of its wide adaptation. Alfalfa has a high mineral content and contains at least 10 different vitamins and is an important source of vitamin A. It is grown for hay, pasture and silage, and is valued highly as a livestock feed. Increasing alfalfa fiber digestibility by decreasing lignin content is known to improve forage quality, ration formulation flexibility, and enhance feed value. Doing so while not adversely affecting yield and without having to introduce transgenes to develop stable, high yielding cultivars with low or reduced lignin content has long been a goal of alfalfa breeders.
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{
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As computers have become increasingly commonplace and interconnected, the number of applications available to users has also increased. However, interaction with applications can be difficult and frustrating for users due to the number of applications that are installed on the computer. This interaction can include locating an application of interest as well as accessing functionality of the application. For instance, a user may select a weather application to get weather information, then interact with a news application to catch up on the latest news, and so on through a number of other applications. Consequently, navigation through these applications to locate desired information may take a significant amount of time, which may be further complicated by the number of applications that are available on the computing device.
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1. Field of the Invention
Portable barbecue cooking grills, particularly a lightweight assembly wherein the cooking bowl and hood are interlocked for convenient portability.
2. Description of the Prior Art
______________________________________ KRIDLER 4,192,283 GROSSO 4,331,127 DAILY 4,390.002 SCHLOSSER 4,453,530 SCHNACK 4,763,640 HSI-LIANG WU 4,966,126 JANSSEN 5,044,265 ______________________________________
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{
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The invention relates to method for performing ion implantation and activation of dopant impurities in a GaN-base semiconductor.
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{
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Electrically alterable read only memory (EAROM) semiconductors are used as programmable non-volatile memory devices. Such memory devices in the form of individual memory cells can be laid down as part of an integrated circuit chip (IC) in predetermined patterns with high density at a relatively low cost. Such devices require low power and are relatively simple to erase and write by applying appropriate voltages to the gate electrode of the device. They have found widespread use in a variety of devices, for example, radio and television tuners, program storage circuits, etc.
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{
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U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,335 (Wannamaker et al 1992) entitled “Thermocouple Connector” is an example of a form of temperature sensor used in boiler tube applications.
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{
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A variety of types of light sensors are known which can be mounted on an integrated optical circuit in order to receive light from a waveguide integrated on the circuit. One example is a SiGe/Si multi-quantum well (MQW) structure arranged to form a photodetector which can be mounted on a silicon optical circuit to receive an optical signal directed thereto by a waveguide.
The present invention aims to provide a light sensor having advantages over such known light sensors.
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{
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This invention relates to immunomodulators.
Nonspecific immunotherapy usually involves the use of immunomodulating agents administered with the aim of either general stimulation of or general suppression of a person's immune system. General immunostimulation enhances the ability of the immune system to respond to various diseases, e.g., cancer, bacterial infections, and virus infections, and thus can be a useful treatment for these disorders
One example of an immunostimulating agent is bestatin (N-[(2S, 3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyl]-L-leucine), an amino acid derivative isolated from culture filtrates of Streptomyces olivoreticuli A synthesis of bestatin is described in Nighizawa et al., 36 J. Antibiotics 695, and in British Patent No. 2,037,754.
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1. Field
This application relates generally to electronic messages, and more specifically to a system, article of manufacture and method of an automated answering system and/or other services.
2. Related Art
A significant rise of messaging in mobile from a consumer standpoint is occurring. It is noted that usage of messaging in an enterprise context can be different. For example, messaging can be closely tied with the corporate business applications. Accordingly, improvements in a simple reply-request mobile messaging paradigm can be applied to retrieve information from business applications.
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{
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Each year, about 1,500 children in the United States are rushed to hospital emergency rooms with accidental gunshot injuries. Nearly 200 children died from such wounds in 1994. Surprisingly, experts continue to suggest that firearm owners should not use conventional trigger locks on firearms they keep loaded for protection since rapid use of a such firearm in an emergency is not possible.
In an effort to provide a firearm owner with quicker access to a firearm, yet prevent others from gaining unauthorized access, specialized firearm safes have been proposed. These safes generally include receptacles for securely receiving one or more firearms. Because of their relatively small size, firearm safes are easily carried off by children, thieves and others unless such are mounted upon immovable objects. Once mounted in place, however, some users find it difficult, especially in the dark, to manipulate the combination locks of their safes to gain access to their firearms.
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{
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A user of a mobile communication device may initiate an emergency call by dialing an emergency phone number, such as 911. A service provider may route the emergency call to a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), where the call may be answered by an operator. The operator may obtain information from the user, such as the nature of the emergency and the precise location of the user, and may dispatch assistance to the user's location, such as a police, firefighting, and/or emergency medical service. A limited number of available connections may exist from the service provider network to a PSAP. In a natural disaster scenario, a large number of callers may initiate emergency calls, which may overwhelm resources of the service provider network.
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{
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This invention refers to a subsea system for petroleum production, consisting of a structure of template-manifold, wet christmas trees and satellite tree modules, which can be equipped as well with a control system of multiplexed electro-hydraulic type, which is specifically developed to be utilized in producing areas in water depths allowing for the use of guide-cables.
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{
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Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine that regulates cell growth and differentiation and is also an important mediator of acute inflammatory responses. IL-6 exhibits its action via a receptor complex consisting of a specific IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). Dysregulated IL-6 signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as multiple myeloma, autoimmune diseases and prostate cancer. Accordingly, there exists a need for therapies that neutralize the biological activities of IL-6 and/or IL-6R.
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The following is a tabulation of some of the prior art that appears relevant. Issued U.S. patents:
TABLE 11,275,5071918 Aug. 13Vuilleumier4,483,1431984 Nov. 20Corey4,490,9741985 Jan. 1Colegate
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This invention relates to a game which may be used for individual entertainment or by a pair of opponents competitively. In the past, a great number of toys and games have been devised which pits the dexterity or skill of the players in opposition as they attempt to manuever miniature racing cars along a fixed track. These cars are normally individually controlled by the players by electrical transformers energizing the track to provide power for the vehicle electric motors. The popularity of such devices has been immense as evidenced by the myriad of types and numbers marketed.
Due to the nature of the power supply and the abuse received at the hands of children, however, the aforementioned devices rarely work for prolonged periods of time.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a competitive racing rocket sled game which is economical to manufacture, extremely durable, and safe for children of all ages.
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{
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The present invention relates to use of a peptide secreted from B cells that has an inhibitory effect on the migration of T cells (including auto-reactive T cells). This has applications in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the conditions associated with such T cells, most notably type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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{
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Thermoplastic tubes formed to various configurations are used in a number of environments. Current methods for bending the thermoplastic tubes consist of time consuming and expensive operations. This presents a significant disadvantage when a large number of tubes are required for a particular manufacturing application such as in the automotive field as used for hydraulic, fluid, coolant, vapor, and oil conduits. One consideration for the manufacturer when devising a new method or apparatus for bending tubes is to search for a cost cutting method that maintains the high standard of quality and reduces production cost. Related concerns include the number of cycles or pieces bent per hour, retooling costs for production change, and flooring space required.
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{
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Three-dimensional vertical NAND strings having one bit per cell are disclosed in an article by T. Endoh, et. al., titled “Novel Ultra High Density Memory With A Stacked-Surrounding Gate Transistor (S-SGT) Structured Cell”, IEDM Proc. (2001) 33-36.
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{
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A fungicidal compound, ethaboxam (KR-B-0124552) and insecticidal neonicotinoid compounds (“The Pesticide Manual—14th edition” published by BCPC, ISBN: 1901396142, pp. 209, 1022 and 598) are conventionally known as active ingredients of agents for controlling pests.
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{
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A fluorescent sensor can produce a detectable change in fluorescence response upon interacting with an analyte. Fluorescent sensors can provide desirable properties such as water solubility, low detection limits, and high selectivity for a desired analyte The analyte can be a small molecule or ion (such as, for example, H+ (i.e., pH), Ca2+; glucose, or O2).
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{
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1. Field of the Invention
The device is relevant to a number of fields including solar power, telecommunictions, radar, lighting, radio astronomy, sound recording and emmission.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It is intended that the device performs tasks requiring a point focus currently achieved using a paraboloid reflector. Paraboloid reflectors, having three-dimensional curvatures, are difficult to construct accurately and with a satisfactory reflective surface, and are thus expensive.
The present invention is very similar to that covered in UK patent GB No. 2148525 B (Dudley), however in that invention the second reflector faces in a direction normal to the incoming rays.
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{
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The invention relates to a projectile equipped with a deployable parachute. More particularly, the present invention relates to such a projectile which is composed of at least two sections arranged axially in tandem and connected with one another by means of radially extending bolts, and with one of the sections accommodating the parachute.
One possibility of recovering projectiles undamaged after firing is to decelerate the flying velocity of the projectile or of its components to acceptable ground impact values with the aid of a parachute. A parachute can also be employed to cause the projectile tip to penetrate into the ground.
To cause the parachute to become effective, it must be ejected on the trajectory or the projectile must be separated in such a way that the parachute is able to automatically deploy as a result of the streaming air.
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{
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The present embodiments relate to the formation of integrated circuit structures, and more specifically to forming uniform (one example of uniformity is the same thickness) silicides in both narrow and wide trenches.
Many elegant and sophisticated processes are utilized during the formation of modern integrated circuit devices. One advance that has reduced electrical resistance is the silicidation process, which deposits a metallic layer on silicon and then performs a thermal (heating) cycle to allow the silicon to consume the metal and form a very low resistance material known as silicide. However, various issues arise when attempting to provide uniformity to the various silicides within an integrated circuit device, and the embodiments described below address such issues.
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{
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Embodiments of the inventive subject matter generally relate to the field of instant messaging applications, and more particularly to integration of collaboration systems in an instant messaging application.
Instant messaging applications allow two or more users to communicate in real time by sending messages via standard internet protocol(s). Users may create contact lists of friends, family and business associates in the instant messaging application. The application allows the user to check if a certain contact is online and exchange messages with them. Instant messaging applications is rapidly becoming a preferred means of business collaboration because many instant messaging applications support voice conversations, file sharing, and text based chat.
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{
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This invention relates to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-ester polymers (ABSE) having a rubber phase with a novel morphology.
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{
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The inventor has studied examples of present state of the art wind turbines of the propeller type, in particular, as they are now in common use.
At their apparently low levels of efficiency, another approach had to be made, to better utilize presently well known and commonly applied principles of fluid mechanics and aerodynamics, to improve our ability to extract maximum energy potential from the wind.
Based on principles of physics and aerodynamics known to the inventor, some serious possibilities were apparent, with numerous novel ways and means of embodying what he has seen as the best combinations of those principles to apply toward greater efficiency in the capture of wind energy. At the present time, there is a fast growing demand for electrical energy in particular, to be produced by means which do not damage the environment. This situation now provides adequate incentive toward the invention and development of wind power based generation of electrical energy, where individual unit capacity might range from a low of 20 kilowatts to as much as 5 megawatts per single unit.
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1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains to harness for horses and the like, and particularly to an appliance employed in bridling of such animals.
2. Statement of the Prior Art
Prior proposals for attachments of this general nature are illustratively shown in the below listed United States patents:
______________________________________ Patent No. Patentee Issued ______________________________________ 234,029 Gunning Nov. 2, 1880 921,812 Dorf May 18, 1909 1,086,891 Buche Feb. 10, 1914 2,273,136 Orech et al. Feb. 17, 1942 ______________________________________
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{
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Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor light-emitting device fabricated by employing P-N junction electroluminescence principles. Advantageous in environmental protection, high luminance, low power consumption, long service life, low working voltage and easy integration, the LED is the fourth-generation new light source following incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp and high intensity discharge lamp (HID) (e.g., HPSL and metal halide lamp).
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{
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When using a media device such as a computer or a tablet, it is very likely that a user will have multiple windows of content open at one time. These windows are typically manipulated in a way where a user has to scroll through each window or card individually to find specific areas or topics of interest. Such a task becomes cumbersome when a user wants to find their items of interest quickly when going through cards/windows but the display interface only accommodates several cards and/or such cards have areas that exceed the displayable area of the media device.
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{
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In U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,575,999, 3,936,470 and Belg. Pat. No. 835,579 there are described a number of 1-(1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazoles and 1H-1,2,4-triazoles having antifungal and antibacterial properties. The compounds of this invention differ from the foregoing essentially by the nature of the substituent group in the 4-position of the dioxolane moiety.
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{
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Even though battery operated appliances and flashlights and electric switches go back to the nineteenth century, there is room for improvement, as this disclosure will show.
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{
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Even though battery operated appliances and flashlights and electric switches go back to the nineteenth century, there is room for improvement, as this disclosure will show.
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{
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This invention relates to an insulated bottle holder of the type adapted to thermally insulate a glass bottle to thereby maintain the bottle and its contents at a below ambient temperature. Such bottle insulators are placed around a cooled bottle after it has been taken from a refrigerator.
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{
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Organizational computer networks are constantly under attack by malicious users. While firewalling and intrusion detection systems may be employed to limit access by hackers, the approaches have limitations. For example, zero-day and private exploits may be used in some cases to gain access via public-facing production systems. Recently, severe vulnerabilities have surfaced in secure sockets layer (SSL), Bourne again shell (bash), and secure shell (SSH). Undoubtedly, vulnerabilities in production systems will continue to be discovered.
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{
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Treatments for chronic diseases often require repeated and prolonged access to the vascular system to, for example, provide therapeutic agents thereto and/or remove fluids therefrom. However, complications are associated with most of the various methods for providing this access.
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{
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U.S. Pat. No. 1,619 by R. Porter, patented May 25, 1840, discloses a life preserver having a plurality of vertically stacked, peripherally disposed, inflatable tubes attached about the hip region of a pair of pants. Straps are attached to the top edge of the pants and presumably extend over the shoulders of a user.
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{
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Safe and effective exercise poses a specific set of challenges for subjects diagnosed with diabetes. These challenges include the coordination of exercise with glucose monitoring and administration of medications. Failure to coordinate these factors effectively can lead to various pathologies, including headache, seizure, faintness, withdrawal, depression, and hypoglycemia.
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{
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This invention relates to bed apparatus, and more particularly to an adjustable bed system for use in transportation equipment, such as truck-trailer arrangements.
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{
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Trial and error methods for printing on substrates are commonly inconsistent, tedious, and time-consuming, especially at the production level. Printing with an acceptable level of quality on objects that include one or more non-planar (e.g., curved) portions, such as a shoulder portion of a plastic container, can prove to be challenging.
For some applications, it is desirable for the print head to move to a more optimal print position and/or orientation relative to the surface to be printed.
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{
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This invention relates to certain β-amino acids that bind to the alpha-2-delta (α2δ) subunit of a calcium channel. These compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful in the treatment of a variety of psychiatric, pain, and other disorders.
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{
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5-(Aminomethyl)-2-chlorothiazole is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and the like. JP-A-04-234864 describes, as a method for its production, a method in which an allyl isothiocyanate derivative is reacted with a chlorinating agent and then the obtained product is reacted with liquid ammonia or hexamethylenetetramine.
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{
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Typical personal cutting apparatuses are not configured for cutting over an arbitrary printed image, such as may be produced by an inkjet printer. Moreover, attempts to cut a printed image may lead to misalignment and frequent mistakes. Thus, a need exists for a simple and accurate method to align a personal cutting apparatus with a printed image.
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{
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In space-limited facilities where hydraulic and pneumatic tubes or pipes are present, it is difficult to tighten couplings using common open-ended wrenches. The prior art includes a number of devices which are gear-driven coupling devices that may be powered from a fixed point thereby avoiding the necessity of large arcuate swing areas that must be present for open-ended wrench turning. However, in the past such prior art devices have been integral with the coupling so that the tool cannot be removed. This presents three major drawbacks. The first is the expense involved in the necessary hardware for each coupling; the second and third disadvantages are the additional space and weight. The latter disadvantages are of particular importance in space vehicles where both weight and space are at a premium.
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{
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This invention relates to an improved apparatus for supporting a tire whilst a strip of premolded tread is being applied thereto in order to reconstruct the tread on the sand tire.
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{
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A photoresist composition is used for semiconductor microfabrication employing a lithography process.
JP2006-257078A1 discloses a photoresist composition which comprises a resin having an acid-labile group, an acid generator having a (hydroxyadamantyl)methoxycarbonyl group at its anion, and a quencher.
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This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
In-building cellular network applications may require a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna that is ultra-low profile and aesthetic looking for the building ceiling. Conventionally, this antenna type has been designed with a dipole parallel to the ceiling, which tends to have a very large dip or null that is not omnidirectional in azimuth plane.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
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The invention relates to a warhead which is adapted to be expelled from a carrier projectile or a flying body.
It has been determined that antenna-systems which are arranged in front of the effective load relative to the direction of flight are particularly advantageous for optimal target recognition. On the other hand, such arrangements of antenna-systems constitute a disturbing obstacle for the ejecting projectile which is produced by the effective charge at detonation and such antenna-systems can considerably detract from the effectiveness of the so-produced projectile.
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The claimed systems and methods relate generally to electronic devices incorporating an antenna that includes several commonly-fed radiating elements, and more particularly to antenna arrays that include a set of radiating or receiving elements arranged in a radially symmetrical configuration within a plane and fed by a balanced transmission network and products that include such arrays.
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{
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IA is a common, rapidly progressive, highly morbid, and frequently fatal infection in immunocompromised patients, especially in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia or who are immunosuppressed as a result of receiving glucocorticoid treatment for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Timely diagnosis with prompt initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy improves clinical outcomes. Unfortunately, clinical and radiographic manifestations are nonspecific, and standard culture and antigen diagnostic approaches lack sensitivity and specificity for TA. Definitive diagnosis still relies on biopsy, which is often unacceptably morbid and frequently uninformative in these debilitated patients.
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{
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A bandage with a wound cover and areas of different adhesiveness is known from European Patent EP-A-0 353 972.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Widespread problems of ceramic materials are adaptations of the morphotropic phase boundary, insufficient grain growth or insufficient grain size and high sintering temperatures.
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{
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Options for accessing and listening to digital audio in an out-loud setting were severely limited until in 2003, when SONOS, Inc. filed for one of its first patent applications, entitled “Method for Synchronizing Audio Playback between Multiple Networked Devices,” and began offering a media playback system for sale in 2005. The Sonos Wireless HiFi System enables people to experience music from virtually unlimited sources via one or more networked playback devices. Through a software control application installed on a smartphone, tablet, or computer, one can play what he or she wants in any room that has a networked playback device. Additionally, using the controller, for example, different songs can be streamed to each room with a playback device, rooms can be grouped together for synchronous playback, or the same song can be heard in all rooms synchronously.
Given the ever growing interest in digital media, there continues to be a need to develop consumer-accessible technologies to further enhance the listening experience.
The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating example embodiments, but it is understood that the inventions are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.
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{
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Options for accessing and listening to digital audio in an out-loud setting were severely limited until in 2003, when SONOS, Inc. filed for one of its first patent applications, entitled “Method for Synchronizing Audio Playback between Multiple Networked Devices,” and began offering a media playback system for sale in 2005. The Sonos Wireless HiFi System enables people to experience music from virtually unlimited sources via one or more networked playback devices. Through a software control application installed on a smartphone, tablet, or computer, one can play what he or she wants in any room that has a networked playback device. Additionally, using the controller, for example, different songs can be streamed to each room with a playback device, rooms can be grouped together for synchronous playback, or the same song can be heard in all rooms synchronously.
Given the ever growing interest in digital media, there continues to be a need to develop consumer-accessible technologies to further enhance the listening experience.
The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating example embodiments, but it is understood that the inventions are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.
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{
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This invention relates to assays and more particularly to immunoassays for the detection of antigens.
Presently, immunoassays are capable of detecting only one antigen (if the antibody is cross-reactive, the assay might detect a set of chemically similar antigens). If there are chemical species present in the sample which affect the affinity of the antibody for its antigen (interferants), the results of the assay will change. If the sample is an unknown, there will be no way of realizing that the results of the assay have been compromised. For example, the commercially available immunoassays for petroleum in water use a single conventional test such as a competition immunoassay, to give the petroleum content of water for concentrations in the ppm (parts per million) range. The antibodies in these assays bind a specific constituent of the petroleum, usually BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene). However, petroleum contains other species (such as alkanes) that change the antibody affinity for the BTEX, and thus change the results of the assay. In the protocol recommended by the manufacturer of these kits, the calibration is performed against a specific petroleum product (i.e., gasoline, kerosene, home heating fuel, etc). This assumes that one knows before hand what type of petroleum product is in the sample. If not, the result of the assay is inaccurate. A modification of the technique to quantify the interferants would be extremely valuable in obtaining additional quantitative information from the assay.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Drug permeability and half-life are some of the limiting factors in the development of new therapeutics. It would be beneficial to have improved approaches to enhancing drug availability, introducing drugs into cells and lengthening their half-lives.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The search for new antibiotics produced by soil microorganisms has encompassed the screening of various genera of bacteria, higher bacteria and fungi including many species within each genus and many strains within each species.
Microorganisms that are receiving increasing attention include the genus Micromonospora, a genus closely resembling Streptomyces but differing in the lack of aerial mycelium and with very narrow hyphae on which minute spores are borne singly.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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This invention relates to novel pharmacologically active prostenoic acid derivatives in the form of racemates and optically-active enantiomers and the preparation thereof.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Pain or loss of movement in joints is a common occurrence, particularly among the elderly or those who have suffered damage to cartilage, bone surfaces or ligaments. Standard methods of treatment include the administration of corticosteroids by injection into the site of the inflammation. However, relief tends to be temporary and long term use can carry a number of contraindications.
Pantothenic acid (sometimes known as vitamin B5) and its salts have been used as a dietary supplement and for treatment of bronchial asthma, hay-fever, sinusitis and neurodermatitis.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The present invention in the field of immunology and medicine relates to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibodies, anti-TNF peptides and nucleic acids encoding therefor, and to pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions and production, diagnostic and therapeutic methods thereof, and to methods for treating human TNF-mediated pathologies.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The present invention in the field of immunology and medicine relates to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibodies, anti-TNF peptides and nucleic acids encoding therefor, and to pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions and production, diagnostic and therapeutic methods thereof, and to methods for treating human TNF-mediated pathologies.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Passwords are commonly used to control access to computer software applications, and are therefore often the target of theft. Two common methods used by thieves to steal passwords involve identifying the individual characters of a password, by watching a user's fingers as the user enters a password using a keyboard and by using a software- or hardware-based keylogger that records the characters as they are entered by the user.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Handheld and wearable electronic devices regularly include navigation capability and often include features to determine device orientation or other internal sensors. Some devices have multiple radios, including WiFi and Bluetooth. Many also provide a graphical user interface (GUI) and touch screen via which the user may interact with the GUI.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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In the fabrication of integrated circuit devices, some processes developed depend on the conversion in resistivity of selected portions of a film of an insulator overlying a region to which low resistance electrical connections need to be made, for example, the source and drain regions of an MOS transistor. Such conversion avoids the need for removal of such portions of the insulating film, which removal may be difficult and which may leave openings which are difficult to penetrate reliably for making electrical connection to the underlying regions. One technique previously proposed has been to increase locally the conductivity of the film by the introduction of dopants so that electrical connection can be made to the local portion of the film avoiding the need for making an opening in the film. However, it proves difficult to dope films of insulating materials sufficiently to increase the conductivity to the desired level, because of limitations in available implantation apparatus and the tendency of the substrate to be affected by such heavy doping.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Typically, an engine of a vehicle experiences a resistive load from the drive wheel(s) or other final drive element(s) included in the drivetrain of the vehicle. However, there may be times when the load is no longer resistive but becomes an overrunning load, causing the engine, and components mounted thereto, to overspeed such that the actual engine speed exceeds the normal engine speed range for the particular engine speed requested by the operator. Such an overrunning load may result from, for example, deceleration or traveling with a grade and may significantly decrease the life of the engine and attached components.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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A number of puzzles have been developed over the years involving the stacked and nested arrangement of diverse geometric configurations. These puzzles have many beneficial uses, including the stimulus of mental challenge, topographic and orientation determinations, and manual dexterity and manipulative skills.
One such puzzle of the foregoing general type and bearing at least some relationship to the subject invention are the so-called Soma blocks wherein smaller cubic members are interconnected in diverse arrays and may be arranged to form a large cube, for example.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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In order to spray a fluid (e.g., fertilizer, pesticide, fungicide, insecticide) onto agricultural crops, agricultural sprayers commonly include a PTO-driven diaphragm pump. A fluid regulation valve is commonly used to control fluid flow.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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This disclosure relates to determining a fluid pressure through one or more densometers.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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This invention relates to a base station antenna arrangement, for use in a Cellular Radio communications system, which shall hereafter be referred to as a smart antenna.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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To obtain the enhanced turning performance of tires for use with four-wheel vehicles, an increased rigidity of the tread pattern is effective. Attempts have been made at this purpose, specifically, such as hardening the rubber of the tread portion, reducing the depth of grooves of the tread portion and the like. One related technique is as follows. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-82735
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the field of tissue removal and tissue grafting. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for the percutaneous cutting and removal of selected portions of tissue from a patient and the possible harvesting and implantation of the tissue portion in the donor.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The invention relates to a method and apparatus for carbonating liquids, and more particularly, for use as a soda or other beverage maker that may be used in the home as a small tabletop appliance.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The advent of the World Wide Web and its proliferation in the 90's transformed the way humans conduct business, live lives, consume/communicate information and interact with or relate to others. A new wave of technology is on the cusp of the horizon to revolutionize our already digitally immersed lives.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Signals received by “receivers” travel through “channels.” A channel may be any medium through which a signal can travel. Channels may have undesired effects on signals, such as amplitude attenuation or phase distortion. An equalizer at the receiver may attempt to remove from the signal the effects of the channel.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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A communications server such as an Automatic Call Distributor (ACD) often queues a caller while the caller waits for live support. Some systems include a Private Branch Exchange (PBX) having circuitry and modules that allows the system or agent to manually dequeue one of these calls. Similar features occur in Private Branch Exchange (PBX) systems that generally offer a feature for call pick-up. This call pick-up feature allows one user to retrieve a call destined to a remote user as directed to or within a predefined group of users as a group. In both of these scenarios when Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones are involved, however, the media stream must be negotiated in an end-to-end fashion, without violation of the offer/answer model described in RFC3264, the disclosure which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This should not involve extra effort on the user's part, such as having to answer the phone after making the request.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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1. Field
Apparatuses consistent with example embodiments relate to an integrated circuit (IC), and more particularly to an IC including an embedded memory device for performing a dual-transient word line assist using a triple power source and a device having the IC.
2. Description of Related Art
A minimum voltage of a static random access memory (SRAM) may be lowered to make a low power-high efficiency application processor. However, a degree of integration of a semiconductor circuit is further refined in a latest process, and thus parasitic components tend to be increased in the semiconductor circuit. Because a supply voltage supplied to the SRAM is gradually scaled down (or reduced), an SRAM of good quality becomes difficult to design. In addition, due to quantized width processing characteristics of a fin field effect transistor (FinFET), a bit cell of an SRAM having an optimum performance becomes difficult to develop. For this reason, a design of an assist circuit is a factor in designing a low power and high efficiency SRAM.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Ultraviolet (UV) emitting devices are of considerable interest for applications that include water purification, analytical devices for medical and biotechnology fields, UV curing, and currency screening, among other applications. Light emitting devices that emit in spectral ranges suitable for these and other applications can be fabricated based on a variety of material systems, including group III-V and II-VI binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds and alloys and various combinations thereof.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Disposable syringes are today in widespread use. Such a syringe is sold with an inexpensive plastic sleeve which covers the needle of the syringe and is sufficiently inexpensive to be thrown away. Unfortunately, syringes of this type are reusable and have become a source of serious contamination and spread of diseases such as AIDS.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Electronic circuits are often formed on rigid circuit boards and housed in rigid enclosures. Some devices may utilize flexible conductors to accommodate large-scale movement of components relative to one another. An example of such a configuration is a ribbon cable running from a controller to a print head of an inkjet printer.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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While there have been children's books used in aqueous environments, the construction of embedding a puppet in a waterproof book opens the risks of water reaching the interior portions between pages. The water that remains inside of the pages could cause mold and build up of other bacteria, which may be harmful to children and adults alike.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The present invention is concerned with the use of 17.beta.-N-monosubstituted-carbamoyl-4-aza-5.alpha.-androst-1-en-3-one compounds as testosterone-5.alpha.-reductase inhibitors for the prevention of prostatic carcinoma.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The explosive growth of the Internet as a publication and interactive communication platform has created an electronic environment that is changing the way business is transacted. As the Internet becomes increasingly accessible around the world, users need efficient tools to navigate the Internet and to find content available on various websites.
Internet portals provide users an entrance and guide into the vast resources of the Internet. Typically, an Internet portal provides a range of search, email, news, shopping, chat, maps, finance, entertainment, and other content and services. Thus, the information presented to the users needs to be efficiently and properly categorized and stored within the portal.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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In vehicle and other navigation applications, a low-cost dead-reckoning system requires accurate measurement of vehicle heading and distance traveled. Vehicle odometer sensors are either difficult to access or not available. Most wheel sensors do not provide rotational sense information, and a forward/backward sensor must be used. Heading information must be provided by other sensors such as a gyroscope or compass.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Semiconductor industry relies on device scaling to deliver improved performance at lower costs. Flash memory is the mainstream non-volatile memory in today's market. However, Flash memory has a number of limitations that is posing a significant threat to continued advancement of memory technology. Therefore, the industry is exploring alternative memories to replace Flash memory. Contenders for future memory technology include magnetic storage random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), and resistive switching memories such as phase change RAM (PCRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), ionic memories including programmable metallization cell (PMC) or conductive bridging random access memory (CBRAM). These memories are also called as emerging memories.
To be viable, the emerging memory has to be better than Flash memory in more than one of technology metrics such as scalability, performance, energy efficiency, On/Off ration, operational temperature, CMOS compatibility, and reliability. CBRAM technology has shown promising results in many of these technology metrics.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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A wireless service provider may provide access to a private network of an enterprise, such as an enterprise local area network (LAN). Enterprise devices (e.g., smart phones of enterprise employees) may use the wireless service provider's network to access the enterprise network. An enterprise administrator may control services, devices, and websites that may be accessed by the enterprise devices.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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PCRAM structures have received increased attention because of their simplicity and scalability as compared with floating-gate (FG) and nitride-based NVM devices. However, PCRAM structures face several challenges. For example, a high current is required to generate the heat quickly and at a high magnitude to promote the fast phase-change (resistance change) of the phase-change material.
A need therefore exists for methodology enabling PCRAM structures with higher heating capacities at lower reset currents, and the resulting structures.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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A typical line interface of a communication system with optical links generally includes three devices: an optical module that includes a serializer/deserializer (serdes) component, a forward error correction (FEC) processor, and a framer. The interconnection between these devices is electrical and the maximum data rate per signal is typically less than the optical data rate. Thus, a multi-bit bus is generally required.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Installations of this type find widespread application in the art, with particulate materials such as catalysts and/or adsorbents. In most of the these uses, obtaining optimal performance depends on the constant thickness of each mass of particulate material in the direction of fluid flow, which is to say the geometric precision of the interface between two adjacent layers. Until now, particularly in installations with masses of concentric different adsorbents, this interfacial precision requires the emplacement, which is delicate and difficult, of an intermediate grid, as described in EP-A-0,118,349.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The market pressure to increase the memory cell density is continuously growing. This results in a higher demand in contacting the memory cells in a memory cell arrangement, for example, in case of a three-dimensional integration of memory cells in an integrated circuit.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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Service providers rely upon various types of infrastructure to deliver media services, including voice, video and data, to their users. Optical fibers which transport optical signals and twisted pair lines which transport electrical signals are utilized both independently and in combination with each other to connect premises with service provider networks. The choice of the type of infrastructure to utilize in order to connect a premises can depend upon a number of factors including the type of service and the location of the premises.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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In existing sprayguns for spraying fluids using conventional atomising air the needle is sealed by woven asbestos filled with a P.T.F.E. (polytetrafluoroethylene) and a grease mixture. Sometimes graphite is used in the grease.
The needles of these existing needle valves are subjected to wear and to improve the seal an adjustment has to be made of a spring loaded collar. This has the disadvantage of having to remove the front of the spraygun to provide access to the needle packing assembly.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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The new and distinct grapevine described and claimed herein originated from a hand pollinated cross of the Calinda variety and Arkansas 2409, an unnamed interspecific hybrid seedless grape selection, hybridized in May 2002. The abortive seed traces were subsequently embryo cultured and the resulting sixty-nine plants were planted in the field in April 2003. The present variety of grapevine was selected as a single plant in July 2004 and was first asexually propagated by hardwood cuttings in December 2004. The resulting propagules were planted during April 2005 near Delano, Kern County, Calif. and were found to reproduce true-to-type through at least two generations of asexual reproduction.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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This invention relates to a continuous process for preparing (1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene)terephthalate polymers starting from terephthalic acid.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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In the field of automobiles, industrial machines and the like, highly reliable semiconductor devices are often required. In this context, the ISO 26262 Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) is known as an international standard of functional safety of automobile components. Some systems that are in compliance with ASIL have a function of executing a built in self test (BIST) even when the systems are otherwise operating normally.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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U.S. Pat. No. 3,957,786 describes substituted uracil derivatives which are distinguished in particular by a marked hypotensive action.
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{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
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